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Wang H, Zhang J, Ma D, Zhao Z, Yan B, Wang F. The role of red ginseng in men's reproductive health: a literature review. Basic Clin Androl 2023; 33:27. [PMID: 37880595 PMCID: PMC10601307 DOI: 10.1186/s12610-023-00203-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Red ginseng (RG) is a traditional herb commonly used in China, Korea, and other East Asian countries. Recently, it has demonstrated a better clinical value in men's reproductive health (MRH). The present review aimed to examine the effects of RG treatment on MRH. RESULTS Overall, 42 articles related to RG application in MRH were reviewed, of which 31 were animal experiments and 11 were clinical studies. Furthermore, this review analyzed the use of RG in some male reproductive diseases in clinical trials and determined the associated mechanisms of action. The mechanism of action of RG in MRH may be related to oxidative stress, regulation of sex hormones and spermatogenesis-related proteins, and anti-inflammation. CONCLUSIONS The application of RG for the treatment of male infertility, erectile dysfunction, and prostate diseases has the potential to contribute to MRH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Andrology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jiwei Zhang
- Department of Andrology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Dongyue Ma
- Department of Andrology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Ziwei Zhao
- Department of Andrology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Department of Andrology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Fu Wang
- Department of Andrology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
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Hung Mai V, Hung Nguyen P, Giang Pham TK, Duong Thieu V. Study on the Effect of a Mixture of Hippocampus kuda Extract and Panax Ginseng on Testosterone Content and Semen Quality in Experimental Rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2022; 25:676-680. [PMID: 36098175 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.676.680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> <i>Hippocampus kuda</i> and ginseng are commonly known for male sexual function mainly for their potency and libido enhancement effects, however, no study was reported that incorporates these fluids. This study aimed at the extraction of these two ingredients to understand the synergistic effect of increasing testosterone content and semen quality was studied in this article. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> After extracting and creating extracts of <i>Hippocampus kuda</i> and ginseng, a 1:1 extract was mixed to create a mixture of both ingredients. <b>Results:</b> The results obtained from this study confirmed that alcohol extracts from <i>Hippocampus kuda</i> and Panax ginseng have a positive effect on testosterone content and semen quality. In particular, the combination of extracts from these two ingredients significantly improves testosterone content and semen quality compared with using extracts separately. <b>Conclusion:</b> High-extract mixture extracted by alcohol from <i>Hippocampus kuda</i> and Panax ginseng at the rate of 1/1 showed a superior effect in increasing testosterone content and semen quality compared to the extract of each material. A high extract mixture used at a dosage of 240 mg/100 g body weight/day is suitable for increasing the testosterone content, increasing sperm density, increasing the survival rate of spermatozoa and reducing the rate of malformed sperm in real rats experience.
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Rutkowska J, Lagisz M, Bonduriansky R, Nakagawa S. Mapping the past, present and future research landscape of paternal effects. BMC Biol 2020; 18:183. [PMID: 33246472 PMCID: PMC7694421 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00892-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although in all sexually reproducing organisms an individual has a mother and a father, non-genetic inheritance has been predominantly studied in mothers. Paternal effects have been far less frequently studied, until recently. In the last 5 years, research on environmentally induced paternal effects has grown rapidly in the number of publications and diversity of topics. Here, we provide an overview of this field using synthesis of evidence (systematic map) and influence (bibliometric analyses). RESULTS We find that motivations for studies into paternal effects are diverse. For example, from the ecological and evolutionary perspective, paternal effects are of interest as facilitators of response to environmental change and mediators of extended heredity. Medical researchers track how paternal pre-fertilization exposures to factors, such as diet or trauma, influence offspring health. Toxicologists look at the effects of toxins. We compare how these three research guilds design experiments in relation to objects of their studies: fathers, mothers and offspring. We highlight examples of research gaps, which, in turn, lead to future avenues of research. CONCLUSIONS The literature on paternal effects is large and disparate. Our study helps in fostering connections between areas of knowledge that develop in parallel, but which could benefit from the lateral transfer of concepts and methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Rutkowska
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, BEES, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Malgorzata Lagisz
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, BEES, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Russell Bonduriansky
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, BEES, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, BEES, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Korean Red Ginseng Suppresses the Expression of Oxidative Stress Response and NLRP3 Inflammasome Genes in Aged C57BL/6 Mouse Ovaries. Foods 2020; 9:foods9040526. [PMID: 32331214 PMCID: PMC7231237 DOI: 10.3390/foods9040526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Female infertility and subfertility have been increasing in prevalence worldwide. One contributing factor is ovarian function, which is highly age-dependent. Korean red ginseng is widely used as an herbal medicine and has many beneficial properties. We aimed to determine the effect of the Korean red ginseng saponin fraction (KRGSF) on ovarian function in female C57BL/6 mice. Ovaries were isolated from 6- and 12-month-old female mice and treated with KRGSF, and then RNA was extracted and microarray analysis was performed. The expression of key genes was subsequently verified using quantitative RT-PCR. Aging markedly increased the expression of genes encoding oxidative stress factors and NLRP3 inflammasome components, but the expression of these genes was significantly reduced by KRGSF treatment. Thus, the reduction in ovarian health with age is associated with greater oxidative stress response and inflammation, but KRGSF treatment may limit these age-related changes.
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Ku JY, Park MJ, Park HJ, Park NC, Joo BS. Combination of Korean Red Ginseng Extract and Hydrogen-Rich Water Improves Spermatogenesis and Sperm Motility in Male Mice. Chin J Integr Med 2020; 26:361-369. [PMID: 31919748 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-019-3047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of hydrogen-rich Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) water (HRGW) mixture on the spermatogenesis and sperm motility of mice of different ages. METHODS Eighty young (3 month-old) and aged (12 month-old) male mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n =10 per group) including control group, hydrogen-rich water (HRW) group (10 mL/kg daily), KRG group (50 mg/kg daily) and HRGW group (10 mL/kg and 50 mg/kg daily) by an oral zoned needle for 4 weeks. Sperm count and motility were measured using sperm suspension released from cauda epididymis. Serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in serum have also been estimated. Tubular changes were examined through histological hematoxylin and eosin staining. Expression of antioxidation (PPx3, PPx4, GSTm5 and GPx4), spermatogenesis (inhibin-a, neptin-2 and CREM), antiaging (SIRT1 and SIRT2), and angiogenesis [visfatin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)] related genes were examined through real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS HRW and KRG treatment stimulated spermatogenesis followed by increasing sperm production and sperm motility (P <0.05). These effects were strengthened synergistically by a HRGW mixture (P <0.05 or P <0.01). HRGW greatly increased the expressions of antioxidation, antiaging, spermatogenesis related genes and VEGF especially in aged mice (P <0.05). Serum testosterone and FSH levels also increased, while serum ROS level decreased (all P <0.05). CONCLUSION HRGW increases sperm production and motility by enhancing antioxidation and stimulating spermatogenesis and sex hormone production, particularly in aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja Yoon Ku
- Department of Urology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Park
- The Korea Institute for Public Sperm Bank, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Park
- Department of Urology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Cheol Park
- Department of Urology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea.,The Korea Institute for Public Sperm Bank, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Sun Joo
- The Korea Institute for Public Sperm Bank, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea.
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Elsayed HYA, Borroto ET, Pliego AB, Dibarrat JA, Ramirez FR, Chagoyán JCV, Salas NP, Diaz-Albiter H. Sperm Quality in Mouse After Exposure to Low Doses of TCDD. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:931-943. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190520090132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background:
In the last decade, the harmful use of dioxin has been demonstrated in human
health and in the whole environment. It is well known among scientists that 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachloro
dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is an environmental pollutant that causes endocrine disruption, which causes
male reproductive toxicity.
Objective:
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the toxicity effect of low doses of TCDD
in male CD1 mice.
Materials and Methods:
Three concentrations of TCDD (0.375, 0.75, 1.5 mg / kg) were analyzed and
the effects on spermatozoa were evaluated 10 days after oral administration of the product. As
bioindicators of TCDD toxicity, an exhaustive analysis of several spermatic parameters including
motility, vitality, count, morphology and viability, flow cytometry was used to determine the affected
sperm population by cytotoxicity and apoptosis. In addition, a morphometric analysis of testicles was
performed.
Results:
The results show that the body weight of the treated animals was reduced in medium and high
doses (0.75, 1.5 mg / kg) with respect to the control groups. In the groups treated with TCDD, the
abnormal head of the sperm increased by 52.5% more than the control group. Significant differences in
apoptosis were observed between the negative control and vehicle control, including the median dose
(0.75 mg / kg).
Conclusion:
It is concluded that at these low doses there was an impact on the quality of the mouse
sperm, adding an effect on apoptosis and cytotoxicity of sperm exposed to these doses of TCDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Yehia Anwar Elsayed
- Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Avanzados de Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Esvieta Tenorio Borroto
- Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Avanzados de Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Alberto Barbabosa Pliego
- Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Avanzados de Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Jorge Acosta Dibarrat
- Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Avanzados de Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
| | | | - Juan Carlos Vázquez Chagoyán
- Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Avanzados de Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Nazario Pescador Salas
- Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Avanzados de Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Hector Diaz-Albiter
- Universidad Tecnologica del Valla de Toluca, Estado de Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
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7
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Iqbal H, Kim SK, Cha KM, Jeong MS, Ghosh P, Rhee DK. Korean Red Ginseng alleviates neuroinflammation and promotes cell survival in the intermittent heat stress-induced rat brain by suppressing oxidative stress via estrogen receptor beta and brain-derived neurotrophic factor upregulation. J Ginseng Res 2019; 44:593-602. [PMID: 32617039 PMCID: PMC7322747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Heat stress orchestrates neurodegenerative disorders and results in the formation of reactive oxygen species that leads to cell death. Although the immunomodulatory effects of ginseng are well studied, the mechanism by which ginseng alleviates heat stress in the brain remains elusive. Methods Rats were exposed to intermittent heat stress for 6 months, and brain samples were examined to elucidate survival and antiinflammatory effect after Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) treatment. Results Intermittent long-term heat stress (ILTHS) upregulated the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase, increasing infiltration of inflammatory cells (hematoxylin and eosin staining) and the level of proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor α, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6], leading to cell death (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay) and elevated markers of oxidative stress damage (myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde), resulting in the downregulation of antiapoptotic markers (Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL) and expression of estrogen receptor beta and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, key factors in regulating neuronal cell survival. In contrast, KRG mitigated ILTHS-induced release of proinflammatory mediators, upregulated the mRNA level of the antiinflammatory cytokine IL-10, and increased myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde levels. In addition, KRG significantly decreased the expression of the proapoptotic marker (Bax), did not affect caspase-3 expression, but increased the expression of antiapoptotic markers (Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL). Furthermore, KRG significantly activated the expression of both estrogen receptor beta and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Conclusion ILTHS induced oxidative stress responses and inflammatory molecules, which can lead to impaired neurogenesis and ultimately neuronal death, whereas, KRG, being the antioxidant, inhibited neuronal damage and increased cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Iqbal
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Kwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Min Cha
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sik Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Prachetash Ghosh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kwon Rhee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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8
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Kopalli SR, Cha KM, Hwang SY, Jeong MS, Kim SK. Korean Red Ginseng ( Panax ginseng Meyer) with enriched Rg3 ameliorates chronic intermittent heat stress-induced testicular damage in rats via multifunctional approach. J Ginseng Res 2019; 43:135-142. [PMID: 30662302 PMCID: PMC6323164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax ginseng Meyer, known as Korean Red Ginseng (KRG), is one of the important age-old traditional herbs used in boosting libido and improving male fertility. In this study, the effects of Rg3-enriched KRG extract (KGC04P) on heat stress-induced testicular damage in experimental rats was evaluated. METHODS Male rats (Sprague-Dawley) were divided into four groups (n = 10): normal control (NC), heat-stressed control (HC), heat-stressed plus KGC04P-100 mg/kg (HK100), and heat-stressed plus KGC04P-200 mg/kg (HK200) groups. Starting 1 week prior to heat stress, animals were administered orally with KGC04P (100 and 200 mg/kg) mixed with a regular pellet diet and continued for 25 weeks. Heat stress was induced to HC, HK100, and HK200 groups by intermittently exposing the animals to high temperatures (32 ± 1°C, 2 h/day). After 6 months, animals were euthanized under general anesthesia with carbon dioxide and evaluated for various parameters in serum and testicular tissue by using Western blotting, biochemical kits, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Significant (p < 0.05) alterations in several parameters, such as body/organ weight, sperm kinematics, and lipid metabolism marker levels, in the serum and testis of rats were observed. Further, the expression of testicular antioxidant enzymes, inflammatory cytokines, sex hormonal receptors, and spermatogenesis-related genes were also affected significantly (p < 0.05) in the heat-stressed group. However, KGC04P prevented the heat stress-induced changes in rats significantly (p < 0.05) at both concentrations. CONCLUSION KGC04P attenuated heat stress-induced testicular damage by a multifunctional approach and can be developed as an excellent therapeutic agent for hyperthermia-mediated male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyu-Min Cha
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seock-Yeon Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Science and Industry, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sik Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Kwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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9
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Kim MK, Cha KM, Hwang SY, Park UK, Seo SK, Lee SH, Jeong MS, Cho S, Kopalli SR, Kim SK. Pectinase-treated Panax ginseng protects heat stress-induced testicular damage in rats. Reproduction 2018; 153:737-747. [PMID: 28428445 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Testicular hyperthermia is well studied to cause impaired spermatogenesis. In the present study, the protective effect of enzymatically modified (pectinase-treated) Panax ginseng (GINST) against intermittent sub-chronic heat stress-induced testicular damage in rats was investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: normal control (NC), heat-stressed control (HC), heat-stressed plus GINST-100 mg/kg/day (HG100) and heat-stressed plus GINST-200 mg/kg/day (HG200) treatment groups. GINST (100 and 200 mg/kg/day) was mixed separately with a regular pellet diet and was administered orally for 8 weeks starting from 1 week before heat exposure. Parameters such as organ weight, blood chemistry, sperm kinetic values, expression of antioxidant enzymes, spermatogenesis molecules and sex hormone receptors levels were measured. Data revealed that kidney and epididymis weight were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased with heat stress and recovered by GINST treatment. Further, the altered levels of blood chemistry panels and sperm kinetic values in heat stress-induced rats were attenuated when GINST was administered (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the expression levels of antioxidant-related enzymes (GSTM5 and GPX4), spermatogenesis-related proteins (CREB1 and INHA) and sex hormone receptors (androgen receptor, luteinizing hormone receptor and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor) were reduced by heat stress; however, GINST treatment effectively ameliorated these changes. In conclusion, GINST was effective in reducing heat-induced damage in various male fertility factors in vivo and has considerable potential to be developed as a useful supplement in improving male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyoung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySeverance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Women's Life Medical ScienceYonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Min Cha
- Department of Biomedical ChemistryCollege of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seock-Yeon Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory ScienceCollege of Health and Medical Science, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Un-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory ScienceCollege of Health and Medical Science, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Kyo Seo
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySeverance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Women's Life Medical ScienceYonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- Department of Biomedical ChemistryCollege of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sik Jeong
- Department of Biomedical ChemistryCollege of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - SiHyun Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyGangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Women's Life Medical ScienceYonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Spandana Rajendra Kopalli
- Department of Biomedical ChemistryCollege of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Kwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical ChemistryCollege of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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10
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Korean red ginseng attenuates doxorubicin-induced testicular dysfunction in rats by modulating inflammatory, oxidative, and autophagy responses. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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11
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Lee SH, Choi KH, Cha KM, Hwang SY, Park UK, Jeong MS, Hong JY, Han CK, In G, Kopalli SR, Kim SK. Protective effects of Korean Red Ginseng against sub-acute immobilization stress-induced testicular damage in experimental rats. J Ginseng Res 2017; 43:125-134. [PMID: 30662301 PMCID: PMC6323174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive stress causes varied physiological and psychological disorders including male reproductive problems. Here, we attempted to investigate the protective effects of Korean Red Ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer; KRG) against sub-acute immobilization stress-induced testicular damage in experimental rats. Methods Male rats (age, 4 wk; weight, 60–70 g) were divided into four groups (n = 8 in each group): normal control group, immobilization control group, immobilization group treated with 100 mg/kg of KRG daily, and immobilization group treated with 200 mg/kg of KRG daily. Normal control and immobilization control groups received vehicle only. KRG (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) was mixed in the standard diet powder and fed daily for 6 mo. Parameters such as organ weight, blood chemistry, sperm kinematic values, and expression levels of testicular-related molecules were measured using commercially available kits, Western blotting, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results Data revealed that KRG restored the altered testis and epididymis weight in immobilization stress-induced rats significantly (p < 0.05). Further, KRG ameliorated the altered blood chemistry and sperm kinematic values when compared with the immobilization control group and attenuated the altered expression levels of spermatogenesis-related proteins (nectin-2, cAMP responsive element binding protein 1, and inhibin-⍺), sex hormone receptors (androgen receptor, luteinizing hormone receptor, and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor), and antioxidant-related enzymes (glutathione S-transferase m5, peroxiredoxin-4, and glutathione peroxidase 4) significantly in the testes of immobilization stress-induced rats. Conclusion KRG protected immobilization stress-induced testicular damage and fertility factors in rats, thereby indicating its potential in the treatment of stress-related male sterility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Ho Lee
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Choi
- Department of Urology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Min Cha
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seock-Yeon Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health and Medical Science, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Un-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health and Medical Science, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sik Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yup Hong
- Department of Urology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Kyun Han
- Botanical Drug Laboratory, Korea Ginseng Research Institute, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyo In
- Botanical Drug Laboratory, Korea Ginseng Research Institute, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Spandana Rajendra Kopalli
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Kwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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Kopalli SR, Cha KM, Ryu JH, Lee SH, Jeong MS, Hwang SY, Lee YJ, Song HW, Kim SN, Kim JC, Kim SK. Korean red ginseng improves testicular ineffectiveness in aging rats by modulating spermatogenesis-related molecules. Exp Gerontol 2017; 90:26-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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13
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Specific activity of Korean red ginseng saponin and non-saponin fractions in ageing-induced rat testicular dysfunction. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Pectinase-treated Panax ginseng protects against chronic intermittent heat stress-induced testicular damage by modulating hormonal and spermatogenesis-related molecular expression in rats. J Ginseng Res 2016; 41:578-588. [PMID: 29021707 PMCID: PMC5628353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elevated testicular temperature disrupts spermatogenesis and causes infertility. In the present study, the protective effect of enzymatically biotransformed Panax ginseng Meyer by pectinase (GINST) against chronic intermittent heat stress-induced testicular damage in rats was investigated. Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats (4 wk old, 60–70 g) were divided into four groups: normal control (NC), heat-stress control (HC), heat-stress plus GINST-100 mg/kg (HG100), and heat-stress plus GINST-200 mg/kg (HG200) treatment groups. Each dose of GINST (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) was mixed separately with a regular pellet diet and was administered orally for 24 wk. For inducing heat stress, rats in the NC group were maintained at 25°C, whereas rats in the HC, HG100, and HG200 groups were exposed to 32 ± 1°C for 2 h daily for 6 mo. At week 25, the testes and serum from each animal were analyzed for various parameters. Results Significant (p < 0.01) changes in the sperm kinematic values and blood chemistry panels were observed in the HC group. Furthermore, spermatogenesis-related molecules, sex hormone receptors, and selected antioxidant enzyme expression levels were also altered in the HC group compared to those in the NC group. GINST (HS100 and HS200) administration significantly (p < 0.05) restored these changes when compared with the HC group. For most of the parameters tested, the HG200 group exhibited potent effects compared with those exhibited by the HG100 group. Conclusion GINST may be categorized as an important medicinal herb and a potential therapeutic for the treatment of male subfertility or infertility caused by hyperthermia.
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Eskandari M, Jani S, Kazemi M, Zeighami H, Yazdinezhad A, Mazloomi S, Shokri S. Ameliorating Effect of Ginseng on Epididymo-Orchitis Inducing Alterations in Sperm Quality and Spermatogenic Cells Apoptosis following Infection by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Rats. CELL JOURNAL 2016; 18:446-57. [PMID: 27602327 PMCID: PMC5011333 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.4573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective Epididymo-orchitis (EO) potentially results in reduced fertility in up to 60%
of affected patients. The anti-inflammatory effects of Korean red ginseng (KRG) and its
ability to act as an immunoenhancer in parallel with the beneficial effects of this ancient
herbal medicine on the reproductive systems of animals and humans led us to evaluate its
protective effects against acute EO.
Materials and Methods This animal experimental study was conducted in the Department of Anatomical Sciences,
Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences
(ZUMS), Zanjan, Iran during 2013-2015. We divided 50 Wistar rats into five following
groups (n=10 per group): i. Control-intact animals, ii. Vehicle-phosphate buffered saline
(PBS) injection into the vas deferens, iii. KRG-an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of KRG, iv.
EO-an injection of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strain M39 into the vas defer-
ens, and v. EO/ KRG-injections of both UPEC strain M39 and KRG. The treatment lasted
seven days. We then evaluated sperm parameters, number of germ cell layers, Johnson’s
criteria, germ cell apoptosis, body weight and relative sex organs weight.
Results Acute EO increased the relative weight of prostate and seminal vesicles (P≤0.05).
It also reduced sperm quality such as total motility, sperm concentration (P≤0.01), and the
percentage of normal sperm (P≤0.001). Moreover, acute EO decreased Miller’s (P≤0.05)
and Johnsen’s scores and increased apoptotic indexes of spermatogenic cells (P≤0.001).
KRG treatment decreased prostate weight gain (P≤0.05) and improved the percentage of
sperm with normal morphology, total motility (P≤0.01), and progressive motility (P≤0.05).
The apoptotic indexes of spermatogenic cells reduced (P≤0.001), whereas both Johnsen’s (P≤0.01) and Miller’s criteria increased in the KRG-treated EO testis (P≤0.05).
Conclusion Consequently, KRG ameliorated the devastating effects of EO on the sperm
retrieved from either epididymis or testicle in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Eskandari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Soghra Jani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Kazemi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib Zeighami
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Alireza Yazdinezhad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Sahar Mazloomi
- Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Saeed Shokri
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Eskandari M, Ghalyanchi Langeroudi A, Zeighami H, Rostami A, Kazemi M, Eyni H, Shokri S. Co-administration of ginseng and ciprofloxacin ameliorates epididymo-orchitis induced alterations in sperm quality and spermatogenic cells apoptosis following infection in rats. Andrologia 2016; 49. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Eskandari
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Medicine; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Zanjan Iran
| | - A. Ghalyanchi Langeroudi
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Medicine; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Zanjan Iran
| | - H. Zeighami
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Medicine; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Zanjan Iran
| | - A. Rostami
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Medicine; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Zanjan Iran
| | - M. Kazemi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - H. Eyni
- Department of Anatomical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | - S. Shokri
- Department of Anatomical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Zanjan Iran
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Kopalli SR, Cha KM, Jeong MS, Lee SH, Sung JH, Seo SK, Kim SK. Pectinase-treated Panax ginseng ameliorates hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in GC-2 sperm cells and modulates testicular gene expression in aged rats. J Ginseng Res 2016; 40:185-95. [PMID: 27158240 PMCID: PMC4845052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the effect of pectinase-treated Panax ginseng (GINST) in cellular and male subfertility animal models. Methods Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced mouse spermatocyte GC-2spd cells were used as an in vitro model. Cell viability was measured using MTT assay. For the in vivo study, GINST (200 mg/kg) mixed with a regular pellet diet was administered orally for 4 mo, and the changes in the mRNA and protein expression level of antioxidative and spermatogenic genes in young and aged control rats were compared using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Results GINST treatment (50 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, and 200 μg/mL) significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited the H2O2-induced (200 μM) cytotoxicity in GC-2spd cells. Furthermore, GINST (50 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL) significantly (p < 0.05) ameliorated the H2O2-induced decrease in the expression level of antioxidant enzymes (peroxiredoxin 3 and 4, glutathione S-transferase m5, and glutathione peroxidase 4), spermatogenesis-related protein such as inhibin-α, and specific sex hormone receptors (androgen receptor, luteinizing hormone receptor, and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor) in GC-2spd cells. Similarly, the altered expression level of the above mentioned genes and of spermatogenesis-related nectin-2 and cAMP response element-binding protein in aged rat testes was ameliorated with GINST (200 mg/kg) treatment. Taken together, GINST attenuated H2O2-induced oxidative stress in GC-2 cells and modulated the expression of antioxidant-related genes and of spermatogenic-related proteins and sex hormone receptors in aged rats. Conclusion GINST may be a potential natural agent for the protection against or treatment of oxidative stress-induced male subfertility and aging-induced male subfertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spandana Rajendra Kopalli
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Kyu-Min Cha
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Min-Sik Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Sung
- Il Hwa Co., Ltd., Ginseng Research Institute, Guri, Korea
| | - Seok-Kyo Seo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Si-Kwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
- Corresponding author. Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Korea.
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Korean red ginseng protects against doxorubicin-induced testicular damage: An experimental study in rats. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Mabunga DFN, Gonzales ELT, Kim JW, Kim KC, Shin CY. Exploring the Validity of Valproic Acid Animal Model of Autism. Exp Neurobiol 2015; 24:285-300. [PMID: 26713077 PMCID: PMC4688329 DOI: 10.5607/en.2015.24.4.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The valproic acid (VPA) animal model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the most widely used animal model in the field. Like any other disease models, it can't model the totality of the features seen in autism. Then, is it valid to model autism? This model demonstrates many of the structural and behavioral features that can be observed in individuals with autism. These similarities enable the model to define relevant pathways of developmental dysregulation resulting from environmental manipulation. The uncovering of these complex pathways resulted to the growing pool of potential therapeutic candidates addressing the core symptoms of ASD. Here, we summarize the validity points of VPA that may or may not qualify it as a valid animal model of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darine Froy N Mabunga
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, and Neuroscience Research Center, SMART-IABS and KU Open Innovation Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Edson Luck T Gonzales
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, and Neuroscience Research Center, SMART-IABS and KU Open Innovation Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Ji-Woon Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, and Neuroscience Research Center, SMART-IABS and KU Open Innovation Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Ki Chan Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, and Neuroscience Research Center, SMART-IABS and KU Open Innovation Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Chan Young Shin
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, and Neuroscience Research Center, SMART-IABS and KU Open Innovation Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea. ; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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20
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Kopalli SR, Hwang SY, Won YJ, Kim SW, Cha KM, Han CK, Hong JY, Kim SK. Korean red ginseng extract rejuvenates testicular ineffectiveness and sperm maturation process in aged rats by regulating redox proteins and oxidative defense mechanisms. Exp Gerontol 2015; 69:94-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Park HJ, Choe S, Park NC. Effects of Korean red ginseng on semen parameters in male infertility patients: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical study. Chin J Integr Med 2015; 22:490-5. [PMID: 25967606 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2139-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Korean red ginseng (KRG) on semen parameters in male infertility patients in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. METHODS A total of 80 male infertility patients with varicocele were recruited from April 2011 to February 2012. The subjects were then divided into the following four groups: non-varicocelectomy (V)+placebo (P) group, V+P group, non-V+KRG group (1.5-g KRG daily), and V+KGR group (1.5-g KRG daily). Semen analysis was performed and hormonal levels were measured in each treatment arm after 12 weeks. RESULTS All groups but not the non-V+P group, showed significant improvements in sperm concentrations, motility, morphology, and viability at the end of the study. However, there were no significant differences in serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone among groups. The incidence of adverse events was low, and all events were assumed to be unrelated to the treatments administered. CONCLUSIONS Although the exact mechanism by which KRG improves spermatogenesis remains unclear, KRG may be a useful agent for the treatment of male infertility. Nevertheless, additional studies to evaluate the optimal dose and duration of treatment are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jun Park
- Department of Urology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, 602-739, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute of Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, 602-739, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Choe
- Medical Research Institute of Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, 602-739, Republic of Korea.,Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Clinical Trial Center, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, 602-739, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Cheol Park
- Department of Urology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, 602-739, Republic of Korea. .,Medical Research Institute of Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, 602-739, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Jung SW, Kim HJ, Lee BH, Choi SH, Kim HS, Choi YK, Kim JY, Kim ES, Hwang SH, Lim KY, Kim HC, Jang M, Park SK, Cho IH, Nah SY. Effects of Korean Red Ginseng extract on busulfan-induced dysfunction of the male reproductive system. J Ginseng Res 2015. [PMID: 26199556 PMCID: PMC4506375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anticancer agents induce a variety of adverse effects when administered to cancer patients. Busulfan is a known antileukemia agent. When administered for treatment of leukemia in young patients, busulfan could cause damage to the male reproductive system as one of its adverse effects, resulting in sterility. Methods We investigated the effects of Korean Red Ginseng extract (KRGE) on busulfan-induced damage and/or dysfunction of the male reproductive system. Results We found that administration of busulfan to mice: decreased testis weight; caused testicular histological damage; reduced the total number of sperm, sperm motility, serum testosterone concentration; and eventually, litter size. Preadministration of KRGE partially attenuated various busulfan-induced damages to the male reproductive system. These results indicate that KRGE has a protective effect against busulfan-induced damage to the male reproduction system. Conclusion The present study shows a possibility that KRGE could be applied as a useful agent to prevent or protect the male reproductive system from the adverse side effects induced by administration of anticancer agents such as busulfan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Won Jung
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Joong Kim
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Hwan Lee
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun-Hye Choi
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Sook Kim
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang-Kyu Choi
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Yong Kim
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Hwang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Kwang Yong Lim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Minhee Jang
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Park
- Department of Prescriptionology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ik-Hyun Cho
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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Yang M, Lee HS, Hwang MW, Jin M. Effects of Korean red ginseng (Panax Ginseng Meyer) on bisphenol A exposure and gynecologic complaints: single blind, randomized clinical trial of efficacy and safety. Altern Ther Health Med 2014; 14:265. [PMID: 25063041 PMCID: PMC4122766 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Korean red ginseng (KRG) is a processed ginseng from raw ginseng to enhance safety, preservation and efficacy, known having beneficial effects on women's health due to its estrogen like function. While estrogen supplementation showed some modulation of endocrine disrupting chemicals, bisphenol A (BPA) has been focused as a potential endocrine disrupting chemical. In this study, we examined the efficacy and safety outcomes of KRG against BPA, focusing on female quality of life (QOL). Individual variations in susceptibility to KRG were also investigated with the Sasang Typology, the personalized medicine used for hundred years in Korea. METHODS We performed a single-blind randomized clinical trial. Study subjects were young women (N = 22), consumed 2.7 g of KRG or placebo per day for 2 weeks and filled up questionnaires regarding gynecologic complaints at the 4 time spots. We analyzed urinary total BPA and malondialdehyde (MDA), an oxidative stress biomarker, with GC/MS and HPLC/UVD respectively, and diagnosed their Sasang Typology with the questionnaire for the Sasang constitution Classification (QSCC II). RESULTS KRG consumption decreased urinary BPA and MDA levels (ps < 0.05) and alleviated 'menstrual irregularity', 'menstrual pain', and 'constipation' (ps < 0.05). SoEum type (Lesser Yin person) among the Sasang types showed significant alleviation in insomnia, flushing, perspiration and appetite by KRG consumption, rather than other Sasang types. During the intervention, no one experienced any aggravated side effects. CONCLUSION We suggest KRG is efficient for protection for female QOL and BPA- exposure and - related oxidative stress. However, individual variation in susceptibility to KRG should be further considered for identifying ideal therapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION KCT0000920.
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Won YJ, Kim BK, Shin YK, Jung SH, Yoo SK, Hwang SY, Sung JH, Kim SK. Pectinase-treated Panax ginseng extract (GINST) rescues testicular dysfunction in aged rats via redox-modulating proteins. Exp Gerontol 2014; 53:57-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Wanderley MI, Saraiva KLA, César Vieira JSB, Peixoto CA, Udrisar DP. Foetal exposure to Panax ginseng extract reverts the effects of prenatal dexamethasone in the synthesis of testosterone by Leydig cells of the adult rat. Int J Exp Pathol 2013; 94:230-40. [PMID: 23672767 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of maternal exposure to Panax ginseng extract (GE) on the prenatal dexamethasone (DEXA)-induced increase in testosterone production by isolated Leydig cells in adult rats. Pregnant rats were treated with (i) GE (200 mg/kg) or vehicle on days 10-21; (ii) DEXA (100 μg/kg) or vehicle on days 14-21; or (iii) a combination of GE plus DEXA at the same doses and with the same regimen. Testosterone production was induced either by the activator of protein kinase A (dbcAMP) or substrates of steroidogenesis [22(R)-hydroxycholesterol (22(R)-OH-C)] and pregnenolone. The capacity of rat Leydig cells exposed to DEXA to synthesize testosterone induced by dbcAMP, 22(R)-OH-C or pregnenolone was increased in comparison with the control group. Combined exposure to DEXA + GE prevented the effect of DEXA on the responsiveness of Leydig cells to all inductors of testosterone synthesis, whereas GE alone did not modify the response to inductors. No modifications in testosterone production were observed under basal conditions. StAR immunoexpression in Leydig cells was not modified by prenatal exposure to DEXA, GE or DEXA + GE. P450scc and glucocorticoid receptor immunoexpression was higher in offspring exposed to DEXA in comparison with the control group. This increased expression was prevented by combined treatment with DEXA + GE. The present findings demonstrate that GE is capable of reversing the effect of DEXA on testosterone synthesis by rat Leydig cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Wanderley
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
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26
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Kim IH, Kim SK, Kim EH, Kim SW, Sohn SH, Lee SC, Choi S, Pyo S, Rhee DK. Korean Red Ginseng Up-regulates C21-Steroid Hormone Metabolism via Cyp11a1 Gene in Senescent Rat Testes. J Ginseng Res 2013; 35:272-82. [PMID: 23717070 PMCID: PMC3659540 DOI: 10.5142/jgr.2011.35.3.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Revised: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) has been shown to have anti-aging effects in animal and clinical studies. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ginseng exerts these effects remain unknown. Here, the anti-aging effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) in rat testes was examined by system biology analysis. KRG water extract prepared in feed pellets was administered orally into 12 month old rats for 4 months, and gene expression in testes was determined by microarray analysis. Microarray analysis identified 33 genes that significantly changed. Compared to the 2 month old young rats, 13 genes (Rps9, Cyp11a1, RT1-A2, LOC365778, Sv2b, RGD1565959, RGD1304748, etc.) were up-regulated and 20 genes (RT1-Db1, Cldn5, Svs5, Degs1, Vdac3, Hbb, LOC684355, Svs5, Tmem97, Orai1, Insl3, LOC497959, etc.) were down-regulated by KRG in the older rats. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of untreated aged rats versus aged rats treated with KRG showed that the affected most was Cyp11a1, responsible for C21-steroid hormone metabolism, and the top molecular and cellular functions are organ morphology and reproductive system development and function. When genes in young rat were compared with those in the aged rat, sperm capacitation related genes were down-regulated in the old rat. However, when genes in the old rat were compared with those in the old rat treated with KRG, KRG treatment up-regulated C21-steroid hormone metabolism. Taken together, Cyp11a1 expression is decreased in the aged rat, however, it is up-regulated by KRG suggesting that KRG seems enhance testes function via Cyp11a1.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Hye Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
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Choi SH, Kim HJ, Kim BR, Shin TJ, Hwang SH, Lee BH, Lee SM, Rhim H, Nah SY. Gintonin, a ginseng-derived lysophosphatidic acid receptor ligand, potentiates ATP-gated P2X₁ receptor channel currents. Mol Cells 2013; 35:142-50. [PMID: 23456336 PMCID: PMC3887903 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-2293-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginseng, the root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, is used as a general tonic. Recently, we isolated a novel ginsengderived lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor ligand, gintonin. Gintonin activates G protein-coupled LPA receptors with high affinity in cells endogenously expressing LPA receptors, e.g., Xenopus oocytes. P2X receptors are ligandgated ion channels activated by extracellular ATP, and 7 receptor subtypes (P2X1-P2X7) have been identified. Most of the P2X1 receptors are expressed in the smooth muscles of genitourinary organs involved in reproduction. A main characteristic of the P2X1 receptor is rapid desensitization after repeated ATP treatment of cells or tissues expressing P2X1 receptors. In the present study, we examined the effect of gintonin on P2X1 receptor channel activity. P2X1 receptors were heterologously expressed in Xenopus oocytes. ATP treatment of oocytes expressing P2X1 receptors induced large inward currents (I ATP ), but repetitive ATP treatments induced a rapid desensitization of I ATP . Gintonin treatment after P2X1 receptor desensitization potentiated I ATP in a concentration-dependent manner. We further examined the signaling transduction pathways involved in gintonin-mediated potentiation of I ATP . Gintoninmediated I ATP potentiation was blocked by Ki16425, an LPA1/3 receptor antagonist, a PKC inhibitor, a PLC inhibitor, and a PI4-Kinase inhibitor but not by a calcium chelator. In addition, mutations of the phosphoinositide binding site of the P2X1 receptor greatly attenuated the gintonin-mediated I ATP potentiation. These results indicate that G protein-coupled LPA receptor activation by gintonin is coupled to the potentiation of the desensitized P2X1 receptor through a phosphoinositide-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hye Choi
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701,
Korea
| | - Hyeon-Joong Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701,
Korea
| | - Bo-Ra Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701,
Korea
| | - Tae-Joon Shin
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701,
Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Hwang
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701,
Korea
| | - Byung-Hwan Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701,
Korea
| | - Sang-Mok Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701,
Korea
| | - Hyewhon Rhim
- Life Science Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 130-701,
Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701,
Korea
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Effects of Korean red ginseng extracts on neural tube defects and impairment of social interaction induced by prenatal exposure to valproic acid. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 51:288-96. [PMID: 23104247 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ginseng is one of the most widely used medicinal plants, which belongs to the genus Panax. Compared to uncured white ginseng, red ginseng has been generally regarded to produce superior pharmacological effects with lesser side/adverse effects, which made it popular in a variety of formulation from tea to oriental medicine. Using the prenatal valproic acid (VPA)-injection model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in rats, which produces social impairrment and altered seizure susceptibility as in human ASD patients as well as mild neural tube defects like crooked tail phenotype, we examined whether chronic administration of red ginseng extract may rescue the social impairment and crooked tail phenotype in prenatally VPA-exposed rat offspring. VPA-induced impairment in social interactions tested using sociability and social preference paradigms as well as crooked tail phenotypes were significantly improved by administration of Korean red ginseng (KRG) in a dose dependent manner. Rat offspring prenatally exposed to VPA showed higher sensitivity to electric shock seizure and increased locomotor activity in open-field test. KRG treatment reversed abnormal locomotor activity and sensitivity to electric shock to control level. These results suggest that KRG may modulate neurobehavioral and structural organization of nervous system adversely affected by prenatal exposure to VPA.
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Oguz F, Ciftci O, Aydın M, Timurkaan N, Beytur A, Altıntas R, Parlakpinar H. Aminoguanidine prevents testicular damage-induced-2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in male rats. Andrologia 2012; 45:225-31. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2012.01334.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F. Oguz
- Department of Urology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Inonu; Malatya; Turkey
| | - O. Ciftci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Inonu; Malatya; Turkey
| | - M. Aydın
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Firat; Elazığ; Turkey
| | - N. Timurkaan
- Vocational School of Health; University of Fırat; Elazig; Turkey
| | - A. Beytur
- Department of Urology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Inonu; Malatya; Turkey
| | - R. Altıntas
- Department of Urology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Inonu; Malatya; Turkey
| | - H. Parlakpinar
- Department of Pharmacology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Inonu; Malatya; Turkey
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Cho DH, Bhattarai JP, Han SK. GABAA Receptor- and Non-NMDA Glutamate Receptor-Mediated Actions of Korean Red Ginseng Extract on the Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Neurons. J Ginseng Res 2012; 36:47-54. [PMID: 23717103 PMCID: PMC3659566 DOI: 10.5142/jgr.2012.36.1.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Revised: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Korean red ginseng (KRG) has been used worldwide as a traditional medicine for the treatment of various reproductive diseases. Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons are the fundamental regulators of pulsatile release of gonadotropin required for fertility. In this study, an extract of KRG (KRGE) was applied to GnRH neurons to identify the receptors activated by KRGE. The brain slice patch clamp technique in whole cell and perforated patch was used to clarify the effect of KRGE on the membrane currents and membrane potentials of GnRH neurons. Application of KRGE (3 μg/μL) under whole cell patch induced remarkable inward currents (56.17±7.45 pA, n=25) and depolarization (12.91±3.80 mV, n=4) in GnRH neurons under high Cl- pipette solution condition. These inward currents were not only reproducible, but also concentration dependent. In addition, inward currents and depolarization induced by KRGE persisted in the presence of the voltage gated Na+ channel blocker tetrodotoxin (TTX), suggesting that the responses by KRGE were postsynaptic events. Application of KRGE under the gramicidin perforated patch induced depolarization in the presence of TTX suggesting its physiological significance on GnRH response. Further, the KRGE-induced inward currents were partially blocked by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX; non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist, 10 μM) or picrotoxin (PIC; GABAA receptor antagonist, 50 μM), and almost blocked by PIC and CNQX mixture. Taken together, these results suggest that KRGE contains ingredients with possible GABA and non-NMDA glutamate receptor mimetic activity, and may play an important role in the endocrine function of reproductive physiology, via activation of GABAA and non-NMDA glutamate receptors in GnRH neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyu Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 561-712, Korea
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Sönmez M, Türk G, Çeribaşı AO, Sakin F, Ateşşahin A. Attenuating effect of lycopene and ellagic acid on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin–induced spermiotoxicity and testicular apoptosis. Drug Chem Toxicol 2011; 34:347-56. [DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2011.557382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Ciftci O, Aydin M, Ozdemir I, Vardi N. Quercetin prevents 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced testicular damage in rats. Andrologia 2011; 44:164-73. [PMID: 21486423 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2010.01126.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The protective effect of quercetin on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced testicular damage in rats was investigated. Twenty-two rats were equally divided into four groups; first group was kept as control and given corn oil as carrier. In second group, TCDD was orally administered at the dose of 2 μ (kg week)(-1) for 60 days. In third group, quercetin was orally administered at the dose of 20 mg (kg day)(-1) by gavages, and in fourth group TCDD and quercetin were given together at the same doses. Although TCDD increased the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) significantly, it caused a significant decline in the levels of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), GSH-Px and CuZn-Superoxide Dismutase (CuZn-SOD) in rats. In contrast, quercetin significantly increased the GSH, CAT, GSH-Px and CuZn-SOD levels but decreased the formation of TBARS. In addition, sperm motility, sperm concentration and serum testosterone levels were significantly decreased but abnormal sperm rate and testicular damage were increased with TCDD treatment. However, these effects of TCDD on sperm parameters, histological changes and hormone levels were eliminated by quercetin treatment. Our results show that administration of TCDD induces testicular damage (oxidative stress, testes tissue damage, serum hormone level and sperm parameters), and quercetin prevents TCDD-induced testicular damage in rats. Thus, quercetin may be useful for the prevention and treatment of TCDD-induced testicular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ciftci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, University of Inonu, Faculty of Pharmacy, Malatya, Turkey.
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Hwang SY, Sohn SH, Wee JJ, Yang JB, Kyung JS, Kwak YS, Kim SW, Kim SK. Panax ginseng Improves Senile Testicular Function in Rats. J Ginseng Res 2010. [DOI: 10.5142/jgr.2010.34.4.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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van Hooft P, Prins HHT, Getz WM, Jolles AE, van Wieren SE, Greyling BJ, van Helden PD, Bastos ADS. Rainfall-driven sex-ratio genes in African buffalo suggested by correlations between Y-chromosomal haplotype frequencies and foetal sex ratio. BMC Evol Biol 2010; 10:106. [PMID: 20416038 PMCID: PMC2875233 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-10-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 04/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Y-chromosomal diversity in the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) population of Kruger National Park (KNP) is characterized by rainfall-driven haplotype frequency shifts between year cohorts. Stable Y-chromosomal polymorphism is difficult to reconcile with haplotype frequency variations without assuming frequency-dependent selection or specific interactions in the population dynamics of X- and Y-chromosomal genes, since otherwise the fittest haplotype would inevitably sweep to fixation. Stable Y-chromosomal polymorphism due one of these factors only seems possible when there are Y-chromosomal distorters of an equal sex ratio, which act by negatively affecting X-gametes, or Y-chromosomal suppressors of a female-biased sex ratio. These sex-ratio (SR) genes modify (suppress) gamete transmission in their own favour at a fitness cost, allowing for stable polymorphism. Results Here we show temporal correlations between Y-chromosomal haplotype frequencies and foetal sex ratios in the KNP buffalo population, suggesting SR genes. Frequencies varied by a factor of five; too high to be alternatively explained by Y-chromosomal effects on pregnancy loss. Sex ratios were male-biased during wet and female-biased during dry periods (male proportion: 0.47-0.53), seasonally and annually. Both wet and dry periods were associated with a specific haplotype indicating a SR distorter and SR suppressor, respectively. Conclusions The distinctive properties suggested for explaining Y-chromosomal polymorphism in African buffalo may not be restricted to this species alone. SR genes may play a broader and largely overlooked role in mammalian sex-ratio variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pim van Hooft
- Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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James WH. The offspring sex ratios of male mammals treated with dioxin before mating: Comment on the paper of Ishihara et al. Reprod Toxicol 2010; 29:246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2009.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Lee SC, Hwang SY, Kim SW, Kim SK. Ethanol Extract ofAllium sativumAttenuates Testicular and Liver Toxicity Induced by 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin in Rats. J Med Food 2009; 12:93-9. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2007.0620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Chan Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Cheongju-City, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Seock-Yeon Hwang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Juseong College, Cheongju-City, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Won Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Cheongju-City, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Kwan Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Cheongju-City, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Choi JS, Kim IW, Hwang SY, Shin BJ, Kim SK. Effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on testicular spermatogenesis-related panels and serum sex hormone levels in rats. BJU Int 2007; 101:250-5. [PMID: 17868417 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2007.07202.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the detrimental role of tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in testicular histology, spermatogenesis-related panels and proteome, and serum sex hormone levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS In all, 40 male rats were divided into equal groups: a normal control (NC) group that received vehicle and saline, and a TCDD-treated (TT) group injected intraperitoneally with TCDD (one dose, 50 microg/kg body weight). The rats were killed 4 weeks after TCDD exposure and testicular weight, histopathology, proteome and variables related to spermatogenesis, and serum sex hormone levels were investigated. RESULTS TCDD induced a significant decrease in testicular weight, Johnsen's score, seminiferous tubular size, percentage of tubules containing sperm, sperm counts, germ cell counts and Sertoli cell index. In addition, there was a significant decrease in serum testosterone level (P < 0.01) and a remarkable increase in oestradiol (P < 0.01), follicle-stimulating hormone (P < 0.05) and luteinizing hormone (P < 0.05) levels in the TT group. The expression of six testicular proteins including testis-specific heat shock protein (Hsp70), protein disulphide isomerase A3 precursor, 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, nonmuscle myosin heavy-chain type B-like protein, and superoxide dismutase 1 were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05-0.01). Interestingly, fertility protein SP22 and phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein were down-regulated but this was only significant for fertility protein SP22 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION TCDD induces marked histological changes in the testis, impairs variables related to spermatogenesis, and increases serum oestradiol levels but decreases testosterone levels. In particular, TCDD disturbs testicular proteome profiles in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Soon Choi
- Proteomics Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Taejeon, Korea
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Park WS, Shin DY, Kim DR, Yang WM, Chang MS, Park SK. Korean ginseng induces spermatogenesis in rats through the activation of cAMP-responsive element modulator (CREM). Fertil Steril 2007; 88:1000-2. [PMID: 17418830 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2006] [Revised: 12/28/2006] [Accepted: 12/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of Korean ginseng (ginseng) on spermatogenesis and cAMP-responsive element modulator (CREM) in rat testes was evaluated using sperm analysis, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis. The ginseng-treated rats exhibited significantly increased sperm count and motility with enhanced levels of CREM messenger RNA and protein. Ginseng appears to induce spermatogenesis via CREM activation in rat testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Su Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyungwon University, Seongnam, Korea
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