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Khazani H, Jalali Kondori B, Sahraei H, Meftahi GH. Terminalia chebula attenuates restraint stress-induced memory impairment and synaptic loss in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the basolateral and central nuclei of the amygdala by inhibiting oxidative damage. Brain Res Bull 2024; 213:110975. [PMID: 38734185 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Chronic restraint stress induces cognitive abnormalities through changes in synapses and oxidant levels in the amygdala and hippocampus. Given the neuroprotective effects of fruit of Terminalia chebula (Halileh) in different experimental models, the present investigation aimed to address whether Terminalia chebula is able to reduce chronic restraint stress-induced behavioral, synaptic and oxidant markers in the rat model. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups as follows: control (did not receive any treatment and were not exposed to stress), stress (restraint stress for 2 h a day for 14 consecutive days), Terminalia chebula (received 200 mg/kg hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia chebula), and stress + Terminalia chebula groups (received 200 mg/kg extract of Terminalia chebula twenty minutes before stress) (n = 8 in each group). We used the shuttle box test to assess learning and memory, Golgi-Cox staining to examine dendritic spine density in the dentate gyrus region of the hippocampus and the basolateral and central nuclei of the amygdala, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) in the brain. The shuttle box test results demonstrated that Terminalia chebula treatment had a profound positive effect on memory parameters, including step-through latency (STL) and time spent in the dark room, when compared to the stress group. Daily oral treatment with Terminalia chebula effectively suppressed the loss of neural spine density in the dentate gyrus region of the hippocampus and the basolateral and central nuclei of the amygdala caused by chronic restraint stress, as demonstrated by Golgi-Cox staining. Additionally, the results indicate that Terminalia chebula significantly reduced the TOS and increased TAC in the brain compared to the stress group. In conclusion, our results suggest that Terminalia chebula improved memory impairment and synaptic loss in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the basolateral and central nuclei of the amygdala induced by restraint stress via inhibiting oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Khazani
- Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Jalali Kondori
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedayat Sahraei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholam Hossein Meftahi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Garg V. Acacia catechu Willd. and Acacia arabica Willd. decrease the extent of anxiety behavior by reducing oxidative stress and moderating neurochemicals. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116496. [PMID: 37059249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Anxiety is a very common psychiatric problem. It affects a large group of people in the world population. Acacia genus is well known for phenolic and flavonoid content. Literature showed its potential for various biological activities and is useful in the treatment of chest pain, asthma, bronchitis, wounds, mouth ulcer, colic, vitiligo, sore throat, inflammation, diarrhoea and also used as tonic. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was conducted to assess the antianxiety potential of two plants Acacia catechu Willd. and Acacia arabica Willd. from the common family Fabaceae. MATERIALS AND METHODS The stems of both plants were used for this purpose. Plants were subjected to complete exhaustive successive extraction using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol, and water as solvent. After pharmacognostic and phytochemical investigation, antianxiety activity was conducted on Swiss albino mice at different dose levels (100, 200, 300, & 400 mg/kg body weight p.o.) for all successive extracts of both plants. Two active extracts from each plant were further assessed for anxiolytic potential using the open-field test and mirror chamber test. One extract with the maximum response from each plant was further screened using mCPP-induced anxiety test. RESULTS The stem of ethanol extract of A. catechu showed comparable antianxiety activity at 400 mg/kg to the standard drug diazepam (2.5 mg/kg). Improved SOD, catalase, and LPO levels were noted after administration of A. catechu ethanolic extract at 400 mg/kg. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, A. catechu ethanolic extract improved anxiety symptoms at dose-dependent levels in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India.
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Pal G, Mishra HP, Suvvari TK, Tanwar A, Ghosh T, Verma P, Pal A, Patial K, Mahapatra C, Amanullah NA, Shukoor SA, Kamal S, Rohil V. Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats Under Acute Restraint Stress and Its Modulation by Antioxidants and Nitric Oxide Modulators. Cureus 2023; 15:e43333. [PMID: 37701013 PMCID: PMC10493075 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several pathogenic conditions leading to morbidity, including cancer, aging, diabetes, reperfusion injury, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disorders, are known to be exacerbated by oxidative stress. Antioxidant therapy is effective in the treatment of such disorders and appears to be a potential therapeutic technique to reduce oxidative stress. The aim of our study is to investigate the antioxidant effects of L-ascorbic acid and nitric oxide (NO) modulators on rats suffering from oxidative stress induced by acute restraint stress (RSx1). METHODOLOGY In this in vivo study, Wistar rats were subjected to one hour of restraint stress on day 21 to induce oxidative stress. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase, glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were used to assess the antioxidant effects. IBM Corp. Released 2013. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. was used for data analysis. RESULTS Compared to vehicle groups, acute restraint stress (RSx1) dramatically increased MDA levels while decreasing GSH, SOD, total antioxidant capacity, and catalase. L-NAME, 7-NI, AG (50 mg/kg each), and L-ascorbic acid (200 mg/kg) reversed the changes in SOD, MDA, GSH, total antioxidant capacity, and catalase levels. The NO precursor L-arginine (1000 mg/kg) and NO synthase inhibitors followed the same trend. CONCLUSION Our study findings highlight the complex role of antioxidants and NO modulators in the pathogenesis of diseases, as evidenced by the reversal of oxidative stress indicators. Antioxidant therapy, with its potential to mitigate oxidative stress, emerges as a viable treatment option for a range of pathological conditions associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giridhari Pal
- Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, IND
| | - Hara Prasad Mishra
- Clinical Trial, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, IND
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, IND
| | - Tarun Kumar Suvvari
- Medicine and Surgery, Squad Medicine and Research (SMR), Visakhapatnam, IND
- General Medicine, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, IND
| | - Anshul Tanwar
- Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, IND
| | - Tamoghna Ghosh
- Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, IND
| | - Pankaj Verma
- Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, IND
| | - Abhilasha Pal
- Zoology, Miranda House, University of Delhi, Delhi, IND
| | - Kuldeep Patial
- Sleep Medicine Division, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, IND
| | | | - Nidhal A Amanullah
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Sree Ramakrishna Mission Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram, IND
| | - Sara A Shukoor
- Psychiatry, Government Medical College Trivandrum, Trivandrum, IND
| | - Sibin Kamal
- Pain and Palliative Medicine, IQRAA International Hospital & Research Centre, Kandhla, IND
| | - Vishwajeet Rohil
- Biochemistry, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, IND
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Kośmider K, Kamieniak M, Czuczwar SJ, Miziak B. Second Generation of Antiepileptic Drugs and Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043873. [PMID: 36835284 PMCID: PMC9964930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic disease of the central nervous system characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures. As a result of epileptic seizure or status epilepticus oxidants are excessively formed, which may be one of the causes of neuronal death. Given the role of oxidative stress in epileptogenesis, as well as the participation of this process in other neurological conditions, we decided to review the latest state of knowledge regarding the relationship between selected newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), also known as antiseizure drugs, and oxidative stress. The literature review indicates that drugs enhancing GABA-ergic transmission (e.g., vigabatrin, tiagabine, gabapentin, topiramate) or other antiepileptics (e.g., lamotrigine, levetiracetam) reduce neuronal oxidation markers. In particular, levetiracetam may produce ambiguous effects in this regard. However, when a GABA-enhancing drug was applied to the healthy tissue, it tended to increase oxidative stress markers in a dose-dependent manner. Studies on diazepam have shown that it exerts a neuroprotective effect in a "U-shaped" dose-dependent manner after excitotoxic or oxidative stress. Its lower concentrations are insufficient to protect against neuronal damage, while higher concentrations produce neurodegeneration. Therefore, a conclusion follows that newer AEDs, enhancing GABA-ergic neurotransmission, may act similarly to diazepam, causing neurodegeneration and oxidative stress when used in high doses.
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Rodríguez-Landa JF, Hernández-López F, Martínez-Mota L, Scuteri D, Bernal-Morales B, Rivadeneyra-Domínguez E. GABAA/Benzodiazepine Receptor Complex in the Dorsal Hippocampus Mediates the Effects of Chrysin on Anxiety-Like Behaviour in Female Rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 15:789557. [PMID: 35069140 PMCID: PMC8766729 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.789557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic injections of the flavonoid chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone) exert anxiolytic-like effects in ovariectomised and cycling female rats through actions on gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors; however, it is unknown if chrysin directly acts on brain structures that are involved in regulating emotional processes, such as the hippocampus. The present study evaluated the effects of intrahippocampal microinjections of 0.25, 0.5, and 1 μg of chrysin on anxiety-like behaviour in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and locomotor activity test (LAT) in female rats in proestrus and dioestrus. Similar doses of the neurosteroid allopregnanolone were used as a reference GABAergic anxiolytic drug. The participation of the GABAA/benzodiazepine receptor complex was evaluated by administering the antagonists picrotoxin, bicuculline and flumazenil. In proestrus, 0.5 and 1 μg of chrysin and allopregnanolone induced anxiogenic-like behaviour. In dioestrus, chrysin, and allopregnanolone (0.5 μg) induced anxiolytic-like effects. Picrotoxin, bicuculline and flumazenil prevented the effects of chrysin and allopregnanolone in both proestrus and dioestrus. None of the treatments significantly affected locomotor activity. These results indicate that the GABAA/benzodiazepine receptor complex in the dorsal hippocampus regulates the effects of chrysin on anxiety-like behaviour, similar to the actions of allopregnanolone. The divergent effects of treatments across the oestrous cycle phases suggest complex interactions between GABAA receptors and compounds with an anxiolytic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Landa
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- Facultad de Química Farmacéutica Biológica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Landa,
| | | | - Lucía Martínez-Mota
- Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Damiana Scuteri
- Pharmacotechnology Documentation and Transfer Unit, Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
- Regional Center for Serious Brain Injuries, S. Anna Institute, Crotone, Italy
- Damiana Scuteri,
| | - Blandina Bernal-Morales
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- Facultad de Química Farmacéutica Biológica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
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Rodríguez-Landa JF, Guillén-Ruiz G, Hernández-López F, Cueto-Escobedo J, Rivadeneyra-Domínguez E, Bernal-Morales B, Herrera-Huerta EV. Chrysin reduces anxiety-like behavior through actions on GABA A receptors during metestrus-diestrus in the rat. Behav Brain Res 2020; 397:112952. [PMID: 33017640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Low concentrations of ovarian hormones, among other factors, are associated with greater vulnerability to negative effects of environmental stressors and may trigger anxiety symptoms in females. The flavonoid chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone) exerts anxiolytic-like effects in male and ovariectomized female rats, but it is unknown if chrysin could reduce anxiety-like behavior that naturally occurs through the ovarian cycle phases. The present study evaluated the effect of chrysin on anxiety-like behavior associated with the ovarian cycle phases in rats and the participation of γ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors in these actions. The acute effects of chrysin (2 mg/kg) were investigated in female cycling Wistar rats in the elevated plus maze, locomotor activity test, and light/dark test. Diazepam (2 mg/kg) was used as reference anxiolytic drug. The participation of GABAA receptor in the anxiolytic actions of chrysin was explored by pretreating the rats with the noncompetitive GABAA chloride ion channel antagonist picrotoxin (1 mg/kg). Chrysin and diazepam prevented anxiety-like behavior that was associated with the metestrus-diestrus phase in both the elevated plus maze and light/dark test, and these effects were reversed by picrotoxin, with no significant changes in spontaneous locomotor activity. No significant motor effects of chrysin were detected in either behavioral test during proestrus-estrus or metestrus-diestrus phases, whereas diazepam produced motor hypoactivity in the locomotor activity test during proestrus-estrus phase. These results indicate that the flavonoid chrysin prevents anxiety-like behavior that naturally occurs during metestrus-diestrus in two unconditioned models that are used to evaluate anxiety-like behavior, and these effects were mediated by actions on GABAA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Landa
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico; Facultad de Química Farmacéutica Biológica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
| | - Gabriel Guillén-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico; Cátedras CONACyT-Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Fabiola Hernández-López
- Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 66, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Cueto-Escobedo
- Departamento de Investigación Clínica y Traslacional, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | | | - Blandina Bernal-Morales
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico; Facultad de Química Farmacéutica Biológica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
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Yan BC, Wang J, Rui Y, Cao J, Xu P, Jiang D, Zhu X, Won MH, Bo P, Su P. Neuroprotective Effects of Gabapentin Against Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion-Induced Neuronal Autophagic Injury via Regulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathways. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2019; 78:157-171. [PMID: 30597043 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nly119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gabapentin (GBP), an analgesic, adjunct antiepileptic, and migraine prophylactic drug, reduces neuronal injury induced by cerebral ischemia reperfusion (IR). However, the underlying biological molecular mechanism of GBP neuroprotection is not clear. In this study, we confirmed that dose-dependent (75 and 150 mg/kg) GBP treatment could significantly reduce IR-induced neuronal death. IR-induced neuronal death was inhibited by pretreatment with 150 mg/kg GBP in a middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model. In addition, 150 mg/kg GBP treatment remarkably promoted the levels of antioxidants and reduced the autophagy of neurons in the infarct penumbra. Moreover, the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway was activated by pretreatment with 150 mg/kg GBP, as detected by Western blot analyses. In vitro, pretreatment of PC12 cells with 450 µM GBP significantly reduced cell death induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation, increased antioxidant function, and reduced the levels of autophagy and reactive oxygen species via activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. This neuroprotection by GBP was inhibited significantly by 10 µM LY294002. In summary, dose-dependent pretreatment with GBP protected against cerebral IR injury via activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which provided a neuroprotective function to inhibit oxidative stress-related neuronal autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chun Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical college of Yangzhou University.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital, Yangzhou University.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical college of Yangzhou University.,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanggang Rui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical college of Yangzhou University
| | - Jianwen Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical college of Yangzhou University
| | - Pei Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical college of Yangzhou University
| | - Dan Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical college of Yangzhou University
| | - Xiaolu Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical college of Yangzhou University
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ping Bo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical college of Yangzhou University
| | - Peiqing Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical college of Yangzhou University
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Theodosis-Nobelos P, Papagiouvannis G, Kourounakis PN, Rekka EA. Active Anti-Inflammatory and Hypolipidemic Derivatives of Lorazepam. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183277. [PMID: 31505754 PMCID: PMC6767220 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel derivatives of some non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as of the antioxidants α-lipoic acid, trolox and (E)-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)acrylic acid with lorazepam were synthesised by a straightforward method at satisfactory to high yields (40%–93%). All the tested derivatives strongly decreased lipidemic indices in rat plasma after Triton induced hyperlipidaemia. They also reduced acute inflammation and a number of them demonstrated lipoxygenase inhibitory activity. Those compounds acquiring antioxidant moiety were inhibitors of lipid peroxidation and radical scavengers. Therefore, the synthesised compounds may add to the current knowledge about multifunctional agents acting against various disorders implicating inflammation, dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Theodosis-Nobelos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Frederick University, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus.
| | - Georgios Papagiouvannis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Panos N Kourounakis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Eleni A Rekka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Aging rather than stress strongly influences amino acid metabolisms in the brain and genital organs of female mice. Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 162:72-79. [PMID: 28017699 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aging and stress affect quality of life, and proper nourishment is one of means of preventing this effect. Today, there is a focus on the amount of protein consumed by elderly people; however, changes in the amino acid metabolism of individuals have not been fully considered. In addition, the difference between average life span and healthy life years is larger in females than it is in males. To prolong the healthy life years of females, in the present study we evaluated the influence of stress and aging on metabolism and emotional behavior by comparing young and middle-aged female mice. After 28 consecutive days of immobilization stress, behavioral tests were conducted and tissue sampling was performed. The results showed that the body weight of middle-aged mice was severely lowered by stress, but emotional behaviors were hardly influenced by either aging or stress. Aging influenced changes in amino acid metabolism in the brain and increased various amino acid levels in the uterus and ovary. In conclusion, we found that aged mice were more susceptible to stress in terms of body-weight reduction, and that amino acid metabolisms in the brain and genital organs were largely influenced by aging rather than by stress.
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Aşcı S, Demirci S, Aşcı H, Doğuç DK, Onaran İ. Neuroprotective Effects of Pregabalin on Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion. Balkan Med J 2016; 33:221-7. [PMID: 27403394 DOI: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2015.15742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is one of the most common causes of death and the leading cause of disability in adults. Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury causes cerebral edema, hemorrhage, and neuronal death. AIMS In post-ischemic reperfusion, free radical production causes brain tissue damage by oxidative stress. Pregabalin, an antiepileptic agent was shown to have antioxidant effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of pregabalin on ischemia and reperfusion in rat brain injury. STUDY DESIGN Animal experimentation. METHODS Male Wistar rats weighing (250-300 g) were randomly divided into six groups, each consisting of 6 rats: control (C), pregabalin (P), ischemia (I), pregabalin + ischemia (PI), ischemia + reperfusion (IR) and ischemia + reperfusion + pregabalin (PIR). Rats were initially pre-treated with 50 mg/kg/d pregabalin orally for two days. Then, animals that applied ischemia in I, PI, IR and PIR groups were exposed to carotid clamping for 30 minutes and 20 minutes reperfusion was performed in the relevant reperfusion groups. RESULTS NR2B receptor levels were significantly lower in the PIR group in comparison to the IR group. In the PIR group, Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) level had statistically significant decrease compared with IR group. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels were also significantly increased in the PIR group compared with I, IR and control groups. In the PI and PIR groups, catalase (CAT) levels were also significantly increased compared with I and IR groups (p=0.03 and p=0.07, respectively). CONCLUSION Pregabalin may protect the damage of oxidative stress after ischemia + reperfusion. This result would illuminate clinical studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanem Aşcı
- Neurology Service, Gülkent State Hospital, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Serpil Demirci
- Department of Neurology, Süleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Halil Aşcı
- Department of Pharmacology, Süleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Duygu Kumbul Doğuç
- Department of Biochemistry, Süleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Onaran
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetic, Süleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
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Recent advances in stress research: Focus on nitric oxide. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 765:406-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Sokolov AY, Lyubashina OA, Amelin AV, Panteleev SS. The role of gamma-aminobutyric acid in migraine pathogenesis. NEUROCHEM J+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712414020093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Lyle N, Chakrabarti S, Sur T, Gomes A, Bhattacharyya D. Nardostachys jatamansi Protects Against Cold Restraint Stress Induced Central Monoaminergic and Oxidative Changes in Rats. Neurochem Res 2012; 37:2748-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0867-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 07/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Méndez-Cuesta LA, Márquez-Valadez B, Pérez-De La Cruz V, Escobar-Briones C, Galván-Arzate S, Alvarez-Ruiz Y, Maldonado PD, Santana RA, Santamaría A, Carrillo-Mora P. Diazepam blocks striatal lipid peroxidation and improves stereotyped activity in a rat model of acute stress. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2011; 109:350-6. [PMID: 21645264 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2011.00738.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the effect of a single dose of diazepam was tested on different markers of oxidative damage in the striatum of rats in an acute model of immobilization (restraint) stress. In addition, the locomotor activity was measured at the end of the restraint period. Immobilization was induced to animals for 24 hr, and then, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase activity and content, and mitochondrial function were all estimated in striatal tissue samples. Corticosterone levels were measured in serum. Diazepam was given to rats as a pre-treatment (1 mg/kg, i.p.) 20 min. before the initiation of stress. Our results indicate that acute stress produced enhanced striatal levels of lipid peroxidation (73% above the control), decreased superoxide dismutase activity (54% below the control), reduced levels of mitochondrial function (35% below the control) and increased corticosterone serum levels (86% above the control). Pre-treatment of stressed rats with diazepam decreased the striatal lipid peroxidation levels (68% below the stress group) and improved mitochondrial function (18% above the stress group), but only mild preservation of superoxide dismutase activity was detected (17% above the stress group). In regard to the motor assessment, only the stereotyped activity was increased in the stress group with respect to control (46% above the control), and this effect was prevented by diazepam administration (30% below the stress group). The preventive actions of diazepam in this acute model of stress suggest that drugs exhibiting anxiolytic and antioxidant properties might be useful for the design of therapies against early acute phases of physic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Méndez-Cuesta
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, México City, Mexico
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Amygdalar orexinergic–GABAergic interactions regulate anxiety behaviors of the Syrian golden hamster. Behav Brain Res 2011; 218:288-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Revised: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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GABAergic influences on ORX receptor-dependent abnormal motor behaviors and neurodegenerative events in fish. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2010; 243:77-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2009] [Revised: 10/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Tsiakitzis KC, Rekka EA, Kourounakis AP, Kourounakis PN. Novel compounds designed as antistress agents. J Med Chem 2009; 52:7315-8. [PMID: 19863055 DOI: 10.1021/jm901169b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Agents against biologic stress were designed, containing GABA esterified with lorazepam and amidated with (R)-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (5) or 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (6). Compounds 5 and 6 inhibited lipid peroxidation, IC(50) 1.1 and 24 microM. Oxidative damage accompanied stress, 5 and 6 reduced radical attack, uropepsinogen, and morphological changes. Stress increased drug metabolism. Treatment with 5 reduced cytochrome P450 and N-demethylation of erythromycin, 35 and 40%. Compounds 5 and 6 decreased lipidemic indices of hyperlipidemic rats 40-63%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyophyllis C Tsiakitzis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Serum antioxidants and nitric oxide levels in fibromyalgia: a controlled study. Rheumatol Int 2008; 29:629-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-008-0738-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2008] [Accepted: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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