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Ge M, Korrensalo A, Laiho R, Lohila A, Makiranta P, Pihlatie M, Tuittila ES, Kohl L, Putkinen A, Koskinen M. Plant phenology and species-specific traits control plant CH 4 emissions in a northern boreal fen. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:1019-1032. [PMID: 36751911 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aerenchymatic transport is an important mechanism through which plants affect methane (CH4 ) emissions from peatlands. Controlling environmental factors and the effects of plant phenology remain, however, uncertain. We identified factors controlling seasonal CH4 flux rate and investigated transport efficiency (flux rate per unit of rhizospheric porewater CH4 concentration). We measured CH4 fluxes through individual shoots of Carex rostrata, Menyanthes trifoliata, Betula nana and Salix lapponum throughout growing seasons in 2020 and 2021 and Equisetum fluviatile and Comarum palustre in high summer 2021 along with water-table level, peat temperature and porewater CH4 concentration. CH4 flux rate of C. rostrata was related to plant phenology and peat temperature. Flux rates of M. trifoliata and shrubs B. nana and S. lapponum were insensitive to the investigated environmental variables. In high summer, flux rate and efficiency were highest for C. rostrata (6.86 mg m-2 h-1 and 0.36 mg m-2 h-1 (μmol l-1 )-1 , respectively). Menyanthes trifoliata showed a high flux rate, but limited efficiency. Low flux rates and efficiency were detected for the remaining species. Knowledge of the species-specific CH4 flux rate and their different responses to plant phenology and environmental factors can significantly improve the estimation of ecosystem-scale CH4 dynamics in boreal peatlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Ge
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Aino Korrensalo
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 111, Joensuu, 80101, Finland
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, PO Box 2, Helsinki, 00791, Finland
| | - Raija Laiho
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, PO Box 2, Helsinki, 00791, Finland
| | - Annalea Lohila
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, PO Box 503, Helsinki, 00560, Finland
| | - Päivi Makiranta
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, PO Box 2, Helsinki, 00791, Finland
| | - Mari Pihlatie
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 4, Helsinki, 00560, Finland
| | - Eeva-Stiina Tuittila
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 111, Joensuu, 80101, Finland
| | - Lukas Kohl
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 4, Helsinki, 00560, Finland
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Anuliina Putkinen
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 4, Helsinki, 00560, Finland
| | - Markku Koskinen
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 4, Helsinki, 00560, Finland
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The Rhizosphere Responds: Rich Fen Peat and Root Microbial Ecology after Long-Term Water Table Manipulation. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0024121. [PMID: 33811029 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00241-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrologic shifts due to climate change will affect the cycling of carbon (C) stored in boreal peatlands. Carbon cycling in these systems is carried out by microorganisms and plants in close association. This study investigated the effects of experimentally manipulated water tables (lowered and raised) and plant functional groups on the peat and root microbiomes in a boreal rich fen. All samples were sequenced and processed for bacterial, archaeal (16S DNA genes; V4), and fungal (internal transcribed spacer 2 [ITS2]) DNA. Depth had a strong effect on microbial and fungal communities across all water table treatments. Bacterial and archaeal communities were most sensitive to the water table treatments, particularly at the 10- to 20-cm depth; this area coincides with the rhizosphere or rooting zone. Iron cyclers, particularly members of the family Geobacteraceae, were enriched around the roots of sedges, horsetails, and grasses. The fungal community was affected largely by plant functional group, especially cinquefoils. Fungal endophytes (particularly Acephala spp.) were enriched in sedge and grass roots, which may have underappreciated implications for organic matter breakdown and cycling. Fungal lignocellulose degraders were enriched in the lowered water table treatment. Our results were indicative of two main methanogen communities, a rooting zone community dominated by the archaeal family Methanobacteriaceae and a deep peat community dominated by the family Methanomicrobiaceae. IMPORTANCE This study demonstrated that roots and the rooting zone in boreal fens support organisms likely capable of methanogenesis, iron cycling, and fungal endophytic association and are directly or indirectly affecting carbon cycling in these ecosystems. These taxa, which react to changes in the water table and associate with roots and, particularly, graminoids, may gain greater biogeochemical influence, as projected higher precipitation rates could lead to an increased abundance of sedges and grasses in boreal fens.
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