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Xiaoqinglong Decoction Enhances Autophagy to Antagonist Airway Inflammation Induced by Cold in Asthmatic Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3943343. [PMID: 36330226 PMCID: PMC9626201 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3943343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease characterized by wheezing and shortness of breath. Its risk factors include genetic and acquired factors. The acquired factors are closely related to the environment, especially cold conditions. Autophagy plays a regulatory role in asthma. Therefore, we hypothesized that asthma can be controlled by drug intervention at the autophagy level under cold conditions. The Xiaoqinglong decoction (XQLT) was freeze-dried. The compounds in the freeze-dried powder were identified and quantified using reference standards via the high-performance liquid chromatography method. Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized rats were subjected to cold stimulation. The effect of cold stimulation on autophagy levels was determined, and it was confirmed that cold stimulation affected autophagy. The effects and mechanisms of XQLT in an asthmatic rat model (OVA-sensitized rats stimulated with cold) were explored. The concentrations of paeoniflorin, liquiritin, trans-cinnamic acid, glycyrrhizic acid, 6-gingerol, schisandrol A, and asarinin in XQLT freeze-dried powder were 14.45, 3.85, 1.03, 3.93, 0.59, 0.24, and 0.091 mg/g, respectively. Cold stimulation is an important cause of asthma. The inflammatory factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum were increased in the model group, accompanied by a decline in autophagy level. The treatment with XQLT increased the expression of autophagy genes and decreased the expression of inflammatory factors. Histological studies showed that XQLT improved inflammatory infiltration and collagen fiber deposition in the lungs of rats. XQLT intervention increased autophagy in asthmatic rats. Autophagy plays a role in phagocytosis and reduces the accumulation of abnormal metabolites in the body to reduce airway inflammation and promote asthma recovery.
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Yadav SK, Sharma P, Shah SD, Panettieri RA, Kambayashi T, Penn RB, Deshpande DA. Autocrine regulation of airway smooth muscle contraction by diacylglycerol kinase. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:603-616. [PMID: 34278583 PMCID: PMC8763953 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK), a lipid kinase, catalyzes the conversion of diacylglycerol (DAG) to phosphatidic acid, thereby terminating DAG-mediated signaling by Gq-coupled receptors that regulate contraction of airway smooth muscle (ASM). A previous study from our laboratory demonstrated that DGK inhibition or genetic ablation leads to reduced ASM contraction and provides protection for allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. However, the mechanism by which DGK regulates contractile signaling in ASM is not well established. Herein, we investigated the role of prorelaxant cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA) signaling in DGK-mediated regulation of ASM contraction. Pretreatment of human ASM cells with DGK inhibitor I activated PKA as demonstrated by the phosphorylation of PKA substrates, VASP, Hsp20, and CREB, which was abrogated when PKA was inhibited pharmacologically or molecularly using overexpression of the PKA inhibitor peptide, PKI. Furthermore, inhibition of DGK resulted in induction of cyclooxygenase (COX) and generation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) with concomitant activation of Gs-cAMP-PKA signaling in ASM cells in an autocrine/paracrine fashion. Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) or extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) attenuated DGK-mediated production of PGE2 and activation of cAMP-PKA signaling in human ASM cells, suggesting that inhibition of DGK activates the COX-PGE2 pathway in a PKC-ERK-dependent manner. Finally, DGK inhibition-mediated attenuation of contractile agonist-induced phosphorylation of myosin light chain 20 (MLC-20), a marker of ASM contraction, involves COX-mediated cAMP production and PKA activation in ASM cells. Collectively these findings establish a novel mechanism by which DGK regulates ASM contraction and further advances DGK as a potential therapeutic target to provide effective bronchoprotection in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K. Yadav
- Center for Translational Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19107
| | - Pawan Sharma
- Center for Translational Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19107
| | - Sushrut D. Shah
- Center for Translational Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19107
| | - Reynold A. Panettieri
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine & Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Taku Kambayashi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Raymond B. Penn
- Center for Translational Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19107
| | - Deepak A. Deshpande
- Center for Translational Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19107.,Corresponding author Deepak Deshpande, PhD, Professor, Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19107,
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3
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Xu J, Meng Y, Jia M, Jiang J, Yang Y, Ou Y, Wu Y, Yan X, Huang M, Adcock IM, Yao X. Epithelial expression and role of secreted STC1 on asthma airway hyperresponsiveness through calcium channel modulation. Allergy 2021; 76:2475-2487. [PMID: 33378582 DOI: 10.1111/all.14727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), inflammation, and airway remodeling. Airway hyperresponsiveness results from enhanced airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction potentially under the control of an epithelium-derived relaxing factor (EpDRF). However, relatively rare is known about EpDRF. We aimed to elucidate the role of epithelium-derived stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) on AHR and ASM contraction. METHODS Stanniocalcin-1 levels in the serum of asthmatic patients and healthy volunteers and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged mice were measured by ELISA. The effects of exogenous STC1 on AHR and on inflammation were examined in mice. IL-13 modulation of STC1 mRNA and protein levels was studied in human bronchial epithelial cell lines (16HBE). The function of STC1 on Ca2+ influx and ASM contraction was examined ex vivo. RESULTS Serum STC1 was decreased in asthma (n = 93) compared with healthy volunteers (1071 ± 30.4 vs 1414 ± 75.1 pg/ml, p < 0.0001, n = 23) and correlated with asthma control (p = 0.0270), lung function (FEV1, p = 0.0130), and serum IL-13 levels (p = 0.0009). Treatment of ten asthmatic subjects with inhaled corticosteroids/long-acting beta2-agonists (ICS/LABA) for 1 year enhanced STC1 expression which correlated with improved asthma control (p = 0.022). STC1 was mainly expressed in bronchial epithelium and intranasal administration of recombinant human STC1 (rhSTC1) reduced AHR and inflammation in mice. IL-13 suppressed STC1 release from 16HBE, whereas rhSTC1 blocked store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) by suppressing stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and further inhibited ASM cell contractility by suppressing Ca2+ -dependent myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that STC1 deficiency in asthmatic airways promotes STIM1 hyperactivity, enhanced ASM contraction, and AHR. STC1 may be a candidate EpDRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Xu
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Yangzhou China
| | - Yaqi Meng
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Man Jia
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine Huai'an First People's Hospital Huai'an China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Yingwei Ou
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Yunhui Wu
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Xiaoyi Yan
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine Nanjing Jiangning People's Hospital Nanjing China
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- Airway Disease Section Faculty of Medicine National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London London UK
| | - Xin Yao
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
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Sharma P, Yadav SK, Shah SD, Javed E, Lim JM, Pan S, Nayak AP, Panettieri RA, Penn RB, Kambayashi T, Deshpande DA. Diacylglycerol Kinase Inhibition Reduces Airway Contraction by Negative Feedback Regulation of Gq-signaling. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 65:658-671. [PMID: 34293268 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0106oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exaggerated airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction regulated by the Gq family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) causes airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthma. Activation of Gq-coupled GPCRs leads to phospholipase C (PLC)-mediated generation of inositol triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). DAG signaling is terminated by the action of DAG kinase (DGK) that converts DAG into phosphatidic acid (PA). Our previous study demonstrated that DGKα and ζ isoform knockout mice are protected from the development of allergen-induced AHR. Here we aimed at determining the mechanism by which DGK regulates ASM contraction. Activity of DGK isoforms was inhibited in human ASM cells by siRNA-mediated knockdown of DGKα and ζwhile pharmacological inhibition was achieved by pan DGK inhibitor I (R59022). Effects of DGK inhibition on contractile agonist-induced activation of PLC and myosin light chain (MLC) kinase, elevation of IP3, and calcium levels were assessed. Further, we employed human precision-cut lung slices and assessed the role of DGK in agonist-induced bronchoconstriction. DGK inhibitor I attenuated histamine- and methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction. DGKα and ζ knockdown or pre-treatment with DGK inhibitor I resulted in attenuated agonist-induced phosphorylation of MLC and myosin light chain phosphatase in ASM cells. Further, DGK inhibition decreased Gq agonist-induced calcium elevation, generation of IP3, and increased histamine-induced production of PA. Finally, DGK inhibition or treatment with DAG analog resulted in attenuation of activation of PLC in human ASM cells. Our findings suggest that DGK inhibition perturbed the DAG:PA ratio resulting in inhibition of Gq-PLC activation in a negative feedback manner, resulting in protection against ASM contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Sharma
- Thomas Jefferson University - Center City Campus, 6559, Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.,University of Tasmania Faculty of Health, 60119, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Santosh K Yadav
- Thomas Jefferson University, 6559, Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Sushrut D Shah
- Thomas Jefferson University, 6559, Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Elham Javed
- Thomas Jefferson University, 6559, Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - John M Lim
- Thomas Jefferson University Sidney Kimmel Medical College, 12313, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Shi Pan
- Thomas Jefferson University, 6559, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Ajay P Nayak
- Thomas Jefferson University, 6559, Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- Rutgers University, 242612, Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health Institute, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States
| | - Raymond B Penn
- Thomas Jefferson University, 6559, Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Taku Kambayashi
- University of Pennsylvania, 6572, Pathology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Deepak A Deshpande
- Thomas Jefferson University, 6559, Center for Translational Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States;
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5
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Fang H, Li Z, Graff EC, McCafferty KJ, Judd RL. Niacin increases diet-induced hepatic steatosis in B6129 mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158731. [PMID: 32404278 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a very common disorder affecting between 20 and 30% of adults in the United States. However, there is no effective pharmacotherapy for treating NAFLD. Niacin, a water-soluble vitamin (B3), at pharmacological doses, decreases hepatic triglyceride (TG) content in NAFLD through inhibition of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2, a key enzyme that catalyzes the final step in TG synthesis. Alternatively, some studies indicate that niacin induces fatty liver in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats. Therefore, in this study we investigated whether niacin is beneficial in treating NAFLD in two strains of mice, C57BL/6J (B6) and B6129SF2/J (B6129) mice, with 20 weeks of HFD feeding. Niacin treatment was started from week 5 until the end of the study. Niacin treatment increased normalized liver weight, hepatic TG content and NAFLD score in HFD-fed B6129 mice but had no impact on B6 mice. Metabolomics analysis revealed that in B6129 mice, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid (4-HPP), which is associated with fatty acid oxidation, did not change with HFD feeding but significantly decreased with niacin treatment. Lipidomics analysis discovered that the abundance of phosphocholine (PC), which is critical for very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TG production and secretion, was decreased in HFD-fed B6129 with niacin treatment. In conclusion, niacin had no impact on diet-induced NAFLD development in B6 mice but potentiated hepatic steatosis in HFD-fed B6129 mice due to impaired fatty acid oxidation and decreased VLDL-TG production and secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Fang
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Zhuoyue Li
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Emily C Graff
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Kayleen J McCafferty
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Robert L Judd
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America.
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6
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McAlinden KD, Deshpande DA, Ghavami S, Xenaki D, Sohal SS, Oliver BG, Haghi M, Sharma P. Autophagy Activation in Asthma Airways Remodeling. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 60:541-553. [PMID: 30383396 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0169oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Current asthma therapies fail to target airway remodeling that correlates with asthma severity driving disease progression that ultimately leads to loss of lung function. Macroautophagy (hereinafter "autophagy") is a fundamental cell-recycling mechanism in all eukaryotic cells; emerging evidence suggests that it is dysregulated in asthma. We investigated the interrelationship between autophagy and airway remodeling and assessed preclinical efficacy of a known autophagy inhibitor in murine models of asthma. Human asthmatic and nonasthmatic lung tissues were histologically evaluated and were immunostained for key autophagy markers. The percentage area of positive staining was quantified in the epithelium and airway smooth muscle bundles using ImageJ software. Furthermore, the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine was tested intranasally in prophylactic (3 wk) and treatment (5 wk) models of allergic asthma in mice. Human asthmatic tissues showed greater tissue inflammation and demonstrated hallmark features of airway remodeling, displaying thickened epithelium (P < 0.001) and reticular basement membrane (P < 0.0001), greater lamina propria depth (P < 0.005), and increased airway smooth muscle bundles (P < 0.001) with higher expression of Beclin-1 (P < 0.01) and ATG5 (autophagy-related gene 5) (P < 0.05) together with reduced p62 (P < 0.05) compared with nonasthmatic control tissues. Beclin-1 expression was significantly higher in asthmatic epithelium and ciliated cells (P < 0.05), suggesting a potential role of ciliophagy in asthma. Murine asthma models demonstrated effective preclinical efficacy (reduced key features of allergic asthma: airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway remodeling) of the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. Our data demonstrate cell context-dependent and selective activation of autophagy in structural cells in asthma. Furthermore, this pathway can be effectively targeted to ameliorate airway remodeling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kielan D McAlinden
- 1 Graduate School of Health and.,3 School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,2 Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Deepak A Deshpande
- 4 Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- 5 Department of Anatomy & Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; and
| | - Dia Xenaki
- 2 Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- 6 Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Brian G Oliver
- 3 School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,2 Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Pawan Sharma
- 3 School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,2 Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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7
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Keshavarz M, Skill M, Hollenhorst MI, Maxeiner S, Walecki M, Pfeil U, Kummer W, Krasteva-Christ G. Caveolin-3 differentially orchestrates cholinergic and serotonergic constriction of murine airways. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7508. [PMID: 29760450 PMCID: PMC5951923 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of controlling airway smooth muscle (ASM) tone are of utmost clinical importance as inappropriate constriction is a hallmark in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Receptors for acetylcholine and serotonin, two relevant mediators in this context, appear to be incorporated in specialized, cholesterol-rich domains of the plasma membrane, termed caveolae due to their invaginated shape. The structural protein caveolin-1 partly accounts for anchoring of these receptors. We here determined the role of the other major caveolar protein, caveolin-3 (cav-3), in orchestrating cholinergic and serotonergic ASM responses, utilizing newly generated cav-3 deficient mice. Cav-3 deficiency fully abrogated serotonin-induced constriction of extrapulmonary airways in organ baths while leaving intrapulmonary airways unaffected, as assessed in precision cut lung slices. The selective expression of cav-3 in tracheal, but not intrapulmonary bronchial epithelial cells, revealed by immunohistochemistry, might explain the differential effects of cav-3 deficiency on serotonergic ASM constriction. The cholinergic response of extrapulmonary airways was not altered, whereas a considerable increase was observed in cav-3-/- intrapulmonary bronchi. Thus, cav-3 differentially organizes serotonergic and cholinergic signaling in ASM through mechanisms that are specific for airways of certain caliber and anatomical position. This may allow for selective and site-specific intervention in hyperreactive states.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Keshavarz
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - M Skill
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - M I Hollenhorst
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrucken, Germany
| | - S Maxeiner
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrucken, Germany
| | - M Walecki
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - U Pfeil
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - W Kummer
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - G Krasteva-Christ
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany. .,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany. .,Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrucken, Germany.
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8
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Keshavarz M, Schwarz H, Hartmann P, Wiegand S, Skill M, Althaus M, Kummer W, Krasteva-Christ G. Caveolin-1: Functional Insights into Its Role in Muscarine- and Serotonin-Induced Smooth Muscle Constriction in Murine Airways. Front Physiol 2017; 8:295. [PMID: 28555112 PMCID: PMC5430063 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
An increased bronchoconstrictor response is a hallmark in the progression of obstructive airway diseases. Acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) are the major bronchoconstrictors. There is evidence that both cholinergic and serotonergic signaling in airway smooth muscle (ASM) involve caveolae. We hypothesized that caveolin-1 (cav-1), a structural protein of caveolae, plays an important regulatory role in ASM contraction. We analyzed airway contraction in different tracheal segments and extra- and intrapulmonary bronchi in cav-1 deficient (cav-1−/−) and wild-type mice using organ bath recordings and videomorphometry of methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MCD) treated and non-treated precision-cut lung slices (PCLS). The presence of caveolae was investigated by electron microscopy. Receptor subtypes driving 5-HT-responses were studied by RT-PCR and videomorphometry after pharmacological inhibition with ketanserin. Cav-1 was present in tracheal epithelium and ASM. Muscarine induced a dose dependent contraction in all airway segments. A significantly higher Emax was observed in the caudal trachea. Although, caveolae abundancy was largely reduced in cav-1−/− mice, muscarine-induced airway contraction was maintained, albeit at diminished potency in the middle trachea, in the caudal trachea and in the bronchus without changes in the maximum efficacy. MCD-treatment of PLCS from cav-1−/− mice reduced cholinergic constriction by about 50%, indicating that cholesterol-rich plasma domains account for a substantial portion of the muscarine-induced bronchoconstriction. Notably, cav-1-deficiency fully abrogated 5-HT-induced contraction of extrapulmonary airways. In contrast, 5-HT-induced bronchoconstriction was fully maintained in cav-1-deficient intrapulmonary bronchi, but desensitization upon repetitive stimulation was enhanced. RT-PCR analysis revealed 5-HT1B, 5-HT2A, 5-HT6, and 5-HT7 receptors as the most prevalent subtypes in the airways. The 5-HT-induced-constriction in PCLS could be antagonized by ketanserin, a 5-HT2A receptor inhibitor. In conclusion, the role of cav-1, caveolae, and cholesterol-rich plasma domains in regulation of airway tone are highly agonist-specific and dependent on airway level. Cav-1 is indispensable for serotonergic contraction of extrapulmonary airways and modulates cholinergic constriction of the trachea and main bronchus. Thus, cav-1/caveolae shall be considered in settings such as bronchial hyperreactivity in common airway diseases and might provide an opportunity for modulation of the constrictor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Keshavarz
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen, Germany
| | - Heike Schwarz
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPSBremen, Germany
| | - Petra Hartmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen, Germany
| | - Silke Wiegand
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen, Germany
| | - Melanie Skill
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen, Germany
| | - Mike Althaus
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Saarland UniversityHomburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kummer
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL)Germany
| | - Gabriela Krasteva-Christ
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Saarland UniversityHomburg/Saar, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL)Germany
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9
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Bitter Taste Receptor Agonists Mitigate Features of Allergic Asthma in Mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46166. [PMID: 28397820 PMCID: PMC5387415 DOI: 10.1038/srep46166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation, mucus secretion, remodeling and hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Recent research has established the bronchodilatory effect of bitter taste receptor (TAS2R) agonists in various models. Comprehensive pre-clinical studies aimed at establishing effectiveness of TAS2R agonists in disease models are lacking. Here we aimed to determine the effect of TAS2R agonists on features of asthma. Further, we elucidated a mechanism by which TAS2R agonists mitigate features of asthma. Asthma was induced in mice using intranasal house dust mite or aerosol ova-albumin challenge, and chloroquine or quinine were tested in both prophylactic and treatment models. Allergen challenge resulted in airway inflammation as evidenced by increased immune cells infiltration and release of cytokines and chemokines in the lungs, which were significantly attenuated in TAS2R agonists treated mice. TAS2R agonists attenuated features of airway remodeling including smooth muscle mass, extracellular matrix deposition and pro-fibrotic signaling, and also prevented mucus accumulation and development of AHR in mice. Mechanistic studies using human neutrophils demonstrated that inhibition of immune cell chemotaxis is a key mechanism by which TAS2R agonists blocked allergic airway inflammation and exerted anti-asthma effects. Our comprehensive studies establish the effectiveness of TAS2R agonists in mitigating multiple features of allergic asthma.
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10
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Anaparti V, Pascoe CD, Jha A, Mahood TH, Ilarraza R, Unruh H, Moqbel R, Halayko AJ. Tumor necrosis factor regulates NMDA receptor-mediated airway smooth muscle contractile function and airway responsiveness. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L467-80. [PMID: 27371735 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00382.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We have shown that N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDA-Rs) are receptor-operated calcium entry channels in human airway smooth muscle (HASM) during contraction. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) augments smooth muscle contractility by influencing pathways that regulate intracellular calcium flux and can alter NMDA-R expression and activity in cortical neurons and glial cells. We hypothesized that NMDA-R-mediated Ca(2+) and contractile responses of ASM can be altered by inflammatory mediators, including TNF. In cultured HASM cells, we assessed TNF (10 ng/ml, 48 h) effect on NMDA-R subunit abundance by quantitative PCR, confocal imaging, and immunoblotting. We observed dose- and time-dependent changes in NMDA-R composition: increased obligatory NR1 subunit expression and altered regulatory NR2 and inhibitory NR3 subunits. Measuring intracellular Ca(2+) flux in Fura-2-loaded HASM cultures, we observed that TNF exposure enhanced cytosolic Ca(2+) mobilization and changed the temporal pattern of Ca(2+) flux in individual myocytes induced by NMDA, an NMDA-R selective analog of glutamate. We measured airway responses to NMDA in murine thin-cut lung slices (TCLS) from allergen-naive animals and observed significant airway contraction. However, NMDA acted as a bronchodilator in TCLS from house dust mice-challenged mice and in allergen-naive TCLS subjected to TNF exposure. All contractile or bronchodilator responses were blocked by a selective NMDA-R antagonist, (2R)-amino-5-phosphonopentanoate, and bronchodilator responses were prevented by N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) or indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor). Collectively, we show that TNF augments NMDA-R-mediated Ca(2+) mobilization in HASM cells, whereas in multicellular TCLSs allergic inflammation and TNF exposure leads to NMDA-R-mediated bronchodilation. These findings reveal the unique contribution of ionotrophic NMDA-R to airway hyperreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidyanand Anaparti
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; and
| | - Christopher D Pascoe
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Aruni Jha
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Thomas H Mahood
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Ramses Ilarraza
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Helmut Unruh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; and Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Redwan Moqbel
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; and
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11
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Sharma P, Jha A, Stelmack GL, Detillieux K, Basu S, Klonisch T, Unruh H, Halayko AJ. Characterization of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex in airway smooth muscle: role of δ-sarcoglycan in airway responsiveness. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 93:195-202. [PMID: 25692961 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2014-0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) is an integral part of caveolae microdomains, and its interaction with caveolin-1 is essential for the phenotype and functional properties of airway smooth muscle (ASM). The sarcoglycan complex provides stability to the dystroglycan complex, but its role in ASM contraction and lung physiology in not understood. We tested whether δ-sarcoglycan (δ-SG), through its interaction with the DGC, is a determinant of ASM contraction ex vivo and airway mechanics in vivo. We measured methacholine (MCh)-induced isometric contraction and airway mechanics in δ-SG KO and wild-type mice. Last, we performed immunoblotting and transmission electron microscopy to assess DGC protein expression and the ultrastructural features of tracheal smooth muscle. Our results reveal an age-dependent reduction in the MCh-induced tracheal isometric force and significant reduction in airway resistance at high concentrations of MCh (50.0 mg/mL) in δ-SG KO mice. The changes in contraction and lung function correlated with decreased caveolin-1 and β-dystroglycan abundance, as well as an age-dependent loss of caveolae in the cell membrane of tracheal smooth muscle in δ-SG KO mice. Collectively, these results confirm and extend understanding of a functional role for the DGC in the contractile properties of ASM and demonstrate that this results in altered lung function in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Sharma
- Departments of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, John Buhler Research Centre, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada., Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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12
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Sharma P, Basu S, Mitchell RW, Stelmack GL, Anderson JE, Halayko AJ. Role of dystrophin in airway smooth muscle phenotype, contraction and lung function. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102737. [PMID: 25054970 PMCID: PMC4108318 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystrophin links the transmembrane dystrophin-glycoprotein complex to the actin cytoskeleton. We have shown that dystrophin-glycoprotein complex subunits are markers for airway smooth muscle phenotype maturation and together with caveolin-1, play an important role in calcium homeostasis. We tested if dystrophin affects phenotype maturation, tracheal contraction and lung physiology. We used dystrophin deficient Golden Retriever dogs (GRMD) and mdx mice vs healthy control animals in our approach. We found significant reduction of contractile protein markers: smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (smMHC) and calponin and reduced Ca2+ response to contractile agonist in dystrophin deficient cells. Immunocytochemistry revealed reduced stress fibers and number of smMHC positive cells in dystrophin-deficient cells, when compared to control. Immunoblot analysis of Akt1, GSK3β and mTOR phosphorylation further revealed that downstream PI3K signaling, which is essential for phenotype maturation, was suppressed in dystrophin deficient cell cultures. Tracheal rings from mdx mice showed significant reduction in the isometric contraction to methacholine (MCh) when compared to genetic control BL10ScSnJ mice (wild-type). In vivo lung function studies using a small animal ventilator revealed a significant reduction in peak airway resistance induced by maximum concentrations of inhaled MCh in mdx mice, while there was no change in other lung function parameters. These data show that the lack of dystrophin is associated with a concomitant suppression of ASM cell phenotype maturation in vitro, ASM contraction ex vivo and lung function in vivo, indicating that a linkage between the DGC and the actin cytoskeleton via dystrophin is a determinant of the phenotype and functional properties of ASM.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Cells, Cultured
- Dogs
- Dystrophin/deficiency
- Dystrophin/genetics
- Dystrophin/physiology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/physiology
- Methacholine Chloride/pharmacology
- Mice, Inbred mdx
- Mice, Knockout
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Muscle Contraction/genetics
- Muscle Contraction/physiology
- Muscle, Smooth/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth/physiology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/physiology
- Myosin Heavy Chains/metabolism
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Respiratory System/cytology
- Respiratory System/metabolism
- Respiratory System/ultrastructure
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Trachea/drug effects
- Trachea/metabolism
- Trachea/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Sharma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- CIHR National Training Program in Allergy and Asthma, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sujata Basu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Richard W. Mitchell
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Gerald L. Stelmack
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Judy E. Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Andrew J. Halayko
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Section of Respiratory Disease, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- CIHR National Training Program in Allergy and Asthma, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- * E-mail:
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13
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Royce SG, Le Saux CJ. Role of caveolin-1 in asthma and chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases. Expert Rev Respir Med 2014; 8:339-47. [PMID: 24742020 DOI: 10.1586/17476348.2014.905915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is the major protein present in invaginations of the plasma membrane of cells known as caveolae. Cav-1 is expressed in numerous resident and inflammatory cells implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma and chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A remarkable repertoire of functions has been identified for Cav-1 and these extend to, and have relevance to, asthma and chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases. Important processes influenced by Cav-1 include inflammation, fibrosis, smooth muscle contractility, regulation of apoptosis and cell senescence as well as epithelial barrier function and homeostasis. A better understanding of Cav-1 may be useful in developing new therapies for chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon G Royce
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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14
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Prakash YS. Airway smooth muscle in airway reactivity and remodeling: what have we learned? Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2013; 305:L912-33. [PMID: 24142517 PMCID: PMC3882535 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00259.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now established that airway smooth muscle (ASM) has roles in determining airway structure and function, well beyond that as the major contractile element. Indeed, changes in ASM function are central to the manifestation of allergic, inflammatory, and fibrotic airway diseases in both children and adults, as well as to airway responses to local and environmental exposures. Emerging evidence points to novel signaling mechanisms within ASM cells of different species that serve to control diverse features, including 1) [Ca(2+)]i contractility and relaxation, 2) cell proliferation and apoptosis, 3) production and modulation of extracellular components, and 4) release of pro- vs. anti-inflammatory mediators and factors that regulate immunity as well as the function of other airway cell types, such as epithelium, fibroblasts, and nerves. These diverse effects of ASM "activity" result in modulation of bronchoconstriction vs. bronchodilation relevant to airway hyperresponsiveness, airway thickening, and fibrosis that influence compliance. This perspective highlights recent discoveries that reveal the central role of ASM in this regard and helps set the stage for future research toward understanding the pathways regulating ASM and, in turn, the influence of ASM on airway structure and function. Such exploration is key to development of novel therapeutic strategies that influence the pathophysiology of diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Prakash
- Dept. of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, 4-184 W Jos SMH, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905.
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15
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Vanhoutte PM. Airway epithelium-derived relaxing factor: myth, reality, or naivety? Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 304:C813-20. [PMID: 23325407 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00013.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The presence of a healthy epithelium can moderate the contraction of the underlying airway smooth muscle. This is, in part, because epithelial cells generate inhibitory messages, whether diffusible substances, electrophysiological signals, or both. The epithelium-dependent inhibitory effect can be tonic (basal), synergistic, or evoked. Rather than a unique epithelium-derived relaxing factor (EpDRF), several known endogenous bronchoactive mediators, including nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2, contribute. The early concept that EpDRF diffuses all the way through the subepithelial layers to directly relax the airway smooth muscle appears unlikely. It is more plausible that the epithelial cells release true messenger molecules, which alter the production of endogenous substances (nitric oxide and/or metabolites of arachidonic acid) by the subepithelial layers. These substances then diffuse to the airway smooth muscle cells, conveying epithelium dependency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Vanhoutte
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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