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Gobena S, Admassu B, Kinde MZ, Gessese AT. Proteomics and Its Current Application in Biomedical Area: Concise Review. ScientificWorldJournal 2024; 2024:4454744. [PMID: 38404932 PMCID: PMC10894052 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4454744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomedical researchers tirelessly seek cutting-edge technologies to advance disease diagnosis, drug discovery, and therapeutic interventions, all aimed at enhancing human and animal well-being. Within this realm, proteomics stands out as a pivotal technology, focusing on extensive studies of protein composition, structure, function, and interactions. Proteomics, with its subdivisions of expression, structural, and functional proteomics, plays a crucial role in unraveling the complexities of biological systems. Various sophisticated techniques are employed in proteomics, including polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry analysis, NMR spectroscopy, protein microarray, X-ray crystallography, and Edman sequencing. These methods collectively contribute to the comprehensive understanding of proteins and their roles in health and disease. In the biomedical field, proteomics finds widespread application in cancer research and diagnosis, stem cell studies, and the diagnosis and research of both infectious and noninfectious diseases. In addition, it plays a pivotal role in drug discovery and the emerging frontier of personalized medicine. The versatility of proteomics allows researchers to delve into the intricacies of molecular mechanisms, paving the way for innovative therapeutic approaches. As infectious and noninfectious diseases continue to emerge and the field of biomedical research expands, the significance of proteomics becomes increasingly evident. Keeping abreast of the latest developments in proteomics applications becomes paramount for the development of therapeutics, translational research, and study of diverse diseases. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of proteomics, offering a concise outline of its current applications in the biomedical domain. By doing so, it seeks to contribute to the understanding and advancement of proteomics, emphasizing its pivotal role in shaping the future of biomedical research and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semira Gobena
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Bemrew Admassu
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mebrie Zemene Kinde
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Abebe Tesfaye Gessese
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Proteomics in Multiple Sclerosis: The Perspective of the Clinician. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095162. [PMID: 35563559 PMCID: PMC9100097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the inflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects approximately 2.8 million people worldwide. In the last decade, a new era was heralded in by a new phenotypic classification, a new diagnostic protocol and the first ever therapeutic guideline, making personalized medicine the aim of MS management. However, despite this great evolution, there are still many aspects of the disease that are unknown and need to be further researched. A hallmark of these research are molecular biomarkers that could help in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of the disease. Proteomics, a rapidly evolving discipline of molecular biology may fulfill this dire need for the discovery of molecular biomarkers. In this review, we aimed to give a comprehensive summary on the utility of proteomics in the field of MS research. We reviewed the published results of the method in case of the pathogenesis of the disease and for biomarkers of diagnosis, differential diagnosis, conversion of disease courses, disease activity, progression and immunological therapy. We found proteomics to be a highly effective emerging tool that has been providing important findings in the research of MS.
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Lim SH, Sung YJ, Jo N, Lee NY, Kim KS, Lee DY, Kim NS, Lee J, Byun JY, Shin YB, Lee JR. Nanoplasmonic immunosensor for the detection of SCG2, a candidate serum biomarker for the early diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorder. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22764. [PMID: 34815513 PMCID: PMC8610996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02262-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural circuits of the infant brain are rapidly established near 6 months of age, but neurodevelopmental disorders can be diagnosed only at the age of 2-3 years using existing diagnostic methods. Early diagnosis is very important to alleviate life-long disability in patients through appropriate early intervention, and it is imperative to develop new diagnostic methods for early detection of neurodevelopmental disorders. We examined the serum level of secretogranin II (SCG2) in pediatric patients to evaluate its potential role as a biomarker for neurodevelopmental disorders. A plasmonic immunosensor performing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on a gold nanodot array was developed to detect SCG2 in small volumes of serum. This nanoplasmonic immunosensor combined with tyramide signal amplification was highly sensitive to detect SCG2 in only 5 μL serum samples. The analysis using the nanoplasmonic immunosensor revealed higher serum SCG2 levels in pediatric patients with developmental delay than in the control group. Overexpression or knockdown of SCG2 in hippocampal neurons significantly attenuated dendritic arborization and synaptic formation. These results suggest that dysregulated SCG2 expression impairs neural development. In conclusion, we developed a highly sensitive nanoplasmonic immunosensor to detect serum SCG2, a candidate biomarker for the early diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hee Lim
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Yun-Ju Sung
- BioNanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Narae Jo
- BioNano Health Guard Research Center (H-GUARD), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Na-Yoon Lee
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Bio-Molecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Shim Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Da Yong Lee
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Nam-Soon Kim
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Jeehun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Ju-Young Byun
- BioNanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
| | - Yong-Beom Shin
- BioNanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea. .,BioNano Health Guard Research Center (H-GUARD), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
| | - Jae-Ran Lee
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
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SWATH-MS analysis of cerebrospinal fluid to generate a robust battery of biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7423. [PMID: 32366888 PMCID: PMC7198522 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64461-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ42 and tau protein levels are established diagnostic biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, their inadequacy to represent clinical efficacy in drug trials indicates the need for new biomarkers. Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra (SWATH)-based mass spectrometry (MS) is an advanced proteomic tool for large-scale, high-quality quantification. In this study, SWATH-MS showed that VGF, chromogranin-A, secretogranin-1, and opioid-binding protein/cell adhesion molecule were significantly decreased in 42 AD patients compared to 39 controls, whereas 14-3-3ζ was increased (FDR < 0.05). In addition, 16 other proteins showed substantial changes (FDR < 0.2). The expressions of the top 21 analytes were closely interconnected, but were poorly correlated with CSF Aβ42, tTau, and pTau181 levels. Logistic regression analysis and data mining were used to establish the best algorithm for AD, which created novel biomarker panels with high diagnostic value (AUC = 0.889 and 0.924) and a strong correlation with clinical severity (all p < 0.001). Targeted proteomics was used to validate their usefulness in a different cohort (n = 36) that included patients with other brain disorders (all p < 0.05). This study provides a list of proteins (and combinations thereof) that could serve as new AD biomarkers.
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Xu DJ, Wei LY, Li HF, Zhang WQ. Serum levels of chromogranins and secretogranins correlate with the progress and severity of Parkinson's disease. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2019; 35:146-150. [PMID: 30887724 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the relevance of chromogranins (Cgs) and secretogranins (Sgs) in Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we determined serum levels of CgA, CgB, and SgII in PD patients and assessed their association with disease severity. PD patients were recruited, identified, and classified as having early (n = 14), intermediate (n = 18), or late (n = 4) stage disease according to Hoehn-Yahr scores. The serum concentrations of CgA, CgB, and SgII in patients with well-defined PD (n = 36) and in healthy controls (n = 52) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Compared with controls, serum CgA levels were significantly elevated and serum SgII levels were significantly reduced in PD patients (both P < 0.05). There was no difference in serum CgB levels between the two groups. Both serum CgA and SgII levels changed progressively over time from early to intermediate to late stage (P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis revealed that serum CgA and SgII levels correlated with Hoehn-Yahr and UPDRS scores (P < 0.001). These results indicate that changes in serum levels of CgA and SgII may be closely related to the severity of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Juan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Dongyang People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lian-Yan Wei
- Department of Neurology, Dongyang People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong-Fei Li
- Department of Neurology, Dongyang People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Dongyang People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
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Bonnet J, Garcia C, Leger T, Couquet MP, Vignoles P, Vatunga G, Ndung'u J, Boudot C, Bisser S, Courtioux B. Proteome characterization in various biological fluids of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense-infected subjects. J Proteomics 2018; 196:150-161. [PMID: 30414516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is a neglected tropical disease that is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa. Control of the disease has been recently improved by better screening and treatment strategies, and the disease is on the WHO list of possible elimination. However, some physiopathological aspects of the disease transmission and progression remain unclear. We propose a new proteomic approach to identify new targets and thus possible new biomarkers of the disease. We also focused our attention on fluids classically associated with HAT (serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)) and on the more easily accessible biological fluids urine and saliva. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) established the proteomic profile of patients with early and late stage disease. The serum, CSF, urine and saliva of 3 uninfected controls, 3 early stage patients and 4 late stage patients were analyzed. Among proteins identified, in CSF, urine and saliva, respectively, 37, 8 and 24 proteins were differentially expressed and showed particular interest with regards to their function. The most promising proteins (Neogenin, Neuroserpin, secretogranin 2 in CSF; moesin in urine and intelectin 2 in saliva) were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a confirmatory cohort of 14 uninfected controls, 23 patients with early stage disease and 43 patients with late stage disease. The potential of two proteins, neuroserpin and moesin, with the latter present in urine, were further characterized. Our results showed the potential of proteomic analysis to discover new biomarkers and provide the basis of the establishment of a new proteomic catalogue applied to HAT-infected subjects and controls. SIGNIFICANCE: Sleeping sickness, also called Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT), is a parasitic infection caused by a parasitic protozoan, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense or T. b. rhodesiense which are transmitted via an infected tsetse fly: Glossina. For both, the haemolymphatic stage (or first stage) signs and symptoms are intermittent fever, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, headaches, pruritus, and for T. b. rhodesiense infection a chancre is often formed at the bite site. Meningoencephalitic stage (or second stage) occurs when parasites invade the CNS, it is characterised by neurological signs and symptoms such as altered gait, tremors, neuropathy, somnolence which can lead to coma and death if untreated. first stage of the disease is characterizing by fevers, headaches, itchiness, and joint pains and progressive lethargy corresponding to the second stage with confusion, poor coordination, numbness and trouble sleeping. Actually, diagnosing HAT requires specialized expertise and significant resources such as well-equipped health centers and qualified staff. Such resources are lacking in many endemic areas that are often in rural locales, so many individuals with HAT die before the diagnosis is established. In this study, we analysed by mass spectrometry the entire proteome of serum, CSF, urine and saliva samples from infected and non-infected Angolan individuals to define new biomarkers of the disease. This work of proteomics analysis is a preliminary stage to the characterization of the whole proteome, of these 4 biological fluids, of HAT patients. We have identified 69 new biomarkers. Five of them have been thoroughly investigated by ELISA quantification. Neuroserpine and Moesin are respectively promising new biomarkers in CSF and urine's patient for a better diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Bonnet
- Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, School of Medicine, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, University of Limoges, INSERM UMR 1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Limoges, France.
| | - Camille Garcia
- Jacques Monod Institute, Proteomics Facility, University Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France..
| | - Thibaut Leger
- Jacques Monod Institute, Proteomics Facility, University Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France..
| | - Marie-Pauline Couquet
- Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, School of Medicine, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, University of Limoges, INSERM UMR 1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Limoges, France.
| | - Philippe Vignoles
- Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, School of Medicine, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, University of Limoges, INSERM UMR 1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Limoges, France.
| | - Gedeao Vatunga
- Instituto de Combate e controlo das Tripanossomiases (ICCT), Luanda, Angola.
| | - Joseph Ndung'u
- Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND), Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Clotilde Boudot
- Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, School of Medicine, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, University of Limoges, INSERM UMR 1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Limoges, France.
| | - Sylvie Bisser
- Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, School of Medicine, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, University of Limoges, INSERM UMR 1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Limoges, France; Pasteur Institute in French Guiana, 23 Boulevard Pasteur, 973006, Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana.
| | - Bertrand Courtioux
- Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, School of Medicine, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, University of Limoges, INSERM UMR 1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Limoges, France.
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Begcevic I, Brinc D, Dukic L, Simundic AM, Zavoreo I, Basic Kes V, Martinez-Morillo E, Batruch I, Drabovich AP, Diamandis EP. Targeted Mass Spectrometry-Based Assays for Relative Quantification of 30 Brain-Related Proteins and Their Clinical Applications. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:2282-2292. [PMID: 29708756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a promising clinical sample for identification of novel biomarkers for various neurological disorders. Considering its direct contact with brain tissue, CSF represents a valuable source of brain-related and brain-specific proteins. Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory, demyelinating neurological disease affecting the central nervous system, and so far there are no diagnostic or prognostic disease specific biomarkers available in the clinic. The primary aim of the present study was to develop a targeted mass spectrometry assay for simultaneous quantification of 30 brain-related proteins in CSF and subsequently to demonstrate assay feasibility in neurological samples derived from multiple sclerosis patients. Our multiplex selected reaction monitoring assay had wide dynamic range (median fold range across peptides = 8.16 × 103) and high assay reproducibility (median across peptides CV = 4%). Candidate biomarkers were quantified in CSF samples from neurologically healthy individuals (n = 9) and patients diagnosed with clinically isolated syndrome (n = 29) or early multiple sclerosis (n = 15).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilijana Begcevic
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 1A8 , Canada.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , Ontario M5T 3L9 , Canada
| | - Davor Brinc
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 1A8 , Canada.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , Ontario M5T 3L9 , Canada.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry , University Health Network , Toronto , Ontario M5G 2C4 , Canada
| | - Lora Dukic
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics , University Hospital "Sveti Duh" , 10000 Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Ana-Maria Simundic
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics , University Hospital "Sveti Duh" , 10000 Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Iris Zavoreo
- University Department of Neurology , Medical School University Hospital "Sestre milosrdnice" , 10000 Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Vanja Basic Kes
- University Department of Neurology , Medical School University Hospital "Sestre milosrdnice" , 10000 Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Eduardo Martinez-Morillo
- Laboratory of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias , 33011 Oviedo , Spain
| | - Ihor Batruch
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , Ontario M5T 3L9 , Canada
| | - Andrei P Drabovich
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 1A8 , Canada.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry , University Health Network , Toronto , Ontario M5G 2C4 , Canada
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 1A8 , Canada.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , Ontario M5T 3L9 , Canada.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry , University Health Network , Toronto , Ontario M5G 2C4 , Canada
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Begcevic I, Brinc D, Drabovich AP, Batruch I, Diamandis EP. Identification of brain-enriched proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid proteome by LC-MS/MS profiling and mining of the Human Protein Atlas. Clin Proteomics 2016; 13:11. [PMID: 27186164 PMCID: PMC4868024 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-016-9111-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a proximal fluid which communicates closely with brain tissue, contains numerous brain-derived proteins and thus represents a promising fluid for discovery of biomarkers of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. The main purpose of this study was to generate an extensive CSF proteome and define brain-related proteins identified in CSF, suitable for development of diagnostic assays. Methods Six non-pathological CSF samples from three female and three male individuals were selected for CSF analysis. Samples were first subjected to strong cation exchange chromatography, followed by LC-MS/MS analysis. Secreted and membrane-bound proteins enriched in the brain tissues were retrieved from the Human Protein Atlas. Results In total, 2615 proteins were identified in the CSF. The number of proteins identified per individual sample ranged from 1109 to 1421, with inter-individual variability between six samples of 21 %. Based on the Human Protein Atlas, 78 brain-specific proteins found in CSF samples were proposed as a signature of brain-enriched proteins in CSF. Conclusion A combination of Human Protein Atlas database and experimental search of proteins in specific body fluid can be applied as an initial step in search for disease biomarkers specific for a particular tissue. This signature may be of significant interest for development of novel diagnostics of CNS diseases and identification of drug targets. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12014-016-9111-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilijana Begcevic
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Davor Brinc
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada ; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Andrei P Drabovich
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Ihor Batruch
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada ; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
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Kroksveen AC, Jaffe JD, Aasebø E, Barsnes H, Bjørlykke Y, Franciotta D, Keshishian H, Myhr KM, Opsahl JA, van Pesch V, Teunissen CE, Torkildsen Ø, Ulvik RJ, Vethe H, Carr SA, Berven FS. Quantitative proteomics suggests decrease in the secretogranin-1 cerebrospinal fluid levels during the disease course of multiple sclerosis. Proteomics 2015; 15:3361-9. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann C. Kroksveen
- The KG Jebsen Centre for MS-research; Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Proteomics Unit (PROBE); Department of Biomedicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Jacob D. Jaffe
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; 7 Cambridge Center; Cambridge MA USA
| | - Elise Aasebø
- Proteomics Unit (PROBE); Department of Biomedicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Harald Barsnes
- Proteomics Unit (PROBE); Department of Biomedicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Yngvild Bjørlykke
- Proteomics Unit (PROBE); Department of Biomedicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Science; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Diego Franciotta
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology; “C. Mondino” National Neurological Institute; Pavia Italy
| | - Hasmik Keshishian
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; 7 Cambridge Center; Cambridge MA USA
| | - Kjell-Morten Myhr
- The KG Jebsen Centre for MS-research; Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- The Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre; Department of Neurology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Jill A. Opsahl
- The KG Jebsen Centre for MS-research; Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Proteomics Unit (PROBE); Department of Biomedicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Vincent van Pesch
- Neurochemistry Unit; Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain; Brussels Belgium
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank; Department of Clinical Chemistry; VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Øivind Torkildsen
- The KG Jebsen Centre for MS-research; Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- The Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre; Department of Neurology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Rune J. Ulvik
- Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Heidrun Vethe
- Proteomics Unit (PROBE); Department of Biomedicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Science; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Steven A. Carr
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; 7 Cambridge Center; Cambridge MA USA
| | - Frode S. Berven
- The KG Jebsen Centre for MS-research; Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Proteomics Unit (PROBE); Department of Biomedicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- The Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre; Department of Neurology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
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Proteomic analyses reveal that loss of TDP-43 affects RNA processing and intracellular transport. Neuroscience 2015; 293:157-70. [PMID: 25743254 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is a predominantly nuclear, ubiquitously expressed RNA and DNA-binding protein. It recognizes and binds to UG repeats and is involved in pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA stability and microRNA metabolism. TDP-43 is essential in early embryonic development but accumulates in cytoplasmic aggregates in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and tau-negative frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). It is not known yet whether cytoplasmic aggregates of TDP-43 are toxic or protective but they are often associated with a loss of TDP-43 from the nucleus and neurodegeneration may be caused by a loss of normal TDP-43 function or a gain of toxic function. Here we present a proteomic study to analyze the effect of loss of TDP-43 on the proteome. MS data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD001668. Our results indicate that TDP-43 is an important regulator of RNA metabolism and intracellular transport. We show that Ran-binding protein 1 (RanBP1), DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (Dnmt3a) and chromogranin B (CgB) are downregulated upon TDP-43 knockdown. Subsequently, transportin 1 level is increased as a result of RanBP1 depletion. Improper regulation of these proteins and the subsequent disruption of cellular processes may play a role in the pathogenesis of the TDP-43 proteinopathies ALS and FTLD.
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Liguori M, Qualtieri A, Tortorella C, Direnzo V, Bagalà A, Mastrapasqua M, Spadafora P, Trojano M. Proteomic profiling in multiple sclerosis clinical courses reveals potential biomarkers of neurodegeneration. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103984. [PMID: 25098164 PMCID: PMC4123901 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our project was to perform an exploratory analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomic profiles of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients, collected in different phases of their clinical course, in order to investigate the existence of peculiar profiles characterizing the different MS phenotypes. The study was carried out on 24 Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS), 16 Relapsing Remitting (RR) MS, 11 Progressive (Pr) MS patients. The CSF samples were analysed using the Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Time Of Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometer in linear mode geometry and in delayed extraction mode (m/z range: 1000–25000 Da). Peak lists were imported for normalization and statistical analysis. CSF data were correlated with demographic, clinical and MRI parameters. The evaluation of MALDI-TOF spectra revealed 348 peak signals with relative intensity ≥1% in the study range. The peak intensity of the signals corresponding to Secretogranin II and Protein 7B2 were significantly upregulated in RRMS patients compared to PrMS (p<0.05), whereas the signals of Fibrinogen and Fibrinopeptide A were significantly downregulated in CIS compared to PrMS patients (p<0.04). Additionally, the intensity of the Tymosin β4 peak was the only signal to be significantly discriminated between the CIS and RRMS patients (p = 0.013). Although with caution due to the relatively small size of the study populations, and considering that not all the findings remained significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons, in our opinion this mass spectrometry evaluation confirms that this technique may provide useful and important information to improve our understanding of the complex pathogenesis of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Liguori
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Bari, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Antonio Qualtieri
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Mangone (CS), Italy
| | - Carla Tortorella
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Vita Direnzo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Bagalà
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Mangone (CS), Italy
| | - Mariangela Mastrapasqua
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Patrizia Spadafora
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Mangone (CS), Italy
| | - Maria Trojano
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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12
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Jakobsson J, Stridsberg M, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Ekman CJ, Johansson AG, Sellgren C, Landén M. Decreased cerebrospinal fluid secretogranin II concentrations in severe forms of bipolar disorder. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2013; 38:E21-6. [PMID: 23415276 PMCID: PMC3692729 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.120170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder is a common psychiatric mood disorder that is defined by recurrent episodes of abnormally elevated mood and depression. Progressive structural brain changes in individuals with bipolar disorder have been suggested to be associated with defects in the secretion of neurotrophic factors. We sought to assess how the regulated secretory pathway in the brain is affected in patients with bipolar disorder by measuring chromogranin B and secretogranin II, which are 2 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biological markers for this process. METHODS We measured the concentrations of chromogranin B (peptide 439-451) and secretogranin II (peptide 154-165) in the CSF of patients with well-defined bipolar disorder and healthy controls. The lifetime severity of bipolar disorder was rated using the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale. RESULTS We included 126 patients with bipolar disorder and 71 healthy controls in our analysis. Concentrations of secretogranin II were significantly lower in patients with bipolar disorder type I than in healthy controls. The reduction was most pronounced in patients with high CGI scores (i.e., severe disease). LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design of the current study limits the ability to pinpoint the causalities behind the observed associations. CONCLUSION This study shows that the CSF marker secretogranin II has the potential to act as a biological marker for severe forms of bipolar disorder. Our findings indicate that patients with bipolar disorder possess defects in the regulatory secretory pathway, which may be of relevance to the progressive structural brain changes seen in those with severe forms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Jakobsson
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg and Mölndal, Sweden.
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13
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Mo M, Hoang HT, Schmidt S, Clark RB, Ehrlich BE. The role of chromogranin B in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Mol Cell Neurosci 2013; 56:102-14. [PMID: 23624073 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromogranin B (CGB) is a high capacity, low affinity calcium binding protein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that binds to the inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R) and amplifies calcium release from ER stores. Recently, it was discovered that levels of CGB-derived peptides are decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. One of the mechanisms by which neurodegeneration in MS is thought to occur is through increased levels of intra-axonal calcium. The combination of excess intracellular calcium and dysregulated levels of CGB in MS led us to hypothesize that CGB may be involved in MS pathophysiology. Here, we show in a mouse model of MS that CGB levels are elevated in neurons prior to onset of symptoms. Once symptoms develop, CGB protein levels increase with disease severity. Additionally, we show that elevated levels of CGB may have a role in the pathophysiology of MS and suggest that the initial elevation of CGB, prior to symptom onset, is due to inflammatory processes. Upon development of symptoms, CGB accumulation in neurons results from decreased ubiquitination and decreased secretion. Furthermore, we show that calpain activity is increased and levels of InsP3R are decreased. From these results, we suggest that the elevated levels of CGB and altered InsP3R levels may contribute to the axonal/neuronal damage and dysregulated calcium homeostasis observed in MS. Additionally, we propose that CGB can be a biomarker that predicts the onset and severity of disease in patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Mo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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14
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Hölttä M, Zetterberg H, Mirgorodskaya E, Mattsson N, Blennow K, Gobom J. Peptidome analysis of cerebrospinal fluid by LC-MALDI MS. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42555. [PMID: 22880031 PMCID: PMC3412831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the analysis of endogenous peptides in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by mass spectrometry. A method was developed for preparation of peptide extracts from CSF. Analysis of the extracts by offline LC-MALDI MS resulted in the detection of 3,000–4,000 peptide-like features. Out of these, 730 peptides were identified by MS/MS. The majority of these peptides have not been previously reported in CSF. The identified peptides were found to originate from 104 proteins, of which several have been reported to be involved in different disorders of the central nervous system. These results support the notion that CSF peptidomics may be viable complement to proteomics in the search of biomarkers of CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikko Hölttä
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ekaterina Mirgorodskaya
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niklas Mattsson
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Gobom
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Bartolomucci A, Possenti R, Mahata SK, Fischer-Colbrie R, Loh YP, Salton SRJ. The extended granin family: structure, function, and biomedical implications. Endocr Rev 2011; 32:755-97. [PMID: 21862681 PMCID: PMC3591675 DOI: 10.1210/er.2010-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The chromogranins (chromogranin A and chromogranin B), secretogranins (secretogranin II and secretogranin III), and additional related proteins (7B2, NESP55, proSAAS, and VGF) that together comprise the granin family subserve essential roles in the regulated secretory pathway that is responsible for controlled delivery of peptides, hormones, neurotransmitters, and growth factors. Here we review the structure and function of granins and granin-derived peptides and expansive new genetic evidence, including recent single-nucleotide polymorphism mapping, genomic sequence comparisons, and analysis of transgenic and knockout mice, which together support an important and evolutionarily conserved role for these proteins in large dense-core vesicle biogenesis and regulated secretion. Recent data further indicate that their processed peptides function prominently in metabolic and glucose homeostasis, emotional behavior, pain pathways, and blood pressure modulation, suggesting future utility of granins and granin-derived peptides as novel disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bartolomucci
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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16
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Cerebrospinal fluid and blood biomarkers of neuroaxonal damage in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Int 2011; 2011:767083. [PMID: 22096642 PMCID: PMC3198600 DOI: 10.1155/2011/767083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Following emerging evidence that neurodegenerative processes in multiple sclerosis (MS) are present from its early stages, an intensive scientific interest has been directed to biomarkers of neuro-axonal damage in body fluids of MS patients. Recent research has introduced new candidate biomarkers but also elucidated pathogenetic and clinical relevance of the well-known ones. This paper reviews the existing data on blood and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of neuroaxonal damage in MS and highlights their relation to clinical parameters, as well as their potential predictive value to estimate future disease course, disability, and treatment response. Strategies for future research in this field are suggested.
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17
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Teunissen CE, Koel-Simmelink MJA, Pham TV, Knol JC, Khalil M, Trentini A, Killestein J, Nielsen J, Vrenken H, Popescu V, Dijkstra CD, Jimenez CR. Identification of biomarkers for diagnosis and progression of MS by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Mult Scler 2011; 17:838-50. [PMID: 21505015 DOI: 10.1177/1352458511399614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Body fluid biomarkers for clinical subtyping and monitoring of disease progression are of considerable interest in multiple sclerosis (MS). Proteomics tools are optimal for the unbiased simultaneous detection of large series of peptides and proteins. OBJECTIVES To identify novel candidate biomarkers discriminating patients with MS from patients with other neurological diseases (OND), and for subtyping of relapsing-remitting (RR), secondary progressive (SP) and primary progressive (PP) MS patients using a high-throughput MALDI-TOF-based mass spectrometry method. METHODS Paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples of 41 RRMS, 30 SPMS, 13 PPMS patients and 25 patients with OND were analysed. RESULTS Out of a total of 100 detected peptides in CSF and 200 peptides in serum, 11 peptides were differentially regulated in serum and two in CSF between patients with MS and the OND control group. Eleven peptides were differentially regulated in both serum and CSF between relapse-onset MS and PPMS patients. Lastly, four peptides were differentially regulated in serum and two in CSF between RRMS and SPMS patients. Specific peaks regulated in MS were tentatively identified as fragments of secretogranin III and complement C3. The peak intensity of the CSF peptide ion with m/z value 8607.7 correlated to atrophy (r = -0.27, p < 0.005), black hole volumes (r = 0.31, p < 0.008) and total lesion load (r = 0.34, p < 0.003). A serum peptide with m/z value of 872.4 elevated in SPMS correlated to Expanded Disability Status Scale (r = 0.341, p < 0.005) and atrophy (r = -0.286, p < 0.028). CONCLUSIONS Using high-throughput body fluid profiling by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, small proteins and peptides were detected as promising candidate biomarkers for diagnosis and disease progression of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Teunissen
- NUBIN, Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Kroksveen A, Opsahl J, Aye T, Ulvik R, Berven F. Proteomics of human cerebrospinal fluid: Discovery and verification of biomarker candidates in neurodegenerative diseases using quantitative proteomics. J Proteomics 2011; 74:371-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2010.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Constantinescu R, Andreasson U, Li S, Podust VN, Mattsson N, Anckarsäter R, Anckarsäter H, Rosengren L, Holmberg B, Blennow K, Wikkelsö C, Rüetschi U, Zetterberg H. Proteomic profiling of cerebrospinal fluid in parkinsonian disorders. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2010; 16:545-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2010.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Revised: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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20
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Bartolomucci A, Pasinetti GM, Salton SRJ. Granins as disease-biomarkers: translational potential for psychiatric and neurological disorders. Neuroscience 2010; 170:289-97. [PMID: 20600637 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Revised: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The identification of biomarkers represents a fundamental medical advance that can lead to an improved understanding of disease pathogenesis, and holds the potential to define surrogate diagnostic and prognostic endpoints. Because of the inherent difficulties in assessing brain function in patients and objectively identifying neurological and cognitive/emotional symptoms, future application of biomarkers to neurological and psychiatric disorders is extremely desirable. This article discusses the biomarker potential of the granin family, a group of acidic proteins present in the secretory granules of a wide variety of endocrine, neuronal and neuroendocrine cells: chromogranin A (CgA), CgB, Secretogranin II (SgII), SgIII, HISL-19 antigen, 7B2, NESP55, VGF and ProSAAS. Their relative abundance, functional significance, and secretion into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), saliva, and the general circulation have made granins tractable targets as biomarkers for many diseases of neuronal and endocrine origin, recently impacting diagnosis of a number of neurological and psychiatric disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, and schizophrenia. Although research has not yet validated the clinical utility of granins as surrogate endpoints for the progression or treatment of neurological or psychiatric disease, a growing body of experimental evidence indicates that the use of granins as biomarkers might be of great potential clinical interest. Advances that further elucidate the mechanism(s) of action of granins, coupled with improvements in biomarker technology and direct clinical application, should increase the translational effectiveness of this family of proteins in disease diagnosis and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bartolomucci
- Department of Evolutionary and Functional Biology, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy.
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Nilsson A, Fälth M, Zhang X, Kultima K, Sköld K, Svenningsson P, Andrén PE. Striatal alterations of secretogranin-1, somatostatin, prodynorphin, and cholecystokinin peptides in an experimental mouse model of Parkinson disease. Mol Cell Proteomics 2009; 8:1094-104. [PMID: 19131325 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m800454-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The principal causative pathology of Parkinson disease is the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta projecting to the striatum in the brain. The information regarding the expression of neuropeptides in parkinsonism is very limited. Here we have elucidated striatal neuropeptide mechanisms in experimental parkinsonism using the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine model to degenerate dopamine neurons. A thoroughly controlled sample preparation technique together with a peptidomics approach and targeted neuropeptide sequence collections enabled sensitive detection, identification, and relative quantitation of a great number of endogenous neuropeptides. Previously not recognized alterations in neuropeptide levels were identified in the unilateral lesioned mice with or without subchronic 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine administration, the conventional treatment of Parkinson disease. Several of these peptides originated from the same precursor such as secretogranin-1, somatostatin, prodynorphin, and cholecystokinin. Disease-related biotransformation of precursors into individual peptides was observed in the experimental model of Parkinson disease. Several previously unreported potentially biologically active peptides were also identified from the striatal samples. This study provides further evidence that neuropeptides take part in mediating the central nervous system failure associated with Parkinson disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nilsson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Medical Mass Spectrometry, Uppsala University, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
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