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Fujii K, Lee S, Katayama O, Makino K, Harada K, Tomida K, Morikawa M, Yamaguchi R, Nishijima C, Misu Y, Shimada H. Diversity in productive activities enhances life satisfaction among Japanese community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 58:232-237. [PMID: 38838405 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Few studies have reported an association between diversity in productive activities and life satisfaction; hence, this cross-sectional study conducted in Japan aimed to clarify this association. We assessed the life satisfaction of 4,498 Japanese community-dwelling older adults engaged in productive activities (e.g., paid work, volunteering, taking care of children, and supporting others) using the Life Satisfaction Scale. We took the sum of the number of engaging productive activities as the diversity in productive activities score. A dose-response relationship was observed for each additional productive activity on life satisfaction. Participants who engaged in one, two, three, or four productive activities were more likely to have higher life satisfaction than those who did not engage; the odds ratios (95 % confidence intervals) were 1.19 (1.02-1.39), 1.19 (1.00-1.42), 1.71 (1.37-2.13), and 2.27 (1.58-3.27), respectively. Diversity in productive activities may enhance higher life satisfaction likelihood among Japanese community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Fujii
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Osamu Katayama
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1, Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keitaro Makino
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kouki Tomida
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masanori Morikawa
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishijima
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuka Misu
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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Akosile CO, Mgbeojedo UG, Okoye EC, Odole AC, Uwakwe R, Ani UK. Social Support as a Correlate of Depression and Quality of Life Among Nigerian Older Adults: a Cross-Sectional Study. J Cross Cult Gerontol 2024; 39:173-188. [PMID: 38710976 DOI: 10.1007/s10823-024-09506-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Reduced social support has been associated with presence of depression and reduced quality of life among older adults. The relationships may be better understood by exploring the interactions of individual domains among the constructs. This cross-sectional survey involved a consecutive sample of 206 (116 females and 90 males) older adults living in a Southern Nigeria community. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Geriatric Depression Scale, and World Health Organization Quality of Life-OLD Questionnaire, were used to measure social support, depression, and quality of life respectively. Data was analyzed using frequency counts, percentages, mean, standard deviation, multiple regression and Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient, at 0.05 alpha level. Prevalence rate of depression among participants was 45.5%. Social support was perceived to be low by 37.4% of participants with the lowest mean social support score coming from friends domain. Participants' quality of life was generally fairly good (> 60%) with the lowest scores coming from the intimacy domain. Significant correlations between social support domains and each of quality of life (p < 0.05) and depression were respectively positive and negative; but weakest for the friend and strongest for significant others domains. All quality of life domains were significantly correlated with social support except the death and dying domain. All the domains of social support (family and significant other) were significant predictors of depression except the friend domain. Significant others around individual older adults particularly those with depression ought to be educated on the importance of their roles. Stakeholders including healthcare providers may create and support programmes for improved social networking for the older adults in order to enhance their general wellbeing and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher O Akosile
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Ukamaka Gloria Mgbeojedo
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria.
- Medical Rehabilitation Department, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
| | - Emmanuel C Okoye
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Adesola C Odole
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Richard Uwakwe
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Umezulike K Ani
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
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Hou B, Zhang H. Latent profile analysis of depression among older adults living alone in China. J Affect Disord 2023; 325:378-385. [PMID: 36640808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of older adults living alone has increased significantly. Depression is one of the significant mental health problems they face; classifying depressive conditions into homogeneous subgroups can help discover hidden information. METHODS The data comes from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify depression subgroups among elderly living alone, Chi-square tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to univariate analysis, multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors. RESULTS 1831 older adults living alone were identified and classified as low-level (30.4 %), moderate-level (55.3 %) and high-level (14.4 %). All variables, except age, were significant in the univariate analysis. Multinomial logistic regression showed that not participating in exercise, sometimes interacting with friends, anxiety symptoms, and impaired IADL were associated with the moderate- and high-level of depression in older adults living alone; good or fair self-rated health and life satisfaction were associated with the low-level of depression in older adults living alone. Anxiety symptoms were associated with high-level of depression in older adults living alone compared to moderate-level; good or fair self-rated health and life satisfaction were associated with moderate-level of depression in older adults living alone. LIMITATIONS The CES-D-10 cannot fully determine the presence of depression in elderly people living alone at high-level. CONCLUSIONS In future primary health care, it would be more meaningful to provide targeted interventions for different subgroups of depression in older adults living alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailing Hou
- Department of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.
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Jang S, Yang E. Sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors as factors related to depression and health-related quality of life among older women living alone: a population-based study. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2023; 20:6. [PMID: 36907854 PMCID: PMC10010020 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-023-00314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the number of older women living alone (OWLA) has risen steadily in aging societies, and research has been conducted on depression and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among older adults, research is scarce on the health behaviors of OWLA, including their sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors. Hence, we aimed to identify factors related to depression and HRQoL among this subset of the population, focusing on their health behaviors, using Andersen's model as a research framework. METHODS Data for secondary analysis were from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020). The inclusion criteria were (1) women aged 65 and older and (2) those living alone. We included 794 older South Korean women living alone from 31,051 respondents. We used hierarchical regression analysis, considering sampling weight and a complex sample design, to identify factors related to depression and HRQoL. RESULTS Among the health behavior factors of Andersen's model as a research framework, sleep was associated with depression, whereas physical activity and sedentary behaviors were related to HRQoL. Subjective health status, limited activity, and perceived stress were associated with both depression and HRQoL. Household income, as an enabling factor, was only associated with HRQoL. The final regression model explained 39% of the variance in depression (p < 0.001) and 37% of the variance in HRQoL (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the importance of strategies to improve specific healthy behaviors that affect depression and HRQoL in OWLA. Appropriate interventions that target increasing physical activity and quality of sleep, and decreasing sedentary behaviors, will be effective to enhance the well-being of OWLA. Healthcare providers should comprehensively understand the characteristics of OWLA and pay more attention to enabling, need, and health behavior factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Jang
- Department of Nursing, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjin Yang
- Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,College of Nursing, Gachon University, 191 Hambangmoe-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea.
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Kandapan B, Pradhan J, Pradhan I. Living arrangement of Indian elderly: a predominant predictor of their level of life satisfaction. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:88. [PMID: 36765271 PMCID: PMC9921119 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03791-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article aims to examine the level of life satisfaction (LS) among Indian older adults and to determine whether their living arrangement is one of the potential determinants of their level of LS. METHODS Data was drawn from the first and most recent wave of Longitudinal Ageing Study in India conducted in 2017-18. Using the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the level of LS was assessed for 30,370 elderly aged 60 + . Bivariate analysis was carried out to see the variation in the level of LS across elderlies with different socio-demographic characteristics. To investigate the association between LS and living arrangements and the selected socio-demographic factors multinomial logistic regression model was fitted. RESULT The findings reveal that 25.4% and 45.5% of the elderlies have reported having a low and high level of LS, respectively. Living alone was associated with low level of LS. Co-residing with a spouse was associated with a higher likelihood of reporting high level of LS. The study also found that having both spouse and children as coresident increases the likelihood of reporting high level of LS (RRR = 3.15, 95%CI = 2.3-4.28). Elderly with self-reported poor health, limitation in more than two activities of daily living and presence of depressive symptoms were significantly associated with reporting low level of LS. However, being diagnosed with more than three chronic illnesses was associated with high level of LS (RRR = 1.41, 95%CI = 1.25-1.59). Older adults with the following characteristics were more likely to report a lower level of LS: male, 60-64 years old, no or few years of schooling, unmarried, working, rural resident, living in a poor household, Scheduled Caste and Tribe. CONCLUSION The level of life satisfaction in Indian older adults is significantly associated with their living arrangements, thus suggesting that the LS of older adults could be facilitated through interventions that consider their living arrangements. Older adults with various personal and household characteristics were identified as vulnerable groups, who should be the prime targets of the existing welfare policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binayak Kandapan
- grid.444703.00000 0001 0744 7946Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769008 India
| | - Jalandhar Pradhan
- grid.444703.00000 0001 0744 7946Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769008 India
| | - Itishree Pradhan
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
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Shamsikhani S, Ahmadi F, Kazemnejad A, Vaismoradi M. Design and psychometric properties of the family support for older people questionnaire. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1068839. [PMID: 36817922 PMCID: PMC9932903 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1068839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives The population of older people is increasing across the world. Older people need care and support from their families to be able to live independently. This study aimed to design and evaluate the psychometric properties of the family support for older people (FSOP) questionnaire. Methods In this instrument development study using a mixed-methods design, the psychometric properties of the FSOP questionnaire in terms of validity and reliability were evaluated. Results The FSOP questionnaire consisted of 50 items in six domains. It was shown to have appropriate qualitative and quantitative validities (score > 1.5). The indicators of content validity (CVR > 0.62, ICVI ≥ 0.80, and SCVI > 0.94) and confirmatory factor analysis (indexes of χ2/df = 2.50, CFI = 0.96, GFI = 0.97, AGFI = 0.96, NNFI = 0.96, PNFI = 0.89, TLI = 0.96, and RMSEA = 0.06) were satisfactory. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for reliability was 0.94, indicating an optimal score. Conclusions Healthcare providers and family caregivers are suggested to use the FSOP questionnaire for improving the quality of life of older people at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Shamsikhani
- Shazand School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran,Nursing Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fazlollah Ahmadi
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Fazlollah Ahmadi ✉
| | - Anoshirvan Kazemnejad
- Biostatistical Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Vaismoradi
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Bodø, Norway,Faculty of Science and Health, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia
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Nagargoje VP, James KS, Muhammad T. Moderation of marital status and living arrangements in the relationship between social participation and life satisfaction among older Indian adults. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20604. [PMID: 36446850 PMCID: PMC9708669 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Social participation is considered one of the central components of successful and healthy aging. This study aimed to examine the moderating role of marital status and living arrangement with social participation and its association with life satisfaction of older Indian adults. Samples of 31,464 individuals aged ≥ 60 years were extracted from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, wave-1. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multivariable linear regression were performed for the analysis. The moderation effect of marital status and living arrangements on the relationship between social participation and level of life satisfaction among Indian older adults were also analyzed. Overall, life satisfaction among older men was relatively higher than older women in this study. Older adults' involvement in social participation [β = 0.39, p < 0.05], being in marital union [β = 0.68, p < 0.001] and co-residing either with spouse [β = 1.73, p < 0.001] or with other family members [β = 2.18, p < 0.001] were positively related to their greater life satisfaction. Interaction of social participation with marital status showed that participating in social activities can boost life satisfaction only among married older people. Further, moderation effect of social participation with living arrangements showed that older adults who were not involved in social participation but living with a spouse or any other household members had higher life satisfaction, and again participation in social activities increased their life satisfaction to a greater level. The establishment of social clubs and advocating social policies oriented toward meaningful social connections are highly needed, especially for older Indians living alone or currently not in a marital union, which will help to enhance their overall life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha P. Nagargoje
- grid.419349.20000 0001 0613 2600International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai, 400088 India
| | - K. S. James
- grid.419349.20000 0001 0613 2600International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai, 400088 India
| | - T. Muhammad
- grid.419349.20000 0001 0613 2600International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai, 400088 India
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Lee H, Kang S, Choun S, Lee D, Lee HS, Aldwin CM. Life satisfaction of Korean Vietnam War Veterans in later life: A lifespan approach. MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2021.1962193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunyup Lee
- Department of Psychology and Management, Korea Military Academy, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungrok Kang
- Department of Psychology and Management, Korea Military Academy, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soyoung Choun
- School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Dylan Lee
- School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Hye-Soo Lee
- School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Carolyn M. Aldwin
- School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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Hamid TA, Din HM, Bagat MF, Ibrahim R. Do Living Arrangements and Social Network Influence the Mental Health Status of Older Adults in Malaysia? Front Public Health 2021; 9:624394. [PMID: 34026706 PMCID: PMC8131656 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.624394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Living arrangement has been reported to have a significant influence on several mental health statuses of older adults, but their social network may confound this association. This study is aimed at examining the interactive effect of living arrangements and social network on the mental health status among older adults in Malaysia. A total of 2,188 Malaysian older adults living nationwide were included in this cross-sectional study. Participants were classified into four groups according to their living arrangements (living alone or not living alone) and social network size (assessed using Lubben's Social Network Scale-6). Poor social network was defined as the lowest quartile (fourth quartile) of the score. Mental health statuses, which include flourishing in life, life satisfaction, cognitive functions, loneliness, depression, and perceived stress, were measured. Multiple linear regression models, adjusted for age, gender, education, and comorbidities, revealed that a good social network was significantly associated with an increase on the flourishing scale scores, regardless of living arrangements. Not living alone and having good social network was significantly associated with increased Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores and decreased loneliness scores. This study found that living arrangements are not always a risk factor for the mental health status of older adults. However, it may be confounded by the level of their social networks. The results suggested that the effects of social network may exceed the impact of living arrangements. It is recommended that health professionals pay more attention to the social networks of older Malaysians to harness its benefits in improving their mental health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengku Aizan Hamid
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Hazwan Mat Din
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Rahimah Ibrahim
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Trinh QT, Yiengprugsawan VS, Kendig H. Older People’s Life Satisfaction, Health and Intergenerational Relationships in Vietnam. JOURNAL OF POPULATION AGEING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12062-020-09276-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Choi YR, Park HR, Song KH, Lee Y, Lim YS. Disparities in dietary quantity and quality between the two different types of Korean family of older adults living with spouses and living alone: using data from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Nutr Res Pract 2020; 14:242-251. [PMID: 32528631 PMCID: PMC7263895 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2020.14.3.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to examine disparities in food and nutrient intakes based on family types identified among 1,856 participants who were the Korean elderly people in the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES) excluding those who were currently practicing the diet therapy. SUBJECTS/METHODS We separated the subjects into two groups: living alone (LA, n = 638) and living with a spouse (LS, n = 1,218). We also examined the disparities of dietary quantity and quality of those two groups using complex sampling design general linear regression analyses (CS GLM). RESULTS In the LA group, there was a higher percentage of females and average age in LA group was higher than the participants in the LS group. Household income and education level were significantly lower in LA compared to those of LS. The frequencies of skipping meals were higher in LA. LA's food and nutrient intakes showed lower consumption of vegetables, fruits, seaweeds, and of most nutrients. Even after adjusting for the confounding factors, the consumption of vegetables, seaweeds, carbohydrates, potassium, riboflavin, and vitamin C showed lower in LA than LS. Moreover, LA's nutrient intake ratios compared to the KDRIs were lower which turned out to be similar to their nutrient intakes. CONCLUSIONS These results show that dietary behavior and food intake of the elderly are associated with family types. Frequently skipping meals and less dietary variety are more common with elderly persons who were living alone. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate the supplementary food programs and nutrition education programs for the elderly living alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Rim Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
| | - Hae Ryun Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
| | - Youngmi Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
| | - Young Suk Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
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Hirakawa Y, Chiang C, Yasuda K, Iwaki Y, Andoh H, Aoyama A. Spirituality in older men living alone near the end-of-life. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2020; 81:557-570. [PMID: 31849374 PMCID: PMC6892679 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.81.4.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Older people living alone has been reported to be socially isolated and suffering from loneliness. Although spiritual care is a core element of end-of-life care for older people, a clear-cut definition of spirituality has not been established yet. It remains unclear how spirituality is perceived by heath care professionals and how spiritual care is delivered in the end of life. Also, most of the previous studies on perspective of older people living alone targeted women, while very few researches shed light on the experience of older men. The aim of the present study was to investigate the spirituality of older men living alone near the end-of-life. We conducted group interviews targeting 30 care managers and individual in-depth interviews to 15 older men living alone. Qualitative content analysis was used. Five main themes emerged: worthlessness and hopelessness, autonomy and independence, comfort and gratitude, past experiences, and well-being indicator. Our findings provide important additional information that can help clinicians, nurses and care managers achieve better patient-centered care for older men living alone and enhance their dignity. Our investigation found that Japanese older men living alone were enjoying their autonomous status and freedom, despite wide spread negative views of them. Their spiritual health was found to be enhanced through gratitude to everyone with whom they had crossed paths in their life, yearning for the presence of a female companion, and confirming their health measurements were comparative or better than those of others in the same age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Hirakawa
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chifa Chiang
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yasuda
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Iwaki
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideaki Andoh
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Akita University Graduate School of Health Science, Akita, Japan
| | - Atsuko Aoyama
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Liu Y, Zhao Y, Tian Y, Xu L. Does the duration of childhood starvation affect life at age 45 or older in China? The mediating role of socioeconomic and health statuses. J Health Psychol 2020; 26:2520-2537. [PMID: 32356463 DOI: 10.1177/1359105320914364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of the duration of childhood starvation experience on life satisfaction among Chinese people and examined whether and how socioeconomic and health statuses mediated this association. Data were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a nationwide social survey project that was conducted among Chinese individuals aged 45 or older in 2014. The results show that the duration of childhood starvation experience was significantly negatively associated with life satisfaction, and socioeconomic and health statuses mediated this relationship. The findings suggested that more interventions should be conducted among people who have experienced childhood starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Liu
- Central University of Finance and Economics, China
| | | | | | - Ling Xu
- The University of Texas at Arlington, USA
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Sarla E, Lambrinou E, Galanis P, Kalokairinou A, Sourtzi P. Factors That Influence the Relationship Between Social Support and Health-Related Quality of Life of Older People Living in the Community. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2020; 6:2333721420911474. [PMID: 32232114 PMCID: PMC7097870 DOI: 10.1177/2333721420911474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As the proportion of older people in Greece grows and the need for promoting healthy aging is apparent, it becomes increasingly important to investigate the relationship between social support and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of older people in the community. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 451 older people living in the community in greater Athens, Greece, with an anonymous questionnaire, including demographics, and the EQ5D including EuroQol-visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Multivariate linear regression analysis was applied to identify independent factors related to perceived social support and HRQoL. The majority of older people were women, married or widowed, living with their family or alone. Perceived social support was medium and higher from significant others and family. A statistically significant positive relationship was found between social support from significant others/friends and HRQoL, as well as between social support from friends/family/significant others and EQ-VAS. In conclusion, HRQoL of older people is influenced by the received social support.
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Sugisawa H, Sugihara Y. Mediators and Moderators of the Influences of Living Alone on Psychological Distress Among Japanese Older Adults. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2020; 43:313-322. [PMID: 32384289 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study explored gender differences in mediators and moderators of the association between living alone and psychological distress among 2556 Japanese older adults aged 65 years and older. Putative mediators and moderators were physical health, income, informal networks, and social support. Living alone was significantly related to psychological distress only in men. Significant mediators were income in both genders and social support only in men. Living alone in women was related to having more informal networks, which reduced psychological distress. This contributed to mitigating the effect of living alone on psychological distress among women. Effective moderators were not discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiro Sugisawa
- Graduate School of Gerontology, J. F. Oberlin University, Machida-shi, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Sugisawa); and Graduate School of Urban Environment Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Sugihara)
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Zhou Z, Cai L, Zhuang M, Hong YA, Fang Y. A longitudinal analysis of the association between the living arrangements and psychological well-being of older Chinese adults: the role of income sources. BMC Geriatr 2019; 19:347. [PMID: 31822282 PMCID: PMC6904999 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-019-1371-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding how living arrangements may affect psychological well-being (PWB) is critical in China, a society with the largest older population in the world. However, few studies have examined the moderating effect of income sources on the relationship between living arrangements and PWB. Our aim was to examine whether living arrangements are associated with PWB and whether income sources moderate this association. Methods The data were drawn from the third (2002) to sixth (2011/2012) waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Six questions reflecting older adults’ well-being were used to measure PWB. Living arrangements were classified as follows: living alone, living with family and living in an institution. Income sources were categorized into financially independent, supported by children, and governmental support. We performed random-effects ordinal probit models to examine the association of living arrangements with PWB and the moderating effect of income sources on this relationship. Results We included a total sample of 30,899 observations for 16,020 respondents aged 65 and over during 9-year follow-up. Older adults living with family (β = .29, p < .001) and those living in an institution (β = .34, p < .001) had stronger PWB than those living alone; moreover, support from children (β= −.24, p < .001) or from the government (β= −.08, p < .05) has a negative effect on PWB compared to the effect of financial self-support. Living in an institution with support from children (β= −.22, p < .05) led to lower PWB than living alone with financial self-support. The opposite result was observed for older adults living with their family and supported by the government (β = .16, p < .05). Conclusions Our analysis provides a significant contribution to the existing literature on the relationship between living arrangements and PWB in China. We recognize that living with family or in an institution leads to better PWB than does living alone. In addition, financial support from the government can moderate this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province University, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province University, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Meilan Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province University, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Y Alicia Hong
- College of Health & Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Ya Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, China. .,Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province University, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Comparisons of Health Promoting Behavior, Depression, and Life Satisfaction Between Older Adults in Rural Areas in South Korea Living in Group Homes and at Home. J Nurs Res 2018; 27:e21. [PMID: 30289790 PMCID: PMC6553957 DOI: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In South Korea, population aging is advancing at a more rapid rate in rural areas than urban areas, leading to a particularly high percentage of rural-dwelling older adults. Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine and compare health promoting behaviors, depression, and life satisfaction between rural-dwelling older adults who live, respectively, in group homes and at home. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was employed. Study participants included 160 older adults aged 65 years and older who were living in group homes (n = 80) and at home (n = 80) in Gyeonggi province, South Korea. The Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile-II was used to examine health promoting behaviors, the Korean Geriatric Depression Screening Scale was used to examine depression, and the Life Satisfaction Index was used to examine life satisfaction. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 21.0. Results: The data showed significant differences between the two groups in terms of health promoting behaviors (t = −9.035, p < .001), depression (t = 20.861, p < .001), and life satisfaction (t = −12.153, p < .001). Conclusions/Implications for Practice: The mean scores for health promotion behaviors and life satisfaction were higher, and the mean score for depression was lower in the group-home group than the at-home group. The findings from this study may be employed as basic data for establishing residence-appropriate nursing intervention protocols for older adults living in rural areas.
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Abstract
ABSTRACTIn South Korea, the number of older adults living alone is rapidly increasing with the growth of the ageing population. Although there is some evidence of a link between financial strain and depression in this population, there is limited empirical evidence on the relationship between food insecurity and depression in older adults living alone despite the fact that they have a high prevalence of food insecurity and tend to seek food assistance. This study aims to investigate whether food insecurity explains depressive symptoms in Korean older adults living alone. We employed data from the Korea Welfare Panel Study collected from a large-scale national sample in South Korea. Our sample consisted of 815 older adults aged 65 or older who lived alone. Conducting ordinary least square regression analyses, we tested the main effect of food insecurity on depression and the interaction effect of food insecurity and low income. We found that the relationship between food insecurity and depressive symptoms differed by low-income status (b = 6.27, p = 0.047). The association was significant only in the low-income group (b = 1.37, p = 0.04). These findings suggest that protecting access to food may be a promising strategy to lessen depressive symptoms associated with financial strain among older adults living alone.
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Park NS, Jang Y, Lee BS, Chiriboga DA, Chang S, Kim SY. Associations of a social network typology with physical and mental health risks among older adults in South Korea. Aging Ment Health 2018; 22:631-638. [PMID: 28290722 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1286456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to (1) develop an empirical typology of social networks in older Koreans; and (2) examine its effect on physical and mental health. METHOD A sample of 6900 community-dwelling older adults in South Korea was drawn from the 2014 Korean National Elderly Survey. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted to derive social network types using eight common social network characteristics (marital status, living arrangement, the number and frequency of contact with close family/relatives, the number and frequency of contact with close friends, frequency of participation in social activities, and frequency of having visitors at home). The identified typologies were then regressed on self-rated health and depressive symptoms to explore the health risks posed by the group membership. RESULTS The LPA identified a model with five types of social network as being most optimal (BIC = 153,848.34, entropy = .90). The groups were named diverse/family (enriched networks with more engagement with family), diverse/friend (enriched networks with more engagement with friends), friend-focused (high engagement with friends), distant (structurally disengaged), and restricted (structurally engaged but disengaged in family/friends networks). A series of regression analyses showed that membership in the restricted type was associated with more health and mental health risks than all types of social networks except the distant type. CONCLUSION Findings demonstrate the importance of family and friends as a source of social network and call attention to not only structural but also non-structural aspects of social isolation. Findings and implications are discussed in cultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Park
- a School of Social Work, University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Y Jang
- b School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA
| | - B S Lee
- c Department of Mental Health Law and Policy , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - D A Chiriboga
- d Department of Child and Family Studies , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - S Chang
- e Department of Social Welfare , Kyungsung University , Busan , South Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- e Department of Social Welfare , Kyungsung University , Busan , South Korea
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Impact of Living Alone on Depressive Symptoms in Older Korean Widows. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14101191. [PMID: 28991166 PMCID: PMC5664692 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We examined the relationship between living alone and the prevalence of depressive symptoms in older Korean widows and assessed the individual contributions of health, social ties, and socioeconomic factors to the development of depressive symptoms. The study was a secondary analysis using data from widows, 65 years of age and older, who participated in the Living Profiles of Older People Survey (LPOPS). A logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the contributions of health, social ties, and socioeconomic factors to the development of depressive symptoms. Working status and equivalent household income were significantly associated with depressive symptoms in both those living with others and those living alone. Adjustment for health status and social ties did not change the impact of living alone on the prevalence of depressive symptoms. However, adjustment for equivalent household income eliminated the negative association between living alone and depressive symptoms. Our findings indicate that economic resources are more important than health and social ties for alleviating the negative impact of living alone on the development of depressive symptoms in older widows.
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Perseguino MG, Horta ALDM, Ribeiro CA. The family in face of the elderly's reality of living alone. Rev Bras Enferm 2017; 70:235-241. [PMID: 28403294 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to understand the family dynamics in face of the reality of the elderly living alone. METHOD study of qualitative approach with theoretical reference of symbolic interactionism that involved interviews with families. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis. RESULTS six families participated in the study. The discourse analysis originated the following categories: The family respecting their decision making; The family organizing itself to the process of living alone after the age of 80 years; The family experiencing the freedom of living alone. CONCLUSION in this study, it was possible to identify the facilitation of the possibility of living alone with preparation and agreements between the family during the family life cycle, leading to the feeling of freedom and quality of life of all members. Nursing, as a science responsible for elaborating care strategies, should work together with families to assist in the planning of care plans based on the individual social reality of the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Geovane Perseguino
- Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Paulista Nursing School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Lucia de Moraes Horta
- Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Paulista Nursing School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Circéa Amalia Ribeiro
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Paulista Nursing School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Park NS, Jang Y, Lee BS, Chiriboga DA. The relation between living alone and depressive symptoms in older Korean Americans: do feelings of loneliness mediate? Aging Ment Health 2017; 21:304-312. [PMID: 26465083 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2015.1099035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As the opposite end of the continuum from social integration, social isolation may put individuals at a greater risk of poor mental health. Conceptualizing living alone as an objective and structural indicator of social isolation and loneliness as subjective perceptions of social isolation, the present study hypothesized that the relation between living alone and depressive symptoms would be mediated by the feelings of loneliness. Using older Korean Americans as the target population, the mediation model was examined in consideration of the contextual factors such as demographics (age, gender, education, perceived income, and length of stay in the USA), health (chronic conditions and functional disability), and general social integration (size of social network and community social cohesion). METHOD Date were drawn from surveys with 209 older Korean Americans in Central Texas (Mage = 69.6, SD = 7.5). Multivariate regression models of depressive symptoms were entered in the following order: (1) demographics, (2) health, (3) living alone, (4) social network/community social cohesion, and (5) loneliness. The mediation effect of loneliness in the relationship between living alone and depressive symptoms was separately examined using the bootstrapping method. RESULTS Loneliness was found to mediate the relation between living alone and depressive symptoms (indirect effect = 1.03, 95% CI = .05-2.08). CONCLUSION The results suggest that subjective perceptions of loneliness may explain the mechanism through which objective social isolation presents risks for depressive symptoms in older Korean Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Sook Park
- a School of Social Work , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Yuri Jang
- b School of Social Work , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA
| | - Beom S Lee
- c Department of Mental Health Law and Policy , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - David A Chiriboga
- d Department of Child and Family Studies , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
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Chai HW, Jun HJ. Relationship Between Ties With Adult Children and Life Satisfaction Among the Middle-Aged, the Young-Old, and the Oldest-Old Korean Adults. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2017; 85:354-376. [PMID: 28042718 DOI: 10.1177/0091415016685834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
One of the important determinants of well-being among aging parents is their relationship with adult children. Using the two waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing, this study examined how different types of ties with adult children affect the life satisfaction of the Korean middle-aged, the young-old, and the oldest-old adults. Multigroup analysis was used to see if the effects of ties with adult children differ by the three age-groups. The results showed that frequency of contact had positive effect on life satisfaction for all of the age-groups. However, coresidence with children had a negative effect for the middle-aged, but a positive effect for the oldest-old. Finally, exchanges of support with adult children had significant effects only for the young-old. These results show that the importance of different types of ties with children change according to aging parents' life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Chai
- 1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, PA, USA
| | - Hey Jung Jun
- 2 Department of Child and Family Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim BJ, Linton K, Cho S, Ha JH. The Relationship between Neuroticism, Hopelessness, and Depression in Older Korean Immigrants. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145520. [PMID: 26727476 PMCID: PMC4699713 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between neuroticism, hopelessness, and depression among older Korean immigrants. To extend this line of research, this study aimed to examine the effects of neuroticism and hopelessness in predicting depression among older Korean immigrants. METHODS Data for this study came from a survey of 220 first generation Korean immigrants aged 65 years or older in Los Angeles County in 2012. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews with trained social workers using a structured questionnaire translated into Korean. All interviews were conducted in Korean. The neuroticism sub-scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire was used to assess neuroticism (EPQN). Hopelessness was measured by the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). Depression was measured by the 20-item Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. RESULTS The study found that age (β = .26, p< .01), gender (β = -.13, p< .01), income (β = -.13, p< .01), neuroticism (β = .51, p< .01), and hopelessness (β = .15, p< .01) were significant predictors of depression. CONCLUSION The study provides preventive strategies that would help in the development of depression-reduction services or programs for the population, especially for those living with neuroticism and hopelessness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bum Jung Kim
- Myron B. Thompson School of Social Work, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Kristen Linton
- Health Sciences Program, California State University at Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA, United States of America
| | - Sean Cho
- Myron B. Thompson School of Social Work, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States of America
| | - Jung-Hwa Ha
- Department of Social Welfare, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim K, Lee M. Depressive Symptoms of Older Adults Living Alone: The Role of Community Characteristics. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2015. [PMID: 26195500 DOI: 10.1177/0091415015590315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Although some evidence suggests that community characteristics may play an important role in the development of depressive symptoms among older adults, current literature has not attended to the role of community characteristics in depression in South Korea. This study begins to address this gap in the literature by examining the relationship of community characteristics and depressive symptoms, controlling for individual characteristics. Using a cross-sectional design and probability sampling, we surveyed 949 older adults living alone in 70 communities in the Busan metropolitan area in South Korea in 2012. A multilevel logistic regression analysis was conducted to test the hypothesis that community characteristics are predictive of depressive symptoms. We find that both the proportion of older adults and the number of senior citizen facilities in a community are associated with depressive symptoms, whereas community poverty is not related to depressive symptoms. Men with lower income, with lower levels of functional abilities, and without stronger family and friend social networks have a higher risk of depressive symptoms. Implications for research, practice, and policy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongmo Kim
- School of Social Work, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Minhong Lee
- Department of Social Welfare, Dong-Eui University, Busan, South Korea
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Enmarker I, Hellzén O, Ekker K, Berg AGT. Depression in older cat and dog owners: the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT)-3. Aging Ment Health 2015; 19:347-52. [PMID: 24990174 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2014.933310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression constitutes a major health problem for older people, in this study defined as people 65 years of age and older. Previous studies have shown that mental health among older people who live with animals could be improved, but contrary results exist as well. Therefore, the objective of the present population study was to compare the self-rated depression symptoms of both female and male non-pet owners, cat owners, and dog owners. METHOD The participants in this cross-sectional population study included 12,093 people between the ages of 65 and 101. One thousand and eighty three participants owned cats and 814 participants owned dogs. Self-rated depression symptoms were measured using HADS-D, the scale of self-administered depression symptoms in HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). RESULTS The main results showed higher mean values on the HADS-D for cat owners than for both dog and non-pet owners. The latter group rated their depression symptoms the lowest. When dividing the ratings into low- and high-depression symptoms, the logistic regression analysis showed that it was more likely that males who owned cats perceived lower depression symptoms than females who owned cats. No interactions were recognized between pet ownership and subjective general health status, loneliness, or marital status. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a window into the differences in health factors between older females and males who own cats and dogs in rural areas. RESULTS from population studies like ours might increase the available knowledge base when using cats and dogs in clinical environments such as nursing homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingela Enmarker
- a Department of Health Sciences , Nord-Trøndelag University College , Steinkjer , Norway
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Tan KK, He HG, Chan SC, Vehviläinen-Julkunen K. The experience of older people living independently in Singapore. Int Nurs Rev 2015; 62:525-35. [DOI: 10.1111/inr.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K.-K. Tan
- Department of Nursing Science; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - H.-G. He
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - S.W.-C. Chan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery; Faculty of Health and Medicine; The University of Newcastle; Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - K. Vehviläinen-Julkunen
- Department of Nursing Science; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
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Lee HJ, Lyu J, Lee CM, Burr JA. Intergenerational financial exchange and the psychological well-being of older adults in the Republic of Korea. Aging Ment Health 2015; 18:30-9. [PMID: 23581289 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2013.784955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined whether the exchange of instrumental support (i.e., financial resources) among older adults and their children was related to the psychological well-being of older Koreans. METHODS Data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing were employed. Older adults who were aged 65 and older and who had at least one living child who did not live in the respondent's household were included (N = 3791). Well-being was measured with depressive symptoms (CES-D-10) and life satisfaction. For the direction model of exchange, giving and receiving support was assessed with financial aid (cash and non-cash). For the reciprocity model of exchange, four patterns of financial exchanges were identified: both giving and receiving, receiving only, giving only, and no exchange. RESULTS The results from the direction model showed that older adults who give financial support were less likely to be depressed and reported higher levels of life satisfaction. The effect of receiving support was not significant for depression but was related to higher levels of life satisfaction. The results from the reciprocity model showed that those who gave and received support had better psychological health compared to those who only received support. CONCLUSIONS Both giving and receiving were positively related to the psychological well-being of older adults. Our results provide support for identity theory and equity theory as frameworks for understanding intergenerational exchange and well-being of older Koreans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jung Lee
- a Department of Gerontology , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , USA
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29
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Oh DH, Park JH, Lee HY, Kim SA, Choi BY, Nam JH. Association between living arrangements and depressive symptoms among older women and men in South Korea. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2015; 50:133-41. [PMID: 24912401 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-014-0904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the relationship between different types of living arrangements and depressive symptoms among older Korean women and men. METHODS Data were obtained from a nationally representative cross-sectional health survey conducted in 2009 in South Korea. A total of 60,305 participants (34,172 women and 26,133 men) aged 60 years and older were included in the analysis. The living arrangements were categorised into six types as follows: (1) living with a spouse only; (2) living with a spouse in an extended family; (3) living with a spouse in a nuclear family; (4) living alone; (5) living without a spouse in an extended family; and (6) living without a spouse in a nuclear family. The Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was used as the measurement tool for depressive symptoms. We used multiple regression analysis to estimate the effects of living arrangement on depressive symptoms. RESULTS A total of 16.8 % of the total study population showed depressive symptoms. Living with a spouse only was the most common type of living arrangement (46.3 %). Women and men living with a spouse only were the least likely to have depressive symptoms. However, living without a spouse in a nuclear family and living alone were most strongly associated with depressive symptoms in women (OR 1.81; 95 % CI 1.64-2.00) and men (OR 2.71; 95 % CI 2.43-3.03), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of depressive symptoms are associated with the living arrangements of elderly Koreans. There are gender differences in these associations, that may stem from the different demands of social roles and relationships in the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea,
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Cao M, Guo X, Yu H, Chen L, McDonald T. Chinese community-dwelling elders' needs: promoting ageing in place. Int Nurs Rev 2014; 61:327-35. [DOI: 10.1111/inr.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.J. Cao
- Nursing Department; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - X.L. Guo
- Nursing Department; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - H. Yu
- Nursing Department; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - L.Y. Chen
- Nursing Department; Zhejiang Medical College; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - T.A. McDonald
- Faculty of Health Sciences; Australian Catholic University; Sydney Australia
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Elderly care and the one-child policy: concerns, expectations and preparations for elderly life in a rural Chinese township. J Cross Cult Gerontol 2014; 29:25-36. [PMID: 24384809 DOI: 10.1007/s10823-013-9218-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have looked at the effect of the one-child policy on elderly care in China. This study compares the differences in concerns, expectations and preparations for elderly life of parents of reproductive age between one- and two-child families in a rural Chinese village. With support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Institute for Population and Reproductive Health, 800 one- and two-child families were surveyed from 2009 to 2010. The data showed that the parents of one-child families were significantly more concerned about being abandoned in old age. There was a discrepancy between parents' preferences and expectations for elderly care: while many parents "preferred" to live with their children in old age, only a small percentage "expected" to co-reside with their adult children. Some elders even preferred to live in elderly care institutions, indicating a change in the perception and accessibility of these institutions, which have historically been stigmatized and heavily restricted. As China's population ages, there is increased need for expanded services and alternatives to the traditional model of co-residence for the rural elderly.
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Park SY, Kim OS, Cha NH, Sok SR. Comparison of attitudes towards death and perceptions of do-not-resuscitate orders between older Korean adults residing in a facility and at home. Int J Nurs Pract 2014; 21:660-9. [PMID: 24821583 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare and analyse attitudes towards death and perceptions of do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders between the elderly living in a facility and those living at home, in order to provide basic data for effective nursing interventions to help the elderly prepare for death in a positive manner. The subjects of this study were 300 persons over 65 years old who lived in a facility or home in Seoul or Gyeonggi Province, South Korea, and data were collected from 1 April to 15 August 2012. Descriptive analysis, χ(2)-test, and ANCOVA were conducted on the data using the SPSS version 20.0 program. With regard to attitudes towards death, the elderly in a facility reported that physical pain relief was most necessary for a comfortable death, and the elderly living at home reported that psychological stability was most required. With regard to perceptions of DNR orders, most of the participants agreed that DNR is sometimes necessary (institution: 86.7%, home: 78.7%). About 8% more of the elderly living in a facility considered DNR to sometimes be necessary compared with the elderly living at home. In conclusion, the elderly living in a facility were interested in physical pain relief or physical health, and the elderly living at home were focused on psychological stability or psychological health. Based on the findings, basic data for development of effective nursing interventions to help the elderly prepare for death in a positive manner can be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Young Park
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Sun Kim
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Hyun Cha
- Department of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Samcheok-si, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyune R Sok
- College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cha N, Sok S. Depression, self-esteem and anger expression patterns of Korean nursing students. Int Nurs Rev 2013; 61:109-15. [DOI: 10.1111/inr.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N.H. Cha
- Department of Nursing; Kangwon National University; Samcheok-si Korea
| | - S.R. Sok
- College of Nursing Science; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
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Kooshiar H, Yahaya N, Hamid TA, Abu Samah A, Sedaghat Jou V. Living arrangement and life satisfaction in older Malaysians: the mediating role of social support function. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43125. [PMID: 22912806 PMCID: PMC3422218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This cross-sectional and correlational survey examines the association between different types of living arrangements and life satisfaction in older Malaysians, while taking into account the mediating effects of social support function. METHODOLOGY AND FINDINGS A total of 1880 of older adults were selected by multistage stratified sampling. Life satisfaction and social support were measured with the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale and Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey. The result shows living with children as the commonest type of living arrangement for older adults in peninsular Malaysia. Compared to living alone, living only with a spouse especially and then co-residency with children were both associated with better life satisfaction (p<.01) and social support function (p<.01). The mediating effect of social support function enhanced the relation between living arrangements and life satisfaction. CONCLUSION This study revealed that types of living arrangement directly, and indirectly through social support function, play an important role in predicting life satisfaction for older adults in Malaysia. This study makes remarkable contributions to the Convoy model in older Malaysians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Kooshiar
- Department of Medical Surgical, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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