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Vosahlikova M, Roubalova L, Cechova K, Kaufman J, Musil S, Miksik I, Alda M, Svoboda P. Na +/K +-ATPase and lipid peroxidation in forebrain cortex and hippocampus of sleep-deprived rats treated with therapeutic lithium concentration for different periods of time. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 102:109953. [PMID: 32360816 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) is a typical mood stabilizer and the first choice for treatment of bipolar disorder (BD). Despite an extensive clinical use of Li, its mechanisms of action remain widely different and debated. In this work, we studied the time-course of the therapeutic Li effects on ouabain-sensitive Na+/K+-ATPase in forebrain cortex and hippocampus of rats exposed to 3-day sleep deprivation (SD). We also monitored lipid peroxidation as malondialdehyde (MDA) production. In samples of plasma collected from all experimental groups of animals, Li concentrations were followed by ICP-MS. The acute (1 day), short-term (7 days) and chronic (28 days) treatment of rats with Li resulted in large decrease of Na+/K+-ATPase activity in both brain parts. At the same time, SD of control, Li-untreated rats increased Na+/K+-ATPase along with increased production of MDA. The SD-induced increase of Na+/K+-ATPase and MDA was attenuated in Li-treated rats. While SD results in a positive change of Na+/K+-ATPase, the inhibitory effect of Li treatment may be interpreted as a pharmacological mechanism causing a normalization of the stress-induced shift and return the Na+/K+-ATPase back to control level. We conclude that SD alone up-regulates Na+/K+-ATPase together with increased peroxidative damage of lipids. Chronic treatment of rats with Li before SD, protects the brain tissue against this type of damage and decreases Na+/K+-ATPase level back to control level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Vosahlikova
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Roubalova
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Kristina Cechova
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jonas Kaufman
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Musil
- Department of Trace Element Analysis, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Miksik
- Laboratory of Translation Metabolism, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Alda
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Svoboda
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Ballaz SJ, Rebec GV. Neurobiology of vitamin C: Expanding the focus from antioxidant to endogenous neuromodulator. Pharmacol Res 2019; 146:104321. [PMID: 31229562 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AA) is a water-soluble vitamin (C) found in all bodily organs. Most mammals synthesize it, humans are required to eat it, but all mammals need it for healthy functioning. AA reaches its highest concentration in the brain where both neurons and glia rely on tightly regulated uptake from blood via the glucose transport system and sodium-coupled active transport to accumulate and maintain AA at millimolar levels. As a prototype antioxidant, AA is not only neuroprotective, but also functions as a cofactor in redox-coupled reactions essential for the synthesis of neurotransmitters (e.g., dopamine and norepinephrine) and paracrine lipid mediators (e.g., epoxiecoisatrienoic acids) as well as the epigenetic regulation of DNA. Although redox capacity led to the promotion of AA in high doses as potential treatment for various neuropathological and psychiatric conditions, ample evidence has not supported this therapeutic strategy. Here, we focus on some long-neglected aspects of AA neurobiology, including its modulatory role in synaptic transmission as demonstrated by the long-established link between release of endogenous AA in brain extracellular fluid and the clearance of glutamate, an excitatory amino acid. Evidence that this link can be disrupted in animal models of Huntington´s disease is revealing opportunities for new research pathways and therapeutic applications (e.g., epilepsy and pain management). In fact, we suggest that improved understanding of the regulation of endogenous AA and its interaction with key brain neurotransmitter systems, rather than administration of AA in excess, should be the target of future brain-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago J Ballaz
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuqui, Ecuador.
| | - George V Rebec
- Program in Neuroscience, Department Psychological & Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA.
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Ramassamy C, Girbe F, Christen Y, Costentin J. Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 or trolox C prevent the ascorbic acid/Fe2+ induced decrease in synaptosomal membrane fluidity. FREE RADICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 1993; 19:341-50. [PMID: 8314115 DOI: 10.3109/10715769309056523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The ability of synaptosomes, prepared from striata, to take up 3H-dopamine declined rapidly during incubation at 37 degrees C, in an oxygenated Krebs-Ringer medium with 0.1 mM ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid was responsible for this decrease. Its effectiveness after a 60 min incubation was concentration dependent from 1 microM and virtually complete for 0.1 mM. Furthermore, a decrease of synaptosomal membrane fluidity was revealed by measurements of fluorescence polarization using 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene. This decrease was potentiated by Fe2+ ions (1 microM). In contrast, it was prevented by the Fe2+ ion chelator, desferrioxamine (0.1 mM), by the Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 [2-16 micrograms/ml], as well as by the flavonoid quercetin (0.1 microM). This preventive effect was shared by trolox C (from 0.1 mM). It is concluded that peroxidation of neuronal membrane lipids induced by ascorbic acid/Fe2+ is associated with a decrease in membrane fluidity which, in turn, reduces the ability of the dopamine transporter to take up dopamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ramassamy
- Unité de Neuropsychopharmacologie Expérimentale, U.R.A. 1170 du C.N.R.S., Faculté de Médecine & Pharmacie de Rouen, Saint-Etienne du Rouvray, France
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Abstract
Ascorbic acid is highly concentrated in the central nervous system. Measurement of the extracellular concentration of ascorbate in animals, mainly by the technique of voltammetry in vivo, has demonstrated fluctuation in release from neuropil, both spontaneously and in response to physical stimulation of the animal and to certain drugs. Although in the adrenal medulla ascorbate is co-released with catecholamines, release of ascorbate from brain cells is associated principally with the activity of glutamatergic neurones, mainly by glutamate-ascorbate heteroexchange across cell membranes of neurones or glia. This phenomenon is discussed in relation to a possible role of ascorbate as a neuromodulator or neuroprotective agent in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Grünewald
- Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology, London, UK
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Ramassamy C, Naudin B, Christen Y, Clostre F, Costentin J. Prevention by Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) and trolox C of the decrease in synaptosomal dopamine or serotonin uptake following incubation. Biochem Pharmacol 1992; 44:2395-401. [PMID: 1472105 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(92)90685-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged incubation of synaptosomes in Krebs-Ringer oxygenated medium in the presence of ascorbic acid (10(-4) M) led, after 20 min, to a decrease in [3H]dopamine (DA) (synaptosomes prepared from the striatum) and [3H]serotonin (5HT) (synaptosomes prepared from the cortex) uptake. The decrease was progressive and uptake was virtually abolished after a 60 min incubation period. A concentration-dependent (from 5 x 10(-6) M) role of ascorbic acid in the decrease of [3H]DA or [3H]5HT uptake was demonstrated. This decrease was potentiated by Fe2+ ions and prevented by the ferrous chelating agent desferrioxamine. Thus, the progressive decrease in synaptosomal uptake of either [3H]DA or [3H]5HT could depend on the generation of free radicals by the association of ascorbic acid with Fe2+ ions. The decrease in synaptosomal uptake was prevented, in a concentration-dependent manner, by the Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 (4-16 micrograms/mL) and the vitamin E analog trolox C (10(-4) M). The terpenic fraction of EGb 761, Bn 52063 (up to 0.5 microgram/mL), did not prevent the reduction of [3H]amine uptake. In contrast, the flavonoidic fraction, Cp 202, was effective (from 1 microgram/mL) and its efficacy was shared by the flavonoid quercetin (from 0.1 microgram/mL). The prolongation of the ability of synaptosomes to take up [3H]amine elicited by EGb 761, in particular its flavonoidic fraction, as well as by trolox C could be due to their free radical scavenger properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ramassamy
- Unité de Neuropsychopharmacologie Expérimentale, U.R.A. 1170 du C.N.R.S., Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie de Rouen, Saint-Etienne du Rouvray, France
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Adám-Vizi V, Seregi A. Receptor independent stimulatory effect of noradrenaline on Na,K-ATPase in rat brain homogenate. Role of lipid peroxidation. Biochem Pharmacol 1982; 31:2231-6. [PMID: 6127081 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(82)90106-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The effect of different adrenoceptor agonists on Na,K-ATPase activity and lipid peroxidation of rat brain homogenate was studied. Drugs which enhanced Na,K-ATPase activity--noradrenaline, adrenaline and oxymethazoline--were found to inhibit endogenous membrane lipid peroxidation. Other drugs--phenylephrine, xylazine and clonidine--which did not cause any change in the enzyme activity did not influence lipid peroxidation either. No increase of Na,K-ATPase activity by noradrenaline could be detected after preincubation of the homogenate for 5 min at 37 degrees. During this time endogenous lipid peroxidation of considerable extent could be observed. It is concluded that there is no correlation between the adrenoceptor agonist feature of noradrenaline and its stimulatory effect on Na,K-ATPase activity of rat brain homogenate. However, it seems likely that in rat brain homogenate the increase of Na,K-ATPase activity and inhibition of endogenous lipid peroxidation by noradrenaline are related.
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Abstract
The effect of ascorbic acid and noradrenaline on the inhibition of synaptosomal membrane ATPase by vanadate has been studied. Ascorbic acid (2 x 10(-3) M) and noradrenaline (10(-4) M) partly reversed the inhibition by vanadate (10(-6) M); however, when both were administered together the inhibition was completely eliminated. Using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, we detected that ascorbic acid (10(-3) M) caused a 42% of reduction of vanadate (10(-4) M). Noradrenaline (10(-4) M) alone also reduced vanadate (10(-4) M) partially. When ascorbic acid and noradrenaline were present together all the vanadate was reduced to vanadyl. The concentration of ascorbic acid present in the brain under physiological conditions is identical to that found effective in our experiments. We suggest that ascorbic acid may protect the ATPase, at least in part, from inhibition by vanadate as a consequence of reducing vanadate to vanadyl. In those tissues where noradrenaline is also present a complete reduction of endogenous vanadium can be presumed.
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Svoboda P, Mosinger B. Catecholamines and the brain microsomal Na, K-adenosinetriphosphatase--I. Protection against lipoperoxidative damage. Biochem Pharmacol 1981; 30:427-32. [PMID: 6261765 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(81)90626-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Seregi A, Schaefer A, Komlós M. Protective role of brain ascorbic acid content against lipid peroxidation. EXPERIENTIA 1978; 34:1056-7. [PMID: 700025 DOI: 10.1007/bf01915344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The high ascorbic acid concentration in the brain inhibits lipid peroxidation induced by various agents in rat brain microsomes. The physiological importance of the fact is discussed.
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Schaeffer A, Komlós M, Seregi A. Inhibition of the sodium and potassium-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase activity during autooxidation of apomorphine. J Pharm Pharmacol 1977; 29:117-8. [PMID: 15059 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1977.tb11261.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Schaefer A, Komlós M, Seregi A. Lipid peroxidation as the cause of the ascorbic acid induced decrease of adenosine triphosphatase activities of rat brain microsomes and its inhibition by biogenic amines and psychotropic drugs. Biochem Pharmacol 1975; 24:1781-6. [PMID: 135562 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(75)90457-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kissinger PT, Hart JB, Adams RN. Voltammetry in brain tissue--a new neurophysiological measurement. Brain Res 1973; 55:209-13. [PMID: 4145914 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(73)90503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Boxall RP, Phizackerley PJ. Inhibition by ascorbic acid of the sodium-plus-potassium ion-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase in rat brain. Biochem J 1972; 128:139P. [PMID: 4264327 PMCID: PMC1173960 DOI: 10.1042/bj1280139pa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Inagaki C. Inhibition of Mg- and Mg, Na, K-activated adenosine tgriphosphatase activity by L-ascorbic acid and L-cysteine. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 1970; 20:52-60. [PMID: 4247621 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.20.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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