1
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Urban K, Gkeka A, Chandra M, Greiner D, Pollich S, Ruf S, Kelemen Y, Sundermann T, Pravetoni M, Baehr C, Stebbins CE, Papavasiliou FN, Verdi JP. The fentanyl-specific antibody FenAb024 can shield against carfentanil effects. Toxicol Lett 2024; 396:1-10. [PMID: 38588756 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The surge in opioid-related deaths, driven predominantly by fentanyl and its synthetic derivatives, has become a critical public health concern, which is particularly evident in the United States. While the situation is less severe in Europe, the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction reports a rise in drug overdose deaths, with emerging concerns about the impact of fentanyl-related molecules. Synthetic opioids, initially designed for medical use, have infiltrated illicit markets due to their low production costs and high potency, with carfentanil posing additional threats, including potential chemical weaponization. Existing overdose mitigation heavily relies on naloxone, requiring timely intervention and caregiver presence, while therapeutic prevention strategies face many access challenges. To provide an additional treatment option, we propose the use of a fentanyl-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb), as a non-opioid method of prophylaxis against fentanyl and carfentanil. This mAb shows protection from opioid effects in a pre-clinical murine model. mAbs could emerge as a versatile countermeasure in civilian and biodefense settings, offering a novel approach to combat opioid-associated mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sandra Ruf
- Panosome GmbH, Heidelberg 69123, Germany; Division of Immune Diversity, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | | | - Tom Sundermann
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute for Forensic Medicine and Traffic Medicine, Heidelberg University Clinic, Heidelberg 69115, Germany
| | - Marco Pravetoni
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Center for Medication Development for Substance Use Disorders, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Carly Baehr
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - C Erec Stebbins
- Division of Structural Biology of Infection and Immunity, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - F Nina Papavasiliou
- Division of Immune Diversity, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Joseph P Verdi
- Panosome GmbH, Heidelberg 69123, Germany; Division of Immune Diversity, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Hepione Therapeutics, Inc., New York, NY 10014, USA.
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2
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Kitanaka J, Kitanaka N, Tomita K, Hall FS, Igarashi K, Uhl GR, Sato T. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inhibitors Block Morphine-Induced Locomotor Activation, Straub Tail, and Depression of Rearing in Mice Via a Possible Central Action. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:2230-2240. [PMID: 36907972 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03902-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
We investigated morphine-induced Straub's tail reaction (STR) in mice pretreated with or without glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitors (SB216763 and AR-A014418) by using a newly modified, infrared beam sensor-based automated apparatus. Mice treated with a single injection of morphine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) showed a significant STR with a plateau level at a time point of 20 min after morphine challenge. Pretreatment of mice with SB216763 (5 mg/kg, s.c.) or AR-A014418 (3 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly inhibited morphine-induced STR and attenuated the duration of STR in a dose-dependent fashion. In the striatum and the nucleus accumbens, expression of pGSK-3βTyr216 but not GSK3β or pGSK-3βSer9 was largely but not significantly reduced after treatment with SB216763 (5 mg/kg, s.c.) in combination with/without morphine, indicating that the inhibitory effect of GSK-3 inhibitors on morphine-induced STR and hyperlocomotion might not depend on the direct blockade of GSK-3β function. In constipated mice after morphine challenge (30 mg/kg), the effect of GSK-3 inhibitors on gastrointestinal transit was examined to reveal whether the action of GSK-3 inhibitors on morphine effects was central and/or peripheral. Pretreatment with SB216763 (5 mg/kg) did not block constipation in morphine-injected mice. The mechanism of action seems to be central but not peripheral, although the underlying subcellular mechanism of GSK-3 inhibitors is not clear. Our measurement system is a useful tool for investigating the excitatory effects of morphine in experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Kitanaka
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo Medical University, 1-3-6 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8530, Japan.
| | - Nobue Kitanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tomita
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - F Scott Hall
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Kento Igarashi
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - George R Uhl
- VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Departments of Neurology and Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Tomoaki Sato
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
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3
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Triller G, Vlachou EP, Hashemi H, van Straaten M, Zeelen JP, Kelemen Y, Baehr C, Marker CL, Ruf S, Svirina A, Chandra M, Urban K, Gkeka A, Kruse S, Baumann A, Miller AK, Bartel M, Pravetoni M, Stebbins CE, Papavasiliou FN, Verdi JP. A trypanosome-derived immunotherapeutics platform elicits potent high-affinity antibodies, negating the effects of the synthetic opioid fentanyl. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112049. [PMID: 36719797 PMCID: PMC10387133 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Poorly immunogenic small molecules pose challenges for the production of clinically efficacious vaccines and antibodies. To address this, we generate an immunization platform derived from the immunogenic surface coat of the African trypanosome. Through sortase-based conjugation of the target molecules to the variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) of the trypanosome surface coat, we develop VSG-immunogen array by sortase tagging (VAST). VAST elicits antigen-specific memory B cells and antibodies in a murine model after deploying the poorly immunogenic molecule fentanyl as a proof of concept. We also develop a single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq)-based computational method that synergizes with VAST to specifically identify memory B cell-encoded antibodies. All computationally selected antibodies bind to fentanyl with picomolar affinity. Moreover, these antibodies protect mice from fentanyl effects after passive immunization, demonstrating the ability of these two coupled technologies to elicit therapeutic antibodies to challenging immunogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianna Triller
- Division of Immune Diversity, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Evi P Vlachou
- Division of Immune Diversity, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Panosome GmbH, 69123 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hamidreza Hashemi
- Division of Immune Diversity, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monique van Straaten
- Division of Structural Biology of Infection and Immunity, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johan P Zeelen
- Division of Structural Biology of Infection and Immunity, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Carly Baehr
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Cheryl L Marker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Iuvo Bioscience, Rush, NY 14543, USA
| | - Sandra Ruf
- Division of Immune Diversity, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Svirina
- Division of Immune Diversity, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monica Chandra
- Panosome GmbH, 69123 Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Structural Biology of Infection and Immunity, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Urban
- Division of Immune Diversity, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anastasia Gkeka
- Division of Immune Diversity, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Panosome GmbH, 69123 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Baumann
- Cancer Drug Development Group, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aubry K Miller
- Cancer Drug Development Group, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Bartel
- Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic and Traffic Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marco Pravetoni
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Center for Medication Development for Substance Use Disorders, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - C Erec Stebbins
- Division of Structural Biology of Infection and Immunity, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Nina Papavasiliou
- Division of Immune Diversity, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joseph P Verdi
- Division of Immune Diversity, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Hepione Therapeutics, Inc., New York, NY 10014, USA.
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4
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Iyer V, Woodward TJ, Pacheco R, Hohmann AG. A limited access oral oxycodone paradigm produces physical dependence and mesocorticolimbic region-dependent increases in DeltaFosB expression without preference. Neuropharmacology 2021; 205:108925. [PMID: 34921830 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The abuse of oral formulations of prescription opioids has precipitated the current opioid epidemic. We developed an oral oxycodone consumption model consisting of a limited access (4 h) two-bottle choice drinking in the dark (TBC-DID) paradigm and quantified dependence with naloxone challenge using mice of both sexes. We also assessed neurobiological correlates of withdrawal and dependence elicited via oral oxycodone consumption using immunohistochemistry for DeltaFosB (ΔFosB), a transcription factor described as a molecular marker for drug addiction. Neither sex developed a preference for the oxycodone bottle, irrespective of oxycodone concentration, bottle position or prior water restriction. Mice that volitionally consumed oxycodone exhibited hyperlocomotion in an open field test and supraspinal but not spinally-mediated antinociception. Both sexes also developed robust, dose-dependent levels of opioid withdrawal that was precipitated by the opioid antagonist naloxone. Oral oxycodone consumption followed by naloxone challenge led to mesocorticolimbic region-dependent increases in the number of ΔFosB expressing cells. Naloxone-precipitated withdrawal jumps, but not the oxycodone bottle % preference, was positively correlated with the number of ΔFosB expressing cells specifically in the nucleus accumbens shell. Thus, limited access oral consumption of oxycodone produced physical dependence and increased ΔFosB expression despite the absence of opioid preference. Our TBC-DID paradigm allows for the study of oral opioid consumption in a simple, high-throughput manner and elucidates the underlying neurobiological substrates that accompany opioid-induced physical dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishakh Iyer
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Taylor J Woodward
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Romario Pacheco
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Andrea G Hohmann
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA; Gill Center for Biomolecular Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
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5
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Kokubu S, Eddinger KA, Yamaguchi S, Huerta-Esquivel LL, Schiller PW, Yaksh TL. Characterization of Analgesic Actions of the Chronic Intrathecal Infusion of H-Dmt-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2 in Rat. Neuromodulation 2019; 22:781-789. [PMID: 30794333 PMCID: PMC6706328 DOI: 10.1111/ner.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES DMT-DALDA (H-Dmt-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2; Dmt = 2',6'-dimethyltyrosine) is a selective mu opioid agonist. We sought to characterize efficacy, tolerance, dependence and side-effect profile when given by continuous intrathecal infusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were prepared with chronic intrathecal catheters and osmotic mini-pumps to deliver vehicle (saline), DMT-DALDA or morphine. Hind paw thermal escape latencies were assessed. In addition, effects upon intraplantar formalin-evoked flinching and withdrawal after 14 days of infusion were examined. The flare response after intradermal delivery was examined in the canine model. RESULTS 1) Intrathecal infusion of 0.3 to 30 pmol/μL/hour of DMT-DALDA or 37.5 nmol/μL/hour of morphine more than 7 or 14 days resulted in a dose-dependent increase in thermal escape latency. The maximum antinociceptive effect was observed between 1 and 4 days after start of infusion with preserved cornea, blink, placing and stepping. By days 12 to 14, response latencies were below baseline. 2) On days 2 to 4 of DMT-DALDA infusion, the pan opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (Nx), but not the delta-preferring antagonist naltrindole, antagonized the analgesic effects. 3) Assessment of formalin flinching on day 1 following IT DMT-DALDA Infusion showed significant analgesia in phases 1 and 2. On day 6 of infusion there was minimal effect, while on day 13, there was an increase in flinching. 4) On days 7 and 14 of infusion Nx resulted in prominent withdrawal signs indicating dependence and withdrawal. 5) Intradermal morphine and DMT-DALDA both yield a naltrexone-insensitive, cromolyn-sensitive flare in the canine model at similar concentrations. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that DMT-DALDA is a potent, spinally active agonist with a propensity to produce tolerance dependence and mast cell degranulation. While it was equiactive to morphine in producing mast cell degranulation, it was >1000 fold more potent in producing analgesia, suggesting a possible lower risk in producing a spinal mass at equianalgesic doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Kokubu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, U.S.A
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kelly A. Eddinger
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, U.S.A
| | - Shigeki Yamaguchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Lena Libertad Huerta-Esquivel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, U.S.A
- Université de Strasbourg, CEDEX Estrasburgo, Alsacia, France
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Peter W. Schiller
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tony L. Yaksh
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, U.S.A
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6
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Kokubu S, Eddinger KA, Nguyen TMD, Huerta-Esquivel LL, Yamaguchi S, Schiller PW, Yaksh TL. Characterization of the antinociceptive effects of intrathecal DALDA peptides following bolus intrathecal delivery. Scand J Pain 2019; 19:193-206. [PMID: 30367811 DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2018-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background and aims We systematically characterized the potency and side effect profile of a series of small opioid peptides with high affinity for the mu opioid receptor. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats were prepared with intrathecal (IT) catheters, assessed with hind paw thermal escape and evaluated for side effects including Straub tail, truncal rigidity, and pinnae and corneal reflexes. In these studies, DMT-DALDA (dDAL) (H-Dmt-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2 MW=981), dDALc (H-Dmt-Cit-Phe-Lys-NH2 MW=868), dDALcn (H-Dmt-D-Cit-Phe-Nle-NH2 MW=739), TAPP (H-Tyr-D-Ala-Phe-Phe-NH2 MW=659), dDAL-TICP ([Dmt1]DALDA-(CH2)2-NH-TICP[psi]; MW=1519), and dDAL-TIPP (H-Dmt-D-Arg-Phe-Lys(Nε-TIPP)-NH2 were examined. In separate studies, the effects of approximately equiactive doses of IT DMT DALDA (10 pmol), morphine (30 nmol) and fentanyl (1 nmol) were examined on formalin-induced flinching at different pretreatment intervals (15 min - 24 h). Results (1) All agents resulted in a dose-dependent reversible effect upon motor function (Straub Tail>Truncal rigidity). (2) The ordering of analgesic activity (%MPE) at the highest dose lacking reliable motor signs after bolus delivery was: DMT-DALDA (80%±6/3 pmol); dDALc (75%±8/1 pmol); dDALcn (84%±10/300 pmol); TAPP (56%±12/10 nmol); dDAL-TICP (52%±27/300 pmol). (3) All analgesic effects were reversed by systemic (IP) naloxone (1 mg/kg). Naltrindole (3 mg/kg, IP) had no significant effect upon the maximum usable peptide dose. (4) Tolerance and cross-tolerance development after 5 daily boluses of DMT-DALDA (3 pmol) and morphine (30 nmol) revealed that both agents displayed a progressive decline over 5 days. (5) Cross-tolerance assessed at day 5 revealed a reduction in response to morphine in DMT-DALDA treated animal but not DMT-DALDA in the morphine treated animal, indicating an asymmetric cross-tolerance. (6) IT DMT-DALDA, morphine and fentanyl resulted in significant reductions in phase 1 and phase 2 flinching. With a 15 min pretreatment all drugs resulted in comparable reductions in flinching. However, at 6 h, the reduction in flinching after DMT-DALDA and morphine were comparably reduced while fentanyl was not different from vehicle. All effects on flinching were lost by 24 h. Conclusions These results emphasize the potent mu agonist properties of the DALDA peptidic structure series, their persistence similar to morphine and their propensity to produce tolerance. The asymmetric cross-tolerance between equiactive doses may reflect the relative intrinsic activity of morphine and DMT-DALDA. Implications These results suggest that the DALDA peptides with their potency and duration of action after intrathecal delivery suggest their potential utility for their further development as a spinal therapeutic to manage pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Kokubu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kelly A Eddinger
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Thi M-D Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lena Libertad Huerta-Esquivel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Université de Strasbourg, Alsacia, France.,Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico
| | - Shigeki Yamaguchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Peter W Schiller
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Clinical Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tony L Yaksh
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Phone: +(619) 543-3597, Fax: +(619) 543-6070
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7
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Sukoff Rizzo SJ, Silverman JL. Methodological Considerations for Optimizing and Validating Behavioral Assays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 6:364-379. [PMID: 27906464 DOI: 10.1002/cpmo.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical animal models are indispensable tools for translational research for which behavioral characterization and phenotyping are essential to testing hypotheses and for evaluating the potential of novel therapeutic agents to treat diseases. The methods employed for comprehensive behavioral phenotyping and pharmacological experiments are complex and should be conducted exclusively by trained technicians with demonstrated proficiency. The ultimate goal is to identify disease-relevant and translational behavioral endpoints that are robust, reliable, and reproducible, and that can be employed to evaluate potential of novel therapeutic agents to treat disease. The intent of the present article is to provide a pragmatic outline for establishing and optimizing behavioral assays and phenotyping batteries, ensuring that the assays and the data are reliable such that they can be reproduced within and across technicians and laboratories and, more importantly, that the data is translatable to the clinic. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey J Sukoff Rizzo
- Mouse Neurobehavioral Phenotyping Facility, Center for Biometric Analysis, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine
| | - Jill L Silverman
- MIND Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California
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8
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Enga RM, Jackson A, Damaj MI, Beardsley PM. Oxycodone physical dependence and its oral self-administration in C57BL/6J mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 789:75-80. [PMID: 27393461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abuse of prescription opioids, such as oxycodone, has markedly increased in recent decades. While oxycodone's antinociceptive effects have been detailed in several preclinical reports, surprisingly few preclinical reports have elaborated its abuse-related effects. This is particularly surprising given that oxycodone has been in clinical use since 1917. In a novel oral operant self-administration procedure, C57BL/6J mice were trained to self-administer water before introducing increasing concentrations of oxycodone (0.056-1.0mg/ml) under post-prandial conditions during daily, 3-h test sessions. As the concentration of oxycodone increased, the numbers of deliveries first increased, then decreased in an inverted U-shape fashion characteristic of the patterns of other drugs self-administered during limited access conditions. After post-prandial conditions were removed, self-administration at the highest concentration was maintained suggesting oral oxycodone served as a positive reinforcer. In other mice, using a novel regimen of physical dependence, mice were administered increasing doses of oxycodone (9.0-33.0mg/kg, s.c.) over 9 days, challenged with naloxone (0.1-10.0mg/kg, s.c.), and then observed for 30min. Naloxone dose-dependently increased the observed number of somatic signs of withdrawal, suggesting physical dependence of oxycodone was induced under this regimen. This is the first report demonstrating induction of oral operant self-administration of oxycodone and dose-dependent precipitations of oxycodone withdrawal in C57BL/6J mice. The use of oral operant self-administration as well as the novel physical dependence regimen provides useful approaches to further examine the abuse- and dependence-related effects of this highly abused prescription opioid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Enga
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 N. 12th Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Asti Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 N. 12th Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - M Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 N. 12th Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980310, Richmond, VA 23298-0310, USA
| | - Patrick M Beardsley
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 N. 12th Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980310, Richmond, VA 23298-0310, USA; Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1112 East Clay Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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9
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Kitanaka J, Kitanaka N, Hall FS, Uhl GR, Tanaka KI, Nishiyama N, Takemura M. Straub tail reaction in mice treated with σ(1) receptor antagonist in combination with methamphetamine. Brain Res 2012; 1482:40-6. [PMID: 22981417 PMCID: PMC3922199 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Straub tail reaction (STR) was observed in male ddY mice after simultaneous administration with BMY 14802 (a non-specific σ receptor antagonist) and methamphetamine (METH). The intensity and duration of STR depended on the dose of BMY 14802. The tail reaction was inhibited completely by (+)-SKF 10,047 (a putative σ(1) receptor agonist) and partially by PB 28 (a putative σ(2) receptor agonist). The STR was mimicked in mice treated with BD 1047 (a putative σ(1) receptor antagonist), but not SM-21, a putative σ(2) receptor antagonist, in combination with METH. STR evoked with BD 1047 plus METH was inhibited by (+)-SKF 10,047. STR induced by BMY 14802 and METH was abolished by naloxone (a relatively non-selective opioid receptor antagonist) or U-50,488H (a selective κ-agonist), suggesting that the STR may be mediated by activation of opioid receptor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Kitanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
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10
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Brown SM, Campbell SD, Crafford A, Regina KJ, Holtzman MJ, Kharasch ED. P-glycoprotein is a major determinant of norbuprenorphine brain exposure and antinociception. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2012; 343:53-61. [PMID: 22739506 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.112.193433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Norbuprenorphine is a major metabolite of buprenorphine and potent agonist of μ, δ, and κ opioid receptors. Compared with buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine causes minimal antinociception but greater respiratory depression. It is unknown whether the limited antinociception is caused by low efficacy or limited brain exposure. Norbuprenorphine is an in vitro substrate of the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (Mdr1), but the role of P-glycoprotein in norbuprenorphine transport in vivo is unknown. This investigation tested the hypothesis that limited norbuprenorphine antinociception results from P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux and limited brain access. Human P-glycoprotein-mediated transport in vitro of buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, and their respective glucuronide conjugates was assessed by using transfected cells. P-glycoprotein-mediated norbuprenorphine transport and consequences in vivo were assessed by using mdr1a(+/+) and mdr1a(-/-) mice. Antinociception was determined by hot-water tail-flick assay, and respiratory effects were determined by unrestrained whole-body plethysmography. Brain and plasma norbuprenorphine and norbuprenorphine-3-glucuronide were quantified by mass spectrometry. In vitro, the net P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux ratio for norbuprenorphine was nine, indicating significant efflux. In contrast, the efflux ratio for buprenorphine and the two glucuronide conjugates was unity, indicating absent transport. The norbuprenorphine brain/plasma concentration ratio was significantly greater in mdr1a(-/-) than mdr1a(+/+) mice. The magnitude and duration of norbuprenorphine antinociception were significantly increased in mdr1a(-/-) compared with mdr1a(+/+) mice, whereas the reduction in respiratory rate was similar. Results show that norbuprenorphine is an in vitro and in vivo substrate of P-glycoprotein. P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux influences brain access and antinociceptive, but not the respiratory, effects of norbuprenorphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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11
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Tramadol and another atypical opioid meperidine have exaggerated serotonin syndrome behavioural effects, but decreased analgesic effects, in genetically deficient serotonin transporter (SERT) mice. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2009; 12:1055-65. [PMID: 19275775 PMCID: PMC2750095 DOI: 10.1017/s146114570900011x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The serotonin syndrome is a potential side-effect of serotonin-enhancing drugs, including antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). We recently reported a genetic mouse model for the serotonin syndrome, as serotonin transporter (SERT)-deficient mice have exaggerated serotonin syndrome behavioural responses to the MAOI tranylcypromine and the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan (5-HTP). As numerous case reports implicate the atypical opioids tramadol and meperidine in the development of the human serotonin syndrome, we examined tramadol and meperidine as possible causative drugs in the rodent model of the serotonin syndrome in SERT wild-type (+/+), heterozygous (+/-) and knockout (-/-) mice. Comparisons were made with SERT mice treated with either vehicle or morphine, an opioid not implicated in the serotonin syndrome in humans. Here we show that tramadol and meperidine, but not morphine, induce serotonin syndrome-like behaviours in mice, and we show that this response is exaggerated in mice lacking one or two copies of SERT. The exaggerated response to tramadol in SERT-/- mice was blocked by pretreatment with the 5-HT1A antagonist WAY 100635. Further, we show that morphine-, meperidine- and tramadol-induced analgesia is markedly decreased in SERT-/- mice. These studies suggest that caution seems warranted in prescribing or not warning patients receiving SSRIs or MAOIs that dangerous side-effects may occur during concurrent use of tramadol and similar agents. These findings suggest that it is conceivable that there might be increased vulnerability in individuals with SERT polymorphisms that may reduce SERT by more than 50%, the level in SERT+/- mice.
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12
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Fantegrossi WE, Murnane KS, Reissig CJ. The behavioral pharmacology of hallucinogens. Biochem Pharmacol 2007; 75:17-33. [PMID: 17977517 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2007.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2007] [Revised: 07/11/2007] [Accepted: 07/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Until very recently, comparatively few scientists were studying hallucinogenic drugs. Nevertheless, selective antagonists are available for relevant serotonergic receptors, the majority of which have now been cloned, allowing for reasonably thorough pharmacological investigation. Animal models sensitive to the behavioral effects of the hallucinogens have been established and exploited. Sophisticated genetic techniques have enabled the development of mutant mice, which have proven useful in the study of hallucinogens. The capacity to study post-receptor signaling events has lead to the proposal of a plausible mechanism of action for these compounds. The tools currently available to study the hallucinogens are thus more plentiful and scientifically advanced than were those accessible to earlier researchers studying the opioids, benzodiazepines, cholinergics, or other centrally active compounds. The behavioral pharmacology of phenethylamine, tryptamine, and ergoline hallucinogens are described in this review, paying particular attention to important structure activity relationships which have emerged, receptors involved in their various actions, effects on conditioned and unconditioned behaviors, and in some cases, human psychopharmacology. As clinical interest in the therapeutic potential of these compounds is once again beginning to emerge, it is important to recognize the wealth of data derived from controlled preclinical studies on these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- William E Fantegrossi
- Division of Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Epstein DH, Preston KL, Jasinski DR. Abuse liability, behavioral pharmacology, and physical-dependence potential of opioids in humans and laboratory animals: lessons from tramadol. Biol Psychol 2006; 73:90-9. [PMID: 16497429 PMCID: PMC2943845 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2006.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of abuse potential of opioid analgesics has a long history in both laboratory animals and humans. This article reviews the methods used in animals and in humans and then presents the data collected in the evaluation of tramadol, an atypical centrally acting opioid analgesic approved for marketing in the United States in 1998. Finally, data on the abuse of tramadol from postmarketing surveillance and case reports are presented. The consistency between animal and human study results and the predictive value of both are discussed. Overall, there was substantial agreement between animal and human data, with each having predictive value. Nonetheless, it is suggested that abuse-potential screening of new medications would benefit from an organized, integrated cross-species program.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Epstein
- NIDA Intramural Research Program, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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14
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Lindsay TH, Jonas BM, Sevcik MA, Kubota K, Halvorson KG, Ghilardi JR, Kuskowski MA, Stelow EB, Mukherjee P, Gendler SJ, Wong GY, Mantyh PW. Pancreatic cancer pain and its correlation with changes in tumor vasculature, macrophage infiltration, neuronal innervation, body weight and disease progression. Pain 2005; 119:233-246. [PMID: 16298491 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2005.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2005] [Revised: 08/08/2005] [Accepted: 10/17/2005] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To begin to understand the relationship between disease progression and pain in pancreatic cancer, transgenic mice that develop pancreatic cancer due to the expression of the simian virus 40 large T antigen under control of the rat elastase-1 promoter were examined. In these mice precancerous cellular changes were evident at 6 weeks and these included an increase in: microvascular density, macrophages that express nerve growth factor and the density of sensory and sympathetic fibers that innervate the pancreas, with all of these changes increasing with tumor growth. In somatic tissue such as skin, the above changes would be accompanied by significant pain; however, in mice with pancreatic cancer, changes in pain-related behaviors, such as morphine-reversible severe hunching and vocalization only became evident at 16 weeks of age, by which time the pancreatic cancer was highly advanced. These data suggest that in mice as well as humans, there is a stereotypic set of pathological changes that occur as pancreatic cancer develops, and while weight loss generally tracks disease progression, there is a significant lag between disease progression and behaviors indicative of pancreatic cancer pain. Defining the mechanisms that mask this pain in early and mid-stage disease and drive the pain in late-stage disease may aid in earlier diagnosis, survival, and increased quality of life of patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore H Lindsay
- Neurosystems Center, 18-208 Moos Tower, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA Research Service, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA GRECC, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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15
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Fantegrossi WE, Harrington AW, Eckler JR, Arshad S, Rabin RA, Winter JC, Coop A, Rice KC, Woods JH. Hallucinogen-like actions of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-(n)-propylthiophenethylamine (2C-T-7) in mice and rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2005; 181:496-503. [PMID: 15983786 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-005-0009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2004] [Accepted: 03/28/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Few studies have examined the effects of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-(n)-propylthiophenethylamine (2C-T-7) in vivo. OBJECTIVES 2C-T-7 was tested in a drug-elicited head twitch assay in mice and in several drug discrimination assays in rats; 2C-T-7 was compared to the phenylisopropylamine hallucinogen R(-)-1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2aminopropane (DOM) in both assays, with or without pretreatment with the selective 5-HT2A antagonist (+)-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenylethyl)]-4-piperidine-methanol (M100907). Finally, the affinity of 2C-T-7 for three distinct 5-HT receptors was determined in rat brain. METHODS Drug-elicited head twitches were quantified for 10 min following administration of various doses of either 2C-T-7 or R(-)-DOM, with and without pretreatments of 0.01 mg/kg M100907. In rats trained to discriminate lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), 2C-T-7 and R(-)-DOM were tested for generalization. In further studies, rats were trained to discriminate 2C-T-7 from saline, then challenged with 0.05 mg/kg M100907. In competition binding studies, the affinity of 2C-T-7 was assessed at 5-HT2A receptors, 5-HT1A receptors, and 5-HT2C receptors. RESULTS 2C-T-7 and R(-)-DOM induced similar head twitch responses in the mouse that were antagonized by M100907. In the rat, 2C-T-7 produced an intermediate degree of generalization (75%) to the LSD cue and served as a discriminative stimulus; these interoceptive effects were attenuated by M100907. Finally, 2C-T-7 had nanomolar affinity for 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors and lower affinity for 5-HT1A receptors. CONCLUSIONS 2C-T-7 is effective in two rodent models of 5-HT2 agonist activity and has affinity at receptors relevant to hallucinogen effects. The effectiveness with which M100907 antagonizes the behavioral actions of 2C-T-7 strongly suggests that the 5-HT2A receptor is an important site of action for this compound.
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MESH Headings
- DOM 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine/pharmacology
- Animals
- Binding, Competitive
- Brain/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Generalization, Stimulus/drug effects
- Hallucinogens/pharmacology
- Illicit Drugs/pharmacology
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Lysergic Acid Diethylamide/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice
- Motor Activity/drug effects
- Phenethylamines/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred F344
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- William E Fantegrossi
- Division of Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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16
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Zarrindast MR, Ramezani-Tehrani B, Ghadimi M. Effects of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on morphine-induced Straub tail in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2002; 72:203-7. [PMID: 11900789 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-3057(01)00749-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Straub-tail behavior was induced by subcutaneous injection of different doses (10-60 mg/kg) of morphine to mice. The maximum response was obtained with 20-40 mg/kg of the drug. The response induced by morphine (40 mg/kg) was decreased by intraperitoneal administration of different doses of clonidine (0.05-0.1 mg/kg). Pretreatment of animals with yohimbine (1-4 mg/kg i.p.) reversed the inhibitory action of clonidine. Yohimbine did not elicit any response by itself. Administration of prazosin (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg) reduced the morphine response. The combination of prazosin with yohimbine (1 mg/kg), but not with clonidine (0.05 mg/kg), caused a potentiated inhibition of the morphine effect. Phenylephrine (2-6 mg/kg i.p.) did not elicit any effect by itself and also did not alter the response induced by morphine or morphine plus clonidine. Dobutamine (2.5-10 mg/kg i.p.), atenolol (2.5-10 mg/kg i.p.), salbutamol (2.5-10 mg/kg i.p.), and propranolol (2.5-10 mg/kg i.p.) did not alter morphine-induced Straub-tail behavior in mice. In conclusion, activation of alpha2-adrenergic pathways contributes to morphine-induced Straub tail, while alpha1- and beta2-adrenergic may not be involved in this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Florin S, Suaudeau C, Meunier JC, Costentin J. Nociceptin stimulates locomotion and exploratory behaviour in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 1996; 317:9-13. [PMID: 8982713 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(96)00707-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The recently characterized heptadecapeptide nociceptin, the endogenous agonist of the orphan opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL1 receptor), has been tested for its effects on locomotion and exploratory behaviour in mice. I.c.v. administration of as little as 10 ng of nociceptin/animal stimulated locomotor activity. This effect was dose-dependent, increasing in intensity up to 100 ng and in duration for doses in the range of 1000-10000 ng. The stimulation of horizontal locomotion elicited by 100 ng nociceptin was accompanied by a stimulation of the vertical component of locomotion. These effects were not reversed by high doses (1.5 and 4.5 mg/kg s.c.) of the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone. Increasing doses of the dopamine D2 receptor antagonist haloperidol (0.1-0.5 mg/kg i.p.) as well as of the dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH 23390 [R(+)-7-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1 H-3-benzazepine hydrochloride] (0.0075-0.03 mg/kg s.c.) reversed this effect, suggesting that nociceptin exerts its motor-stimulant actions by increasing central dopaminergic transmission. Nociceptin was also found to increase the number of head dips in the hole-board test, indicating that the peptide stimulates exploratory behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Florin
- Unité de Neuropsychopharmacologie Expérimentale (CNRS URA 1969), Institut Fédératif de Recherche Multidisciplinaire sur les Peptides, Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie de Rouen, Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France
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18
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Nath C, Gupta MB, Patnaik GK, Dhawan KN. Morphine-induced straub tail response: mediated by central mu2-opioid receptor. Eur J Pharmacol 1994; 263:203-5. [PMID: 7821354 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(94)90543-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The opioid receptor mechanism involved in the morphine induced straub tail response was investigated in mice. Morphine (2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg s.c.) produced a dose dependent straub tail response and analgesia (hot plate test). Naloxone (5 mg/kg s.c.) and the mu-opioid receptor antagonist beta-funaltrexamine (10 micrograms i.c.v.) blocked both the straub tail response and analgesia while the mu 1-opioid receptor selective antagonist naloxonazine (35 mg/kg s.c.) blocked only analgesia and did not affect the straub tail response. Morphine (20 micrograms) administered by the i.c.v. route also produced the straub tail response as well as analgesia. Pretreatment with naloxonazine (35 mg/kg s.c.) antagonised i.c.v. administered morphine induced analgesia while the straub tail response was not affected. The results indicate that the morphine induced straub analgesia while the straub tail response was not affected. The results indicate that the morphine induced straub tail response is mediated by central mu 2-opioid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nath
- Department of Pharmacology, K.G. Medical College, Lucknow, India
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19
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Aceto MD, Scates SM, Ji Z, Bowman ER. Nicotine's opioid and anti-opioid interactions: proposed role in smoking behavior. Eur J Pharmacol 1993; 248:333-5. [PMID: 8181540 DOI: 10.1016/0926-6917(93)90009-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine produced antinociception in mice which was antagonized noncompetitively by naloxone. In addition, at significantly lower doses, nicotine noncompetitively antagonized morphine-induced antinociception. A speculative suggestion regarding the opiatergic and anti-opiatergic actions of nicotine is that it significantly promotes and maintains smoking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Aceto
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0613
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20
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Mickley GA, Mulvihill MA, Postler MA. Brain mu and delta opioid receptors mediate different locomotor hyperactivity responses of the C57BL/6J mouse. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1990; 101:332-7. [PMID: 2163538 DOI: 10.1007/bf02244050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Morphine induces a dose-dependent stereotypic locomotor hyperactivity in the C57BL/6J mouse. Although morphine is the prototypical opioid mu receptor agonist, it also binds at delta sites. This has led to speculation as to which set(s) of receptor subtypes mediate opiate-induced locomotor hyperactivity. Here we use selective mu and delta receptor agonists as well as a sophisticated activity measuring apparatus to investigate the neuropharmacology of opioid-induced locomotion in the mouse. Male C57BL/6J mice were implanted with chronic bilateral cannula aimed at the lateral ventricles. Following recovery from surgery, mice received a series of bilateral 1 microliter intraventricular (i.vent.) injections of [D-Ala2-MePhe4-Glyol5]enkephalin (DAGO) (0.1, 1.0, 2.0 micrograms), [D-Pen2, D-Pen5] enkephalin (DPDPE) (2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 30.0 micrograms) (compounds with respective mu and delta opioid receptor selectivity), morphine sulfate (10.0, 20.0, 60.0 micrograms), or saline. Injections were separated by at least 3 days and were presented in a randomized order. We measured several locomotor parameters following each injection. DAGO, DPDPE and morphine each produced horizontal locomotor hyperactivity and lengthened the average distance per move. While morphine and DAGO significantly reduced vertical activity (rearing) and produced thigmotaxis (wall-hugging), DPDPE-injected mice were similar to controls on these locomotor parameters. These data reveal that mouse locomotor hyperactivity can be observed following injections of either morphine or more-selective opioid mu or delta receptor agonists. However, within the drug/dose regimens used here, we noticed qualitative differences in the locomotor topography produced by the selective mu and delta receptor agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Mickley
- Behavioral Sciences Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20814-5145
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21
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Murray CW, Cowan A. [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin, the standard delta opioid agonist, induces morphine-like behaviors in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1990; 102:425-6. [PMID: 2251341 DOI: 10.1007/bf02244117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
[D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin (DPDPE; 3-30 micrograms) and morphine (10 micrograms) both caused Straub tails, increased locomotion, and circling after ICV administration to ICR mice. DPDPE-induced tail stiffening was reduced when mice were pretreated with naloxone (0.5 mg/kg SC) or beta-funaltrexamine (10 micrograms ICV), but not with ICI 174864 (2 mg/kg SC), the selective antagonist at delta opioid receptors. These results point to (a) mu receptors mediating the tail stiffening and (b) the loss of delta receptor selectivity after 10 and 30 micrograms DPDPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Murray
- Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140
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22
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23
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Mickley GA, Stevens KE, White GA, Gibbs GL. Endogenous opiates mediate radiogenic behavioral change. Science 1983; 220:1185-7. [PMID: 6857244 DOI: 10.1126/science.6857244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of C57BL/6J mice to ionizing radiation caused stereotypical locomotor hyperactivity similar to that produced by morphine. Naloxone administration prevented this radiation-induced behavioral activation. These results support the hypothesis that endorphins are involved in some aspects of radiogenic behavioral change.
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Abstract
1 Morphine-induced mydriasis in mice is antagonized by nalorphine, levallorphan and naloxone in a dose-dependent manner. 2 The relative potency of the three agents is 10:56: 134 respectively, thus being in accordance with other tests of narcotic antagonism. Naloxone has the shortest duration of action. 3 When injected into naive animals, nalorphine (but not levallorphan or naloxone) produces a slight mydriasis. 4 Measurement of the diameter of the pupil in mice seems to be a precise, simple and rapid test for studying narcotic antagonist as well as agonist action and has several advantages over standard methods used for this purpose.
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25
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26
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Tallarida RJ, Cowan A, Adler MW. pA2 and receptor differentiation: a statistical analysis of competitive antagonism. Life Sci 1979; 25:637-54. [PMID: 388133 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(79)90505-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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27
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Katz RJ. Stress induced Straub tail elevation. Further behavioral evidence in rats for the involvement of endorphins in stress. Neurosci Lett 1979; 13:249-52. [PMID: 530476 DOI: 10.1016/0304-3940(79)91502-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats briefly immersed in cold water and forced to swim showed Straub tail elevation, a typical sign of opiate stimulation, upon removal. The presence of Straub tail was a function of degree of immersion and was reversed by naloxone. This suggests the Straub tail response may be a novel behavioral index of stress-induced endorphin release.
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28
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Lee HK, Chai CY, Wayner MJ, Kao LC. Naloxone antagonism of electrical stimulation induced tail erection in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1979; 11:227-9. [PMID: 504301 DOI: 10.1016/0091-3057(79)90018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tail erection was induced by focal electrical stimulation of the mesencephalic central gray through chronically implanted electrodes in mice. The response was current intensity dependent. Pretreatment with naloxone (5 mg/kg IP), a specific narcotic antagonist, abolished tail erection produced by low electrical current. In contrast, the tail response elicited by higher current was only partially blocked by naloxone. The results suggest that electrical stimulation induces tail erection by releasing an endogenous opioid peptide from the mesencephalic central gray.
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Spiehler VR, Randall LO. Agonist--antagonist properties of phenoxybenzamine in antinociception and opiate dependence tests. Eur J Pharmacol 1979; 55:389-95. [PMID: 572775 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(79)90113-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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30
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Lee HK, Chai CY, Wayner MJ, Kao LC, Chung PM. Mesencephalic central gray: locus of morphine and electrical stimulation induced tail erection. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1978; 9:221-6. [PMID: 714972 DOI: 10.1016/0091-3057(78)90168-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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31
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Lee KH, Chai CY, Wayner MJ, Chung PM, Hsu CH. Effects of neuroleptics on morphine-induced tail erection in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1977; 7:153-7. [PMID: 21420 DOI: 10.1016/0091-3057(77)90200-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Morphine elicits dose-dependent tail erection in mice. Pretreatment of mice with atropine, phenoxybenzamine, propranolol, diphenhydramine, cyproheptadine or parachlorophenylalanine did not interfere with tail erection induced by morphone. Several neuroleptic drugs which are dopamine receptor blocking agents showed a clear antagonistic effect on morphine-induced tail erection (MITE). Haloperidol and penfluridol blocked MITE at doses which only produced a slight behavioral depression. Pimozide and chlorpromazine were less antagonistic than haloperidol and penfluridol and inhibited MITE only at doses which produced a marked behavioral depression. Results indicated that dopamine might be involved in tail erection induced by morphine. MITE in mice might be a useful model for the evaluation of neuroleptic drugs.
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Abstract
The X-ray structures of 9 "opiate" drugs which exhibit a range of pharmacological activity have been examined in detail leading to the theory that one of the reasons why the enkephalins and related peptides possess morphine-like activity is because they have a tyrosine, and hence a "tyramine", residue at the amino terminal position. This residue or a conformationally similar moiety, can be shown to be present in many opiates and analogues.
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Frank GB. Two mechanisms for the meperidine block of action potential production in frog's skeletal muscle; non-specific and opiate drug receptor mediated blockade. J Physiol 1975; 252:585-601. [PMID: 1082025 PMCID: PMC1348485 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1975.sp011160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of meperidine and naloxone, and their interaction effects on action potential production in frog's sartorius muscle fibres, were studied with intracellular micro-electrode techniques. 1. Meperidine, a narcotic analgesic drug, depressed the rate of rise, the rate of fall and the amplitude of the action potentials. 2. At a meperidine concentration of 0-35 mM, the depression in the action potential maximum rate of rise followed a diphasic time course. At first there was a rapid reduction in the maximum rate of rise which was levelling off at about 60% of control 60-90 min after drug application. This was followed by the second phase during which there was an initial rapid decrease in the maximum rate of rise and all surface fibres were inexcitable by 180 min. 3. The addition of naloxone, a narcotic antagonist, in low concentrations (3 X 10(-5) to 3 X 10(-4) mM) at 70-90 min blocked the second phase of the meperidine-induced depression. 4. With lower concentrations of meperidine (0-18 and 0-07 mM) the depression usually developed more slowly (up to 6 hr with the latter dose) and the addition of low naloxone concentrations partially antagonized the effects of meperidine. However, under no conditions was it possible to completely antagonize the effects of meperidine by the addition of naloxone. 5. A linear relation was found between action potential amplitude and the action potential maximum rate of fall. 6. Meperidine caused a shift in the relation of rate of fall against amplitude to higher action potential amplitudes, indicating that the drug inhibited the increase in potassium conductivity (gK) associated with the falling phase of the action potential. 7. When low naloxone concentrations antagonized the effects of meperidine on the rate of rise and restored action potential amplitudes to control levels, the effect of meperidine on the maximum rate of fall was not antagonized. 8. Larger naloxone concentrations (1-5 X 10(-2) mM or more) depressed the action potential rate of rise but did not alter the relation between action potential amplitude and the maximum rate of fall. 9. It is proposed that meperidine blocks action potential production by two mechanisms: (i) a non-specific mechanism in which the increases in both gNa and gK ar depressed and (ii) an opiate drug receptor mediated mechanism causing a specific depression of gNa. 10. The impression gained from the results is that there are opiate drug receptors located on the inner surface of the muscle membrane associated with the 'sodium channels' and that drug activation of these receptors by either meperidine or high naloxone concentrations interferes with the opening of the 'sodium channels' normally produced by membrane depolarization.
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