1
|
Mao Y, Liu X, He K, Lin C, He B, Gao J. Xuanhusuo powder has an anti-breast cancer effect by inhibiting myeloid-derived suppressor cell differentiation in the spleen of mice through down-regulating granulocyte colony stimulating factor. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2023; 52:88-100. [PMID: 37283122 PMCID: PMC10407995 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2022-0353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the mechanism of Xuanhusuo powder (XHSP) inhibiting the differentiation of spleen myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in breast cancer mice. METHODS Forty-eight BALB/c female mice aged 4-5 weeks were selected, 6 of them were in normal control group, while others were in tumor-bearing models established by orthotopic injection of 4T1 cells into the subcutaneous fat pad of the second pair of left mammary glands. The tumor-bearing mice were divided into granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) control group, G-CSF knock-down group, model control group, XHSP small dose group, XHSP medium dose group, XHSP high dose group, and cyclophosphamide (CTX) group, with 6 mice in each group. G-CSF control group and G-CSF knock-down group were constructed by stably transfecting 4T1 cells established by shRNA lentivirus combined with puromycin selection. 48 h after the model was established, XHSP small, medium, high dose group were given 2, 4, 8 g·kg-1·d-1 intragastric administration once a day, respectively. CTX was given 30 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection, once every other day. The other groups were given an equal volume of 0.5% hydroxymethylcellulose sodium. The drugs in each group were continuously administered for 25 d. Histological changes in spleen were observed by HE staining, the proportion of MDSCs subsets in the spleen were detected by flow cytometry, the co-expression of CD11b and Ly6G in the spleen was detected by immunofluorescence, and the concentration of G-CSF in peripheral blood was detected by ELISA. The spleen of tumor-bearing mice was co-cultured with 4T1 stably transfected cell lines in vitro, treated with XHSP (30 μg/mL) for 24 h, and the co-expression of CD11b and Ly6G in the spleen was detected by immunofluorescence. 4T1 cells were treated by XHSP (10, 30, 100 μg/mL) for 12 h. The mRNA level of G-CSF was detected by realtime RT-PCR. RESULTS Compared with normal mice, the red pulp of the spleen in tumor-bearing mice was widened with megakaryocyte infiltration. The proportion of spleen polymorphonucleocyte-like MDSCs (PMN-MDSCs) was significantly increased (P<0.01) and the co-expression of CD11b and Ly6G was increased, and the concentration of G-CSF in peripheral blood was significantly increased (P<0.01). However, XHSP could significantly reduce the proportion of PMN-MDSCs (P<0.05) and the co-expression of CD11b and Ly6G in the spleen, down-regulate the mRNA level of G-CSF in 4T1 cells (P<0.01). The concentration of G-CSF in peripheral blood of tumor-bearing mice also decreased (P<0.05) and tumor volume was reduced and splenomegaly was improved (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS XHSP may play an anti-breast cancer role by down-regulating G-CSF, negatively regulating the differentiation of MDSCs, and reconstruct the spleen myeloid microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youer Mao
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Xi Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311499, China.
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325003, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Kai He
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Chen Lin
- School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311499, China
| | - Bingqian He
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311499, China
| | - Jianli Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311499, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pembrolizumab Treatment and Pathologic Therapeutic Evaluation for Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor-producing Bladder Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review. J Immunother 2021; 43:134-138. [PMID: 32080020 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing bladder cancer is a rare variant subtype of bladder cancer with a poor prognosis. Pembrolizumab has improved overall survival in bladder cancer and is widely used as a standard second-line treatment. However, no reports on G-CSF-producing cancer treated by pembrolizumab are available. We report a case of the pathologically evaluated antitumor effect of pembrolizumab, a programmed death-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody, in G-CSF-producing bladder cancer. A 53-year-old male patient underwent 4 courses chemotherapy with a combination of gemcitabine and carboplatin before a radical cystectomy with ileal neobladder. Four months after the surgery, local recurrence was detected in the pelvis and therefore pembrolizumab was used. One week after its administration, the patient showed increased mucus in his urine. A computed tomography scan and cystoscopy revealed a fistula between the ileum and the neobladder. He subsequently underwent partial ileectomy and repair of the neobladder-ileum fistula. Pathology-diagnosed tumor response to pembrolizumab in the metastatic tumor showed predominant infiltration by lymphocytes, unlike that in the primary bladder cancer. The patient has shown complete response and no recurrence at 1 year after the beginning of treatment, and therapy is still continuing. Although many questions still remain regarding the treatment of G-CSF-producing bladder cancer, pathologic evaluation of the present case suggests that treatment with pembrolizumab may be one option for G-CSF-producing bladder cancer that has failed chemotherapy treatment, similar to non-G-CSF-producing bladder cancer.
Collapse
|
3
|
Lecot P, Sarabi M, Pereira Abrantes M, Mussard J, Koenderman L, Caux C, Bendriss-Vermare N, Michallet MC. Neutrophil Heterogeneity in Cancer: From Biology to Therapies. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2155. [PMID: 31616408 PMCID: PMC6764113 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils have been extensively described in the pathophysiology of autoimmune and infectious diseases. Accumulating evidence also suggests the important role of neutrophils in cancer progression through their interaction with cancer and immune cells in blood and in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Most studies have described neutrophils as key drivers of cancer progression, due to their involvement in various tumor promoting functions including proliferation, aggressiveness, and dissemination, as well as in immune suppression. However, such studies were focusing on late-stages of tumorigenesis, in which chronic inflammation had already developed. The role of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) at early stages of tumor development remains poorly described, though recent findings indicate that early-stage TANs may display anti-tumor properties. Beyond their role at tumor site, evidence supported by NLR retrospective studies and functional analyses suggest that blood neutrophils could also actively contribute to tumorigenesis. Hence, it appears that the phenotype and functions of neutrophils vary greatly during tumor progression, highlighting their heterogeneity. The origin of pro- or anti-tumor neutrophils is generally believed to arise following a change in cell state, from resting to activated. Moreover, the fate of neutrophils may also involve distinct differentiation programs yielding various subsets of pro or anti-tumor neutrophils. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge on neutrophils heterogeneity across different tissues and their impact on tumorigenesis, as well as neutrophil-based therapeutic strategies that have shown promising results in pre-clinical studies, paving the way for the design of neutrophil-based next generation immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pacôme Lecot
- Department of Immunity, Virus, and Inflammation (IVI), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon, France
| | - Matthieu Sarabi
- Department of Immunity, Virus, and Inflammation (IVI), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon, France
| | - Manuela Pereira Abrantes
- Department of Immunity, Virus, and Inflammation (IVI), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon, France
| | - Julie Mussard
- Department of Immunity, Virus, and Inflammation (IVI), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon, France
| | - Leo Koenderman
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Center of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Christophe Caux
- Department of Immunity, Virus, and Inflammation (IVI), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon, France
| | - Nathalie Bendriss-Vermare
- Department of Immunity, Virus, and Inflammation (IVI), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Michallet
- Department of Immunity, Virus, and Inflammation (IVI), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Schulz GB, Grimm T, Buchner A, Jokisch F, Grabbert M, Schneevoigt BS, Kretschmer A, Stief CG, Karl A. Prognostic Value of the Preoperative Platelet-to-leukocyte Ratio for Oncologic Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2017; 15:e915-e921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
5
|
Morozumi K, Namiki S, Kudo T, Aizawa M, Ioritani N. Serum G-CSF May Be a More Valuable Biomarker than Image Evaluation in G-CSF-Producing Urothelial Carcinoma: A Case Report. Case Rep Oncol 2017; 10:377-382. [PMID: 28559823 PMCID: PMC5436015 DOI: 10.1159/000472250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing urothelial carcinomas (UCs) are rare and have a poor prognosis. According to the literature, treatment for G-CSF-producing UCs is very difficult. We experienced 2 cases of UC presenting with leukocytosis. In these cases, serum G-CSF levels were higher than the reference value with leukocytosis at diagnosis, and the resected specimens were positive for anti-G-CSF immunostaining. One case had a good prognosis and the other case died after 9 months from diagnosis. A change in serum G-CSF levels was reportedly an effective tumor marker in several reports. In the present cases, evaluation of serum G-CSF levels was found to be more sensitive than computerized tomography. The treatment and outcomes of UC-producing G-CSFs and the efficacy of serum G-CSF as a tumor marker are discussed based on our cases and a review of the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kento Morozumi
- Department of Urology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Sendai Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunichi Namiki
- Department of Urology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Sendai Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Kudo
- Department of Urology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Sendai Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masataka Aizawa
- Department of Urology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Sendai Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naomasa Ioritani
- Department of Urology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Sendai Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bordbar E, Malekzadeh M, Ardekani MTF, Doroudchi M, Ghaderi A. Serum Levels of G-CSF and IL-7 in Iranian Breast Cancer Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2012; 13:5307-12. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.10.5307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
7
|
Sawazaki H, Taki Y, Takeuchi H. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) producing bladder cancer subsequently developed from recurrent non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Int J Urol 2010; 17:741-2. [PMID: 20500535 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2010.02573.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
8
|
Perez FA, Fligner CL, Yu EY. Rapid clinical deterioration and leukemoid reaction after treatment of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: possible effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27:e215-7. [PMID: 19786665 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.22.4931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco A Perez
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dukes JW, Tierney LM. Paraneoplastic Leukemoid Reaction as Marker for Transitional Cell Carcinoma Recurrence. Urology 2009; 73:928.e17-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2008] [Revised: 05/09/2008] [Accepted: 05/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
10
|
Eosinophilic colitis in a patient with advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: a paraneoplastic syndrome? Am J Med Sci 2008; 336:81-3. [PMID: 18626244 DOI: 10.1097/maj.0b013e31815adeda] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophilia associated with tumors is extremely rare. The exact underlying pathogenetic mechanisms are not well understood; limited data have been reported about granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-5 in the development of eosinophilia. We report a patient with marked eosinophilia, leukocytosis, and eosinophilic colitis presenting with bloody stool. The subsequent diagnosis was advanced high-grade transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Leukocyte count, eosinophil count, and colonoscopic findings returned to normal after surgical removal of the tumor. To our knowledge, eosinophilic colonic infiltration as a manifestation of transitional cell bladder carcinoma has not been previously reported.
Collapse
|
11
|
Turalic H, Deamant FD, Reese JH. Paraneoplastic production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in a bladder carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 40:429-32. [PMID: 17060092 DOI: 10.1080/00365590600679350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a 51-year-old female with poorly differentiated bladder carcinoma who presented with leukocytosis and hypercalcemia. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was noted to be twice the normal level. Paraneoplastic leukocytosis in bladder carcinoma is rare, is often associated with paraneoplastic hypercalcemia, and appears to represent a particularly aggressive form of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haris Turalic
- Department of Medicine, Weiler Hospital of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vaidyanathan S, Mansour P, Ueno M, Yamazaki K, Wadhwa M, Soni BM, Singh G, Hughes PL, Watson ID, Sett P. Problems in early diagnosis of bladder cancer in a spinal cord injury patient: report of a case of simultaneous production of granulocyte colony stimulating factor and parathyroid hormone-related protein by squamous cell carcinoma of urinary bladder. BMC Urol 2002; 2:8. [PMID: 12201902 PMCID: PMC126229 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2490-2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2002] [Accepted: 08/30/2002] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Typical symptoms and signs of a clinical condition may be absent in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. CASE PRESENTATION A male with paraplegia was passing urine through penile sheath for 35 years, when he developed urinary infections. There was no history of haematuria. Intravenous urography showed bilateral hydronephrosis. The significance of abnormal outline of bladder was not appreciated. As there was large residual urine, he was advised intermittent catheterisation. Serum urea: 3.5 mmol/L; creatinine: 77 umol/L. A year later, serum urea: 36.8 mmol/l; creatinine: 632 umol/l; white cell count: 22.2; neutrophils: 18.88. Ultrasound: bilateral hydronephrosis. Bilateral nephrostomy was performed. Subsequently, blood tests showed: Urea: 14.2 mmol/l; Creatinine: 251 umol/l; Adjusted Calcium: 3.28 mmol/l; Parathyroid hormone: < 0.7 pmol/l (1.1 - 6.9); Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP): 2.3 pmol/l (0.7 - 1.8). Ultrasound scan of urinary bladder showed mixed echogenicity, which was diagnosed as debris. CT of pelvis was interpreted as vesical abscess. Urine cytology: Transitional cells showing mild atypia. Bladder biopsy: Inflamed mucosa lined by normal urothelial cells. A repeat ultrasound scan demonstrated a tumour arising from right lateral wall; biopsy revealed squamous cell carcinoma. In view of persistently high white cell count and high calcium level, immunohistochemistry for G-CSF and PTHrP was performed. Dense staining of tumour cells for G-CSF and faintly positive staining for C-terminal PTHrP were observed. This patient expired about five months later. CONCLUSION This case demonstrates how delay in diagnosis of bladder cancer could occur in a SCI patient due to absence of characteristic symptoms and signs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Mansour
- Department of Cellular Pathology, District General Hospital, Southport PR8 6PN, U.K
| | - Munehisa Ueno
- Department of Urology, Kidney Disease Centre, Saitama Medical School, 38 Morohongo, Moroyamamachi, Iruma, Saitama 3500495, Japan
| | - Kazuto Yamazaki
- Department of Pathology, Saiseikai Central Hospital, Minatoku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Meenu Wadhwa
- Division of Immunobiology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, HERTS, EN6 3QG, U.K
| | - Bakul M Soni
- Regional Spinal Injuries Centre, District General Hospital, Southport PR8 6PN, U.K
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Regional Spinal Injuries Centre, District General Hospital, Southport PR8 6PN, U.K
| | - Peter L Hughes
- Department of Radiology, District General Hospital, Southport PR8 6PN, U.K
| | - Ian D Watson
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, District General Hospital, Southport PR8 6PN, U.K
| | - Pradipkumar Sett
- Regional Spinal Injuries Centre, District General Hospital, Southport PR8 6PN, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ueno M, Ban S, Ohigashi T, Nakanoma T, Nonaka S, Hirata R, Iida M, Deguchi N. Simultaneous production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and parathyroid hormone-related protein in bladder cancer. Int J Urol 2000; 7:72-5. [PMID: 10710253 DOI: 10.1046/j.1442-2042.2000.00141.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A case of bladder cancer with simultaneous production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is reported. An 81-year-old male patient was admitted to the Saitama Medical School for treatment of gross hematuria, leukocytosis and hypercalcemia and diagnosed as having advanced bladder cancer. Immediately after a cystectomy was carried out, his white cell count and serum calcium levels returned to normal. However, the tumors recurred locally and the recurrence was accompanied by an increase in the serum G-CSF and PTHrP levels with a recurrent elevation of white cell count and the serum calcium level. The production of G-CSF and PTHrP in the tumor cells was confirmed by immunohistochemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ueno
- Department of Urology, Kidney Disease Center, Iruma, Saitama, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|