1
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Zhang J, Liu X, Wu J, Zhou W, Tian J, Guo S, Jia SS, Meng Z, Ni M. A bioinformatics investigation into the pharmacological mechanisms of the effect of the Yinchenhao decoction on hepatitis C based on network pharmacology. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:50. [PMID: 32050950 PMCID: PMC7076901 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-2823-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, more than 170 million people are infected with hepatitis C virus, a major cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The Yinchenhao Decoction (YCHD) is a classic formula comprising three herbal medicines. This decoction have long been used in China for clinically treating acute and chronic infectious hepatitis and other liver and gallbladder damp heat-accumulation disorders. Methods In this study, we identified 32 active ingredients and 200 hepatitis C proteins and established a compound-predicted target network and a hepatitis C protein–protein interaction network by using Cytoscape 3.6.1. Then, we systematically analyzed the potential targets of the YCHD for the treatment of hepatitis C. Finally, molecular docking was applied to verify the key targets. In addition, we analyzed the mechanism of action of the predicted targets by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and gene ontology analyses. Results This study adopted a network pharmacology approach, mainly comprising target prediction, network construction, module detection, functional enrichment analysis, and molecular docking to systematically investigate the mechanisms of action of the YCHD in hepatitis C. The targets of the YCHD in the treatment of hepatitis C mainly involved PIK3CG, CASP3, BCL2, CASP8, and MMP1. The module and pathway enrichment analyses showed that the YCHD had the potential to influence varieties of biological pathways, including the TNF signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, and pathways in cancer, that play an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C. Conclusion The results of this study preliminarily verified the basic pharmacological effects and related mechanisms of the YCHD in the treatment of hepatitis C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 of North Three-ring East Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing, China
| | - Xinkui Liu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 of North Three-ring East Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 of North Three-ring East Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 of North Three-ring East Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhui Tian
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou City, China
| | - Siyu Guo
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 of North Three-ring East Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Shan Jia
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 of North Three-ring East Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqi Meng
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 of North Three-ring East Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing, China
| | - Mengwei Ni
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 of North Three-ring East Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing, China
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2
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Naz Z, Wahid B, Usman S, Saleem K, Rafique S, Ali A, Idrees M. Expression of SOCS1 and SOCS3 Genes in Interferon-Treated and Direct-Acting Antiviral Drugs-Treated Hepatitis C Patients. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2019; 38:255-260. [PMID: 29920131 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2017.0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetics of host plays a significant role in susceptibility and pathogenesis of disease. During hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, HCV proteins interfere with interferon (IFN) signaling pathways and upregulate transcription of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 and 3 genes (SOCS1 and SOCS3), which results in impaired immune response. In this study, we evaluated relative expression of SOCS1 and SOCS3 in untreated HCV patients and patients treated with 2 different treatment strategies that are, (IFN therapy and direct-acting antiviral (DAA) drug regimen. To study gene expression, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated by using Histopaque. Total RNA was extracted from PBMCs by using BIOzol. Nine microgram of total RNA from each sample was used and reverse transcribed into single-stranded complementary DNA (cDNA) by using M-MLV reverse transcriptase (Invitrogen). The synthesized cDNA was diluted to a final concentration of 500 ng/μL. This diluted cDNA was further used for expression analysis of SOCS1and SOCS3 genes using Rotor Gene Q Real-Time PCR Detection System (QIAGEN). Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was amplified as a housekeeping gene. We found that the SOCS1 expression in IFN and DAA-treated patient groups was 5.4 fold and 1.2 fold, respectively, high compared with the healthy controls (IFN versus healthy, P = 0.019 and DAA versus healthy, P = 0.91), whereas the SOCS3 expression in IFN and DAA-treated patient groups was 3.7 fold and 2 fold, respectively, high in comparison with the expression in healthy controls (IFN versus healthy, P = 0.025 and DAA versus healthy, P = 0.03). We also found a significant difference in the relative expression of SOCS1 and SOCS3 in DAAs-treated and IFN/ribavirin (RBV)-treated and untreated individual. We concluded that by targeting HCV proteins with DAAs, SOCS1, and SOCS3 transcription can be more effectively normalized compared to the treatment with IFN/RBV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara Naz
- 1 Molecular Virology Laboratory Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab , Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Braira Wahid
- 1 Molecular Virology Laboratory Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab , Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sana Usman
- 1 Molecular Virology Laboratory Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab , Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Komal Saleem
- 1 Molecular Virology Laboratory Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab , Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Rafique
- 2 Divison of Molecular Virology, Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab , Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- 1 Molecular Virology Laboratory Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab , Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- 1 Molecular Virology Laboratory Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab , Lahore, Pakistan .,3 Molecular Biology Department, Hazara University , Mansehra, Pakistan
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3
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Mokkarala S, Johnson C, Sarkar S, Rudas RJ. Family Practitioner-Directed Hepatitis C Therapy With Direct-Acting Antivirals Achieves High-Sustained Virologic Response in Prison Population. JOURNAL OF CORRECTIONAL HEALTH CARE 2019; 25:134-142. [PMID: 30866706 DOI: 10.1177/1078345819832875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is disproportionately high in U.S. federal and state prisons. This offers a unique opportunity for targeted HCV screening and treatment. New, highly effective, oral direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents have the potential to eliminate many of the hurdles previously imposed by older interferon-based therapies. However, a relative deficit of providers motivated or empowered to treat HCV, along with a lack of treatment data on use of DAAs in prisons, greatly restricts the ability to treat the prison population. Here, we present a retrospective chart review of HCV treatment with DAAs by a family practitioner in a California state prison. Our data demonstrate that focused treatment by a primary care practitioner can achieve high HCV cure rates even in historically difficult to treat populations. Treatment of prison populations per local and national guidelines by family practitioners should be pursued to facilitate the eradication of hepatitis C in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameera Mokkarala
- 1 School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.,Current affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center
| | - Cole Johnson
- 2 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Souvik Sarkar
- 2 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Robert J Rudas
- 3 Mule Creek State Prison, California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, Ione, CA, USA
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4
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Wahid B, Waqar M, Saleem K, Shafi F, Rehman Z, Hanif I, Ahmad HM, Wasim M, Sajjad, Wahid K, Idrees M. Poor response to direct-acting antiviral therapy in HCV-infected elderly population: a real-life cohort study based on GeneXpert® technology. Future Virol 2018. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2017-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of direct-acting antiviral drugs in different ethnicities and elderly population of Pakistan. Methods: We used GeneXpert® technology to quantify HCV RNA and evaluated treatment response in different cohorts that included HCV patients classified on the basis of their age-group and ethnicity. Results: The findings of our study suggest that 76% of nonresponder patients were older than 55 years of age which shows that age is the predictor of treatment outcome of direct-acting antiviral drugs. In addition to this, no differences were observed in overall efficacy by ethnicity. Conclusion: Treatment-regimen sofosbuvir+ribavirin has a limited effect on older patients; therefore, practitioners and healthcare professionals need to reconsider treatment options for elderly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braira Wahid
- Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnostics & Research, Al-Sudais Plaza Abdalian Cooperative Society, Lahore, Pakistan
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), 87-West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waqar
- Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnostics & Research, Al-Sudais Plaza Abdalian Cooperative Society, Lahore, Pakistan
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), 87-West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Komal Saleem
- Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnostics & Research, Al-Sudais Plaza Abdalian Cooperative Society, Lahore, Pakistan
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), 87-West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Shafi
- Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnostics & Research, Al-Sudais Plaza Abdalian Cooperative Society, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zobaria Rehman
- Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnostics & Research, Al-Sudais Plaza Abdalian Cooperative Society, Lahore, Pakistan
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), 87-West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Hanif
- Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnostics & Research, Al-Sudais Plaza Abdalian Cooperative Society, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafiza Maleeha Ahmad
- Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnostics & Research, Al-Sudais Plaza Abdalian Cooperative Society, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Wasim
- Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad
- Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnostics & Research, Al-Sudais Plaza Abdalian Cooperative Society, Lahore, Pakistan
- Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Khansa Wahid
- Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnostics & Research, Al-Sudais Plaza Abdalian Cooperative Society, Lahore, Pakistan
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), 87-West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
- Division of Molecular Virology & Diagnostics Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), 87-West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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5
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Wahid B, Rafique S, Saleem K, Ali A, Idrees M. An Increase in Expression of SOCS1 Gene with Increase in Hepatitis C Virus Viral Load. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2018; 38:122-128. [DOI: 10.1089/jir.2017.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Braira Wahid
- PCR Section, Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnostics and Research Centre, Al-Sudais Plaza Abdalian Cooperative Society, Lahore, Pakistan
- Virology Lab, Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Rafique
- Division of Molecular Virology and Diagnostics Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Komal Saleem
- PCR Section, Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnostics and Research Centre, Al-Sudais Plaza Abdalian Cooperative Society, Lahore, Pakistan
- Virology Lab, Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- Virology Lab, Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- PCR Section, Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnostics and Research Centre, Al-Sudais Plaza Abdalian Cooperative Society, Lahore, Pakistan
- Virology Lab, Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Division of Molecular Virology and Diagnostics Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Vice Chancellor Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan
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6
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Bennett H, Gordon J, Jones B, Ward T, Webster S, Kalsekar A, Yuan Y, Brenner M, McEwan P. Hepatitis C disease transmission and treatment uptake: impact on the cost-effectiveness of new direct-acting antiviral therapies. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS : HEPAC : HEALTH ECONOMICS IN PREVENTION AND CARE 2017; 18:1001-1011. [PMID: 27803989 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-016-0844-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment can reduce the incidence of future infections through removing opportunities for onward transmission. This benefit is not captured in conventional cost-effectiveness evaluations of treatment and is particularly relevant in patient groups with a high risk of transmission, such as those people who inject drugs (PWID), where the treatment rates have been historically low. This study aimed to quantify how reduced HCV transmission changes the cost-effectiveness of new direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens as a function of treatment uptake rates. METHODS An established model of HCV disease transmission and progression was used to quantify the impact of treatment uptake (10-100%), within the PWID population, on the cost-effectiveness of a DAA regimen versus pre-DAA standard of care, conducted using daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir in the UK setting as an illustrative example. RESULTS The consequences of reduced disease transmission due to treatment were associated with additional net monetary benefit of £24,304-£90,559 per patient treated at £20,000/QALY, when 10-100% of eligible patients receive treatment with 100% efficacy. Dependent on patient genotype, the cost-effectiveness of HCV treatment using daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir improved by 36-79% versus conventional analysis, at 10-100% treatment uptake in the PWID population. CONCLUSIONS The estimated cost-effectiveness of HCV treatment was shown to improve as more patients are treated, suggesting that the value of DAA regimens to the NHS could be enhanced by improved treatment uptake rates among PWID. However, the challenge for the future will lie in achieving increased rates of treatment uptake, particularly in the PWID population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Bennett
- HEOR, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, 9 Oak Tree Court, Mulberry Drive, Cardiff Gate Business Park, Cardiff, CF23 8RS, UK.
| | - Jason Gordon
- HEOR, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, 9 Oak Tree Court, Mulberry Drive, Cardiff Gate Business Park, Cardiff, CF23 8RS, UK
- Department of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Beverley Jones
- HEOR, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, 9 Oak Tree Court, Mulberry Drive, Cardiff Gate Business Park, Cardiff, CF23 8RS, UK
| | - Thomas Ward
- HEOR, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, 9 Oak Tree Court, Mulberry Drive, Cardiff Gate Business Park, Cardiff, CF23 8RS, UK
| | - Samantha Webster
- HEOR, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, 9 Oak Tree Court, Mulberry Drive, Cardiff Gate Business Park, Cardiff, CF23 8RS, UK
| | - Anupama Kalsekar
- World Wide Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Princeton, USA
| | - Yong Yuan
- World Wide Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Princeton, USA
| | - Michael Brenner
- UK HEOR, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Phil McEwan
- HEOR, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, 9 Oak Tree Court, Mulberry Drive, Cardiff Gate Business Park, Cardiff, CF23 8RS, UK
- School of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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7
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Ward T, Gordon J, Jones B, Bennett H, Webster S, Kalsekar A, Yuan Y, Brenner M, McEwan P. Value of Sustained Virologic Response in Patients with Hepatitis C as a Function of Time to Progression of End-Stage Liver Disease. Clin Drug Investig 2017; 37:61-70. [PMID: 27587071 DOI: 10.1007/s40261-016-0458-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted intervention in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) closest to end-stage liver disease (ESLD) progression may offer an approach to treatment prioritisation whilst delivering benefits for patients and the healthcare system. In contrast to previous HCV economic analyses, this study aimed to estimate the health economic value of sustained virologic response (SVR) stratified by the patient's propensity to progress to ESLD. METHODS An HCV natural history model was adapted to estimate the value of avoiding ESLD complications following SVR, assessed as cost offsets and quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gains, as a function of time to ESLD at treatment initiation. These outcomes were used to estimate the financial value of achieving SVR, defined as the maximum investment that could be allocated without exceeding a willingness-to-pay threshold of £20,000/QALY. RESULTS Regardless of time to ESLD onset, achieving SVR was beneficial, resulting in cost offsets and QALY gains, due to avoidance of ESLD complications. The value of achieving SVR was greatest in patients closest to ESLD onset, resulting in increased cost offsets and QALY gains (up to £50,901 and 9.56 QALYs). In patients closest to ESLD onset, the financial value of achieving SVR was £242,051, compared with £127,116 in patients furthest from onset. CONCLUSIONS Standard cost-effectiveness evaluations may underestimate the value of treatment in HCV patients closest to ESLD development. Targeted intervention would promote efficient allocation of limited healthcare resources and reconcile concerns surrounding the affordability of new direct-acting antivirals, by minimising the number-needed-to-treat to maximise health benefit, whilst minimising healthcare expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ward
- HEOR, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, 9 Oak Tree Court, Mulberry Drive, Cardiff Gate Business Park, CF23 8RS, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Jason Gordon
- HEOR, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, 9 Oak Tree Court, Mulberry Drive, Cardiff Gate Business Park, CF23 8RS, Cardiff, UK.,Department of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Beverley Jones
- HEOR, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, 9 Oak Tree Court, Mulberry Drive, Cardiff Gate Business Park, CF23 8RS, Cardiff, UK
| | - Hayley Bennett
- HEOR, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, 9 Oak Tree Court, Mulberry Drive, Cardiff Gate Business Park, CF23 8RS, Cardiff, UK
| | - Samantha Webster
- HEOR, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, 9 Oak Tree Court, Mulberry Drive, Cardiff Gate Business Park, CF23 8RS, Cardiff, UK
| | - Anupama Kalsekar
- World Wide Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Princeton, USA
| | - Yong Yuan
- World Wide Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Princeton, USA
| | - Michael Brenner
- UK HEOR, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Phil McEwan
- HEOR, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, 9 Oak Tree Court, Mulberry Drive, Cardiff Gate Business Park, CF23 8RS, Cardiff, UK.,School of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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8
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Economides MP, Mahale P, Kyvernitakis A, Turturo F, Kantarjian H, Naing A, Hosry J, Shigle TL, Kaseb A, Torres HA. Concomitant use of direct-acting antivirals and chemotherapy in hepatitis C virus-infected patients with cancer. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2016; 44:1235-1241. [PMID: 27730654 PMCID: PMC5123740 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiviral therapy improves hepatic outcomes in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected cancer patients. However, such patients are not treated simultaneously with antivirals and chemotherapy, owing to overlapping toxicities with previous standard of care treatment of pegylated interferon and ribavirin. AIM To examine the safety and clinically-significant drug-drug interactions observed in patients who received simultaneous treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) and chemotherapy. METHODS Safety was determined by the presence of adverse events which were graded according to the division of AIDS Table (version 2.0). Adverse events were monitored throughout antiviral treatment and up to 3 months after its completion. Drug-drug interactions were assessed using current online databases. Sustained virological response (SVR) was defined as absence of serum HCV RNA 12 weeks after end of DAA treatment. Cirrhosis was diagnosed via imaging, biopsy or with the use of non-invasive fibrosis markers. RESULTS Twenty-one patients received concomitant treatment with DAAs and chemotherapy between January 2013 and September 2016. Concomitant treatment was started either for virological (14; 67%) or oncologic (7; 33%) reasons. DAAs used were sofosbuvir, ledipasvir, simeprevir, daclatasvir ± ribavirin. The adverse events observed were mainly constitutional (12; 57%), hematological and gastrointestinal (7; 33% each). Physicians changed the DAA regimens in two patients (10%) in anticipation of drug-drug interactions with daclatasvir and dexamethasone. The overall SVR rate was 95% (20/21). CONCLUSIONS Hepatitis C virus-targeted antiviral therapy can be used concomitantly with selected anti-neoplastic agents under close monitoring for drug-drug interactions. This therapeutic intervention may prevent delay in the administration of chemotherapy in HCV-infected cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minas P. Economides
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Parag Mahale
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andreas Kyvernitakis
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Francesco Turturo
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hagop Kantarjian
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aung Naing
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeff Hosry
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Terri L. Shigle
- Department of Pharmacy Clinical Programs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ahmed Kaseb
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Harrys A. Torres
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Correspondence: Dr. Harrys A. Torres, Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, Unit 1460, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Tel: 713-792-6503; Fax: 713-745-6839;
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9
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Mendes LC, Ralla SM, Vigani AG. Loss to follow-up in anti-HCV-positive patients in a Brazilian regional outpatient clinic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 49:e5455. [PMID: 27580006 PMCID: PMC5007075 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20165455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Loss to follow-up (LF), which refers to patients who started care but voluntary stopped it, is a problem for patients with chronic disease. We aimed to estimate the rate of LF among patients seropositive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and identify possible demographic and lifestyle risk factors associated with LF. From January 2009 through December 2012, 1010 anti-HCV-positive patients were included in the study. Among participants, 223 (22.1%) met the case definition for LF (more than 1-year elapsed since the last clinical appointment). Among 787 patients who remained in follow-up, 372 (47.2%) were discharged after undetectable HCV RNA, 88 (11.1%) were transferred (and remained on regular follow-up at the destination), and 25 (3.1%) died. According to univariate analysis, male gender, absence of a life partner, black race, psychiatric illness, previous alcohol abuse, previous or current recreational drug use, and previous or current smoking were significantly associated with LF. In multivariate analysis, absence of a life partner (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.44; 95% confidence interval (95%CI)=1.03–2.02), black race (AOR=1.81, 95%CI=1.12–2.89), psychiatric illness (AOR=1.77, 95%CI=1.14–2.73), and the presence of at least one lifestyle risk factor (pertaining to substance abuse) (AOR=1.95, 95%CI=1.29–2.94) were independently associated with LF. Our study provides an estimate of the incidence of LF among anti-HCV-positive patients and identifies risk factors associated with this outcome. In addition, these results can help clinicians recognize patients at risk for LF, who require additional support for the continuity of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Mendes
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil.,Ambulatório Municipal de Hepatites Virais, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - S M Ralla
- Ambulatório Municipal de Hepatites Virais, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - A G Vigani
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil.,Ambulatório Municipal de Hepatites Virais, Campinas, SP, Brasil
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10
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The cost-effectiveness of daclatasvir-based regimens for the treatment of hepatitis C virus genotypes 1 and 4 in the UK. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 28:173-80. [PMID: 26545086 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000000510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the cost-effectiveness of daclatasvir in combination with other medicinal products for the treatment of patients with hepatitis C virus genotypes 1 and 4 and advanced liver disease in the UK. METHODS A published and validated Markov model designed to simulate the natural history of chronic hepatitis C was used to compare daclatasvir with relevant treatment options for patients with hepatitis C virus genotypes 1 and 4 and a METAVIR score of F3-F4. Patients were defined according to their treatment status; that is, naive, experienced or interferon ineligible/intolerant. Data inputs for the analysis were derived from published sources, UK-specific where possible. A lifetime horizon was used, with costs and benefits discounted at 3.5%. RESULTS Daclatasvir-based regimens are estimated to be cost-effective versus no treatment and established standard-of-care regimens, including telaprevir in combination with pegylated interferon-α+ribavirin (PR), boceprevir in combination with PR and PR alone (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio range: £3715-£15,408). The cost-effectiveness of daclatasvir-based regimens versus emerging regimens (sofosbuvir or simeprevir based) is less consistent, but was dominant or cost-effective (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio range: £1394-£28,393) in all except two scenarios. CONCLUSION Daclatasvir-based regimens are expected to be highly cost-effective for the majority patients with advanced disease versus relevant comparator regimens, including newer direct-acting antiviral regimens.
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Bashir H, Ahmed N, Khan MA, Zafar AU, Tahir S, Khan MI, Khan F, Husnain T. Simple procedure applying lactose induction and one-step purification for high-yield production of rhCIFN. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 63:708-714. [PMID: 26256695 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant consensus interferon (CIFN) is a therapeutic protein with molecular weight of 19.5 kDa having broad spectrum antiviral activity. Recombinant human CIFN (rhCIFN) has previously been expressed in Escherichia coli using isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), a non-metabolizable and expensive compound, as inducer. For economical and commercial-scale recombinant protein production, it is greatly needed to increase the product yield in a limited time frame to reduce the processing cost. To reduce the cost of production of rhCIFN in E. coli, induction was accomplished by using lactose instead of IPTG. Lactose induction (14 g/L) in shake flask experiment resulted in higher yield as compared with 1 mM IPTG. Finally, with single-step purification on DEAE sepharose, 150 mg/L of >98% pure rhCIFN was achieved. In the present study, an attempt was made to develop a low cost process for producing quality product with high purity. Methods devised may be helpful for pilot-scale production of recombinant proteins at low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Bashir
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Ahmed
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Mohsin Ahmad Khan
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Usman Zafar
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saad Tahir
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Islam Khan
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faidad Khan
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Husnain
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ahmed N, Bashir H, Zafar AU, Khan MA, Tahir S, Khan F, Khan MI, Akram M, Husnain T. Optimization of conditions for high-level expression and purification of human recombinant consensus interferon (rh-cIFN) and its characterization. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 62:699-708. [PMID: 25402716 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant human consensus interferon (rh-cIFN) is an artificially engineered interferon (IFN) developed by recombining and reordering the protein sequences that exist in standard IFN. This recombination resulted into a drug that has the potential to work better than natural, standard IFN. In this study, we described optimized conditions for high-level expression and recovery of biologically active consensus IFN from inclusion bodies (IBs). A synthetic gene coding 166 amino acids of consensus IFN was cloned under the T7 promoter. Escherichia coli strain BL21DE3Plys was used to transform expression construct. For high-level expression, shake-flask fermentation conditions were standardized. For isolation of IBs, the sonication method was optimized. A variety of chaotropic agents including guanidine hydrochloride, urea, SDS, and detergents were studied for solubilization of IBs. For renaturation of solubilized denatured protein by the dilution process, parameters of dilution factor, temperature, and l-arginine were optimized. A one-step chromatography method was developed for high-yield purification of consensus IFN. rh-cIFN was characterized by SDS-PAGE, Western blot, and high-performance liquid chromatography. Purified protein has a molecular weight of 19.5 kDa and specific activity was 2.0 × 10(8) as determined by the cytopathic inhibition assay. This study concludes that by using optimized conditions, we obtained a yield of 100 mg/L of biologically active rh-cIFN, which is highest ever reported according to available data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Ahmed
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Bashir
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Usman Zafar
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Ahmad Khan
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saad Tahir
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faidad Khan
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Islam Khan
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Husnain
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Lou S, Cuniere N, Su BN, Hobson LA. Concise asymmetric synthesis of a (1R,2S)-1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid-derived sulfonamide and ethyl ester. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:6796-805. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41394b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Ponziani FR, Gasbarrini A, Pompili M, Burra P, Fagiuoli S. Management of hepatitis C virus infection recurrence after liver transplantation: an overview. Transplant Proc 2011; 43:291-5. [PMID: 21335208 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.09.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the major indication for liver transplantation worldwide. Its recurrence is virtually universal. Once reinfection is established, progression to cirrhosis occurs in 25%-30% of recipients within 5 years. Several studies have attempted to identify the ideal antiviral treatment for liver transplant recipients. At present, the management of recurrent HCV infection in liver transplant recipients is based on widely accepted indications, which represent a reliable guide to identify the "ideal" candidate for therapy, when therapy should be started, and what is to be expected in terms of side effects and response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- F R Ponziani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
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Romero-Weaver AL, Wang HW, Steen HC, Scarzello AJ, Hall VL, Sheikh F, Donnelly RP, Gamero AM. Resistance to IFN-alpha-induced apoptosis is linked to a loss of STAT2. Mol Cancer Res 2010; 8:80-92. [PMID: 20068068 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-08-0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Type I IFNs (IFN-alpha/beta) are pleitropic cytokines widely used in the treatment of certain malignancies, hepatitis B and C, and multiple sclerosis. IFN resistance is a challenging clinical problem to overcome. Hence, understanding the molecular mechanism by which IFN immunotherapy ceases to be effective is of translational importance. In this study, we report that continuous IFN-alpha stimulation of the human Jurkat variant H123 led to resistance to type I IFN-induced apoptosis due to a loss of signal transducers and activators of transcription 2 (STAT2) expression. The apoptotic effects of IFN-alpha were hampered as STAT2-deficient cells were defective in activating the mitochondrial-dependent death pathway and ISGF3-mediated gene activation. Reconstitution of STAT2 restored the apoptotic effects of IFN-alpha as measured by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release from mitochondria, caspase activation, and ultimately cell death. Nuclear localization of STAT2 was a critical event as retention of tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT2 in the cytosol was not sufficient to activate apoptosis. Furthermore, silencing STAT2 gene expression in Saos2 and A375S.2 tumor cell lines significantly reduced the apoptotic capacity of IFN-alpha. Altogether, we show that STAT2 is a critical mediator in the activation of type I IFN-induced apoptosis. More importantly, defects in the expression or nuclear localization of STAT2 could lessen the efficacy of type I IFN immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Romero-Weaver
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, Maryland, USA
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Zheng Y, Zhao L, Wu T, Guo S, Chen Y, Zhou T. Efficacy of consensus interferon in treatment of HbeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B: a multicentre, randomized controlled trial. Virol J 2009; 6:99. [PMID: 19586556 PMCID: PMC2715390 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-6-99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2009] [Accepted: 07/09/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Consensus interferon (CIFN) is a newly developed type I interferon. Aims This multicentre, controlled trial was conducted to determine the efficacy of CIFN and to compare it with alpha-1b-interferon (IFN-α1b) in the treatment of patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B. Methods 144 Patients were randomly assigned to receive 9 μg CIFN (CIFN group) or 50 μg INF-α1b (IFN-alpha group) subcutaneously 3 times weekly for 24 weeks, followed by 24 weeks of observation. Efficacy was assessed by normalization of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels and the non-detectability of serum hepatitis B virus DNA or HBeAg at the end of treatment and 24 weeks after stopping treatment. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the serological, virological and biochemical parameters between CIFN and IFN-α1b groups at the end of the therapy and follow-up period (p > 0.05). Overall, at the end of treatment, 7.0% (5/71) and 35.2% (25/71) of patients in the CIFN group showed a complete or partial response compared with 7.4% (5/68) and 33.8% (23/68) of the IFN-alpha group (p = 0.10). At 24 weeks after stopping treatment, 6.9% (5/72) and 37.5% (27/72) of patients in the CIFN group showed complete response or partial response compared with 7.1% (5/70) and 34.3% (24/70) of the IFN-alpha group (p = 0.10). Conclusion These findings suggest that 9 μg CIFN is effective in the treatment of patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B. It can gradually induce ALT normalization and HBV DNA clearance and HBeAg loss or HBeAg/HBeAb seroconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- YongLi Zheng
- Infectious Disease Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, PR China.
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Hsu CS, Liu CH, Liu CJ, Chen CL, Lai MY, Chen PJ, Chen DS, Kao JH. Factors affecting early viral load decline of Asian chronic hepatitis C patients receiving pegylated interferon plus ribavirin therapy. Antivir Ther 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/135965350901400101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Early viral load decline following pegylated interferon-α2a and ribavirin therapy is an important predictor of the treatment responses in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients, thus, it is essential to evaluate the influence of host and viral factors on early viral load decline. Methods Clinical and serial virological data were collected from 145 consecutive Asian CHC patients with pegylated interferon-α2a plus ribavirin therapy. A dose of pegylated interferon-α2a was administered at week 1 and then weekly with daily oral ribavirin for 24 or 48 weeks. Genotyping and quantification of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA were done using molecular methods. Results A total of 81 patients were infected with HCV genotype 1, 61 with genotype 2 and 3 with both genotypes 1 and 2. At the end of follow-up, 110 patients attained sustained virological response (SVR). In multivariate analyses, body mass index (BMI) and genotype were related to viral load decline at day 2, baseline viral load and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were correlated with viral load decline between days 2 and 28. Genotype, baseline viral load, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and BMI independently predicted rapid virological response, whereas only genotype 2, lower baseline viral load and more substantial viral load decline at day 28 predicted a higher SVR. Conclusions HCV genotype, baseline viral load, pretreatment BMI, HDL and ALT levels have a significant effect on early viral load decline of Asian CHC patients with interferon-based therapy. Only HCV genotype, baseline viral load and viral load decline at day 28 can independently predict SVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Sheng Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hua Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ling Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yang Lai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jer Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Shinn Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Horng Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Liu SA, Asano R, Guo JJ, Liu ZY, Yu KK, Xu DZ. Cloning recombinant consensus interferon with overlap extension polymerase chain reaction. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2008; 16:479-483. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v16.i5.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To obtain the recombinant consensus interferon (cIFN) gene by overlap extension PCR and to express it using a prokaryotic expression system to identify its activities.
METHODS: Overlap extension PCR was performed to obtain the cIFN gene and to construct the high expression vector for the production of cIFN protein according the preferred codon of E.coli. The expression vector pRA-cIFN was transformed with BL21 (DE3) E.coli straining. The expression of cIFN was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting and purified by metal-chelating chromatography, and refolded by stepwise dialysis method. Then, the immune and biological activities of cIFN were detected by ELISA, MTS chromometry and hemagglutination inhibition test.
RESULTS: The cIFN gene was obtained by overlap extension PCR. Its DNA length was 534 bp which is consistent with its theoretical length. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting showed that the pressed cIFN protein in E.coli BL21 (DE3) was in the form of inclusion bodies and its molecular weight was 23.3 kDa. We achieved the refolding of E.coli-expressed cIFN with a stepwise dialysis method. The biological activity of the refolded cIFN was detected by ELISA, MTS chromometry and hemagglutination inhibition test, showing that cIFN had obvious immunological activities, dose-dependent suppressive activity of PLC/PRF/5 cell proliferation and HBsAg secretion inhibitory activity.
CONCLUSION: Overlap extension PCR is a simple method to obtain the recombinant genes. cIFN protein produced in this study has significant anti-virus and anti-tumor cell proliferation activities.
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