1
|
Petranyi F, Whitton MM, Lobo E, Ramirez S, Radovanović A, Bajagai YS, Stanley D. Precision glycan supplementation: A strategy to improve performance and intestinal health of laying hens in high-stress commercial environments. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024. [PMID: 38812376 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
In the dynamic world of animal production, many challenges arise in disease control, animal welfare and the need to meet antibiotic-free demands. Emerging diseases have a significant impact on the poultry industry. Managing gut microbiota is an important determinant of poultry health and performance. Introducing precision glycans as feed additives adds another dimension to this complex environment. The glycans play pivotal roles in supporting gut health and immunological processes and are likely to limit antibiotic usage while enhancing intestinal well-being and overall poultry performance. This study explores precision glycan product as a feed additive supplemented at a continuous dose of 900 g per tonne of feed, in a free-range production system on a large commercial farm. Forty thousand 17-week-old pullets were randomly allocated to one of two separated sections of the production shed, with individual silos and egg-collecting belts. The flock performance, gut microbiota and its functionality were analysed throughout the laying cycle until 72 weeks of age. The results demonstrated that introducing precision glycans improved a range of performance indicators, including reduced cumulative mortality, especially during a major smothering event, where the birds pile up until they suffocate. There was also significantly increased hen-housed egg production, reduced gut dysbiosis score and undigested feed, increased number of goblet cells and improved feed conversion ratio. Additionally, microbiota analysis revealed significant changes in the composition of the gizzard, ileum content, ileum mucosa, and caecal and cloacal regions. Overall, the findings suggest that precision glycans have the potential to enhance poultry egg production in challenging farming environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich Petranyi
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland Universitty, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
- DSM-Firmenich, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maria M Whitton
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland Universitty, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Edina Lobo
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland Universitty, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Anita Radovanović
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Yadav S Bajagai
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland Universitty, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dragana Stanley
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland Universitty, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sorour HK, Shalaby AG, Abdelmagid MA, Hosny RA. Characterization and pathogenicity of multidrug-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci isolates in chickens. Int Microbiol 2023; 26:989-1000. [PMID: 37055707 PMCID: PMC10622361 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00354-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenic potential of vancomycin and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (VMRCoNS) on Egyptian poultry farms has received little attention. Therefore, this study aims to study the prevalence of CoNS in imported poultry flocks and commercial poultry farms, evaluate the presence of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes (sea, seb, sec, sed, see, and mecA), and assess their pathogenicity in broiler chicks. Seven species were identified among 25 isolates, such as 8 S. gallinarum, 5 S. saprophyticus, 5 S. chromogens, 3 S. warneri, 2 S. hominis, 1 S. caprae, and 1 S. epidermidis. All isolates were resistant to clindamycin, doxycycline, vancomycin, methicillin, rifampicin, and penicillin. The mecA gene was confirmed in 14 isolates, while the sed gene was revealed in seven isolates. Commercial 1-day-old Ross broiler chicks were divided into eight groups of three replicates (10 birds/group): group Ӏ was negative control; groups (П, Ш, IV, V, VI, VII, and VIII) were subcutaneously inoculated with 108 CFUml-1 of S. hominis, S. caprae, S. epidermidis, S. gallinarum, S. chromogens, S. warneri, and S. saprophyticus, respectively. Groups VIII and V had mortality rates of 100% and 20%, respectively, with no evidence of mortalities in the other groups. The highest re-isolation of CoNS species was recorded in groups VII, VIII, and V. Postmortem and histopathological examination revealed the common presence of polyserositis in the internal organs, and hepatic and myocardial necrosis in groups IV, V, and VI. These findings revealed the pathogenic potential of CoNS, so special attention must be directed toward their public health impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hend K Sorour
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Azhar G Shalaby
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Abdelmagid
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Reham A Hosny
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gupta CL, Avidov R, Kattusamy K, Saadi I, Varma VS, Blum SE, Zhu YG, Zhou XY, Su JQ, Laor Y, Cytryn E. Spatial and temporal dynamics of microbiomes and resistomes in broiler litter stockpiles. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:6201-6211. [PMID: 34900133 PMCID: PMC8637134 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Farmers apply broiler chicken litter to soils to enrich organic matter and provide crops with nutrients, following varying periods of stockpiling. However, litter frequently harbors fecal-derived microbial pathogens and associated antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and may be a source of microbial contamination of produce. We coupled a cutting-edge Loop Genomics long-read 16S rRNA amplicon-sequencing platform with high-throughput qPCR that targeted a suite of ARGs, to assess temporal (five time points over a 60-day period) and spatial (top, middle and bottom layers) microbiome and resistome dynamics in a broiler litter stockpile. We focused on potentially pathogenic species from the Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcaceae and Staphylococcaceae families associated with food-borne disease. Bacterial diversity was significantly lower in the middle of the stockpile, where targeted pathogens were lowest and Bacillaceae were abundant. E. coli was the most abundant Enterobacteriaceae species, and high levels of the opportunistic pathogen Enterococcus faecium were detected. Correlation analyses revealed that the latter was significantly associated with aminoglycoside (aac(6′)-Ib(aka aacA4), aadA5), tetracycline (tetG), vancomycin (vanC), phenicol (floR) and MLSB (mphB) resistance genes. Staphylococcaceae were primarily non-pathogenic, but extremely low levels of the opportunistic pathogen S. aureus were detected, as was the opportunistic pathogen S. saprophyticus, which was linked to vancomycin (vanSA, vanC1), MLSB (vatE, ermB) and tetracycline (tetK) resistance genes. Collectively, we found that stockpile microbiomes and resistomes are strongly dictated by temporal fluctuations and spatial heterogeneity. Insights from this study can be exploited to improve stockpile management practice to support sustainable antimicrobial resistance mitigation policies in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chhedi Lal Gupta
- Department of Soil Chemistry, Plant Nutrition and Microbiology, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, The Volcani Institute, Agriculture Research Organization, 7528809 Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Ran Avidov
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Ramat Yishai, 30095, Israel
| | - Karuppasamy Kattusamy
- Department of Soil Chemistry, Plant Nutrition and Microbiology, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, The Volcani Institute, Agriculture Research Organization, 7528809 Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Ibrahim Saadi
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Ramat Yishai, 30095, Israel
| | - Vempalli Sudharsan Varma
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Ramat Yishai, 30095, Israel
| | - Shlomo E Blum
- Department of Bacteriology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, 50250 Beit Dagan, Israel
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Su
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yael Laor
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Ramat Yishai, 30095, Israel
| | - Eddie Cytryn
- Department of Soil Chemistry, Plant Nutrition and Microbiology, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, The Volcani Institute, Agriculture Research Organization, 7528809 Rishon Lezion, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ayim-Akonor M, Krumkamp R, May J, Mertens E. Understanding attitude, practices and knowledge of zoonotic infectious disease risks among poultry farmers in Ghana. Vet Med Sci 2020; 6:631-638. [PMID: 32243723 PMCID: PMC7397889 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoonotic infectious diseases (ZIDs) are increasing globally, and livestock farmers in low‐ and middle‐income countries are at particularly high risk. An evaluation of farmer's behaviour on farms can be used to identify the risk factors and to develop tailored control strategies. This study documents the knowledge of zoonotic poultry diseases (ZPD) among 152 poultry farm workers (respondents) from 76 farms in the Ashanti region of Ghana and assessed their on‐farm attitude and practices that increase their risk to exposure of ZPD. The median age of respondents was 29 years, 91.4% (n = 139) had a formal education, and 80.9% (n = 123) had worked on the farm for more than 1 year. The majority of farms (n = 69, 90.8%) had multiple flocks and 27.6% (n = 21) kept other animals, of which 57.1% (n = 12) were pigs. The majority of respondents had good knowledge about poultry diseases but not about ZPD. A higher level of education and longer work experience improved respondents’ knowledge of poultry and ZPD. Although respondents identified the wearing of personal protective equipment (PPE) as a major ZPD preventive measure, the majority did not put that knowledge into practice. Most farms (71.1%, n = 54) had no footbath and 55.3% (n = 42) deposited farm‐waste on the farm. While 97.4% (n = 148) of respondents washed their hands after working, only 48.7% (n = 74) wore protective footwear, 2.7% (n = 4) wore overalls, 2% (n = 3) wore nose masks and none (n = 0) wore gloves. The husbandry practices and attitude of farmers expose them to pathogens on the farm and increase their risk of becoming infected with ZPD in the sub‐region. The results from this study could be used to promote human health among farm workers in Ghana.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matilda Ayim-Akonor
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Animal Health and Food safety, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Animal Research Institute, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ralf Krumkamp
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen May
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Mertens
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Boamah VE, Agyare C, Odoi H, Adu F, Gbedema SY, Dalsgaard A. Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of coagulase-negative Staphylococci isolated from poultry farms in three regions of Ghana. Infect Drug Resist 2017; 10:175-183. [PMID: 28652785 PMCID: PMC5476628 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s136349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of antibiotics in animal production has been associated with the development and spread of antibiotic-resistant organisms including commensals. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) species, which were until recently considered non-pathogenic, have been associated with opportunistic infections and high resistance to several antibiotics. This study sought to determine the prevalence, identity, and phenotypic resistance of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. isolated from some selected poultry farms and farm workers in the Ashanti, Brong Ahafo, and Greater Accra regions of Ghana. Poultry litter samples and oral swabs of poultry farm workers were collected, from which bacterial species were isolated, identified, and analyzed. Various selective media were used for the presumptive identification of the different species. Confirmation of bacterial identity was done using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Zones of growth inhibition were interpreted based on the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) guidelines. Two hundred and fifty-six coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp., comprising S. sciuri (42.97%), S. lentus (35.94%), S. gallinarum (6.64%), S. xylosus (4.30%), S. haemolyticus (3.91%), S. saprophyticus (1.95%), and S. cohnii (0.39%) were confirmed by MALDI-TOF. CoNS were isolated from samples from the Brong Ahafo (48.83%), Ashanti (33.59%), and Greater Accra (17.78%) regions. Isolates from poultry litter constituted 55.47%, and farm workers 44.53%. All the isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and amikacin. The isolates exhibited high resistance toward tetracycline (57.03%), doxycycline (43.75%), and oxacillin (43.36%). Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was observed in 19.14% of the isolates. MDR was higher in isolates obtained from poultry farm workers (61.22%) than isolates from poultry litter (38.78%). The above findings call for stricter monitoring of antibiotic usage in both animal production and in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Etsiapa Boamah
- Microbiology Section, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Christian Agyare
- Microbiology Section, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Hayford Odoi
- Microbiology Section, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Francis Adu
- Microbiology Section, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Stephen Yao Gbedema
- Microbiology Section, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Anders Dalsgaard
- Section of Food Safety and Zoonoses, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederisksberg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Erratum. Lett Appl Microbiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2006.02009.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|