1
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Meneses CG, Pitogo KME, Supsup CE, Brown RM. Philippine herpetology (Amphibia, Reptilia), 20 years on: two decades of progress towards an increasingly collaborative, equitable, and inclusive approach to the study of the archipelago's amphibians and reptiles. Zookeys 2024; 1190:213-257. [PMID: 38327266 PMCID: PMC10848817 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1190.109586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
A first review of the history, status, and prospects for Philippine herpetology conducted more than two decades ago (2002) summarized the diverse topics studied and highlighted the development and achievements in research up to the year 2000. This study revisits and re-assesses what Philippine herpetology has accomplished, both as a discipline and a community, during the last two decades (2002-2022). A total of 423 herpetological publications was collated, revealing a substantial increase in annual publications, rising from approximately four per year during 2002-2008 to around 28 per year in 2009-2022. Half of the published studies focused on squamate reptiles (lizards 30.5%, snakes 21%) and 28.4% on amphibians, 5.9% on turtles, and 2.6% on crocodiles. The remaining 11.6% of studies focused simultaneously on multiple taxa (i.e., faunal inventories). Diversity and distribution (35.2%) and ecological (26.5%) studies remained popular, while studies on taxonomy (14.9%), phylogenetics and biogeography (11.8%), and conservation (11.6%) all increased. However, geographical gaps persist urging immediate surveys in many understudied regions of the country. Finally, we found a balanced representation between Filipino and foreign first authors (1.0:1.1), yet a substantial gender gap exists between male and female first authors (7.1:1.0). Nonetheless, the steep increase in publications and the diversity of people engaged in Philippine herpetology is a remarkable positive finding compared to the 20 years preceding the last review (1980-2000). Our hope is that the next decades will bring increasingly equitable, internationally collaborative, and broadly inclusive engagement in the study of amphibians and reptiles in the Philippines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila G. Meneses
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USAUniversity of KansasLawrenceUnited States of America
| | - Kier Mitchel E. Pitogo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USAUniversity of KansasLawrenceUnited States of America
| | - Christian E. Supsup
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USAUniversity of KansasLawrenceUnited States of America
| | - Rafe M. Brown
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USAUniversity of KansasLawrenceUnited States of America
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2
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Vera Candioti F, Baldo D, Grosjean S, Pereyra MO, Nori J. Global shortfalls of knowledge on anuran tadpoles. NPJ BIODIVERSITY 2023; 2:22. [PMID: 39242681 PMCID: PMC11332183 DOI: 10.1038/s44185-023-00027-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Despite the amount of data on different aspects of biodiversity, such as species distributions, taxonomy, or phylogenetics, there are still significant gaps and biases in the available information. This is particularly true for life history traits, with fragmentary data for most taxa, especially those with complex life cycles. Anurans (frogs and toads) show larval (premetamorphic) stages that are in general radically decoupled from adult forms in most biological aspects. Our understanding of this group is highly uneven, as the main wide-scope investigations focus on adult specimens and larval stages remain unknown for a significant part of the anuran tree. The main purpose of this work was to estimate the extent of knowledge gaps regarding the diversity of tadpoles, interpret their biological and geographical patterns, and discuss possible explanations and implications for other large-scale analyses. Our findings show that more than half of the anuran species described to date still lack information on their embryonic/larval stages. Furthermore, knowledge varies among taxonomic groups, larval ecomorphological guilds, and world ecoregions. Description percentages generally decrease in lineages with a higher proportion of species known or suspected to have endotrophic development. Also, geographic areas with the highest levels of ignorance in larval biology (Tropical Andes and New Guinea) coincide with the highest diversity of endotrophic guilds. Among exotrophic larvae, generalized lentic-lotic tadpoles have the widest distribution and levels of knowledge, whereas specialized lotic, fossorial, and terrestrial forms are more taxonomically and geographically restricted. Further large-scale analyses on tadpole biology are crucial for their impact in varied scientific disciplines including anuran conservation. At a conceptual level, the discussion of the anuran biphasic life cycle is pertinent in the context of shortfalls of biodiversity knowledge and their interrelationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Vera Candioti
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Fundación Miguel Lillo), 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - Diego Baldo
- Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva "Claudio Juan Bidau", Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Misiones) and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales (UNaM), 3300, Posadas, Argentina
| | - Stéphane Grosjean
- Direction Générale Déléguée aux Collections, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Martín O Pereyra
- Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva "Claudio Juan Bidau", Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Misiones) and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales (UNaM), 3300, Posadas, Argentina
| | - Javier Nori
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (CONICET) and Centro de Zoología Aplicada (Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
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3
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Etter L, Haas A, Lee CC, Min PY, Das I, Hertwig ST. Out of the trap: A new phytothelm‐breeding species of
Philautus
and an updated phylogeny of Bornean bush frogs (Anura: Rhacophoridae). J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Etter
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Alexander Haas
- Centrum für Naturkunde Universität Hamburg Hamburg Germany
| | - Chien C. Lee
- Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Kota Samarahan, Sarawak Malaysia
| | - Pui Yong Min
- Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Kota Samarahan, Sarawak Malaysia
| | - Indraneil Das
- Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Kota Samarahan, Sarawak Malaysia
| | - Stefan T. Hertwig
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern Bern Switzerland
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4
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Vera Candioti F, Dos Santos Dias PH, Rowley JJL, Hertwig S, Haas A, Altig R. Anatomical features of the phytotelma dwelling, egg-eating, fanged tadpoles of Rhacophorus vampyrus (Anura: Rhacophoridae). J Morphol 2021; 282:769-778. [PMID: 33713040 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Tadpoles of the Vampire tree frog Rhacophorus vampyrus differ substantially from other rhacophorid tadpoles, by having profound modifications in external morphology. The morphological peculiarities of this species likely correlate with their arboreal microhabitat and strict oophagous diet. In this work, we examine buccal and musculoskeletal anatomy and compare them to other rhacophorid and egg-eating larvae. The shape and arrangement of cartilages of the lower jaw are unique among tadpoles, and the lack of a palatoquadrate suspensorium is only known in the distantly related macrophagous tadpoles of the dicroglossid Occidozyga baluensis. The cranial musculature is massive, and the morphology of several mandibular, hyoid, and abdominal muscles could be related to the ingestion and transit of large eggs. In the buccal cavity, conspicuous aspects are the absence of ridges and papillae, and the development of a unique glandular zone in the buccal floor. Finally, observations of the skeletal support of keratinized mouthparts allow us to present a topography-based hypothesis of homology of the conspicuous fangs of these tadpoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Vera Candioti
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Fundación Miguel Lillo), Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Pedro Henrique Dos Santos Dias
- Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jodi J L Rowley
- Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stefan Hertwig
- Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Haas
- Center of Natural History (CeNak), Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Altig
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
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5
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Quah ESH, Grismer LL, Wood Jr. PL, Lim KKP, Imbun PY, Anuar MSS. An investigation into the taxonomy of Abavorana luctuosa (Peters, 1871) (Anura, Ranidae) and the resurrection of Rana decorata Mocquard, 1890 from Borneo. VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/vz.71.e60921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The taxonomic status of the ranid frog Abavorana luctuosa (Peters, 1871) was investigated using a combination of molecular and morphological data. The analyses revealed that A. luctuosasensu lato is composed of two species in Borneo. One of these species agrees with the description of Rana decorata Mocquard, 1890 which is resurrected in the combination Abavorana decoratacomb. nov. (Mocquard, 1890). Abavorana decorata is recovered as the sister lineage to the remainder of Abavorana and differs by a 16.0–17.0 % uncorrected pairwise sequence divergence from its congeners A. nazgul and A. luctuosa, respectively. It is distinguishable morphologically from A. luctuosa and A. nazgul by its ventral pattern (bold, black and white reticulations on its venter along with bold banding on the underside of hind limbs vs. generally immaculate and spotted in the latter two species), and a prominent white streak beneath the eye and/or tympanum extending to the corner of the jaw. Abavorana decorata further differs from A. luctuosa by having a significantly wider head and snout, larger interorbital and tympanum diameters, longer femur in both sexes, and various combinations of other mensural characters. Both species are sympatric in Borneo and this discovery adds to a growing number of widespread Sundaic species shown to be species complexes with distinct forms in Borneo.
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6
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Fukuyama I, Vogel G, Matsui M, Eto K, Munir M, Hossman MY, Hamidy A, Nishikawa K. Systematics of Calliophis intestinalis with the Resurrection of Calliophis nigrotaeniatus (Elapidae, Serpentes). Zoolog Sci 2021; 37:586-594. [PMID: 33269875 DOI: 10.2108/zs200100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The red-bellied form of Calliophis intestinalis (Laurenti, 1768) sensu lato was originally reported from Pahang, west Malaysia. To determine the taxonomic status of this form, we examined the type specimens of Elaps sumatranus Lidth De Jeude, 1890, Calliophis intestinalis everetti (Boulenger, 1896), and Callophis furcatus var. nigrotaeniatus Peters, 1863. The results indicated that the red-bellied form of C. intestinalis should be named as Calliophis nigrotaeniatus comb. nov., whose valid species status was based on morphological and molecular analyses. We designate a lectotype and redescribe the species, which is genetically close to Calliophis bilineatus (Peters, 1881) from the Philippines, and is clearly distinguishable from other congeners by possessing a pair of gray or dark blue lateral stripes and by being bright red on the ventrum. Elaps sumatranus and C. i. everetti are relegated to subjective junior synonyms of C. nigrotaeniatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibuki Fukuyama
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Nihonmatsu, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan,
| | - Gernot Vogel
- Society for Southeast Asian Herpetology, Im Sand 3, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Masafumi Matsui
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Nihonmatsu, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Koshiro Eto
- Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History & Human History, Higashida 2-4-1, Yahatahigashi, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 805-0071, Japan
| | - Misbahul Munir
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Mohamad Yazid Hossman
- Research, Development and Innovation Division, Sarawak Forest Department, Kuching 93250, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Amir Hamidy
- Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Kanto Nishikawa
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Nihonmatsu, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.,Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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7
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Othman SN, Chen YH, Chuang MF, Andersen D, Jang Y, Borzée A. Impact of the Mid-Pleistocene Revolution and Anthropogenic Factors on the Dispersion of Asian Black-Spined Toads ( Duttaphrynus melanostictus). Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1157. [PMID: 32650538 PMCID: PMC7401666 DOI: 10.3390/ani10071157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Divergence-time estimation critically improves the understanding of biogeography processes underlying the distribution of species, especially when fossil data is not available. We hypothesise that the Asian black-spined toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus, expanded into the Eastern Indomalaya following the Quaternary glaciations with the subsequent colonisation of new landscapes during the Last Glacial Maximum. Divergence dating inferred from 364 sequences of mitochondrial tRNAGly ND3 supported the emergence of a common ancestor to the three D. melanostictus clades around 1.85 (±0.77) Ma, matching with the Lower to Mid-Pleistocene transition. Duttaphrynus melanostictus then dispersed into Southeast Asia from the central Indo-Pacific and became isolated in the Southern Sundaic and Wallacea regions 1.43 (±0.10) Ma through vicariance as a result of sea level oscillations. The clade on the Southeast Asian mainland then colonised the peninsula from Myanmar to Vietnam and expanded towards Southeastern China at the end of the Mid-Pleistocene Revolution 0.84 (±0.32) Ma. Population dynamics further highlight an expansion of the Southeast Asian mainland population towards Taiwan, the Northeastern edge of the species' range after the last interglacial, and during the emergence of the Holocene human settlements around 7000 BP. Thus, the current divergence of D. melanostictus into three segregated clades was mostly shaped by Quaternary glaciations, followed by natural dispersion events over land bridges and accelerated by anthropogenic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti N. Othman
- Department of Life Sciences and Division of EcoScience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (S.N.O.); (M.-F.C.); (D.A.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yi-Huey Chen
- Department of Life Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Feng Chuang
- Department of Life Sciences and Division of EcoScience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (S.N.O.); (M.-F.C.); (D.A.); (Y.J.)
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Desiree Andersen
- Department of Life Sciences and Division of EcoScience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (S.N.O.); (M.-F.C.); (D.A.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yikweon Jang
- Department of Life Sciences and Division of EcoScience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (S.N.O.); (M.-F.C.); (D.A.); (Y.J.)
| | - Amaël Borzée
- Laboratory of Animal Behaviour and Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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8
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Supsup CE, Asis AA, Carestia Jr UV, Diesmos AC, Mallari NAD, Brown RM. Variation in species richness, composition and herpetological community structure across a tropical habitat gradient of Palawan Island, Philippines. HERPETOZOA 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/herpetozoa.33.e47293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Information on species richness and community structure is invaluable for guiding conservation and management of biodiversity, but is rarely available in the megadiverse biodiversity conservation hotspot of Philippines – particularly for amphibians and reptiles. This study provides the first report and characterisation of amphibians and reptile communities across primary habitat types of the Victoria-Anepahan Mountain Range on Palawan Island along the western edge of the archipelago. A total of 41 amphibian and reptile species were recorded throughout our sampling sites (n = 27 species) or in targeted habitat searches (14 species). A species richness estimator predicted that 35 species may be present in our sampling sites, suggesting that a significant proportion of secretive species may continue to be unrecorded, especially for reptiles. Higher species richness was found in secondary growth than in mixed-use agricultural areas or even pristine forest. The low species richness recorded from pristine forest types may be due to these forests now being restricted to higher elevations where species diversity has been documented to decrease. Our results also show that complex community structures (species assemblages) are to be equally expected in both secondary growth and pristine forests. Together, our results show how species richness and community assemblages may vary across habitats, highlighting that old growth forest does not always support higher species richness, particularly in high elevations.
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9
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Comprehensive multi-locus phylogeny of Old World tree frogs (Anura: Rhacophoridae) reveals taxonomic uncertainties and potential cases of over- and underestimation of species diversity. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 127:1010-1019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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O'Connell KA, Smith EN, Shaney KJ, Arifin U, Kurniawan N, Sidik I, Fujita MK. Coalescent species delimitation of a Sumatran parachuting frog. ZOOL SCR 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A O'Connell
- Department of Biology The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX USA
- The Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX USA
| | - Eric N Smith
- Department of Biology The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX USA
- The Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX USA
| | - Kyle J Shaney
- Department of Biology The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX USA
- The Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX USA
| | - Umilaela Arifin
- Biozentrum Grindel & Zopolofisches Museum Universität Hamburg Hamburg Germany
| | - Nia Kurniawan
- Department of Biology Universitas Brawijaya Malang East Java Indonesia
| | - Irvan Sidik
- Research and Development Center for Biology Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI) Cibinong West Java Indonesia
| | - Matthew K Fujita
- Department of Biology The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX USA
- The Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX USA
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11
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Wostl E, Riyanto A, Hamidy A, Kurniawan N, Smith EN, Harvey MB. A Taxonomic Revision of thePhilautus(Anura: Rhacophoridae) of Sumatra with the Description of Four New Species. HERPETOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS 2017. [DOI: 10.1655/herpmonographs-d-16-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elijah Wostl
- Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center and Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Awal Riyanto
- Laboratory of Herpetology, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences–LIPI, Widyasatwa Loka Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor km 46, Cibinong, West Java 16911, Indonesia
| | - Amir Hamidy
- Laboratory of Herpetology, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences–LIPI, Widyasatwa Loka Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor km 46, Cibinong, West Java 16911, Indonesia
| | - Nia Kurniawan
- Department of Biology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia
| | - Eric N. Smith
- Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center and Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Michael B. Harvey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Broward College, 3501 S.W. Davie Road; Davie, FL 33314, USA
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12
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Grosjean S, Inthara C. Molecular identifications and descriptions of the tadpoles ofRhacophorus kioOhler & Delorme, 2006 andRhacophorus rhodopusLiu & Hu, 1960 (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae). ZOOSYSTEMA 2016. [DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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13
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Biju SD, Senevirathne G, Garg S, Mahony S, Kamei RG, Thomas A, Shouche Y, Raxworthy CJ, Meegaskumbura M, Van Bocxlaer I. Frankixalus, a New Rhacophorid Genus of Tree Hole Breeding Frogs with Oophagous Tadpoles. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145727. [PMID: 26790105 PMCID: PMC4720377 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite renewed interest in the biogeography and evolutionary history of Old World tree frogs (Rhacophoridae), this family still includes enigmatic frogs with ambiguous phylogenetic placement. During fieldwork in four northeastern states of India, we discovered several populations of tree hole breeding frogs with oophagous tadpoles. We used molecular data, consisting of two nuclear and three mitochondrial gene fragments for all known rhacophorid genera, to investigate the phylogenetic position of these new frogs. Our analyses identify a previously overlooked, yet distinct evolutionary lineage of frogs that warrants recognition as a new genus and is here described as Frankixalusgen. nov. This genus, which contains the enigmatic ‘Polypedates’ jerdonii described by Günther in 1876, forms the sister group of a clade containing Kurixalus, Pseudophilautus, Raorchestes, Mercurana and Beddomixalus. The distinctiveness of this evolutionary lineage is also corroborated by the external morphology of adults and tadpoles, adult osteology, breeding ecology, and life history features.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Biju
- Systematics Lab, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India
| | - Gayani Senevirathne
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Sonali Garg
- Systematics Lab, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India
| | - Stephen Mahony
- Systematics Lab, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.,School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Rachunliu G Kamei
- Systematics Lab, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.,Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, United Kingdom
| | - Ashish Thomas
- Systematics Lab, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.,Department of Environmental Studies, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India
| | - Yogesh Shouche
- Microbial Culture Collection, National Center for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411 007, India
| | - Christopher J Raxworthy
- Herpetology Department, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York, 10024, United States of America
| | - Madhava Meegaskumbura
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Ines Van Bocxlaer
- Amphibian Evolution Lab, Biology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
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14
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Dever JA, Nguyen H, Wilkinson JA. Rediscovery and Redescription ofTheloderma phrynoderma(Ahl, 1927) (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Myanmar. COPEIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1643/ch-14-130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Meegaskumbura M, Senevirathne G, Biju SD, Garg S, Meegaskumbura S, Pethiyagoda R, Hanken J, Schneider CJ. Patterns of reproductive-mode evolution in Old World tree frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae). ZOOL SCR 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhava Meegaskumbura
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology; Faculty of Science; University of Peradeniya; Peradeniya KY 20400 Sri Lanka
| | - Gayani Senevirathne
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology; Faculty of Science; University of Peradeniya; Peradeniya KY 20400 Sri Lanka
| | - S. D. Biju
- Department of Environmental Studies; University of Delhi; Delhi 110 007 India
| | - Sonali Garg
- Department of Environmental Studies; University of Delhi; Delhi 110 007 India
| | - Suyama Meegaskumbura
- Department of Zoology Faculty of Science; University of Peradeniya; Peradeniya KY 20400 Sri Lanka
| | | | - James Hanken
- Museum of Comparative Zoology; Harvard University; Cambridge MA 02138 USA
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16
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Nguyen TT, Matsui M, Yoshikawa N. First Record of the Tree-Frog GenusLiuixalusfrom Vietnam with the Description of a New Species (Amphibia: Rhacophoridae). CURRENT HERPETOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.5358/hsj.33.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Diversification in a biodiversity hotspot – The evolution of Southeast Asian rhacophorid tree frogs on Borneo (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2013; 68:567-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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18
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Matsui M, Shimada T, Sudin A. A New Gliding Frog of the GenusRhacophorusfrom Borneo. CURRENT HERPETOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.5358/hsj.32.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Molecular evidence for taxonomy of Rhacophorus appendiculatus and Kurixalus species from northern Vietnam, with comments on systematics of Kurixalus and Gracixalus (Anura: Rhacophoridae). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2012.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Li JT, Li Y, Murphy RW, Rao DQ, Zhang YP. Phylogenetic resolution and systematics of the Asian tree frogs,Rhacophorus(Rhacophoridae, Amphibia). ZOOL SCR 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-6409.2012.00557.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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