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Liu Y, Ma TX, Fan PF, Wang Z, Wang Z, Li L. STAT3-induced lncRNA GNAS-AS1 accelerates keloid formation by mediating the miR-196a-5p/CXCL12/STAT3 axis in a feedback loop. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15111. [PMID: 38840411 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Keloids are pathological scar tissue resulting from skin trauma or spontaneous formation, often accompanied by itching and pain. Although GNAS antisense RNA 1 (GNAS-AS1) shows abnormal upregulation in keloids, the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. The levels of genes and proteins in clinical tissues from patients with keloids and human keloid fibroblasts (HKFs) were measured using quantitative reverse transcription PCR, western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The features of HKFs, including proliferation and migration, were evaluated using cell counting kit 8 and a wound healing assay. The colocalization of GNAS-AS1 and miR-196a-5p in HKFs was measured using fluorescence in situ hybridization. The relationships among GNAS-AS1, miR-196a-5p and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) in samples from patients with keloids were analysed by Pearson correlation analysis. Gene interactions were validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays. GNAS-AS1 and CXCL12 expression were upregulated and miR-196a-5p expression was downregulated in clinical tissues from patients with keloids. GNAS-AS1 knockdown inhibited proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation of HKFs, all of which were reversed by miR-196a-5p downregulation. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) induced GNAS-AS1 transcription through GNAS-AS1 promoter interaction, and niclosamide, a STAT3 inhibitor, decreased GNAS-AS1 expression. GNAS-AS1 positively regulated CXCL12 by sponging miR-196-5p. Furthermore, CXCL12 knockdown restrained STAT3 phosphorylation in HKFs. Our findings revealed a feedback loop of STAT3/GNAS-AS1/miR-196a-5p/CXCL12/STAT3 that promoted HKF proliferation, migration and ECM accumulation and affected keloid progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Plastic and cosmetic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affifiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Teng-Xiao Ma
- Department of Plastic and cosmetic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affifiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Peng-Fei Fan
- Department of Plastic and cosmetic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affifiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Ze Wang
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Plastic and cosmetic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affifiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Plastic and cosmetic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affifiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China
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Cabello-Arista B, Melgarejo-Ramírez Y, Retana-Flores A, Martínez-López V, Márquez-Gutiérrez E, Almanza-Pérez J, Lecona H, Reyes-Frías ML, Ibarra C, Martínez-Pardo ME, Velasquillo C, Sánchez-Sánchez R. Effects of mesenchymal stem cell culture on radio sterilized human amnion or radio sterilized pig skin in burn wound healing. Cell Tissue Bank 2024; 25:255-267. [PMID: 35059955 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-021-09976-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Deep second and third degree burns treatment requires fibroblasts, keratinocytes and other skin cells in order to grow new dermis and epidermis. Cells can proliferate, secrete growth factors and extracellular matrix required to repair the damaged tissue. Radiosterilized human amnion and radiosterilized pig skin have been used as natural origin skin dressings for burned patients. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into fibroblasts and keratinocytes and improve wound-healing progress. These cells can stimulate vascular tissue formation, release growth factors, synthetize new extracellular matrix and immunoregulate other cells. In this study, we developed mesenchymal stem cells-cellularized skin substitutes based from radiosterilized human amnion or pig skin. Third-degree burns were induced in mice animal models to evaluate the effect of cellularized skin substitutes on burn wound healing. Mesenchymal phenotype was immunophenotypically confirmed by flow cytometry and cell viability was close to 100%. Skin recovery was evaluated in burned mice after seven and fourteen days post-coverage with cellularized and non-cellularized sustitutes. Histological techniques and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate re-epithelization and type I collagen deposition. We determined that cellularized-human amnion or cellularized-pig skin in combination with mesenchymal stem cells improve extracellular matrix deposition. Both cellularized constructs increase detection of type I collagen in newly formed mouse skin and can be potentially used as skin coverage for further clinical treatment of burned patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cabello-Arista
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Y Melgarejo-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Retana-Flores
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - V Martínez-López
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - E Márquez-Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J Almanza-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Depto. Ciencias de la Salud, D.C.B.S.,, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, C.P. 09340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - H Lecona
- Bioterio y Cirugía Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M L Reyes-Frías
- Banco de Tejidos Radioesterilizados, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (BTR-ININ), Carretera México-Toluca S/N La Marquesa, C.P. 52750, Ocoyoacac, Edo. Mex, Mexico
| | - C Ibarra
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M E Martínez-Pardo
- Banco de Tejidos Radioesterilizados, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (BTR-ININ), Carretera México-Toluca S/N La Marquesa, C.P. 52750, Ocoyoacac, Edo. Mex, Mexico
| | - C Velasquillo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - R Sánchez-Sánchez
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P. 14389, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, Puente 222, Col. Arboledas del Sur, C.P. 14380, Mexico City, Mexico.
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3
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Li S, Wang Y, Chen Y, Zhang H, Shen K, Guan H. PTEN hinders the formation of scars by regulating the levels of proteins in the extracellular matrix and promoting the apoptosis of dermal fibroblasts through Bcl-xL. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 753:109912. [PMID: 38325773 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a dermatological condition characterized by an excessive accumulation of proteins in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and an elevated cell count. The development of HS is thought to be linked to the disruption of dermal fibroblast proliferation and apoptosis. The processes of cell proliferation and apoptosis are notably influenced by PTEN. However, the precise mechanisms by which PTEN regulates hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) and its overall role in scar formation are still not fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of PTEN on hypertrophic scars(HS) and its function in the regulation of scar formation, with the aim of identifying a pivotal molecular target for scar treatment. Our results demonstrate that the overexpression of PTEN (AdPTEN) significantly suppressed the expression of type I collagen (Col I), type III collagen (Col III), and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in HSFs. Furthermore, it was observed that the introduction of AdPTEN resulted in the suppression of Bcl-xL expression, which consequently led to an increase in the apoptosis of HSFs. Similarly, in the inhibition of collagens expression and subsequent increase in HSF apoptosis were also observed upon silencing Bcl-xL (sibcl-xL). Additionally, the in vitro model demonstrated that both AdPTEN and sibcl-xL were effective in reducing the contraction of FPCL. The findings of our study provide validation for the role of PTEN in inhibiting the development of hypertrophic scars (HS) by modulating the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and promoting apoptosis in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) via Bcl-xL. These results indicate that PTEN and Bcl-xL may hold promise as potential molecular targets for therapeutic interventions aimed at managing hypertrophic scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohui Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yunwei Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Kuo Shen
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hao Guan
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Yang JT, Wu D, Li J, Zhao C, Zhu L, Xu C, Xu N. An Injectable Composite Hydrogel of Verteporfin-Bonded Carboxymethyl Chitosan and Oxidized Sodium Alginate Facilitates Scarless Full-Thickness Skin Regeneration. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300165. [PMID: 37681479 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Full-thickness skin defect has always been a major challenge in clinics due to fibrous hyperplasia in the repair process. Hydrogel composite dressings loaded with anti-fibrotic drugs have been considered as a promising strategy for scarless skin regeneration. In this work, a hydrogel composite (VP-CMCS-OSA) of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and oxidized sodium alginate (OSA), with loading anti-fibrotic drug verteporfin (VP), is developed based on two-step chemical reactions. Verteporfin is bonded with carboxymethyl chitosan through EDC/NHS treatment to form VP-CMCS, and then VP-CMCS is crosslinked with oxidized sodium alginate by Schiff base reaction to form VP-CMCS-OSA hydrogel. The characterization by SEM, FTIR, and UV-Vis shows the microstructure and chemical bonding of VP-CMCS-OSA. VP-CMCS-OSA hydrogel demonstrates the properties of high tissue adhesion, strong self-healing, and tensile ability. In the full-thickness skin defect model, the VP-CMCS-OSA composite hydrogels hasten wound healing due to the synergistic effects of hydrogels and verteporfin administration. The histological examination reveals the regular collagen arrangement and more skin appendages after VP-CMCS-OSA composite hydrogel treatment, indicating the full-thickness skin regeneration without potential scar formation. The outcomes suggest that the verteporfin-loaded composite hydrogel could be a potential method for scarless skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Tao Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Health, Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Dingwei Wu
- College of Life Sciences and Health, Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Jianping Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Health, Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Lian Zhu
- College of Life Sciences and Health, Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Chengchen Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Health, Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Na Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Health, Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
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5
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Su L, Han J. Non-coding RNAs in hypertrophic scars and keloids: Current research and clinical relevance: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128334. [PMID: 38007032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars (HS) and keloids (KD) are lesions that develop as a result of excessive fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition in response to dermal injury, leading to dysregulation of the inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases during wound healing. HS and KD affect up to 90 % of the population and are associated with lower quality of life, physical health, and mental status in patients. Efficient targeted treatment represents a significant challenge, primarily due to our limited understanding of their underlying pathogenesis. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which constitute a significant portion of the human transcriptome with minimal or no protein-coding capacity, have been implicated in various cellular physiologies and pathologies and may serve as diagnostic indicators or therapeutic targets. NcRNAs have been found to be aberrantly expressed and regulated in HS and KD. This review provides a summary of the expression profiles and molecular mechanisms of three common ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), in HS and KD. It also discusses their potential as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases and provides novel insights into epigenetic-based diagnosis and treatment strategies for HS and KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Su
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Juntao Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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6
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Abstract
Wound healing occurs as a response to disruption of the epidermis and dermis. It is an intricate and well-orchestrated response with the goal to restore skin integrity and function. However, in hundreds of millions of patients, skin wound healing results in abnormal scarring, including keloid lesions or hypertrophic scarring. Although the underlying mechanisms of hypertrophic scars and keloid lesions are not well defined, evidence suggests that the changes in the extracellular matrix are perpetuated by ongoing inflammation in susceptible individuals, resulting in a fibrotic phenotype. The lesions then become established, with ongoing deposition of excess disordered collagen. Not only can abnormal scarring be debilitating and painful, it can also cause functional impairment and profound changes in appearance, thereby substantially affecting patients' lives. Despite the vast demand on patient health and the medical society, very little progress has been made in the care of patients with abnormal scarring. To improve the outcome of pathological scarring, standardized and innovative approaches are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc G Jeschke
- Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Fiona M Wood
- Burns Service of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Burn Injury Research Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Esther Middelkoop
- Burn Center, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, Netherlands
- Association of Dutch Burn Centers (ADBC), Beverwijk, Netherlands
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences (AMS) Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Medical Research Council Wound Healing Unit, Hair and Skin Research Lab, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town & Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Luc Teot
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burns, Wound Healing, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Rei Ogawa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gerd G Gauglitz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Haut- und Laserzentrum Glockenbach, Munich, Germany
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7
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Huang PP, Zhang R, Zhang XF, Xu ZT, Zeng DC, Sun FB, Zhang WJ. Effects of ultrashort wave diathermy on skin wounds in rabbit ears. Connect Tissue Res 2023; 64:569-578. [PMID: 37550846 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2023.2242655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ultrashort wave diathermy (USWD) is commonly used in diseases associated with osteoarticular and soft tissue injuries. However, while accelerating wound healing and preventing joint stiffness, there have been few reports on whether it leads to excessive hypertrophic scarring. The aim was to investigate the effects of different doses of USWD on hypertrophic scars. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rabbit model of hypertrophic scars was used to determine which dose of USWD reduced scar hyperplasia. The scar thickness was calculated using Sirius red staining. All protein expression levels were determined by western blotting, including fibrosis, collagen deposition, and neoangiogenesis related proteins. Subsequently, flow cytometry and ELISAs were used to determine the proportions of macrophage and inflammatory levels. RESULTS The wounds with USWD in histopathology showed the dermis was more markedly thickened in the 120 mA group, whereas the wounds with the 60 mA were less raised, comparing with the 0 mA; all detected protein levels were increased significantly, the 120 mA group comparing with the others, including heat shock, fibrosis, and neoangiogenesis, whereas the collagen deposition relative protein levels were decreased, the 60 mA group comparing with Sham group; Finally, in the proportion of macrophages and inflammatory levels the 120 mA group were the highest, and the group Sham was lower than group 60 mA. CONCLUSIONS In hypertrophic scars, the 60 mA USWD could relieve scar formation and inflammatory reactions; however, higher doses could result in opposite consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Peng Huang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-Tao Xu
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Du-Chun Zeng
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng-Bao Sun
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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8
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Doolan BJ, Lavallee M, Hausser I, Pope FM, Seneviratne SL, Winship IM, Burrows NP. Dermatologic manifestations and diagnostic assessments of the Ehlers-Danlos syndromes: A clinical review. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 89:551-559. [PMID: 36764582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDSs) comprise a group of connective tissue disorders that manifest with skin hyperextensibility, easy bruising, joint hypermobility and fragility of skin, soft tissues, and some organs. A correct assessment of cutaneous features along with the use of adjunct technologies can improve diagnostic accuracy. OBJECTIVES To systematically review the cutaneous features and adjunct investigations of EDS. METHODS A search of PubMed and Web of Science for EDS-related cutaneous features and additional investigations was undertaken from publication of the 2017 International Classification of EDS until January 15, 2022. RESULTS One-hundred-and-forty studies involved 839 patients with EDS. The EDS female-to-male ratio was 1.36:1 (P < .001). A high prevalence of skin hyperextensibility, bruising, and soft skin were noted. Most patients with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome showed venous visibility, skin fragility, and acrogeria. Classical EDS showed subcutaneous spheroids and molluscoid pseudotumours. In patients that underwent skin biopsies, only 30.3% and 71.4% showed features suggestive of EDS using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. LIMITATIONS Retrospective study and small cases numbers for some EDS-subtypes. CONCLUSIONS An accurate clinical diagnosis increases the chances of a molecular diagnosis, particularly for rarer EDS subtypes, whilst decreasing the need for genetic testing where there is a low clinical suspicion for a monogenic EDS-subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent J Doolan
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK; St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Mark Lavallee
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center of Central PA, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ingrid Hausser
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Michael Pope
- Department of Dermatology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (West Middlesex University Hospital), London, UK
| | - Suranjith L Seneviratne
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital and University College London, London, UK; Nawaloka Hospital Research and Education Foundation, Nawaloka Hospitals, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Ingrid M Winship
- Department of Genetic Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nigel P Burrows
- Department of Dermatology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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9
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Zhang M, Chen H, Qian H, Wang C. Characterization of the skin keloid microenvironment. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:207. [PMID: 37587491 PMCID: PMC10428592 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01214-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloids are a fibroproliferative skin disorder that develops in people of all ages. Keloids exhibit some cancer-like behaviors, with similar genetic and epigenetic modifications in the keloid microenvironment. The keloid microenvironment is composed of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells, immune cells, stem cells and collagen fibers. Recent advances in the study of keloids have led to novel insights into cellular communication among components of the keloid microenvironment as well as potential therapeutic targets for treating keloids. In this review, we summarized the nature of genetic and epigenetic regulation in keloid-derived fibroblasts, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of keratinocytes, immune cell infiltration into keloids, the differentiation of keloid-derived stem cells, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition of vascular endothelial cells, extracellular matrix synthesis and remodeling, and uncontrolled angiogenesis in keloids with the aim of identifying new targets for therapeutic benefit. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwen Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Hailong Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Huan Qian
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Chen Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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10
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Song B, Liu W, Zhu Y, Peng Y, Cui Z, Gao B, Chen L, Yu Z, Song B. Deciphering the contributions of cuproptosis in the development of hypertrophic scar using single-cell analysis and machine learning techniques. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1207522. [PMID: 37409114 PMCID: PMC10318401 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1207522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, but the exact mechanisms related to its formation remain unclear, making it difficult to treat. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of cuproptosis in the information of HS. To this end, we used single-cell sequencing and bulk transcriptome data, and screened for cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) using differential gene analysis and machine learning algorithms (random forest and support vector machine). Through this process, we identified a group of genes, including ATP7A, ULK1, and MTF1, as novel therapeutic targets for HS. Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to confirm the mRNA expression of ATP7A, ULK1, and MTF1 in both HS and normal skin (NS) tissues. We also constructed a diagnostic model for HS and analyzed the immune infiltration characteristics. Additionally, we used the expression profiles of CRGs to perform subgroup analysis of HS. We focused mainly on fibroblasts in the transcriptional profile at single-cell resolution. By calculating the cuproptosis activity of each fibroblast, we found that cuproptosis activity of normal skin fibroblasts increased, providing further insights into the pathogenesis of HS. We also analyzed the cell communication network and transcription factor regulatory network activity, and found the existence of a fibroblast-centered communication regulation network in HS, where cuproptosis activity in fibroblasts affects intercellular communication. Using transcription factor regulatory activity network analysis, we obtained highly active transcription factors, and correlation analysis with CRGs suggested that CRGs may serve as potential target genes for transcription factors. Overall, our study provides new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of HS, which may inspire new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lin Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhou Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baoqiang Song
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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11
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Su CY, Liu TY, Wang HV, Yang WC. Histopathological Study on Collagen in Full-Thickness Wound Healing in Fraser's Dolphins ( Lagenodelphis hosei). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101681. [PMID: 37238111 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fraser's dolphins (Lagenodelphis hosei) possess great healing abilities. Their skin composition can be restored after wounding, including collagen spacing, orientation, and bundle thickness. However, it remains unclear how collagens are involved in the wound-healing process and eventually regain normality in Fraser's dolphins. Learned from the other two scarless healing animals, changes in type III/I collagen composition are believed to modulate the wound healing process and influence the scarring or scarless fate determination in human fetal skin and spiny mouse skin. In the current study, Herovici's, trichrome, and immunofluorescence staining were used on normal and wounded skin samples in Fraser's dolphins. The results suggested that type I collagens were the main type of collagens in the normal skin of Fraser's dolphins, while type III collagens were barely seen. During the wound healing process, type III collagens showed at early wound healing stages, and type I collagen increased in the mature healed wound. In an early healed wound, collagens were organized in a parallel manner, showing a transient hypertrophic-like scar, and eventually restored to normal collagen configuration and adipocyte distribution in the mature healed wound. The remarkable ability to remove excessive collagens merits further investigation to provide new insights into clinical wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yi Su
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Liu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Marine Biology and Cetacean Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ven Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Marine Biology and Cetacean Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Yang
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
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12
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Kidzeru EB, Lebeko M, Sharma JR, Nkengazong L, Adeola HA, Ndlovu H, P Khumalo N, Bayat A. Immune cells and associated molecular markers in dermal fibrosis with focus on raised cutaneous scars. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:570-587. [PMID: 36562321 PMCID: PMC10947010 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Raised dermal scars including hypertrophic, and keloid scars as well as scalp-associated fibrosing Folliculitis Keloidalis Nuchae (FKN) are a group of fibrotic raised dermal lesions that mostly occur following cutaneous injury. They are characterized by increased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, primarily excessive collagen type 1 production by hyperproliferative fibroblasts. The extent of ECM deposition is thought to be proportional to the severity of local skin inflammation leading to excessive fibrosis of the dermis. Due to a lack of suitable study models, therapy for raised dermal scars remains ill-defined. Immune cells and their associated markers have been strongly associated with dermal fibrosis. Therefore, modulation of the immune system and use of anti-inflammatory cytokines are of potential interest in the management of dermal fibrosis. In this review, we will discuss the importance of immune factors in the pathogenesis of raised dermal scarring. The aim here is to provide an up-to-date comprehensive review of the literature, from PubMed, Scopus, and other relevant search engines in order to describe the known immunological factors associated with raised dermal scarring. The importance of immune cells including mast cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and relevant molecules such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, antibodies, transcription factors, and other immune-associated molecules as well as tissue lymphoid aggregates identified within raised dermal scars will be presented. A growing body of evidence points to a shift from proinflammatory Th1 response to regulatory/anti-inflammatory Th2 response being associated with the development of fibrogenesis in raised dermal scarring. In summary, a better understanding of immune cells and associated molecular markers in dermal fibrosis will likely enable future development of potential immune-modulated therapeutic, diagnostic, and theranostic targets in raised dermal scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Banboye Kidzeru
- Wound Healing And Keloid Scar Unit, Medical Research Council (South Africa), Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology Laboratory (LAMMII)Centre for Research on Health and Priority Pathologies (CRSPP)Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and InnovationYaoundéCameroon
| | - Maribanyana Lebeko
- Wound Healing And Keloid Scar Unit, Medical Research Council (South Africa), Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- Present address:
Cape Biologix Technologies (PTY, LTD)Cape TownSouth Africa
| | - Jyoti Rajan Sharma
- Wound Healing And Keloid Scar Unit, Medical Research Council (South Africa), Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Francie van Zijl Drive, Parow ValleyCape TownSouth Africa
- Present address:
Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Francie van Zijl Drive, Parow ValleyCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Lucia Nkengazong
- Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology Laboratory (LAMMII)Centre for Research on Health and Priority Pathologies (CRSPP)Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and InnovationYaoundéCameroon
| | - Henry Ademola Adeola
- Wound Healing And Keloid Scar Unit, Medical Research Council (South Africa), Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Hlumani Ndlovu
- Department of Integrative Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Nonhlanhla P Khumalo
- Wound Healing And Keloid Scar Unit, Medical Research Council (South Africa), Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Wound Healing And Keloid Scar Unit, Medical Research Council (South Africa), Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
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13
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Lin P, Zhang G, Li H. The Role of Extracellular Matrix in Wound Healing. Dermatol Surg 2023; 49:S41-S48. [PMID: 37115999 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000003779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular matrix communicates with surrounding cells to maintain skin homeostasis and modulate multiple cellular processes including wound healing. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the dynamic composition and potential roles of extracellular matrix in normal skin, wound healing process, and abnormal skin scarring. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature review was performed to identify relevant publications pertaining to the extracellular matrix deposition in normal skin and wound healing process, as well as in abnormal scars. RESULTS A summary of the matrix components in normal skin is presented. Their primary roles in hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling phases of wound healing are briefly discussed. Identification of novel extracellular matrix in keloids is also provided. CONCLUSION Abnormal scarring remains a challenging condition with unmet satisfactory treatments. Illumination of extracellular matrix composition and functions in wound healing process will allow for the development of targeted therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Lin
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| | - Guohong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
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14
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Xiong J, Li X, Xu G, Wang Y, Wen H. Effectiveness of fractional carbon dioxide laser combined with botulinum toxin type A in a rabbit ear model with the underlying mechanism. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023. [PMID: 36912720 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a common disease in plastic and cosmetic surgery, with limited treatment options, and is a challenge for clinicians. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fractional carbon dioxide (CO2 ) laser combined with botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) in treating HSs in rabbit ears and to provide new strategies for treating HS. METHODS Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits with induced HSs were randomly divided into one control and three treatment groups. After 4 weeks of modeling, BTXA (2.0 U) was injected into the HS of the BTXA and combination groups, whereas a fractional CO2 laser (combo mode, deep energy: 12.5 mJ; super energy: 90 mJ) was used in the fractional CO2 laser and combination groups. The laser treatments were repeated after 2 weeks. The HSs in the rabbit ears were observed and photographed 5 weeks after the first treatment. The scar thickness in each group was measured and compared, and the scar elevation index (SEI) was determined using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Collagen content and alignment were observed using Masson's trichrome staining. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to analyze scar-related protein levels. RESULTS Hypertrophic scars were reduced in all treatment groups compared with the control group. The combination group had lower scar thickness, SEI, and expression of scar-related proteins in HSs, with an appearance similar to that of normal rabbit ear skin. Furthermore, the fibroblast content and collagen deposition decreased significantly in the combination group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Fractional CO2 laser combined with BTXA more effectively reduced HSs by inhibiting fibroblast proliferation, decreasing transforming growth factor-β1 and α- smooth muscle actin expression, and causing collagen remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiang Xiong
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guizhen Xu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yimei Wang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huicai Wen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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15
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Mony MP, Harmon KA, Hess R, Dorafshar AH, Shafikhani SH. An Updated Review of Hypertrophic Scarring. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050678. [PMID: 36899815 PMCID: PMC10000648 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scarring (HTS) is an aberrant form of wound healing that is associated with excessive deposition of extracellular matrix and connective tissue at the site of injury. In this review article, we provide an overview of normal (acute) wound healing phases (hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling). We next discuss the dysregulated and/or impaired mechanisms in wound healing phases that are associated with HTS development. We next discuss the animal models of HTS and their limitations, and review the current and emerging treatments of HTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjula P. Mony
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kelly A. Harmon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ryan Hess
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Amir H. Dorafshar
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sasha H. Shafikhani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Cancer Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence:
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16
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Neves LMG, Wilgus TA, Bayat A. In Vitro, Ex Vivo, and In Vivo Approaches for Investigation of Skin Scarring: Human and Animal Models. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2023; 12:97-116. [PMID: 34915768 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2021.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: The cutaneous repair process naturally results in different types of scarring that are classified as normal or pathological. Affected individuals are often affected from an esthetic, physical (functional), and psychosocial perspective. The distinct nature of scarring in humans, particularly the formation of pathological scars, makes the study of skin scarring a challenge for researchers in this area. Several established experimental models exist for studying scar formation. However, the increasing development and validation of newly emerging models have made it possible to carry out studies focused on different variables that influence this unique process. Recent Advances: Experimental models such as in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models have obtained different degrees of success in the reproduction of the scar formation in its native milieu and true environment. These models also differ in their ability to elucidate the molecular, cellular, and structural mechanisms involved in scarring, as well as for testing new agents and approaches for therapies. The models reviewed here, including cells derived from human skin and in vivo animal models, have contributed to the advancement of skin scarring research. Critical Issues and Future Directions: The absence of experimental models that faithfully reproduce the typical characteristics of the different types of human skin scars makes the improvement of validated models and the establishment of new ones a critical unmet need. The fields of wound healing research combined with tissue engineering have offered newer alternatives for experimental studies with the potential to provide clinically useful knowledge about scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia M G Neves
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Research, Centre for Dermatology Research, Wound Healing Theme, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, United Kingdom
| | - Traci A Wilgus
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Research, Centre for Dermatology Research, Wound Healing Theme, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council (MRC) Wound Healing Unit, Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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17
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Bjerremand JR, Haerskjold A, Karmisholt KE. Excision and adjuvant treatment to prevent keloid recurrence. - a systematic review of prospective, clinical, controlled trials. J Plast Surg Hand Surg 2023; 57:38-45. [PMID: 35848929 DOI: 10.1080/2000656x.2022.2097251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Keloids are defined as the formation of collagen-rich scar tissue extending beyond the original lesion. Not all keloids respond to conventional treatment with intralesional triamcinolone injections. Recurrence of keloids after primary excision is reported in almost 100% of cases and should therefore always be followed by adjuvant treatment. Currently, consensus on preferred adjuvant treatment in relation to keloid excision is lacking. This study seeks to systematically review evidence on the efficacy of adjuvant treatments in relation to keloid excision. A systematic literature review was conducted on PubMed. Titles, abstracts, and articles were screened and sorted according to defined inclusion- and exclusion criteria. Each study was evaluated according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, OCEBM, Levels of Evidence by two independent authors. Seven studies were eligible. Adjuvant treatment methods included intralesional triamcinolone injection, radiotherapy, silicone gel, pressure therapy, verapamil hydrochloride and 5-fluorouracil. While all the included studies reported promising results, two studies showed that minimizing dosages when treating with radiotherapy or triamcinolone should be considered to avoid adverse events. However, a high risk of bias was found in all the included studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie R Bjerremand
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ann Haerskjold
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Wound Healing, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katrine E Karmisholt
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Wound Healing, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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18
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Tong MQ, Lu CT, Huang LT, Yang JJ, Yang ST, Chen HB, Xue PP, Luo LZ, Yao Q, Xu HL, Zhao YZ. Polyphenol-driven facile assembly of a nanosized acid fibroblast growth factor-containing coacervate accelerates the healing of diabetic wounds. Acta Biomater 2023; 157:467-486. [PMID: 36460288 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic wounds are challenging to heal due to complex pathogenic abnormalities. Routine treatment with acid fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) is widely used for diabetic wounds but hardly offers a satisfying outcome due to its instability. Despite the emergence of various nanoparticle-based protein delivery approaches, it remains challenging to engineer a versatile delivery system capable of enhancing protein stability without the need for complex preparation. Herein, a polyphenol-driven facile assembly of nanosized coacervates (AE-NPs) composed of aFGF and Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) was constructed and applied in the healing of diabetic wounds. First, the binding patterns of EGCG and aFGF were predicted by molecular docking analysis. Then, the characterizations demonstrated that AE-NPs displayed higher stability in hostile conditions than free aFGF by enhancing the binding activity of aFGF to cell surface receptors. Meanwhile, the AE-NPs also had a powerful ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promote angiogenesis, which significantly accelerated full-thickness excisional wound healing in diabetic mice. Besides, the AE-NPs suppressed the early scar formation by improving collagen remodeling and the mechanism was associated with the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Conclusively, AE-NPs might be a potential and facile strategy for stabilizing protein drugs and achieving the scar-free healing of diabetic wounds. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Diabetic chronic wound is among the serious complications of diabetes that eventually cause the amputation of limbs. Herein, a polyphenol-driven facile assembly of nanosized coacervates (AE-NPs) composed of aFGF and EGCG was constructed. The EGCG not only acted as a carrier but also possessed a therapeutic effect of ROS scavenging. The AE-NPs enhanced the binding activity of aFGF to cell surface receptors on the cell surface, which improved the stability of aFGF in hostile conditions. Moreover, AE-NPs significantly accelerated wound healing and improved collagen remodeling by regulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Our results bring new insights into the field of polyphenol-containing nanoparticles, showing their potential as drug delivery systems of macromolecules to treat diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qi Tong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Cui-Tao Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lan-Tian Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Si-Ting Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Hang-Bo Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Peng-Peng Xue
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lan-Zi Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qing Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - He-Lin Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Department of Ultrasonography, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Ying-Zheng Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Department of Ultrasonography, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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19
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Wang H, Zhou Z, Xie J, Qi S, Tang J. Integration of single-cell and bulk transcriptomics reveals immune-related signatures in keloid. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:1893-1905. [PMID: 36701151 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Keloid is a pathological dermatological condition that manifests as an overgrowth scar secondary to skin trauma. This study endeavored to excavate immune-related signatures of keloid based on single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing data and bulk RNA sequencing data. METHOD The keloid-relevant scRNA sequencing dataset GSE163973 and bulk RNA sequencing dataset GSE113619 were mined from the GEO database. The "Seurat" R package was utilized for data quality control, cell clustering, and investigation of marker genes of each cell cluster. The "SingleR" package helped match the marker genes of the corresponding cluster to specific cell types. Moreover, the R package "Monocle" was deployed for pseudotemporal ordering analysis, and the "clusterProfiler" was applied for functional and pathway enrichment analysis. The immune-related signatures were then identified, and potential targeted drugs were predicted via the DGIdb database. Verification of the immune-related signatures in clinical validation samples was implemented by RT-qPCR. RESULTS Totally 23 cell clusters were screened and classified into 10 cell types based on the scRNA sequencing data. The keloid group had a significantly higher endothelial cell proportion than the control group. As enrichment analysis was applied in both differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of scRNA and bulk RNA sequencing data, we found they were enriched in multiple common immune-related pathways and biological processes. Meanwhile, we acquired three immune-related signatures (VCAM1, CALCRL, and HLA-DPB1) by intersecting the above DEGs with immune-related genes (IRGs). Then, we predicted 16 drugs potentially targeting the biomarkers through the DGIdb database. Finally, the outcome of RT-qPCR of clinical validation samples further verified the results. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we analyzed the cell types and functional differences in the keloid through scRNA and bulk RNA sequencing data. We identified three immune-related signatures (VCAM1, CALCRL, and HLA-DPB1) in keloid, providing a basis for further in-depth investigation of the molecular mechanisms of keloid and exploration of therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziheng Zhou
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Julin Xie
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaohai Qi
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinming Tang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Clarifying sleep characteristics and analyzing risk factors of sleep disorders to promote a predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine in patients with burn scars. EPMA J 2023; 14:131-142. [PMID: 36684850 PMCID: PMC9838372 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-022-00309-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study assessed sleep quality in patients with burn scars and investigated risk factors of sleep disorders to guide clinical therapy. From the strategy of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM/3PM), we proposed that risk assessment based on clinical indicators could prompt primary prediction, targeted prevention, and personalized interventions to improve the management of sleep disorders present in patients with burn scars. Methods This retrospective study recruited patients with burn scars and healthy volunteers from the Shanghai Burn Treatment Center between 2017 and 2022. Relevant information and data, including demographic characteristics, scar evaluation, and sleep quality, were obtained through the hospital information system, classical scar scale, and self-report questionnaires. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and monitored using a cardiopulmonary-coupled electrocardiograph. Pain and pruritus were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS). Scar appearance was assessed using the modified Vancouver scar scale (mVSS). Results The sample was comprised of 128 hypertrophic scar (HS) patients, with 61.7% males, a mean age of 41.1 ± 11.6 years, and burn area of 46.2 ± 27.9% total body surface area (TBSA). Patients with PSQI ≥ 7 accounted for 76.6%, and the global PSQI score was 9.4 ± 4.1. Objective sleep data showed that initial enter deep sleep time, light sleep time, awakening time, light sleep efficiency, and sleep apnea index were higher but deep sleep time, sleep efficiency, and deep sleep efficiency were lower in HS patients than that in healthy controls. Preliminary univariate analysis showed that age, hyperplasia time of scar, narrow airway, microstomia, VAS for pain and pruritus, and mVSS total (comprised of pigmentation, vascularity, height and pliability) were associated with the PSQI score (p < 0.1). Multivariable linear regression showed narrow airway, VAS for pain and pruritus, and mVSS specifically height, were the risk factors for PSQI score (p < 0.1). Conclusions This study model identified that narrow airway, pain, pruritus and scar appearance specifically height may provide excellent predictors for sleep disorders in HS patients. Our results provided a basis for the predictive diagnostics, targeted prevention, and individualized therapy of somnipathy predisposition and progression of HS patients in the setting of PPPM/3PM health care system, which contributed to a paradigm shift from reactive cure to advanced therapy.
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21
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Chen H, Xu K, Sun C, Gui S, Wu J, Wang S. Inhibition of ANGPT2 activates autophagy during hypertrophic scar formation via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. An Bras Dermatol 2023; 98:26-35. [PMID: 36272879 PMCID: PMC9837657 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic scar (HS), a fibroproliferative disorder caused by aberrant wound healing following skin injuries such as burns, lacerations and surgery, is characterized by invasive proliferation of fibroblasts and excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. The dysregulation of autophagy is the pathological basis of HS formation. Previously, angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2) was found to be overexpressed in HS fibroblasts (HSFs) compared with normal skin fibroblasts. However, whether ANGPT2 participates in the process of HS formation and the potential molecular mechanisms are not clear. OBJECTIVE This study is intended to figure out the role of ANGPT2 and ANGPT2-mediated autophagy during the development of HS. METHODS RT-qPCR was used to detect ANGPT2 expression in HS tissues and HSFs. HSFs were transfected with sh-ANGPT2 to knock down ANGPT2 expression and then treated with MHT1485, the mTOR agonist. The effects of sh-ANGPT2 or MHT1485 on the proliferation, migration, autophagy and ECM accumulation of HSFs were evaluated by CCK-8 assay, Transwell assay and western blotting. The expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway-related molecules (p-PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR) was assessed by western blotting. RESULTS ANGPT2 expression was markedly upregulated in HS tissues and HSFs. ANGPT2 knockdown decreased the expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR. ANGPT2 knockdown activated autophagy and inhibited the proliferation, migration, and ECM accumulation of HSFs. Additionally, the treatment of MHT1485, the mTOR agonist, on ANGPT2-downregulated HSFs, partially reversed the influence of ANGPT2 knockdown on HSFs. STUDY LIMITATIONS The study lacks the establishment of more stable in vivo animal models of HS for investigating the effects of ANGPT2 on HS formation in experimental animals. CONCLUSIONS ANGPT2 downregulation represses growth, migration, and ECM accumulation of HSFs via autophagy activation by suppressing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Our study provides a novel potential therapeutic target for HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Chen
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Sun
- The Sixth Resignation Cadre Sanatorium of Shandong Province Military Region, Qingdao, China
| | - Si Gui
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Juanjuan Wu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Song Wang
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Corresponding author.
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22
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Saito R, Inagaki A, Nakamura Y, Imura T, Kanai N, Mitsugashira H, Endo Y, Katano T, Suzuki S, Tokodai K, Kamei T, Unno M, Watanabe K, Tabata Y, Goto M. Ideal Duration of Pretreatment Using a Gelatin Hydrogel Nonwoven Fabric Prior to Subcutaneous Islet Transplantation. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897231186063. [PMID: 37466120 PMCID: PMC10363859 DOI: 10.1177/09636897231186063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Subcutaneous islet transplantation is a promising treatment for severe diabetes; however, poor engraftment hinders its prevalence. We previously revealed that a gelatin hydrogel nonwoven fabric (GHNF) markedly improved subcutaneous islet engraftment in comparison with intraportal islet transplantation. We herein investigated whether the duration of pretreatment using GHNF affected the outcome of subcutaneous islet transplantation. A silicone spacer with GHNF was implanted into the subcutaneous space of healthy mice at 2, 4, 6, or 8 weeks before transplantation, and then diabetes was induced 7 days before transplantation. Syngeneic islets were transplanted into the pretreated space. Blood glucose, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance, immunohistochemistry, inflammatory mediators, and gene expression were evaluated. The 6-week group showed significantly better blood glucose changes than the other groups (P < 0.05). The cure rate of the 6-week group (60.0%) was the highest among the groups (2-week = 0%, 4-week = 50.0%, 8-week = 15.4%). The number of von Willebrand factor (vWF)-positive vessels in the 6-week group was significantly higher than in the other groups at pre-islet and post-islet transplantation (P < 0.01 [vs 2-and 4-week groups] and P < 0.05 [vs all other groups], respectively). Notably, this beneficial effect was also observed when GHNF was implanted into diabetic mice injected with streptozotocin 7 days before GHNF implantation. The positive rates for laminin, collagen III, and collagen IV increased as the duration of pretreatment became longer and were significantly higher in the 8-week group (P < 0.01). Inflammatory mediators, including interleukin (IL)-1b, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and interferon (IFN)-γ, were gradually downregulated according to the duration of GHNF pretreatment and re-elevated in the 8-week group. Taken together, the duration of GHNF pretreatment apparently had an impact on the outcomes of subcutaneous islet transplantation, and 6 weeks appeared to be the ideal duration. Islet graft revascularization, extracellular matrix compensation of the islet capsule, and the inflammatory status at the subcutaneous space would be crucial factors for successful subcutaneous islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Saito
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akiko Inagaki
- Division of Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nakamura
- Division of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takehiro Imura
- Division of Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kanai
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mitsugashira
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukiko Endo
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takumi Katano
- Division of Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shoki Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Tokodai
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Kamei
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kimiko Watanabe
- Division of Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences (LiMe), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masafumi Goto
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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23
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Ghannam SF, Rutland CS, Allegrucci C, Mongan NP, Rakha E. Defining invasion in breast cancer: the role of basement membrane. J Clin Pathol 2023; 76:11-18. [PMID: 36253088 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2022-208584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Basement membrane (BM) is an amorphous, sheet-like structure separating the epithelium from the stroma. BM is characterised by a complex structure comprising collagenous and non-collagenous proteoglycans and glycoproteins. In the breast, the thickness, density and composition of the BM around the ductal lobular system vary during differing development stages. In pathological conditions, the BM provides a physical barrier that separates proliferating intraductal epithelial cells from the surrounding stroma, and its absence or breach in malignant lesions is a hallmark of invasion and metastases. Currently, diagnostic services often use special stains and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to identify the BM in order to distinguish in situ from invasive lesions. However, distinguishing BM on stained sections, and differentiating the native BM from the reactive capsule or BM-like material surrounding some invasive malignant breast tumours is challenging. Although diagnostic use of the BM is being replaced by myoepithelial cell IHC markers, BM is considered by many to be a useful marker to distinguish in situ from invasive lesions in ambiguous cases. In this review, the structure, function and biological and clinical significance of the BM are discussed in relation to the various breast lesions with emphasis on how to distinguish the native BM from alternative pathological tissue mimicking its histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan F Ghannam
- Division of cancer and stem cells, school of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Histology and Cell Biology, Suez Canal University Faculty of Medicine, Ismailia, Egypt
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Catrin Sian Rutland
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Cinzia Allegrucci
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nigel P Mongan
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Emad Rakha
- Division of cancer and stem cells, school of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Histopathology,school of Medicine, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK
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A Potential Four-Gene Signature and Nomogram for Predicting the Overall Survival of Papillary Thyroid Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:8735551. [PMID: 36193505 PMCID: PMC9526076 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8735551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Although the prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is relatively good, some patients experience recurrence or distant metastasis after thyroidectomy and progress to radioactive iodine refractory stage. Therefore, accurate prediction of clinical outlook can aid to screen out the minority of patients with poorer prognosis and avoid excessive treatment in low-risk patients. Methods. The RNA-seq and clinical data of PTC patients was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Multivariate and Lasso Cox regression analyses were used to construct a prognostic nomogram to predict overall survival (OS). Thereafter, quantitative RT-PCR and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database were employed to verify the expression of key genes. Results. A four-gene risk score comprising ABI3BP, DPT, MRO, and TENM1 was exhibited strong prognostic value. Moreover, an integrated nomogram was established based on the risk score, age, AJCC (American Joint Commission on Cancer) stage, tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, and history of neoadjuvant treatment, which exhibited significantly better predictive performance than TNM stage system (
). GSEA (Gene Set Enrichment Analysis) and GSVA (Gene Set Variation Analysis) revealed that the different tumor-associated hallmarks, biological processes, and pathways were substantially enriched in the poor-prognosis group. In addition, a ceRNA network was constructed by including the four genes (ABI3BP, DPT, MRO, and TENM1), 54 lncRNAs, and 10 miRNAs. Finally, both the relative mRNA and protein expression of ABI3BP, DPT, MRO, and TENM1 were validated. Conclusion. The present study identified a four-gene risk signature and developed a novel nomogram, which could be regarded as a reliable prognostic model for PTC patients. The findings also revealed preliminary potential mechanisms that may influence the prognosis outcome. These results can be conducive to design personalized treatment and prognosis management in affected patients.
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25
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Liu D, Zhang Y, Zhen L, Xu R, Ji Z, Ye Z. Activation of the NFκB signaling pathway in IL6+CSF3+ vascular endothelial cells promotes the formation of keloids. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:917726. [PMID: 36082167 PMCID: PMC9445273 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.917726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Keloid is a disease caused by abnormal proliferation of skin fibres, the causative mechanism of which remains unclear. Method: In this study, endothelial cells of keloids were studied using scRNAseq combined with bulk-RNAseq data from keloids. The master regulators driving keloid development were identified by transcription factor enrichment analysis. The pattern of changes in vascular endothelial cells during keloid development was explored by inferring endothelial cell differentiation trajectories. Deconvolution of bulkRNAseq by CIBERSORTX verified the pattern of keloidogenesis. Immunohistochemistry for verification of the lesion process in keloid endothelial cells. Results: The endothelial cells of keloids consist of four main cell populations (MMP1+ Endo0, FOS + JUN + Endo1, IL6+CSF3+Endo2, CXCL12 + Endo3). Endo3 is an endothelial progenitor cell, Endo1 is an endothelial cell in the resting state, Endo2 is an endothelial cell in the activated state and Endo0 is an endothelial cell in the terminally differentiated state. Activation of the NFΚB signaling pathway is a typical feature of Endo2 and represents the early skin state of keloids. Conclusion: We have identified patterns of vascular endothelial cell lesions during keloidogenesis and development, and have found that activation of the NFΚB signaling pathway is an essential feature of keloid formation. These findings are expected to contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis of keloids and to the development of new targeted therapeutic agents for the lesional characteristics of vascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Endcrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yidi Zhang
- Department of Endcrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lisha Zhen
- School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
- Beijing Sankuai Online Technology Co.,Ltd, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Endcrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenling Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenling Ji, ; Zheng Ye,
| | - Zheng Ye
- Department of Endcrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenling Ji, ; Zheng Ye,
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26
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Yu X, Zhu X, Xu H, Li L. Emerging roles of long non-coding RNAs in keloids. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:963524. [PMID: 36046343 PMCID: PMC9421354 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.963524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloids are pathologic wound healing conditions caused by fibroblast hyperproliferation and excess collagen deposition following skin injury or irritation, which significantly impact patients by causing psychosocial and functional distress. Extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and human fibroblast proliferation represents the main pathophysiology of keloid. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) play important roles in many biological and pathological processes, including development, differentiation and carcinogenesis. Recently, accumulating evidences have demonstrated that deregulated lncRNAs contribute to keloids formation. The present review summarizes the researches of deregulated lncRNAs in keloid. Exploring lncRNA-based methods hold promise as new effective therapies against keloid.
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27
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Dermal extracellular matrix molecules in skin development, homeostasis, wound regeneration and diseases. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 128:137-144. [PMID: 35339360 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic structure that surrounds and anchors cellular components in tissues. In addition to functioning as a structural scaffold for cellular components, ECMs also regulate diverse biological functions, including cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, migration, cell-cell interactions, and intracellular signaling events. Dermal fibroblasts (dFBs), the major cellular source of skin ECM, develop from a common embryonic precursor to the highly heterogeneous subpopulations during development and adulthood. Upon injury, dFBs migrate into wound granulation tissue and transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts, which play a critical role in wound contraction and dermal ECM regeneration and deposition. In this review, we describe the plasticity of dFBs during development and wound healing and how various dFB-derived ECM molecules, including collagen, proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, fibrillins and matricellular proteins are expressed and regulated, and in turn how these ECM molecules play a role in regulating the function of dFBs and immune cells. Finally, we describe how dysregulation of ECM matrix is associated the pathogenesis of wound healing related skin diseases, including chronic wounds and keloid.
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OLDER PATIENTS AND PATIENTS WITH SEVERE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS ARE LESS LIKELY TO DEVELOP KELOIDS AND HYPERTROPHIC SCARS AFTER THORACIC MIDLINE INCISION: A SURVEY-BASED ANALYSIS OF 328 CASES. Plast Reconstr Surg 2022; 150:659-669. [PMID: 35787599 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000009451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgery is a well-known trigger of keloid and hypertrophic scarring. Sternotomy scars are subject to high skin tension, which is also known to promote pathological scarring. This suggests that sternotomies in adults associate with high pathological-scarring rates, which is also our anecdotal experience. However, this notion has never been formally examined. Therefore, we conducted a survey-based cohort study of patients who had undergone a sternotomy. STUDY DESIGN All consecutive Japanese adults (≥18 years) who underwent cardiovascular surgery with sternotomy in 2014-2017 were identified in 2019 by chart review and sent a questionnaire. Respondents formed the study cohort. The questionnaire presented randomly-ordered photos of representative mature, keloid, and hypertrophic scars and asked the patients to choose the image that best resembled their midline scar when it was particularly noticeable. The incidence of self-reported pathological scarring (keloids and hypertrophic scars were grouped together) and the patient demographic (age and sex) and clinical characteristics (e.g. intima media thickness of the left and right common and internal carotid arteries) that associated with pathological scarring were determined. RESULTS Of the 548 sternotomy patients, 328 (mean age, 67 years; 68.0% male) responded (60% response rate). Of these, 195 (59.5%) reported they had a pathological scar. Compared to mature-scar patients, pathological-scar patients had lower mean age (65 vs. 69 years, p=0.0002) and intima-media thickness (0.92 vs. 1.05 mm, p=0.028). CONCLUSION Sternotomy was associated with a high rate of pathological scarring. An older age and arteriosclerosis were associated with less pathological scarring.
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Ebrahimi Z, Alimohamadi Y, Janani M, Hejazi P, Kamali M, Goodarzi A. Platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of scars, to suggest or not to suggest? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 16:875-899. [PMID: 35795892 DOI: 10.1002/term.3338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Despite the rising trend for applying platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the management of various types of scars, there is no convincing evidence supporting its use. This motivated us to review the randomized clinical trials that examine the effectiveness and safety of PRP, alone or in combination with other methods, for the management of atrophic or hypertrophic/keloidal scars. The Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched until September 1st , 2020. Thirteen clinical trials were enrolled in the meta-analysis, and 10 more were reviewed for their results. The random effect meta-analysis method was used to assess the effect size of each outcome for each treatment type, and I2 was used to calculate the statistical heterogeneity between the studies. Patients treated with PRP experienced an overall response rate of 23%, comparable to the results seen with laser or micro-needling (22% and 23%, respectively) When used alone, moderate improvement was the most frequently observed degree of response with PRP (36%) whereas, when added to laser or micro-needling, most patients experienced marked (33%, 43%, respectively) or excellent (32% and 23%, respectively) results. Concerning the hypertrophic/keloid scars, the only study meeting the required criteria reported a better improvement and fewer adverse effects when PRP was added to the intralesional corticosteroids. Platelet-rich plasma appears to be a safe and effective treatment for various types of atrophic scars. In addition, when added to ablative lasers or micro-needling, it seems to considerably add to the efficacy of treatment and reduce the side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ebrahimi
- Department of General Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Alimohamadi
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Janani
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pardis Hejazi
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Kamali
- Air Pollution Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Goodarzi
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Eremenko E, Ding J, Kwan P, Tredget EE. The Biology of Extracellular Matrix Proteins in Hypertrophic Scarring. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2022; 11:234-254. [PMID: 33913776 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2020.1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Hypertrophic scars (HTS) are a fibroproliferative disorder that occur following deep dermal injury and affect up to 72% of burn patients. These scars result in discomfort, impaired mobility, disruption of normal function and cosmesis, and significant psychological distress. Currently, there are no satisfactory methods to treat or prevent HTS, as the cellular and molecular mechanisms are complex and incompletely understood. This review summarizes the biology of proteins in the dermal extracellular matrix (ECM), which are involved in wound healing and hypertrophic scarring. Recent Advances: New basic research continues toward understanding the diversity of cellular and molecular mechanisms of normal wound healing and hypertrophic scarring. Broadening the understanding of these mechanisms creates insight into novel methods for preventing and treating HTS. Critical Issues: Although there is an abundance of research conducted on collagen in the ECM and its relationship to HTS, there is a significant gap in understanding the role of proteoglycans and their specific isoforms in dermal fibrosis. Future Directions: Exploring the biological roles of ECM proteins and their unique isoforms in HTS, mature scars, and normal skin will further the understanding of abnormal wound healing and create a more robust understanding of what constitutes dermal fibrosis. Research into the biological roles of ECM protein isoforms and their regulation during wound healing warrants a more extensive investigation to identify their distinct biological functions in cellular processes and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Eremenko
- Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jie Ding
- Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Peter Kwan
- Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Edward E. Tredget
- Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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31
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Ud-Din S, Bayat A. Classification of Distinct Endotypes in Human Skin Scarring: S.C.A.R.-A Novel Perspective on Dermal Fibrosis. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2022; 11:109-120. [PMID: 33677998 PMCID: PMC8742286 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2020.1364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Skin scarring is a permanent, irreversible end point of cutaneous injury. However, not everyone will acquire the same exact scar type. Skin scarring is generally recognized as complex with significant variability in individuals' scar type and response to treatment. Despite these tangible differences in treatment response, to date there has been no simplified approach in defining spectrum of skin scarring in relation to prediction and outcome post-treatment. Thus, in this study we propose that skin scarring consists of distinct endotypes, which is characterized by their specific pathology. Four distinct scar endotypes can be observed: (1) Stretched (flat), (2) Contracted, (3) Atrophic (depressed), and (4) Raised scarring, which can be abbreviated to S.C.A.R. endotypes. Each of these endotypes can certainly include subphenotypes and each phenotype can be present in more than one endotype. To define these endotypes, we also present a structured approach in assessment of all relevant parameters in skin scar evaluation including clinical (scar symptoms and signs) and nonclinical parameters (device measurements of structural, mechanical, and physiological properties of scars as well as gene and protein laboratory studies). Recent Advances: Scars can be phenotypically characterized based on a multitude of parameters assessed; however, not all scar types will share all the same characteristics. This leads to the question of whether skin scarring is a single disease entity with varying phenotypic characteristics or should be classed as several disease entities that have certain similar parameters. We suggest the latter and propose distinct scarring phenotypes arise mainly owing to genetic and environmental susceptibilities associated with the development of each specific scar endotype. Characteristic features of skin scarring, however, can be objectively and quantitively evaluated and used as an aid in the theranostic goal-directed management of scarring. Critical Issues: The concept of identifying different endotypes is key in formulating personalized treatments with improved outcomes beyond what is achieved with current nonspecific approaches in scar management. This approach has gained interest and significant traction in several other medical conditions including asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and atopic dermatitis. Future Directions: To begin identifying distinct endotypic features in skin scarring, it is important to have a better understanding of underlying pathological mechanisms leading to further insight into the heterogeneous nature of skin scarring endotypes. This approach may lead to improved theranostic outcomes and further understanding of the pathophysiology of the complex nature of human skin scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ud-Din
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, United Kingdom
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council—South Africa Wound Healing Unit, Division of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Correspondence: Medical Research Council—South Africa Wound Healing Unit, Division of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Keloids are pathological wound healing responses to dermal injuries. These scars may lead to considerable morbidity, but treatments remain challenging for physicians. Interleukin 10 (IL-10), a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine, plays a prominent role in fetal scarless regenerative healing; therefore, it may become a more targeted and effective therapy for keloids. This review aimed to obtain an overview of the background of keloid and IL-10 functions as its promising forthcoming treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Studies were sought from Pubmed, ScienceDirect, PLOS, and Clinical Key. Keywords are interleukin 10, keloid, and wound healing as Medical Subject Headings terms. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Keloids and fetal scarless healing represent 2 opposing ends of the tissue repair spectrum. Promising multiple animal models have demonstrated successful regenerative healing promotion through IL-10 overexpression by its ability to minimize inflammatory wound microenvironment, downregulate transforming growth factor β/SMAD signaling pathway, increase extracellular matrix breakdown, and regulate extracellular matrix. These results have led to the development of clinical trials investigating human recombinant IL-10. CONCLUSIONS Interleukin 10 has the potential to become a more targeted and promising therapy of keloids owing to its pleiotropic effects.
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Iles B, Ribeiro de Sá Guimarães Nolêto I, Dourado FF, de Oliveira Silva Ribeiro F, de Araújo AR, de Oliveira TM, Souza JMT, Barros AB, Sousa GC, de Jesus Oliveira AC, da Silva Martins C, de Oliveira Viana Veras M, de Carvalho Leitão RF, de Souza de Almeida Leite JR, da Silva DA, Medeiros JVR. Alendronate sodium-polymeric nanoparticles display low toxicity in gastric mucosal of rats and Ofcol II cells. NANOIMPACT 2021; 24:100355. [PMID: 35559814 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of bisphosphonates constitutes the gold-standard therapy for the control and treatment of bone diseases. However, its long-term use may lead to gastric problems, which limits the treatment. Thus, this study aimed to formulate a nanostructured system with biodegradable polymers for the controlled release of alendronate sodium. The nanoparticles were characterized, and its gastric toxicity was investigated in rats. The synthesis process proved to be effective for encapsulating alendronate sodium, exhibiting nanoparticles with an average size of 51.02 nm and 98.5% of alendronate sodium incorporation. The release tests demonstrated a controlled release of the drug in 420 min, while the morphological analyzes showed spherical shapes and no apparent roughness. The biological tests demonstrated that the alendronate sodium nanoformulation reversed the gastric lesions, maintaining the normal levels of malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase. Also, the encapsulated alendronate sodium showed no toxicity in murine osteoblastic cells, even at high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Iles
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI CEP 64202-020, Brazil; Biotechnology and Biodiversity Research Center (Biotec), Federal University of the Parnaiba Delta, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI CEP 64202-020, Brazil
| | - Isabela Ribeiro de Sá Guimarães Nolêto
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI CEP 64202-020, Brazil; Biotechnology and Biodiversity Research Center (Biotec), Federal University of the Parnaiba Delta, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI CEP 64202-020, Brazil
| | - Flaviane França Dourado
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Research Center (Biotec), Federal University of the Parnaiba Delta, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI CEP 64202-020, Brazil
| | - Fábio de Oliveira Silva Ribeiro
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Research Center (Biotec), Federal University of the Parnaiba Delta, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI CEP 64202-020, Brazil
| | - Alyne Rodrigues de Araújo
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Research Center (Biotec), Federal University of the Parnaiba Delta, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI CEP 64202-020, Brazil
| | - Taiane Maria de Oliveira
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Research Center (Biotec), Federal University of the Parnaiba Delta, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI CEP 64202-020, Brazil
| | - Jessica Maria Teles Souza
- Parnaíba Delta Cell Culture Laboratory (LCC-Delta), Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI CEP 64202-020, Brazil
| | - Ayslan Batista Barros
- Parnaíba Delta Cell Culture Laboratory (LCC-Delta), Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI CEP 64202-020, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle Costa Sousa
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI CEP 64202-020, Brazil; Biotechnology and Biodiversity Research Center (Biotec), Federal University of the Parnaiba Delta, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI CEP 64202-020, Brazil
| | - Antônia Carla de Jesus Oliveira
- Quality Control Center for Medicines and Correlates - NCQMC, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - University City, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Conceição da Silva Martins
- Nucleus of Studies in Microscopy and Image Processing - NEMPI, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Alexandre Baraúna, 994 - Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, CE 60430-160, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Oliveira Viana Veras
- Nucleus of Studies in Microscopy and Image Processing - NEMPI, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Alexandre Baraúna, 994 - Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, CE 60430-160, Brazil
| | - Renata Ferreira de Carvalho Leitão
- Nucleus of Studies in Microscopy and Image Processing - NEMPI, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Alexandre Baraúna, 994 - Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, CE 60430-160, Brazil
| | - José Roberto de Souza de Almeida Leite
- Center for Research in Applied Morphology and Immunology - NuPMIA, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro - Asa Norte-Brasília-DF, CEP 70.910-900 Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Durcilene Alves da Silva
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Research Center (Biotec), Federal University of the Parnaiba Delta, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI CEP 64202-020, Brazil
| | - Jand Venes Rolim Medeiros
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI CEP 64202-020, Brazil; Biotechnology and Biodiversity Research Center (Biotec), Federal University of the Parnaiba Delta, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI CEP 64202-020, Brazil.
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Lagoutte P, Bettler E, Vadon-Le Goff S, Moali C. Procollagen C-proteinase enhancer-1 (PCPE-1), a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for fibrosis. Matrix Biol Plus 2021; 11:100062. [PMID: 34435180 PMCID: PMC8377038 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2021.100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The correct balance between collagen synthesis and degradation is essential for almost every aspect of life, from development to healthy aging, reproduction and wound healing. When this balance is compromised by external or internal stress signals, it very often leads to disease as is the case in fibrotic conditions. Fibrosis occurs in the context of defective tissue repair and is characterized by the excessive, aberrant and debilitating deposition of fibril-forming collagens. Therefore, the numerous proteins involved in the biosynthesis of fibrillar collagens represent a potential and still underexploited source of therapeutic targets to prevent fibrosis. One such target is procollagen C-proteinase enhancer-1 (PCPE-1) which has the unique ability to accelerate procollagen maturation by BMP-1/tolloid-like proteinases (BTPs) and contributes to trigger collagen fibrillogenesis, without interfering with other BTP functions or the activities of other extracellular metalloproteinases. This role is achieved through a fine-tuned mechanism of action that is close to being elucidated and offers promising perspectives for drug design. Finally, the in vivo data accumulated in recent years also confirm that PCPE-1 overexpression is a general feature and early marker of fibrosis. In this review, we describe the results which presently support the driving role of PCPE-1 in fibrosis and discuss the questions that remain to be solved to validate its use as a biomarker or therapeutic target.
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Key Words
- ADAMTS, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs
- AS, aortic valve stenosis
- BMP, bone morphogenetic protein
- Biomarker
- CKD, chronic kidney disease
- CP, C-propeptide
- CUB, complement, Uegf, BMP-1
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- Collagen
- DMD, Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- Fibrillogenesis
- Fibrosis
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein
- HSC, hepatic stellate cell
- HTS, hypertrophic scar
- IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- MI, myocardial infarction
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- NTR, netrin
- OPMD, oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy
- PABPN1, poly(A)-binding protein nuclear 1
- PCP, procollagen C-proteinase
- PCPE, procollagen C-proteinase enhancer
- PNP, procollagen N-proteinase
- Proteolysis
- SPC, subtilisin proprotein convertase
- TGF-β, transforming growth-factor β
- TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases
- TSPN, thrombospondin-like N-terminal
- Therapeutic target
- eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate
- mTLD, mammalian tolloid
- mTLL, mammalian tolloid-like
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscillia Lagoutte
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, LBTI, UMR5305, F-69367 Lyon, France
| | - Emmanuel Bettler
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, LBTI, UMR5305, F-69367 Lyon, France
| | - Sandrine Vadon-Le Goff
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, LBTI, UMR5305, F-69367 Lyon, France
| | - Catherine Moali
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, LBTI, UMR5305, F-69367 Lyon, France
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3D-Printed Gelatin Methacrylate Scaffolds with Controlled Architecture and Stiffness Modulate the Fibroblast Phenotype towards Dermal Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13152510. [PMID: 34372114 PMCID: PMC8347286 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired skin wound healing due to severe injury often leads to dysfunctional scar tissue formation as a result of excessive and persistent myofibroblast activation, characterised by the increased expression of α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Yet, despite extensive research on impaired wound healing and the advancement in tissue-engineered skin substitutes, scar formation remains a significant clinical challenge. This study aimed to first investigate the effect of methacrylate gelatin (GelMA) biomaterial stiffness on human dermal fibroblast behaviour in order to then design a range of 3D-printed GelMA scaffolds with tuneable structural and mechanical properties and understand whether the introduction of pores and porosity would support fibroblast activity, while inhibiting myofibroblast-related gene and protein expression. Results demonstrated that increasing GelMA stiffness promotes myofibroblast activation through increased fibrosis-related gene and protein expression. However, the introduction of a porous architecture by 3D printing facilitated healthy fibroblast activity, while inhibiting myofibroblast activation. A significant reduction was observed in the gene and protein production of αSMA and the expression of ECM-related proteins, including fibronectin I and collagen III, across the range of porous 3D-printed GelMA scaffolds. These results show that the 3D-printed GelMA scaffolds have the potential to improve dermal skin healing, whilst inhibiting fibrosis and scar formation, therefore potentially offering a new treatment for skin repair.
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Zhang S, Liu B, Wang W, Lv L, Gao D, Chai M, Li M, Wu Z, Zhu Y, Ma J, Leng L. The "Matrisome" reveals the characterization of skin keloid microenvironment. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21237. [PMID: 33715180 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001660rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Keloids are fibroproliferative dermal tumors of unknown origin that are characterized by the overabundant accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The mechanism of keloid formation has remained unclear because of a poor understanding of its molecular basis. In this study, the dermal ECM components of keloids were identified and the pathological features of keloid formation were characterized using large-scale quantitative proteomic analyses of decellularized keloid biomatrix scaffolds. We identified a total of 267 dermal core ECM and ECM-associated proteins that were differentially expressed between patients with keloids and healthy controls. Skin mechanical properties and biological processes including protease activity, wound healing, and adhesion were disordered in keloids. The integrated network analysis of the upregulated ECM proteins revealed multiple signaling pathways involved in these processes that may lead to keloid formation. Our findings may improve the scientific basis of keloid treatment and provide new ideas for the establishment of keloid models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikun Zhang
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Department of Medical Science Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Binghui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Life Omics, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Luye Lv
- Institute of NBC Defense, Beijing, China
| | - Dunqin Gao
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Department of Medical Science Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mi Chai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mansheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Life Omics, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Department of Medical Science Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Life Omics, Beijing, China.,Basic Medical School, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Life Omics, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Leng
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Department of Medical Science Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Marconi GD, Fonticoli L, Rajan TS, Pierdomenico SD, Trubiani O, Pizzicannella J, Diomede F. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT): The Type-2 EMT in Wound Healing, Tissue Regeneration and Organ Fibrosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071587. [PMID: 34201858 PMCID: PMC8307661 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential event during cell development, in which epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal fibroblast-like features including reduced intercellular adhesion and increased motility. EMT also plays a key role in wound healing processes, which are mediated by inflammatory cells and fibroblasts. These cells secrete specific factors that interact with molecules of the extracellular matrix (ECM) such as collagens, laminins, elastin and tenascins. Wound healing follows four distinct and successive phases characterized by haemostasis, inflammation, cell proliferation and finally tissue remodeling. EMT is classified into three diverse subtypes: type-1 EMT, type-2 EMT and type-3 EMT. Type-1 EMT is involved in embryogenesis and organ development. Type-2 EMT is associated with wound healing, tissue regeneration and organ fibrosis. During organ fibrosis, type-2 EMT occurs as a reparative-associated process in response to ongoing inflammation and eventually leads to organ destruction. Type-3 EMT is implicated in cancer progression, which is linked to the occurrence of genetic and epigenetic alterations, in detail the ones promoting clonal outgrowth and the formation of localized tumors. The current review aimed at exploring the role of EMT process with particular focus on type-2 EMT in wound healing, fibrosis and tissue regeneration, as well as some recent progresses in the EMT and tissue regeneration field, including the modulation of EMT by biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guya D. Marconi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Luigia Fonticoli
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.F.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Thangavelu Soundara Rajan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, India;
| | - Sante D. Pierdomenico
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.F.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.F.); (S.D.P.)
- Correspondence: (O.T.); (F.D.); Tel.: +39-08713554097 (O.T.); +39-08713554080 (F.D.)
| | | | - Francesca Diomede
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.F.); (S.D.P.)
- Correspondence: (O.T.); (F.D.); Tel.: +39-08713554097 (O.T.); +39-08713554080 (F.D.)
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Effect of UVA1 on hypertrophic scarring in the rabbit ear model. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:221742. [PMID: 31894858 PMCID: PMC6974420 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars (HTSs) are common and cause functional and psychological morbidity. UVA1 (340-400 nm) phototherapy has been previously shown to be effective in the treatment of localized scleroderma, systemic sclerosis, and POEMS syndrome with minimal side effects, all of which are presented as collagen fibrils hyperplasia that is common with scarring in skin histology. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the impact of UVA1 on the protein expression of TGF-β signal pathway and myofibroblasts in a rabbit model of cutaneous scarring. Full-thickness skin wounds (2 cm × 5 cm in diameter) were made in New Zealand white rabbits to establish the hypertrophic scarring model. New Zealand white rabbits were divided into two treatment groups (n=30 wounds per group with an equal number of controls): medium-dose of UVA1 phototherapy group: 60 J/cm2; high-dose of UVA1 phototherapy group: 110 J/cm2. Left ears were used for treatment and the right ones were used for control. Treatment was administered five times weekly for 6 weeks. Treated and untreated control wounds were harvested at various time points and examined by histologic examination, immunohistochemical assessment, and ultrastructural evaluation. The results showed that UVA1 phototherapy caused a significant reduction in dermal thickness by histological features, whereas the scar index was descended significantly in both medium- and high-dose UVA1 groups compared with the control group. Examination of immunohistochemistry also revealed a marked suppression of tissue growth factor-β (TGF-β) (both medium- and high-dose), α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) (only high-dose), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) (only high-dose), and apparent increase in matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1) (both medium- and high-dose) compared with the control. The ultrastructural evaluation showed the collagen fibers' diameter had shrunk, and that fibroblastic cytoplasm was not affluent and in a quiescent stage. These findings of the present study suggested that administration of UVA1 irradiation is effective to improve the experimental HTS model and raises a possibility of the therapeutic approach of UVA1 in the scar. Although not directly examined in the present study, MMP inhibition is hypothesized to be responsible for this effect. However, early UVA1 treatment could not prevent the formation of scar model.
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Modeling of Old Scars: Histopathological, Biochemical and Thermal Analysis of the Scar Tissue Maturation. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10020136. [PMID: 33572335 PMCID: PMC7916157 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Severe skin scars (i.e., hypertrophic and keloid) induce physical and emotional discomfort and functional disorders such as contractures and body part deformations. Scar’s response to treatment depends on “maturity”, which increases with time but is not merely proportional to it. When “fresh”, scars are relatively more treatable by conservative methods, while the treatment is only partially efficient. In contrast, surgery is a preferred approach for the older scars, but it is associated with a risk of the scar regrowth and worsening after excision if unrecognized immature scar tissue remains in the operated lesion. Therefore, to develop better treatment and diagnostics of scars, understanding of the scar maturation is essential. This requires biologically accurate experimental models of skin scarring. The current models only mimic the early stages of skin scar development. They are useful for testing new scar-preventing approaches while not addressing the problem of the older scars that exist for years. In our study, we demonstrate a new rabbit model of “old” scars and explore what happens to the scar tissue during maturation. We define measurable signs to delineate the scar development stages and discuss how this knowledge can improve scar diagnostics and treatment. Abstract Mature hypertrophic scars (HSs) remain a challenging clinical problem, particularly due to the absence of biologically relevant experimental models as a standard rabbit ear HS model only reflects an early stage of scarring. The current study aims to adapt this animal model for simulation of mature HS by validating the time of the scar stabilization using qualitative and quantitative criteria. The full-thickness skin and perichondrium excision wounds were created on the ventral side of the rabbit ears. The tissue samples were studied on post-operation days (PODs) 30, 60, 90 and 120. The histopathological examination and morphometry were applied in parallel with biochemical analysis of protein and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) content and amino acid composition. The supramolecular organization of collagen was explored by differential scanning calorimetry. Four stages of the rabbit ear HS maturation were delineated and attributed with the histolomorphometrical and physicochemical parameters of the tissue. The experimental scars formed in 30 days but stabilized structurally and biochemically only on POD 90–120. This evidence-based model can be used for the studies and testing of new treatments of the mature HSs.
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Shi J, Shi S, Xie W, Zhao M, Li Y, Zhang J, Li N, Bai X, Cai W, Hu X, Hu D, Han J, Guan H. IL-10 alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced skin scarring via IL-10R/STAT3 axis regulating TLR4/NF-κB pathway in dermal fibroblasts. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:1554-1567. [PMID: 33410606 PMCID: PMC7875929 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a severe fibrotic skin disease. It has always been a major problem in clinical treatment, mainly because its pathogenesis has not been well understood. The roles of bacterial contamination and prolonged wound inflammation were considered significant. IL‐10 is a potent anti‐inflammatory cytokine and plays a pivotal role in wound healing and scar formation. Here, we investigate whether IL‐10 alleviates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammatory response and skin scarring and explore the possible mechanism of scar formation. Our results showed that the expression of TLR4 and pp65 was higher in HS and HS‐derived fibroblasts (HSFs) than their counterpart normal skin (NS) and NS‐derived fibroblasts (NSFs). LPS could up‐regulate the expression of TLR4, pp65, Col I, Col III and α‐SMA in NSFs, but IL‐10 could down‐regulate their expression in both HSFs and LPS‐induced NSFs. Blocking IL‐10 receptor (IL‐10R) or the phosphorylation of STAT3, their expression was up‐regulated. In addition, in vitro and in vivo models results showed that IL‐10 could alleviate LPS‐induced fibroblast‐populated collagen lattice (FPCL) contraction and scar formation. Therefore, IL‐10 alleviates LPS‐induced skin scarring via IL‐10R/STAT3 axis regulating TLR4/NF‐κB pathway in dermal fibroblasts by reducing ECM proteins deposition and the conversion of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Our results indicate that IL‐10 can alleviate the LPS‐induced harmful effect on wound healing, reduce scar contracture, scar formation and skin fibrosis. Therefore, the down‐regulation of inflammation may lead to a suitable scar outcome and be a better option for improving scar quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Shi
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shan Shi
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenbo Xie
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaozhi Bai
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weixia Cai
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaolong Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juntao Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Guan
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Jun-Zeng, Huang TY, Wang ZZ, Gong YF, Liu XC, Zhang XM, Huang XY. Scar-reducing effects of gambogenic acid on skin wounds in rabbit ears. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 90:107200. [PMID: 33246825 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a dermal fibroproliferative disease that often occurs following abnormal wound healing. To date, there is no satisfied treatment strategies for improvement of scar formation with few side effects. The effects of gambogenic acid (GNA) on scar hypertrophy has not been studied previously. The present study was undertaken to find out the scar-reducing effects of GNA (0.48, 0.96 or 1.92 mg/ml) on skin wounds in rabbit ears. Scar evaluation index (SEI), collagen I (Col1) and collagen III (Col3), microvascular density (MVD), CD4+T cells and macrophages, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), phospho-VEGFR 2 (p-VEGFR2) and p-FGFR1, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in scar tissue were detected using various methods, respectively. Our data showed that GNA significantly reduced SEI, and the expression of Col1 and Col3 in scar tissue in a concentration-dependent manner. Also, it decreased MVD, the infiltration of CD4+T cells and macrophages, and the levels of VEGFR2, p-VEGFR2, FGFR1, p-FGFR1, TGF-β1, CTGF, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, in addition to upregulated IL-10 in scar tissue. As a result, this study revealed that GNA reduced HS formation, which was associated with the inhibition of neoangiogenesis, local inflammatory response and growth factor expression in scar tissue during wound healing. These findings suggested that GNA may be considered as a preventive and therapeutic candidate for HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Zeng
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tian-Yu Huang
- Grade 2016, The First Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yong-Fang Gong
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xing-Cun Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xue-Ying Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.
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Yang J, Deng P, Qi Y, Feng X, Wen H, Chen F. NEAT1 Knockdown Inhibits Keloid Fibroblast Progression by miR-196b-5p/FGF2 Axis. J Surg Res 2020; 259:261-270. [PMID: 33162101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Keloid is a benign fibroproliferative tumor of the skin caused by abnormal wound healing process after skin injury. Long noncoding RNAs have been reported to be involved in the development of keloid. However, the role and mechanism of nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) in keloid are still unknown. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the expression of NEAT1, miR-196b-5p, and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). Western blot was conducted to measure the levels of collagen I, α-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin, and FGF2. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and transwell assay were used to evaluate cell viability and migration, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was conducted to verify the targeting relationship between miR-196b-5p and NEAT1 or FGF2. RESULTS NEAT1 was increased and miR-196b-5p was decreased in keloid tissues and fibroblasts. NEAT1 knockdown or miR-196b-5p overexpression suppressed cell viability, migration, and extracellular matrix (ECM) component production in keloid fibroblasts. MiR-196 b-5p was a target of NEAT1, and NEAT1 overexpression reversed the effect of miR-196b-5p on keloid fibroblast progression. Moreover, we found that miR-196b-5p directly targeted FGF2. FGF2 knockdown suppressed keloid fibroblast viability, migration, and ECM protein production. FGF2 overexpression abolished the effect of miR-196b-5p overexpression on keloid fibroblast development. CONCLUSIONS NEAT1 silencing suppressed cell viability, migration, and ECM expression in keloid fibroblasts by regulating miR-196b-5p/FGF2 axis, indicating a promising strategy for keloid treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhe Yang
- Department of Burn Plastic, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University (The South Wing Hospital of Chengde Medical College), Chengde, Hebei, China.
| | - Pingyang Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Bayingol Mongolia Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yonggang Qi
- Department of General Surgery, Bayingol Mongolia Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xinshu Feng
- Department of Burn Plastic, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University (The South Wing Hospital of Chengde Medical College), Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Hailing Wen
- Department of Burn Plastic, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University (The South Wing Hospital of Chengde Medical College), Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Fengping Chen
- Department of Burn Plastic, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University (The South Wing Hospital of Chengde Medical College), Chengde, Hebei, China
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Stoica AE, Grumezescu AM, Hermenean AO, Andronescu E, Vasile BS. Scar-Free Healing: Current Concepts and Future Perspectives. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2179. [PMID: 33142891 PMCID: PMC7693882 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Every year, millions of people develop scars due to skin injuries after trauma, surgery, or skin burns. From the beginning of wound healing development, scar hyperplasia, and prolonged healing time in wound healing have been severe problems. Based on the difference between adult and fetal wound healing processes, many promising therapies have been developed to decrease scar formation in skin wounds. Currently, there is no good or reliable therapy to cure or prevent scar formation. This work briefly reviews the engineering methods of scarless wound healing, focusing on regenerative biomaterials and different cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular components in regenerative wound healing to minimize skin damage cell types, and scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Elena Stoica
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1–7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (A.E.S.); (A.M.G.); (E.A.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1–7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (A.E.S.); (A.M.G.); (E.A.)
| | - Anca Oana Hermenean
- Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania;
| | - Ecaterina Andronescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1–7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (A.E.S.); (A.M.G.); (E.A.)
| | - Bogdan Stefan Vasile
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1–7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (A.E.S.); (A.M.G.); (E.A.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
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Liu S, Qiu J, He G, Geng C, He W, Liu C, Cai D, Pan H, Tian Q. Dermatopontin inhibits WNT signaling pathway via CXXC finger protein 4 in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer 2020; 11:6288-6298. [PMID: 33033513 PMCID: PMC7532498 DOI: 10.7150/jca.47157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of tumor associated deaths globally. Annually, the prevalence of HCC is increasing and the lack of early prognostic indicators manifests a dismal prognosis for HCC patients. A deep understanding of the molecular events that promote HCC progression are required for the design of new diagnostics and therapeutics. Dermatopontin (DPT) is an extracellular matrix protein that regulates the metastatic phenotypes of many cancers. However, the effects of DPT on HCC cell growth remain undefined. In this study, we demonstrate that the exogenous expression of DPT inhibits HCC cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we show that DPT regulates CXXC4, which in turn targets c-Myc, EZH2, SOX2 and β-catenin, through its ability to impact Wnt signaling pathway. These data suggest that DPT regulates CXXC4, c-Myc, EZH2, SOX2 and β-catenin, through Wnt signaling to repress HCC proliferation. This highlights DPT as promising target for future HCC diagnostics and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Liu
- Medical Animal Lab, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Guifang He
- Medical Animal Lab, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Chao Geng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Weitai He
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Changchang Liu
- Medical Animal Lab, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Duo Cai
- Medical Animal Lab, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Huazheng Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Qingwu Tian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
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Shadrin VS, Kozhin PM, Shoshina OO, Luzgina NG, Rusanov AL. Telomerized fibroblasts as a candidate 3d in vitro model of pathological hypertrophic scars. BULLETIN OF RUSSIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020. [DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2020.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The search for the optimal cell model for studying the pathogenesis of pathological scars is a pressing challenge. This study aimed at evaluating the feasibility of using telomerized fibroblasts for the in vitro 3D modeling of pathological hypertrophic scars. NF and Fb-hTERT cells were cultured as monolayers and spheroids in the absence and in the presence of TGFβ1. The metabolic activity of the cultured cells was assessed using the MTT assay. Cell migration was estimated using the scratch assay. The expression of genes associated with fibrous scar tissue growth was measured by qRT-PCR. Fb-hTERT cells were more metabolically active than NF cells in the presence of TGFβ1 (for 1 ng/ml: 179 ± 12% vs. 135 ± 13% respectively; p < 0,05). Spheroids grown from Fb-hTERT cells were significantly larger than those derived from NF cells. In the presence of TGFβ1, the expression of proteins associated with extracellular matrix production (COL1A1, COL3A1, FN1) was lower in Fb-hTERT cells than in NF cells (more than 25, 20 and 2-fold, respectively; p < 0.05). Intact NF cells were more active in closing the scratch than Fb-hTERT cells: on day 2, the gap closure rate was 2.28 times higher in NF cells (p < 0.05). Exposure to TGFβ1 stimulated Fb-hTERT, unlike NF cells, to close the gap 2 times faster on day 2 (p < 0.05). Thus, telomerized fibroblasts have a few phenotypic traits observed in keloid fibroblasts; still there are some limitations that should be accounted for when using Fb-hTERT cells for the modeling of pathological hypertrophic scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- VS Shadrin
- Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - PM Kozhin
- Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - OO Shoshina
- Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - NG Luzgina
- Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - AL Rusanov
- Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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Abdelhakim M, Lin X, Ogawa R. The Japanese Experience with Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Cutaneous Wound Management and Scar Prevention: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Biological Aspects. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2020; 10:569-587. [PMID: 32506250 PMCID: PMC7367968 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-020-00407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) plays several key roles in wound healing. Over the last 2 decades, clinical and basic research on bFGF has been actively conducted in Japan with reports on its potent efficacy in accelerating the healing of chronic ulcers and burn wounds by stimulating key cellular players in the skin. However, its efficacy remains unrecognized internationally. Thus, this study reviews current knowledge about the therapeutic value of bFGF in wound management and scar prevention accumulated in Japan over the last 2 decades. METHODS We review the Japanese literature that demonstrates the anti-scarring effects of bFGF and exhaustively assess how these effects are exerted. Using the search terms "bFGF OR growth factors AND wound healing in Japan" and "bFGF AND scar prevention in Japan," we conducted a search of the PubMed database for publications on the role of bFGF in wound and scar management in Japan. All eligible papers published between 1988 and December 2019 were retrieved and reviewed. RESULTS Our search yielded 208 articles; 82 were related to the application of bFGF for dermal wound healing in Japan. Of these, 27 fulfilled all inclusion criteria; 11 were laboratory studies, 7 were case reports, 4 were clinical studies, and 5 were randomized controlled trials. CONCLUSION Further research, with recognition of the therapeutic value of bFGF in wound and scar management and its clinical applications, is needed to provide additional clinical advantages while improving wound healing and reducing the risk of post-surgical scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdelhakim
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan.
| | - Xunxun Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Rei Ogawa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
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Marchesini A, De Francesco F, Mattioli-Belmonte M, Zingaretti N, Riccio V, Orlando F, Zavan B, Riccio M. A New Animal Model for Pathological Subcutaneous Fibrosis: Surgical Technique and in vitro Analysis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:542. [PMID: 32850775 PMCID: PMC7409519 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a condition that affects the connective tissue in an organ or tissue in the restorative or responsive phase as a result of injury. The consequences of excessive fibrotic tissue growth may lead to various physiological complications of deformity and impairment due to hypertrophic scars, keloids, and tendon adhesion without understating the psychological impact on the patient. However, no method accurately quantifies the rate and pattern of subcutaneous induced hypertrophic fibrosis. We, therefore, devised a rodent excisional model to evaluate the extent of fibrosis with talc. Tissue specimens were set on formalin, and paraffin sections for histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analysis talc was used to induce the fibroproliferative mechanism typical of hypertrophic scars. This pathway is relevant to the activation of inflammatory and fibrotic agents to stimulate human hypertrophic scarring. This model reproduces morpho-functional features of human hypertrophic scars to investigate scar formation and assess potential anti-scarring therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marchesini
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, AOU "Ospedali Riuniti", Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco De Francesco
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, AOU "Ospedali Riuniti", Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Nicola Zingaretti
- Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Medical Area (DAME), Academic Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Valentina Riccio
- Veterinary Medical School, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Fiorenza Orlando
- Experimental Animal Models for Aging Unit, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS INRNCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Riccio
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, AOU "Ospedali Riuniti", Ancona, Italy
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Shi W, Wu Y, Bian D. p75NTR silencing inhibits proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix deposition of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts by activating autophagy through inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 99:349-359. [PMID: 32726570 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) results from abnormal wound healing, accompanied by excessive hypercellularity, migration, and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Autophagy dysregulation plays crucial roles during HS formation. The overexpressed p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in injured skin tissue after wound healing becomes a factor aggravating scar. This study was designed to investigate the role of p75NTR and p75NTR-mediated autophagy in the process of HS. The results revealed that p75NTR expression was significantly upregulated while that of autophagy proteins was downregulated in cicatrix at 3 and 6 months after a burn, which was recovered at 12 months. p75NTR silencing inhibited proliferation, migration, and ECM deposition of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSF), whereas p75NTR overexpression presented the opposite results. Silencing of p75NTR reduced the expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling molecules while enhancing that of autophagy proteins. Importantly, PI3K agonist (IGF-1) intervention notably decreased the levels of LC3B II/I and Beclin-1 and restored the inhibitory effects of p75NTR silencing on proliferation, migration, and ECM deposition of HSF. Concurrently, autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) treatment exhibited the same variation trends with IGF-1. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that p75NTR silencing inhibits proliferation, migration, and ECM deposition of HSF by activating autophagy by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shi
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery and Department of Wound Repair, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250013, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Medical Image Center, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250013, China
| | - Donghui Bian
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 960th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250031, China
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Khalil AS, Yu X, Umhoefer JM, Chamberlain CS, Wildenauer LA, Diarra GM, Hacker TA, Murphy WL. Single-dose mRNA therapy via biomaterial-mediated sequestration of overexpressed proteins. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba2422. [PMID: 32937431 PMCID: PMC7458450 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba2422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nonviral mRNA delivery is an attractive therapeutic gene delivery strategy, as it achieves efficient protein overexpression in vivo and has a desirable safety profile. However, mRNA's short cytoplasmic half-life limits its utility to therapeutic applications amenable to repeated dosing or short-term overexpression. Here, we describe a biomaterial that enables a durable in vivo response to a single mRNA dose via an "overexpress and sequester" mechanism, whereby mRNA-transfected cells locally overexpress a growth factor that is then sequestered within the biomaterial to sustain the biologic response over time. In a murine diabetic wound model, this strategy demonstrated improved wound healing compared to delivery of a single mRNA dose alone or recombinant protein. In addition, codelivery of anti-inflammatory proteins using this biomaterial eliminated the need for mRNA chemical modification for in vivo therapeutic efficacy. The results support an approach that may be broadly applicable for single-dose delivery of mRNA without chemical modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Khalil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Xiaohua Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310009, PR China
| | - Jennifer M Umhoefer
- Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Connie S Chamberlain
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Linzie A Wildenauer
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Gaoussou M Diarra
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Timothy A Hacker
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - William L Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Forward BIO Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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50
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Si L, Zhang M, Guan E, Han Q, Liu Y, Long X, Long F, Zhao RCH, Huang J, Liu Z, Zhao R, Zhang H, Wang X. Resveratrol inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of keloid fibroblasts by targeting HIF-1α. J Plast Surg Hand Surg 2020; 54:290-296. [PMID: 32493094 DOI: 10.1080/2000656x.2020.1771719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A keloid is characterized by red, tickling, hard, and irregular raised tissues, and it tends to outgrow its origin. It frequently occurs in young adults and appears to be refractory to prevailing therapies. Resveratrol is a new drug that has anti-proliferative effect. In this study, keloid-derived fibroblasts were cultured under hypoxia environment and was treated by resveratrol. CCK-8 assay and Annexin V-FITC were used to evaluate cell activity and apoptosis level. Western blot and RT-qPCR were also used to assess the expression of HIF-α, Collagen I and Collagen III. Besides, siRNA was also used to explore the mechanisms of resveratrol's effect. In this study, hypoxia promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of keloid fibroblasts. These findings highlight the potential obstacle in treating keloids. Furthermore, we demonstrated that resveratrol could reverse the effect of hypoxia on keloids through down-regulation of HIF-1α. Moreover, collagen synthesis in keloid fibroblasts was also inhibited by resveratrol, which corresponded with HIF-1α suppression. These results provide evidence for resveratrol's treatment effect against keloids through inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting cell apoptosis, while, HIF-1α may play the key role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loubin Si
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzi Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Enling Guan
- Department of Ear-Nose-Throat, Qingdao Huangdao District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, China
| | - Qin Han
- Department of Ear-Nose-Throat, Qingdao Huangdao District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, China
| | - Yifang Liu
- International Education College, Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Long
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Long
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Robert Chun-Hua Zhao
- Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuzuo Huang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifei Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
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