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Aybar-Flores A, Talavera A, Espinoza-Portilla E. Predicting the HIV/AIDS Knowledge among the Adolescent and Young Adult Population in Peru: Application of Quasi-Binomial Logistic Regression and Machine Learning Algorithms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5318. [PMID: 37047934 PMCID: PMC10093875 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate knowledge is one of the principal obstacles for preventing HIV/AIDS spread. Worldwide, it is reported that adolescents and young people have a higher vulnerability of being infected. Thus, the need to understand youths' knowledge towards HIV/AIDS becomes crucial. This study aimed to identify the determinants and develop a predictive model to estimate HIV/AIDS knowledge among this target population in Peru. Data from the 2019 DHS Survey were used. The software RStudio and RapidMiner were used for quasi-binomial logistic regression and computational model building, respectively. Five classification algorithms were considered for model development and their performance was assessed using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, FPR, FNR, Cohen's kappa, F1 score and AUC. The results revealed an association between 14 socio-demographic, economic and health factors and HIV/AIDS knowledge. The accuracy levels were estimated between 59.47 and 64.30%, with the random forest model showing the best performance (64.30%). Additionally, the best classifier showed that the gender of the respondent, area of residence, wealth index, region of residence, interviewee's age, highest educational level, ethnic self-perception, having heard about HIV/AIDS in the past, the performance of an HIV/AIDS screening test and mass media access have a major influence on HIV/AIDS knowledge prediction. The results suggest the usefulness of the associations found and the random forest model as a predictor of knowledge of HIV/AIDS and may aid policy makers to guide and reinforce the planning and implementation of healthcare strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Aybar-Flores
- Department of Engineering, Universidad del Pacífico, Lima 15072, Peru; (A.A.-F.); (A.T.)
| | - Alvaro Talavera
- Department of Engineering, Universidad del Pacífico, Lima 15072, Peru; (A.A.-F.); (A.T.)
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Opioid Use Disorders in People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Review of Implications for Patient Outcomes, Drug Interactions, and Neurocognitive Disorders. PHARMACY 2020; 8:pharmacy8030168. [PMID: 32932786 PMCID: PMC7559328 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy8030168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The opioid epidemic has had a significant, negative impact in the United States, and people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) represent a vulnerable sub-population that is at risk for negative sequela from prolonged opioid use or opioid use disorder (OUD). PLWHA are known to suffer from HIV-related pain and are commonly treated with opioids, leading to subsequent addictive disorders. PLWHA and OUD are at an increased risk for attrition in the HIV care continuum, including suboptimal HIV laboratory testing, delayed entry into HIV care, and initiation or adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Barriers to OUD treatment, such as medication-assisted therapy, are also apparent for PLWHA with OUD, particularly those living in rural areas. Additionally, PLWHA and OUD are at a high risk for serious drug–drug interactions through antiretroviral-opioid metabolic pathway-related inhibition/induction, or via the human ether-a-go-go-related gene potassium ion channel pathways. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders can also be potentiated by the off-target inflammatory effects of opioid use. PLWHA and OUD might require more intensive, individualized protocols to sustain treatment for the underlying opioid addiction, as well as to provide proactive social support to aid in improving patient outcomes. Advancements in the understanding and management of PLWHA and OUD are needed to improve patient care. This review describes the effects of prescription and non-prescription opioid use in PLWHA.
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Benbow ND, Aaby DA, Rosenberg ES, Brown CH. County-level factors affecting Latino HIV disparities in the United States. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237269. [PMID: 32785252 PMCID: PMC7423131 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine which county-level social, economic, demographic, epidemiologic and access to care factors are associated with Latino/non-Latino White disparities in prevalence of diagnosed HIV infection. METHODS AND FINDINGS We used 2016 county-level prevalence rates of diagnosed HIV infection rates for Latinos and non-Latino Whites obtained from the National HIV Surveillance System and factors obtained from multiple publicly available datasets. We used mixed effects Poisson modeling of observed HIV prevalence at the county-level to identify county-level factors that explained homogeneous effects across race/ethnicity and differential effects for Latinos and NL-Whites. Overall, the median Latinos disparity in HIV prevalence is 2.4; 94% of the counties have higher rates for Latinos than non-Latinos, and one-quarter of the counties' disparities exceeded 10. Of the 41 county-level factors examined, 24 showed significant effect modification when examined individually. In multi-variable modeling, 11 county-level factors were found that significantly affected disparities. Factors that increased disparity with higher, compared to lower values included proportion of HIV diagnoses due to injection drug use, percent Latino living in poverty, percent not English proficient, and percent Puerto Rican. Latino disparities increased with decreasing percent severe housing, drug overdose mortality rate, percent rural, female prevalence rate, social association rate, percent change in Latino population, and Latino to NL-White proportion of the population. These factors while significant had minimal effects on diminishing disparity, but did substantially reduce the variance in disparity rates. CONCLUSIONS Large differences in HIV prevalence rates persist across almost all counties even after controlling for county-level factors. Counties that are more rural, have fewer Latinos, or have lower NL-White prevalence rates tend to have higher disparities. There is also higher disparity when community risk is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanette D. Benbow
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - David A. Aaby
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Eli S. Rosenberg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany School of Public Health, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, United States of America
| | - C. Hendricks Brown
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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Eghaneyan BH, Sanchez K, Haeny AM, Montgomery L, Lopez-Castro T, Burlew AK, Rezaeizadeh A, Killian MO. Hispanic participants in the National Institute on Drug Abuse's Clinical Trials Network: A scoping review of two decades of research. Addict Behav Rep 2020; 12:100287. [PMID: 32637563 PMCID: PMC7330873 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hispanics experience multiple structural barriers to adequate substance use treatment. Effective interventions for Hispanic populations exist. Measurement equivalence and culturally-tailored programs are essential.
Introduction Hispanics significantly underutilize substance abuse treatment and are at greater risk for poor treatment outcomes and dropout. Two decades of research from the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (CTN) offers an opportunity to increase our understanding in how to address the disparities experienced by Hispanics in substance abuse treatment. Methods A scoping review was utilized to determine what has been learned from the CTN about Hispanic populations with substance use disorder. A systematic search was conducted within the CTN Dissemination Library and nine databases. Potentially relevant studies were independently assessed by two reviewers for inclusion. Results Twenty-four studies were included in the review. Results identified issues in measurement, characteristics of Hispanic substance use, effective interventions, and gaps for future research. Characteristics that interfere with treatment participation were also identified including low employment rates, less likelihood of having insurance, lower rates of internet access, and increased travel time to services, as were treatment issues such as high rates of alcohol and tobacco use. Effective interventions were identified; however, the effectiveness of these interventions may be limited to specific factors. Conclusions Despite efforts to improve inclusion of minority populations, Hispanics remain underrepresented in clinical trials. Future research including Hispanic populations should examine measurement equivalence and consider how cultural and historical experiences, as well as patient characteristics, influence utilization of services. Finally, more studies are needed that examine the impact of structural factors that act as barriers to treatment access and engagement and result in significant disparities in treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany H Eghaneyan
- School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, 211 South Cooper Street, Box 19129, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Katherine Sanchez
- School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, 211 South Cooper Street, Box 19129, Arlington, TX 76019, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Angela M Haeny
- Yale School of Medicine, 34 Park St., New Haven, CT 06519, United States
| | - LaTrice Montgomery
- Center for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3131 Harvey Avenue, Suite 204, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Teresa Lopez-Castro
- The City College of New York, 160 Convent Ave., New York, NY 10031, United States
| | - A Kathleen Burlew
- University of Cincinnati, 2600 Clifton Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45220, United States
| | - Afsaneh Rezaeizadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Michael O Killian
- College of Social Work, Florida State University, 296 Champions Way, UCC 3407, Tallahassee, FL 32309, United States
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Montgomery L, Burlew AK, Haeny AM, Jones CA. A systematic scoping review of research on Black participants in the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2019; 34:117-127. [PMID: 31246072 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Black individuals experience a disproportionate burden of substance-related disabilities and premature death relative to other racial/ethnic groups, highlighting the need for additional research. The National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (CTN), a research platform for multisite behavioral, pharmacological, and integrated trials designed to evaluate the effectiveness of substance use treatments in community settings with diversified patient populations, provides a wealth of research knowledge on substance use. Although CTN trials have enrolled over 5,000 Black individuals since its inception in 2000, there has been no synthesis of the findings, discussion of the implications, or suggestions for future research for Black individuals. Members of the Minority Interest Group of the CTN conducted a scoping review of published research on Black participants in CTN trials. Studies were included if the sample was more than 75% Black and/or specific findings pertaining to Black participants were reported. The review yielded 50 articles, with studies that mostly focused on baseline characteristics, followed by substance use treatment outcomes, HIV/risky sex behaviors, retention, comorbid conditions and measurement issues. This review highlighted the importance of several issues that are critical to understanding and treating substance misuse among Black people, such as the characteristics of Black people entering treatment, measurement equivalence, and engaging/retaining adolescents and young adults in treatment. There is still a continued need to identify the most effective treatments for Black individuals who use substances. The CTN offers several untapped opportunities to further advance research on Black individuals who use substances (e.g., secondary analyses of publicly available data). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Huser V, Shmueli-Blumberg D. Data sharing platforms for de-identified data from human clinical trials. Clin Trials 2018; 15:413-423. [PMID: 29676586 DOI: 10.1177/1740774518769655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Data sharing of de-identified individual participant data is being adopted by an increasing number of sponsors of human clinical trials. In addition to standardizing data syntax for shared trial data, semantic integration of various data elements is the focus of several initiatives that define research common data elements. This perspective article, in the first part, compares several data sharing platforms for de-identified clinical research data in terms of their size, policies and supported features. In the second part, we use a case study approach to describe in greater detail one data sharing platform (Data Share from National Institute of Drug Abuse). We present data on the past use of the platform, data formats offered, data de-identification approaches and its use of research common data elements. We conclude with a summary of current and expected future trends that facilitate secondary research use of data from completed human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtech Huser
- 1 National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Meredith SE, Rash CJ, Petry NM. Alcohol use disorders are associated with increased HIV risk behaviors in cocaine-dependent methadone patients. J Subst Abuse Treat 2017; 83:10-14. [PMID: 29129191 PMCID: PMC5726558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
People who inject drugs (PWID) are at increased risk of HIV infection. Although methadone maintenance therapy can help lower this risk, many methadone patients continue to engage in HIV risk behaviors, especially patients who use cocaine and alcohol. The purpose of the current study was to investigate relations between alcohol use disorders and HIV risk behavior in 239 cocaine-dependent methadone patients participating in a randomized controlled trial of a behavioral intervention to promote cocaine abstinence. Past 3-month HIV Risk-taking Behavior Scale (HRBS) scores were compared between cocaine-dependent methadone patients who met DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for alcohol abuse or dependence and those who did not meet these criteria. No significant differences in HRBS drug subscale scores were observed between participants with and without alcohol use disorders, indicating risky drug use was similar between groups. However, alcohol use disorder was significantly associated with HRBS sex subscale scores (t=2.59, p=0.01), indicating participants with alcohol use disorders were more likely to engage in risky sexual behavior. Item-level analyses of the sex-related HRBS questions showed participants with alcohol use disorders were significantly more likely than participants without alcohol use disorders to have unprotected sex, engage in transactional (paid) sex, and have anal sex. Interventions are needed to reduce risky sexual behavior and attenuate the spread of HIV in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven E Meredith
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Calhoun Cardiology Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, United States
| | - Carla J Rash
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Calhoun Cardiology Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, United States
| | - Nancy M Petry
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Calhoun Cardiology Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, United States.
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Metz VE, Sullivan MA, Jones JD, Evans E, Luba R, Vogelman J, Comer SD. Racial Differences in HIV and HCV Risk Behaviors, Transmission, and Prevention Knowledge among Non-Treatment-Seeking Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder. J Psychoactive Drugs 2016; 49:59-68. [PMID: 27918880 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2016.1259518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In light of New York's recently reinforced strategy to end the AIDS epidemic by expanding testing, treatment, and access to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), we assessed drug use and sexual risk behaviors, along with HIV/Hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission and prevention knowledge among non-treatment-seeking adults with opioid use disorder (OUD) in New York City. Over the course of 18 months, volunteers screening for research studies in the Opioid Laboratory at the New York State Psychiatric Institute completed a locally developed self-assessment questionnaire. A total of 138 adults with OUD (24 female, 114 male) with a mean age of 46.5 years (SD = 9.5 yrs) were assessed. Significant differences among the four racial/ethnic subgroups (n = 65 African-Americans, n = 34 Hispanics, n = 31 Caucasians or Whites, n = 8 Multiracial) were found. Whites were the youngest (p = 0.001), most frequently injecting drugs (p < 0.001), and engaged more often in risky drug use and sexual behaviors, although their virus transmission knowledge was comparable to that of the other subgroups. Few participants had heard about PrEP. White opioid users showed the most risk behaviors among races/ethnicities, despite comparable prevention knowledge. Better HIV/HCV prevention interventions targeting individuals with opioid use disorders who are not currently in treatment would be desirable, given their large health burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena E Metz
- a Postdoctoral Research Scientist, Department of Psychiatry, Division on Substance Abuse , New York State Psychiatric Institute & Columbia University Medical Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - Maria A Sullivan
- b Study Physician, Department of Psychiatry, Division on Substance Abuse , New York State Psychiatric Institute & Columbia University Medical Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - Jermaine D Jones
- c Assistant Professor of Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Division on Substance Abuse , New York State Psychiatric Institute & Columbia University Medical Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - Elizabeth Evans
- d Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Psychiatry, Division on Substance Abuse , New York State Psychiatric Institute & Columbia University Medical Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - Rachel Luba
- e Research Assistant, Department of Psychiatry, Division on Substance Abuse , New York State Psychiatric Institute & Columbia University Medical Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - Jonathan Vogelman
- e Research Assistant, Department of Psychiatry, Division on Substance Abuse , New York State Psychiatric Institute & Columbia University Medical Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - Sandra D Comer
- e Research Assistant, Department of Psychiatry, Division on Substance Abuse , New York State Psychiatric Institute & Columbia University Medical Center , New York , NY , USA
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Vosvick M, Fritz S, Henry D, Prybutok V, Sheu S, Poe J. Correlates and Racial/Ethnic Differences in Bareback Sex Among Men Who Have Sex with Men with Unknown or Negative HIV Serostatus. AIDS Behav 2016; 20:2798-2811. [PMID: 26983950 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-016-1366-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Men who have sex with men (MSM), particularly racial/ethnic minority MSM, are disproportionately affected by HIV in the United States and Texas. Bareback sex or condomless anal intercourse (CAI) can be a high HIV risk behavior. Despite this, a majority of MSM continues to engage in barebacking. Research suggests racial/ethnic differences in barebacking exist; however, these conclusions remain unclear due to insufficient sample sizes to compare racial/ethnic groups. Our cross-sectional correlational design explores barebacking correlates (substance use during sex, safe sex fatigue, and optimistic HIV treatment beliefs) within and between racial/ethnic groups among 366 MSM. Regression models are significant for Latino and African-American MSM alone and for all MSM combined, though not significant for European-American and Other Race/Ethnicity MSM alone. Our findings suggest motivations and behaviors underlying barebacking among MSM vary by racial/ethnic membership with clinical implications for informing culturally sensitive HIV interventions and prevention programs for target racial/ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Vosvick
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311280, Denton, TX, 76203, USA.
| | - Sarah Fritz
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311280, Denton, TX, 76203, USA
| | - Doug Henry
- Department of Anthropology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Victor Prybutok
- Department of Information Technology & Decision Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Shane Sheu
- TB/HIV/STD Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jonathon Poe
- TB/HIV/STD Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX, USA
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McPherson S, Brooks O, Barbosa-Leiker C, Lederhos C, Lamp A, Murphy S, Layton M, Roll J. Examining Longitudinal Stimulant Use and Treatment Attendance as Parallel Outcomes in Two Contingency Management Randomized Clinical Trials. J Subst Abuse Treat 2015; 61:18-25. [PMID: 26456717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to examine stimulant use and longitudinal treatment attendance in one 'parallel outcomes' model in order to determine how these two outcomes are related to one another during treatment, and to quantify how the intervention impacts these two on- and off-target outcomes differently. Data came from two multi-site randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of contingency management (CM) that targeted stimulant use. We used parallel multilevel modeling to examine the impact of multiple pre-specified covariates, including selected Addiction Severity Index (ASI) scores, age and sex, in addition to CM on concurrent attendance and stimulant use in two separate analyses, i.e., one per trial. In one trial, CM was positively associated with attending treatment throughout the trial (β=0.060, p<0.05). In the second trial, CM predicted negative urinalysis ((-)UA) over the 12-week treatment period (β=0.069, p<0.05). In both trials, there was a significant, positive relationship between attendance and (-)UA submission, but in the first trial a (-)UA at both baseline and over time was related to attendance over time (r=0.117; r=0.013, respectively) and in the second trial, a (-)UA submission at baseline was associated with increased attendance over time (r=0.055). These findings indicate that stimulant use and treatment attendance over time are related but distinct outcomes that, when analyzed simultaneously, portray a more informative picture of their predictors and the separate trajectories of each. This 'indirect reinforcement' between two clinically meaningful on-target (directly reinforced behavior) and off-target (indirectly reinforced behavior) outcomes is in need of further examination in order to fully exploit the potential clinical benefits that could be realized in substance use disorder treatment trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sterling McPherson
- Washington State University, College of Nursing; Washington State University, Program of Excellence in Addictions Research; Washington State University, Translational Addictions Research Center; Washington State University, Department of Health Policy and Administration.
| | - Olivia Brooks
- Washington State University, College of Nursing; Washington State University, Program of Excellence in Addictions Research; Washington State University, Translational Addictions Research Center
| | - Celestina Barbosa-Leiker
- Washington State University, College of Nursing; Washington State University, Program of Excellence in Addictions Research; Washington State University, Translational Addictions Research Center
| | - Crystal Lederhos
- Washington State University, College of Nursing; Washington State University, Program of Excellence in Addictions Research; Washington State University, Translational Addictions Research Center
| | - Amanda Lamp
- Washington State University, Program of Excellence in Addictions Research; Washington State University, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine
| | - Sean Murphy
- Washington State University, College of Nursing; Washington State University, Program of Excellence in Addictions Research; Washington State University, Translational Addictions Research Center; Washington State University, Department of Health Policy and Administration
| | - Matthew Layton
- Washington State University, Program of Excellence in Addictions Research; Washington State University, Translational Addictions Research Center; Washington State University, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine
| | - John Roll
- Washington State University, College of Nursing; Washington State University, Program of Excellence in Addictions Research; Washington State University, Translational Addictions Research Center; Washington State University, Department of Health Policy and Administration
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Whitehead NE, Hearn L, Trenz RC, Burrell LE, Latimer WW. Age cohort differences in illicit drug use and hepatitis C among African American substance users. J Addict Dis 2015; 33:314-21. [PMID: 25299749 DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2014.969605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Identifying prognostic indicators for undiagnosed Hepatitis C is crucial to attenuate the negative impact of this disease. This study explored the influence of recent and more distal injection drug use on biologically confirmed Hepatitis C infection among a sample (N = 260) of older and younger African Americans. Data from the baseline assessment of the NEURO-HIV epidemiologic study was analyzed using confounder adjusted regression techniques. Older adults were more likely to test positive for Hepatitis C (OR = 2.80, 95% CI = 1.53-5.11) due to lifetime injection drug use (AOR = 5.37, 95% CI = 3.10-9.28). Clinical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Ennis Whitehead
- a Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida , USA
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