1
|
Bisht D, Prakash D, Kumar R, Shakya AK, Shrivastava S. Phytochemical profiling and nephroprotective potential of ethanolic leaf extract of Polyalthia longifolia against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress in rat model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117922. [PMID: 38403004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kidney problems are becoming more common globally and are considered a major health issue in the modern world with high mortality rate. Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites is a tropical ethnomedicinal plant used to treat various diseases like diabetes, hypertension and urinary disorders and possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition of 70% ethanolic leaf extract of Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites (PL) and evaluates its nephroprotective effects against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The leaves of PL were extracted with 70% ethanol and performed the phytochemical profiling using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). The nephroprotective effect of PL leaf extract was evaluated at three doses (150, 300 and 600 mg/kg, p.o.) for 14 days against cisplatin toxicity (16 mg/kg, i.p., once) in male Wistar rats. Body and kidney weight indices, kidney function markers and lipid profile markers in serum, and oxidative stress markers in kidney tissue were performed along with the histopathological analysis of kidney. RESULTS The LC-MS chromatograph confirmed the presence of various phytocompounds include N-Methylhernagine (aporphine alkaloid), 4-Acetamidobutanoic acid (gamma amino acid) and choline, etc. in the PL leaf extract. Exposure of cisplatin (16 mg/kg, i.p., once only) to the animals significantly elevated the levels of kidney functional markers (i.e. serum urea, uric acid, creatinine) and the lipid markers (triglyceride and total cholesterol) in blood circulation with depletion of serum albumin which were reversed by the therapy of PL leaf extract (150, 300 and 600 mg/kg) in dose-dependent manner. The altered level of body and kidney weight in cisplatin treated group was also restored by the therapy. PL leaf extract effectively improved the antioxidant defense system of kidney at all doses by restoring the levels of tissue glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase with the dose-dependent reduction of lipid peroxidation against cisplatin-induced renal oxidative stress. The histopathological observations also showed the significant recovery in cellular morphology after PL treatment when compared to the cisplatin toxicity group. The highest dose 600 mg/kg of PL leaf extract showed more pronounced renal recovery (p < 0.001) followed by other two doses, which was similar to the silymarin treatment group (a reference drug) against nephrotoxicity. CONCLUSION The results of this study revealed the nephroprotective effects of PL leaves against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by reversing the level of biochemical markers and mitigating oxidative stress as well as improving the architecture of renal tissues. This renal protection by PL might be due to the synergistic effect of its phytoconstituents and antioxidant efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Bisht
- Biochemistry Discipline, School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi, India
| | - Deena Prakash
- Biochemistry Discipline, School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Shakya
- Biochemistry Discipline, School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi, India.
| | - Sadhana Shrivastava
- Central Instrumentation Facility, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khandelwal N, Pandey AR, Singh SP, Rai P, Gupta S, Kushwaha V, Singh A, Gaikwad AN, Sashidhara KV. 16-Hydroxy-ent-halima-5(10),13-dien-15,16-olide from Polyalthia longifolia targets adipogenesis by inhibiting mitotic clonal expansion and ameliorates dyslipidemia. Fitoterapia 2023; 170:105626. [PMID: 37516404 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Obesity-related metabolic disorders are increasing at an alarming rate worldwide. The FDA has approved many molecules for weight loss therapy; most of them act on the gut level by inhibiting lipid uptake or on the central nervous system by controlling appetite. Limitations and drawbacks have propelled the search for new pharmacophores exhibiting favourable metabolic alteration at adipocytes, and natural products have always been there to prove their worth. In our efforts, we have identified 16-hydroxy-ent-halima-5(10),13-dien-15,16-olide (PLH), a halimane diterpene isolated from Polyalthia longifolia, demonstrating anti-adipogenic and anti-dyslipidemic activity. It inhibited adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte and C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cell lines. Furthermore, it decreased set of adipogenic markers at transcript and protein levels. Cell cycle studies indicated that PLH halts the mitotic clonal expansion. Mechanistic studies shows that PLH activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to inhibit the adipogenesis. The study suggested that PLH inhibited adipogenesis during the early phase of differentiation by targeting mitotic clonal expansion and arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. It improved the dyslipidemic condition in HFD-fed hamsters by decreasing the body weight, fat mass, eWAT weight and improving the serum lipid profile. Overall, PLH has been found as a potential drug candidate and a pharmacophore for combating metabolic disorders including obesity and dyslipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Khandelwal
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Alka Raj Pandey
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Suriya Pratap Singh
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Prashant Rai
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sanchita Gupta
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Vinita Kushwaha
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Astha Singh
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Anil Nilkanth Gaikwad
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Koneni V Sashidhara
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India; Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, U.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pandey AR, Singh SP, Ramalingam K, Yadav K, Bisen AC, Bhatta RS, Srivastava M, Tripathi R, Goyal N, Sashidhara KV. Antileishmanial evaluation of triazole-butenolide conjugates: design, synthesis, in vitro screening, SAR and in silico ADME predictions. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:1131-1142. [PMID: 37360388 PMCID: PMC10285739 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00464j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the quest to discover novel scaffolds with leishmanicidal effects, a series of 23 compounds containing the most promising 1,2,3-triazole and highly potent butenolide in one framework were synthesized. The synthesized conjugates were screened against Leishmania donovani parasite; five of them showed moderate antileishmanial activity against promastigotes (IC50 30.6 to 35.5 μM) and eight of them exhibited significant activity against amastigotes (IC50 ≤12 μM). Compound 10u was found to be the most active (IC50 8.4 ± 0.12 μM) with the highest safety index (20.47). The series was further evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum (3D7 strain) and seven compounds were found to be moderately active. Among them, again 10u emerged as the most active compound (IC50 3.65 μM). In antifilarial assays against adult female Brugia malayi, five compounds showed grade II inhibition (50-74%). Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis suggested a substituted phenyl ring, triazole and butenolide as essential structural features for bioactivity. Moreover, the results of in silico ADME parameter and pharmacokinetic studies indicated that the synthesized triazole-butenolide conjugates abide by the required criteria for the development of orally active drugs, and thus this scaffold can be used as a pharmacologically active framework that should be considered for the development of potential antileishmanial hits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alka Raj Pandey
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road Lucknow 226031 U.P India +91 522 2771942/2771970 +91 522 2772450, ext. 4684
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road Lucknow 226031 U.P India
| | - Suriya Pratap Singh
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road Lucknow 226031 U.P India +91 522 2771942/2771970 +91 522 2772450, ext. 4684
| | - Karthik Ramalingam
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road Lucknow 226031 U.P India
| | - Kanchan Yadav
- Division of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow 226031 U.P India
| | - Amol Chhatrapati Bisen
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow 226031 U.P India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 U.P India
| | - Rabi Sankar Bhatta
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow 226031 U.P India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 U.P India
| | - Mrigank Srivastava
- Division of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow 226031 U.P India
| | - Renu Tripathi
- Division of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow 226031 U.P India
| | - Neena Goyal
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road Lucknow 226031 U.P India
| | - Koneni V Sashidhara
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road Lucknow 226031 U.P India +91 522 2771942/2771970 +91 522 2772450, ext. 4684
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road Lucknow 226031 U.P India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 U.P India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pandey AR, Singh SP, Joshi P, Srivastav KS, Srivastava S, Yadav K, Chandra R, Bisen AC, Agrawal S, Sanap SN, Bhatta RS, Tripathi R, Barthwal MK, Sashidhara KV. Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel pyrrole-hydroxybutenolide hybrids as promising antiplasmodial and anti-inflammatory agents. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 254:115340. [PMID: 37054559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
In the pursuance of novel scaffolds with promising antiplasmodial and anti-inflammatory activity, a series of twenty-one compounds embraced with most promising penta-substituted pyrrole and biodynamic hydroxybutenolide in single skeleton was designed and synthesized. These pyrrole-hydroxybutenolide hybrids were evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum parasite. Four hybrids 5b, 5d, 5t and 5u exhibited good activity with IC50 of 0.60, 0.88, 0.97 and 0.96 μM for chloroquine sensitive (Pf3D7) strain and 3.92, 4.31, 4.21 and 1.67 μM for chloroquine resistant (PfK1) strain, respectively. In vivo efficacy of 5b, 5d, 5t and 5u was studied against the P. yoelii nigeriensis N67 (a chloroquine-resistant) parasite in Swiss mice at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 4 days via oral route. 5u was found to show maximum 100% parasite inhibition with considerably increased mean survival time. Simultaneously, the series of compounds was screened for anti-inflammatory potential. In preliminary assays, nine compounds showed more than 85% inhibition in hu-TNFα cytokine levels in LPS stimulated THP-1 monocytes and seven compounds showed more than 40% decrease in fold induction in reporter gene activity analyzed via Luciferase assay. 5p and 5t were found to be most promising amongst the series, thus were taken up for further in vivo studies. Wherein, mice pre-treated with them showed a dose dependent inhibition in carrageenan induced paw swelling. Moreover, the results of in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters indicated that the synthesized pyrrole-hydroxybutenolide conjugates abide by the required criteria for the development of orally active drug and thus this scaffold can be used as pharmacologically active framework that should be considered for the development of potential antiplasmodial and anti-inflammatory agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alka Raj Pandey
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P, India
| | - Suriya Pratap Singh
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Prince Joshi
- Division of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P, India
| | - Kunwar Satyadeep Srivastav
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P, India
| | - Smriti Srivastava
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Kanchan Yadav
- Division of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Amol Chhatrapati Bisen
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P, India
| | - Sristi Agrawal
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P, India
| | - Sachin Nashik Sanap
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P, India
| | - Rabi Sankar Bhatta
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P, India
| | - Renu Tripathi
- Division of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Barthwal
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P, India
| | - Koneni V Sashidhara
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India; Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, U.P, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Majumder N, Banerjee A, Saha S. A review on new natural and synthetic anti-leishmanial chemotherapeutic agents and current perspective of treatment approaches. Acta Trop 2023; 240:106846. [PMID: 36720335 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniases are considered among the most neglected yet dangerous parasitic diseases worldwide. According to the recent WHO report (Weekly Epidemiological Record, Sep, 2021), 200 countries and territories reported leishmanises cases in 2020; of which 89 (45%) for CL, and 79 (40%) for VL were endemic. Indian subcontinent (India, Bangladesh and Nepal), one of the three eco-epidemiological hotspots of VL, currently reported 18% of the total cases of VL worldwide. Eastern Mediterranean region and the Region of the Americas together reported >90% of the new CL cases, of which >80% were from Afghanistan, Algeria, Brazil, Colombia, Iraq, Pakistan and the Syrian Arab Republic. While considering the current therapeutic options, conventional anti-leishmanial drugs have long been proved to be toxic and/or expensive and have resulted in extensive drug resistance in India. Recent searches for novel anti-leishmanial drugs have led to find out the prime cellular targets and metabolic pathways to bridge the gap between the known facts and unexplored data. Cutting edge knowledge based drug designing has simplified the search for novel molecules with leishmanicidal efficacy by identifying ligand-receptor interactions and has accelerated the cost effective primary discovery of molecules through computational validation against Leishmaniases. This review focuses on the limitations of conventional drugs, and discusses the chemotherapeutic potential of many novel natural and synthetic anti-leishmanial agents reported since the last decade. It is also interpreted that some of the reported molecules might be tested singly or as a part of combinatorial therapy on pre-clinical and clinical level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjana Majumder
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, 731235 West Bengal, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Department of Zoology, Bangabasi College, 19 Rajkumar Chakraborty Sarani, Kolkata, 700009 West Bengal, India
| | - Samiran Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, 731235 West Bengal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mohamadi N, Sharifi I, Afgar A, Sharififar F, Sharifi F. Antileishmanial Effects of Bunium Persicum Crude Extract, Essential Oil, and Cuminaldehyde on Leishmania Major: In Silico and In Vitro Properties. Acta Parasitol 2023; 68:103-113. [PMID: 36434380 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-022-00642-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cuminaldehyde (CA), an oxidized aldehyde monoterpene, is a major essential oil component in cumin seeds, which has shown different promising medical effects. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated the antileishmanial potential of Bunium persicum (Boiss) B. Fedtsch (Apiaceae) and one of its main essential oil constituents, CA, focus on the mechanisms of action. METHODS We used a molecular docking approach to examine the capability of CA for binding to IL-12P40 and TNF-α. The colorimetric assay was performed to assess the effect of B. persicum crude extract, essential oil, and CA, against Leishmania major promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. The expression of IFN-γ, IL-12P40, TNF-α, and IL-10 genes was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction qPCR. RESULTS Docking analyses in the current study indicated CA binds to IL-12P40 and TNF-α. These products were safe, extremely antileishmanial, and significantly promoted Th1-related cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-12P40, TNF-α), while downregulating the Th2 phenotype (IL-10). CONCLUSION Cumin essential oil and its major component, CA, possessed powerful antileishmanial activity. The primary mechanism of activity involves an immunomodulatory role toward Th1 cytokine response. Therefore, cumin essential oil and CA deserve further explorations as promising medications for treating leishmaniasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Mohamadi
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Afgar
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fariba Sharififar
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sharifi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Novel Aporphine- and Proaporphine-Clerodane Hybrids Identified from the Barks of Taiwanese Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites var. pendula with Strong Anti-DENV2 Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101218. [PMID: 36297330 PMCID: PMC9610793 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid natural products produced via mixed biosynthetic pathways are unique and often surprise one with unexpected medicinal properties in addition to their fascinating structural complexity/diversity. In view of chemical structures, hybridization is a way of diversifying natural products usually through dimerization of two similar or dissimilar subcomponents through a C-C or N-C covalent linkage. Here, we report four structurally attractive diterpene-alkaloid conjugates polyalongarins A-D (1-4), clerodane-containing aporphine and proaporphine alkaloids, the first of its kind from the barks of Taiwanese Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites var. pendula. In addition to conventional spectroscopic analysis, single crystal X-ray crystallography was employed to determine the chemical structures and stereo-configurations of 1. Compounds 1-4 were subsequently subjected to in vitro antiviral examination against DENV2 by evaluating the expression level of the NS2B protein in DENV2-infected Huh-7 cells. These compounds display encouraging anti-DENV2 activity with superb EC50 (2.8-6.4 μM) and CC50 values (50.4-200 μM). The inhibitory mechanism of 1-4 on NS2B was further explored drawing on in-silico molecular docking analysis. Based on calculated binding affinities and predicted interactions between the functional groups of 1-4 and the allosteric-site residues of the DENV2 NS2B-NS3 protease, our analysis concludes that the clerodane-aporphine/proaporphine-type hybrids are novel and effective DENV NS2B-NS3 protease inhibitors.
Collapse
|
8
|
Polyalthia longifolia: phytochemistry, ethnomedicinal importance, nutritive value, and pharmacological activities review. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02917-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
9
|
Effects of terpenes in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis: a systematic review of preclinical evidence. Pharmacol Res 2022; 177:106117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
10
|
Chen YC, Chen CI, Chang CY, Huang BM, Chen YC. Clerodane diterpene induces apoptosis/anoikis and suppresses migration and invasion of human bladder cancer cells through the histone deacetylases, integrin–focal adhesion kinase, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 signalling pathways. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221143040. [DOI: 10.1177/09603271221143040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Clerodane diterpene, a class of bicyclic diterpenoids, is found in hundreds of plant species. 16-hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide (CD) can be isolated from the plant Polyalthia longifolia and has been applied against oral cancer and glioma by xenograft model. In this study, we aim to explore its antitumour action by examining its histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and integrin-associated intracellular signalling pathway on T24 human bladder cancer (BC) cells. Our results revealed that CD-inhibited colony formation, HDAC activity, HDAC (1, 2 and 3) mRNA and cell spreading on fibronectin-coated surfaces in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, decreased cFLIP and increased caspase-8 cleavage accompanied CD-induced cell death. At non-toxic concentrations, CD blocked the migration and invasion of T24 cells. CD hindered migration and invasion by the downregulation of fibronectin, integrin α5 β1, β-catenin, FAK, vinculin and Rho A, as well as by reduction of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3 β (pGSK3 β), pSrc, pstat3 and pNF κB. We observed that the MMP9 gene was closely linked with prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. MMP9 protein levels and activity were largely attenuated by CD in a concentration-dependent manner. In conclusion, CD-induced caspase-8-dependent apoptosis and suppressed migration and invasion by blocking several intracellular signalling pathways, including downregulation of HDAC activity and integrin–FAK and MMP9 pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Chen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-I Chen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bu-Miin Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chia Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Clerodane Diterpenoids from an Edible Plant Justicia insularis: Discovery, Cytotoxicity, and Apoptosis Induction in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195933. [PMID: 34641476 PMCID: PMC8512812 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The toxicity of chemotherapeutic anticancer drugs is a serious issue in clinics. Drug discovery from edible and medicinal plants represents a promising approach towards finding safer anticancer therapeutics. Justicia insularis T. Anderson (Acanthaceae) is an edible and medicinal plant in Nigeria. This study aims to discover cytotoxic compounds from this rarely explored J. insularis and investigate their underlying mechanism of action. METHODS The cytotoxicity of the plant extract was evaluated in human ovarian cancer cell lines and normal human ovarian surface epithelia (HOE) cells using a sulforhodamine B assay. Bioassay-guided isolation was carried out using column chromatography including HPLC, and the isolated natural products were characterized using GC-MS, LC-HRMS, and 1D/2D NMR techniques. Induction of apoptosis was evaluated using Caspase 3/7, 8, and 9, and Annexin V and PI based flow cytometry assays. SwissADME and SwissTargetPrediction web tools were used to predict the molecular properties and possible protein targets of identified active compounds. Key finding: The two cytotoxic compounds were identified as clerodane diterpenoids: 16(α/β)-hydroxy-cleroda-3,13(14)Z-dien-15,16-olide (1) and 16-oxo-cleroda-3,13(14)E-dien-15-oic acid (2) from the Acanthaceous plant for the first time. Compound 1 was a very abundant compound (0.7% per dry weight of plant material) and was shown to be more potent than compound 2 with IC50 values in the micromolar range against OVCAR-4 and OVCAR-8 cancer cells. Compounds 1 and 2 were less cytotoxic to HOE cell line. Both compounds induced apoptosis by increasing caspase 3/7 activities in a concentration dependent manner. Compound 1 further increased caspase 8 and 9 activities and apoptosis cell populations. Compounds 1 and 2 are both drug like, and compound 1 may target various proteins including a kinase. CONCLUSIONS Clerodane diterpenoids (1 and 2) in J. insularis were identified as cytotoxic to ovarian cancer cells via the induction of apoptosis, providing an abundant and valuable source of hit compounds for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Collapse
|
12
|
Nguyen MV, Han JW, Le Dang Q, Ryu SM, Lee D, Kim H, Choi GJ. Clerodane Diterpenoids Identified from Polyalthia longifolia Showing Antifungal Activity against Plant Pathogens. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:10527-10535. [PMID: 34469148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the search for new natural resources showing plant disease control effects, we found that the methanol extract of Polyalthia longifolia suppressed fungal disease development in plants. To identify the bioactive substances, the methanol extract of P. longifolia was extracted by organic solvents, and consequently, four new 2-oxo-clerodane diterpenes (1-4), a new 4(3 → 2)-abeo-clerodane diterpene (5), together with ten known compounds (6-16) were isolated and identified from the extracts. Of the new compounds, compound 2 showed a broad spectrum of antifungal activity with moderated minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in a range of 50-100 μg/mL against tested fungal pathogens. Considering with the known compounds, compound 6 showed the most potent antifungal activity with an MIC value in the range of 6.3-12.5 μg/mL. When compound 6 was evaluated for an in vivo antifungal activity against rice blast, tomato late blight, and pepper anthracnose, compound 6 reduced the plant disease by at least 60% compared to the untreated control at concentrations of 250 and 500 μg/mL. Together, our results suggested that the methanol extract of twigs and leaves of P. longifolia and its major compound 6 could be used as a source for the development of eco-friendly plant protection agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minh Van Nguyen
- Center for Eco-Friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Jae Woo Han
- Center for Eco-Friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Quang Le Dang
- Research and Development Center of Bioactive Compounds, Vietnam Institute of Industrial Chemistry, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Seung Mok Ryu
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju 58245, Korea
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hun Kim
- Center for Eco-Friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Gyung Ja Choi
- Center for Eco-Friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen YC, Chia YC, Huang BM. Phytochemicals from Polyalthia Species: Potential and Implication on Anti-Oxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Cancer, and Chemoprevention Activities. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175369. [PMID: 34500802 PMCID: PMC8433920 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyalthia belong to the Annonaceae family and are a type of evergreen tree distributed across many tropical and subtropical regions. Polyalthia species have been used long term as indigenous medicine to treat certain diseases, including fever, diabetes, infection, digestive disease, etc. Recent studies have demonstrated that not only crude extracts but also the isolated pure compounds exhibit various pharmacological activities, such as anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-tumor, anti-cancer, etc. It is known that the initiation of cancer usually takes several years and is related to unhealthy lifestyle, as well as dietary and environmental factors, such as stress, toxins and smoking. In fact, natural or synthetic substances have been used as cancer chemoprevention to delay, impede, or even stop cancer growing. This review is an attempt to collect current available phytochemicals from Polyalthia species, which exhibit anti-cancer potentials for chemoprevention purposes, providing directions for further research on the interesting agents and possible clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chia Chen
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Chia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, TaJen University, Pingtung 90741, Taiwan;
| | - Bu-Miin Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-06-2353535 (ext. 5337); Fax: +886-06-2093007
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Di Q, Zhao X, Zhang R, Ma X, Liang X, Li X, Gao J, Tang H, Chen W, Xiao W. Novel clerodane-type diterpenoid Cintelactone A suppresses lipopolysaccharide -induced inflammation by promoting ubiquitination, proteasomal degradation of TRAF6. Pharmacol Res 2021; 164:105386. [PMID: 33352228 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cellular inflammation is the underlying cause of several diseases and development of a safe and effective anti-inflammatory drug is need-of-the hour for treatment of diseases like lung inflammation. Callicarpa integerrima Champ. is a well-known herbal medicine with hemostatic and anti-inflammatory functions. However, the exact ingredient exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity in C. integerrima Champ. is largely unknown. Here, we first isolated, purified and characterized a novel clerodane-type diterpenoid Cintelactone A (CA) from C. integerrima Champ. We demonstrated that CA could significantly inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators production both in mouse peritoneal macrophages and THP1 cells. Consistently, CA also relieved inflammation and reduced LPS-induced lung injury in mice. We systematically elucidated the mechanism of action as well. CA interacted with Arg78 of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) by hydrogen bonding. It further promoted the K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of TRAF6, and suppressed the activation of NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways. Collectively, our study reveals that new clerodane-type diterpenoid CA suppresses LPS-induced inflammation by promoting TRAF6 degradation, suggesting that CA as the potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of inflammation associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Di
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xibao Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ruihan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Xingyu Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xinxin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Junbo Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Haimei Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Weilin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Weilie Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ungogo MA, Ebiloma GU, Ichoron N, Igoli JO, de Koning HP, Balogun EO. A Review of the Antimalarial, Antitrypanosomal, and Antileishmanial Activities of Natural Compounds Isolated From Nigerian Flora. Front Chem 2020; 8:617448. [PMID: 33425860 PMCID: PMC7786139 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.617448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The West African country Nigeria features highly diverse vegetation and climatic conditions that range from rain forest bordering the Atlantic Ocean in the South to the Desert (Sahara) at the Northern extreme. Based on data from the World Conservation Monitoring Center of the United Nations Environmental Protection, Nigeria, with ~5,000 documented vascular plants, ranks amongst the top 50 countries in terms of biodiversity. Such a rich biodiversity implies that the country is rich in diverse secondary metabolites-natural products/unique chemicals produced by the plant kingdom to confer selective advantages to them. Like many tropical countries, Nigeria is also endemic to numerous infectious diseases particularly those caused by parasitic pathogens. These phytochemicals have been exploited for the treatment of diseases and as a result, a new branch of chemistry, natural product chemistry, has evolved, to try to reproduce and improve the therapeutic qualities of particular phytochemicals. In this review, we have compiled a compendium of natural products, isolated from Nigerian flora, that have been reported to be effective against certain protozoan parasites with the aim that it will stimulate interests for further investigations, and give impetus to the development of the natural products into registered drugs. In total 93 structurally characterized natural compounds have been identified with various levels of anti-parasite activity mainly from Nigerian plants. The synthesis protocol and molecular target for some of these natural anti-parasite agents have been established. For instance, the anti-plasmodial compound fagaronine (7), a benzophenanthridine alkaloid from Fagara zanthoxyloides has been successfully synthesized in the laboratory, and the anti-trypanosomal compound azaanthraquinone (55) elicits its effect by inhibiting mitochondrial electron transfer in trypanosomes. This review also discusses the barriers to developing approved drugs from phytochemicals, and the steps that should be taken in order to accelerate the development of new antiparasitics from the highlighted compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marzuq A. Ungogo
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Godwin U. Ebiloma
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
| | - Nahandoo Ichoron
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - John O. Igoli
- Phytochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Harry P. de Koning
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuel O. Balogun
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
- Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology (ACENTDFB), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen YC, Wang PY, Huang BM, Chen YJ, Lee WC, Chen YC. 16-Hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide Induces Apoptosis in Human Bladder Cancer Cells through Cell Cycle Arrest, Mitochondria ROS Overproduction, and Inactivation of EGFR-Related Signalling Pathways. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173958. [PMID: 32872665 PMCID: PMC7504739 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A clerodane diterpene compound 16-hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide (CD) is considered a therapeutic agent with pharmacological activities. The present study investigated the mechanisms of CD-induced apoptosis in T24 human bladder cancer cells. CD inhibited cell proliferation in a concentration and time-dependent manner. CD-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, associated with reduced expression of Bcl-2 and increased levels of cytosolic cytochrome c, cleaved PARP-1 and caspase-3. In addition, CD treatment led to cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and inhibited expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinases 2 and 4 and led to increased levels of p21, p27Kip1 and p53. All of these events were accompanied with a reduction of pEGFR, pMEK1/2, pERK1/2, pAkt, pmTOR, pP70S6K1, HIF-1α, c-Myc and VEGF. RNAseq-based analysis revealed that CD-induced cell death was characterised by an increased expression of stress and apoptotic-related genes as well as inhibition of the cell cycle-related genes. In summary, CD induces apoptosis in T24 bladder cancer cells through targeting multiple intracellular signaling pathways as a result of oxidative stress and cell cycle arrest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Chen
- Department of Urology, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 824410, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 824410, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Wang
- Department of Paediatric Emergency, Changhua Christian Children Hospital, Changhua 500209, Taiwan;
| | - Bu-Miin Huang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Resen Biomedical Informatics, Inc., Taipei 100043, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Chang Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan;
| | - Yung-Chia Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan;
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Raj S, Sasidharan S, Balaji SN, Dubey VK, Saudagar P. Review on natural products as an alternative to contemporary anti-leishmanial therapeutics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42485-020-00035-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
18
|
Sharma A, Biharee A, Kumar A, Jaitak V. Antimicrobial Terpenoids as a Potential Substitute in Overcoming Antimicrobial Resistance. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 21:1476-1494. [PMID: 32433003 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200520103427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There was a golden era where everyone thought that microbes can no longer establish threat to humans but the time has come where microbes are proposing strong resistance against the majority of antimicrobials. Over the years, the inappropriate use and easy availability of antimicrobials have made antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to emerge as the world's third leading cause of death. Microorganisms over the time span have acquired resistance through various mechanisms such as efflux pump, transfer through plasmids causing mutation, changing antimicrobial site of action, or modifying the antimicrobial which will lead to become AMR as the main cause of death worldwide by 2030. In order to overcome the emerging resistance against majority of antimicrobials, there is a need to uncover drugs from plants because they have proved to be effective antimicrobials due to the presence of secondary metabolites such as terpenoids. Terpenoids abundant in nature are produced in response to microbial attack have huge potential against various microorganisms through diverse mechanisms such as membrane disruption, anti-quorum sensing, inhibition of protein synthesis and ATP. New approaches like combination therapy of terpenoids and antimicrobials have increased the potency of treatment against various multidrug resistant microorganisms by showing synergism to each other.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Sharma
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab-151001, India
| | - Avadh Biharee
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab-151001, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab-151001, India
| | - Vikas Jaitak
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab-151001, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lupeol induces immunity and protective efficacy in a murine model against visceral leishmaniasis. Parasitology 2019; 146:1440-1450. [DOI: 10.1017/s0031182019000659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe available chemotherapeutics for the cure of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are linked with many detrimental effects. Moreover, VL is associated with the suppression of protective Th1 immune response of the host and induction of disease exaggerating Th2 immune response. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement of therapeutics which can augment the immune status of the host to cure this disease. In the current investigation, the antileishmanial potential of lupeol was monitored in vitro and in vivo in inbred BALB/c mice against Leishmania donovani. Lupeol showed potent antipromastigote activity via arresting parasites at sub G0/G1 phase in vitro. Lupeol significantly decreased the splenic parasite burden by inducing strong delayed-type hypersensitivity responses in contrary to untreated infected animals. The therapeutic efficacy of lupeol was observed to be similar to the reference drug, AmB. Treatment of infected animals with lupeol depicted enhanced levels of T cells and Th1 cytokines in contrast to only infected controls. Further lupeol treatment upregulated the levels of nuclear factor κ B and nitric oxide synthase genes and elevated the production of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide. Unlike AmB, lupeol-treated infected animals did not show any toxicity. These findings are promising and indicate that lupeol can serve as a prototype drug for the cure of VL.
Collapse
|
20
|
Yao LJ, Jalil J, Attiq A, Hui CC, Zakaria NA. The medicinal uses, toxicities and anti-inflammatory activity of Polyalthia species (Annonaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 229:303-325. [PMID: 30316887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polyalthia is one of the largest and notable genera in Annonaceae family. Polyalthia species have been widely used in folklore medicine for the treatment of rheumatic fever, gastrointestinal ulcer and generalized body pain. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies on Polyalthia Species have also corroborated the significant anti-inflammatory potential of its extracts and secondary metabolites. AIM OF THE STUDY This review is an attempt to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of Polyalthia species by giving critical appraisal and establishing evidences of their traditional uses. Moreover this review will highlight the lead compounds for future drug development that can serve as a potential anti-inflammatory drug with comparative efficacy and minimum side effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS An extensive literature review, focusing the anti-inflammatory potential of Polyalthia species was conducted using the following databases:PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Ovid, Scopus and ProQuest, as well as the locally available books, journals and relevant documents. The reference lists of retrieved papers were also searched for additional studies. RESULTS The Polyalthia species have shown significant anti-inflammatory activity through various mechanism of action. The most significant anti-inflammatory mechanism includes the inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), prostaglandins (PGs), pro-inflammatory cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The data suggests that hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide and 16-oxocleroda-3,13-dien-15-oic acid, quercetin, rutin, spinasterol, α-spinasterol, goniothalamin and (-)-5-hydroxygoniothalamin are the most potent anti-inflammatory compounds from Polyalthia species with comparable IC50 with positive controls. CONCLUSIONS Numerous pharmacological studies have supported the use of Polyalthia species against pain, rheumatic fever, haemorrhages and inflammation in traditional medicine. Flavonoids, diterpenoids, sterols and styrylpyrones from genus Polyalthia are the most significant class of compounds with potent anti-inflammatory activity. Secondary metabolites from these classes should be brought into further research to fill the gaps of knowledge in pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, bioavailability, and toxicity in order to convert the pre-clinical results into clinical data for further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lui Jin Yao
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Juriyati Jalil
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ali Attiq
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chiew Chia Hui
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Aimi Zakaria
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen YC, Huang BM, Lee WC, Chen YC. 16-Hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide induces anoikis in human renal cell carcinoma cells: involvement of focal adhesion disassembly and signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:7679-7690. [PMID: 30464516 PMCID: PMC6217210 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s173378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clerodane diterpene, 16-hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide (CD) isolated from Polyalthia longifolia Benth. & Hook. f. var. pendula was found to be a potential apoptotic inducer in human leukemia, lung cancer, and colon cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanism remains elusive in renal system. Thus, in the present study, the regulatory mechanisms of CD-induced apoptosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cells were investigated. Materials and methods Cell proliferation was evaluated by colony formation assay and cell cycle analyses. Protein expressions of focal adhesion (FA) related complexes were examined by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analyses. Cell migration and invasion capabilities of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells were determined by wound healing and Transwell assays. Results CD inhibited cell colony formations, induced cell arrest at G2/M phase, and increased subG1 cell population both in 786-O and A-498. During CD treatment, the “rounded-up” cells were observed. The immune-staining of phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (pFAK), vinculin, and paxillin displayed disassembly of the FA. Moreover, disruption of actin stress fibers was noted after CD treatment. Consistent with the findings, the expressions of pSrc, pFAK, FAK, vinculin, vimentin, and paxillin were all downregulated by CD. In addition, CD attenuated cell migration and invasion activities accompanied by the reductions of pNF-κB, matrix metallo-proteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 as well as vascular endothelial growth factor expressions. Conclusion CD induced cell cycle arrest, FA complex disassembly, and the inactivation of migratory-related signaling pathways to induce apoptosis in ccRCC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Chen
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bu-Miin Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chang Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,
| | - Yung-Chia Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, .,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ouattara ZA, Yapi TA, Boti JB, Ahibo CA, Békro YA, Mamyrbékova-Békro AJ, Casanova J, Tomi F, Bighelli A. Chemical composition of leaf oil from Polyalthia longifolia (Sonnerat) Thwait. grown in Côte d’Ivoire. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2017.1422810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zana Adama Ouattara
- Equipe Chimie et Biomasse, UMR 6134 SPE, Université de Corse-CNRS, Ajaccio, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-Organique et de Substances Naturelles, UFR-SFA, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Thierry Acafou Yapi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Biologique, UFR-SSMT, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Jean Brice Boti
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Biologique, UFR-SSMT, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Coffy Antoine Ahibo
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Biologique, UFR-SSMT, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Yves-Alain Békro
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-Organique et de Substances Naturelles, UFR-SFA, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Akhanovna J. Mamyrbékova-Békro
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-Organique et de Substances Naturelles, UFR-SFA, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Joseph Casanova
- Equipe Chimie et Biomasse, UMR 6134 SPE, Université de Corse-CNRS, Ajaccio, France
| | - Félix Tomi
- Equipe Chimie et Biomasse, UMR 6134 SPE, Université de Corse-CNRS, Ajaccio, France
| | - Ange Bighelli
- Equipe Chimie et Biomasse, UMR 6134 SPE, Université de Corse-CNRS, Ajaccio, France
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ebiloma GU, Katsoulis E, Igoli JO, Gray AI, De Koning HP. Multi-target mode of action of a Clerodane-type diterpenoid from Polyalthia longifolia targeting African trypanosomes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4613. [PMID: 29545637 PMCID: PMC5854603 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22908-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have made remarkable contributions to drug discovery and therapy. In this work we exploited various biochemical approaches to investigate the mode of action of 16-α-hydroxy-cleroda-3,13 (14)-Z-dien-15,16-olide (HDK-20), which we recently isolated from Polyalthia longifolia, on Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream trypomastigotes. HDK20 at concentrations ≥ EC50 (0.4 μg/ml) was trypanocidal, with its effect irreversible after only a brief exposure time (<1 h). Fluorescence microscopic assessment of DNA configuration revealed severe cell cycle defects after 8 h of incubation with the compound, the equivalent of a single generation time. This was accompanied by DNA fragmentation as shown by Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP Nick-End Labelling (TUNEL) assays. HDK-20 also induced a fast and profound depolarisation of the parasites’ mitochondrial membrane potential and depleted intracellular ATP levels of T. brucei. Overall, HDK20 showed a multi-target mechanism of action, which provides a biochemical explanation for the promising anti-trypanosomatid activity in our previous report.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Godwin U Ebiloma
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria
| | - Evangelos Katsoulis
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - John O Igoli
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Alexander I Gray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Harry P De Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu C, Lee WC, Huang BM, Chia YC, Chen YC, Chen YC. 16-Hydroxycleroda-3, 13-dien-15, 16-olide inhibits the proliferation and induces mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis through Akt, mTOR, and MEK-ERK pathways in human renal carcinoma cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 36:95-107. [PMID: 29157834 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is well known that it cannot be treated with traditional chemotherapy or radiotherapy. 16-Hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide (CD), isolated from Polyalthia longifolia Benth. & Hook. f. var. pendula had been reported to display significant efficacy against cancer cell lines. PURPOSE To determine the anti-tumour activities of CD in two clear cell type RCC (ccRCC) cell lines (A-498 and 786-O). In addition, the underlying mechanisms were also examined. METHODS The cell viabilities of CD-treated ccRCC cells were examined by MTT assay. The apoptotic features were confirmed by acridine orange and ethidium bromide staining. 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate was used to check reactive oxygen species (ROS) involvement. Mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) were determined by using fluorescent dyes, rhodamine 123 and 5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethyl benzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1). Proapoptotic, anti-apoptotic proteins and intracellular signaling molecules involved in CD-induced apoptosis were examined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS CD inhibited both 786-O and A-498 cell proliferation and induced a series apoptotic characteristics expressions, ROS accumulation, caspase-3 activation as well as poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage in both ccRCC cells. Additionally, CD caused MMP reduction and cytochrome c release from mitochondria as well as inhibition of anti-apoptotic proteins, including B cell lymphoma 2 and heat shock protein 70. Mechanically, we address that CD suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis via induction of FOXO3a as well as decreased phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR, MEK/ERK and their downstream molecules, cMyc and hypoxia inducible factor 2α expression in a concentration- and time-dependent trend. CONCLUSION CD caused cell death through ROS overproduction and induction of mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway in ccRCC cells that accompanied with multiple oncogenic signals inactivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Center and Division of Plastic Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chang Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bu-Miin Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Chia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ta-Jen University, Ping Tung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Chen
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chia Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lipid lowering agents of natural origin: An account of some promising chemotypes. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 140:331-348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
26
|
Jesus JA, Fragoso TN, Yamamoto ES, Laurenti MD, Silva MS, Ferreira AF, Lago JHG, Santos-Gomes G, Passero LFD. Therapeutic effect of ursolic acid in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2017; 7:1-11. [PMID: 27984757 PMCID: PMC5156607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is an important neglected tropical disease, affecting more than 12 million people worldwide. The available treatments are not well tolerated and present diverse side effects in patients, justifying the search for new therapeutic compounds. In the present study, the therapeutic potential and toxicity of ursolic acid (UA), isolated from the leaves of Baccharis uncinella C. DC. (Asteraceae), were evaluated in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of UA, hamsters infected with L. (L.) infantum were treated daily during 15 days with 1.0 or 2.0 mg UA/kg body weight, or with 5.0 mg amphotericin B/kg body weight by intraperitoneal route. Fifteen days after the last dose, the parasitism of the spleen and liver was stimated and the main histopathological alterations were recorded. The proliferation of splenic mononuclear cells was evaluated and IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10 gene expressions were analyzed in spleen fragments. The toxicity of UA and amphotericin B were evaluated in healthy golden hamsters by histological analysis and biochemical parameters. Animals treated with UA had less parasites in the spleen and liver when compared with the infected control group, and they also showed preservation of white and red pulps, which correlate with a high rate of proliferation of splenic mononuclear cells, IFN-γ mRNA and iNOS production. Moreover, animals treated with UA did not present alterations in the levels of AST, ALT, creatinine and urea. Taken together, these findings indicate that UA is an interesting natural compound that should be considered for the development of prototype drugs against visceral leishmaniasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica A Jesus
- Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of São Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455. Cerqueira César, São Paulo, 01246-903, SP, Brazil; Center of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, São Paulo, 09210-180, Brazil
| | - Thais N Fragoso
- Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of São Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455. Cerqueira César, São Paulo, 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo S Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of São Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455. Cerqueira César, São Paulo, 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcia D Laurenti
- Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of São Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455. Cerqueira César, São Paulo, 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo S Silva
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, 384, 59012-570 Natal, Brazil
| | - Aurea F Ferreira
- Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of São Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455. Cerqueira César, São Paulo, 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - João Henrique G Lago
- Center of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, São Paulo, 09210-180, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Santos-Gomes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, 384, 59012-570 Natal, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe D Passero
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, São Vicente, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900 São Vicente, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hazra S, Ghosh S, Hazra B. Phytochemicals With Antileishmanial Activity. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63931-8.00008-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
28
|
Barros de Alencar MVO, de Castro E Sousa JM, Rolim HML, de Medeiros MDGF, Cerqueira GS, de Castro Almeida FR, Citó AMDGL, Ferreira PMP, Lopes JAD, de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante AA, Islam MT. Diterpenes as lead molecules against neglected tropical diseases. Phytother Res 2016; 31:175-201. [PMID: 27896890 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are reported to be present everywhere. Poor and developing areas in the world have received great attention to NTDs. Drug resistance, safety profile, and various challenges stimulate the search for alternative medications. Plant-based drugs are viewed with great interest, as they are believed to be devoid of side effects. Diterpenes, a family of essential oils, have showed attractive biological effects. A systematic review of the literature was carried out to summarize available evidences of diterpenes against NTDs. For this, databases were searched using specific search terms. Among the 2338 collected reports, a total of 181 articles were included in this review. Of them, 148 dealt with investigations using single organisms, and 33 used multiple organisms. No mechanisms of action were reported in the case of 164 reports. A total of 93.92% were related to nonclinical studies, and 4.42% and 1.66% dealt with preclinical and clinical studies, respectively. The review displays that many diterpenes are effective upon Chagas disease, chikungunya, echinococcosis, dengue, leishmaniasis, leprosy, lymphatic filariasis, malaria, schistosomiasis, and tuberculosis. Indeed, diterpenes are amazing drug candidates against NTDs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Picos, (Piauí), 64.607-670, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Hercília Maria Lins Rolim
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Freire de Medeiros
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Santos Cerqueira
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center for Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí (LAFFEX), Parnaíba, Piauí, 64.218-470, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Regina de Castro Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Antônia Maria das Graças Lopes Citó
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Paulo Michel Pinheiro Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Md Torequl Islam
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy, Southern University Bangladesh, Mehedibag, Chittagong, 4000, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kumar R, Saha A, Saha D. Biotransformation of 16-oxacleroda-3,13(14)E-dien-15-oic acid isolated from Polyalthia longifolia by Rhizopus stolonifer increases its antifungal activity. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2016.1247824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramashish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, North Bengal University, Siliguri, India and
| | - Aniruddha Saha
- Department of Botany, North Bengal University, Siliguri, India
| | - Dipanwita Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, North Bengal University, Siliguri, India and
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jaiswal AK, Rao KB, Kushwaha P, Rawat K, Modukuri RK, Khare P, Joshi S, Mishra S, Rai A, Sashidhara KV, Dube A. Development of Leishmania donovani stably expressing DsRed for flow cytometry-based drug screening using chalcone thiazolyl-hydrazone as a new antileishmanial target. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2016; 48:695-702. [PMID: 27876275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Green fluorescent protein produces significant fluorescence and is extremely stable, however its excitation maximum is close to the ultraviolet range and thus can damage living cells. Hence, Leishmania donovani stably expressing DsRed were developed and their suitability for flow cytometry-based antileishmanial screening was assessed by evaluating the efficacies of standard drugs as well as newly synthesised chalcone thiazolyl-hydrazone compounds. The DsRed gene was successfully integrated at the 18S rRNA locus of L. donovani and transfectants (LdDsRed) were selected using hygromycin B. Enhanced expression of DsRed and a high level of infectivity to J774A.1 macrophages were achieved, which was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Furthermore, these LdDsRed transfectants were utilised for development of an in vitro screening assay using the standard antileishmanial drugs miltefosine, amphotericin B, pentamidine and paromomycin. The response of transfectants to standard drugs correlated well with previous reports. Subsequently, the suitability of this system was further assessed by screening a series of 18 newly synthesised chalcone thiazolyl-hydrazone compounds in vitro for their antileishmanial activity, wherein 8 compounds showed moderate antileishmanial activity. The most active compound 5g, with ca. 73% splenic parasite reduction, exerted its activity via generating nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species and inducing apoptosis in LdDsRed-infected macrophages. Thus, these observations established the applicability of LdDsRed transfectants for flow cytometry-based antileishmanial screening. Further efforts aimed at establishing a high-throughput screening assay and determining the in vivo screening of potential antileishmanial leads are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Jaiswal
- Division of Parasitology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - K Bhaskara Rao
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Pragati Kushwaha
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Keerti Rawat
- Division of Parasitology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Ram K Modukuri
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Prashant Khare
- Division of Parasitology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Sumit Joshi
- Division of Parasitology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Shikha Mishra
- Division of Parasitology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Ambak Rai
- Division of Parasitology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Koneni V Sashidhara
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
| | - Anuradha Dube
- Division of Parasitology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ullah N, Nadhman A, Siddiq S, Mehwish S, Islam A, Jafri L, Hamayun M. Plants as Antileishmanial Agents: Current Scenario. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1905-1925. [PMID: 27704633 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nazif Ullah
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences; Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan; Mardan Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Nadhman
- Sulaiman Bin Abdullah Aba Al Khail Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (SA-CIRBS); International Islamic University; Islamabad 44000 Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Siddiq
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences; Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan; Mardan Pakistan
| | - Shaila Mehwish
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences; Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan; Mardan Pakistan
| | - Arshad Islam
- Laboratório de Immunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, (NUPEB), Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto; Ouro Preto Minas Gerais 35.400-000 Brazil
| | - Laila Jafri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences; Bahauddin Zakariya University; Multan Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamayun
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences; Abdul Wali Khan University; Mardan Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Slutskyy Y, Jamison CR, Lackner GL, Müller DS, Dieskau AP, Untiedt NL, Overman LE. Short Enantioselective Total Syntheses of trans-Clerodane Diterpenoids: Convergent Fragment Coupling Using a trans-Decalin Tertiary Radical Generated from a Tertiary Alcohol Precursor. J Org Chem 2016; 81:7029-35. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Slutskyy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Christopher R. Jamison
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Gregory L. Lackner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Daniel S. Müller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - André P. Dieskau
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Nicholas L. Untiedt
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Larry E. Overman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gupta VK, Tiwari N, Gupta P, Verma S, Pal A, Srivastava SK, Darokar MP. A clerodane diterpene from Polyalthia longifolia as a modifying agent of the resistance of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:654-661. [PMID: 27161406 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus infections are raising serious concern across the world. The effectiveness of conventional drugs is continuously decreasing due to global emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) and therefore, new resistance-modifying agents (RMAs) are highly needed. HYPOTHESIS Clerodane diterpene 16α-hydroxycleroda-3,13(14)-Z-dien-15,16-olide (CD) from leaves of Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites (Annonaceae) as RAM will be useful in improving the current treatment strategies for staphylococcal infections. STUDY DESIGN In the present study, we determine the resistance-modifying activity of CD using clinical isolates of MRSA. Further, the influence of CD on innate immune response was also evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The nature of potential interactions was determined by fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICIs) calculated from microdilution assays and time-kill curves. RESULTS The result of in vitro combination study showed that CD significantly reduced MIC of fluoroquinolones up to 16-folds (FICI 0.315-0.500), while in S. aureus infected Swiss albino mice model, combination of CD with norfloxacin, significantly (p<0.01, p<0.001) lowered the systemic microbial burden in blood, liver, kidney, lung and spleen tissues in comparison to CD, norfloxacin alone as well as untreated control. Flow cytometry analysis clearly showed that CD significantly inhibited EtBr efflux and extended post-antibiotic effect. In qRT-PCR analysis, CD alone as well as in combination, significantly modulated the expression of various efflux pump genes including norA up to 2-fold in clinical isolate MRSA-ST2071. Further, the in vitro combination study of the CD (10, 5, 2.5µg/ml) along with the norfloxacin (10µg/ml) depicted a significant decline in the pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL6 and TNF-α. In septic shock mice model, CD did not exhibit any significant changes in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION This is the first report on drug resistance-modifying potential of CD through inhibition of MDR efflux pump.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Gupta
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow-226015, India
| | - Nimisha Tiwari
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow-226015, India
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow-226015, India
| | - Surjeet Verma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow-226015, India
| | - Anirban Pal
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow-226015, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Srivastava
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow-226015, India
| | - Mahendra Pandurang Darokar
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow-226015, India.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
A new sesquiterpenoid (‒)-ethyl dihydrophaseate (1) was isolated from the stems and leaves of Polyalthia petelotii, together with two clerodane diterpenoids, 16α-hydroxycleroda-3,13(14)Z-dien-15,16-olide (2), 15-hydroxy-cis-ent-cleroda-3,13(E)-diene (3), a eudesmane sesquiterpenoid, eudesm-4(15)-ene-7α,11-diol (4), an aromatic aldehyde, vanillin (5), a bisisoquinolines alkaloid, spinosine (6) and an aporphine alkaloid, (‒)-oliveroline-β-N-oxide (7). Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 2D-NMR techniques. Compounds 3, 4 and 6 were isolated from the genus Polyalthia for the first time and the others obtained originally from P. petelotii. The isolates were assessed for their cytotoxicity against five human tumour lines (HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7 and SW-480), and the result showed that only 2 displayed weak inhibitory activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caiqiong Yang
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Yunnan Normal University , Kunming , China
| | - Wei Peng
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Yunnan Normal University , Kunming , China
| | - Bijuan Yang
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Yunnan Normal University , Kunming , China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Yunnan Normal University , Kunming , China
| | - Yegao Chen
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Yunnan Normal University , Kunming , China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Gbedema SY, Bayor MT, Annan K, Wright CW. Clerodane diterpenes from Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn) Thw. var. pendula: Potential antimalarial agents for drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum infection. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 169:176-182. [PMID: 25914039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance is a major public health challenge in sub-Sahara Africa. Many people are now resorting to the use of herbs in managing malaria due to the increasing treatment failures with the conventional drugs. In this study the ethanolic extract of Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn) Thw. var. pendula, a variety fondly used in folklore medicine in Ghana was investigated for potential antimalarial drug development. METHOD The ethanolic extract of P. longifolia (Sonn) Thw. var. pendula stem bark was screened against the multidrug resistant, K1 strain of P. falciparum by the parasite lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) assay and a good antiplasmodial activity (IC50 22.04± 4.23µg/ml) was observed which led to further chromatographic analysis in search for actives. RESULTS Bioassay guided fractionation of the extract yielded; three clerodane diterpenes [16-hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-16,15-olide (1), 16-oxocleroda-3,13E-dien-15-oic acid (2) and 3,16-dihydroxycleroda-4(18),13(14)Z-dien-15,16-olide (3)], a steroid [beta-stigmasterol (4)] and two alkaloids [darienine (5) and stepholidine (6)]. While compounds 4, 5 and 6 exhibited weak antiplasmodial activity (IC50 22-105µg/ml), the clerodane diterpenes exhibited significantly potent (p<0.005) blood schizonticidal activity (IC50: 3-6µg/ml). This is the first report of the antiplasmodial activity of compounds 2 and 3. In combination assay with chloroquine, compounds 1, 2, 3 and 5 antagonized the antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine while 4 and 6 demonstrated a synergistic action. CONCLUSION The potent antiplasmodial activity of the extract of P. longifolia (Sonn) Thw. var. pendula and compounds therein strongly suggests its usefulness as an antimalarial agent and supports its inclusion or exploitation in formulations of herbal remedies for malaria in Ghana.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Y Gbedema
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, UK.
| | - Marcel T Bayor
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Kofi Annan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Colin W Wright
- School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, UK
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Clerodane type diterpene as a novel antifungal agent from Polyalthia longifolia var. pendula. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 94:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
37
|
Rodrigues KADF, Amorim LV, Dias CN, Moraes DFC, Carneiro SMP, Carvalho FADA. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels essential oil and its major constituent α-pinene exhibit anti-Leishmania activity through immunomodulation in vitro. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 160:32-40. [PMID: 25460590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (Myrtaceae), commonly known as "jambolão" in Brazil is widely used in folk medicine against leishmaniasis, inflammation, chronic diarrhea, and ulcers. It is one of the most commonly used plants for the treatment of diabetes worldwide. In previous studies, Syzygium cumini was shown to possess antihyperlipidemic and anti-allergic properties, and to exhibit good performance as an antimicrobial agent against bacteria, fungi, and protozoa parasites of the genus Leishmania and Trypanosoma. This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of S. cumini essential oil (ScEO) and its major component α-pinene on Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, as well as their cytotoxicity and possible mechanisms of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS To evaluate the anti-proliferative effect on Leishmania, effects on promastigote and axenic amastigote forms were assessed using tetrazolium salt (MTT) assay. The intramacrophagic amastigotes were exposed to ScEO and α-pinene to determine the survival index. To gain insight into the mechanism of action involved in the effect on the samples, we evaluated the modulation of macrophage activation state by observing structural (phagocytic and lysosomal activities) and cellular (nitric oxide increase) changes. To assess the safety profile of ScEO and α-pinene, murine macrophages and human red blood cells were treated with ScEO and α-pinene and the selectivity index was calculated for each treatment. RESULTS α-Pinene was effective against Leishmania amazonensis promastigote forms, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 19.7µg/mL. α-Pinene was more active (IC50 values of 16.1 and 15.6µg/mL against axenic and intracellular amastigotes, respectively) than ScEO (IC50 values of 43.9 and 38.1µg/mL against axenic and intracellular amastigotes, respectively). Our results showed that the anti-Leishmania effects were mediated by immunomodulatory activity, as evidenced by the observed increases in both phagocytic and lysosomal activity, and the elevated NO levels. ScEO and α-pinene exhibited low cytotoxicity against murine macrophages and human erythrocytes. The 50% cytotoxicity concentration (CC50) values for the macrophages in the MTT assay were 614.1 and 425.2µg/mL for ScEO and α-pinene, respectively, while the corresponding half-maximal hemolytic concentration (HC50) values were 874.3 and 233.3µg/mL. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the results demonstrate that ScEO and its major constituent α-pinene have significant anti-Leishmania activity, modulated by macrophage activation, with acceptable levels of cytotoxicity in murine macrophages and human erythrocytes. Further work is warranted, involving more in-depth mechanistic studies and in vivo investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Layane Valéria Amorim
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
| | - Clarice Noleto Dias
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy II, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Maranhão, 65085-580 São Luís, MA, Brazil.
| | | | - Sabrina Maria Portela Carneiro
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Müller DS, Untiedt NL, Dieskau AP, Lackner GL, Overman LE. Constructing Quaternary Stereogenic Centers Using Tertiary Organocuprates and Tertiary Radicals. Total Synthesis of trans-Clerodane Natural Products. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:660-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja512527s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Müller
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1102 Natural
Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Nicholas L. Untiedt
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1102 Natural
Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - André P. Dieskau
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1102 Natural
Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Gregory L. Lackner
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1102 Natural
Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Larry E. Overman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1102 Natural
Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nagle A, Khare S, Kumar AB, Supek F, Buchynskyy A, Mathison CJN, Chennamaneni N, Pendem N, Buckner FS, Gelb M, Molteni V. Recent developments in drug discovery for leishmaniasis and human African trypanosomiasis. Chem Rev 2014; 114:11305-47. [PMID: 25365529 PMCID: PMC4633805 DOI: 10.1021/cr500365f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Advait
S. Nagle
- Genomics
Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Shilpi Khare
- Genomics
Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Arun Babu Kumar
- Departments of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Medicine, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Frantisek Supek
- Genomics
Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Andriy Buchynskyy
- Departments of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Medicine, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Casey J. N. Mathison
- Genomics
Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Naveen
Kumar Chennamaneni
- Departments of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Medicine, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Nagendar Pendem
- Departments of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Medicine, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Frederick S. Buckner
- Departments of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Medicine, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Michael
H. Gelb
- Departments of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Medicine, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Valentina Molteni
- Genomics
Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ouattara ZA, Boti JB, Ahibo AC, Sutour S, Casanova J, Tomi F, Bighelli A. The key role of13C NMR analysis in the identification of individual components ofPolyalthia longifolialeaf oil. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zana A. Ouattara
- Université de Corse-CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Equipe Chimie et Biomasse; Route des Sanguinaires; 20000 Ajaccio France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Biologique, UFR-SSMT; Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny; BPV 34 Abidjan Ivory Coast
| | - Jean Brice Boti
- Université de Corse-CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Equipe Chimie et Biomasse; Route des Sanguinaires; 20000 Ajaccio France
| | - Antoine Coffy Ahibo
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Biologique, UFR-SSMT; Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny; BPV 34 Abidjan Ivory Coast
| | - Sylvain Sutour
- Université de Corse-CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Equipe Chimie et Biomasse; Route des Sanguinaires; 20000 Ajaccio France
| | - Joseph Casanova
- Université de Corse-CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Equipe Chimie et Biomasse; Route des Sanguinaires; 20000 Ajaccio France
| | - Félix Tomi
- Université de Corse-CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Equipe Chimie et Biomasse; Route des Sanguinaires; 20000 Ajaccio France
| | - Ange Bighelli
- Université de Corse-CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Equipe Chimie et Biomasse; Route des Sanguinaires; 20000 Ajaccio France
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hussain H, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Green IR, Gibbons S. Fruitful decade for antileishmanial compounds from 2002 to late 2011. Chem Rev 2014; 114:10369-428. [PMID: 25253511 DOI: 10.1021/cr400552x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hidayat Hussain
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa , P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Induction of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in Leishmania donovani by orally active clerodane diterpene. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 58:5916-28. [PMID: 25070112 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02459-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the mechanistic aspects of cell death induced by a clerodane diterpene (K-09) in Leishmania donovani promastigotes that was previously demonstrated to be safe and orally active against visceral leishmaniasis (VL). K-09 caused depolarization of the mitochondrion and the generation of reactive oxygen species, triggering an apoptotic response in L. donovani promastigotes. Mitochondrial dysfunction subsequently resulted in the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol, impairing ATP production. Oxidative stress caused the depletion of reduced glutathione, while pretreatment with antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) was able to abrogate oxidative stress. However, NAC failed to restore the mitochondrial membrane potential or intracellular calcium homeostasis after K-09 treatment, suggesting that the generation of oxidative stress is a downstream event relative to the other events. Caspase-3/-7-like protease activity and genomic DNA fragmentation were observed. Electron microscopy studies revealed gross morphological alterations typical of apoptosis, including severe mitochondrial damage, pyknosis of the nucleus, structural disruption of the mitochondrion-kinetoplast complex, flagellar pocket alterations, and the displacement of organelles. Moreover, an increased number of lipid droplets was detected after K-09 treatment, which is suggestive of altered lipid metabolism. Our results indicate that K-09 induces mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress-mediated apoptotic cell death in L. donovani promastigotes, sharing many features with metazoan apoptosis. These mechanistic insights provide a basis for further investigation toward the development of K-09 as a potential drug candidate for VL.
Collapse
|
43
|
Dai DN, Thang TD, Ogunwande IA. Chemical composition of essential oils from the leaves and stem barks of Vietnamese species of Polyalthia harmandii, Polyalthia jucunda and Polyalthia thorelii. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:555-62. [PMID: 24520907 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.886209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This article reports the chemical components identified in the essential oil from the leaf and stem barks of Polyalthia harmandii (Pierre) Fin. and Gagnep., Polyalthia jucunda (Pierre) Fin. and Gagnep. and Polyalthia thorelii (Pierre) Fin. and Gagnep. The compounds identified in all the samples were α-pinene (0.2-3.2%), myrcene (0.3-4.1%), (E)-β-ocimene (0.2-9.6%), bicycloelemene (0.2-18.0%), β-elemene (0.3-4.9%), β-caryophyllene (0.1-17.8%), germacrene D (4.4-20.1%), bicyclogermacrene (4.2-27.9%) and δ-cadinene (0.2-4.5%). Besides, benzyl benzoate (9.7%) and ishwarane (8.0%), respectively, were the other prominent compounds in the leaf and stem of P. harmandii. In addition, δ-3-carene (8.2%), α-amorphene (6.5%), β-phellandrene (5.5%) and β-pinene (5.1%) were identified in P. jucunda leaf, while sabinene (30.9%) and β-phellandrene (10.2%) occurred largely in the stem. Moreover, γ-elemene (22.3% and 12.3%), germacrene D (10.5% and 6.9%) and spathulenol (9.1% and 11.8%) were identified in the leaf and stem of P. thorelii, while α-terpinene (7.8%) and β-gurjunene (5.2%) were identified only in the leaf oil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Do N Dai
- a Faculty of Chemistry , Vinh University , 182-Le Duan, Vinh , Nghean , Vietnam
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
In vivo efficacy and synergistic interaction of 16α-hydroxycleroda-3, 13 (14) Z-dien-15, 16-olide, a clerodane diterpene from Polyalthia longifolia against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:9121-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5154-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
45
|
Porto TS, da Silva Filho AA, Magalhães LG, dos Santos RA, Furtado NAJC, Arakawa NS, Said S, de Oliveira DCR, Gregório LE, Rodrigues V, Veneziani RCS, Ambrósio SR. Fungal Transformation and Schistosomicidal Effects of Pimaradienoic Acid. Chem Biodivers 2012; 9:1465-74. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201100336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
46
|
Sashidhara KV, Singh SP, Srivastava A, Puri A, Chhonker YS, Bhatta RS, Shah P, Siddiqi MI. Discovery of a new class of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor from Polyalthia longifolia as potential lipid lowering agent. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:5206-11. [PMID: 21872367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Revised: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koneni V Sashidhara
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Chattar Manzil Palace, M.G. Marg, Lucknow 226001, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sen R, Chatterjee M. Plant derived therapeutics for the treatment of Leishmaniasis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 18:1056-69. [PMID: 21596544 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Revised: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Diseases caused by insect borne trypanosomatid parasites are significant, yet remain a neglected public health problem. Leishmania, a unicellular protozoan parasite is the causative organism of Leishmaniasis and is transmitted by female phlebotamine sandflies affecting millions of people worldwide. In the wake of resistance to pentavalent antimonial drugs, new therapeutic alternatives are desirable. The plant kingdom has in the past provided several affordable compounds and this review aims to provide an overview of the current status of available leishmanicidal plant derived compounds that are effective singly or in combination with conventional anti-leishmanial drugs, yet are non toxic to mammalian host cells. Furthermore, delineation of the contributory biochemical mechanisms involved in mediating their effect would help develop new chemotherapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rupashree Sen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, 244 B, Acharya JC Bose Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700020, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Bhatta RS, Kumar D, Chhonker YS, Kumar D, Singh SP, Sashidhara KV, Jain GK. Simultaneous estimation of 16α-hydroxycleroda-3,13(14) Z-dien-15,16-olide from Polyalthia longifolia and its metabolite in hamster plasma: application to pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2011; 26:559-65. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. S. Bhatta
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division; Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR; Post Box 173; Lucknow; 226001; India
| | - Devendra Kumar
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division; Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR; Post Box 173; Lucknow; 226001; India
| | - Y. S. Chhonker
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division; Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR; Post Box 173; Lucknow; 226001; India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division; Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR; Post Box 173; Lucknow; 226001; India
| | - Suriya P. Singh
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division; Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR; Post Box 173; Lucknow; 226001; India
| | - Koneni V. Sashidhara
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division; Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR; Post Box 173; Lucknow; 226001; India
| | - G. K. Jain
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division; Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR; Post Box 173; Lucknow; 226001; India
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mondal S, Bhattacharya P, Ali N. Current diagnosis and treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2010; 8:919-44. [PMID: 20695748 DOI: 10.1586/eri.10.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Human visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a potentially fatal disease, is most prevalent in the Indian subcontinent, East Africa and South America. Definite diagnosis and effective treatment are the primary needs for the control of VL. Diagnosis of VL has typically relied on microscopic examination of bone marrow/splenic aspirate, but serology and molecular methods are now better alternatives. The conventional drugs for treatment of VL have limitations including unresponsiveness, relapse, specific toxicities and parenteral administration lasting for long durations. Moreover, they are less effective in HIV-VL-coinfected patients. Registration of miltefosine and paromomycin, and preferential pricing of AmBisome has offered more choices for monotherapy and combination therapy for VL. Combination therapy will increase treatment efficacy and prevent the development of resistance. In addition, active case finding and vector control strategies will also have a positive impact in the control of VL. This article critically addresses the currently available diagnostic and treatment regimens for the control of VL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Smriti Mondal
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|