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Veth L, Windhorst AD, Vugts DJ. Synthesis of 18F-labeled Aryl Trifluoromethyl Sulfones, -Sulfoxides, and -Sulfides for Positron Emission Tomography. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404278. [PMID: 38656696 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is becoming increasingly important in nuclear medicine and drug discovery. To date, the development of many potential PET tracers is hampered by the lack of suitable synthetic pathways for their preparation. This is particularly true for the highly desired radiolabeling of compounds bearing [18F]CF3-groups. For instance, S(O)nCF3-groups (n=0, 1, 2) serve as structural motif in a range of biologically active compounds, but their radiosynthesis remains largely unprecedented (for n=1, 2). Herein, we describe general methods for the radiosynthesis of 18F-labeled aryl trifluoromethyl sulfones, -sulfoxides, and -sulfides. All three methods are operationally straightforward, start from widely available precursors, i.e., sulfonyl fluorides and thiophenols, and make use of the recently established [18F]Ruppert-Prakash reagent. Further, the syntheses display good functional group tolerance as demonstrated by the 18F-labeling of more than 40 compounds. The applicability of the new method is demonstrated by the radiolabeling of three bioactive molecules, optionally to be used as PET tracers. In a broader context, this work presents a substantial expansion of the chemical space of radiofluorinated structural motifs to be used for the development of new PET tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Veth
- Dept. of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert D Windhorst
- Dept. of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle J Vugts
- Dept. of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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Martin MM, Carpenter AF, Shafer TJ, Paul Friedman K, Carstens KE. Chemical effects on neural network activity: Comparison of acute versus network formation exposure in microelectrode array assays. Toxicology 2024; 505:153842. [PMID: 38788893 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
New approach methodologies (NAMs) can address information gaps on potential neurotoxicity or developmental neurotoxicity hazard for data-poor chemicals. Two assays have been previously developed using microelectrode arrays (MEA), a technology which measures neural activity. The MEA acute network function assay (AcN) uses dissociated rat cortical cells cultured at postnatal day 0 and evaluates network activity during a 40-minute chemical exposure on day in vitro (DIV)13 or 15. In contrast, the MEA network formation assay (NFA) uses a developmental exposure paradigm spanning DIV0 through DIV12. Measures of network activity over time at DIV5, 7, 9, and 12 in the NFA are reduced to an estimated area under the curve to facilitate concentration-response evaluation. Here, we evaluated the hypothesis that chemicals with effects in the AcN also perturb the NFA by examining quantitative and qualitative concordance between assays. Out of 243 chemicals screened in both assays, we observed 70.3% concordance between the AcN and NFA after eliminating activity inferred to be cytotoxic (selective activity), with the majority of discordance explained by chemicals that altered selective activity in the AcN but not NFA. The NFA detected more active chemicals when evaluating activity associated with cytotoxicity. Median potency values were lower in the NFA compared to the AcN, but within-chemical potency values were not uniformly lower in the NFA than the AcN. Lastly, the AcN and NFA captured unique bioactivity fingerprints; the AcN was more informative for identifying chemicals with a shared mode of action, while the NFA provided information relevant to developmental exposure. Taken together, this analysis provides a rationale for using both approaches for chemical evaluation with consideration of the context of use, such as screening/ prioritization, hazard identification, or to address questions regarding biological mechanism or function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Martin
- Computational Toxicology & Bioinformatics Branch, Biomolecular and Computational Toxicology Division, CCTE/ORD, US. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
| | - Amy F Carpenter
- Computational Toxicology & Bioinformatics Branch, Biomolecular and Computational Toxicology Division, CCTE/ORD, US. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Timothy J Shafer
- Computational Toxicology & Bioinformatics Branch, Biomolecular and Computational Toxicology Division, CCTE/ORD, US. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
| | - Katie Paul Friedman
- Computational Toxicology & Bioinformatics Branch, Biomolecular and Computational Toxicology Division, CCTE/ORD, US. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
| | - Kelly E Carstens
- Computational Toxicology & Bioinformatics Branch, Biomolecular and Computational Toxicology Division, CCTE/ORD, US. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
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Kaur R, Choudhary D, Bali S, Bandral SS, Singh V, Ahmad MA, Rani N, Singh TG, Chandrasekaran B. Pesticides: An alarming detrimental to health and environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:170113. [PMID: 38232846 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides are chemical substances of natural or synthetic origin that are used to eradicate pests and insects. These are indispensable in the agricultural processes for better crop production. Pesticide use aims to promote crop yield and protect the crops from diseases and damage. Pesticides must be handled carefully and disposed of appropriately because they are dangerous to people and other species by default. Environmental pollution occurs when pesticide contamination spreads away from the intended plants. Older pesticides such as lindane and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) may remain in water and soil for a longer time. These accumulate in various parts of the food chain and cause damage to the ecosystem. Biological techniques in the management of pest control such as importation, augmentation, and conservation, and the accompanying procedures are more efficient, less expensive, and ecologically sound than other ways. This review mainly focuses on the consequences on the targeted and non-targeted organisms including the health and well-being of humans by the use of pesticides and their toxicity. The side effects that occur when a pesticide's LD50 exceeds the accepted limit through oral or skin penetration due to their binding to various receptors such as estrogen receptors, GABA, EGFR, and others. These pesticide classes include carbamates, pyrethroids, organochlorides, organophosphorus, and others. The current study seeks to highlight the urgent requirement for a novel agricultural concept that includes a major reduction in the use of chemical pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajwinder Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India.
| | - Diksha Choudhary
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Samriddhi Bali
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | | | - Varinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Md Altamash Ahmad
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Nidhi Rani
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
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Insights into the toxicity and biodegradation of fipronil in contaminated environment. Microbiol Res 2022; 266:127247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Tsamou M, Roggen EL. Building a Network of Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) Incorporating the Tau-Driven AOP Toward Memory Loss (AOP429). J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2022; 6:271-296. [PMID: 35891639 PMCID: PMC9277675 DOI: 10.3233/adr-220015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) concept was first proposed as a tool for chemical hazard assessment facilitating the regulatory decision-making in toxicology and was more recently recommended during the BioMed21 workshops as a tool for the characterization of crucial endpoints in the human disease development. This AOP framework represents mechanistically based approaches using existing data, more realistic and relevant to human biological systems. In principle, AOPs are described by molecular initiating events (MIEs) which induce key events (KEs) leading to adverse outcomes (AOs). In addition to the individual AOPs, the network of AOPs has been also suggested to beneficially support the understanding and prediction of adverse effects in risk assessment. The AOP-based networks can capture the complexity of biological systems described by different AOPs, in which multiple AOs diverge from a single MIE or multiple MIEs trigger a cascade of KEs that converge to a single AO. Here, an AOP network incorporating a recently proposed tau-driven AOP toward memory loss (AOP429) related to sporadic (late-onset) Alzheimer’s disease is constructed. This proposed AOP network is an attempt to extract useful information for better comprehending the interactions among existing mechanistic data linked to memory loss as an early phase of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsamou
- ToxGenSolutions (TGS), Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Price KL, Lummis SCR. Characterisation of thymol effects on RDL receptors from the bee parasite Varroa destructor. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 183:105064. [PMID: 35430066 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A major contributor to bee colony decline is infestation with its most devastating pest, the mite Varroa destructor. To control these mites, thymol is often used, although how it achieves this is not understood. One well-documented action of thymol is to modulate GABA-activated ion channels, which includes insect RDL receptors, a known insecticidal target. Here we have cloned two Varroa RDL subunits, one of which is similar to the canonical RDL subunit, while the other has some differences in M4, and, to a lesser extent, M2 and its binding site loops. Expression of this unusual RDL receptor in Xenopus oocytes reveals GABA-activated receptors, with an EC50 of 56 μM. In contrast to canonical RDL receptors, thymol does not enhance GABA-elicited responses in this receptor, and concentration response curves reveal a decrease in GABA Imax in its presence; this decrease is not seen when similar data are obtained from Apis RDL receptors. We conclude that an M2 T6'M substitution is primarily responsible for the different thymol effects, and suggest that understanding how and where thymol acts could assist in the design of novel bee-friendly miticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Price
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK
| | - S C R Lummis
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK.
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Hennig TB, Lopes Alves PR, Schiehl A, de Araújo RS, da Costa Cabrera L, Morelato RR, Baretta D. Can the increase in atmospheric temperature enhance the toxicity and risk of fipronil for collembolans in tropical soils? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:27104-27114. [PMID: 34981395 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18349-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the toxicity and risk (via toxicity exposure ratio approach - TER) of the insecticide fipronil to collembolan's growth and reproduction in three tropical soils, under increasing atmospheric temperatures. Chronic toxicity tests were performed with Folsomia candida in tropical artificial soil (TAS), oxisol, and entisol spiked with increasing concentrations of fipronil, at three room temperature scenarios: a standard (20 ± 2 °C), a tropical condition (25 ± 2 °C) and a global warming simulation (27 ± 2 °C). Temperatures influenced the fipronil effects on the species reproduction differently between soil types. In TAS and oxisol the highest toxicities (EC50-based) were found at 27 °C (EC50 TAS = 0.81, 0.70, 0.31 mg kg-1; EC50 OXISOL = 0.52, 0.54, 0.40 mg kg-1; at 20, 25, and 27 °C, respectively). In entisol, the toxicity at 27 °C was lower compared to 25 and 20 °C (EC50 ENTISOL = 0.33, 0.24, 0.12 mg kg-1, respectively). Fipronil concentrations also increased the proportion of small juveniles (growth reduction) in all tested soils. However, this effect was greater (EC10-based) at higher temperatures (25 and/or 27 °C), regardless of the soil type. TER approach revealed a significant risk of fipronil in entisol, regardless of the tested temperature, while in other soils the risk was found significant only at the higher temperatures (25 and 27 °C for TAS, and 27 °C for oxisol). These results indicate that exposures to fipronil at high temperatures (e.g., those resulting from climate change) can threaten F. candida populations, depending on the soil type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuanne Braúlio Hennig
- Department of Soil Science, Santa Catarina State University, Av. Luis de Camões, 2090, Lages, SC, 88520000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roger Lopes Alves
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Av. Fernando Machado, No. 108-E, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, 89802-112, Brazil.
| | - Aline Schiehl
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Av. Fernando Machado, No. 108-E, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, 89802-112, Brazil
| | - Rafael Soares de Araújo
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Av. Fernando Machado, No. 108-E, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, 89802-112, Brazil
| | - Liziara da Costa Cabrera
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Av. Jacob Reinaldo Haupenthal, 1580, Cerro Largo, RS, 97900000, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Roberta Morelato
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Av. Jacob Reinaldo Haupenthal, 1580, Cerro Largo, RS, 97900000, Brazil
| | - Dilmar Baretta
- Department of Soil Science, Santa Catarina State University, Av. Luis de Camões, 2090, Lages, SC, 88520000, Brazil
- Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Santa Catarina State University, Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680-E, Chapecó, SC, 89815-630, Brazil
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Dai WT, Li J, Ban LP. Genome-Wide Selective Signature Analysis Revealed Insecticide Resistance Mechanisms in Cydia pomonella. INSECTS 2021; 13:insects13010002. [PMID: 35055845 PMCID: PMC8781923 DOI: 10.3390/insects13010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The codling moth, Cydia pomonella, is a quarantine pest that causes extensive damage to many important pome fruits. To control this pest, insecticides are frequently used, leading to the development of resistance. In this study, we analyzed resequencing data of two resistant and one susceptible strains of codling moth, detecting the positively selected genes under the insecticide selective pressure. Coupled with transcriptome data, we discussed the potential role in insecticide resistance of these positively selected genes. Our results identified eight genes including CYP6b2, CYP307a1, 5-hydroxytryptaminereceptor, cuticle protein, and acetylcholinesterase, which are potentially involved in cross-resistance to azinphos-methyl and deltamethrin. Overall, our finding indicated that the insecticide resistance mechanism in C. pomonella is a complex physiological and biochemical process. Abstract The codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae), is a serious invasive pest of pome fruits. Currently, C. pomonella management mainly relies on the application of insecticides, which have driven the development of resistance in the insect. Understanding the genetic mechanisms of insecticide resistance is of great significance for developing new pest resistance management techniques and formulating effective resistance management strategies. Using existing genome resequencing data, we performed selective sweep analysis by comparing two resistant strains and one susceptible strain of the insect pest and identified seven genes, among which, two (glycine receptor and glutamate receptor) were under strong insecticide selection, suggesting their functional importance in insecticide resistance. We also found that eight genes including CYP6B2, CYP307a1, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor, cuticle protein, and acetylcholinesterase, are potentially involved in cross-resistance to azinphos-methyl and deltamethrin. Moreover, among several P450s identified as positively selected genes, CYP6B2, CYP4C1, and CYP4d2 showed the highest expression level in larva compared to other stages tested, and CYP6B2 also showed the highest expression level in midgut, supporting the roles they may play in insecticide metabolism. Our results provide several potential genes that can be studied further to advance understanding of complexity of insecticide resistance mechanisms in C. pomonella.
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Synthesis of 3-((trifluoromethyl)thio)indoles via trifluoromethylthiolation of 2-alkynyl azidoarenes with AgSCF3. J Fluor Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2021.109878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Nakao T, Banba S. Mechanisms underlying the selectivity of meta-diamides between insect resistance to dieldrin (RDL) and human γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine receptors. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:3744-3752. [PMID: 33002272 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meta-diamides [3-benzamido-N-(4-(perfluoropropan-2-yl)phenyl)benzamides] show high insecticide activity by acting as antagonists to the insect resistance to dieldrin (RDL) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors. In contrast, low-level antagonist activities of meta-diamides have been demonstrated against the human GABA type A receptor (GABAA R) α1β2γ2S, mammalian GABAA R α1β3γ2S, and the human glycine receptor (GlyR) α1β. Glycine residue 336 in the membrane-spanning region M3 of the Drosophila RDL GABA receptor is essential for its high sensitivity to meta-diamide 7, [3-benzamido-N-(2-bromo-4-(perfluoropropan-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2-fluorobenzamide]. RESULTS We examined the effects of an equivalent mutation (M288G) in spontaneously opened human GABAA R β3 homomers using membrane potential assay. Picrotoxin and fipronil blocked spontaneously opened human GABAA Rs β3 and β3-M286G in a concentration-dependent manner. In contrast, meta-diamide 7 did not block spontaneously opened GABAA R β3 homomers, although meta-diamide 7 blocked spontaneously opened GABAA R β3-M286G homomers. In addition, inhibitory potency of meta-diamide 7 for GABA-induced membrane potential change in cells expressing GABAA R α1β3-M286G was much higher than that in cells expressing GABAA R α1β3. In the same way, the equivalent mutation (A288G) in GlyR α1 increased the inhibitory potency of meta-diamide 7 for GlyRs α1 and α1β. CONCLUSION Studies substituting an equivalent mutation (M288G) in spontaneously opening human GABAA R β3 homomers and human GABAA Rs α1β3 heteromers suggest that M286 in human GABAA R β3 is important for the low sensitivity to meta-diamide 7. In this study, we summarize the mechanisms underlying the selectivity of meta-diamides between insect RDL and human GABA and glycine receptors. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Nakao
- Agrochemicals Research Center, Mitsui Chemicals Agro, Inc., Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinichi Banba
- Agrochemicals Research Center, Mitsui Chemicals Agro, Inc., Chiba, Japan
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Breitinger U, Sticht H, Breitinger HG. Modulation of recombinant human alpha 1 glycine receptor by flavonoids and gingerols. Biol Chem 2021; 402:825-838. [PMID: 33752269 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory glycine receptor (GlyR) is a principal mediator of fast synaptic inhibition in mammalian spinal cord, brainstem, and higher brain centres. Flavonoids are secondary plant metabolites that exhibit many beneficial physiological effects, including modulatory action on neuronal receptors. Using whole-cell current recordings from recombinant human α1 GlyRs, expressed in HEK293 cells, we compared the flavonols kaempferol and quercetin, the flavanone naringenin, the flavones apigenin and nobiletin, the isoflavone genistein, and two gingerols, 6-gingerol and 8-gingerol for their modulation of receptor currents. All compounds were inhibitors of the GlyR with IC50 values ranging between 9.3 ± 2.6 µM (kaempferol) and 46.7 ± 6.5 µM (genistein), following a mixed mode of inhibition. Co-application of two inhibitors revealed distinct binding sites for flavonoids and gingerols. Pore-lining mutants T258A and T258S were strongly inhibited by quercetin and naringenin, but not by 6-gingerol, confirming the existence of distinct binding sites for flavonoids and gingerols. Apigenin, kaempferol, nobiletin, naringenin and 6-gingerol showed biphasic action, potentiating glycine-induced currents at low concentration of both, modulator and glycine, and inhibiting at higher concentrations. Identification of distinct modulatory sites for flavonoids and related compounds may present pharmacological target sites and aid the discovery of novel glycinergic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Breitinger
- Department of Biochemistry, The German University in Cairo, Main Entrance of Al Tagamoa Al Khames, New Cairo11835, Egypt
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nümberg, Fahrstrasse 17, D-91054Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Breitinger
- Department of Biochemistry, The German University in Cairo, Main Entrance of Al Tagamoa Al Khames, New Cairo11835, Egypt
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Yang X, Chang D, Zhao R, Shi L. Recent Advances and Uses of (Me
4
N)XCF
3
(X=S, Se) in the Synthesis of Trifluoromethylthiolated and Trifluoromethylselenolated Compounds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi‐Hui Yang
- School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) 518055 Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Denghu Chang
- School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) 518055 Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Rong Zhao
- School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) 518055 Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) 518055 Shenzhen P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University 300071 Tianjin P. R. China
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Hong H, Zheng C, Zhao G, Shang Y. Enantioselective Michael Addition Reactions to Construct SCF
3
‐containing Stereocenter Catalyzed by Chiral Quaternary Phosphonium Salts. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Hong
- Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University, Wuhu Anhui 241000 People's Republic of China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjia Shang
- Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University, Wuhu Anhui 241000 People's Republic of China
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Tinkov O, Polishchuk P, Matveieva M, Grigorev V, Grigoreva L, Porozov Y. The Influence of Structural Patterns on Acute Aquatic Toxicity of Organic Compounds. Mol Inform 2020; 40:e2000209. [PMID: 33029954 DOI: 10.1002/minf.202000209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of the influence of molecular structure of different organic compounds on acute toxicity towards Fathead minnow, Daphnia magna, and Tetrahymena pyriformis has been carried out using 2D simplex representation of molecular structure and two modelling methods: Random Forest (RF) and Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM). Suitable QSAR (Quantitative Structure - Activity Relationships) models were obtained. The study was focused on QSAR models interpretation. The aim of the study was to develop a set of structural fragments that simultaneously consistently increase toxicity toward Fathead minnow, Daphnia magna, Tetrahymena pyriformis. The interpretation allowed to gain more details about known toxicophores and to propose new fragments. The results obtained made it possible to rank the contributions of molecular fragments to various types of toxicity to aquatic organisms. This information can be used for molecular optimization of chemicals. According to the results of structural interpretation, the most significant common mechanisms of the toxic effect of organic compounds on Fathead minnow, Daphnia magna and Tetrahymena pyriformis are reactions of nucleophilic substitution and inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. In addition acetylcholinesterase and voltage-gated ion channel of Fathead minnow and Daphnia magna are important targets for toxicants. The on-line version of the OCHEM expert system (https://ochem.eu) were used for a comparative QSAR investigation. The proposed QSAR models comply with the OECD principles and can be used to reliably predict acute toxicity of organic compounds towards Fathead minnow, Daphnia magna and Tetrahymena pyriformis with allowance for applicability domain estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Tinkov
- Department of Computer Science, Military Institute of the Ministry of Defense, 3300, Gogol str. 2"B", Tiraspol, Transdniestria, Moldova.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Transnistrian State University, 3300, October 25 str. 128, Tiraspol, Transdniestria, Moldova
| | - Pavel Polishchuk
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Palacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 5, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Matveieva
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Palacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 5, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Veniamin Grigorev
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432, Severniy proezd 1, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
| | - Ludmila Grigoreva
- Department of Fundamental Physical and Chemical Engineering, Moscow State University, 119991, Leninskiye Gory 1/51, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri Porozov
- World-Class Research Center "Digital biodesign and personalized healthcare", I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Computational Biology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340, Olympic Ave 1, Sochi, Russia
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15
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Robea MA, Jijie R, Nicoara M, Plavan G, Ciobica AS, Solcan C, Audira G, Hsiao CD, Strungaru SA. Vitamin C Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Behavioral Abnormalities Triggered by Fipronil and Pyriproxyfen Insecticide Chronic Exposure on Zebrafish Juvenile. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E944. [PMID: 33019596 PMCID: PMC7600883 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to synthetic insecticides in the early life of a child can lead to a series of disorders. Several causes as parental age, maternal smoking, birth complications, and exposure to toxins such as insecticides on childhood can lead to Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) occurrence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential protective role of vitamin C (Vit. C) from children's supplements after 14 days chronic exposure to insecticide mixture fipronil (Fip) + pyriproxyfen (Pyr) on juvenile zebrafish for swimming performances, social behavior and oxidative stress associated with ASD model. Juvenile (14-17 mm) wild-type AB zebrafish (Danio rerio) (45 days) were exposed to relevant concentrations: vit. C (25 µg L-1), Fip (600 µg L-1/1.372 μM) + Pyr (600 µg L-1/1.89 μM), and [Fip (600 µg L-1/1.372 μM) + Pyr (600 µg L-1 /1.89 μM)] + vit. C (25 µg L-1). Our results showed that insecticides can disturb the social behavior of zebrafish during 14 days of the administration, decreased the swimming performances, and elevated the oxidative stress biomarkers of SOD (superoxide dismutase), GPx (glutathione peroxidase), and MDA (malondialdehyde). The vitamin C supplement significantly attenuated the neurotoxicity of insecticide mixture and oxidative stress. This study provides possible in vivo evidence to show that vitamin C supplements could attenuate oxidative stress and brain damage of fipronil and pyriproxyfen insecticide chronic exposure on zebrafish juvenile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Andreea Robea
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I, 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania; (M.A.R.); (M.N.); (G.P.)
| | - Roxana Jijie
- Marine Biological Station “Prof. dr. I. Borcea”, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Nicolae Titulescu Street, No. 163, 907018 Agigea, Constanta, Romania;
| | - Mircea Nicoara
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I, 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania; (M.A.R.); (M.N.); (G.P.)
| | - Gabriel Plavan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I, 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania; (M.A.R.); (M.N.); (G.P.)
| | - Alin Stelian Ciobica
- Marine Biological Station “Prof. dr. I. Borcea”, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Nicolae Titulescu Street, No. 163, 907018 Agigea, Constanta, Romania;
| | - Carmen Solcan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Ion Ionescu de la Brad, 8, Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700489 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Gilbert Audira
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Der Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan
| | - Stefan-Adrian Strungaru
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Science Research Department, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Lascar Catargi Str. 54, 700107 Iasi, Romania;
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16
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Song XF, Ding TM, Zhu D, Huang J, Chen ZM. Lewis-Acid-Mediated Intramolecular Trifluoromethylthiolation of Alkenes with Phenols: Access to SCF 3-Containing Chromane and Dihydrobenzofuran Compounds. Org Lett 2020; 22:7052-7056. [PMID: 32840107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A Lewis-acid-mediated intramolecular trifluoromethylthiolation of alkenes with phenols that can offer direct access to SCF3-containing chromane and dihydrobenzofuran compounds was disclosed for the first time. Numerous SCF3-containing chromanes were obtained in moderate to good yields using γ-substituted 2-allyphenols as substrates. Meanwhile, various SCF3-containing dihydrobenzofurans with oxa-quaternary centers were also delivered in moderate to good yields using β-substituted 2-allyphenols as substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Feng Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs and Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Tong-Mei Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs and Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Deng Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs and Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jie Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs and Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Min Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs and Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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17
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Abstract
The inhibitory glycine receptor is a member of the Cys-loop superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels. It is the principal mediator of rapid synaptic inhibition in the spinal cord and brainstem and plays an important role in the modulation of higher brain functions including vision, hearing, and pain signaling. Glycine receptor function is controlled by only a few agonists, while the number of antagonists and positive or biphasic modulators is steadily increasing. These modulators are important for the study of receptor activation and regulation and have found clinical interest as potential analgesics and anticonvulsants. High-resolution structures of the receptor have become available recently, adding to our understanding of structure-function relationships and revealing agonistic, inhibitory, and modulatory sites on the receptor protein. This Review presents an overview of compounds that activate, inhibit, or modulate glycine receptor function in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Breitinger
- Department of Biochemistry, German University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
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18
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Saberi F, Bahrami F, Saberi M, Mashhadi Akbar Boojar M. The pro-convulsant effects of diazinon low dose in male rats under amygdala kindling. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:625-632. [PMID: 32249606 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1746801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphates can damage the brain in systemic intoxication. In this study, the effects of a minimum toxic dose (MTD) of diazinon (DZ) on amygdala afterdischarge threshold (ADT), kindling acquisition and kindled seizure parameters were evaluated. Intact male rats were stereotactically implanted with a tripolar and two monopolar electrodes in the amygdala and dura respectively. After recovery, animals received daily either, olive oil (control), 15 or 30 mg/kg (MTD) of DZ intraperitoneally, and ADT, afterdischarge duration (ADD) at each stage (S1 to S5) of kindling and number of trials for kindling acquisition were determined daily. Also, the effect of DZ on stage 4 latency (S4L), ADD, stage 5 duration (S5D) and the activity of the red blood cholinesterase (ChE) were evaluated. The ADT was lower and the ADD was longer significantly in DZ treated group in comparison to control (p < 0.01) and the number of trials to reach each stage of kindling acquisition was reduced (p < 0.001). The total amount of ADDs during the kindling procedure increased significantly 5 days after DZ treatment. While the S4L was reduced, the S5D increased significantly after DZ treatment. The ChE activity was inhibited significantly after 20 min of DZ treatment and continued till 24 h (p < 0.01). Data indicate that even half of the MTD of DZ could increase the sensitivity and excitability of the CNS to the epileptic activity at least via reduction of stimulation threshold and AD prolongation. Furthermore, repeated exposure to the low concentrations of organophosphates may be pro-convulsant and should be restricted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Saberi
- Department of Dermatology, Razi Skin Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Bahrami
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Saberi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mashhadi Akbar Boojar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Atif M, Lynch JW, Keramidas A. The effects of insecticides on two splice variants of the glutamate-gated chloride channel receptor of the major malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 177:175-187. [PMID: 31479507 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Between half to 1 million people die annually from malaria. Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes are major malaria vectors. Unfortunately, resistance has emerged to the agents currently used to control A. gambiae, creating a demand for novel control measures. The pentameric glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl) expressed in the muscle and nerve cells of these organisms are a potentially important biological target for malaria control. The pharmacological properties of Anophiline GluCl receptors are, however, largely unknown. Accordingly, we compared the efficacy of four insecticides (lindane, fipronil, picrotoxin, and ivermectin) on two A. gambiae GluCl receptor splice variants with the aim of providing a molecular basis for designing novel anti-malaria treatments. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The A. gambiae GluCl receptor b1 and c splice variants were expressed homomerically in Xenopus laevis oocytes and studied with electrophysiological techniques, using two-electrode voltage-clamp. KEY RESULTS The b1 and c GluCl receptors were activated with similar potencies by glutamate and ivermectin. Fipronil was more potent than picrotoxin and lindane at inhibiting glutamate- and ivermectin-gated currents. Importantly, b1 GluCl receptors exhibited reduced sensitivity to picrotoxin and lindane. They also recovered from these effects to a greater extent than c GluCl receptors CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The two splice variant subunits exhibited differential sensitivities to multiple, structurally divergent insecticides, without accompanying changes in the sensitivity to the endogenous neurotransmitter, glutamate, implying that drug resistance may be caused by alterations in relative subunit expression levels, without affecting physiological function. Our results strongly suggest that it should be feasible to develop novel subunit-specific pharmacological agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Atif
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joseph W Lynch
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Angelo Keramidas
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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20
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Song W, Zheng N, Li M, He J, Li J, Dong K, Ullah K, Zheng Y. Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed Regioselective Azide‐internal Alkynyl Trifluoromethyl Sulfide Cycloaddition and Azide‐internal Thioalkyne Cycloaddition under Mild Conditions. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wangze Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and TechnologyDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and TechnologyDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and TechnologyDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
| | - Junnan He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
| | - Junhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and TechnologyDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and TechnologyDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
| | - Karim Ullah
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and TechnologyDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
| | - Yubin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
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21
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Zortéa T, Dos Reis TR, Serafini S, de Sousa JP, da Silva AS, Baretta D. Ecotoxicological effect of fipronil and its metabolites on Folsomia candida in tropical soils. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 62:203-209. [PMID: 30077901 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the toxicity of the fipronil and its metabolites, fipronil sulfone and fipronil desulfinyl on Folsomia candida. Three types of soils were used to perform the ecotoxicological tests, two natural soils (Oxisol and Entisol), and an artificial substrate (Tropical Artificial Soil). The treatments consisted of increasing doses of a veterinary medicinal product with active ingredient based on fipronil, and of its two main metabolites, fipronil sulfone and fipronil desulfinyl. The doses of fipronil were 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.15, 0.30, 0.60, and 1.00 mg kg-1 of the active ingredient. For fipronil sulfone and fipronil desulfinyl the doses tested were: 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.15, 0.30, 0.60, 1.00, and 5.00 mg kg-1. The effects of toxicity on F. candida were evaluated by survival and reproduction tests, based on the methods described by ISO 11267. There was a completely randomized design, with six replicates for the fipronil tests and eight for the metabolites. We show that fipronil and its metabolites, even at very low concentrations, are toxic to F. candida. Reduction of reproduction can be observed at concentrations of 0.15 mg kg-1. There was little difference in toxicity (LC50 and EC50) between fipronil and its metabolites. Rather, differences were related more to soil type, where the artificial soil was more sensitive than the two natural soils (Oxisol and Entisol). We conclude that it is important to perform ecotoxicological tests in natural soils, in order to generate more realistic representations of veterinary drug toxicity on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talyta Zortéa
- Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680-E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Tamires Rodrigues Dos Reis
- Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680-E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Suélen Serafini
- Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680-E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - José Paulo de Sousa
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Aleksandro Schafer da Silva
- Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680-E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
| | - Dilmar Baretta
- Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680-E, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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22
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Fipronil causes toxicity in mouse preimplantation embryos. Toxicology 2018; 410:214-221. [PMID: 30130558 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study the possible toxicity of phenylpyrazole fipronil, the related commercial product FIPRON spot-on as well as FIPRON spot-on secondary ingredients on the developmental capacities and quality of mouse preimplantation embryos was evaluated. During in vitro tests, isolated two-cell stage embryos were cultured in media with addition of the listed chemicals until blastocyst formation. Stereomicroscopic evaluation of in vitro produced embryos showed that fipronil at 1 μM and higher concentration negatively affected embryonic development. Fluorescence staining revealed that the obtained blastocysts displayed lower numbers of blastomeres at 10 μM concentrations and elevated incidence of cell death from 1 μM concentration. The presence of FIPRON spot-on at a concentration equivalent to 10 μM of fipronil caused massive degeneration of all embryos. Secondary ingredients (butylhydroxyanisolum, butylhydroxytoluenum) at corresponding concentrations negatively impacted the development and quality of preimplantation embryos as well. During in vivo tests (daily oral administration of fipronil during the preimplantation period) in embryos collected from treated mouse females, significantly elevated incidence of cell death was observed even at the acute reference dose. Fipronil impaired the development and quality of mouse preimplantation embryos in both in vitro and in vivo tests. Embryotoxicity of the commercial product FIPRON spot-on was potentiated by the presence of secondary ingredients.
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23
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Wang N, Wang C, Li H, Fang L, Ding R, Mao J, Chen Z, Yang G, Aboul-Enein HY. Determination of fipronil and its metabolites in eggs by UPLC-QqLIT-MS/MS with multistage mass spectrometry mode. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2018.1485041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Institution of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-product, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Food Quality and Security, Jinan, China
| | - Huidong Li
- Institution of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-product, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Food Quality and Security, Jinan, China
| | - Liping Fang
- Institution of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-product, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Food Quality and Security, Jinan, China
| | - Ruiyan Ding
- Institution of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-product, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Food Quality and Security, Jinan, China
| | - Jiangsheng Mao
- Institution of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-product, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Food Quality and Security, Jinan, China
| | - Zilei Chen
- Institution of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-product, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Food Quality and Security, Jinan, China
| | - Guosheng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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24
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Ascenzi P, Leboffe L, Toti D, Polticelli F, Trezza V. Fipronil recognition by the FA1 site of human serum albumin. J Mol Recognit 2018; 31:e2713. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy; Roma Tre University; I-00146 Rome Italy
| | - Loris Leboffe
- Department of Sciences; Roma Tre University; I-00146 Rome Italy
| | - Daniele Toti
- Department of Sciences; Roma Tre University; I-00146 Rome Italy
| | - Fabio Polticelli
- Department of Sciences; Roma Tre University; I-00146 Rome Italy
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Roma Tre Section; I-00146 Rome Italy
| | - Viviana Trezza
- Department of Sciences; Roma Tre University; I-00146 Rome Italy
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25
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Kuenzel K, Mofrad SA, Gilbert DF. Phenotyping Cellular Viability by Functional Analysis of Ion Channels: GlyR-Targeted Screening in NT2-N Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1601:205-214. [PMID: 28470528 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6960-9_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycine receptor chloride channels (GlyRs) are attractive drug targets for therapeutic intervention and are also more and more recognized in the context of in vitro neurotoxicity and developmental neurotoxicity testing. Assaying the functional properties of GlyR can serve as an indicator of cellular viability and the integrity of the developing and mature central nervous system. Human pluripotent NTERA-2 (NT2) stem cells undergo neuronal differentiation upon stimulation with retinoic acid and express a large variety of neuronal proteins-including GlyR. YFP-I152L, a halide-sensitive variant of yellow fluorescent protein, allows high-throughput fluorescence-based functional analysis of GlyRs in NT2 cells. Here we describe a protocol for phenotyping of cellular viability by functional analysis of GlyR in neuronally differentiated NT2 (NT2-N) cells using YFP-I152L as a reporter of functional integrity of GlyRs. The protocol describes neuronal differentiation of NT2 stem cells, transient transfection of NT2-N cells with YFP-I152L as well as functional imaging and analysis of data from high-content imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Kuenzel
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Sepideh Abolpour Mofrad
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel F Gilbert
- Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Paul-Gordan-Street 3, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
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26
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Guo JY, Dai RH, Xu WC, Wu RX, Tian SK. TfNHNHBoc as a SCF3 source for the sulfenylation of indoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:8980-8982. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04600j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented use of TfNHNHBoc as an effective SCF3 source has been established in the copper-catalyzed oxidative sulfenylation of indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yu Guo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Rui-Han Dai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Wen-Cong Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Ruo-Xin Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Shi-Kai Tian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
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27
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Transition-metal-free direct trifluoromethylthiolation of electron-rich aromatics using CF3SO2Na in the presence of PhPCl2. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Zhao X, Wei A, Yang B, Li T, Li Q, Qiu D, Lu K. Transition-Metal-Free Direct Trifluoromethylthiolation and Trifluoromethylsulfoxidation of Electron-Rich Aromatics with CF3SO2Na in the Presence of PCl3. J Org Chem 2017; 82:9175-9181. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhao
- College
of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance
for Functional Molecules, Key Laboratory of Inorganic−Organic
Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Aoqi Wei
- College
of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance
for Functional Molecules, Key Laboratory of Inorganic−Organic
Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Bo Yang
- College
of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance
for Functional Molecules, Key Laboratory of Inorganic−Organic
Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Tianjiao Li
- College
of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance
for Functional Molecules, Key Laboratory of Inorganic−Organic
Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Quan Li
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Di Qiu
- College
of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance
for Functional Molecules, Key Laboratory of Inorganic−Organic
Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Kui Lu
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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Amorim J, Fernandes M, Vasconcelos V, Oliva Teles L. Evaluation of the sensitivity spectrum of a video tracking system with zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to five different toxicants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:16086-16096. [PMID: 28537027 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9262-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a biological early warning system for the detection of aquatic toxicity and test it with five toxicants with distinct chemical nature. This was done in order to verify the spectrum of sensitivities of the proposed system, as well as the potential identification capability of the tested contaminants, using only the analysis of zebrafish's behavior. Six experimental conditions were tested: negative control and five toxicants (bleach, lindane, tributyltin, mercury, and formaldehyde). The exposure time was 45 min, and the concentrations used corresponded to 9% of LC50's-96 h for the tested compounds, to ensure ecologically relevant results. A total of 108 fish were used, with each individual experimental condition being tested 18 times. A statistical model of diagnosis was used, combining self-organizing map and correspondence analysis. The values of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, false positive, false negative, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated. The objectives of the work were accomplished and the system showed a good overall diagnostic performance with 79% in accuracy, 77% in sensitivity, and 88% in specificity. The lowest result of the predictive values was 78% (lindane and mercury), in the case of the NPV, and 86% (bleach and lindane), in the case of the PPV. The best result of the predictive values was 100% (bleach and tributyltin), for the NPV, and 89% (tributyltin), for the PPV. Regarding the five tested toxicants, the system was able to correctly identify the agent responsible for the contamination in 40% of the positive diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Amorim
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre (s/n), 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Miguel Fernandes
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre (s/n), 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre (s/n), 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos (s/n), 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Luis Oliva Teles
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre (s/n), 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos (s/n), 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
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30
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Maleeva G, Peiretti F, Zhorov BS, Bregestovski P. Voltage-Dependent Inhibition of Glycine Receptor Channels by Niflumic Acid. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:125. [PMID: 28559795 PMCID: PMC5432571 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Niflumic acid (NFA) is a member of the fenamate class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This compound and its derivatives are used worldwide clinically for the relief of chronic and acute pain. NFA is also a commonly used blocker of voltage-gated chloride channels. Here we present evidence that NFA is an efficient blocker of chloride-permeable glycine receptors (GlyRs) with subunit heterogeneity of action. Using the whole-cell configuration of patch-clamp recordings and molecular modeling, we analyzed the action of NFA on homomeric α1ΔIns, α2B, α3L, and heteromeric α1β and α2β GlyRs expressed in CHO cells. NFA inhibited glycine-induced currents in a voltage-dependent manner and its blocking potency in α2 and α3 GlyRs was higher than that in α1 GlyR. The Woodhull analysis suggests that NFA blocks α1 and α2 GlyRs at the fractional electrical distances of 0.16 and 0.65 from the external membrane surface, respectively. Thus, NFA binding site in α1 GlyR is closer to the external part of the membrane, while in α2 GlyR it is significantly deeper in the pore. Mutation G254A at the cytoplasmic part of the α1 GlyR pore-lining TM2 helix (level 2') increased the NFA blocking potency, while incorporation of the β subunit did not have a significant effect. The Hill plot analysis suggests that α1 and α2 GlyRs are preferably blocked by two and one NFA molecules, respectively. Molecular modeling using Monte Carlo energy minimizations provides the structural rationale for the experimental data and proposes more than one interaction site along the pore where NFA can suppress the ion permeation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galyna Maleeva
- INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille UniversityMarseille, France.,Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of PhysiologyKyiv, Ukraine
| | - Franck Peiretti
- INSERM 1062, INRA 1260, NORT, Aix-Marseille UniversityMarseille, France
| | - Boris S Zhorov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of SciencesSt. Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster UniversityHamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Piotr Bregestovski
- INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille UniversityMarseille, France.,Department of Physiology, Kazan State Medical UniversityKazan, Russia
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31
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Qu C, Wu Z, Li W, Du H, Zhu C. Electron Catalytic Photochemical Cascade Carbodifluoroalkylation/Radical Cyclization of Methylene-2-oxazolines. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhua Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongkai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 People's Republic of China
| | - Weipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 People's Republic of China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
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32
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Liu XG, Li Q, Wang H. (Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)cobalt(III)-Catalyzed Direct Trifluoromethylthiolation of Arenes via C−H Activation. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Ge Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Qingjiang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Honggen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
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33
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Lynch JW, Zhang Y, Talwar S, Estrada-Mondragon A. Glycine Receptor Drug Discovery. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 79:225-253. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Qu H, Ma RX, Liu DH, Gao J, Wang F, Zhou ZQ, Wang P. Environmental behavior of the chiral insecticide fipronil: Enantioselective toxicity, distribution and transformation in aquatic ecosystem. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 105:138-146. [PMID: 27614034 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The enantioselective environmental behaviors of the chiral insecticide fipronil and its metabolites in lab-scale aquatic ecosystems were studied and the toxicity of fipronil enantiomers and the metabolites to non-target organisms Lemna minor (L. minor) and Anodonta woodiana (A. woodiana) was also investigated in this work. Water-sediment, water-L. minor, water-A. woodiana, and water-sediment-L. minor-A. woodiana ecosystems were set up and exposed to fipronil through a 90-day period. The results showed fipronil could be degraded significantly faster (half-life of 4.6 days) in the complex water-sediment-L. minor-A. woodiana ecosystem. A. woodiana played a crucial role in the dissipation of fipronil, and the microorganisms in the sediment also made great contribution to the degradation of fipronil in aquatic ecosystems. All the three metabolites fipronil desulfinyl, fipronil sulfide and fipronil sulfone were detected in the ecosystems and were more persistent than fipronil. Enantioselective degradation of fipronil was observed with S-fipronil being preferentially degraded in sediment and L. minor, while R-fipronil was metabolized preferentially in A. woodiana. EC50 for L. minor was obtained using 7-day exposure, and for A. woodiana was obtained using 72-h exposure. S-fipronil was more toxic to A. woodiana, while R-fipronil showed higher toxicity to L. minor. Moreover, the three metabolites were found more toxic than fipronil indicating significant environment risks due to their persistence. The present study might have important implications for the risk assessment of fipronil and its metabolites in real aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Qu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Rui-Xue Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Dong-Hui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jing Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Fang Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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35
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Nguyen T, Chiu W, Wang X, Sattler MO, Love JA. Ligandless Nickel-Catalyzed Ortho-Selective Directed Trifluoromethylthiolation of Aryl Chlorides and Bromides Using AgSCF3. Org Lett 2016; 18:5492-5495. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tin Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Weiling Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Xinying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Madeleine O. Sattler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Jennifer A. Love
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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36
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Wang X, Martínez MA, Wu Q, Ares I, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Anadón A, Yuan Z. Fipronil insecticide toxicology: oxidative stress and metabolism. Crit Rev Toxicol 2016; 46:876-899. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2016.1223014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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37
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Kuenzel K, Friedrich O, Gilbert DF. A Recombinant Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Line Stably Expressing Halide-Sensitive YFP-I152L for GABAAR and GlyR-Targeted High-Throughput Drug Screening and Toxicity Testing. Front Mol Neurosci 2016; 9:51. [PMID: 27445687 PMCID: PMC4923258 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
GABAARs and GlyRs are considered attractive drug targets for therapeutic intervention and are also increasingly recognized in the context of in vitro neurotoxicity (NT) and developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) testing. However, systematic human-specific GABAAR and GlyR-targeted drug screening and toxicity testing is hampered due to lack of appropriate in vitro models that express native GABAARs and GlyRs. We have established a human pluripotent stem cell line (NT2) stably expressing YFP-I152L, a halide-sensitive variant of yellow fluorescent protein (YFP), allowing for fluorescence-based functional analysis of chloride channels. Upon stimulation with retinoic acid, NT2 cells undergo neuronal differentiation and allow pharmacological and toxicological evaluation of native GABAARs and GlyRs at different stages of brain maturation. We applied the cell line in concentration-response experiments with the neurotransmitters GABA and glycine as well as with the drugs strychnine, picrotoxin, fipronil, lindane, bicuculline, and zinc and demonstrate that the established in vitro model is applicable to GABAAR and GlyR-targeted pharmacological and toxicological profiling. We quantified the proportion of GABAAR and GlyR-sensitive cells, respectively, and identified percentages of approximately 20% each within the overall populations, rendering the cells a suitable model for systematic in vitro GABAAR and GlyR-targeted screening in the context of drug development and NT/DNT testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Kuenzel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangen, Germany; Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangen, Germany; Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel F Gilbert
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangen, Germany; Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangen, Germany
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38
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Maleeva G, Buldakova S, Bregestovski P. Selective potentiation of alpha 1 glycine receptors by ginkgolic acid. Front Mol Neurosci 2015; 8:64. [PMID: 26578878 PMCID: PMC4624854 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2015.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycine receptors (GlyRs) belong to the superfamily of pentameric cys-loop receptor-operated channels and are involved in numerous physiological functions, including movement, vision, and pain. In search for compounds performing subunit-specific modulation of GlyRs we studied action of ginkgolic acid, an abundant Ginkgo biloba product. Using patch-clamp recordings, we analyzed the effects of ginkgolic acid in concentrations from 30 nM to 25 μM on α1–α3 and α1/β, α2/β configurations of GlyR and on GABAARs expressed in cultured CHO-K1 cells and mouse neuroblastoma (N2a) cells. Ginkgolic acid caused an increase in the amplitude of currents mediated by homomeric α1 and heteromeric α1/β GlyRs and provoked a left-shift of the concentration-dependent curves for glycine. Even at high concentrations (10–25 μM) ginkgolic acid was not able to augment ionic currents mediated by α2, α2/β, and α3 GlyRs, or by GABAAR consisting of α1/β2/γ2 subunits. Mutation of three residues (T59A/A261G/A303S) in the α2 GlyR subunit to the corresponding ones from the α1 converted the action of ginkgolic acid to potentiation with a distinct decrease in EC50 for glycine, suggesting an important role for these residues in modulation by ginkgolic acid. Our results suggest that ginkgolic acid is a novel selective enhancer of α1 GlyRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galyna Maleeva
- Aix Marseille Université, INS UMR_S 1106 Marseille, France ; INSERM, UMR_S 1106 Marseille, France ; Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Svetlana Buldakova
- Aix Marseille Université, INS UMR_S 1106 Marseille, France ; INSERM, UMR_S 1106 Marseille, France
| | - Piotr Bregestovski
- Aix Marseille Université, INS UMR_S 1106 Marseille, France ; INSERM, UMR_S 1106 Marseille, France
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39
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Chu XQ, Meng H, Xu XP, Ji SJ. One-Pot Synthesis of Allylic Sulfones, Ketosulfones, and Triflyl Allylic Alcohols from Domino Reactions of Allylic Alcohols with Sulfinic Acid under Metal-Free Conditions. Chemistry 2015; 21:11359-68. [PMID: 26096856 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free tandem procedure by using a sulfonylation reaction of aryl allylic alcohols followed by an iodobenzenediacetate (PIDA)-promoted oxidative functionalization has been established. Allylic sulfones, γ-ketosulfones, and triflyl allylic alcohols have been constructed in a single operation. The methodology incorporates the sulfonyl (both aryl and triflyl) functionality with a simple work-up procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qiang Chu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123 (China)
| | - Hua Meng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123 (China)
| | - Xiao-Ping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123 (China).
| | - Shun-Jun Ji
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123 (China).
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40
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Raftery TD, Volz DC. Abamectin induces rapid and reversible hypoactivity within early zebrafish embryos. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2015; 49:10-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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41
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Multiparametric characterisation of neuronal network activity for in vitro agrochemical neurotoxicity assessment. Neurotoxicology 2015; 48:152-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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42
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Zhang Y, Dixon CL, Keramidas A, Lynch JW. Functional reconstitution of glycinergic synapses incorporating defined glycine receptor subunit combinations. Neuropharmacology 2015; 89:391-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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43
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Price KL, Lummis SCR. An atypical residue in the pore of Varroa destructor GABA-activated RDL receptors affects picrotoxin block and thymol modulation. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 55:19-25. [PMID: 25460510 PMCID: PMC4261083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
GABA-activated RDL receptors are the insect equivalent of mammalian GABAA receptors, and play a vital role in neurotransmission and insecticide action. Here we clone the pore lining M2 region of the Varroa mite RDL receptor and show that it has 4 atypical residues when compared to M2 regions of most other insects, including bees, which are the major host of Varroa mites. We create mutant Drosophila RDL receptors containing these substitutions and characterise their effects on function. Using two electrode voltage clamp electrophysiology we show that one substitution (T6'M) ablates picrotoxin inhibition and increases the potency of GABA. This mutation also alters the effect of thymol, which enhances both insect and mammalian GABA responses, and is widely used as a miticide. Thymol decreases the GABA EC50 of WT receptors, enhancing responses, but in T6'M-containing receptors it is inhibitory. The other 3 atypical residues have no major effects on either the GABA EC50, the picrotoxin potency or the effect of thymol. In conclusion we show that the RDL 6' residue is important for channel block, activation and modulation, and understanding its function also has the potential to prove useful in the design of Varroa-specific insecticidal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry L Price
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
| | - Sarah C R Lummis
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK.
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44
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Xu XH, Matsuzaki K, Shibata N. Synthetic methods for compounds having CF3-S units on carbon by trifluoromethylation, trifluoromethylthiolation, triflylation, and related reactions. Chem Rev 2014; 115:731-64. [PMID: 25121343 DOI: 10.1021/cr500193b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 836] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Hua Xu
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Science and Department of Frontier Materials, Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
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45
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Bode A, Wood SE, Mullins JGL, Keramidas A, Cushion TD, Thomas RH, Pickrell WO, Drew CJG, Masri A, Jones EA, Vassallo G, Born AP, Alehan F, Aharoni S, Bannasch G, Bartsch M, Kara B, Krause A, Karam EG, Matta S, Jain V, Mandel H, Freilinger M, Graham GE, Hobson E, Chatfield S, Vincent-Delorme C, Rahme JE, Afawi Z, Berkovic SF, Howell OW, Vanbellinghen JF, Rees MI, Chung SK, Lynch JW. New hyperekplexia mutations provide insight into glycine receptor assembly, trafficking, and activation mechanisms. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:33745-33759. [PMID: 24108130 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.509240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperekplexia is a syndrome of readily provoked startle responses, alongside episodic and generalized hypertonia, that presents within the first month of life. Inhibitory glycine receptors are pentameric ligand-gated ion channels with a definitive and clinically well stratified linkage to hyperekplexia. Most hyperekplexia cases are caused by mutations in the α1 subunit of the human glycine receptor (hGlyR) gene (GLRA1). Here we analyzed 68 new unrelated hyperekplexia probands for GLRA1 mutations and identified 19 mutations, of which 9 were novel. Electrophysiological analysis demonstrated that the dominant mutations p.Q226E, p.V280M, and p.R414H induced spontaneous channel activity, indicating that this is a recurring mechanism in hGlyR pathophysiology. p.Q226E, at the top of TM1, most likely induced tonic activation via an enhanced electrostatic attraction to p.R271 at the top of TM2, suggesting a structural mechanism for channel activation. Receptors incorporating p.P230S (which is heterozygous with p.R65W) desensitized much faster than wild type receptors and represent a new TM1 site capable of modulating desensitization. The recessive mutations p.R72C, p.R218W, p.L291P, p.D388A, and p.E375X precluded cell surface expression unless co-expressed with α1 wild type subunits. The recessive p.E375X mutation resulted in subunit truncation upstream of the TM4 domain. Surprisingly, on the basis of three independent assays, we were able to infer that p.E375X truncated subunits are incorporated into functional hGlyRs together with unmutated α1 or α1 plus β subunits. These aberrant receptors exhibit significantly reduced glycine sensitivity. To our knowledge, this is the first suggestion that subunits lacking TM4 domains might be incorporated into functional pentameric ligand-gated ion channel receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bode
- University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Sian-Elin Wood
- Department of Neurology Research and Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan G L Mullins
- Department of Neurology Research and Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Angelo Keramidas
- University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Thomas D Cushion
- Department of Neurology Research and Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Rhys H Thomas
- Department of Neurology Research and Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom; Wales Epilepsy Research Network, College of Medicine, Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - William O Pickrell
- Department of Neurology Research and Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom; Wales Epilepsy Research Network, College of Medicine, Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Cheney J G Drew
- Department of Neurology Research and Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom; Wales Epilepsy Research Network, College of Medicine, Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Amira Masri
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Elizabeth A Jones
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom; Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - Grace Vassallo
- Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - Alfred P Born
- Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fusun Alehan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Basşkent University, 06990 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sharon Aharoni
- Institute of Pediatric Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva 49202, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69987, Israel
| | - Gerald Bannasch
- Neurology Department, Affinity Medical Group, Menasha, Wisconsin 54952
| | - Marius Bartsch
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bulent Kara
- Kocaeli University Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, 41380 Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Amanda Krause
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service, and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 2000 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Elie G Karam
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Balamand University, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut 1100 2807, Lebanon
| | - Stephanie Matta
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Balamand University, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut 1100 2807, Lebanon
| | - Vivek Jain
- Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Children's Neuroscience Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Hanna Mandel
- Metabolic Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Rambam Medical Center, Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Michael Freilinger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gail E Graham
- Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Emma Hobson
- Yorkshire Regional Genetic Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Sue Chatfield
- Neonatal Unit, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD9 6RJ, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Zaid Afawi
- Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Samuel F Berkovic
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Melbourne Brain Centre, Austin Health, Heidelberg 3084, Victoria, Australia
| | - Owain W Howell
- Department of Neurology Research and Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom; Wales Epilepsy Research Network, College of Medicine, Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mark I Rees
- Department of Neurology Research and Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom; Wales Epilepsy Research Network, College of Medicine, Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Seo-Kyung Chung
- Department of Neurology Research and Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom; Wales Epilepsy Research Network, College of Medicine, Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph W Lynch
- University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Nakao T, Banba S, Nomura M, Hirase K. Meta-diamide insecticides acting on distinct sites of RDL GABA receptor from those for conventional noncompetitive antagonists. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 43:366-375. [PMID: 23416568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The RDL GABA receptor is an attractive target of insecticides. Here we demonstrate that meta-diamides [3-benzamido-N-(4-(perfluoropropan-2-yl)phenyl)benzamides] are a distinct class of RDL GABA receptor antagonists showing high insecticidal activity against Spodoptera litura. We also suggest that the mode of action of the meta-diamides is distinct from that of conventional noncompetitive antagonists (NCAs), such as fipronil, picrotoxin, lindane, dieldrin, and α-endosulfan. Using a membrane potential assay, we examined the effects of the meta-diamide 3-benzamido-N-(2-bromo-4-(perfluoropropan-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2-fluorobenzamide (meta-diamide 7) and NCAs on mutant Drosophila RDL GABA receptors expressed in Drosophila Mel-2 cells. NCAs had little or no inhibitory activity against at least one of the three mutant receptors (A2'S, A2'G, and A2'N), which were reported to confer resistance to NCAs. In contrast, meta-diamide 7 inhibited all three A2' mutant receptors, at levels comparable to its activity with the wild-type receptor. Furthermore, the A2'S·T6'V mutation almost abolished the inhibitory effects of all NCAs. However, meta-diamide 7 inhibited the A2'S・T6'S mutant receptor at the same level as its activity with the wild-type receptor. In contrast, a G336M mutation in the third transmembrane domain of the RDL GABA receptor abolished the inhibitory activities of meta-diamide 7, although the G336M mutation had little effect on the inhibitory activities of conventional NCAs. Molecular modeling studies also suggested that the binding site of meta-diamides was different from those of NCAs. Meta-diamide insecticides are expected to be prominent insecticides effective against A2' mutant RDL GABA receptors with a different mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Nakao
- Agrochemicals Research Center, Mitsui Chemicals Agro, Inc., Mobara, Chiba 297-0017, Japan.
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Talwar S, Lynch JW, Gilbert DF. Fluorescence-based high-throughput functional profiling of ligand-gated ion channels at the level of single cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58479. [PMID: 23520514 PMCID: PMC3592791 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels are involved in many physiological processes and are attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. Their functional properties vary according to their subunit composition, which in turn varies in a developmental and tissue-specific manner and as a consequence of pathophysiological events. Understanding this diversity requires functional analysis of ion channel properties in large numbers of individual cells. Functional characterisation of ligand-gated channels involves quantitating agonist and drug dose-response relationships using electrophysiological or fluorescence-based techniques. Electrophysiology is limited by low throughput and high-throughput fluorescence-based functional evaluation generally does not enable the characterization of the functional properties of each individual cell. Here we describe a fluorescence-based assay that characterizes functional channel properties at single cell resolution in high throughput mode. It is based on progressive receptor activation and iterative fluorescence imaging and delivers >100 dose-responses in a single well of a 384-well plate, using α1-3 homomeric and αβ heteromeric glycine receptor (GlyR) chloride channels as a model system. We applied this assay with transiently transfected HEK293 cells co-expressing halide-sensitive yellow fluorescent protein and different GlyR subunit combinations. Glycine EC50 values of different GlyR isoforms were highly correlated with published electrophysiological data and confirm previously reported pharmacological profiles for the GlyR inhibitors, picrotoxin, strychnine and lindane. We show that inter and intra well variability is low and that clustering of functional phenotypes permits identification of drugs with subunit-specific pharmacological profiles. As this method dramatically improves the efficiency with which ion channel populations can be characterized in the context of cellular heterogeneity, it should facilitate systems-level analysis of ion channel properties in health and disease and the discovery of therapeutics to reverse pathological alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Talwar
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joseph W. Lynch
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel F. Gilbert
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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48
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James VM, Bode A, Chung SK, Gill JL, Nielsen M, Cowan FM, Vujic M, Thomas RH, Rees MI, Harvey K, Keramidas A, Topf M, Ginjaar I, Lynch JW, Harvey RJ. Novel missense mutations in the glycine receptor β subunit gene (GLRB) in startle disease. Neurobiol Dis 2012; 52:137-49. [PMID: 23238346 PMCID: PMC3581774 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Startle disease is a rare, potentially fatal neuromotor disorder characterized by exaggerated startle reflexes and hypertonia in response to sudden unexpected auditory, visual or tactile stimuli. Mutations in the GlyR α(1) subunit gene (GLRA1) are the major cause of this disorder, since remarkably few individuals with mutations in the GlyR β subunit gene (GLRB) have been found to date. Systematic DNA sequencing of GLRB in individuals with hyperekplexia revealed new missense mutations in GLRB, resulting in M177R, L285R and W310C substitutions. The recessive mutation M177R results in the insertion of a positively-charged residue into a hydrophobic pocket in the extracellular domain, resulting in an increased EC(50) and decreased maximal responses of α(1)β GlyRs. The de novo mutation L285R results in the insertion of a positively-charged side chain into the pore-lining 9' position. Mutations at this site are known to destabilize the channel closed state and produce spontaneously active channels. Consistent with this, we identified a leak conductance associated with spontaneous GlyR activity in cells expressing α(1)β(L285R) GlyRs. Peak currents were also reduced for α(1)β(L285R) GlyRs although glycine sensitivity was normal. W310C was predicted to interfere with hydrophobic side-chain stacking between M1, M2 and M3. We found that W310C had no effect on glycine sensitivity, but reduced maximal currents in α(1)β GlyRs in both homozygous (α(1)β(W310C)) and heterozygous (α(1)ββ(W310C)) stoichiometries. Since mild startle symptoms were reported in W310C carriers, this may represent an example of incomplete dominance in startle disease, providing a potential genetic explanation for the 'minor' form of hyperekplexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria M James
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
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49
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Chung SK, Bode A, Cushion TD, Thomas RH, Hunt C, Wood SE, Pickrell WO, Drew CJG, Yamashita S, Shiang R, Leiz S, Longardt AC, Longhardt AC, Raile V, Weschke B, Puri RD, Verma IC, Harvey RJ, Ratnasinghe DD, Parker M, Rittey C, Masri A, Lingappa L, Howell OW, Vanbellinghen JF, Mullins JG, Lynch JW, Rees MI. GLRB is the third major gene of effect in hyperekplexia. Hum Mol Genet 2012. [PMID: 23184146 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycinergic neurotransmission is a major inhibitory influence in the CNS and its disruption triggers a paediatric and adult startle disorder, hyperekplexia. The postsynaptic α(1)-subunit (GLRA1) of the inhibitory glycine receptor (GlyR) and the cognate presynaptic glycine transporter (SLC6A5/GlyT2) are well-established genes of effect in hyperekplexia. Nevertheless, 52% of cases (117 from 232) remain gene negative and unexplained. Ligand-gated heteropentameric GlyRs form chloride ion channels that contain the α(1) and β-subunits (GLRB) in a 2α(1):3β configuration and they form the predominant population of GlyRs in the postnatal and adult human brain, brainstem and spinal cord. We screened GLRB through 117 GLRA1- and SLC6A5-negative hyperekplexia patients using a multiplex-polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing approach. The screening identified recessive and dominant GLRB variants in 12 unrelated hyperekplexia probands. This primarily yielded homozygous null mutations, with nonsense (n = 3), small indel (n = 1), a large 95 kb deletion (n = 1), frameshifts (n = 1) and one recurrent splicing variant found in four cases. A further three cases were found with two homozygous and one dominant GLRB missense mutations. We provide strong evidence for the pathogenicity of GLRB mutations using splicing assays, deletion mapping, cell-surface biotinylation, expression studies and molecular modelling. This study describes the definitive assignment of GLRB as the third major gene for hyperekplexia and impacts on the genetic stratification and biological causation of this neonatal/paediatric disorder. Driven principally by consanguineous homozygosity of GLRB mutations, the study reveals long-term additive phenotypic outcomes for affected cases such as severe apnoea attacks, learning difficulties and developmental delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Kyung Chung
- Neurology Research and Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
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50
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Thompson AJ, Alqazzaz M, Ulens C, Lummis SCR. The pharmacological profile of ELIC, a prokaryotic GABA-gated receptor. Neuropharmacology 2012; 63:761-7. [PMID: 22677470 PMCID: PMC3430861 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The Erwinia ligand-gated ion channel (ELIC) is a bacterial homologue of vertebrate Cys-loop ligand-gated ion channels. It is activated by GABA, and this property, combined with its structural similarity to GABAA and other Cys-loop receptors, makes it potentially an excellent model to probe their structure and function. Here we characterise the pharmacological profile of ELIC, examining the effects of compounds that could activate or inhibit the receptor. We confirm that a range of amino acids and classic GABAA receptor agonists do not elicit responses in ELIC, and we show the receptor can be at least partially activated by 5-aminovaleric acid and γ-hydroxybutyric acid, which are weak agonists. A range of GABAA receptor non-competitive antagonists inhibit GABA-elicited ELIC responses including α-endosulfan (IC50 = 17 μM), dieldrin (IC50 = 66 μM), and picrotoxinin (IC50 = 96 μM) which were the most potent. Docking suggested possible interactions at the 2′ and 6′ pore-lining residues, and mutagenesis of these residues supports this hypothesis for α-endosulfan. A selection of compounds that act at Cys-loop and other receptors also showed some efficacy at blocking ELIC responses, but most were of low potency (IC50 > 100 μM). Overall our data show that a number of compounds can inhibit ELIC, but it has limited pharmacological similarity to GLIC and to Cys-loop receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK
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