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Patel R, Park AY, Marchi E, Gropman AL, Whitehead MT, Lyon GJ. Ophthalmic manifestations of NAA10-related and NAA15-related neurodevelopmental syndromes: Analysis of cortical visual impairment and refractive errors. Am J Med Genet A 2024:e63821. [PMID: 39012200 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
NAA10-related (Ogden syndrome) and NAA15-related neurodevelopmental syndrome are known to present with varying degrees of intellectual disability, hypotonia, congenital cardiac abnormalities, seizures, and delayed speech and motor development. However, the ophthalmic manifestations of NAA10 and NAA15 variants are not yet fully characterized or understood. This study analyzed the prevalence of six ophthalmic conditions (cortical visual impairment, myopia, hyperopia, strabismus, nystagmus, and astigmatism) in 67 patients with pathogenic (P) or likely pathogenic (LP) variants in the NAA10 cohort (54 inherited, 10 de novo; 65 missense, 2 frameshift) and 19 patients with (L)P variants in the NAA15 cohort (18 de novo; 8 frameshift, 4 missense, 4 nonsense, and 1 splice site). Patients were interviewed virtually or in-person to collect a comprehensive medical history verified by medical records. These records were then analyzed to calculate the prevalence of these ophthalmic manifestations in each cohort. Analysis revealed a higher prevalence of ophthalmic conditions in our NAA10 cohort compared to existing literature (myopia 25.4% vs. 4.7%; astigmatism 37.3% vs. 13.2%; strabismus 28.4% vs. 3.8%; CVI 22.4% vs. 8.5%, respectively). No statistically significant differences were identified in the prevalence of these conditions between the NAA10 and NAA15 variants. Our study includes novel neuroimaging of 13 NAA10 and 5 NAA15 probands, which provides no clear correlation between globe size and severity of comorbid ophthalmic disease. Finally, anecdotal evidence was compiled to underscore the importance of early ophthalmologic evaluations and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahi Patel
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Agnes Y Park
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Andrea L Gropman
- Department of Neurology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- Division of Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew T Whitehead
- Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Neurogenetics and Developmental Pediatrics, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Gholson J Lyon
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
- George A. Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
- Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
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Patel R, Park AY, Marchi E, Gropman AL, Whitehead MT, Lyon GJ. Ophthalmic Manifestations of NAA10-Related and NAA15-Related Neurodevelopmental Syndrome: Analysis of Cortical Visual Impairment and Refractive Errors. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.02.01.24302161. [PMID: 38352572 PMCID: PMC10862986 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.01.24302161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
NAA10-related and NAA15-related neurodevelopmental syndrome, otherwise known as Ogden Syndrome, is known to present with varying degrees of intellectual disability, hypotonia, congenital cardiac abnormalities, seizures, and delayed speech and motor development. However, the ophthalmic manifestations of NAA10 and NAA15 mutations are not yet fully characterized or understood. This study analyzed the prevalence of six ophthalmic conditions (cortical visual impairment, myopia, hyperopia, strabismus, nystagmus, and astigmatism) in 67 patients with pathogenic mutations in the NAA10 cohort (54 inherited, 10 de novo; 65 missense, 2 frameshift) and 19 patients with pathogenic mutations in the NAA15 cohort (18 de novo; 8 frameshift, 4 missense, 4 nonsense, and 1 splice site). Patients were interviewed virtually or in-person to collect a comprehensive medical history verified by medical records. These records were then analyzed to calculate the prevalence of these ophthalmic manifestations in each cohort. Analysis revealed a higher prevalence of ophthalmic conditions in our NAA10 cohort compared to existing literature (myopia 25.4% vs. 4.7%; astigmatism 37.3% vs. 13.2%; strabismus 28.4% vs. 3.8%; CVI 22.4% vs. 8.5%, respectively). No statistically significant differences were identified between the NAA10 and NAA15 mutations. Our study includes novel neuroimaging of 13 NAA10 and 5 NAA15 probands, which provides no clear correlation between globe size and severity of comorbid ophthalmic disease. Finally, anecdotal evidence was compiled to underscore the importance of early ophthalmologic evaluations and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahi Patel
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
| | - Agnes Y. Park
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrea L. Gropman
- Division of Neurogenetics and Developmental Pediatrics, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Neurology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, US
| | - Matthew T. Whitehead
- Division of Neuroradiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gholson J. Lyon
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
- George A. Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
- Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, United States of America
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Advances in the evaluation and management of cortical/cerebral visual impairment in children. Surv Ophthalmol 2020; 65:708-724. [DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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García-Ormaechea I, González I, Duplá M, Andres E, Pueyo V. Validation of the Preverbal Visual Assessment (PreViAs) questionnaire. Early Hum Dev 2014; 90:635-8. [PMID: 25173177 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visual cognitive integrative functions need to be evaluated by a behavioral assessment, which requires an experienced evaluator. The Preverbal Visual Assessment (PreViAs) questionnaire was designed to evaluate these functions, both in general pediatric population or in children with high risk of visual cognitive problems, through primary caregivers' answers. AIM We aimed to validate the PreViAs questionnaire by comparing caregiver reports with results from a comprehensive clinical protocol. STUDY DESIGN A total of 220 infants (<2 years old) were divided into two groups according to visual development, as determined by the clinical protocol. Their primary caregivers completed the PreViAs questionnaire, which consists of 30 questions related to one or more visual domains: visual attention, visual communication, visual-motor coordination, and visual processing. Questionnaire answers were compared with results of behavioral assessments performed by three pediatric ophthalmologists. RESULTS Results of the clinical protocol classified 128 infants as having normal visual maturation, and 92 as having abnormal visual maturation. The specificity of PreViAs questionnaire was >80%, and sensitivity was 64%-79%. More than 80% of the infants were correctly classified, and test-retest reliability exceeded 0.9 for all domains. CONCLUSIONS The PreViAs questionnaire is useful to detect abnormal visual maturation in infants from birth to 24months of age. It improves the anamnesis process in infants at risk of visual dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés García-Ormaechea
- Ophthalmology Department, Asociación Telefónica Asistencia Minusválidos (ATAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada González
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain; Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Duplá
- Pediatric Department, Centro de Salud San Pablo, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Eva Andres
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Pueyo
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Falkenberg HK, Simpson WA, Dutton GN. Development of sampling efficiency and internal noise in motion detection and discrimination in school-aged children. Vision Res 2014; 100:8-17. [PMID: 24732568 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to use an equivalent noise paradigm to investigate the development and maturation of motion perception, and how the underlying limitations of sampling efficiency and internal noise effect motion detection and direction discrimination in school-aged children (5-14 years) and adults. Contrast energy thresholds of a 2c/deg sinusoidal grating drifting at 1.0 or 6.0 Hz were measured as a function of added dynamic noise in three tasks: detection of a drifting grating; detection of the sum of two oppositely drifting gratings and direction discrimination of oppositely drifting gratings. Compared to the ideal observer, in both children and adults, the performance for all tasks was limited by reduced sampling efficiency and internal noise. However, the thresholds for discrimination of motion direction and detection of moving gratings show very different developmental profiles. Motion direction discrimination continues to improve after the age of 14 years due to an increase in sampling efficiency that differs with speed. Motion detection and summation were already mature at the age of 5 years, and internal noise was the same for all tasks. These findings were confirmed in a 1-year follow-up study on a group of children from the initial study. The results support suggestions that the detection of a moving pattern and discriminating motion direction are processed by different systems that may develop at different rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helle K Falkenberg
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, Buskerud and Vestfold University College, Frogsvei 41, 3611 Kongsberg, Norway.
| | - William A Simpson
- School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK.
| | - Gordon N Dutton
- Department of Vision Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, 70 Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow G4 OAB, UK.
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Development of the Preverbal Visual Assessment (PreViAs) questionnaire. Early Hum Dev 2014; 90:165-8. [PMID: 24508330 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visual cognitive functions of preverbal infants are evaluated by means of a behavioral assessment. Parents or primary caregivers may be appropriate to certify the acquisition of certain abilities. AIMS To develop the PreViAs (Preverbal Visual Assessment) questionnaire to assess visual behavior of infants under 24 months of age and to assess the normative outcomes for each item at each age. STUDY DESIGN The process was divided into three phases: scale development (items and domains generation), pilot testing, and exploratory analysis. RESULTS The final version of the PreViAs questionnaire consisted of 30 items, each related to one or more of four domains (visual attention, visual communication, visual-motor coordination, and visual processing). For the exploratory analysis, 298 children (159 boys and 139 girls) were recruited. Their ages ranged from 0.1 to 24 months (mean, 11.2 months). Internal consistency of the questionnaire was high for all domains (Cronbach's α coefficients of 0.85-0.94). CONCLUSIONS The PreViAs questionnaire is a useful scale for assessing visual cognitive abilities of infants under 24 months of age. It is easy and feasible to complete by primary caregivers.
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Bianchini F, Incoccia C, Palermo L, Piccardi L, Zompanti L, Sabatini U, Peran P, Guariglia C. Developmental topographical disorientation in a healthy subject. Neuropsychologia 2010; 48:1563-73. [PMID: 20144632 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2009] [Revised: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We present the case of F.G., a healthy, normally developed 22-year-old male subject affected by a pervasive disorder in environmental orientation and navigation who presents no history of neurological or psychiatric disease. A neuro-radiological examination showed no evidence of anatomical or structural alterations to the brain. We submitted the subject for a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment of the different cognitive processes involved in topographical orientation to evaluate his ability to navigate the spatial environment. The results confirmed a severe developmental topographical disorder and deficits in a number of specific cognitive processes directly or indirectly involved in navigation. The results are discussed with reference to the sole previously described case of developmental topographical disorientation (Pt1; Iaria et al., 2009). F.G. differs from the former case due to the following: the greater severity of his disorder, his complete lack of navigational skills, the failure to develop compensatory strategies, and the presence of a specific deficit in processing the spatial relationships between the parts of a whole. The present case not only confirms the existence of developmental topographical-skill disorders, but also sheds light on the architecture of topographical processes and their development in human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bianchini
- Dipartimento Psicologia 39, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
Cortical visual impairment is the leading cause of bilateral low vision in children in the U.S., yet very little research is being performed to find new diagnostic measures and treatments. Dr. Velma Dobson pioneering work on visual assessments of developmentally delayed children stands out as highly significant in this field. Future research will assess new diagnostic measures, including advanced imaging techniques. In addition, research will evaluate methods to prevent, treat, and rehabilitate infants and children afflicted with this condition.
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Bova SM, Fazzi E, Giovenzana A, Montomoli C, Signorini SG, Zoppello M, Lanzi G. The development of visual object recognition in school-age children. Dev Neuropsychol 2007; 31:79-102. [PMID: 17305439 DOI: 10.1207/s15326942dn3101_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
This study documents the age-dependent development of visual object recognition abilities in 115 children aged 6 to 11 years, using a battery of neuropsychological tests based on Marrs model (Efron test, Warringtons Figure-Ground Test, Street Completion Test, Poppelreuter-Ghent Test, a selection of stimuli from the Birmingham Object Recognition Battery, a series of color photographs of objects presented from unusual perspectives or illuminated in unusual ways). The results suggest a maturation of complex visual perceptual abilities, possibly related to the development of the cerebral processes involved in object recognition, and could be the starting point for future investigations of these skills in impaired populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania M Bova
- Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS C Mondino Institute of Neurology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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Brunsdon R, Nickels L, Coltheart M, Joy P. Assessment and treatment of childhood topographical disorientation: A case study. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2007; 17:53-94. [PMID: 17178605 DOI: 10.1080/09602010600562575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Topographical disorientation refers to individuals who are unable to find their way around large-scale environments in a normal manner. Childhood topographical disorientation is rarely investigated or reported. Treatment of topographical disorientation is also rare with only one reported treatment study in an adult (Davis & Coltheart, 1999) and no known description of treatment in a child. This paper reports a detailed case analysis of CA, a 6-year-old child with topographical disorientation, and a description of a treatment programme focused on training orientation in the school environment. Assessment of CA revealed mild to moderate visual agnosia in conjunction with severe impairments in general spatial learning and memory, topographical new learning and memory, and a total inability to learn new topographical routes. CA was also unable to use a mental image of his environment, a simple visual plan of his environment or a simple visual map, but was able to follow verbally mediated topographical instructions. The treatment programme focused on improving CA's topographical orientation in the school environment. The programme first involved training in recognition of major school buildings and landmarks and then focused on practical training in route finding along commonly used routes in the school environment. Clear benefits from treatment were evident. The assessment and treatment methods employed provide practical and useful ideas for management of this condition in other children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Brunsdon
- Rehabilitation Department, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia.
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Mazeau M, Meurant A, Le Lostec C, Jouy MO. Les troubles de la reconnaissance des images chez l’enfant IMC. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0245-5919(04)97416-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Much of the brain is devoted to vision. Damage causes visual problems ranging from profound impairment, to cognitive visual problems only. A child with cerebral blindness may have intact perception of movement. The principal cognitive visual pathways comprise the dorsal and the ventral streams. The dorsal stream runs between the occipital lobes (which process incoming visual data), the posterior parietal lobes (which process the whole visual scene and give attention to component parts), the motor cortex (which facilitates movement through the visual scene) and the frontal cortex (which directs attention to chosen parts of the visual scene). The ventral stream runs between the occipital lobes and the temporal lobes (which enable recognition of people and objects, facilitate route finding and serve visual memory). Damage to these pathways disrupts these functions in a variety of combinations. This paper reviews cerebral visual impairment in children, the differential diagnosis and the management.
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Affiliation(s)
- G N Dutton
- Royal Hospital for Sick Children, York hill, Glasgow, UK
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Grönqvist S, Flodmark O, Tornqvist K, Edlund G, Hellström A. Association between visual impairment and functional and morphological cerebral abnormalities in full-term children. ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 2001; 79:140-6. [PMID: 11284751 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0420.2001.079002140.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterise the nature and degree of ocular disorders and cerebral morphological and functional abnormalities in a population-based group of visually impaired full-term pre-school children. METHODS Forty-five children who were born at full-term between 1989 and 1995 in Värmland, Sweden, were reported as being visually impaired. An ophthalmological examination was performed and clinical data regarding mental development and neurological disease were obtained for all children. Cerebral imaging was performed in 35 children. RESULTS Twenty-six per cent of the children were found to have ocular disorders only. Forty-two per cent had cerebral morphological abnormalities, verified by cerebral imaging, and 65% had signs of cerebral functional abnormalities. In total, 74% were found to have cerebral morphological and/or cerebral functional abnormalities. CONCLUSION The majority of children with visual impairment, including children with ocular disorders, were found to have cerebral morphological and/or cerebral functional abnormalities. We suggest that any child with visual impairment should therefore undergo cerebral imaging and be examined by a paediatrician in order to establish the correct diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Grönqvist
- Department of Ophthalmology, Central Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden.
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