Multiple nodules of the scrotum: histopathological findings and surgical procedure. A study of five cases

Idiopathic calcinosis cutis of the scrotum: a case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND

Abnormal deposition of calcium in the skin or subcutaneous tissue is termed calcinosis cutis. Idiopathic calcinosis cutis of the scrotum is an uncommon entity. The pathogenesis of idiopathic calcinosis cutis of the scrotum is debatable. The condition presents as several brown to yellowish nodules on the scrotum, gradually progressive, and mostly asymptomatic. Here we report a case of idiopathic calcinosis cutis of the scrotum with a brief review of the literature and a discussion on pathogenesis.

CASE PRESENTATION

A healthy looking, 50-year-old Nepali man presented with multiple growths on his scrotum for 15 years, which were mostly asymptomatic with an occasional complaint of itching. On physical examination, multiple pink to brown nodules ranging in size from 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 cm to 3 × 3 × 1 cm, which were painless and firm in consistency, were noted. On laboratory examinations the following were found to be within normal limits: serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, and vitamin D hormone levels; uric acid; alkaline phosphatase; and lipid profile. Based on clinical features and laboratory reports, a diagnosis of idiopathic calcinosis cutis of the scrotum was made. The nodules were excised under local anesthesia in several sittings, which gave a good cosmetic result with no evidence of recurrence in 1-year follow-up period. A histopathological examination revealed dermis with areas of fibrosis and calcification along with numerous multinucleated giant cells and an absence of any cystic structure.

CONCLUSIONS

Idiopathic calcinosis cutis of the scrotum is a benign condition, which remains mostly asymptomatic. It presents as progressive multiple nodules of varying numbers and sizes. A histopathological evaluation reveals areas of calcification. The cause is either dystrophic calcification of cysts or idiopathic. Excision is the treatment of choice.

Prevalence and risk factors for scrotal lesions/anomalies in a cohort of Brazilian men ≥ 40 years of age

OBJECTIVE

To estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for cutaneous lesions of the scrotum and intrascrotal lesions/anomalies among men included in a prostatic cancer screening program in a Brazilian metropolitan city.

DESIGN AND SETTING

Cross-sectional study, private outpatient healthcare service.

METHODS

1731 men aged 40 years or over, participating in a prostate cancer screening program conducted by the municipal public employees' healthcare system, underwent systematic urological assessment by a single examiner.

RESULTS

The prevalence of scrotal diseases in our sample was 44.7% (773/1731). Tinea cruris occurred in 203 (11.7%) of the participants, with higher risk among diabetics and lower prevalence among nonwhite individuals; scrotal tinea in eight (0.5%), with higher risk among hypertensive men; subcutaneous nodules in 12 (0.7%), especially in individuals with low schooling level; hydrocele in 283 (16.4%), with higher frequency among participants over the age of 60 years, diabetics or individuals with previous histories of nonspecific urethritis; spermatoceles in 174 (10.1%), with greater prevalence among individuals over the age of 60 years or diabetics, and lower frequency among individuals who underwent vasectomy; unilateral testicular hypotrophy/atrophy in 167 (9.7%) and bilateral hypotrophy/atrophy in 93 (5.4%), both occurring more frequently in individuals over the age of 60 years; absence of palpable testicles due to cryptorchidism in 7 (0.4%); and epididymitis/orchitis in 5 (0.3%), with higher prevalence among diabetics. No cases of cancer were identified in this sample.

CONCLUSIONS

Scrotal diseases were highly prevalent in this population of Brazilian men.

Treatment of multiple scrotal cysts with a 910-nm short-pulsed diode laser

Scrotal cysts are rare cutaneous findings seen in youngsters and young adults. These lesions may eventually lead to scrotal calcification. Standard treatment is surgical removal. A young patient presented with multiple cysts was treated by short-pulsed 910-nm diode laser with rapid and aesthetically excellent improvement.

Scrotal calcinosis: a case report and review of pathogenesis and surgical management

Idiopathic scrotal calcinosis is an uncommon benign disorder of the scrotal skin which is characterized by multiple calcified intradermal nodules. We report a 33-year old with asymptomatic multiple calcified scrotal skin nodules. He had wide excision of the lesions and direct closure of the scrotum. We review the pathogenesis and surgical treatment options for this rare disease of the scrotum.

Scrotal calcinosis: a very rare multiple clinical presentation

Scrotal calcinosis (SC) is a rare benign disease that affects patients in childhood or early adulthood. It is characterized by slow-growing yellowish-white nodules consisting of deposits of calcium and phosphates, within the scrotal skin. The nodules vary in number, and can be solitary or grouped. Owing to the age of onset and anatomical location, SC may be a source of embarrassment and lead to social isolation. Because of its rarity, the aetiology of SC is still controversial. We report a very rare case of an SC in a 59-year-old white man who presented with multiple nodules with different clinical patterns in the scrotum, which had been present for > 42 years. Despite the rarity and the multiple long-lasting lesions, surgical excision of the scrotal nodules can offer a very good aesthetic outcome in a single procedure even under local anaesthesia.