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Han Y, Xi J, Zhang P, Gong M, Luo T, Shao F, Li Y, Zhong L, Quan H. 5(S)-5-Carboxystrictosidine from the Root of Mappianthus iodoides Ameliorates H2O2-induced Apoptosis in H9c2 Cardiomyocytes via PI3K/AKT and ERK Pathways. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:885-895. [PMID: 38857860 DOI: 10.1055/a-2341-6175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
5(S)-5-carboxystrictosidine (5-CS) is a compound found in the root of Mappianthus iodoides, a traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of coronary artery disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of 5-CS against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and the underlying mechanisms. 5-CS pretreatment significantly protected against H2O2-induced cell death, LDH leakage, and malondialdehyde (MDA) production, which are indicators for oxidative stress injury. 5-CS also enhanced the activity of SOD and CAT. In addition, 5-CS pretreatment significantly inhibited H2O2-induced apoptosis, as determined by flow cytometer, suppressed the activity of caspase-3 and caspase-9, and attenuated the activation of cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9. 5-CS also increased Akt and ERK activation altered by H2O2 using Western blot analysis. The PI3K-specific inhibitor LY294002 abolished 5-CS-induced Akt activation. The ERK-specific inhibitor PD98059 abolished 5-CS-induced ERK activation. Both LY294002 and PD98059 attenuated the protective effect of 5-CS on H9c2 cardiomyocytes against H2O2-induced apoptosis and cell death. Taken together, these results demonstrate that 5-CS prevents H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury in H9c2 cells by enhancing the activity of the endogenous antioxidant enzymes, inhibiting apoptosis, and modulating PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Department of Physiology, College of Chinese Medicine and Life Science, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Psychology of TCM and Brain Science, Jiangxi Administration of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Junli Xi
- Department of Physiology, College of Chinese Medicine and Life Science, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Puzhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Innovation Drug and Efficient Energy-saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ming Gong
- Department of Physiology, College of Chinese Medicine and Life Science, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Blood Purification Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Feng Shao
- Key Laboratory of Innovation Drug and Efficient Energy-saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yongxin Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Chinese Medicine and Life Science, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Lingyun Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hexiu Quan
- Department of Physiology, College of Chinese Medicine and Life Science, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
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Wang Z, Zhang G, Hu S, Fu M, Zhang P, Zhang K, Hao L, Chen S. Research progress on the protective effect of hormones and hormone drugs in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116764. [PMID: 38805965 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a condition where the heart muscle does not receive enough blood flow, leading to cardiac dysfunction. Restoring blood flow to the coronary artery is an effective clinical therapy for myocardial ischemia. This strategy helps lower the size of the myocardial infarction and improves the prognosis of patients. Nevertheless, if the disrupted blood flow to the heart muscle is restored within a specific timeframe, it leads to more severe harm to the previously deprived heart tissue. This condition is referred to as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). Until now, there is a dearth of efficacious strategies to prevent and manage MIRI. Hormones are specialized substances that are produced directly into the circulation by endocrine organs or tissues in humans and animals, and they have particular effects on the body. Hormonal medications utilize human or animal hormones as their active components, encompassing sex hormones, adrenaline medications, thyroid hormone medications, and others. While several studies have examined the preventive properties of different endocrine hormones, such as estrogen and hormone analogs, on myocardial injury caused by ischemia-reperfusion, there are other hormone analogs whose mechanisms of action remain unexplained and whose safety cannot be assured. The current study is on hormones and hormone medications, elucidating the mechanism of hormone pharmaceuticals and emphasizing the cardioprotective effects of different endocrine hormones. It aims to provide guidance for the therapeutic use of drugs and offer direction for the examination of MIRI in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Gaojiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Shan Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Meilin Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Pingyuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Liying Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
| | - Sichong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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Menezes-Rodrigues FS, de Oliveira MP, Araújo EA, Ferraz HB, Finsterer J, Olszewer E, Taha MO, Scorza CA, Caricati-Neto A, Scorza FA. Role of cardiac β 1-adrenergic and A 1-adenosine receptors in severe arrhythmias related to Parkinson's disease. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2023; 78:100243. [PMID: 37459671 PMCID: PMC10757299 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Although reduced life expectancy in Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients has been related to severe cardiac arrhythmias due to autonomic dysfunctions, its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. To investigate the role of cardiac β1-Adrenergic (β1AR) and A1-Adenosine (A1R) receptors in these dysfunctions, the pharmacological effects of stimulation of cardiac β1AR (isoproterenol, ISO), in the absence and presence of cardiac β1AR (atenolol, AT) or A1R (1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentyl xanthine, DPCPX) blockade, on the arrhythmias induced by Ischemia/Reperfusion (CIR) in an animal PD model were studied. METHODS PD was produced by dopaminergic lesions (confirmed by immunohistochemistry analysis) caused by the injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 6 μg) in rat striatum. CIR was produced by a surgical interruption for 10 min followed by reestablishment of blood circulation in the descendent left coronary artery. On the incidence of CIR-Induced Ventricular Arrhythmias (VA), Atrioventricular Block (AVB), and Lethality (LET), evaluated by Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis, the effects of intravenous treatment with ISO, AT and DPCPX (before CIR) were studied. RESULTS VA, AVB and LET incidences were significantly higher in 6-OHDA (83%, 92%, 100%, respectively) than in control rats (58%, 67% and 67%, respectively). ISO treatment significantly reduced these incidences in 6-OHDA (33%, 33% and 42%, respectively) and control rats (25%, 25%, 33%, respectively), indicating that stimulation of cardiac β1AR induced cardioprotection. This response was prevented by pretreatment with AT and DPCPX, confirming the involvement of cardiac β1AR and A1R. CONCLUSION Pharmacological modulation of cardiac β1AR and A1R could be a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce severe arrhythmias and increase life expectancy in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Sandro Menezes-Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Autonomic and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Neuroscience Discipline, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; PostGraduate Program in Cardiology, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Pires de Oliveira
- School of Medicine, Centro Universitário UNIFAS, União Metropolitana para a Educação e Cultura, Lauro de Freitas, BA, Brazil
| | - Erisvaldo Amarante Araújo
- Laboratory of Autonomic and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Ballalai Ferraz
- Neuroscience Discipline, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Efrain Olszewer
- Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa e Estudo na Área de Saúde (FAPES), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Murched Omar Taha
- Department of Surgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Alessandra Scorza
- Neuroscience Discipline, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Afonso Caricati-Neto
- Laboratory of Autonomic and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fúlvio Alexandre Scorza
- Neuroscience Discipline, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Li L, Liu B, Wang M, Ye J, Sun G. Protective effect of Guanxin Danshen formula on myocardial ischemiareperfusion injury in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2023; 38:e380123. [PMID: 37098925 PMCID: PMC10129295 DOI: 10.1590/acb380123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) leads to myocardial tissue necrosis, which will increase the size of myocardial infarction. The study examined the protective effect and mechanism of the Guanxin Danshen formula (GXDSF) on MIRI in rats. METHODS MIRI model was performed in rats; rat H9C2 cardiomyocytes were hypoxia-reoxygenated to establish a cell injury model. RESULTS The GXDSF significantly reduced myocardial ischemia area, reduced myocardial structural injury, decreased the levels of interleukin (IL-1β, IL-6) in serum, decreased the activity of myocardial enzymes, increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione in rats with MIRI. The GXDSF can reduce the expression of nucleotide- binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain containing nod-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP3), IL-1β, caspase-1, and gasdermin D (GSDMD) in myocardial tissue cells. Salvianolic acid B and notoginsenoside R1 protected H9C2 cardiomyocytes from hypoxia and reoxygenation injury and reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and IL-6 in the cell supernatant, decreasing the NLRP3, IL-18, IL-1β, caspase-1, and GSDMD expression in H9C2 cardiomyocytes. GXDSF can reduce the myocardial infarction area and alleviate the damage to myocardial structure in rats with MIRI, which may be related to the regulation of the NLRP3. CONCLUSIONS GXDSF reduces MIRI in rat myocardial infarction injury, improves structural damage in myocardial ischemia injury, and reduces myocardial tissue inflammation and oxidative stress by lowering inflammatory factors and controlling focal cell death signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanfang Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development – Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Beijing, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development – Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development – Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Beijing, China
| | - Jingxue Ye
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development – Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Beijing, China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development – Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Beijing, China
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Wu C, Chen RL, Wang Y, Wu WY, Li G. Acacetin alleviates myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis via the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:553-561. [PMID: 35244510 PMCID: PMC8903787 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2041675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Acacetin is a natural source of flavonoids with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. OBJECTIVE This study determines acacetin's protective effect and mechanism on myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham and I/R injury and treatment with acacetin. Acacetin (10 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected for 7 days. ECG and echocardiography were conducted to determine arrhythmia and heart function. The pathological characters of the heart were determined with triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining, Haematoxylin & Eosin staining, and Masson staining. Expression of proteins in infarct tissues was examined with western blots. RESULTS Administrated with acacetin in I/R rats significantly reduced the arrhythmia score from 4.90 to 2.50 and the reperfusion arrhythmia score from 3.79 to 1.82 in the vehicle or the acacetin group, respectively. LVEF was improved from 33.5% in the I/R group to 43.7% in the acacetin group, LVFS was increased from 16.4% to 24.5%, LVIDs was decreased from 6.5 to 5.3 mm. The inflammatory cell infiltration, myocardial fibrosis, and collagen 1 and 3 were reduced by acacetin. Acacetin promoted SOD and decreased MDA. In myocardial tissues, the expression level of TLR4 and IL-6 were restrained, and IL-10 was promoted. Apoptotic protein Bax was suppressed, and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was promoted in the acacetin group. Interestingly, the transcription factor Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway was also reversed by acacetin. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that acacetin has a potential therapeutic effect in clinical application on treating I/R-induced heart injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Wu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ruo-Lan Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wei-Yin Wu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Wei-Yin Wu Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province361015, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- CONTACT Gang Li ;
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Ul Haq A, Carotenuto F, Di Nardo P, Francini R, Prosposito P, Pescosolido F, De Matteis F. Extrinsically Conductive Nanomaterials for Cardiac Tissue Engineering Applications. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:914. [PMID: 34442536 PMCID: PMC8402139 DOI: 10.3390/mi12080914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the consequence of coronary artery thrombosis resulting in ischemia and necrosis of the myocardium. As a result, billions of contractile cardiomyocytes are lost with poor innate regeneration capability. This degenerated tissue is replaced by collagen-rich fibrotic scar tissue as the usual body response to quickly repair the injury. The non-conductive nature of this tissue results in arrhythmias and asynchronous beating leading to total heart failure in the long run due to ventricular remodelling. Traditional pharmacological and assistive device approaches have failed to meet the utmost need for tissue regeneration to repair MI injuries. Engineered heart tissues (EHTs) seem promising alternatives, but their non-conductive nature could not resolve problems such as arrhythmias and asynchronous beating for long term in-vivo applications. The ability of nanotechnology to mimic the nano-bioarchitecture of the extracellular matrix and the potential of cardiac tissue engineering to engineer heart-like tissues makes it a unique combination to develop conductive constructs. Biomaterials blended with conductive nanomaterials could yield conductive constructs (referred to as extrinsically conductive). These cell-laden conductive constructs can alleviate cardiac functions when implanted in-vivo. A succinct review of the most promising applications of nanomaterials in cardiac tissue engineering to repair MI injuries is presented with a focus on extrinsically conductive nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsalan Ul Haq
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (P.D.N.); (F.P.)
- CIMER, Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.F.); (P.P.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Felicia Carotenuto
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (P.D.N.); (F.P.)
- CIMER, Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.F.); (P.P.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Paolo Di Nardo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (P.D.N.); (F.P.)
- CIMER, Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.F.); (P.P.); (F.D.M.)
- L.L. Levshin Institute of Cluster Oncology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roberto Francini
- CIMER, Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.F.); (P.P.); (F.D.M.)
- Industrial Engineering Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Prosposito
- CIMER, Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.F.); (P.P.); (F.D.M.)
- Industrial Engineering Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Pescosolido
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (P.D.N.); (F.P.)
- CIMER, Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.F.); (P.P.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Fabio De Matteis
- CIMER, Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.F.); (P.P.); (F.D.M.)
- Industrial Engineering Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Parra-Flores P, Espitia-Corredor J, Espinoza-Pérez C, Queirolo C, Ayala P, Brüggendieck F, Salas-Hernández A, Pardo-Jiménez V, Díaz-Araya G. Toll-Like Receptor 4 Activation Prevents Rat Cardiac Fibroblast Death Induced by Simulated Ischemia/Reperfusion. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:660197. [PMID: 34169098 PMCID: PMC8217466 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.660197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Death of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) has major implications for cardiac wound healing. In in vivo models of myocardial infarction, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation has been reported as a cardioprotector; however, it remains unknown whether TLR4 activation can prevent CF death triggered by simulated I/R (sI/R). In this study, we analyzed TLR4 activation in neonate CFs exposed to an in vitro model of sI/R and explored the participation of the pro-survival kinases Akt and ERK1/2. Simulated ischemia was performed in a free oxygen chamber in an ischemic medium, whereas reperfusion was carried out in normal culture conditions. Cell viability was analyzed by trypan blue exclusion and the MTT assay. Necrotic and apoptotic cell populations were evaluated by flow cytometry. Protein levels of phosphorylated forms of Akt and ERK1/2 were analyzed by Western blot. We showed that sI/R triggers CF death by necrosis and apoptosis. In CFs exposed only to simulated ischemia or only to sI/R, blockade of the TLR4 with TAK-242 further reduced cell viability and the activation of Akt and ERK1/2. Preconditioning with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or treatment with LPS in ischemia or reperfusion was not protective. However, LPS incubation during both ischemia and reperfusion periods prevented CF viability loss induced by sI/R. Furthermore, LPS treatment reduced the sub-G1 population, but not necrosis of CFs exposed to sI/R. On the other hand, the protective effects exhibited by LPS were abolished when TLR4 was blocked and Akt and ERK1/2 were inhibited. In conclusion, our results suggest that TLR4 activation protects CFs from apoptosis induced by sI/R through the activation of Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Parra-Flores
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jenaro Espitia-Corredor
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudio Espinoza-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Queirolo
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro Ayala
- Departamento de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Brüggendieck
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Aimee Salas-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacodependence, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Viviana Pardo-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guillermo Díaz-Araya
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Witkowska-Piłaszewicz O, Pingwara R, Szczepaniak J, Winnicka A. The Effect of the Clenbuterol-β2-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist on the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Proliferation, Phenotype, Functions, and Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Race Horses In Vitro. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040936. [PMID: 33920705 PMCID: PMC8072563 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clenbuterol, the β2-adrenoceptor agonist, is gaining growing popularity because of its effects on weight loss (i.e., chemical liposuction). It is also popular in bodybuilding and professional sports, due to its effects that are similar to anabolic steroids. However, it is prohibited by anti-doping control. On the other hand, it is suggested that clenbuterol can inhibit the inflammatory process. The cells from 14 untrained and 14 well-trained race horses were collected after acute exercise and cultured with clenbuterol. The expressions of CD4, CD8, FoxP3, CD14, MHCII, and CD5 in PBMC, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, as well as cell proliferation, were evaluated by flow cytometry. In addition, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, INF-γ and TNF-α concentrations were evaluated by ELISA. β2-adrenoceptor stimulation leads to enhanced anti-inflammatory properties in well-trained horses, as do low doses in untrained animals. In contrast, higher clenbuterol doses create a pro-inflammatory environment in inexperienced horses. In conclusion, β2-adrenoceptor stimulation leads to a biphasic response. In addition, the immune cells are more sensitive to drug abuse in inexperienced individuals under physical training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Witkowska-Piłaszewicz
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Science—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Rafał Pingwara
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jarosław Szczepaniak
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Winnicka
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Science—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
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Wang R, Wang M, Zhou J, Dai Z, Sun G, Sun X. Calenduloside E suppresses calcium overload by promoting the interaction between L-type calcium channels and Bcl2-associated athanogene 3 to alleviate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Adv Res 2020; 34:173-186. [PMID: 35024189 PMCID: PMC8655133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intracellular calcium overload is an important contributor to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Total saponins of the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. (AS) are beneficial for treating MI/R injury, and Calenduloside E (CE) is the main active ingredient of AS. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effects of CE on MI/R injury and determine its specific regulatory mechanisms. Methods To verify whether CE mediated cardiac protection in vivo and in vitro, we performed MI/R surgery in SD rats and subjected neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) to hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR). CE’s cardioprotective against MI/R injury was detected by Evans blue/TTC staining, echocardiography, HE staining, myocardial enzyme levels. Impedance and field potential recording, and patch-clamp techniques of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) were used to detect the function of L-type calcium channels (LTCC). The mechanisms underlying between CE and LTCC was studied through western blot, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. Drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) used to further clarify the effect of CE on LTCC and BAG3. Results We found that CE protected against MI/R injury by inhibiting calcium overload. Furthermore, CE improved contraction and field potential signals of hiPSC-CMs and restored sarcomere contraction and calcium transient of adult rat ventricular myocytes (ARVMs). Moreover, patch-clamp data showed that CE suppressed increased L-type calcium current (ICa,L) caused by LTCC agonist, proving that CE could regulate calcium homeostasis through LTCC. Importantly, we found that CE promoted the interaction between LTCC and Bcl2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) by co-IP and DARTS. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that CE enhanced LTCC-BAG3 interaction to reduce MI/R induced-calcium overload, exerting a cardioprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ziru Dai
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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10
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Guevorkian AG. The effect of hypothalamic peptides, neurohormone C and proline-rich peptide-1on the Ca 2+-handling system in heartin pathophysiological conditions. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04360. [PMID: 32637717 PMCID: PMC7330072 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Atthe Institute of Biochemistry named after H. Buniatyan we discovered and studied hypothalamic peptides with coronary dilatory and antioxidant activities:neurohormone C (NC) and proline-rich peptide-1 (PRP-1). Both NC and PRP-1 exhibit cardioprotective effects, in part by restoring the calcium affinity for calcium-binding membrane proteins in cardiomyocytes. This affinity is diminished in the sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondriawith myocardial damage, heart failure, pancreatic necrosis and crush syndrome caused by isoproterenol. The peptides can also destroy the four detected toxic peptides and myocardial depressant factor, and protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Further studies of these peptides may be promising for the treatment of patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease, regardless of pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artashes G. Guevorkian
- Department of Biochemistry, Yerevan State Medical University after MkhitarHeratsi, 2 Koryun St., Yerevan 0025, Armenia
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11
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Komolafe OA, Arayombo BE, Abiodun AA, Saka OS, Abijo AZ, Ojo SK, Fakunle OO. Immunohistochemical and histological evaluations of cyclophosphamide-induced acute cardiotoxicity in wistar rats: The role of turmeric extract (curcuma). Morphologie 2020; 104:133-142. [PMID: 31928923 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2019.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cardiac derangement is a major concern in health sector. Cyclophosphamide as a chemotherapeutic agent induces acute cardiotoxicity through its toxic metabolite, acrolein. This study evaluated the effect of ethanol extract of turmeric on cyclophosphamide-induced acute cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. Thirty-five healthy Wistar rats, weighing 200-250g were randomly assigned into 7 groups (Groups A, B, C, D, E, F and G) N=5. Group A was the control, group B was negative control, and group C was administered 200mg/kg of turmeric extract (orally) only. While groups B, D, E, F and G were all administered 100mg/kg cyclophosphamide (i.p) for 10 days. Groups D and E were administered 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg of turmeric extract (orally) respectively for 72 hours before cyclophosphamide administration. Groups F and G were concomitantly administered 100mg/kg cyclophosphamide (i.p) with doses of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg of turmeric extract (orally) respectively. The rats were sacrificed under ketamine anesthesia (30mg/kg i.m). The left ventricle of the heart was excised. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze data. Results revealed that there was statistically significant (P<0.05) difference in body weight change, CK-MB, and LDH across all experimental groups; which were significantly lower in cyclophosphamide group. Histology and Immunohistochemistry revealed that there were morphological alterations in the myocardium of the left ventricle in group B while turmeric extract ameliorated cyclophosphamide-induced damage in the myocardium in other experimental groups. In conclusion, cyclophosphamide-induced myocardial alterations were significantly ameliorated through administration of ethanol extract of turmeric.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Komolafe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile Ife, Osun-State, Nigeria.
| | - B E Arayombo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile Ife, Osun-State, Nigeria
| | - A A Abiodun
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile Ife, Osun-State, Nigeria
| | - O S Saka
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile Ife, Osun-State, Nigeria
| | - A Z Abijo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile Ife, Osun-State, Nigeria
| | - S K Ojo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile Ife, Osun-State, Nigeria
| | - O O Fakunle
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun-State, Nigeria
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12
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Recent Advances in Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Strategies of Cardioprotection. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164002. [PMID: 31426434 PMCID: PMC6720817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart diseases (IHD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Although the principal form of treatment of IHD is myocardial reperfusion, the recovery of coronary blood flow after ischemia can cause severe and fatal cardiac dysfunctions, mainly due to the abrupt entry of oxygen and ionic deregulation in cardiac cells. The ability of these cells to protect themselves against injury including ischemia and reperfusion (I/R), has been termed “cardioprotection”. This protective response can be stimulated by pharmacological agents (adenosine, catecholamines and others) and non-pharmacological procedures (conditioning, hypoxia and others). Several intracellular signaling pathways mediated by chemical messengers (enzymes, protein kinases, transcription factors and others) and cytoplasmic organelles (mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum, nucleus and sarcolemma) are involved in cardioprotective responses. Therefore, advancement in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the cardioprotective response can lead to the development of new pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies for cardioprotection, thus contributing to increasing the efficacy of IHD treatment. In this work, we analyze the recent advances in pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies of cardioprotection.
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13
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Menezes-Rodrigues FS, Errante PR, Tavares JGP, Ferraz RRN, Gomes WJ, Taha MO, Scorza CA, Scorza FA, Caricati-Neto A. Pharmacological modulation of b-adrenoceptors as a new cardioprotective strategy for therapy of myocardial dysfunction induced by ischemia and reperfusion. Acta Cir Bras 2019; 34:e201900505. [PMID: 31166461 PMCID: PMC6583939 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020190050000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the cardioprotective response of the pharmacological modulation of β-adrenergic receptors (β-AR) in animal model of cardiac ischemia and reperfusion (CIR), in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive (NWR) rats. Methods: CIR was induced by the occlusion of left anterior descendent coronary artery (10 min) and reperfusion (75 min). The SHR was treated with β-AR antagonist atenolol (AT, 10 mg/kg, IV) 5 min before CIR, and NWR were treated with β-AR agonist isoproterenol (ISO, 0.5 mg/kg, IV) 5 min before CIR. Results: The treatment with AT increased the incidence of VA, AVB and LET in SHR, suggesting that spontaneous cardioprotection in hypertensive animals was abolished by blockade of β-AR. In contrast, the treatment with ISO significantly reduced the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia, atrioventricular blockade and lethality in NWR (30%, 20% and 20%, respectively), suggesting that the activation of β-AR stimulate cardioprotection in normotensive animals. Serum CK-MB were higher in SHR/CIR and NWR/CIR compared to respective SHAM group (not altered by treatment with AT or ISO). Conclusion: The pharmacological modulation of β-AR could be a new cardioprotective strategy for the therapy of myocardial dysfunctions induced by CIR related to cardiac surgery and cardiovascular diseases.
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14
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Finan A, Demion M, Sicard P, Guisiano M, Bideaux P, Monceaux K, Thireau J, Richard S. Prolonged elevated levels of c-kit+ progenitor cells after a myocardial infarction by beta 2 adrenergic receptor priming. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18283-18296. [PMID: 30912139 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous progenitor cells may participate in cardiac repair after a myocardial infarction (MI). The beta 2 adrenergic receptor (ß2-AR) pathway induces proliferation of c-kit+ cardiac progenitor cells (CPC) in vitro. We investigated if ß2-AR pharmacological stimulation could ameliorate endogenous CPC-mediated regeneration after a MI. C-kit+ CPC ß1-AR and ß2-AR expression was evaluated in vivo and in vitro. A significant increase in the percentage of CPCs expressing ß1-AR and ß2-AR was measured 7 days post-MI. Accordingly, 24 hrs of low serum and hypoxia in vitro significantly increased CPC ß2-AR expression. Cell viability and differentiation assays validated a functional role of CPC ß2-AR. The effect of pharmacological activation of ß2-AR was studied in C57 mice using fenoterol administered in the drinking water 1 week before MI or sham surgery or at the time of the surgery. MI induced a significant increase in the percentage of c-kit+ progenitor cells at 7 days, whereas pretreatment with fenoterol prolonged this response resulting in a significant elevated number of CPC up to 21 days post-MI. This increased number of CPC correlated with a decrease in infarct size. The immunofluorescence analysis of the heart tissue for proliferation, apoptosis, macrophage infiltration, cardiomyocytes surface area, and vessel density showed significant changes on the basis of surgery but no benefit due to fenoterol treatment. Cardiac function was not ameliorated by fenoterol administration when evaluated by echocardiography. Our results suggest that ß2-AR stimulation may improve the cardiac repair process by supporting an endogenous progenitor cell response but is not sufficient to improve the cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Finan
- Physiology & Experimental Medicine of the Heart and Muscles (PhyMedExp), INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Demion
- Physiology & Experimental Medicine of the Heart and Muscles (PhyMedExp), INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Sicard
- Physiology & Experimental Medicine of the Heart and Muscles (PhyMedExp), INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Morgane Guisiano
- Physiology & Experimental Medicine of the Heart and Muscles (PhyMedExp), INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrice Bideaux
- Physiology & Experimental Medicine of the Heart and Muscles (PhyMedExp), INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Kevin Monceaux
- Physiology & Experimental Medicine of the Heart and Muscles (PhyMedExp), INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Thireau
- Physiology & Experimental Medicine of the Heart and Muscles (PhyMedExp), INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Richard
- Physiology & Experimental Medicine of the Heart and Muscles (PhyMedExp), INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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15
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Zhang C, Zhang C, Wang H, Qi Y, Kan Y, Ge Z. Effects of miR‑103a‑3p on the autophagy and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes by regulating Atg5. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:1951-1960. [PMID: 30864677 PMCID: PMC6443343 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis are associated with cardiovascular diseases. Emerging evidence shows that microRNAs (miRs) are critical in the development of pathological processes underlying cardiovascular diseases by regulating the induction of apoptosis and autophagy. The present study aimed to investigate the role of miR-103a-3p in cardiomyocyte injury through autophagy and apoptosis. H9c2 cells were cultured under hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) conditions and were used to mimic cells under ischemia. The transfection of cells with miR-103a-3p (mimics and inhibitors) was performed to examine its function in cardiomyocytes. The expression levels of miR-103a-3p were evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Cell viability was determined using an MTT assay, and the lactate dehydrogenase assay (LDH) was used to investigate cell injury. The expression levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein, Beclin-1, autophagy-related 5 (Atg5), cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 were detected using western blotting. Immunofluorescence assays were performed to detect the expression of LC3 as a marker of autophagy. The target gene of miR-103a-3p was identified using dual-luciferase reporter assays. The results revealed that the expression levels of miR-103a-3p were significantly downregulated in cardiomyocytes under H/R conditions. Injury of the cardiomyocytes was evaluated under H/R conditions. Following transfection of the cells with miR-103a-3p inhibitors, cell injury was increased, as determined by LDH and MTT assays. The expression levels of apoptotic proteins were consistent with the results obtained in the LDH and cell viability assays. The induction of autophagy was increased in cells under H/R conditions and cells with miR-103a-3p inhibitor transfection, whereas the induction of autophagy was decreased in cells transfected with miR-103a-3p mimics. In addition, the data indicated that miR-103a-3p directly targeted Atg5, which regulated the induction of autophagy and apoptosis. Taken together, these findings indicate that, following the inhibition of miR-103a-3p, Atg5 promotes autophagy and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes by directly targeting Atg5. Therefore, miR-103a-3p can be considered a potential therapeutic target for myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Chenjun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Hairong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Ying Kan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Zhiru Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
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16
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Tian Y, Miao B, Charles EJ, Wu D, Kron IL, French BA, Yang Z. Stimulation of the Beta2 Adrenergic Receptor at Reperfusion Limits Myocardial Reperfusion Injury via an Interleukin-10-Dependent Anti-Inflammatory Pathway in the Spleen. Circ J 2018; 82:2829-2836. [PMID: 30158399 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-18-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to the airway-relaxing effects, β2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) agonists are also found to have broad anti-inflammatory effects. The current study was conducted to define the role of β2AR agonists in limiting myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). Methods and Results: Adult male wild-type (WT) and interleukin (IL)-10 knockout (KO) mice underwent a 40-min left coronary artery ligation and 60-min reperfusion. A selective β2AR agonist, Clenbuterol, at doses of 0.1 μg or 1 μg/g weight i.v. 5 min before reperfusion, significantly reduced myocardial infarct size (IS) by 28% and 39% (vs. control, P<0.05) in WT mice respectively, but had no protective effect in IL-10 KO mice. Inhalational therapy with nebulized Clenbuterol, Albuterol, Salmeterol or Arformoterol immediately before ischemia significantly reduced IS (P<0.05) in WT mice. Splenectomy similarly reduced IS as Clenbuterol-treated mice, but intravenous Clenbuterol did not further reduce IS in splenectomized mice. In splenectomized WT mice, acute transfer of isolated splenocytes, not the Clenbuterol-pretreated splenocytes, restored the myocardial IS to the level of intact mice. Intravenous Clenbuterol significantly increased splenic protein levels of β2AR, phosphorylated Akt and IL-10 and plasma IL-10, and inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory mRNAs. CONCLUSIONS Both intravenous and inhalational β2AR agonists exert a cardioprotective effect against IRI by activating the anti-inflammatory β2AR-IL-10 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikui Tian
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Bin Miao
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia.,Department of Transplant Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
| | | | - Di Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia
| | | | - Brent A French
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia
| | - Zequan Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia
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17
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Griffin ÉW, Yssel JD, O’Neill E, Ryan KJ, Boyle N, Harper P, Harkin A, Connor T. The β2-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol reduces the neuroinflammatory response, neutrophil infiltration and apoptosis following intra-striatal IL-1β administration to rats. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2018; 40:99-106. [DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2017.1418882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Éadaoin W. Griffin
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Justin D. Yssel
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoin O’Neill
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katie J. Ryan
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Noreen Boyle
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter Harper
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew Harkin
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas Connor
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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18
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Chen C, Chen W, Li Y, Dong Y, Teng X, Nong Z, Pan X, Lv L, Gao Y, Wu G. Hyperbaric oxygen protects against myocardial reperfusion injury via the inhibition of inflammation and the modulation of autophagy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:111522-111534. [PMID: 29340072 PMCID: PMC5762340 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) preconditioning protected against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) and improved myocardial infarction. However, HBO’s effect on MIRI-induced inflammation and autophagy remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the potential impact and underlying mechanism of HBO preconditioning on an MIRI-induced inflammatory response and autophagy using a ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery rat model. Our results showed that HBO restored myocardial enzyme levels and decreased the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, which were induced by MIRI. Moreover, HBO significantly suppressed MIRI-induced inflammatory cytokines. This effect was associated with the inhibition of the TLR4-nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway. Interestingly, lower expression levels of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) and Beclin-1 were observed in the HBO-treatment group. Furthermore, we observed that HBO reduced excessive autophagy by activating the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, as evidenced by higher expression levels of threonine protein kinase (Akt) and phosphorylated-mTOR. In conclusion, HBO protected cardiomocytes during MIRI by attenuating inflammation and autophagy. Our results provide a new mechanistic insight into the cardioprotective role of HBO against MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Chen
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China
| | - Wan Chen
- Department of Emergency, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China
| | - Yaoxuan Li
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China
| | - Yanling Dong
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Teng
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China
| | - Zhihuan Nong
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, Guangxi 530022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaorong Pan
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China
| | - Liwen Lv
- Department of Emergency, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Biology and Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
| | - Guangwei Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China
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19
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Fu Q, Wang Q, Xiang YK. Insulin and β Adrenergic Receptor Signaling: Crosstalk in Heart. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2017; 28:416-427. [PMID: 28256297 PMCID: PMC5535765 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances show that insulin may affect β adrenergic receptor (βAR) signaling in the heart to modulate cardiac function in clinically relevant states, such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and heart failure (HF). Conversely, activation of βAR regulates cardiac glucose uptake and promotes insulin resistance (IR) in HF. Here, we discuss the recent characterization of the interaction between the cardiac insulin receptor (InsR) and βAR in the myocardium, in which insulin stimulation crosstalks with cardiac βAR via InsR substrate (IRS)-dependent and G-protein receptor kinase 2 (GRK2)-mediated phosphorylation of β2AR. The insulin-induced phosphorylation promotes β2AR coupling to Gi and expression of phosphodiesterase 4D, which both inhibit cardiac adrenergic signaling and compromise cardiac contractile function. These recent developments could support new approaches for the effective prevention or treatment of obesity- or DM-related HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qingtong Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Yang K Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA.
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Headrick JP, Peart JN, Budiono BP, Shum DH, Neumann DL, Stapelberg NJ. The heartbreak of depression: ‘Psycho-cardiac’ coupling in myocardial infarction. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 106:14-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Ryan KM, Griffin ÉW, Ryan KJ, Tanveer R, Vanattou-Saifoudine N, McNamee EN, Fallon E, Heffernan S, Harkin A, Connor TJ. Clenbuterol activates the central IL-1 system via the β2-adrenoceptor without provoking inflammatory response related behaviours in rats. Brain Behav Immun 2016; 56:114-29. [PMID: 26928198 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The long-acting, highly lipophilic, β2-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol may represent a suitable therapeutic agent for the treatment of neuroinflammation as it drives an anti-inflammatory response within the CNS. However, clenbuterol is also known to increase the expression of IL-1β in the brain, a potent neuromodulator that plays a role in provoking sickness related symptoms including anxiety and depression-related behaviours. Here we demonstrate that, compared to the immunological stimulus lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 250μg/kg), clenbuterol (0.5mg/kg) selectively up-regulates expression of the central IL-1 system resulting in a mild stress-like response which is accompanied by a reduction in locomotor activity and food consumption in rats. We provide further evidence that clenbuterol-induced activation of the central IL-1 system occurs in a controlled and selective manner in tandem with its negative regulators IL-1ra and IL-1RII. Furthermore, we demonstrate that peripheral β2-adrenoceptors mediate the suppression of locomotor activity and food consumption induced by clenbuterol and that these effects are not linked to the central induction of IL-1β. Moreover, despite increasing central IL-1β expression, chronic administration of clenbuterol (0.03mg/kg; twice daily for 21days) fails to induce anxiety or depressive-like behaviour in rats in contrast to reports of the ability of exogenously administered IL-1 to induce these symptoms in rodents. Overall, our findings suggest that clenbuterol or other selective β2-adrenoceptor agonists could have the potential to combat neuroinflammatory or neurodegenerative disorders without inducing unwanted symptoms of depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Ryan
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Physiology & School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Éadaoin W Griffin
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Physiology & School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Katie J Ryan
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Physiology & School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Riffat Tanveer
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Physiology & School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Natacha Vanattou-Saifoudine
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin N McNamee
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Physiology & School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Emer Fallon
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Physiology & School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sheena Heffernan
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Physiology & School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Andrew Harkin
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Thomas J Connor
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Physiology & School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Sarapultsev PA, Sarapultsev AP. Stress cardiomyopathy: Is it limited to Takotsubo syndrome? Problems of definition. Int J Cardiol 2016; 221:698-718. [PMID: 27424315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
In 2006, Takotsubo syndrome (TTC) was described as a distinct type of stress-induced cardiomyopathy (stress cardiomyopathy). However, when thinking about Takotsubo cardiomyopathy from the viewpoints of the AHA and ESC classifications, 2 possible problems may arise. The first potential problem is that a forecast of disease outcome is lacking in the ESC classification, whereas the AHA only states that 'outcome is favorable with appropriate medical therapy'. However, based on the literature data, one can make a general conclusion that occurrence of myocardial lesions in TTC (i.e., myocardial fibrosis and contraction-band necrosis) causes the same effects as in other diseases with similar levels of myocardial damage and should not be considered to have a lesser impact on mortality. To summarise, TTC can cause not only severe complications such as pulmonary oedema, cardiogenic shock, and dangerous ventricular arrhythmias, but also damage to the myocardium, which can result in the development of potentially fatal conditions even after the disappearance of LV apical ballooning. The second potential problem arises from the definition of TTC as a stress cardiomyopathy in the AHA classification. In fact, the main factors leading to TTC are stress and microvascular anginas, since, as has been already discussed, coronary spasm can cause myocardium stunning, resulting in persistent apical ballooning. Thus, based on this review, 3 distinct types of stress cardiomyopathies exist (variant angina, microvascular angina, and TTC), with poor prognosis. Adding these diseases to the classification of cardiomyopathies will facilitate diagnosis and preventive prolonged treatment, which should include intensive anti-stress therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr A Sarapultsev
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Russia; Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the RAS, Russia
| | - Alexey P Sarapultsev
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Russia; Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the RAS, Russia.
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23
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Grisanti LA, Gumpert AM, Traynham CJ, Gorsky JE, Repas AA, Gao E, Carter RL, Yu D, Calvert JW, García AP, Ibáñez B, Rabinowitz JE, Koch WJ, Tilley DG. Leukocyte-Expressed β2-Adrenergic Receptors Are Essential for Survival After Acute Myocardial Injury. Circulation 2016; 134:153-67. [PMID: 27364164 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.022304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune cell-mediated inflammation is an essential process for mounting a repair response after myocardial infarction (MI). The sympathetic nervous system is known to regulate immune system function through β-adrenergic receptors (βARs); however, their role in regulating immune cell responses to acute cardiac injury is unknown. METHODS Wild-type (WT) mice were irradiated followed by isoform-specific βAR knockout (βARKO) or WT bone-marrow transplantation (BMT) and after full reconstitution underwent MI surgery. Survival was monitored over time, and alterations in immune cell infiltration after MI were examined through immunohistochemistry. Alterations in splenic function were identified through the investigation of altered adhesion receptor expression. RESULTS β2ARKO BMT mice displayed 100% mortality resulting from cardiac rupture within 12 days after MI compared with ≈20% mortality in WT BMT mice. β2ARKO BMT mice displayed severely reduced post-MI cardiac infiltration of leukocytes with reciprocally enhanced splenic retention of the same immune cell populations. Splenic retention of the leukocytes was associated with an increase in vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression, which itself was regulated via β-arrestin-dependent β2AR signaling. Furthermore, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in both mouse and human macrophages was sensitive to β2AR activity, and spleens from human tissue donors treated with β-blocker showed enhanced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression. The impairments in splenic retention and cardiac infiltration of leukocytes after MI were restored to WT levels via lentiviral-mediated re-expression of β2AR in β2ARKO bone marrow before transplantation, which also resulted in post-MI survival rates comparable to those in WT BMT mice. CONCLUSIONS Immune cell-expressed β2AR plays an essential role in regulating the early inflammatory repair response to acute myocardial injury by facilitating cardiac leukocyte infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel A Grisanti
- From Center for Translational Medicine (L.A.G., A.M.G., C.J.T., J.E.G., A.A.R., E.G., R.L.C., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), Department of Pharmacology (E.G., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (D.Y.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Atlanta, GA (J.W.C.); and Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain (A.P.G., B.I.)
| | - Anna M Gumpert
- From Center for Translational Medicine (L.A.G., A.M.G., C.J.T., J.E.G., A.A.R., E.G., R.L.C., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), Department of Pharmacology (E.G., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (D.Y.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Atlanta, GA (J.W.C.); and Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain (A.P.G., B.I.)
| | - Christopher J Traynham
- From Center for Translational Medicine (L.A.G., A.M.G., C.J.T., J.E.G., A.A.R., E.G., R.L.C., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), Department of Pharmacology (E.G., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (D.Y.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Atlanta, GA (J.W.C.); and Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain (A.P.G., B.I.)
| | - Joshua E Gorsky
- From Center for Translational Medicine (L.A.G., A.M.G., C.J.T., J.E.G., A.A.R., E.G., R.L.C., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), Department of Pharmacology (E.G., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (D.Y.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Atlanta, GA (J.W.C.); and Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain (A.P.G., B.I.)
| | - Ashley A Repas
- From Center for Translational Medicine (L.A.G., A.M.G., C.J.T., J.E.G., A.A.R., E.G., R.L.C., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), Department of Pharmacology (E.G., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (D.Y.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Atlanta, GA (J.W.C.); and Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain (A.P.G., B.I.)
| | - Erhe Gao
- From Center for Translational Medicine (L.A.G., A.M.G., C.J.T., J.E.G., A.A.R., E.G., R.L.C., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), Department of Pharmacology (E.G., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (D.Y.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Atlanta, GA (J.W.C.); and Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain (A.P.G., B.I.)
| | - Rhonda L Carter
- From Center for Translational Medicine (L.A.G., A.M.G., C.J.T., J.E.G., A.A.R., E.G., R.L.C., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), Department of Pharmacology (E.G., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (D.Y.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Atlanta, GA (J.W.C.); and Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain (A.P.G., B.I.)
| | - Daohai Yu
- From Center for Translational Medicine (L.A.G., A.M.G., C.J.T., J.E.G., A.A.R., E.G., R.L.C., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), Department of Pharmacology (E.G., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (D.Y.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Atlanta, GA (J.W.C.); and Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain (A.P.G., B.I.)
| | - John W Calvert
- From Center for Translational Medicine (L.A.G., A.M.G., C.J.T., J.E.G., A.A.R., E.G., R.L.C., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), Department of Pharmacology (E.G., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (D.Y.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Atlanta, GA (J.W.C.); and Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain (A.P.G., B.I.)
| | - Andrés Pun García
- From Center for Translational Medicine (L.A.G., A.M.G., C.J.T., J.E.G., A.A.R., E.G., R.L.C., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), Department of Pharmacology (E.G., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (D.Y.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Atlanta, GA (J.W.C.); and Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain (A.P.G., B.I.)
| | - Borja Ibáñez
- From Center for Translational Medicine (L.A.G., A.M.G., C.J.T., J.E.G., A.A.R., E.G., R.L.C., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), Department of Pharmacology (E.G., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (D.Y.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Atlanta, GA (J.W.C.); and Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain (A.P.G., B.I.)
| | - Joseph E Rabinowitz
- From Center for Translational Medicine (L.A.G., A.M.G., C.J.T., J.E.G., A.A.R., E.G., R.L.C., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), Department of Pharmacology (E.G., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (D.Y.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Atlanta, GA (J.W.C.); and Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain (A.P.G., B.I.)
| | - Walter J Koch
- From Center for Translational Medicine (L.A.G., A.M.G., C.J.T., J.E.G., A.A.R., E.G., R.L.C., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), Department of Pharmacology (E.G., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (D.Y.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Atlanta, GA (J.W.C.); and Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain (A.P.G., B.I.)
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- From Center for Translational Medicine (L.A.G., A.M.G., C.J.T., J.E.G., A.A.R., E.G., R.L.C., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), Department of Pharmacology (E.G., J.E.R., W.J.K., D.G.T.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (D.Y.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine and Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Atlanta, GA (J.W.C.); and Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research, Madrid, Spain (A.P.G., B.I.).
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See Hoe LE, Schilling JM, Busija AR, Haushalter KJ, Ozberk V, Keshwani MM, Roth DM, Toit ED, Headrick JP, Patel HH, Peart JN. Chronic β1-adrenoceptor blockade impairs ischaemic tolerance and preconditioning in murine myocardium. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 789:1-7. [PMID: 27373851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
β-adrenoceptor antagonists are commonly used in ischaemic heart disease (IHD) patients, yet may impair signalling and efficacy of 'cardioprotective' interventions. We assessed effects of chronic β1-adrenoceptor antagonism on myocardial resistance to ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and the ability of cardioprotective interventions [classic ischaemic preconditioning (IPC); novel sustained ligand-activated preconditioning (SLP)] to reduce IR injury in murine hearts. Young male C57Bl/6 mice were untreated or received atenolol (0.5g/l in drinking water) for 4 weeks. Subsequently, two cardioprotective stimuli were evaluated: morphine pellets implanted (to induce SLP, controls received placebo) 5 days prior to Langendorff heart perfusion, and IPC in perfused hearts (3×1.5min ischaemia/2min reperfusion). Atenolol significantly reduced in vivo heart rate. Untreated control hearts exhibited substantial left ventricular dysfunction (~50% pressure development recovery, ~20mmHg diastolic pressure rise) with significant release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, tissue injury indicator) after 25min ischaemia/45min reperfusion. Contractile dysfunction and elevated LDH were reduced >50% with IPC and SLP. While atenolol treatment did not modify baseline contractile function, post-ischaemic function was significantly depressed compared to untreated hearts. Atenolol pre-treatment abolished beneficial effects of IPC, whereas SLP protection was preserved. These data indicate that chronic β1-adrenoceptor blockade can exert negative effects on functional IR tolerance and negate conventional IPC (implicating β1-adrenoceptors in IR injury and IPC signalling). However, novel morphine-induced SLP is resistant to inhibition by β1-adrenoceptor antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise E See Hoe
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Jan M Schilling
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Anna R Busija
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Kristofer J Haushalter
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Victoria Ozberk
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Malik M Keshwani
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - David M Roth
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Eugene Du Toit
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - John P Headrick
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Hemal H Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Jason N Peart
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia.
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25
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Finan A, Richard S. Stimulating endogenous cardiac repair. Front Cell Dev Biol 2015; 3:57. [PMID: 26484341 PMCID: PMC4586501 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2015.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The healthy adult heart has a low turnover of cardiac myocytes. The renewal capacity, however, is augmented after cardiac injury. Participants in cardiac regeneration include cardiac myocytes themselves, cardiac progenitor cells, and peripheral stem cells, particularly from the bone marrow compartment. Cardiac progenitor cells and bone marrow stem cells are augmented after cardiac injury, migrate to the myocardium, and support regeneration. Depletion studies of these populations have demonstrated their necessary role in cardiac repair. However, the potential of these cells to completely regenerate the heart is limited. Efforts are now being focused on ways to augment these natural pathways to improve cardiac healing, primarily after ischemic injury but in other cardiac pathologies as well. Cell and gene therapy or pharmacological interventions are proposed mechanisms. Cell therapy has demonstrated modest results and has passed into clinical trials. However, the beneficial effects of cell therapy have primarily been their ability to produce paracrine effects on the cardiac tissue and recruit endogenous stem cell populations as opposed to direct cardiac regeneration. Gene therapy efforts have focused on prolonging or reactivating natural signaling pathways. Positive results have been demonstrated to activate the endogenous stem cell populations and are currently being tested in clinical trials. A potential new avenue may be to refine pharmacological treatments that are currently in place in the clinic. Evidence is mounting that drugs such as statins or beta blockers may alter endogenous stem cell activity. Understanding the effects of these drugs on stem cell repair while keeping in mind their primary function may strike a balance in myocardial healing. To maximize endogenous cardiac regeneration, a combination of these approaches could ameliorate the overall repair process to incorporate the participation of multiple cellular players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Finan
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique United Medical Resource 9214, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1046, Physiology and Experimental Medicine of the Heart and Muscles, University of Montpellier Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Richard
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique United Medical Resource 9214, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1046, Physiology and Experimental Medicine of the Heart and Muscles, University of Montpellier Montpellier, France
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Kang JH, Lee HS, Kang YW, Cho KH. Systems biological approaches to the cardiac signaling network. Brief Bioinform 2015; 17:419-28. [DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbv039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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27
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Wang X, Cheng Y, Xue H, Yue Y, Zhang W, Li X. Fargesin as a potential β₁ adrenergic receptor antagonist protects the hearts against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats via attenuating oxidative stress and apoptosis. Fitoterapia 2015; 105:16-25. [PMID: 26025856 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fargesin displayed similar chromatographic retention peak to metoprolol in the cardiac muscle/cell membrane chromatography (CM/CMC) and β1 adrenergic receptor/cell membrane chromatography (β1AR/CMC) models. To provide more biological information about fargesin, we investigated the effects of fargesin on isoproterenol-(ISO-) induced cells injury in the high expression β1 adrenergic receptor/Chinese hamster ovary-S (β1AR/CHO-S) cells and occluding the left coronary artery- (LAD-) induced myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury in rats. The results in vitro showed that ISO-induced canonical cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and protein kinase A (PKA) levels were decreased by fargesin in β1AR/CHO-S cells. Fargesin attenuated the serum creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and improved histopathological changes of ischemic myocardium compared with the I/R rats. Similar results were obtained with Evans Blue/TTC staining, in which fargesin notably reduced infarct size. Moreover, compared with the I/R group, fargesin increased COX release and the activities of some endogenous antioxidative enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), but suppressed malondialdehyde (MDA), and intracellular ROS release. Additionally, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay demonstrated fargesin suppressed myocardial apoptosis, which may be related to inhibition of caspase-3 activity. Taken together, these results provided substantial evidences that fargesin as a potential β1AR antagonist through cAMP/PKA pathway could protect against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. The underlining mechanism may be related to inhibiting oxidative stress and myocardial apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjie Cheng
- Shanxi Pharmaceutical Vocational College, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xue
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yue
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifang Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoni Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China.
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GUO XINHONG, CAO WENJIANG, YAO JIAMING, YUAN YONG, HONG YE, WANG XINCHUN, XING JIANGUO. Cardioprotective effects of tilianin in rat myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:2227-33. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Effects of β-adrenoceptor subtypes on cardiac function in myocardial infarction rats exposed to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5). BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:308295. [PMID: 25187901 PMCID: PMC4145385 DOI: 10.1155/2014/308295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiological mechanisms of heart failure (HF) stems were mainly from longstanding overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Recent studies highlighted the potential benefits of β1-adrenoceptor (β1-AR) blocker combined with β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) agonist in patients with HF. Long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution, such as particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5), has been found associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) which is the most common cause of congestive HF. In this study, we have investigated the effect of combined metoprolol and terbutaline on cardiac function in a rat model of AMI exposed to PM2.5. Our results demonstrated that short-term exposure to PM2.5 contributes to aggravate cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction. The combined use of β1-AR blocker and β2-AR agonist is superior to β1-AR blocker alone for the treatment of AMI rats exposed to PM2.5. The combination of β1-AR blocker and β2-AR agonist may decrease the mortality of patients with myocardial infarction who have been exposed to PM2.5.
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Sun Y, Wang Y, Zhang L, Xu C, Liu Y, Kang S, Yan C, Li D, Sun H. Prevention of cardiac events caused by surgical stress in aged rats: simultaneously activating β2-adrenoceptor and inhibiting β1-adrenoceptor. Stress 2014; 17:373-81. [PMID: 24754893 DOI: 10.3109/10253890.2014.915392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased plasma catecholamine levels are associated with a high risk of perioperative cardiac events in aged individuals undergoing non-cardiac surgical interventions. Given the different effects of β1-adrenoreceptor (β1AR) and β2-adrenoreceptor (β2AR) stimulation by catecholamine in cardiomyocytes, this study evaluated whether simultaneous inhibition of β1AR and activation of β2AR is better than separate application in reducing the risk of perioperative cardiac events in aged rats undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Male aged Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into five groups. Normal group received no treatment. Surgery group received an abdominal surgery with hypoxia. β1- group, β2+ group, β2+ group and β1+β2+ group received surgery and hypoxia with metoprolol (100 mg/kg·d), fenoterol (250 μg/kg·d) or both, respectively. The drugs were given three days before surgery with treatment continued through post-surgical day 7. The results showed that simultaneous activation of β2AR with a β2AR agonist and inhibition of β1AR with a selective β1AR blocker normalized myocardial oxygen consumption, decreased myocardial damage, augmented cardiomyocyte survival, improved cardiac function, reduced the incidence of arrhythmia, thus decreasing the occurrence of cardiac events in perioperative aged rats undergoing non-cardiac surgery. The results demonstrated that combined use of β2AR agonist and β1AR blocker achieved better general effects than use of either one alone. Our results provide a new insight into preventing perioperative cardiac events for elderly patients undergoing surgical stress.
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Dose-effects of aorta-infused clenbuterol on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84095. [PMID: 24391890 PMCID: PMC3877193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The β2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) plays an important role in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in various organs. Recently, a selective β2AR agonist clenbuterol was suggested to protect against cerebral I/R injury. This study was designed to investigate changes of β2ARs after spinal cord I/R injury and dose-effects of aorta-infused clenbuterol on spinal cord I/R injury in rabbits. Methods Spinal cord ischemia was induced in New Zealand white rabbits by infrarenal abdominal aortic occlusion with a balloon catheter for 30 minutes except the sham group. During occlusion, nothing (I/R group), normal saline (NS group) or clenbuterol at different doses of 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, or 1 mg/kg (C0.005, C0.01, C0.05, C0.1, C0.5, and C1 groups) was infused into the occluded aortic segments. The hemodynamic data, blood glucose and serum electrolytes were measured during experimental period. Neurological function was assessed according to the modified Tarlov scales until 48 hours after reperfusion. After that, the lumbar spinal cord was harvested for β2AR immunohistochemistry and histopathologic evaluation in the anterior horns. Results The β2AR expression in the anterior horns of the spinal cord was significantly higher in the I/R group than in the sham group. Tarlov scores and the number of viable α-motor neurons were higher in C0.01-C0.5 groups than in the NS group, C0.005 and C1 groups and were highest in the C0.1 group. Hypotension and hyperglycemia were found in the C1 group. Conclusion β2ARs in the anterior horn were upregulated after spinal cord I/R injury. Aortic-infused clenbuterol (0.01–0.5 mg/kg) can attenuate spinal cord I/R injury dose-dependently during the ischemic period. The Optimal dosage was 0.1 mg/kg. Activation of β2AR could be a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of spinal cord I/R injury.
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Wang X, Ni L, Yang L, Duan Q, Chen C, Edin ML, Zeldin DC, Wang DW. CYP2J2-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids suppress endoplasmic reticulum stress in heart failure. Mol Pharmacol 2013; 85:105-15. [PMID: 24145329 DOI: 10.1124/mol.113.087122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress causes apoptosis and is associated with heart failure. Whether CYP2J2 and its arachidonic acid metabolites [epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs)] have a protective influence on ER stress and heart failure has not been studied. Assays of myocardial samples from patients with end-stage heart failure showed evidence of ER stress. Chronic infusion of isoproterenol (ISO) or angiotensin II (AngII) by osmotic mini-pump induced cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure in mice as evaluated by hemodynamic measurements and echocardiography. Interestingly, transgenic (Tr) mice with cardiomyocyte-specific CYP2J2 expression were protected against heart failure compared with wild-type mice. ISO or AngII administration induced ER stress and apoptosis, and increased levels of intracellular Ca(2+). These phenotypes were abolished by CYP2J2 overexpression in vivo or exogenous EETs treatment of cardiomyocytes in vitro. ISO or AngII reduced sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA2a) expression in hearts or isolated cardiomyocytes; however, loss of SERCA2a expression was prevented in CYP2J2 Tr hearts in vivo or in cardiomyocytes treated with EETs in vitro. The reduction of SERCA2a activity was concomitant with increased oxidation of SERCA2a. EETs reversed SERCA2a oxidation through increased expression of antioxidant enzymes and reduced reactive oxygen species levels. Tempol, a membrane-permeable radical scavenger, similarly decreased oxidized SERCA2a levels, restored SERCA2a activity, and markedly reduced ER stress response in the mice treated with ISO. In conclusion, CYP2J2-derived EETs suppress ER stress response in the heart and protect against cardiac failure by maintaining intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis and SERCA2a expression and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxu Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Hypertension, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China (X.W., L.N., L.Y., Q.D., C.C., D.W.W.); and the Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (M.L.E., D.C.Z.)
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Chang R, Li Y, Yang X, Yue Y, Dou L, Wang Y, Zhang W, Li X. Protective role of deoxyschizandrin and schisantherin A against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61590. [PMID: 23620773 PMCID: PMC3631228 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous studies suggested that deoxyschizandrin (DSD) and schisantherin A (STA) may have cardioprotective effects, but information in this regard is lacking. Therefore, we explored the protective role of DSD and STA in myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methodology/Principal Findings Anesthetized male rats were treated once with DSD and STA (each 40 µmol/kg) through the tail vein after 45 min of ischemia, followed by 2-h reperfusion. Cardiac function, infarct size, biochemical markers, histopathology and apoptosis were measured and mRNA expression of gp91phox in myocardial tissue assessed by RT-PCR. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were pretreated with DSD and STA and then damaged by H2O2. Cell apoptosis was tested by a flow cytometric assay. Compared with the I/R group: (i) DSD and STA could significantly reduce the abnormalities of LVSP, LVEDP, ±dp/dtmax and arrhythmias, thereby showing their protective roles in cardiac function; (ii) DSD and STA could significantly attenuate the infarct size and MDA release while increasing SOD activity, suggesting a role in reducing myocardial injury; (iii) tissue morphology and myocardial textual analysis revealed that DSD and STA mitigated changes in myocardial histopathology; (iv) DSD and STA decreased apoptosis (33.56±2.58% to 10.28±2.80% and 10.98±1.99%, respectively) and caspase-3 activity in the myocardium (0.62±0.02 OD/mg to 0.38±0.02 OD/mg and 0.32±0.02 OD/mg, respectively), showing their protective effects upon cardiomyocytes; and (v) DSD and STA had similar protective effects on I/R injury as those seen with the positive control metoprolol. In vitro, DSD and STA could significantly decrease the apoptosis of neonatal cardiomyocytes. Conclusions/Significance These data suggest that DSD and STA can protect against myocardial I/R injury. The underlining mechanism may be related to their role in inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/blood
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/complications
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology
- Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology
- Cardiotonic Agents/therapeutic use
- Caspase 3/metabolism
- Cyclooctanes/administration & dosage
- Cyclooctanes/chemistry
- Cyclooctanes/pharmacology
- Cyclooctanes/therapeutic use
- Cytoprotection/drug effects
- Dioxoles/administration & dosage
- Dioxoles/chemistry
- Dioxoles/pharmacology
- Dioxoles/therapeutic use
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Hemodynamics/drug effects
- Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology
- Lignans/administration & dosage
- Lignans/chemistry
- Lignans/pharmacology
- Lignans/therapeutic use
- Male
- Malondialdehyde/blood
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Myocardial Infarction/complications
- Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy
- Myocardial Infarction/pathology
- Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/blood
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/complications
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/physiopathology
- Myocardium/enzymology
- Myocardium/pathology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- NADPH Oxidase 2
- NADPH Oxidases/genetics
- NADPH Oxidases/metabolism
- Polycyclic Compounds/administration & dosage
- Polycyclic Compounds/chemistry
- Polycyclic Compounds/pharmacology
- Polycyclic Compounds/therapeutic use
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimiao Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xingxin Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yuan Yue
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Lili Dou
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Weifang Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoni Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Paur H, Wright PT, Sikkel MB, Tranter MH, Mansfield C, O'Gara P, Stuckey DJ, Nikolaev VO, Diakonov I, Pannell L, Gong H, Sun H, Peters NS, Petrou M, Zheng Z, Gorelik J, Lyon AR, Harding SE. High levels of circulating epinephrine trigger apical cardiodepression in a β2-adrenergic receptor/Gi-dependent manner: a new model of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2012; 126:697-706. [PMID: 22732314 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.112.111591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 563] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is an acute heart failure syndrome characterized by myocardial hypocontractility from the mid left ventricle to the apex. It is precipitated by extreme stress and can be triggered by intravenous catecholamine administration, particularly epinephrine. Despite its grave presentation, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is rapidly reversible, with generally good prognosis. We hypothesized that this represents switching of epinephrine signaling through the pleiotropic β(2)-adrenergic receptor (β(2)AR) from canonical stimulatory G-protein-activated cardiostimulant to inhibitory G-protein-activated cardiodepressant pathways. METHODS AND RESULTS We describe an in vivo rat model in which a high intravenous epinephrine, but not norepinephrine, bolus produces the characteristic reversible apical depression of myocardial contraction coupled with basal hypercontractility. The effect is prevented via G(i) inactivation by pertussis toxin pretreatment. β(2)AR number and functional responses were greater in isolated apical cardiomyocytes than in basal cardiomyocytes, which confirmed the higher apical sensitivity and response to circulating epinephrine. In vitro studies demonstrated high-dose epinephrine can induce direct cardiomyocyte cardiodepression and cardioprotection in a β(2)AR-Gi-dependent manner. Preventing epinephrine-G(i) effects increased mortality in the Takotsubo model, whereas β-blockers that activate β(2)AR-G(i) exacerbated the epinephrine-dependent negative inotropic effects without further deaths. In contrast, levosimendan rescued the acute cardiac dysfunction without increased mortality. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that biased agonism of epinephrine for β(2)AR-G(s) at low concentrations and for G(i) at high concentrations underpins the acute apical cardiodepression observed in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, with an apical-basal gradient in β(2)ARs explaining the differential regional responses. We suggest this epinephrine-specific β(2)AR-G(i) signaling may have evolved as a cardioprotective strategy to limit catecholamine-induced myocardial toxicity during acute stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Paur
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Inst, Imperial College London, London, United kingdom
| | - Peter T Wright
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Inst, Imperial College London, London, United kingdom
| | - Markus B Sikkel
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Inst, Imperial College London, London, United kingdom
| | - Matthew H Tranter
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Inst, Imperial College London, London, United kingdom
| | - Catherine Mansfield
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Inst, Imperial College London, London, United kingdom
| | - Peter O'Gara
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Inst, Imperial College London, London, United kingdom
| | - Daniel J Stuckey
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Inst, Imperial College London, London, United kingdom
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- Emmy Noether Group of the DFG, Dept of Cardiology and Pneumology, Georg August Univ medical Ctr, Göttingn Germany
| | - Ivan Diakonov
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Inst, Imperial College London, London, United kingdom
| | - Laura Pannell
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Inst, Imperial College London, London, United kingdom
| | | | - Hong Sun
- Physiology Dept, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Nicholas S Peters
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Inst, Imperial College London, London, United kingdom
| | - Mario Petrou
- Cardiovasular Biomedical Rsrch Unit, Royal Brompton Hosp, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Julia Gorelik
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Inst, Imperial College London, London, United kingdom
| | - Alexander R Lyon
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Inst, Imperial College London, London, United kingdom.,Cardiovasular Biomedical Rsrch Unit, Royal Brompton Hosp, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sian E Harding
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Inst, Imperial College London, London, United kingdom
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The Effects of Prenatal Protein Restriction on β-Adrenergic Signalling of the Adult Rat Heart during Ischaemia Reperfusion. J Nutr Metab 2012; 2012:397389. [PMID: 22536490 PMCID: PMC3321448 DOI: 10.1155/2012/397389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A maternal low-protein diet (MLP) fed during pregnancy leads to hypertension in adult rat offspring. Hypertension is a major risk factor for ischaemic heart disease. This study examined the capacity of hearts from MLP-exposed offspring to recover from myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) and related this to cardiac expression of β-adrenergic receptors (β-AR) and their associated G proteins. Pregnant rats were fed control (CON) or MLP diets (n = 12 each group) throughout pregnancy. When aged 6 months, hearts from offspring underwent Langendorff cannulation to assess contractile function during baseline perfusion, 30 min ischemia and 60 min reperfusion. CON male hearts demonstrated impaired recovery in left ventricular pressure (LVP) and dP/dtmax (P < 0.01) during reperfusion when compared to MLP male hearts. Maternal diet had no effect on female hearts to recover from IR. MLP males exhibited greater membrane expression of β2-AR following reperfusion and urinary excretion of noradrenaline and dopamine was lower in MLP and CON female rats versus CON males. In conclusion, the improved cardiac recovery in MLP male offspring following IR was attributed to greater membrane expression of β2-AR and reduced noradrenaline and dopamine levels. In contrast, females exhibiting both decreased membrane expression of β2-AR and catecholamine levels were protected from IR injury.
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Feng M, Xiang JZ, Ming ZY, Fu Q, Ma R, Zhang QF, Dun YY, Yang L, Liu H. Activation of epidermal growth factor receptor mediates reperfusion arrhythmias in anaesthetized rats. Cardiovasc Res 2011; 93:60-8. [PMID: 22028338 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvr281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a critical role in the development and function of the heart. Previous studies have demonstrated that EGFR is involved in regulating electrical excitability of the heart. The present study was designed to investigate whether EGFR activation would mediate cardiac arrhythmias induced by reperfusion in anaesthetized rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Reperfusion arrhythmias were induced by 10 min ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, followed by a 30 min reperfusion in anaesthetized rats. The incidence and severity of cardiac arrhythmias were significantly reduced by pre-treatment with the EGFR kinase inhibitor AG556. The phosphorylation level of myocardial EGFR was increased during ischaemia and at early reperfusion. Intramyocardial transfection of EGFR siRNA reduced EGFR mRNA and protein, and decreased the incidence of ventricular fibrillation induced by reperfusion. Interestingly, tyrosine phosphorylation levels of cardiac Na(+) channels (I(Na)) and L-type Ca(2+) channels (I(Ca,L)) were significantly increased at time points corresponding to the alteration of EGFR phosphorylation levels during reperfusion. AG556 pre-treatment countered the increased tyrosine phosphorylation level of Na(+) and L-type Ca(2+) channels induced by reperfusion. Patch-clamp studies proved that AG556 could inhibit I(Na) and I(Ca,L) in rat ventricular myocytes. No significant alteration was observed in tyrosine phosphorylation levels of cardiac Kv4.2 and Kir2.1 channels during reperfusion. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate for the first time that EGFR plays an important role in the genesis of arrhythmias induced by reperfusion, which is likely mediated at least in part by enhancing tyrosine phosphorylation of cardiac Na(+) and L-type Ca(2+) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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