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McAleese T, Ahmed A, Berney M, O’Riordan R, Cleary M. Kocuria rhizophila prosthetic hip joint infection. J Surg Case Rep 2023; 2023:rjad484. [PMID: 37662443 PMCID: PMC10469548 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjad484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the first case report of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) caused by Kocuria rhizophila. Our patient is a 74-year-old male who underwent primary total hip replacement for right hip pain. His recovery was uneventful until 6 weeks postoperatively when he presented to his routine outpatient appointment with significant erythema, swelling, and tenderness over his right hip wound. Based on the acuity of his symptoms and the radiological findings, it was determined that the patient should undergo debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR procedure). A consensus decision was also made at our PJI multidisciplinary meeting to treat him with 12 weeks of IV antibiotics. After completing this 12 weeks course of IV Vancomycin, his inflammatory markers returned to normal limits. At 6 months follow-up, our patient was mobilizing independently without any signs of infection recurrence. His radiographs showed the implant was in a satisfactory position with no evidence of loosening. This case adds to an emerging body of literature describing invasive infections associated with Kocuria species. We have demonstrated the effectiveness of managing this condition with debridement, implant retention, and IV Vancomycin therapy for 12 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy McAleese
- RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital Waterford, Dunmore Rd, Waterford, X91ER8E, Ireland
| | - Aathir Ahmed
- RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital Waterford, Dunmore Rd, Waterford, X91ER8E, Ireland
| | - Mark Berney
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital Waterford, Dunmore Rd, Waterford, X91ER8E, Ireland
| | - Ruth O’Riordan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Waterford, Dunmore Rd, Waterford, X91ER8E, Ireland
| | - May Cleary
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital Waterford, Dunmore Rd, Waterford, X91ER8E, Ireland
- Department of Orthopaedics, University College Cork, College Rd, Cork, Ireland
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Microbiological Survey of 47 Permanent Makeup Inks Available in the United States. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10040820. [PMID: 35456870 PMCID: PMC9031709 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In two previous surveys, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) identified microbial contamination in 53 of 112 (47%) unopened tattoo inks and tattoo-ink-related products (e.g., diluents) from 15 manufacturers in the U.S. In this study, we primarily focused our microbiological survey on permanent makeup (PMU) inks. We conducted a survey of 47 unopened PMU inks from nine manufacturers and a comparative species-centric co-occurrence network (SCN) analysis using the survey results. Aerobic plate count and enrichment culture methods using the FDA's Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) Chapter 23 revealed that 9 (19%) inks out of 47, from five manufacturers, were contaminated with microorganisms. The level of microbial contamination was less than 250 CFU/g in eight inks and 980 CFU/g in one ink. We identified 26 bacteria that belong to nine genera and 21 species, including some clinically relevant species, such as Alloiococcus otitis, Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis, Kocuria rosea, and Pasteurella canis. Among the identified microorganisms, the SCN analysis revealed dominance and a strong co-occurrence relation of spore-forming extreme environment survivors, Bacillus spp., with close phylogenetic/phenotypic relationships. These results provide practical insights into the possible microbial contamination factors and positive selection pressure of PMU inks.
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Morgado-Gamero WB, Parody A, Medina J, Rodriguez-Villamizar LA, Agudelo-Castañeda D. Multi-antibiotic resistant bacteria in landfill bioaerosols: Environmental conditions and biological risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 290:118037. [PMID: 34482243 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Landfills, as well as other waste management facilities are well-known bioaerosols sources. These places may foment antibiotic-resistance in bacterial bioaerosol (A.R.B.) due to inadequate pharmaceutical waste disposal. This issue may foster the necessity of using last-generation antibiotics with extra costs in the health care system, and deaths. The aim of this study was to reveal the multi-antibiotic resistant bacterial bioaerosol emitted by a sanitary landfill and the surrounding area. We evaluated the influence of environmental conditions in the occurrence of A.R.B. and biological risk assessment. Antibiotic resistance found in the bacteria aerosols was compared with the AWaRE consumption classification. We used the BIOGAVAL method to assess the workers' occupational exposure to antibiotic-resistant bacterial bioaerosols in the landfill. This study confirmed the multi-antibiotic resistant in bacterial bioaerosol in a landfill and in the surrounding area. Obtained mean concentrations of bacterial bioaerosols, as well as antibiotic-resistant in bacterial bioaerosol (A.R.B.), were high, especially for fine particles that may be a threat for human health. Results suggest the possible risk of antibiotic-resistance interchange between pathogenic and non-pathogenic species in the landfill facilities, thus promoting antibiotic multi-resistance genes spreading into the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy B Morgado-Gamero
- Department of Exact and Natural Sciences, Universidad de la Costa, Calle 58#55-66, Barranquilla, Colombia.
| | - Alexander Parody
- Engineering Faculty, Universidad Libre Barranquilla, Cra 46 No. 48-170, Barranquilla, Colombia.
| | - Jhorma Medina
- Department of Exact and Natural Sciences, Universidad de la Costa, Calle 58#55-66, Barranquilla, Colombia.
| | | | - Dayana Agudelo-Castañeda
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad del Norte, Km 5 via Puerto, Colombia.
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Mathew A, Nath JR, Modaweb A, Lone R, Abuhammour W. A Rare Case of Pediatric Central Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection With Kocuria Varians. Cureus 2021; 13:e18200. [PMID: 34584818 PMCID: PMC8458495 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cases of central line blood infections caused by Kocuria spp. are limited in the literature. Most of those infections have been detected in hospitalized patients with severe underlying disease or those with implanted catheters or with suppressed immunity. They are usually non-pathogenic in humans, but few cases of opportunistic infections in adult and pediatric populations have been reported. They can be serious in certain occasions. So treating physicians should not underestimate or ignore the significance of the infection with these bacteria. We report a rare case of central venous catheter (CVC) infection associated with Kocuriavarians, which was successfully treated with CVC salvage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aji Mathew
- Pediatric Pulmonology, Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital, Dubai, ARE
| | - Jaidev R Nath
- Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital, Dubai, ARE
| | - Ali Modaweb
- Pediatrics, Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital, Dubai, ARE
| | - Rubina Lone
- Laboratory Medicine, Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital, Dubai, ARE
| | - Walid Abuhammour
- Infectious Diseases, Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital, Dubai, ARE
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Kohli U, Hazra A, Shahab A, Beaser AD, Aziz ZA, Upadhyay GA, Ozcan C, Tung R, Nayak HM. Atypical pathogens associated with cardiac implantable electronic device infections. PACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY: PACE 2021; 44:1549-1561. [PMID: 34245025 PMCID: PMC9290787 DOI: 10.1111/pace.14311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infections are associated with significant morbidity and mortality making the identification of the causative organism critical. The vast majority of CIED infections are caused by Staphylococcal species. CIED infections associated with atypical pathogens are rare and have not been systematically investigated. The objective of this study is to characterize the clinical course, management and outcome in patients with CIED infection secondary to atypical pathogens. METHODS Medical records of all patients who underwent CIED system extraction at the University of Chicago Medical Center between January 2010 and November 2020 were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients with CIED infection. Demographic, clinical, infection-related and outcome data were collected. CIED infections were divided into typical and atypical groups based on the pathogens isolated. RESULTS Among 356 CIED extraction procedures, 130 (37%) were performed for CIED infection. Atypical pathogens were found in 5.4% (n = 7) and included Pantoea species (n = 2), Kocuria species (n = 1), Cutibacterium acnes (n = 1), Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum (n = 1), Corynebacterium striatum (n = 1), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n = 1), and Pseudozyma ahidis (n = 1). All patients with atypical CIED infections were successfully treated with total system removal and tailored antibiotic therapy. There were no infection-related deaths. CONCLUSIONS CIED infections with atypical pathogens were rare and associated with good outcome if diagnosed early and treated with total system removal and tailored antimicrobial therapy. Atypical pathogens cultured from blood, tissue or hardware in patients with CIED infection should be considered pathogens and not contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utkarsh Kohli
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children's Hospital and the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Division of Pediatric Cardiology/Electrophysiology, Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Aniruddha Hazra
- Section of Infectious Diseases & Global Health, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ahmed Shahab
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Heart and Vascular Center, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrew D Beaser
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Heart and Vascular Center, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Zaid A Aziz
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Heart and Vascular Center, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gaurav A Upadhyay
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Heart and Vascular Center, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cevher Ozcan
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Heart and Vascular Center, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Roderick Tung
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Heart and Vascular Center, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hemal M Nayak
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Heart and Vascular Center, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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6
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Namba Y, Fujisaki S, Fukuda T. Kocuria kristinae infection associated with short bowel syndrome: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2020; 77:276-278. [PMID: 33189010 PMCID: PMC7672243 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Only a few cases of K. kristinae infection have been reported in the literature. Patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS) have a risk of opportunistic infections. We report a rare case of K. kristinae infection associated with SBS. Patients with SBS require careful follow-up for opportunistic infections such as K. kristinae.
Introduction Only a few cases of K. kristinae infection have been reported in the literature. Patients with short bowel syndrome have an increased risk of opportunistic infections due to decreased bowel immunity and the long-term central venous catheter placement. We report a rare case of K. kristinae infection associated with SBS requiring long-term central venous access port placement. Presentation of case A 70-year-old woman presented with fever of approximately 39 °C to our hospital for examination. She has undergone total hysterectomy and radiation therapy for cervical cancer 36 years ago. Five years ago, she developed multiple small bowel perforations, and a jejunostomy was constructed at the oral end of the perforation and approximately 110 cm from the ligament of Treitz because of the difficulty in dissecting the adhesion. She developed short bowel syndrome, and the central venous port was constructed four years ago due to poor enteral nutrition. K. kristinae was detected in the central venous catheter tip and in two blood cultures. We administered intravenous vancomycin. After seven days of antibiotic treatment, both fever and inflammatory reaction improved, and the blood culture was negative. After 16 days of antibiotic treatment, we performed central venous port construction on the side opposite to the previous site. Conclusion Patients with short bowel syndrome have an increased risk of K. kristinae infections due to decreased bowel immunity and the long-term central venous port, and therefore, these patients should be followed up carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Namba
- Department of Surgery, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Japan
| | - Seiji Fujisaki
- Department of Surgery, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Japan; Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Fukuda
- Department of Surgery, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Japan; Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
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7
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Pierron A, Zayet S, Toko L, Royer PY, Garnier P, Gendrin V. Catheter-related bacteremia with endocarditis caused by Kocuria rhizophila. Infect Dis Now 2020; 51:97-98. [PMID: 33010354 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Pierron
- Department of Infectious diseases, Nord Franche-Comté Hospital, 100, route de Moval, Trevenans, France
| | - S Zayet
- Department of Infectious diseases, Nord Franche-Comté Hospital, 100, route de Moval, Trevenans, France.
| | - L Toko
- Department of Infectious diseases, Nord Franche-Comté Hospital, 100, route de Moval, Trevenans, France
| | - P Y Royer
- Department of Infectious diseases, Nord Franche-Comté Hospital, 100, route de Moval, Trevenans, France
| | - P Garnier
- Department of Microbiology, Nord Franche-Comté Hospital, 100, route de Moval, Trevenans, France
| | - V Gendrin
- Department of Infectious diseases, Nord Franche-Comté Hospital, 100, route de Moval, Trevenans, France
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8
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Prokop JW, Shankar R, Gupta R, Leimanis ML, Nedveck D, Uhl K, Chen B, Hartog NL, Van Veen J, Sisco JS, Sirpilla O, Lydic T, Boville B, Hernandez A, Braunreiter C, Kuk CC, Singh V, Mills J, Wegener M, Adams M, Rhodes M, Bachmann AS, Pan W, Byrne-Steele ML, Smith DC, Depinet M, Brown BE, Eisenhower M, Han J, Haw M, Madura C, Sanfilippo DJ, Seaver LH, Bupp C, Rajasekaran S. Virus-induced genetics revealed by multidimensional precision medicine transcriptional workflow applicable to COVID-19. Physiol Genomics 2020; 52:255-268. [PMID: 32437232 PMCID: PMC7303726 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00045.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine requires the translation of basic biological understanding to medical insights, mainly applied to characterization of each unique patient. In many clinical settings, this requires tools that can be broadly used to identify pathology and risks. Patients often present to the intensive care unit with broad phenotypes, including multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) resulting from infection, trauma, or other disease processes. Etiology and outcomes are unique to individuals, making it difficult to cohort patients with MODS, but presenting a prime target for testing/developing tools for precision medicine. Using multitime point whole blood (cellular/acellular) total transcriptomics in 27 patients, we highlight the promise of simultaneously mapping viral/bacterial load, cell composition, tissue damage biomarkers, balance between syndromic biology versus environmental response, and unique biological insights in each patient using a single platform measurement. Integration of a transcriptome workflow yielded unexpected insights into the complex interplay between host genetics and viral/bacterial specific mechanisms, highlighted by a unique case of virally induced genetics (VIG) within one of these 27 patients. The power of RNA-Seq to study unique patient biology while investigating environmental contributions can be a critical tool moving forward for translational sciences applied to precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy W Prokop
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Rama Shankar
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Ruchir Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Mara L Leimanis
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Derek Nedveck
- Office of Research, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Katie Uhl
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Nicholas L Hartog
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Adult Allergy and Immunology, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Jason Van Veen
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Grand Rapids Community College, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Joshua S Sisco
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Grand Rapids Community College, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Olivia Sirpilla
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Walsh University, North Canton, Ohio
| | - Todd Lydic
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Brian Boville
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Angel Hernandez
- Pediatric Neurology, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Chi Braunreiter
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - ChiuYing Cynthia Kuk
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Varinder Singh
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Joshua Mills
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Grand Rapids Community College, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Marc Wegener
- Genomics Core Facility, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Marie Adams
- Genomics Core Facility, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Mary Rhodes
- Genomics Core Facility, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Andre S Bachmann
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jian Han
- iRepertoire Inc., Huntsville, Alabama
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama
| | - Marcus Haw
- Congenital Heart Center, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Casey Madura
- Pediatric Neurology, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Dominic J Sanfilippo
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Laurie H Seaver
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Spectrum Health Medical Genetics, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Caleb Bupp
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Spectrum Health Medical Genetics, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Surender Rajasekaran
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Office of Research, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Michigan
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Napolitani M, Troiano G, Bedogni C, Messina G, Nante N. Kocuria kristinae: an emerging pathogen in medical practice. J Med Microbiol 2019; 68:1596-1603. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Napolitani
- Post Graduate School of Public Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - G. Troiano
- Post Graduate School of Public Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - C. Bedogni
- Medical and General Management, S. Croce e Carle Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - G. Messina
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Post Graduate School of Public Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - N. Nante
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Post Graduate School of Public Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Rojas-Molina SM, Rivera-Marín JD, Leiva-Panqueba LM. Endocarditis bacteriana por Kocuria kristinae en un paciente inmunocompetente. Reporte de caso. INFECTIO 2019. [DOI: 10.22354/in.v23i4.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Los miembros del género Kocuria corresponden a cocos Gram positivos ubicuos, generalmente inocuos y que hacen parte de la flora saprófita de un porcentaje importante de la población; ocasionalmente han sido descritos como los agentes responsables de patologías infecciosas, principalmente dentro del contexto de pacientes que concomitantemente cursan con enfermedades crónicas y estados de inmunosupresión. Son escasos los casos reportados como causa de endocarditis en pacientes inmunocompetentes a nivel global por especies de este género. Se expone el caso de una mujer inmunocompetente de 44 años, sin antecedentesde importancia, en quien solo el diagnóstico microbiológico permitió confirmar la presencia de Kocuria kristinae como agente causal de su endocarditis infecciosa; la literatura señala la dificultad existente al momento de diferenciar la endocarditis producida por Staphylococcus spp. versus Kocuria kristinae por su evolución clínica similar, indicando la importancia de la microbiología al momento de identificar y diagnosticar apropiadamente.
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11
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Joron C, Roméo B, Le Flèche-Matéos A, Rames C, El Samad Y, Hamdad F. Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis as a cause of persistent paediatric catheter-related bacteraemia. Clin Microbiol Infect 2019; 25:1054-1055. [PMID: 30825676 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Joron
- Service des Urgences Pédiatriques, CHU Amiens-Picardie, France
| | - B Roméo
- Service des Urgences Pédiatriques, CHU Amiens-Picardie, France; Service de Cardio-Pneumologie Pédiatrique, CHU Amiens-Picardie, France
| | - A Le Flèche-Matéos
- Institut Pasteur de Paris, Unité Environnement et Risques Infectieux, Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence, France
| | - C Rames
- Service de Cardio-Pneumologie Pédiatrique, CHU Amiens-Picardie, France
| | - Y El Samad
- Service de Pathologies Infectieuses, CHU Amiens-Picardie, France
| | - F Hamdad
- Service de Bactériologie, Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU Amiens-Picardie, France.
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Živković Zarić RS, Pejčić AV, Janković SM, Kostić MJ, Milosavljević MN, Milosavljević MJ, Opančina VD. Antimicrobial treatment of Kocuria kristinae invasive infections: Systematic review. J Chemother 2019; 31:109-119. [DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2018.1542551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana V. Pejčić
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Marina J. Kostić
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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13
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Dave VP, Joseph J, Pathengay A, Pappuru RR. Clinical presentations, management outcomes, and diagnostic dilemma in Kocuria endophthalmitis. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect 2018; 8:21. [PMID: 30460590 PMCID: PMC6246755 DOI: 10.1186/s12348-018-0163-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To describe the clinical presentations and management outcomes of Kocuria endophthalmitis and discuss diagnostic dilemmas DESIGN: Retrospective interventional comparative case series INTERVENTION: Eight unilateral cases with culture-proven Kocuria endophthalmitis from January 2013 to December 2017 underwent vitrectomy/vitreous biopsy and intravitreal antibiotic with or without additional procedures. The undiluted vitreous was subjected to microbiologic evaluation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The mean age at presentation, etiology, number of interventions, interval between inciting event and presentation, type of intravitreal antibiotic used, and anatomic and functional outcomes were reported. A favorable anatomic outcome was defined as preservation of the globe, absence of hypotony, attached retina, and absence of active inflammation at the last visit. RESULTS In the current series, there were five males and three females. The mean age at presentation was 31 ± 17.44 years (median 30 years). The inciting event was open globe injury in five cases and one case each following cataract surgery, microbial keratitis, and endogenous cause. Visual acuity was ≥ 20/400 in one case at presentation and ≥ 20/400 in three cases at the last visit. The species identified by Vitek 2, included Kocuria kristinae in three, K. rosea in four and K. varians in one. Follow-up period was 8.25 ± 8.24 months (median 6.5). Six cases (75%) had complete resolution of infection and inflammation at the last visit. Anatomic success was achieved in 75%. CONCLUSIONS Kocuria is a relatively rare cause of endophthalmitis often misdiagnosed as Staphylococcal endophthalmitis. Clinical presentation can be variable but favorable antibiotic susceptibility and appropriate timely management can result in acceptable visual and anatomic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Pravin Dave
- Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Center for Vitreoretinal Diseases, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500034, India.
| | - Joveeta Joseph
- Jhaveri Microbiology Center, Brien Holden Eye Research Center, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Avinash Pathengay
- Retina and Uveitis Department, GMR Varalaxmi Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hanumanthawaka Chowk, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530040, India
| | - Rajeev R Pappuru
- Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Center for Vitreoretinal Diseases, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500034, India
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Hirad AH, Ahmad J, Alkhedhairy AA, Bahkali AH, Khan ST. Bacterial isolates exhibiting multidrug resistance, hemolytic activity, and high 16S rRNA gene similarity with well-known pathogens found in camel milk samples of Riyadh region. APMIS 2018; 126:215-226. [PMID: 29484747 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Customary consumption of unpasteurized milk by the population in the central Najed region of Saudi Arabia may pose a health risk. Therefore, 80 camel milk samples were collected aseptically from seven different stations of Riyadh region. The biochemical and microbiological properties of these milk samples were determined. Nutrient agar and brain heart infusion agar were used to determine mesophilic aerobic counts (MACs). The MAC in each mL of milk varied from 60 to 16 × 104 CFU/mL on nutrient agar. Based on the colony morphology, 176 colonies were collected from different samples, and these isolates were de-replicated into 80 unique isolates using rep-PCR analysis. Surprisingly, the 16S rRNA sequence analysis of these strains revealed that more than one-third of the collected milk samples contained strains that share maximum sequence similarities with well-known pathogens, such as Brucella, Bacillus anthracis, Listeria monocytogenes, and MRSA. Furthermore, many strains exhibit 16S rRNA gene similarity with opportunistic pathogens such as Citrobacter freundii and Kytococcus schroeteri. Many strains exhibit β-hemolytic activity and resistant to six different antibiotics. Our study suggested that consumption of raw camel milk from this region constitutes a great health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurahman H Hirad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Ahmad
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ali H Bahkali
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shams T Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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15
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Rahim GR, Gupta N, Maheshwari P. Observations on “Native valve endocarditis caused by Kocuria kristinae ”. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2018; 36:146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kim KY, Cho JH, Yu CM, Lee KJ, Lee JM, Koh S, Kwon M, Jeong D. A Case of Community-acquired Bacteremic Empyema Caused by Kocuria kristinae. Infect Chemother 2018; 50:144-148. [PMID: 29968982 PMCID: PMC6031602 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2018.50.2.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kocuria kristinae, part of the normal flora of the skin and oral mucosa, is seldom reported as a human pathogen; infection is mostly associated with immunocompromised patients in healthcare facilities. Here, we describe the first case of bacteremic empyema caused by K. kristinae acquired from the community. K. kristinae was isolated from pleural effusion and two sets of peripheral blood samples drawn from two different sites. The empyema resolved after the insertion of a chest tube and intravenous administration of piperacillin-tazobactam and levofloxacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Police Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Police Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Chang Min Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Police Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kyung Jin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Police Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Min Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Police Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seokyoung Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Police Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mingu Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Police Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dasol Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Police Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Loong SK, Tan KK, Zainal N, Phoon WH, Zain SNM, AbuBakar S. Draft genome of the emerging pathogen, Kocuria marina, isolated from a wild urban rat. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2017; 112:857-859. [PMID: 29211248 PMCID: PMC5719556 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760170132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Kocuria marina has recently emerged as a cause for catheter-related bloodstream infections in patients with underlying health complications. One K. marina strain was recently isolated from the lung tissues of a wild urban rat (Rattus rattus diardii) caught during rodent surveillance. Here, we present the draft genome of the first K. marina animal isolate, K. marina TRE150902.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih Keng Loong
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Tropical Infectious
Diseases Research & Education Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kim-Kee Tan
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Tropical Infectious
Diseases Research & Education Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical
Microbiology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurhafiza Zainal
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Tropical Infectious
Diseases Research & Education Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical
Microbiology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wai Hong Phoon
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Tropical Infectious
Diseases Research & Education Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical
Microbiology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nursheena Mohd Zain
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Science, Institute of
Biological Sciences, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sazaly AbuBakar
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Tropical Infectious
Diseases Research & Education Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical
Microbiology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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18
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Prevalence of bacterial contamination in platelet concentrates at the National Center of Blood Transfusion (Mexico). Transfus Clin Biol 2017; 24:56-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the characteristics of infectious keratitis caused by Kocuria spp. METHODS Retrospective case series. Information included demographic data, medical history, risk factors associated with infectious keratitis, clinical characteristics, microbiological results and drug sensitivity, clinical course, management, and visual outcomes. RESULTS Eight patients were included (7 females and 1 male; mean age, 66.2 years; age range, 42-84 years). All patients presented risk factors for infectious complications, such as filamentous keratitis, dry eye, blepharitis, and persistent corneal edema. In all cases, ulcers were classified as severe. The infection resolved with medical treatment in one eye only. One case was treated with amniotic membrane graft. Two patients required keratoplasty (lamellar and penetrating), and one case needed sclerokeratoplasty. In three cases, the keratitis was severe enough to require evisceration. The final visual acuity ranged from 20/25 to no light perception. CONCLUSIONS Bacterial keratitis by Kocuria spp. is a rare infection that may have an unexpected clinical course and possible serious outcomes. This pathogen should be considered in patients with unusual clinical course. Local or systemic immune compromise in the genesis of the disease must also be taken into account, and ophthalmologists should be more suspicious in this vulnerable group of patients.
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20
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Mediano P, Fernández L, Jiménez E, Arroyo R, Espinosa-Martos I, Rodríguez JM, Marín M. Microbial Diversity in Milk of Women With Mastitis: Potential Role of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci, Viridans Group Streptococci, and Corynebacteria. J Hum Lact 2017; 33:309-318. [PMID: 28418794 DOI: 10.1177/0890334417692968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactational mastitis constitutes a significant cause of premature weaning. However, its etiology, linked to the presence of pathogenic microorganisms, has been scarcely reported. Research aim: The aim of this study was to describe the microbial diversity in milk samples from women suffering from lactational mastitis and to identify more accurately a collection of isolates belonging to coagulase-negative staphylococci, streptococci, and coryneform bacteria. METHODS This is a cross-sectional descriptive one-group study. A total of 5,009 isolates from 1,849 mastitis milk samples was identified by culture, biochemical, and/or molecular methods at the species or genus level. A more precise identification of a collection of 211 isolates was carried out by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS Mean total bacterial count in milk samples was 4.11 log10 colony-forming units/ml, 95% confidence interval [4.08, 4.15]. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common species being isolated from 91.56% of the samples, whereas Staphylococcus aureus was detected in 29.74%. Streptococci and corynebacteria constituted the second (70.20%) and third (16.60%) most prevalent bacterial groups, respectively, found in this study. In contrast, Candida spp. was present in only 0.54% of the samples. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene revealed a high diversity of bacterial species among identified isolates. CONCLUSION Many coagulase-negative staphylococci, viridans group streptococci, and corynebacteria, usually dismissed as contaminant bacteria, may play an important role as etiologic agents of mastitis. Proper diagnosis of mastitis should be established after performing microbiological testing of milk based on standardized procedures. A reliable analysis must identify the mastitis-causing pathogen(s) at the species level and its(their) concentration(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Mediano
- 1 Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonides Fernández
- 1 Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Jiménez
- 1 Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,2 Probisearch SL, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Arroyo
- 1 Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,2 Probisearch SL, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Espinosa-Martos
- 1 Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,2 Probisearch SL, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M Rodríguez
- 1 Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Marín
- 1 Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Central Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection with Kocuria kristinae in a Patient with Propionic Acidemia. Case Rep Infect Dis 2017; 2017:1254175. [PMID: 28194286 PMCID: PMC5282407 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1254175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kocuria kristinae is a catalase-positive, coagulase-negative, Gram-positive coccus found in the environment and in normal skin and mucosa in humans; however, it is rarely isolated from clinical specimens and is considered a nonpathogenic bacterium. We describe a case of catheter-related bacteremia due to K. kristinae in a young adult with propionic acidemia undergoing periodic hemodialysis. The patient had a central venous catheter implanted for total parenteral nutrition approximately 6 months prior to the onset of symptoms because of repeated acute pancreatitis. K. kristinae was isolated from two sets of blood cultures collected from the catheter. Vancomycin followed by cefazolin for 16 days and 5-day ethanol lock therapy successfully eradicated the K. kristinae bacteremia. Although human infections with this organism appear to be rare and are sometimes considered to result from contamination, physicians should not underestimate its significance when it is isolated in clinical specimens.
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22
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Kolikonda MK, Jayakumar P, Sriramula S, Lippmann S. Kocuria kristinae infection during adalimumab treatment. Postgrad Med 2016; 129:296-298. [DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2017.1250606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murali K. Kolikonda
- Department of Neurology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Priyanga Jayakumar
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | | | - Steven Lippmann
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
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23
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Bacteremia Caused by Kocuria kristinae from Egypt: Are There More? A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Case Rep Infect Dis 2016; 2016:6318064. [PMID: 27872773 PMCID: PMC5107847 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6318064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Kocuria kristinae is opportunistic Gram-positive cocci from the family Micrococcaceae. It is usually considered part of the normal flora that rarely is isolated from clinical specimens. Here, we report a case of Kocuria kristinae bacteremia; to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report from Egypt.
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Bhavsar SM, Hamula CL, Dingle TC. Report of two paediatric cases of central line infections caused by species of the genus Kocuria. JMM Case Rep 2016; 3:e005040. [PMID: 28348760 PMCID: PMC5330228 DOI: 10.1099/jmmcr.0.005040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Species of the genus Kocuria are Gram-positive cocci of the family Micrococcacceae that are ubiquitous in the environment and part of the normal skin and oral flora in humans. A paucity of cases have been reported of Kocuria as human pathogens and there are currently no evidence-based guidelines for managing these uncommon infections. Case presentation: We present two paediatric cases of central line infections with species of the genus Kocuria that required line removal despite antimicrobial therapy. Conclusion: Species of the genus Kocuria are uncommon human pathogens that have rarely been reported to cause opportunistic infections in both adult and paediatric populations. The cases presented here add to the growing body of literature documenting the pathogenicity of these organisms and the possible need for line removal to achieve clinical cure in central line-associated bacteraemia caused by species of the genus Kocuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejal Makvana Bhavsar
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Mount Sinai Hospital/Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place , New York, NY 10029 , USA
| | - Camille L Hamula
- Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Hospital/Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place , New York, NY 10029 , USA
| | - Tanis C Dingle
- Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Hospital/Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place , New York, NY 10029 , USA
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Horino T, Shimamura Y, Ogata K, Inoue K, Terada Y. Kocuria kristinae septic arthritis associated with infectious endocarditis in a hemodialysis patient with diabetes mellitus: a case report and literature review. RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s41100-016-0041-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Aguilera-Arreola MG, Martínez-Peña MD, Hernández-Martínez F, Juárez Enriques SR, Rico Verdín B, Majalca-Martínez C, Castro-Escarpulli G, Albarrán-Fernández E, Serrano-López SC. Cultivation-independent approach for the direct detection of bacteria in human clinical specimens as a tool for analysing culture-negative samples: a prospective study. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:332. [PMID: 27065040 PMCID: PMC4792836 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-1949-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Administration of empirical antibiotic therapy prior to microbiological diagnosis is thought to be associated the failure of subsequent bacterial growth in culture. The aim of this study was to detect bacterial pathogens via direct amplification and sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene in samples showing negative culture results as alternative diagnostic tools to troubleshoot difficult samples. Twenty-three (7.66 %) positive samples were detected, most of which were monomicrobial infections; 15 of the cases were identified as HAIs, 6 had catheter colonisation, and 2 had sample colonisation. The pathogens identified included Escherichia, Salmonella, Pseudomonas spp., Enterococcus spp. and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). The most frequent infections were bacteraemia and urinary tract infection, but meningitis, warm infection and soft tissue infection were also documented. These findings emphasise the efficacy and usefulness of molecular diagnosis, thus 16S rDNA gene analysis is strongly indicated by HAIs diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Guadalupe Aguilera-Arreola
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Mexico City, D.F. Mexico
| | - Marcos Daniel Martínez-Peña
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Mexico City, D.F. Mexico ; Microbial Genetic Resources Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos (CNRG)-INIFAP, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Fabiola Hernández-Martínez
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Mexico City, D.F. Mexico ; Department of Zoology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas - Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, D.F. Mexico
| | - Sara R Juárez Enriques
- Special Test Laboratory, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) 20 de Noviembre - Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, D.F. Mexico
| | - Beatriz Rico Verdín
- Department of Epidemiology, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) 20 de Noviembre del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, D.F. Mexico
| | - Cristina Majalca-Martínez
- Special Test Laboratory, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) 20 de Noviembre - Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, D.F. Mexico
| | - Graciela Castro-Escarpulli
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Mexico City, D.F. Mexico
| | - Enrique Albarrán-Fernández
- Department of Epidemiology, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) 20 de Noviembre del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, D.F. Mexico
| | - S Cecilia Serrano-López
- Special Test Laboratory, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) 20 de Noviembre - Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, D.F. Mexico
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Brändle G, L'Huillier AG, Wagner N, Gervaix A, Wildhaber BE, Lacroix L. First report of Kocuria marina spontaneous peritonitis in a child. BMC Infect Dis 2014; 14:719. [PMID: 25547004 PMCID: PMC4297396 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-014-0719-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a rare affection in the pediatric population. It usually occurs when concurrent conditions are present, such as nephrotic syndrome, peritoneal dialysis or liver disease. We report a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to Kocuria marina in a 2-year-old child with no underlying risk factor. This is both the first description of an infection caused by this rare pathogen in a child and the first reported case of primary peritonitis caused by K. marina in a patient with no predisposing condition. Case presentation A 2 year-old boy presented to the Pediatric Emergency Department with clinical signs of peritonitis. Laparoscopic surgical exploration confirmed purulent, generalized peritonitis without perforation. Culture of the peritoneal fluid revealed the presence of Kocuria marina, a Gram-positive coccoid environmental bacteria. After peritoneal lavage and appropriate antibiotic treatment, the patient improved and was discharged without sequel. Conclusion The present report illustrates the first clinical presentation of Kocuria marina SBP in a child with no underlying risk factor. Although never previously described in healthy patients, this pathogen may therefore be considered as a possible cause of SBP in a child. This unusual finding extends the spectrum of infectious diseases caused by Kocuria marina beyond the scope of the previously described susceptible population. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-014-0719-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Brändle
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Child and Adolescent Department, University Hospitals of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 47, CH-1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland. .,, Present address: 37 Bd de la Cluse, CH-1205, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Present address: Service d'Accueil et d'Urgences Pédiatriques, Hôpitaux Universitaires des Genève, Avenue de la Roseraie 47, CH-1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland.
| | - Arnaud G L'Huillier
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Child and Adolescent Department, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Willy Donzé 6, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Noémie Wagner
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Child and Adolescent Department, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Willy Donzé 6, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Alain Gervaix
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Child and Adolescent Department, University Hospitals of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 47, CH-1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland.
| | - Barbara E Wildhaber
- Pediatric Surgery, Child and Adolescent Department, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Willy Donzé 6, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Laurence Lacroix
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Child and Adolescent Department, University Hospitals of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 47, CH-1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland. .,Present address: Service d'Accueil et d'Urgences Pédiatriques, Hôpitaux Universitaires des Genève, Avenue de la Roseraie 47, CH-1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland.
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Moreira JS, Riccetto AGL, Silva MTND, Vilela MMDS. Endocarditis by Kocuria rosea in an immunocompetent child. Braz J Infect Dis 2014; 19:82-4. [PMID: 25523077 PMCID: PMC9425231 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Kocuria rosea belongs to genus Kocuria (Micrococcaceae family, suborder Micrococcineae, order Actinomycetales) that includes about 11 species of bacteria. Usually, Kocuria sp are commensal organisms that colonize oropharynx, skin and mucous membrane; Kocuria sp infections have been described in the last decade commonly affecting immunocompromised patients, using intravenous catheter or peritoneal dialysis. These patients had mainly bacteremia/recurrent sepsis. We hereby describe the case of a 10-year-old girl, immunocompetent, who had endocarditis/sepsis by K. rosea which was identified in five different blood cultures by Vitek 2 ID-GPC card (BioMérieux, France). Negative HIV serology, blood count within normal range of leukocytes/neutrophils and lymphocytes, normal fractions of the complement, normal level of immunoglobulins for the age; lymphocyte immunophenotyping was also within the expected values. Thymus image was normal at chest MRI. No catheters were required. Identification of K. rosea was essential to this case, allowing the differentiation of coagulase-negative staphylococci and use of an effective antibiotic treatment. Careful laboratory analysis of Gram-positive blood-born infections may reveal more cases of Kocuria sp infections in immunocompetent patients, which may collaborate for a better understanding, prevention and early treatment of these infections in pediatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriana Gut Lopes Riccetto
- Pediatric Immunology, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas/Unicamp, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Tadeu Nolasco da Silva
- Pediatric Immunology, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas/Unicamp, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Marluce dos Santos Vilela
- Pediatric Immunology, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas/Unicamp, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Sohn KM, Baek JY, Kim SH, Cheon S, Kim YS. Catheter-related bacteremia caused by Kocuria salsicia: the first case. J Infect Chemother 2014; 21:305-7. [PMID: 25497673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the first case of catheter-related bacteremia caused by Kocuria salsicia in a patient with short bowel syndrome. The pathogen was initially identified as Kocuria varians by a Vitek 2-based assessment, but its 16S rRNA gene sequence showed 100% similarity to K. salsicia. The patient was successfully treated with vancomycin and removal of the catheter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Mok Sohn
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.
| | - Jin-Yang Baek
- Asia Pacific Foundation for Infectious Diseases (APFID), Seoul, South Korea
| | - So Hyun Kim
- Asia Pacific Foundation for Infectious Diseases (APFID), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shinhye Cheon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Sook Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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Garcia DC, Nascimento R, Soto V, Mendoza CE. A rare native mitral valve endocarditis successfully treated after surgical correction. BMJ Case Rep 2014; 2014:bcr-2013-202610. [PMID: 25270154 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2013-202610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus and Kocuria species are rare causes of infections in humans. Endocarditis by these agents has been reported in only 11 cases. M. abscessus is a particularly resistant organism and treatment requires the association of antibiotics for a prolonged period of time. We report a case of native mitral valve bacterial endocarditis due to M. abscessus and Kocuria species in a 48-year-old man with a history of intravenous drug use. The case was complicated by a perforation of the posterior mitral valve leaflet, leading to surgical mitral valve replacement. Cultures from the blood and mitral valve disclosed M. abscessus and Kocuria species. The patient was treated for 6 months with clarithromycin, imipenem and amikacin, with resolution of symptoms. Repeated blood cultures were negative. Acid-fast staining should be done in subacute endocarditis in order to identify rapidly growing mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Garcia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Rhanderson Nascimento
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Victor Soto
- Department of Cardiology, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Cesar E Mendoza
- Department of Cardiology, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA
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Domont F, Le Flèche‐Matéos A, Brémond‐Gignac D, Hamdad F. Kocuria dacryocystitis infection, caused by kocuria ocularis sp. Nov. JMM Case Rep 2014. [DOI: 10.1099/jmmcr.0.002022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Domont
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU sud, Amiens, France
| | | | - Dominique Brémond‐Gignac
- Unité CNRS UMR8194, Université Paris V, Paris, France
- Service d’Ophtalmologie, CHU d’Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Farida Hamdad
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU sud, Amiens, France
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Bruker biotyper matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry system for identification of Nocardia, Rhodococcus, Kocuria, Gordonia, Tsukamurella, and Listeria species. J Clin Microbiol 2014; 52:2371-9. [PMID: 24759706 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00456-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated whether the Bruker Biotyper matrix-associated laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) system provides accurate species-level identifications of 147 isolates of aerobically growing Gram-positive rods (GPRs). The bacterial isolates included Nocardia (n = 74), Listeria (n = 39), Kocuria (n = 15), Rhodococcus (n = 10), Gordonia (n = 7), and Tsukamurella (n = 2) species, which had all been identified by conventional methods, molecular methods, or both. In total, 89.7% of Listeria monocytogenes, 80% of Rhodococcus species, 26.7% of Kocuria species, and 14.9% of Nocardia species (n = 11, all N. nova and N. otitidiscaviarum) were correctly identified to the species level (score values, ≥ 2.0). A clustering analysis of spectra generated by the Bruker Biotyper identified six clusters of Nocardia species, i.e., cluster 1 (N. cyriacigeorgica), cluster 2 (N. brasiliensis), cluster 3 (N. farcinica), cluster 4 (N. puris), cluster 5 (N. asiatica), and cluster 6 (N. beijingensis), based on the six peaks generated by ClinProTools with the genetic algorithm, i.e., m/z 2,774.477 (cluster 1), m/z 5,389.792 (cluster 2), m/z 6,505.720 (cluster 3), m/z 5,428.795 (cluster 4), m/z 6,525.326 (cluster 5), and m/z 16,085.216 (cluster 6). Two clusters of L. monocytogenes spectra were also found according to the five peaks, i.e., m/z 5,594.85, m/z 6,184.39, and m/z 11,187.31, for cluster 1 (serotype 1/2a) and m/z 5,601.21 and m/z 11,199.33 for cluster 2 (serotypes 1/2b and 4b). The Bruker Biotyper system was unable to accurately identify Nocardia (except for N. nova and N. otitidiscaviarum), Tsukamurella, or Gordonia species. Continuous expansion of the MALDI-TOF MS databases to include more GPRs is necessary.
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Dotis J, Printza N, Stabouli S, Papachristou F. Kocuria species peritonitis: although rare, we have to care. Perit Dial Int 2014; 35:26-30. [PMID: 24584591 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2013.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Kocuria species are found in the environment and on human skin. These micro-organisms are generally considered to be nonpathogenic saprophytes, rarely causing infection. However, the peritoneum has been reported to be a site of Kocuria infection. We reviewed all cases of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients caused by Kocuria species that were reported in the worldwide literature. In total, 12 episodes of Kocuria species peritonitis have been reported in 9 PD patients. The median age of the patients was 62 years (range: 8 - 78 years). In the reported episodes, 4 different Kocuria species were isolated, with K. varians being the predominant species (41.7%). The most common initial symptom was abdominal pain (83.3%), followed by turbid effluent (75%) and fever (33.3%). Intraperitoneal first-generation cephalosporins and glycopeptides were the most-used antibiotics, with first-generation cephalosporins being more often preferred as first-line therapy. The median duration of treatment was 14 days, and in 2 episodes, the Tenckhoff catheter was removed. Although Kocuria peritonitis in PD patients is rare, it should be promptly treated because relapses can occur, especially with K. varians episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Dotis
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 1st Department of Pediatrics, Hippokratio Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikoleta Printza
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 1st Department of Pediatrics, Hippokratio Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stella Stabouli
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 1st Department of Pediatrics, Hippokratio Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Fotios Papachristou
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 1st Department of Pediatrics, Hippokratio Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Lee MN, Huh HJ, Kim B, Kang CI, Kim K, Ki CS, Lee NY. A Case of Catheter-relatedKocuria marinaBloodstream Infection in a Patient with Multiple Myeloma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3343/lmo.2014.4.1.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Na Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jae Huh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Borham Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol-In Kang
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kihyun Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Seok Ki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Yong Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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The expanding spectrum of human infections caused by Kocuria species: a case report and literature review. Emerg Microbes Infect 2013; 2:e71. [PMID: 26038440 PMCID: PMC3826069 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2013.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Although not previously known to cause human infections, Kocuria species have now emerged as human pathogens, mostly in compromised hosts with severe underlying disease. Recently, there has been an increasing incidence of different types of Kocuria infections reported, most likely due to the adoption of better identification methods. Here, we report a case of peritonitis caused by Kocuria rosea in a diabetic nephropathy patient who was on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Sepsis and peritonitis caused by K. rosea in our case yielded two identical Kocuria isolates from the peritoneal dialysate fluid within a period of three days. The infection was subsequently resolved by antibiotic treatment and catheter removal. In addition to reporting this case, we herein review the literature concerning the emergence of Kocuria as a significant human pathogen. The majority of cases were device-related, acquired in the hospital or endogenous, and different Kocuria species appear to share a common etiology of peritonitis. The overall disease burden associated with Kocuria appears to be high, and the treatment guidelines for diseases associated with Kocuria have not yet been clearly defined.
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Lee MK, Choi SH, Ryu DW. Descending necrotizing Mediastinitis caused by Kocuria rosea: a case report. BMC Infect Dis 2013; 13:475. [PMID: 24112281 PMCID: PMC3852562 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kocuria species are gram-positive, non-pathogenic commensals. However, in immunocompromised patients such as transplant recipients, cancer patients, or patients with chronic medical conditions, they can cause opportunistic infections. CASE PRESENTATION We report the first case of descending necrotizing mediastinitis in a 58-year-old, relatively healthy woman caused by Kocuria rosea. CONCLUSION Descending necrotizing mediastinitis due to Kocuria rosea can be successfully treated with prompt surgical drainage combined with antimicrobial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Kyung Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Shinyong-dong 344-2, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.
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Bastidas AR, Vélez CA, Gutiérrez M. CV, Bahamón NJ. Endocarditis bacteriana por Kocuria kristinae en paciente inmunocompetente. Reporte de un caso. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE CARDIOLOGÍA 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0120-5633(13)70075-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Chen HM, Chi H, Chiu NC, Huang FY. Kocuria kristinae: a true pathogen in pediatric patients. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2013; 48:80-4. [PMID: 23968754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kocuria kristinae is a Gram-positive microorganism, which has rarely been reported as a pathogen that causes infection in humans. Recently, a few studies had concluded that this pathogen can indeed cause infection in immunocompromised hosts. However, the number of reports on K. kristinae infection in pediatric patients is still relatively limited. METHODS Clinical data on pediatric patients who had K. kristinae cells isolated from their blood specimens during the period from January 2008 to May 2012 in a tertiary-care hospital in northern Taiwan were gathered and analyzed. RESULTS Among 12 patients with K. kristinae cells isolated from their blood specimens, laboratory test results confirmed seven to have K. kristinae bloodstream infection. Six of them were premature babies, and one had acute leukemia. The infections were all healthcare associated. All the six premature babies had clinical presentation of sepsis and were inserted with percutaneous central venous catheters. One patient had two sets of blood culture positive for K. kristinae infection, and two premature patients had two sets of K. kristinae isolated, one from blood culture and the other from catheter tip culture, both of which were done at the same time. The leukemic child was inserted with a Broviac catheter and had K. kristinae isolated from both blood specimen and Broviac catheter. In the remaining five patients, K. kristinae infection was considered to be contaminant because they had only one set of positive blood culture and had other recognized infections. CONCLUSION K. kristinae can cause infections in premature babies and immunocompromised pediatric patients using long-term intravenous catheters. Therefore, K. kristinae should be considered as a true pathogen and proper treatment should be provided to all susceptible pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Mao Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Zhongxing Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin Chi
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Chang Chiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Fu-Yuan Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Tewari R, Dudeja M, Das AK, Nandy S. Kocuria kristinae in catheter associated urinary tract infection: a case report. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7:1692-3. [PMID: 24086877 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2013/6077.3247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Kocuria kristinae is a gram positive coccus of the family of Micrococcacae. It inhabits the skin and mucous membranes, but it has rarely been isolated from clinical specimens and is thus considered to be a non-pathogenic commensal. However, it may cause opportunistic infections in patients with indwelling devices and severe underlying diseases. We are reporting an unusual case of a Kocuria kristinae urinary tract infection in a catheterized, 20-years old male. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a catheter related urinary tract infection which was caused by Kocuria kristinae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachna Tewari
- Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, HIMSR,Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi, India
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Citro R, Prota C, Greco L, Mirra M, Masullo A, Silverio A, Bossone E, Piscione F. Kocuria kristinae endocarditis related to diabetic foot infection. J Med Microbiol 2013; 62:932-934. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.054536-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We report an unusual case of endocarditis occurring in a 74-year-old man with a history of systemic hypertension, diabetes mellitus and minor amputation for left forefoot ulcer. The patient was hospitalized for vacuum-assisted closure therapy to aid in wound healing. After the first treatment session, the patient reported abdominal pain with haematemesis and fever (40 °C). Owing to persistent fever, three blood cultures were performed, all positive for Kocuria kristinae. The identification was based on biochemical tests and automated systems. The speciation of the micro-organism was achieved with MALDI-TOF and then confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Transthoracic echocardiographic examination showed the presence of a large vegetation (38×20 mm) on the posterior mitral leaflet and moderate mitral regurgitation. Since there are no current guidelines for the treatment of K. kristinae endocarditis, empiric antibiotic therapy with intravenous sulbactam/ampicillin (1.5 g twice daily) and gentamicin (6 mg kg−1 per day) was started. After 7 days of hospitalization, the patient’s condition suddenly worsened because of the occurrence of haemorrhagic stroke. Despite inotropic support and rifampicin infusion, the haemodynamic status progressively deteriorated. After an initial improvement, he worsened again, becoming stuporous, hypotensive and dyspnoeic. In the following days, the patient developed compartment syndrome resulting in right foot ischaemia. Unfortunately, 25 days after hospitalization, the patient died of multiple organ failure from overwhelming sepsis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of K. kristinae endocarditis on a native valve that is not related to a central venous catheter but associated with diabetic foot infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Citro
- ‘Heart’ Department, University Hospital ‘San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona’, Salerno, Italy
| | - Costantina Prota
- ‘Heart’ Department, University Hospital ‘San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona’, Salerno, Italy
| | - Luigi Greco
- U. O. C. ‘Malattie Infettive’, University Hospital ‘San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona’, Salerno, Italy
| | - Marco Mirra
- ‘Heart’ Department, University Hospital ‘San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona’, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alfonso Masullo
- U. O. C. ‘Malattie Infettive’, University Hospital ‘San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona’, Salerno, Italy
| | - Angelo Silverio
- ‘Heart’ Department, University Hospital ‘San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona’, Salerno, Italy
| | - Eduardo Bossone
- ‘Heart’ Department, University Hospital ‘San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona’, Salerno, Italy
| | - Federico Piscione
- ‘Heart’ Department, University Hospital ‘San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona’, Salerno, Italy
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Persistent bloodstream infection with Kocuria rhizophila related to a damaged central catheter. J Clin Microbiol 2012; 50:1495-8. [PMID: 22259211 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.06038-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A case of persistent bloodstream infection with Kocuria rhizophila related to a damaged central venous catheter in a 3-year-old girl with Hirschsprung's disease is reported. The strain was identified as K. rhizophila by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Arbitrarily primed PCR analysis showed a clonal strain. The repeated septic episodes were resolved with the catheter repair.
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Dunn R, Bares S, David MZ. Central venous catheter-related bacteremia caused by Kocuria kristinae: case report and review of the literature. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2011; 10:31. [PMID: 21864336 PMCID: PMC3184040 DOI: 10.1186/1476-0711-10-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Kocuria species are unusual human pathogens isolated most commonly from immunocompromised hosts, such as transplant recipients and cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, or from patients with chronic medical conditions. A case of catheter-related bacteremia with pulmonary septic emboli in a pregnant adult female without chronic medical conditions is described. A review of other reported Kocuria infections is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Dunn
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sara Bares
- Section of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael Z David
- Section of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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