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Krebs R, Linnenbrink M, Guenther A. Validating standardised personality tests under semi‐natural conditions in wild house mice (
Mus musculus domesticus
). Ethology 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Krebs
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology Plön Germany
| | | | - Anja Guenther
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology Plön Germany
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2
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Madsen T, Shine R. PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY IN BODY SIZES AND SEXUAL SIZE DIMORPHISM IN EUROPEAN GRASS SNAKES. Evolution 2017; 47:321-325. [PMID: 28568095 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1993.tb01222.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/1991] [Accepted: 06/24/1992] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Madsen
- Department of Animal Ecology, University of Lund, 22362, Lund, SWEDEN.,Zoology Department, The University of Sydney, N.S.W., 2006, AUSTRALIA
| | - Richard Shine
- Zoology Department, The University of Sydney, N.S.W., 2006, AUSTRALIA
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Genetics of Skeletal Evolution in Unusually Large Mice from Gough Island. Genetics 2016; 204:1559-1572. [PMID: 27694627 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.116.193805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Organisms on islands often undergo rapid morphological evolution, providing a platform for understanding mechanisms of phenotypic change. Many examples of evolution on islands involve the vertebrate skeleton. Although the genetic basis of skeletal variation has been studied in laboratory strains, especially in the house mouse Mus musculus domesticus, the genetic determinants of skeletal evolution in natural populations remain poorly understood. We used house mice living on the remote Gough Island-the largest wild house mice on record-to understand the genetics of rapid skeletal evolution in nature. Compared to a mainland reference strain from the same subspecies (WSB/EiJ), the skeleton of Gough Island mice is considerably larger, with notable expansions of the pelvis and limbs. The Gough Island mouse skeleton also displays changes in shape, including elongations of the skull and the proximal vs. distal elements in the limbs. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping in a large F2 intercross between Gough Island mice and WSB/EiJ reveals hundreds of QTL that control skeletal dimensions measured at 5, 10, and/or 16 weeks of age. QTL exhibit modest, mostly additive effects, and Gough Island alleles are associated with larger skeletal size at most QTL. The QTL with the largest effects are found on a few chromosomes and affect suites of skeletal traits. Many of these loci also colocalize with QTL for body weight. The high degree of QTL colocalization is consistent with an important contribution of pleiotropy to skeletal evolution. Our results provide a rare portrait of the genetic basis of skeletal evolution in an island population and position the Gough Island mouse as a model system for understanding mechanisms of rapid evolution in nature.
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Gray MM, Parmenter MD, Hogan CA, Ford I, Cuthbert RJ, Ryan PG, Broman KW, Payseur BA. Genetics of Rapid and Extreme Size Evolution in Island Mice. Genetics 2015; 201:213-28. [PMID: 26199233 PMCID: PMC4566264 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.115.177790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organisms on islands provide a revealing window into the process of adaptation. Populations that colonize islands often evolve substantial differences in body size from their mainland relatives. Although the ecological drivers of this phenomenon have received considerable attention, its genetic basis remains poorly understood. We use house mice (subspecies: Mus musculus domesticus) from remote Gough Island to provide a genetic portrait of rapid and extreme size evolution. In just a few hundred generations, Gough Island mice evolved the largest body size among wild house mice from around the world. Through comparisons with a smaller-bodied wild-derived strain from the same subspecies (WSB/EiJ), we demonstrate that Gough Island mice achieve their exceptional body weight primarily by growing faster during the 6 weeks after birth. We use genetic mapping in large F(2) intercrosses between Gough Island mice and WSB/EiJ to identify 19 quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for the evolution of 16-week weight trajectories: 8 QTL for body weight and 11 QTL for growth rate. QTL exhibit modest effects that are mostly additive. We conclude that body size evolution on islands can be genetically complex, even when substantial size changes occur rapidly. In comparisons to published studies of laboratory strains of mice that were artificially selected for divergent body sizes, we discover that the overall genetic profile of size evolution in nature and in the laboratory is similar, but many contributing loci are distinct. Our results underscore the power of genetically characterizing the entire growth trajectory in wild populations and lay the foundation necessary for identifying the mutations responsible for extreme body size evolution in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Gray
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | | | - Caley A Hogan
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Irene Ford
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Richard J Cuthbert
- Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, United Kingdom
| | - Peter G Ryan
- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Karl W Broman
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Bret A Payseur
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
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Lister AM, Hall C. Variation in Body and Tooth Size with Island Area in Small Mammals: A Study of Scottish and Faroese House Mice (Mus musculus). ANN ZOOL FENN 2014. [DOI: 10.5735/086.051.0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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6
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7
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Roberts M, Rodrigo A, McArdle B, Charleston WAG. The effect of habitat on the helminth parasites of an island population of the Polynesian rat
(Rattus exulans). J Zool (1987) 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1992.tb04348.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Roberts
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - A. Rodrigo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - B. McArdle
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - W. A. G. Charleston
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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8
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Berry RJ. Where biology meets; or how science advances: Presidential Address to the Linnean Society delivered at the Anniversary Meeting, 24th May 1985. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1987.tb00300.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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BERRY RJ, TRIGGS GS, BAUCHAU V, JONES CS, SCRIVEN P. Gene flow and hybridization following introduction of Mus domesticus into an established population. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1990.tb00836.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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12
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Yu HT, Peng YH. Population differentiation and gene flow revealed by microsatellite DNA markers in the house mouse (Mus musculus castaneus) in Taiwan. Zoolog Sci 2002; 19:475-83. [PMID: 12130825 DOI: 10.2108/zsj.19.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed population subdivision and gene flow of the Southeast Asian house mouse (Mus musculus castaneus) in Taiwan by using six microsatellite DNA markers. Seven populations of the house mouse (187 individuals), including one from Fukien Province in southeastern China, which is separated from Taiwan by the Taiwan Strait, were analyzed in this study. The overall polymorphic level at the six loci was high (He = 0.76) although individual populations varied in their levels of heterozygosity (He = 0.35-0.83). For the populations within Taiwan, there was no evidence of isolation by distance and the level of gene flow was not (inversely) correlated to geographic distances. Gene flow was estimated to be higher across the Taiwan Strait than within the island of Taiwan. These observations of gene flow cannot be understood unless in the context of the historical human settlements and agricultural expansion, and the commensal habits of the species. We also discussed the causes of population subdivision and genetic variation among populations in terms of ecological characteristics of the house mouse in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hon-Tsen Yu
- Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC 10617.
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Abstract
1. More is known about the western European house mouse, Mus (musculus) domesticus than any other non-human mammal. If laboratory and field information is combined, an extremely valuable understanding of the species' bioeconomy could be obtained. 2. The seven stages of mouse life-history are surveyed (up to birth, nest life, sex life, social structure, population statics and stability, senescence, and death), and the interactions between the changing phenotype and the environment are described. 3. These interactions can be used to build up a model of the opportunities and compromises which result in the fitness of individual mice. It is not yet possible to quantify such a model, but this should in principle be achievable.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Berry
- Department of Biology, University College, London, UK
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Berry RJ, Triggs GS, King P, Nash HR, Noble LR. Hybridization and gene flow in house mice introduced into an existing population on an island. J Zool (1987) 1991. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1991.tb04329.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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16
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Abstract
The house mouse, Mus domesticus, can thrive in natural environments much below its optimum temperature. Thermogenesis is then above that at more usual temperatures. In addition, body weight, and the weights of brown adipose tissue and the kidneys, may be higher than usual. In free populations of house mice cold lowers fertility and may prevent breeding. Other possible limiting factors on breeding are food supply, shelter for nesting and social interactions. In captivity, wild-type house mice exposed to severe cold (around 0 degrees C) at first adapt ontogenetically by shivering and reduced activity. But raised thermogenesis is soon achieved without shivering; nest-building improves; and readiness to explore may be enhanced. Endocrine changes probably include, at least initially, a rise in adrenal cortical activity and in catecholamine secretion. Some females become barren, but many remain fertile. The maturity of fertile females is, however, delayed and intervals between births are lengthened; nestling mortality rises. A limiting factor during lactation may be the capacity of the gut. Similar adaptive changes are observed during winter in some species of small mammals that do not hibernate. But neither the house mouse nor other species present a single, universal pattern of cold-adaptation. Wild-type mice bred for about 10 generations in a warm laboratory environment (20-23 degrees C) change little over generations. In cold they become progressively heavier and fatter at all ages; they mature earlier, and nestling mortality declines. The milk of such 'Eskimo' females is more concentrated than that of controls. If 'Eskimo' mice are returned to a warm environment, they are more fertile, and rear heavier young, than controls that remained in the warm. Despite the heavier young, litter size is not reduced: it may be increased, probably as a result of a higher ovulation rate. Parental effects have been analyzed by cross-fostering and hybridizing. Survival, growth and fertility are all favourably influenced by the intra-uterine and nest environments provided by 'Eskimo' females. 'Eskimo' males are also better fathers. Hence after ten generations the phenotype of cold-adapted house mice shows the combined effects of (a) an ontogenetic response to cold, (b) a superior parental environment and (c) a change genotype. The secular changes in the cold that lead to this phenotype give the appearance of evolution in miniature; but it is equally possible that they represent a genetical versatility that allows rapid, reversible shifts in response to environmental demands.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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