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Farhad SZ, Karbalaeihasanesfahani A, Dadgar E, Nasiri K, Esfahaniani M, Nabi Afjadi M. The role of periodontitis in cancer development, with a focus on oral cancers. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:814. [PMID: 39008163 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09737-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a severe gum infection that begins as gingivitis and can lead to gum recession, bone loss, and tooth loss if left untreated. It is primarily caused by bacterial infection, which triggers inflammation and the formation of periodontal pockets. Notably, periodontitis is associated with systemic health issues and has been linked to heart disease, diabetes, respiratory diseases, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and cancers. Accordingly, the presence of chronic inflammation and immune system dysregulation in individuals with periodontitis significantly contributes to the initiation and progression of various cancers, particularly oral cancers. These processes promote genetic mutations, impair DNA repair mechanisms, and create a tumor-supportive environment. Moreover, the bacteria associated with periodontitis produce harmful byproducts and toxins that directly damage the DNA within oral cells, exacerbating cancer development. In addition, chronic inflammation not only stimulates cell proliferation but also inhibits apoptosis, causes DNA damage, and triggers the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Collectively, these factors play a crucial role in the progression of cancer in individuals affected by periodontitis. Further, specific viral and bacterial agents, such as hepatitis B and C viruses, human papillomavirus (HPV), Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), and Porphyromonas gingivalis, contribute to cancer development through distinct mechanisms. Bacterial infections have systemic implications for cancer development, while viral infections provoke immune and inflammatory responses that can lead to genetic mutations. This review will elucidate the link between periodontitis and cancers, particularly oral cancers, exploring their underlying mechanisms to provide insights for future research and treatment advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Zahra Farhad
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfahan(Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Esmaeel Dadgar
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kamyar Nasiri
- Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahla Esfahaniani
- Faculty of Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Nabi Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Zhou Y, Meyle J, Groeger S. Periodontal pathogens and cancer development. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 38965193 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests a significant association between periodontal disease and the occurrence of various cancers. The carcinogenic potential of several periodontal pathogens has been substantiated in vitro and in vivo. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse mechanisms employed by different periodontal pathogens in the development of cancer. These mechanisms induce chronic inflammation, inhibit the host's immune system, activate cell invasion and proliferation, possess anti-apoptotic activity, and produce carcinogenic substances. Elucidating these mechanisms might provide new insights for developing novel approaches for tumor prevention, therapeutic purposes, and survival improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Zhou
- Department of Periodontology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Joerg Meyle
- Department of Periodontology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sabine Groeger
- Department of Periodontology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Orthodontics, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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3
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Acharya S, Hegde U, Acharya AB, Nitin P. Dysbiosis linking periodontal disease and oral squamous cell carcinoma-A brief narrative review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32259. [PMID: 38947439 PMCID: PMC11214465 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
An association between periodontal disease and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been recognized. However, there is no causal relationship between the two. The polymicrobial etiology of periodontal disease is confirmed, and so are the proven etiological factors for OSCC. Inflammation lies at the core of periodontal pathogenesis induced by the putative microbes. OSCC has inflammatory overtures in its pathobiology. Bacterial species involved in periodontal disease have been extensively documented and validated. The microbial profile in OSCC has been explored with no specific conclusions. The scientific reasoning to link a common microbial signature that connects periodontal disease to OSCC has led to many studies but has not provided conclusive evidence. Therefore, it would be beneficial to know the status of any plausible microbiota having a similarity in periodontal disease and OSCC. This brief review attempted to clarify the existence of a dysbiotic "fingerprint" that may link these two diseases. The review examined the literature with a focused objective of identifying periodontal microbial profiles in OSCC that could provide insights into pathogen commonality. The review concluded that there is great diversity in microbial association, but important bacterial species that correlate with periodontal disease and OSCC are forthcoming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swetha Acharya
- Department of Oral Pathology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, 570004, Karnataka, India
| | - Usha Hegde
- Department of Oral Pathology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, 570004, Karnataka, India
| | - Anirudh B. Acharya
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Priyanka Nitin
- Department of Oral Pathology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, 570004, Karnataka, India
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4
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Singh K, Vashishtha S, Chakraborty A, Kumar A, Thakur S, Kundu B. The Salmonella typhi Cell Division Activator Protein StCAP Impacts Pathogenesis by Influencing Critical Molecular Events. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:1990-2001. [PMID: 38815059 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Conserved molecular signatures in multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhi can serve as novel therapeutic targets for mitigation of infection. In this regard, we present the S. typhi cell division activator protein (StCAP) as a conserved target across S. typhi variants. From in silico and fluorimetric assessments, we found that StCAP is a DNA-binding protein. Replacement of the identified DNA-interacting residue Arg34 of StCAP with Ala34 showed a dramatic (15-fold) increase in Kd value compared to the wild type (Kd 546 nm) as well as a decrease in thermal stability (10 °C shift). Out of the two screened molecules against the DNA-binding pocket of StCAP, eltrombopag, and nilotinib, the former displayed better binding. Eltrombopag inhibited the stand-alone S. typhi culture with an IC50 of 38 μM. The effect was much more pronounced on THP-1-derived macrophages (T1Mac) infected with S. typhi where colony formation was severely hindered with IC50 reduced further to 10 μM. Apoptotic protease activating factor1 (Apaf1), a key molecule for intrinsic apoptosis, was identified as an StCAP-interacting partner by pull-down assay against T1Mac. Further, StCAP-transfected T1Mac showed a significant increase in LC3 II (autophagy marker) expression and downregulation of caspase 3 protein. From these experiments, we conclude that StCAP provides a crucial survival advantage to S. typhi during infection, thereby making it a potent alternative therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Singh
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Shubham Vashishtha
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ankan Chakraborty
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sheetal Thakur
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Bishwajit Kundu
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
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5
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Ciani L, Libonati A, Dri M, Pomella S, Campanella V, Barillari G. About a Possible Impact of Endodontic Infections by Fusobacterium nucleatum or Porphyromonas gingivalis on Oral Carcinogenesis: A Literature Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5083. [PMID: 38791123 PMCID: PMC11121237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is linked to the onset and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), an epidemiologically frequent and clinically aggressive malignancy. In this context, Fusobacterium (F.) nucleatum and Porphyromonas (P.) gingivalis, two bacteria that cause periodontitis, are found in OSCC tissues as well as in oral premalignant lesions, where they exert pro-tumorigenic activities. Since the two bacteria are present also in endodontic diseases, playing a role in their pathogenesis, here we analyze the literature searching for information on the impact that endodontic infection by P. gingivalis or F. nucleatum could have on cellular and molecular events involved in oral carcinogenesis. Results from the reviewed papers indicate that infection by P. gingivalis and/or F. nucleatum triggers the production of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors in dental pulp cells or periodontal cells, affecting the survival, proliferation, invasion, and differentiation of OSCC cells. In addition, the two bacteria and the cytokines they induce halt the differentiation and stimulate the proliferation and invasion of stem cells populating the dental pulp or the periodontium. Although most of the literature confutes the possibility that bacteria-induced endodontic inflammatory diseases could impact on oral carcinogenesis, the papers we have analyzed and discussed herein recommend further investigations on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ciani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (S.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Antonio Libonati
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Catholic University of Our Lady of Good Counsel of Tirane, 1001 Tirana, Albania;
| | - Maria Dri
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Silvia Pomella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (S.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Campanella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (S.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Giovanni Barillari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (S.P.); (V.C.)
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Metsäniitty M, Hasnat S, Öhman C, Salo T, Eklund KK, Oscarsson J, Salem A. Extracellular vesicles from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans exhibit potential antitumorigenic effects in oral cancer: a comparative in vitro study. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:244. [PMID: 38702412 PMCID: PMC11068833 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03976-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an opportunistic Gram-negative periodontopathogen strongly associated with periodontitis and infective endocarditis. Recent evidence suggests that periodontopathogens can influence the initiation and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Herein we aimed to investigate the effect of A. actinomycetemcomitans-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) on OSCC cell behavior compared with EVs from periodontopathogens known to associate with carcinogenesis. EVs were isolated from: A. actinomycetemcomitans and its mutant strains lacking the cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Fusobacterium nucleatum; and Parvimonas micra. The effect of EVs on primary and metastatic OSCC cells was assessed using cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and tubulogenesis assays. A. actinomycetemcomitans-derived EVs reduced the metastatic cancer cell proliferation, invasion, tubulogenesis, and increased apoptosis, mostly in CDT- and LPS O-antigen-dependent manner. EVs from F. nucleatum impaired the metastatic cancer cell proliferation and induced the apoptosis rates in all OSCC cell lines. EVs enhanced cancer cell migration regardless of bacterial species. In sum, this is the first study demonstrating the influence of A. actinomycetemcomitans-derived EVs on oral cancer in comparison with other periodontopathogens. Our findings revealed a potential antitumorigenic effect of these EVs on metastatic OSCC cells, which warrants further in vivo investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjut Metsäniitty
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Shrabon Hasnat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Carina Öhman
- Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, 90187, Sweden
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Kari K Eklund
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), Research Program Unit (RPU), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Jan Oscarsson
- Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, 90187, Sweden
| | - Abdelhakim Salem
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.
- Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), Research Program Unit (RPU), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.
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Blancas-Luciano BE, Becker-Fauser I, Zamora-Chimal J, Jiménez-García L, Lara-Martínez R, Pérez-Torres A, González del Pliego M, Aguirre-Benítez EL, Fernández-Presas AM. Cystatin C: immunoregulation role in macrophages infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17252. [PMID: 38708345 PMCID: PMC11067906 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease, characterized by an exacerbated inflammatory response and a progressive loss of the supporting tissues of the teeth. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a key etiologic agent in periodontitis. Cystatin C is an antimicrobial salivary peptide that inhibits the growth of P. gingivalis. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of this peptide and its effect on cytokine production, nitric oxide (NO) release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and programmed cell death in human macrophages infected with P. gingivalis. Methods Monocyte-derived macrophages generated from peripheral blood were infected with P. gingivalis (MOI 1:10) and stimulated with cystatin C (2.75 µg/ml) for 24 h. The intracellular localization of P. gingivalis and cystatin C was determined by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The intracellular antimicrobial activity of cystatin C in macrophages was assessed by counting Colony Forming Units (CFU). ELISA assay was performed to assess inflammatory (TNFα, IL-1β) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines. The production of nitrites and ROS was analyzed by Griess reaction and incubation with 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA), respectively. Programmed cell death was assessed with the TUNEL assay, Annexin-V, and caspase activity was also determined. Results Our results showed that cystatin C inhibits the extracellular growth of P. gingivalis. In addition, this peptide is internalized in the infected macrophage, decreases the intracellular bacterial load, and reduces the production of inflammatory cytokines and NO. Interestingly, peptide treatment increased ROS production and substantially decreased bacterial-induced macrophage apoptosis. Conclusions Cystatin C has antimicrobial and immuno-regulatory activity in macrophages infected with P. gingivalis. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the properties of cystatin C for its possible therapeutic use against oral infections such as periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Esther Blancas-Luciano
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitologia, Facultad de Medicina, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ingeborg Becker-Fauser
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Hospital General de México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Zamora-Chimal
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Hospital General de México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Jiménez-García
- Departamento de Biología Celular. Facultad de Ciencias, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Reyna Lara-Martínez
- Departamento de Biología Celular. Facultad de Ciencias, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Armando Pérez-Torres
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Tisular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Margarita González del Pliego
- Departamento de Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Elsa Liliana Aguirre-Benítez
- Departamento de Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ana María Fernández-Presas
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitologia, Facultad de Medicina, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Huixquilucan, Universidad Anáhuac, Estado de México, México
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Li C, Li M, Wei W, Wang Z, Yu J, Gong Z. Association of DOK3 and infiltrated tumor-associated macrophages with risk for the prognosis of Porphyromonas gingivalis-infected oral cancer: a 12-year data analysis of 200 patients from a tertiary teaching hospital, Urumqi, China. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:534. [PMID: 38671413 PMCID: PMC11055382 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12300-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While there is an understanding of the association between the expression of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), significance specially to address the relevance between different immunohistochemical intensities of P. gingivalis and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in OSCC tissue and related clinicopathologic characteristics has not been well investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the pathological features related to M2-TAM in P. gingivalis-infected OSCC and ascertain its clinical relevance with patients' prognosis. METHODS A prospective cohort study was designed to comparatively analyze 200 patients from June 2008 to June 2020. Bioinformatics analyses were implemented to identify DOK3 as a key molecule and to appraise immunocyte infiltration using Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. Immunohistochemical evaluation was performed to analyze the association between the expression levels of P. gingivalis, DOK3, and M2-TAM and clinicopathological variables using Fisher's exact test or Pearson's chi-square test. Cox analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for various clinicopathological features. The Kaplan-Meier approach and log-rank test were used to plot the survival curves. RESULTS The expression level of P. gingivalis was positively associated with DOK3 and M2-TAMs expression level (P < 0.001). Parameters, including body mass index, clinical stage, recurrence, tumor differentiation, and P. gingivalis, DOK3, and M2-TAM immunoexpression levels, affected the prognosis of patients with OSCC (all P < 0.05). In addition, P. gingivalis (HR = 1.674, 95%CI 1.216-4.142, P = 0.012), DOK3 (HR = 1.881, 95%CI 1.433-3.457, P = 0.042), and M2-TAM (HR = 1.649, 95%CI 0.824-3.082, P = 0.034) were significantly associated with the 10-year cumulative survival rate. CONCLUSIONS Elevated expression of P. gingivalis and DOK3 indicates M2-TAM infiltration and unfavorable prognosis of OSCC, and could be considered as three novel independent risk factors for predicting the prognosis of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology & Surgery, School / Hospital of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, P.R. China.
- Stomatological Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830054, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Muqiu Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology & Surgery, School / Hospital of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, P.R. China
- Stomatological Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology & Surgery, School / Hospital of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, P.R. China
- Stomatological Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Zhengye Wang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Urumqi, 830092, China
| | - Jingwen Yu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Zhongcheng Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology & Surgery, School / Hospital of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, P.R. China.
- Stomatological Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830054, China.
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Chang KW, Mazul AL, Lander DP, Wahle BM, Yan EZ, Thorstad WL, Puram SV, Jackson RS, Pipkorn P, Paniello RC, Zolkind PA, Olshan AF, Zevallos JP. Poor Dental Health as a Risk Factor for Alveolar Ridge Malignancies. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 170:1081-1090. [PMID: 38219743 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between poor dental health and risk of oral cavity squamous cell cancer (OCSCC) at individual tumor subsites. STUDY DESIGN Case-control and cross-sectional METHODS: A case-control study was performed using a population-based cohort in North Carolina (Carolina Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Study [CHANCE]). A secondary cross-sectional analysis was performed with an institutional cohort (WashU/Siteman). Cases were adults with primary OCSCC and an identifiable tumor subsite. In the CHANCE cohort, controls were adults without head and neck cancer. In the Washington University/Siteman cohort, patients with tongue cancer served as the comparator group. We used number of missing teeth (categorized 0-6, 7-24, 25-28) as a surrogate for poor dental health, which was self-reported in CHANCE and measured on a pretreatment computed tomography scan in the WashU/Siteman study. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for missing teeth were estimated for each tumor subsite using binomial logistic regression models. RESULTS Near complete tooth loss (25-28 teeth) was associated with a 3.5-fold increased risk of alveolar ridge malignancy (aOR: 3.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-11.01, P = .03) in the CHANCE study. This association was confirmed in our cross-sectional analysis (WashU/Siteman study) where missing 25-28 teeth was associated with an increased risk of alveolar ridge compared to tongue cancer (aOR: 4.60; 95% CI: 1.97-11.10, P = .001). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests an association between poor dental health and risk of alveolar ridge cancer independent of smoking, alcohol use, age, race, and sex. Future prospective and translational studies are needed to confirm this association and elucidate the mechanism of dental disease in alveolar ridge malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine W Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Angela L Mazul
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daniel P Lander
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Benjamin M Wahle
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Emily Z Yan
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Wade L Thorstad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sidharth V Puram
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ryan S Jackson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Patrik Pipkorn
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Randal C Paniello
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Paul A Zolkind
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jose P Zevallos
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, USA
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10
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Verma A, Azhar G, Patyal P, Zhang W, Zhang X, Wei JY. Proteomic analysis of P. gingivalis-Lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation in SH-SY5Y and HMC3 cells. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01117-z. [PMID: 38507186 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01117-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic periodontitis and its keystone pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis, have increasingly been linked with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, P.gingivalis-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mediated release of neuroinflammatory proteins contributes to AD remains underexplored. In this study, we utilized data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry to characterize P.gingivalis-LPS induced profile of differentially expressed proteins associated with the neuroinflammatory response in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and human microglial (HMC3) cells. We reported a set of 124 proteins in SH-SY5Y cells and 96 proteins in HMC3 cells whose levels were significantly upregulated or downregulated by exposure to P. gingivalis-LPS. Our findings demonstrate that P. gingivalis-LPS contributed to the elevated expressions of dementia biomarkers and pro-inflammatory cytokines that include APP, Aβ1-42, Aβ1-40, T-Tau, p-Tau, VEGF, TGF-β, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α through 2 distinct pathways of extracellular sensing by cell surface receptors and intracellular cytosolic receptors. Interestingly, intracellular signaling proteins activated with P. gingivalis-LPS transfection using Lipofectamine™ 2000 had significantly higher fold change protein expression compared to the extracellular signaling with P. gingivalis-LPS treatment. Additionally, we also explored P. gingivalis-LPS mediated activation of caspase-4 dependent non canonical inflammasome pathway in both SH-SY5Y and HMC3 cells. In summary, P. gingivalis-LPS induced neuroinflammatory protein expression in SH-SY5Y and HMC3 cells, provided insights into the specific inflammatory pathways underlying the potential link between P. gingivalis-LPS infection and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambika Verma
- Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynolds Institute On Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Gohar Azhar
- Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynolds Institute On Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Pankaj Patyal
- Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynolds Institute On Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynolds Institute On Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Jeanne Y Wei
- Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynolds Institute On Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
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11
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Deng Y, Xiao J, Ma L, Wang C, Wang X, Huang X, Cao Z. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Periodontitis and Associated Systemic Diseases: Implications for Pathomechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1024. [PMID: 38256098 PMCID: PMC10816612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disorder damaging periodontal tissues, including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. It arises from the complex interplay between pathogenic oral bacteria and host immune response. Contrary to the previous view of "energy factories", mitochondria have recently been recognized as semi-autonomous organelles that fine-tune cell survival, death, metabolism, and other functions. Under physiological conditions, periodontal tissue cells participate in dynamic processes, including differentiation, mineralization, and regeneration. These fundamental activities depend on properly functioning mitochondria, which play a crucial role through bioenergetics, dynamics, mitophagy, and quality control. However, during the initiation and progression of periodontitis, mitochondrial quality control is compromised due to a range of challenges, such as bacterial-host interactions, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Currently, mounting evidence suggests that mitochondria dysfunction serves as a common pathological mechanism linking periodontitis with systemic conditions like type II diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, targeting mitochondria to intervene in periodontitis and multiple associated systemic diseases holds great therapeutic potential. This review provides advanced insights into the interplay between mitochondria, periodontitis, and associated systemic diseases. Moreover, we emphasize the significance of diverse therapeutic modulators and signaling pathways that regulate mitochondrial function in periodontal and systemic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Junhong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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12
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Luo S, Xu T, Zheng Q, Jiang A, Zhao J, Ying Y, Liu N, Pan Y, Zhang D. Mitochondria: An Emerging Unavoidable Link in the Pathogenesis of Periodontitis Caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:737. [PMID: 38255811 PMCID: PMC10815845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a key pathogen of periodontitis. Increasing evidence shows that P. gingivalis signals to mitochondria in periodontal cells, including gingival epithelial cells, gingival fibroblast cells, immune cells, etc. Mitochondrial dysfunction affects the cellular state and participates in periodontal inflammatory response through the aberrant release of mitochondrial contents. In the current review, it was summarized that P. gingivalis induced mitochondrial dysfunction by altering the mitochondrial metabolic state, unbalancing mitochondrial quality control, prompting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and regulating mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. This review outlines the impacts of P. gingivalis and its virulence factors on the mitochondrial function of periodontal cells and their role in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyin Luo
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China; (S.L.); (T.X.); (Q.Z.); (A.J.); (J.Z.); (Y.Y.); (N.L.)
| | - Tong Xu
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China; (S.L.); (T.X.); (Q.Z.); (A.J.); (J.Z.); (Y.Y.); (N.L.)
| | - Qifan Zheng
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China; (S.L.); (T.X.); (Q.Z.); (A.J.); (J.Z.); (Y.Y.); (N.L.)
| | - Aijia Jiang
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China; (S.L.); (T.X.); (Q.Z.); (A.J.); (J.Z.); (Y.Y.); (N.L.)
| | - Jiahui Zhao
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China; (S.L.); (T.X.); (Q.Z.); (A.J.); (J.Z.); (Y.Y.); (N.L.)
| | - Yue Ying
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China; (S.L.); (T.X.); (Q.Z.); (A.J.); (J.Z.); (Y.Y.); (N.L.)
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China; (S.L.); (T.X.); (Q.Z.); (A.J.); (J.Z.); (Y.Y.); (N.L.)
| | - Yaping Pan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China;
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China;
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13
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Wang J, Gao B. Mechanisms and Potential Clinical Implications of Oral Microbiome in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Curr Oncol 2023; 31:168-182. [PMID: 38248096 PMCID: PMC10814288 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms in the oral cavity are abundant in the human body. At present, more than 700 species of oral microorganisms have been identified. Recently, a lot of literature has indicated that the oral microbiota plays an important role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) through various mechanisms. And researchers are now trying to utilize oral microbiota in cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, few articles systematically summarize the effects of oral microbes in the diagnosis, treatment, and disease outcomes of oral cancer. Herein, we made a summary of the microbial changes at cancerous sites and placed more emphasis on the mechanisms by which the oral microbiome promotes cancerization. Moreover, we aimed to find out the clinical value of the oral microbiome in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
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14
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Pacheco-Yanes J, Reynolds E, Li J, Mariño E. Microbiome-targeted interventions for the control of oral-gut dysbiosis and chronic systemic inflammation. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:912-925. [PMID: 37730461 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Recent research has confirmed the strong connection between imbalances in the oral and gut microbiome (oral-gut dysbiosis), periodontitis, and inflammatory conditions such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and cardiovascular diseases. Microbiome modulation is crucial for preventing and treating several autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis. However, the causal relationships between the microbiome and its derived metabolites that mediate periodontitis and chronic inflammation constitute a notable knowledge gap. Here we review the mechanisms involved in the microbiome-host crosstalk, and describe novel precision medicine for the control of systemic inflammation. As microbiome-targeted therapies begin to enter clinical trials, the success of these approaches relies upon understanding these reciprocal microbiome-host interactions, and it may provide new therapeutic avenues to reduce the risk of periodontitis-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pacheco-Yanes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric Reynolds
- Oral Health Collaborative Research Centre, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eliana Mariño
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; ImmunoBiota Therapeutics Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia.
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15
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Wang XL, Xu HW, Liu NN. Oral Microbiota: A New Insight into Cancer Progression, Diagnosis and Treatment. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 3:535-547. [PMID: 37881320 PMCID: PMC10593652 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-023-00124-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The polymorphic microbiome has been defined as one of the "Hallmarks of Cancer". Extensive studies have now uncovered the role of oral microbiota in cancer development and progression. Bacteria, fungi, archaea, and viruses in the oral cavity interact dynamically with the oral microenvironment to maintain the oral micro-ecological homeostasis. This complex interaction is influenced by many factors, such as maternal transmission, personal factors and environmental factors. Dysbiosis of oral microbiota can disturbed this host-microbiota interaction, leading to systemic diseases. Numerous studies have shown the potential associations between oral microbiota and a variety of cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic insights are still poorly understood. In this review, we mainly focus on the following aspects: (1) the factors affect oral microbiota composition and function; (2) the interaction between microenvironment and oral microbiota; (3) the role of multi-kingdom oral microbiota in human health; (4) the potential underlying mechanisms and therapeutic benefits of oral microbiota against cancer. Finally, we aim to describe the impact of oral microbiota on cancer progression and provide novel therapeutic insights into cancer prevention and treatment by targeting oral microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Hua-Wen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Ning-Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025 China
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16
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Huang Y, Zhang L, Tan L, Zhang C, Li X, Wang P, Gao L, Zhao C. Interleukin-22 Inhibits Apoptosis of Gingival Epithelial Cells Through TGF-β Signaling Pathway During Periodontitis. Inflammation 2023; 46:1871-1886. [PMID: 37310646 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01847-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. The gingival epithelium is the first barrier of periodontal tissue against oral pathogens and harmful substances. The structure and function of epithelial lining are essential for maintaining the integrity of the epithelial barrier. Abnormal apoptosis can lead to the decrease of functional keratinocytes and break homeostasis in gingival epithelium. Interleukin-22 is a cytokine that plays an important role in epithelial homeostasis in intestinal epithelium, inducing proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis, but its role in gingival epithelium is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of interleukin-22 on apoptosis of gingival epithelial cells during periodontitis. Interleukin-22 topical injection and Il22 gene knockout were performed in experimental periodontitis mice. Human gingival epithelial cells were co-cultured with Porphyromonas gingivalis with interleukin-22 treatment. We found that interleukin-22 inhibited apoptosis of gingival epithelial cells during periodontitis in vivo and in vitro, decreasing Bax expression and increasing Bcl-xL expression. As for the underlying mechanisms, we found that interleukin-22 reduced the expression of TGF-β receptor type II and inhibited the phosphorylation of Smad2 in gingival epithelial cells during periodontitis. Blockage of TGF-β receptors attenuated apoptosis induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis and increased Bcl-xL expression stimulated by interleukin-22. These results confirmed the inhibitory effect of interleukin-22 on apoptosis of gingival epithelial cells and revealed the involvement of TGF-β signaling pathway in gingival epithelial cell apoptosis during periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yina Huang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56, Lingyuanxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56, Lingyuanxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingping Tan
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56, Lingyuanxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56, Lingyuanxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiting Li
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56, Lingyuanxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56, Lingyuanxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56, Lingyuanxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510055, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chuanjiang Zhao
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56, Lingyuanxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510055, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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17
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Lamont RJ, Miller DP, Bagaitkar J. Illuminating the oral microbiome: cellular microbiology. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2023; 47:fuad045. [PMID: 37533213 PMCID: PMC10657920 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuad045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells line mucosal surfaces such as in the gingival crevice and provide a barrier to the ingress of colonizing microorganisms. However, epithelial cells are more than a passive barrier to microbial intrusion, and rather constitute an interactive interface with colonizing organisms which senses the composition of the microbiome and communicates this information to the underlying cells of the innate immune system. Microorganisms, for their part, have devised means to manipulate host cell signal transduction pathways to favor their colonization and survival. Study of this field, which has become known as cellular microbiology, has revealed much about epithelial cell physiology, bacterial colonization and pathogenic strategies, and innate host responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, KY40202, United States
| | - Daniel P Miller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, VA23298, United States
| | - Juhi Bagaitkar
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, OH43205, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, OH43210, United States
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18
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Xie H, Qin Z, Ling Z, Ge X, Zhang H, Guo S, Liu L, Zheng K, Jiang H, Xu R. Oral pathogen aggravates atherosclerosis by inducing smooth muscle cell apoptosis and repressing macrophage efferocytosis. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:26. [PMID: 37380627 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00232-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis imparting the increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases is partially due to the immune subversion of the oral pathogen, particularly the Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), by inducing apoptosis. However, it remains obscure whether accumulated apoptotic cells in P. gingivalis-accelerated plaque formation are associated with impaired macrophage clearance. Here, we show that smooth muscle cells (SMCs) have a greater susceptibility to P. gingivalis-induced apoptosis than endothelial cells through TLR2 pathway activation. Meanwhile, large amounts of miR-143/145 in P.gingivalis-infected SMCs are extracellularly released and captured by macrophages. Then, these miR-143/145 are translocated into the nucleus to promote Siglec-G transcription, which represses macrophage efferocytosis. By constructing three genetic mouse models, we further confirm the in vivo roles of TLR2 and miR-143/145 in P. gingivalis-accelerated atherosclerosis. Therapeutically, we develop P.gingivalis-pretreated macrophage membranes to coat metronidazole and anti-Siglec-G antibodies for treating atherosclerosis and periodontitis simultaneously. Our findings extend the knowledge of the mechanism and therapeutic strategy in oral pathogen-associated systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Xie
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyue Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Periodontology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziji Ling
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Ge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuyu Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Laikui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Rongyao Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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19
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Maan M, Abuzayeda M, Kaklamanos EG, Jamal M, Dutta M, Moharamzadeh K. Molecular insights into the role of electronic cigarettes in oral carcinogenesis. Crit Rev Toxicol 2023; 53:1-14. [PMID: 37051806 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2023.2190764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Electronic cigarette (EC) usage or vaping has seen a significant rise in recent years across various parts of the world. They have been publicized as a safe alternative to smoking; however, this is not supported strongly by robust research evidence. Toxicological analysis of EC liquid and aerosol has revealed presence of several toxicants with known carcinogenicity. Oral cavity is the primary site of exposure of both cigarette smoke and EC aerosol. Role of EC in oral cancer is not as well-researched as that of traditional smoking. However, several recent studies have shown that it can lead to a wide range of potentially carcinogenic molecular events in oral cells. This review delineates the oral carcinogenesis potential of ECs at the molecular level, providing a summary of the effects of EC usage on cancer therapy resistance, cancer stem cells (CSCs), immune evasion, and microbiome dysbiosis, all of which may lead to increased tumor malignancy and poorer patient prognosis. This review of literature indicates that ECs may not be as safe as they are perceived to be, however further research is needed to definitively determine their oncogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenu Maan
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, UAE
| | - Moosa Abuzayeda
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, UAE
| | - Eleftherios G Kaklamanos
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, UAE
- School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- School of Dentistry, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Mohamed Jamal
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, UAE
| | - Mainak Dutta
- Department of Biotechnology, BITS Pilani, Dubai Campus, Academic City, Dubai, UAE
| | - Keyvan Moharamzadeh
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, UAE
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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20
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Doğan B, Ayar B, Pirim D. Investigation of putative roles of smoking-associated salivary microbiome alterations on carcinogenesis by integrative in silico analysis. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 102:107805. [PMID: 36587566 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2022.107805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that cigarette smoking alters the salivary microbiome composition and affects the risk of various complex diseases including cancer. However, the potential role of the smoking-associated microbiome in cancer development remains unexplained. Here, the putative roles of smoking-related microbiome alterations in carcinogenesis were investigated by in silico analysis and suggested evidence can be further explored by experimental methodologies. The Disbiome database was used to extract smoking-associated microbial taxa in saliva and taxon set enrichment analysis (TSEA) was conducted to identify the gene sets associated with extracted microbial taxa. We further analyzed the expression profiles of identified genes by using RNA-sequencing data from TCGA and GTEx projects. Associations of the genes with smoking-related phenotypes in cancer datasets were analyzed to prioritize genes for their interplay between smoking-related microbiome and carcinogenesis. Thirty-eight microbial taxa associated with smoking were included in the TSEA and this revealed sixteen genes that were significantly associated with smoking-associated microbial taxa. All genes were found to be differentially expressed in at least one cancer dataset, yet the ELF3 and CTSH were the most common differentially expressed genes giving significant results for several cancer types. Moreover, C2CD3, CTSH, DSC3, ELF3, RHOT2, and WSB2 showed statistically significant associations with smoking-related phenotypes in cancer datasets. This study provides in silico evidence for the potential roles of the salivary microbiome on carcinogenesis. The results shed light on the importance of smoking cessation strategies for cancer management and interventions to stratify smokers for their risk of smoking-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berkcan Doğan
- Bursa Uludag University, Institute of Health Science, Department of Translational Medicine, 16059 Bursa, Turkey; Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, 16059 Bursa, Turkey
| | - Berna Ayar
- Bursa Uludag University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 16059 Bursa, Turkey; Istinye University, Institute of Health Science, Department of Molecular Oncology, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Pirim
- Bursa Uludag University, Institute of Health Science, Department of Translational Medicine, 16059 Bursa, Turkey; Bursa Uludag University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 16059 Bursa, Turkey.
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21
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Yamamoto A, Kambara Y, Fujiwara H. Impact of oral microbiota on pathophysiology of GVHD. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1132983. [PMID: 36969182 PMCID: PMC10033631 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1132983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic transplantation of hematopoietic cells is the only curative therapy for several hematopoietic disease in which patients receive cytotoxic conditioning regimens followed by infusion of hematopoietic stem cells. Although the outcomes have improved over the past decades, graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD), the most common life-threatening complication, remains a major cause of non-relapse morbidity and mortality. Pathophysiology of acute GVHD characterized by host antigen-presenting cells after tissue damage and donor T-cells is well studied, and additionally the importance of recipient microbiota in the intestine is elucidated in the GVHD setting. Oral microbiota is the second most abundant bacterial flora in the body after the intestinal tract, and it is related to chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis. Recently, composition of the oral microbiome in GVHD related to transplantation has been characterized and several common patterns, dysbiosis and enrichment of the specific bacterial groups, have been reported. This review focuses on the role of the oral microbiota in the context of GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Yamamoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yui Kambara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujiwara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hideaki Fujiwara,
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22
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Virulence Factors of the Periodontal Pathogens: Tools to Evade the Host Immune Response and Promote Carcinogenesis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11010115. [PMID: 36677408 PMCID: PMC9860638 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is the most common chronic, inflammatory oral disease that affects more than half of the population in the United States. The disease leads to destruction of the tooth-supporting tissue called periodontium, which ultimately results in tooth loss if uncured. The interaction between the periodontal microbiota and the host immune cells result in the induction of a non-protective host immune response that triggers host tissue destruction. Certain pathogens have been implicated periodontal disease formation that is triggered by a plethora of virulence factors. There is a collective evidence on the impact of periodontal disease progression on systemic health. Of particular interest, the role of the virulence factors of the periodontal pathogens in facilitating the evasion of the host immune cells and promotion of carcinogenesis has been the focus of many researchers. The aim of this review is to examine the influence of the periodontal pathogens Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) in the modulation of the intracellular signaling pathways of the host cells in order to evade the host immune response and interfere with normal host cell death and the role of their virulence factors in this regard.
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23
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Immunometabolic and potential tumor-promoting changes in 3D cervical cell models infected with bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria. Commun Biol 2022; 5:725. [PMID: 35869172 PMCID: PMC9307755 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03681-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSpecific bacteria of the human microbiome influence carcinogenesis at diverse anatomical sites. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal disorder in premenopausal women that is associated with gynecologic sequelae, including cervical cancer. BV-associated microorganisms, such as Fusobacterium, Lancefieldella, Peptoniphilus, and Porphyromonas have been associated with gynecologic and other cancers, though the pro-oncogenic mechanisms employed by these bacteria are poorly understood. Here, we integrated a multi-omics approach with our three-dimensional (3-D) cervical epithelial cell culture model to investigate how understudied BV-associated bacteria linked to gynecologic neoplasia influence hallmarks of cancer in vitro. Lancefieldella parvulum and Peptoniphilus lacrimalis elicited robust proinflammatory responses in 3-D cervical cells. Fusobacterium nucleatum and Fusobacterium gonidiaformans modulated metabolic hallmarks of cancer corresponding to accumulation of 2-hydroxyglutarate, pro-inflammatory lipids, and signs of oxidative stress and genotoxic hydrogen sulfide. This study provides mechanistic insights into how gynecologic cancer-associated bacteria might facilitate a tumor-promoting microenvironment in the human cervix.
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Bhuyan R, Bhuyan SK, Mohanty JN, Das S, Juliana N, Abu IF. Periodontitis and Its Inflammatory Changes Linked to Various Systemic Diseases: A Review of Its Underlying Mechanisms. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102659. [PMID: 36289921 PMCID: PMC9599402 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gums. The incidence of periodontitis is increasing all over the world. In patients with periodontitis, there is gradual destruction of the periodontal ligament and the alveolar bone, and later, in advanced stages, there is tooth loss. Different microorganisms, the host’s immune response, and various environmental factors interact in the progression of this chronic inflammatory disease. In the present review, we discuss the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and complications of periodontitis. We also discuss the association of chronic inflammation found in periodontitis with various other systemic diseases, which include cardiovascular, respiratory, diabetes, Alzheimer’s, cancer, adverse pregnancy, and multiple myeloma, and also highlight microbial carcinogenesis and the microRNAs involved. The latest updates on the molecular mechanism, possible biomarkers, and treatment procedures may be beneficial for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Bhuyan
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University (Deemed to be), Bhubaneswar 751003, India
- Department of Medical Research, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University (Deemed to be), Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Sanat Kumar Bhuyan
- Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University (Deemed to be), Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Jatindra Nath Mohanty
- Department of Medical Research, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University (Deemed to be), Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Srijit Das
- School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Jatni, Bhubaneswar 752050, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Norsham Juliana
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Izuddin Fahmy Abu
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
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25
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Stem cell microencapsulation maintains stemness in inflammatory microenvironment. Int J Oral Sci 2022; 14:48. [PMID: 36216801 PMCID: PMC9551082 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00198-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining the stemness of the transplanted stem cell spheroids in an inflammatory microenvironment is challenging but important in regenerative medicine. Direct delivery of stem cells to repair periodontal defects may yield suboptimal effects due to the complexity of the periodontal inflammatory environment. Herein, stem cell spheroid is encapsulated by interfacial assembly of metal-phenolic network (MPN) nanofilm to form a stem cell microsphere capsule. Specifically, periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) spheroid was coated with FeIII/tannic acid coordination network to obtain spheroid@[FeIII-TA] microcapsules. The formed biodegradable MPN biointerface acted as a cytoprotective barrier and exhibited antioxidative, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, effectively remodeling the inflammatory microenvironment and maintaining the stemness of PDLSCs. The stem cell microencapsulation proposed in this study can be applied to multiple stem cells with various functional metal ion/polyphenol coordination, providing a simple yet efficient delivery strategy for stem cell stemness maintenance in an inflammatory environment toward a better therapeutic outcome.
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Lenka S, Bhuyan SK, Bhuyan R. Understanding the characteristics of the host genome and microbiome interaction in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00306-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Oral health status is directly associated with microbes present within it. The abundance of microbes at the OSCC site is more than at its control site, representing its possible role in the progression of OSCC development. Dysbiosis of oral microbiota could be a crucial etiological risk factor in the elevation of OSCC. This study aimed to analyze and assess: a) positive regulator microbes of oral cancer and their abundance at the cancer site, b) pathways involved in positive regulator microbes, and c) identification of the most virulent oral oncogenic microbe.
Main body
It is obtained from several studies that microbes belonging to Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Alloprevotella, Capnocytophaga, Porphyromonas, Campylobacter, and Aggregatibacter are detected to be more in number contrast to healthy sites. Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Candida albicans show molecular pathways linked with OSCC development. Genes encoding for virulent factors like FimA, Gingipains, lipopolysaccharide (P. gingivalis), FadA, Fap2 (F. nucleatum), and zymosan (C. Albicans) are directly involved in elevating oral cancer.
Conclusion
Mostly, the genes that are involved in promoting oral cancer are the genes that generally encode cell wall proteins. The cell wall proteins that is FadA, Fap, and FimA interact with the host's cell and hamper the normal regulation pathway, which leads to activation of cell proliferating pathways, down-regulates apoptotic pathways, cytoskeleton rearrangement, and upregulates the cell cycle checkpoint regulators; as a result, progression of oral cancer occurs.
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27
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Savitha JN, Bhavya B, Yadalam U, Khan SF. Detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis in umbilical cord blood of new-born and in subgingival plaque of pregnant participants with periodontal disease and its association with pregnancy outcomes: An observational study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2022; 26:365-372. [PMID: 35959303 PMCID: PMC9362802 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_45_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Preterm low birth weight (PLBW) is one of the causes of infant mortality and morbidity. Most of the studies have indicated the periodontal-systemic interlink. The association of periodontal pathogen on pregnancy outcome still stands inconclusive. The aim of the study was to detect the prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in umbilical cord blood of new-born infant and correlate the same pathogen in subgingival plaque of pregnant women and to determine the adverse pregnancy outcomes and also to determine the correlation between periodontitis and the association of P. gingivalis in preterm birth/low birth. Materials and Methods: The present study included 130 pregnant participants in their full-term and preterm delivery with periodontitis. Periodontal disease was diagnosed clinically using gingival index, pocket depth, plaque index, and clinical attachment level. Umbilical cord blood samples and plaque samples collected using Gracey curette were subjected to culture for the detection of P. gingivalis. The results were subjected to the statistical analysis using the SPSS software. Results: The comparison of P. gingivalis in umbilical cord blood and plaque between preterm and full-term group was found to be significantly increased in preterm group. A statistically significant difference was also seen for the clinical parameters between the two groups, with increased values seen in case of preterm labor. Odd's ratio on the comparison of prevalence of periodontitis among full term and preterm group was statistically significant in preterm birth as compared with full-term birth. Conclusion: The study results showed statistically significant association of P. gingivalis with PLBW. Periodontal disease significantly affects the adverse pregnancy outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Savitha
- Community Health Center, Shantigrama, Hassan, Karnataka, India
| | - B Bhavya
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Umesh Yadalam
- Department of Periodontics, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Safiya Fatima Khan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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28
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Avula H, Chakravarthy Y. Models of periodontal disease pathogenesis: A journey through time. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2022; 26:204-212. [PMID: 35602539 PMCID: PMC9118949 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_294_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Models of pathogenesis help in integrating the data available from current scientific research, which aid in comprehensive understanding of the disease. This stereotypic representation of a disease in the form of a conceptual model helps in translation of new information into practical applications. The evolution in the knowledge of pathogenesis of periodontal disease can lead to a revolution in treatment modalities. The true purpose of pathogenesis models is to highlight the key aspects that need the main focus. Various models of periodontal disease pathogenesis have been proposed based on the prevailing concepts of the disease at that point of time. The aim of the present review is to outline the vital aspects of existing models of periodontal disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haritha Avula
- Department of Periodontics, Sri Balaji Dental College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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29
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Lamont RJ, Fitzsimonds ZR, Wang H, Gao S. Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in oral and orodigestive squamous cell carcinoma. Periodontol 2000 2022; 89:154-165. [PMID: 35244980 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oral and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas harbor a diverse microbiome that differs compositionally from precancerous and healthy tissues. Though causality is yet to be definitively established, emerging trends implicate periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis as associated with the cancerous state. Moreover, infection with P. gingivalis correlates with a poor prognosis, and P. gingivalis is oncopathogenic in animal models. Mechanistically, properties of P. gingivalis that have been established in vitro and could promote tumor development include induction of a dysbiotic inflammatory microenvironment, inhibition of apoptosis, increased cell proliferation, enhanced angiogenesis, activation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and production of carcinogenic metabolites. The microbial community context is also relevant to oncopathogenicity, and consortia of P. gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum are synergistically pathogenic in oral cancer models in vivo. In contrast, oral streptococci, such as Streptococcus gordonii, can antagonize protumorigenic epithelial cell phenotypes induced by P. gingivalis, indicating functionally specialized roles for bacteria in oncogenic communities. Consistent with the notion of the bacterial community constituting the etiologic unit, metatranscriptomic data indicate that functional, rather than compositional, properties of the tumor-associated communities have more relevance to cancer development. A consistent association of P. gingivalis with oral and orodigestive carcinoma could have diagnostic potential for early detection of these conditions that have a high incidence and low survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Zackary R Fitzsimonds
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Huizhi Wang
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, VCU School of Dentistry, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Shegan Gao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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30
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El-Awady AR, Elashiry M, Morandini AC, Meghil MM, Cutler CW. Dendritic cells a critical link to alveolar bone loss and systemic disease risk in periodontitis: Immunotherapeutic implications. Periodontol 2000 2022; 89:41-50. [PMID: 35244951 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research in humans and animal models has begun to unravel the complex mechanisms that drive the immunopathogenesis of periodontitis. Neutrophils mount an early and rapid response to the subgingival oral microbiome, producing destructive enzymes to kill microbes. Chemokines and cytokines are released that attract macrophages, dendritic cells, and T cells to the site. Dendritic cells, the focus of this review, are professional antigen-presenting cells on the front line of immune surveillance. Dendritic cells consist of multiple subsets that reside in the epithelium, connective tissues, and major organs. Our work in humans and mice established that myeloid dendritic cells are mobilized in periodontitis. This occurs in lymphoid and nonlymphoid oral tissues, in the bloodstream, and in response to Porphyromonas gingivalis. Moreover, the dendritic cells mature in situ in gingival lamina propria, forming immune conjugates with cluster of differentiation (CD) 4+ T cells, called oral lymphoid foci. At such foci, the decisions are made as to whether to promote bone destructive T helper 17 or bone-sparing regulatory T cell responses. Interestingly, dendritic cells lack potent enzymes and reactive oxygen species needed to kill and degrade endocytosed microbes. The keystone pathogen P. gingivalis exploits this vulnerability by invading dendritic cells in the tissues and peripheral blood using its distinct fimbrial adhesins. This promotes pathogen dissemination and inflammatory disease at distant sites, such as atherosclerotic plaques. Interestingly, our recent studies indicate that such P. gingivalis-infected dendritic cells release nanosized extracellular vesicles called exosomes, in higher numbers than uninfected dendritic cells do. Secreted exosomes and inflammasome-related cytokines are a key feature of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Exosomes communicate in paracrine with neighboring stromal cells and immune cells to promote and amplify cellular senescence. We have shown that dendritic cell-derived exosomes can be custom tailored to target and reprogram specific immune cells responsible for inflammatory bone loss in mice. The long-term goal of these immunotherapeutic approaches, ongoing in our laboratory and others, is to promote human health and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed R El-Awady
- Department of Periodontics, Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mahmoud Elashiry
- Department of Periodontics, Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ana C Morandini
- Department of Periodontics, Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mohamed M Meghil
- Department of Periodontics, Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Christopher W Cutler
- Department of Periodontics, Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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Yang S, Yu W, Zhang J, Han X, Wang J, Sun D, Shi R, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Zhao J. The antibacterial property of zinc oxide/graphene oxide modified porous polyetheretherketone against S. sanguinis, F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 35114651 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac51ba] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
About 30% failures of implant are caused by peri-implantitis. Subgingival plaque, consisting of S. sanguinis, F. nucleatum, P. gingivalis et. al, is the initiating factor of peri-implantitis. Polyetheretherketone(PEEK) is widely used for the fabrication of implant abutment, healing cap and temporary abutment in dental applications. As a biologically inert material, PEEK has shown poor antibacterial properties. To promote the antibacterial activity of PEEK, we loaded ZnO/GO on sulfonated PEEK. We screened out that when mass ratio of ZnO/GO was 4:1, dip-coating time was 25 min, ZnO/GO modified SPEEK shown the best physical and chemical properties. At the meantime, the ZnO/GO-SPEEK samples possess a good biocompatibility. The ZnO/GO-SPEEK inhibits P. gingivalis obviously, and could exert an antibacterial activity to S. sanguinis in the early stage, prevents biofilm formation effectively. With the favorable in vitro performances, the modification of PEEK with ZnO/GO is promising for preventing peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Dental Implantology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, CHINA
| | - Wanqi Yu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Dental Implantology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, CHINA
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Dental Implantology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, CHINA
| | - Xiao Han
- Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Dental Implantology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, CHINA
| | - Junyan Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Dental Implantology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, CHINA
| | - Duo Sun
- Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Dental Implantology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, CHINA
| | - Ruining Shi
- Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Dental Implantology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, CHINA
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Dental Implantology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, CHINA
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of High Performance Plastic, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, CHINA
| | - Jinghui Zhao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Dental Implantology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, CHINA
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32
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Yu TC, Zhou YL, Fang JY. Oral pathogen in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:273-279. [PMID: 34837266 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The human body contains more than 100 trillion microorganisms, including the oral cavity, the skin, and the gastrointestinal tract. After the gastrointestinal tract, the oral cavity harbors one of the most diverse microbial communities within the human body and harbors more than 770 species of bacteria. The composition of the oral and gut microbiomes is quite different, but there may be a microbiological link between the two mucosal sites during the course of disease. More studies indicate that oral bacteria can disseminate to the distal gut via enteral or hematogenous routes. This is mostly obvious in periodontitis, where specific bacteria, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis, show this pathogenic feature. The translocation of oral microbes to the gut may give rise to a variety of gastrointestinal diseases, including colorectal cancer. However, the precise role that oral microbe play in colorectal cancer has not been fully illustrated. Here, we summarize the current researches on possible pathways of ectopic gut colonization by oral bacteria and their possible contribution to the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Understanding the correlation of the oral-to-gut microbial axis in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer will contribute to precise diagnosis and effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Chung Yu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Lu Zhou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
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Molecular Mechanisms Leading from Periodontal Disease to Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020970. [PMID: 35055157 PMCID: PMC8778447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is prevalent in half of the adult population and raises critical health concerns as it has been recently associated with an increased risk of cancer. While information about the topic remains somewhat scarce, a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanistic pathways promoting neoplasia in periodontitis patients is of fundamental importance. This manuscript presents the literature as well as a panel of tables and figures on the molecular mechanisms of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, two main oral pathogens in periodontitis pathology, involved in instigating tumorigenesis. We also present evidence for potential links between the RANKL–RANK signaling axis as well as circulating cytokines/leukocytes and carcinogenesis. Due to the nonconclusive data associating periodontitis and cancer reported in the case and cohort studies, we examine clinical trials relevant to the topic and summarize their outcome.
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Sędzikowska A, Szablewski L. Human Gut Microbiota in Health and Selected Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13440. [PMID: 34948234 PMCID: PMC8708499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of the epithelial surfaces of our body, and the digestive tract, respiratory and urogenital systems, are colonized by a vast number of bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoans, and viruses. These microbiota, particularly those of the intestines, play an important, beneficial role in digestion, metabolism, and the synthesis of vitamins. Their metabolites stimulate cytokine production by the human host, which are used against potential pathogens. The composition of the microbiota is influenced by several internal and external factors, including diet, age, disease, and lifestyle. Such changes, called dysbiosis, may be involved in the development of various conditions, such as metabolic diseases, including metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Hashimoto's thyroidis and Graves' disease; they can also play a role in nervous system disturbances, such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and depression. An association has also been found between gut microbiota dysbiosis and cancer. Our health is closely associated with the state of our microbiota, and their homeostasis. The aim of this review is to describe the associations between human gut microbiota and cancer, and examine the potential role of gut microbiota in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leszek Szablewski
- Chair and Department of General Biology and Parasitology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland;
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Singh S, Singh AK. Porphyromonas gingivalis in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A review. Microbes Infect 2021; 24:104925. [PMID: 34883247 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2021.104925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer contributes significantly to the global cancer burden. Oral bacteria play an important role in the spread of oral cancer, according to mounting evidence. The most proven instance is the carcinogenic implications of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a key pathogen in chronic periodontitis. It is imperative to understand the pathogenesis of P. gingivalis in OSCC. This review aims to gather and assess scientific shreds of evidence on the involvement of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the molecular mechanism of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchitra Singh
- Department of Bioinformatics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Singh
- Department of Bioinformatics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India.
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Suprabasin: Role in human cancers and other diseases. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:1453-1461. [PMID: 34775572 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06897-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Suprabasin (SBSN), a gene with unknown function located in q13 region of chromosome 19, was first found to be expressed in the basal layer of the stratified epithelium in mouse and human tissues and was thought to be a potential precursor of keratinized capsules. However, in recent years, significant progress has been made in the study of SBSN in a variety of human diseases. One common theme appears to be the effect of SBSN on tumor progression, such as invasion, metastasis and resistance. However, the function and mechanism of action of SBSN is still elusive. In this study, we reviewed the literature on SBSN in the PubMed database to identify the basic characteristics, biological functions, and roles of SBSN in cancer and other diseases. In particular, we focused on the potential mechanisms of SBSN activity, to improve our understanding of the complex function of this protein and provide a theoretical basis for further research on the role of SBSN in cancer and other diseases.
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Groeger S, Hudel M, Zechel S, Chakraborty T, Lochnit G, Meyle J, Domann E. Generation and functional characterization of recombinant Porphyromonas gingivalis W83 FimA. J Biotechnol 2021; 340:22-29. [PMID: 34478774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is regarded as a keystone pathogen in destructive periodontal diseases. It expresses a variety of virulence factors, amongst them fimbriae that are involved in colonization, invasion, establishment and persistence of the bacteria inside the host cells. The fimbriae also were demonstrated to affect the host immune-response mechanisms. The major fimbriae are able to bind specifically to different host cells, amongst them peripheral blood monocytes. The interaction of these cells with fimbriae induces release of cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The aim of this study was to generate recombinant major FimA protein from P. gingivalis W83 fimbriae and to prove its biological activity. FimA of P. gingivalis W83 was amplified from chromosomal DNA, cloned in a vector and transferred into Listeria innocua. (L. innocua).The expressed protein was harvested and purified using FPLC via a His trap HP column. The identity and purity was demonstrated by gel-electrophoresis and mass-spectrometry. The biological activity was assessed by stimulation of human oral epithelial cells and peripheral blood monocytes with the protein and afterwards cytokines in the supernatants were quantified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and cytometric bead array. Recombinant FimA could successfully be generated and purified. Gel-electrophoresis and mass-spectrometry confirmed that the detected sequences are identical with FimA. Stimulation of human monocytes induced the release of high concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α by these cells. In conclusion, a recombinant FimA protein was established and its biological activity was proven. This protein may serve as a promising agent for further investigation of its role in periodontitis and possible new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Groeger
- Department of Periodontology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Germany.
| | - M Hudel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Germany
| | - S Zechel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Germany
| | - T Chakraborty
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Germany
| | - G Lochnit
- Department of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Germany
| | - J Meyle
- Department of Periodontology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Germany
| | - E Domann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Germany
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Charoensaensuk V, Chen YC, Lin YH, Ou KL, Yang LY, Lu DY. Porphyromonas gingivalis Induces Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression Leading to Apoptotic Death through the Oxidative Stress/NF-κB Pathway in Brain Endothelial Cells. Cells 2021; 10:3033. [PMID: 34831265 PMCID: PMC8616253 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis, a periodontal pathogen, has been proposed to cause blood vessel injury leading to cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke. Brain endothelial cells compose the blood-brain barrier that protects homeostasis of the central nervous system. However, whether P. gingivalis causes the death of endothelial cells and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact and regulatory mechanisms of P. gingivalis infection in brain endothelial cells. We used bEnd.3 cells and primary mouse endothelial cells to assess the effects of P. gingivalis on endothelial cells. Our results showed that infection with live P. gingivalis, unlike heat-killed P. gingivalis, triggers brain endothelial cell death by inducing cell apoptosis. Moreover, P. gingivalis infection increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, activated NF-κB, and up-regulated the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α. Furthermore, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a most frequently used antioxidant, treatment significantly reduced P. gingivalis-induced cell apoptosis and brain endothelial cell death. The enhancement of ROS production, NF-κB p65 activation, and proinflammatory cytokine expression was also attenuated by NAC treatment. The impact of P. gingivalis on brain endothelial cells was also confirmed using adult primary mouse brain endothelial cells (MBECs). In summary, our results showed that P. gingivalis up-regulates IL-1β and TNF-α protein expression, which consequently causes cell death of brain endothelial cells through the ROS/NF-κB pathway. Our results, together with the results of previous case-control studies and epidemiologic reports, strongly support the hypothesis that periodontal infection increases the risk of developing cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vichuda Charoensaensuk
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (V.C.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Yen-Chou Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Yun-Ho Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (V.C.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Keng-Liang Ou
- 3D Global Biotech Inc., New Taipei City 22175, Taiwan;
| | - Liang-Yo Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Laboratory for Neural Repair, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Yuu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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Yuan S, Fang C, Leng WD, Wu L, Li BH, Wang XH, Hu H, Zeng XT. Oral microbiota in the oral-genitourinary axis: identifying periodontitis as a potential risk of genitourinary cancers. Mil Med Res 2021; 8:54. [PMID: 34588004 PMCID: PMC8480014 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-021-00344-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis has been proposed as a novel risk factor of genitourinary cancers: although periodontitis and genitourinary cancers are two totally distinct types of disorders, epidemiological and clinical studies, have established associations between them. Dysbiosis of oral microbiota has already been established as a major factor contributing to periodontitis. Recent emerging epidemiological evidence and the detection of oral microbiota in genitourinary organs indicate the presence of an oral-genitourinary axis and oral microbiota may be involved in the pathogenesis of genitourinary cancers. Therefore, oral microbiota provides the bridge between periodontitis and genitourinary cancers. We have carried out this narrative review which summarizes epidemiological studies exploring the association between periodontitis and genitourinary cancers. We have also highlighted the current evidence demonstrating the capacity of oral microbiota to regulate almost all hallmarks of cancer, and proposed the potential mechanisms of oral microbiota in the development of genitourinary cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yuan
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Wei-Dong Leng
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Bing-Hui Li
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.,Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Xing-Huan Wang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China. .,Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
| | - Hailiang Hu
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xian-Tao Zeng
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China. .,Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
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40
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Okamura H, Hirota K, Yoshida K, Weng Y, He Y, Shiotsu N, Ikegame M, Uchida-Fukuhara Y, Tanai A, Guo J. Outer membrane vesicles of Porphyromonas gingivalis: Novel communication tool and strategy. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2021; 57:138-146. [PMID: 34484474 PMCID: PMC8399048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as a universal method of cellular communications and are reportedly produced in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. Bacterial EVs are often called “Outer Membrane Vesicles” (OMVs) as they were the result of a controlled blebbing of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). Bacterial EVs are natural messengers, implicated in intra- and inter-species cell-to-cell communication among microorganism populations present in microbiota. Bacteria can incorporate their pathogens into OMVs; the content of OMVs differs, depending on the type of bacteria. The production of distinct types of OMVs can be mediated by different factors and routes. A recent study highlighted OMVs ability to carry crucial molecules implicated in immune modulation, and, nowadays, they are considered as a way to communicate and transfer messages from the bacteria to the host and vice versa. This review article focuses on the current understanding of OMVs produced from major oral bacteria, P. gingivalis: generation, characteristics, and contents as well as the involvement in signal transduction of host cells and systemic diseases. Our recent study regarding the action of P. gingivalis OMVs in the living body is also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohiko Okamura
- Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kitaku, Okayama 770-8525, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Hirota
- Department of Medical Hygiene, Dental Hygiene Course, Kochi Gakuen College, Kochi 780-0955, Japan
| | - Kaya Yoshida
- Department of Oral Healthcare Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Yao Weng
- Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kitaku, Okayama 770-8525, Japan
| | - Yuhan He
- Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kitaku, Okayama 770-8525, Japan
| | - Noriko Shiotsu
- Comprehensive Dental Clinic, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mika Ikegame
- Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kitaku, Okayama 770-8525, Japan
| | - Yoko Uchida-Fukuhara
- Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kitaku, Okayama 770-8525, Japan
| | - Airi Tanai
- Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kitaku, Okayama 770-8525, Japan
| | - Jiajie Guo
- Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kitaku, Okayama 770-8525, Japan.,Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjing North Street 117, Shenyang 110002, China
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Porphyromonas gingivalis infection promotes mitochondrial dysfunction through Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission in endothelial cells. Int J Oral Sci 2021; 13:28. [PMID: 34475379 PMCID: PMC8413291 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00134-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), a key pathogen in periodontitis, has been shown to accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). However, the definite mechanisms remain elusive. Emerging evidence supports an association between mitochondrial dysfunction and AS. In our study, the impact of P. gingivalis on mitochondrial dysfunction and the potential mechanism were investigated. The mitochondrial morphology of EA.hy926 cells infected with P. gingivalis was assessed by transmission electron microscopy, mitochondrial staining, and quantitative analysis of the mitochondrial network. Fluorescence staining and flow cytometry analysis were performed to determine mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels. Cellular ATP production was examined by a luminescence assay kit. The expression of key fusion and fission proteins was evaluated by western blot and immunofluorescence. Mdivi-1, a specific Drp1 inhibitor, was used to elucidate the role of Drp1 in mitochondrial dysfunction. Our findings showed that P. gingivalis infection induced mitochondrial fragmentation, increased the mtROS levels, and decreased the MMP and ATP concentration in vascular endothelial cells. We observed upregulation of Drp1 (Ser616) phosphorylation and translocation of Drp1 to mitochondria. Mdivi-1 blocked the mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction induced by P. gingivalis. Collectively, these results revealed that P. gingivalis infection promoted mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction, which was dependent on Drp1. Mitochondrial dysfunction may represent the mechanism by which P. gingivalis exacerbates atherosclerotic lesions.
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Zhang Z, Liu S, Zhang S, Li Y, Shi X, Liu D, Pan Y. Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles inhibit the invasion of Fusobacterium nucleatum into oral epithelial cells by downregulating FadA and FomA. J Periodontol 2021; 93:515-525. [PMID: 34458990 PMCID: PMC9415117 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) participate in the formation and progression of periodontitis. They can exert virulence by invading into host cells, but the interaction between them and their specific mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of P. gingivalis outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) on the ability of F. nucleatum to invade oral epithelial cells, and the reasons for the influence. Methods The invasion abilities of the two bacteria were detected separately after mixed infection of P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum. Next, P. gingivalis OMVs were extracted with the kit, and their influence on the invasion ability of F. nucleatum was tested. The effects of P. gingivalis OMVs on F. nucleatum were evaluated by assessment of bacterial morphology, growth curves, auto‐aggregation morphology, and the expression of adhesion‐related proteins FadA and FomA. Results Our results showed that P. gingivalis inhibited the invasion of F. nucleatum into oral epithelial cells but F. nucleatum promoted the invasion of P. gingivalis. In subsequent experiments, we extracted P. gingivalis OMVs successfully and revealed that proteases in P. gingivalis OMVs inhibited the invasion of F. nucleatum into oral epithelial cells. Furthermore, P. gingivalis OMVs did not affect the morphology and proliferation of F. nucleatum, but proteases inside decreased the auto‐aggregation of F. nucleatum. Additionally, proteases in P. gingivalis OMVs reduced the expression levels of F. nucleatum surface adhesion‐related proteins FadA and FomA. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that proteases in P. gingivalis OMVs inhibited the invasion of F. nucleatum into oral epithelial cells by downregulating FadA and FomA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Zhang
- Department of Periodontics, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Sai Liu
- Department of Dental Materials, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- Department of Periodontics, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuchao Li
- Department of Periodontics, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoting Shi
- Department of Periodontics, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dongjuan Liu
- Department of Emergency and Oral Medicine, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaping Pan
- Department of Periodontics, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Beltran JF, Viafara-Garcia SM, Labrador AP, Basterrechea J. The Role of Periodontopathogens and Oral Microbiome in the Progression of Oral Cancer. A Review. Open Dent J 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210602115010367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic periodontal disease and oral bacteria dysbiosis can lead to the accumulation of genetic mutations that eventually stimulate Oral Squamous Cell Cancer (OSCC). The annual incidence of OSCC is increasing significantly, and almost half of the cases are diagnosed in an advanced stage. Worldwide there are more than 380,000 new cases diagnosed every year, and a topic of extensive research in the last few years is the alteration of oral bacteria, their compositional changes and microbiome. This review aims to establish the relationship between bacterial dysbiosis and OSCC. Several bacteria implicated in periodontal disease, including Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and some Streptococcus species, promote angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and alteration in the host defense process; these same bacteria have been present in different stages of OSCC. Our review showed that genes involved in bacterial chemotaxis, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the cell wall membrane of gram negatives bacteria, were significantly increased in patients with OSCC. Additionally, some bacterial diversity, particularly with Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria species, has been identified in pre-cancerous stage samples. This review suggests the importance of an early diagnosis and more comprehensive periodontal therapy for patients by the dental care professional.
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Lee MH. Harness the functions of gut microbiome in tumorigenesis for cancer treatment. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:937-967. [PMID: 34355542 PMCID: PMC8504147 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that gut microbiota dysbiosis leads to physiological changes and links to a number of diseases, including cancers. Thus, many cancer categories and treatment regimens should be investigated in the context of the microbiome. Owing to the availability of metagenome sequencing and multiomics studies, analyses of species characterization, host genetic changes, and metabolic profile of gut microbiota have become feasible, which has facilitated an exponential knowledge gain about microbiota composition, taxonomic alterations, and host interactions during tumorigenesis. However, the complexity of the gut microbiota, with a plethora of uncharacterized host‐microbe, microbe‐microbe, and environmental interactions, still contributes to the challenge of advancing our knowledge of the microbiota‐cancer interactions. These interactions manifest in signaling relay, metabolism, immunity, tumor development, genetic instability, sensitivity to cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy. This review summarizes current studies/molecular mechanisms regarding the association between the gut microbiota and the development of cancers, which provides insights into the therapeutic strategies that could be harnessed for cancer diagnosis, treatment, or prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mong-Hong Lee
- Research Institute of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510020, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510020, P. R. China
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45
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Porphyromonas gingivalis infection exacerbates oesophageal cancer and promotes resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:433-444. [PMID: 33981017 PMCID: PMC8329259 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01419-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) infection on oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) prognosis, chemotherapeutic efficacy, and oesophageal cancer cell apoptosis resistance and proliferation remain poorly understood. METHODS Clinicopathological data from 312 ESCC oesophagectomy patients, along with the computed tomography imaging results and longitudinal cancerous tissue samples from a patient subset (n = 85) who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), were analysed. Comparison of overall survival and response rate to NACT between Pg-infected and Pg-uninfected patients was made by multivariate Cox analysis and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours v.1.1 criteria. The influence of Pg on cell proliferation and drug-induced apoptosis was examined in ESCC patients and validated in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS The 5-year overall survival was lower in Pg-positive patients, and infection was associated with multiple clinicopathological factors and pathologic tumour, node, metastasis stage. Of the 85 patients who received NACT, Pg infection was associated with a lower response rate and 5-year overall survival. Infection with Pg resulted in apoptosis resistance in ESCC and promoted ESCC cell viability, which was confirmed in longitudinal cancerous tissue samples. Pg-induced apoptosis resistance was dependent on fimbriae and STAT3. CONCLUSIONS Pg infection is associated with a worse ESCC prognosis, reduced chemotherapy efficacy, and can potentiate the aggressive behaviour of ESCC cells.
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Adel-Khattab D, Groeger S, Domann E, Chakraborty T, Lochnit G, Meyle J. Porphyromonas gingivalis induced up-regulation of PD-L1 in colon carcinoma cells. Mol Oral Microbiol 2021; 36:172-181. [PMID: 33715305 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Programmed death-ligand-1 (PD-L1) is a ligand for programmed death receptor (PD-1) that plays a major role in cell-mediated immune response; it regulates T-cell activation and regulates survival and functions of activated T cells. Expression of PD-L1 can induce chronic inflammation and activate mechanisms of immune evasion. PD-L1 is expressed in most of human carcinomas. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a major keystone pathogen in periodontitis that invade host cells and disposes a variety of virulence factors. The aim of the present study was to clarify the signaling pathway of P. gingivalis molecules that induce PD-L1 up-regulation in colon carcinoma cells. Additionally, it was investigated which components of P. gingivalis are responsible for PD-L1 induction. Colon cancer cells (CL-11) were stimulated with total membrane (TM) fractions, peptidoglycans (PDGs) and viable P. gingivalis bacteria. Seven signaling molecule inhibitors were used: receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 (RIP2) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor 1&2 inhibitor, NOD-like receptor, nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor, c-Jun N-terminal kinases inhibitor, mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor, mitogen activated kinase (MAPK) inhibitor. PD-L1 protein expression was examined by western blot analysis and quantitative real time PCR. It was demonstrated that the TM fraction and PDG induced up-regulation of PD-L1 expression in colon cancer cells. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that PDG of P. gingivalis plays a major role in PD-L1 up-regulation in colon cancer cells. In addition, the mechanism of PD-L1 up-regulation depends on NOD 1 and NOD 2 and involves activation of RIP2 and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Adel-Khattab
- Department of Periodontology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.,Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sabine Groeger
- Department of Periodontology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Eugen Domann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,German Center For Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen Schubertstrasse B1, Giessen, Germany
| | - Trinad Chakraborty
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,German Center For Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen Schubertstrasse B1, Giessen, Germany
| | - Günter Lochnit
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Joerg Meyle
- Department of Periodontology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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47
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Bugueno IM, Benkirane-Jessel N, Huck O. Implication of Toll/IL-1 receptor domain containing adapters in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced inflammation. Innate Immun 2021; 27:324-342. [PMID: 34018827 PMCID: PMC8186158 DOI: 10.1177/17534259211013087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is induced by periodontal dysbiosis characterized by the predominance of anaerobic species. TLRs constitute the classical pathway for cell activation by infection. Interestingly, the Toll/IL-1 receptor homology domain adapters initiate signaling events, leading to the activation of the expression of the genes involved in the host immune response. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis on the expression and protein-protein interactions among five TIR adapters (MAL, MyD88, TRIF, TRAM and SARM) in gingival epithelial cells and endothelial cells. It was observed that P. gingivalis is able to modulate the signaling cascades activated through its recognition by TLR4/2 in gingival epithelial cells and endothelial cells. Indeed, MAL-MyD88 protein-protein interactions associated with TLR4 was the main pathway activated by P. gingivalis infection. When transient siRNA inhibition was performed, cell viability, inflammation, and cell death induced by infection decreased and such deleterious effects were almost absent when MAL or TRAM were targeted. This study emphasizes the role of such TIR adapter proteins in P. gingivalis elicited inflammation and the precise evaluation of TIR adapter protein interactions may pave the way for future therapeutics in both periodontitis and systemic disease with a P. gingivalis involvement, such as atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac M Bugueno
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Nadia Benkirane-Jessel
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Olivier Huck
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.,Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, France.,Pôle de Médecine et de Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France
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48
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A bacterial tyrosine phosphatase modulates cell proliferation through targeting RGCC. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009598. [PMID: 34015051 PMCID: PMC8172045 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine phosphatases are often weaponized by bacteria colonizing mucosal barriers to manipulate host cell signal transduction pathways. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a periodontal pathogen and emerging oncopathogen which interferes with gingival epithelial cell proliferation and migration, and induces a partial epithelial mesenchymal transition. P. gingivalis produces two tyrosine phosphatases, and we show here that the low molecular weight tyrosine phosphatase, Ltp1, is secreted within gingival epithelial cells and translocates to the nucleus. An ltp1 mutant of P. gingivalis showed a diminished ability to induce epithelial cell migration and proliferation. Ltp1 was also required for the transcriptional upregulation of Regulator of Growth and Cell Cycle (RGCC), one of the most differentially expressed genes in epithelial cells resulting from P. gingivalis infection. A phosphoarray and siRNA showed that P. gingivalis controlled RGCC expression through Akt, which was activated by phosphorylation on S473. Akt activation is opposed by PTEN, and P. gingivalis decreased the amount of PTEN in epithelial cells. Ectopically expressed Ltp1 bound to PTEN, and reduced phosphorylation of PTEN at Y336 which controls proteasomal degradation. Ltp-1 induced loss of PTEN stability was prevented by chemical inhibition of the proteasome. Knockdown of RGCC suppressed upregulation of Zeb2 and mesenchymal markers by P. gingivalis. RGCC inhibition was also accompanied by a reduction in production of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 in response to P. gingivalis. Elevated IL-6 levels can contribute to periodontal destruction, and the ltp1 mutant of P. gingivalis incited less bone loss compared to the parental strain in a murine model of periodontal disease. These results show that P. gingivalis can deliver Ltp1 within gingival epithelial cells, and establish PTEN as the target for Ltp1 phosphatase activity. Disruption of the Akt1/RGCC signaling axis by Ltp1 facilitates P. gingivalis-induced increases in epithelial cell migration, proliferation, EMT and inflammatory cytokine production. Bacteria colonizing the oral cavity can induce inflammatory destruction of the periodontal tissues, and are increasingly associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma. P. gingivalis, a major periodontal pathogen, can subvert epithelial pathways that control important physiological processes relating to innate immunity and cell fate; however, little is known about the effector molecules. Here we show that P. gingivalis can deliver a tyrosine phosphatase, Ltp1, within epithelial cells, and Ltp1 phosphatase activity destabilizes PTEN, a negative regulator of Akt1 signaling. The production of RGCC is thus increased and this leads to increased epithelial cell migration, proliferation, a partial mesenchymal phenotype and inflammatory cytokine production. Ltp1 phosphatase activity thus provides a mechanistic basis for a number of P. gingivalis properties that contribute to disease. Indeed, an Ltp1-deficient mutant was less pathogenic in a murine model of periodontitis. These results contribute to deciphering the pathophysiological events that underlie oral bacterial diseases that initiate at mucosal barriers.
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49
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Granato DC, Neves LX, Trino LD, Carnielli CM, Lopes AFB, Yokoo S, Pauletti BA, Domingues RR, Sá JO, Persinoti G, Paixão DAA, Rivera C, de Sá Patroni FM, Tommazetto G, Santos-Silva AR, Lopes MA, de Castro G, Brandão TB, Prado-Ribeiro AC, Squina FM, Telles GP, Paes Leme AF. Meta-omics analysis indicates the saliva microbiome and its proteins associated with the prognosis of oral cancer patients. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2021; 1869:140659. [PMID: 33839314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2021.140659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Saliva is a biofluid that maintains the health of oral tissues and the homeostasis of oral microbiota. Studies have demonstrated that Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients have different salivary microbiota than healthy individuals. However, the relationship between these microbial differences and clinicopathological outcomes is still far from conclusive. Herein, we investigate the capability of using metagenomic and metaproteomic saliva profiles to distinguish between Control (C), OSCC without active lesion (L0), and OSCC with active lesion (L1) patients. The results show that there are significantly distinct taxonomies and functional changes in L1 patients compared to C and L0 patients, suggesting compositional modulation of the oral microbiome, as the relative abundances of Centipeda, Veillonella, and Gemella suggested by metagenomics are correlated with tumor size, clinical stage, and active lesion. Metagenomics results also demonstrated that poor overall patient survival is associated with a higher relative abundance of Stenophotromonas, Staphylococcus, Centipeda, Selenomonas, Alloscordovia, and Acitenobacter. Finally, compositional and functional differences in the saliva content by metaproteomics analysis can distinguish healthy individuals from OSCC patients. In summary, our study suggests that oral microbiota and their protein abundance have potential diagnosis and prognosis value for oral cancer patients. Further studies are necessary to understand the role of uniquely detected metaproteins in the microbiota of healthy and OSCC patients as well as the crosstalk between saliva host proteins and the oral microbiome present in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela C Granato
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro X Neves
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana D Trino
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ariane F B Lopes
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sami Yokoo
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca A Pauletti
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Romênia R Domingues
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jamile O Sá
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Persinoti
- Laboratório Nacional de Biorrenováveis, LNBr, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Douglas A A Paixão
- Laboratório Nacional de Biorrenováveis, LNBr, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - César Rivera
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio M de Sá Patroni
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Geizecler Tommazetto
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering (BCE), Aarhus University, 82000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Alan R Santos-Silva
- Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcio A Lopes
- Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Gilberto de Castro
- Oncologia Clínica, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaís B Brandão
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Octavio Frias de Oliveira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fabio M Squina
- Universidade de Sorocaba, Departamento de Processos Tecnológicos e Ambientais, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme P Telles
- Universidade de Campinas, Instituto de Computação, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana F Paes Leme
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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50
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Bakhti SZ, Latifi-Navid S. Oral microbiota and Helicobacter pylori in gastric carcinogenesis: what do we know and where next? BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:71. [PMID: 33663382 PMCID: PMC7934379 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02130-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies causing death worldwide, and Helicobacter pylori is a powerful inducer of precancerous lesions and GC. The oral microbiota is a complex ecosystem and is responsible for maintaining homeostasis, modulating the immune system, and resisting pathogens. It has been proposed that the gastric microbiota of oral origin is involved in the development and progression of GC. Nevertheless, the causal relationship between oral microbiota and GC and the role of H. pylori in this relationship is still controversial. This study was set to review the investigations done on oral microbiota and analyze various lines of evidence regarding the role of oral microbiota in GC, to date. Also, we discussed the interaction and relationship between H. pylori and oral microbiota in GC and the current understanding with regard to the underlying mechanisms of oral microbiota in carcinogenesis. More importantly, detecting the patterns of interaction between the oral cavity microbiota and H. pylori may render new clues for the diagnosis or screening of cancer. Integration of oral microbiota and H. pylori might manifest a potential method for the assessment of GC risk. Hence it needs to be specified the patterns of bacterial transmission from the oral cavity to the stomach and their interaction. Further evidence on the mechanisms underlying the oral microbiota communities and how they trigger GC may contribute to the identification of new prevention methods for GC. We may then modulate the oral microbiota by intervening with oral-gastric bacterial transmission or controlling certain bacteria in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Zahra Bakhti
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 56199-11367, Iran
| | - Saeid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 56199-11367, Iran.
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