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Hong CW, Tsai HY, Chung CH, Wang JC, Hsu YJ, Lin CY, Hsu CW, Chien WC, Tsai SH. The associations among peptic ulcer disease, Helicobacter pylori infection, and abdominal aortic aneurysms: A nationwide population-based cohort study. J Cardiol 2024; 84:180-188. [PMID: 38382580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are overlapping risk factors and underlying molecular mechanisms for both peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Despite improvements in the early diagnosis and treatment of AAA, ruptured AAAs continue to cause a substantial number of deaths. Helicobacter pylori are Gram-negative, microaerophilic bacteria that are now recognized as the main cause of PUD. H. pylori infection (HPI) is associated with an increased risk of certain cardiovascular diseases. HPIs can be treated with at least two different antibiotics to prevent bacteria from developing resistance to one particular antibiotic. METHODS We conducted a population-based cohort study using the National Health Insurance Research Database to evaluate whether associations exist among PUD, HPI, and eradication therapy for HPI and AAA. The primary outcome of this study was the cumulative incidence of AAA among patients with or without PUD and HPI during the 14-year follow-up period. RESULTS Our analysis included 7003 patients with PUD/HPI, 7003 patients with only PUD, and another 7003 age-, sex-, and comorbidity-matched controls from the database. We found that patients with PUD/HPI had a significantly increased risk of AAA compared to those with PUD alone and matched controls. The patients who had PUD/HPI had a significantly higher cumulative risk of developing AAA than those with PUD and the comparison group (2.67 % vs. 1.41 % vs. 0.73 %, respectively, p < 0.001). Among those patients with PUD/HPI, patients who had eradication therapy had a lower incidence of AAA than those without eradication therapy (2.46 % vs. 3.88 %, p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS We revealed an association among PUD, HPI, and AAA, even after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, and annual medical follow-up visits. Notably, we found that HPI eradication therapy reduced the incidence of AAA among patients with PUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wei Hong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ya Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chun Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Juei Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Lin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Wang Hsu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency and Critical Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Hung Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Helmin-Basa A, Kubiszewska I, Wiese-Szadkowska M, Strzyżewska E, Skalska-Bugała A, Balcerowska S, Rasmus M, Balcerczyk D, Pokrywczyńska M, Michałkiewicz J, Krogulska A, Główczewski A, Szaflarska-Popławska A. Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Circulating Immune Cells in Children with Helicobacter pylori Infection-Correlation with Clinical Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15660. [PMID: 37958643 PMCID: PMC10647845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
H. pylori gastritis is strongly associated with the upregulation of the expression of several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the gastric mucosa. However, the role of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and their inhibitors (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases -TIMPs) produced by immune cells in infected children have not been clearly defined. Moreover, the effects of H. pylori eradication therapy on MMPs and TIMPs production has not been evaluated. A total of 84 children were studied: 24-with newly diagnosed H. pylori gastritis, 25-after H. pylori eradication therapy (17 of them after successful therapy), 24-with H. pylori-negative gastritis, and 11-controls. Plasma levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 by ELISA; MMPs and TIMPs expression in lymphocytes; neutrophils and monocytes in peripheral blood by multiparameter flow cytometry; and mucosal mRNA expression levels of MMPs and TIMP-1 in gastric biopsies by RT-PCR were evaluated. Children with H. pylori-related gastritis showed the following: (1) increased MMP-2 and TIMP-2 plasma levels, (2) increased intracellular expression of MMP-2 in the circulating lymphocytes and neutrophils, (3) low frequencies of circulating TIMP-1+ and TIMP-2+ leukocytes, and (4) high expression of mRNA for MMP-9 along with low expression of mRNA for MMP-2 in the gastric mucosa. Unsuccessful H. pylori eradication was associated with the following: (1) high plasma levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1, (2) increased pool of TIMP-1+ lymphocytes as well as high expression of MMP-9 in circulating lymphocytes, and (3) high expression of mRNA for MMP-9 in the gastric mucosa. Our data suggest that MMPs are important contributors to stomach remodelling in children with H. pylori-related gastritis. Unsuccessful H. pylori eradication is associated with increased MMP-9 in plasma, circulating lymphocytes, and gastric mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Helmin-Basa
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.H.-B.); (I.K.); (M.W.-S.); (E.S.); (A.S.-B.); (S.B.)
| | - Izabela Kubiszewska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.H.-B.); (I.K.); (M.W.-S.); (E.S.); (A.S.-B.); (S.B.)
| | - Małgorzata Wiese-Szadkowska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.H.-B.); (I.K.); (M.W.-S.); (E.S.); (A.S.-B.); (S.B.)
| | - Edyta Strzyżewska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.H.-B.); (I.K.); (M.W.-S.); (E.S.); (A.S.-B.); (S.B.)
| | - Aleksandra Skalska-Bugała
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.H.-B.); (I.K.); (M.W.-S.); (E.S.); (A.S.-B.); (S.B.)
| | - Sara Balcerowska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.H.-B.); (I.K.); (M.W.-S.); (E.S.); (A.S.-B.); (S.B.)
| | - Marta Rasmus
- Department of Regenerative Medicine Cell and Tissue Bank, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.R.); (D.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Daria Balcerczyk
- Department of Regenerative Medicine Cell and Tissue Bank, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.R.); (D.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Marta Pokrywczyńska
- Department of Regenerative Medicine Cell and Tissue Bank, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.R.); (D.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Jacek Michałkiewicz
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Aneta Krogulska
- Department of Pediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Adam Główczewski
- Department of Pediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Anna Szaflarska-Popławska
- Department of Pediatric Endoscopy and Gastrointestinal Function Testing, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, ul. Jagiellonska 13-15, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Sokolova O, Naumann M. Matrix Metalloproteinases in Helicobacter pylori-Associated Gastritis and Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1883. [PMID: 35163805 PMCID: PMC8836485 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of the cancer-related mortality worldwide. The etiology of this disease is complex and involves genetic predisposition and environmental factors, including Helicobacter pylori. Infection of the stomach with H. pylori leads to gastritis and gastric atrophy, which can progress stepwise to gastric cancer. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) actively participate in the pathology development. The further progression of gastric cancer seems to be less dependent on bacteria but of intra-tumor cell dynamics. Bioinformatics data confirmed an important role of the extracellular matrix constituents and specific MMPs in stomach carcinoma invasion and metastasis, and revised their potential as predictors of the disease outcome. In this review, we describe, in detail, the impact of MMPs in H. pylori-associated gastritis and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sokolova
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Naumann
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Minyaylo ON, Ponomarenko IV, Churnosov MI. Gender-Specific Features of Associations of Polymorphism of Matrix Metalloproteinase Genes with the Development of Peptic Ulcer Disease in the Population of the Central Chernozem Region of Russia. RUSS J GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795421100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abdi E, Latifi-Navid S, Abedi Sarvestani F, Esmailnejad MH. Emerging therapeutic targets for gastric cancer from a host- Helicobacter pylori interaction perspective. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:685-699. [PMID: 34410200 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1971195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastric cancer (GC) has the higher genetic, cytologic, and architectural heterogeneity compared to other gastrointestinal cancers. By inducing gastric inflammation, Helicobacter pylori (HP) may lead to GC through combining bacterial factors with host factors. In this regard, identification of the major therapeutic targets against the host-HP interactions plays a critical role in GC prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. AREAS COVERED This study offers new insights into the promising therapeutic targets against the angiogenesis, invasion, or metastasis of GC from a host-HP interaction perspective. To this end, MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, AIM, and IndMed databases were searched for relevant articles since 1992. EXPERT OPINION Wnt signaling and COX pathway have a well-documented history in the genesis of GC by HP and might be considered as the most promising targets for early GC treatment. Destroying HP may decrease the risk of GC, but it cannot fully hinder the GC development induced by HP infection. Therefore, targeting HP-activated pathways, especially COX-2/Wnt/beta-catenin/VEGF, TLR2/TLR9/COX-2, COX2-PGE2, and NF-κB/COX-2, as well as EPHA2, MMPs, and miR-543/SIRT1 axis, can be an effective measure in the early treatment of GC. However, different clinical trials and large, multi-center cohorts are required to validate these potentially effective targets for GC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmat Abdi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
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Functionally significant polymorphisms of the MMP-9 gene are associated with peptic ulcer disease in the Caucasian population of Central Russia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13515. [PMID: 34188075 PMCID: PMC8241834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92527-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed the association of functionally significant SNPs of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) genes in the development of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) in Caucasians from Central Russia. Ten SNPs of the MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, and MMP-9 genes were analyzed for association with PUD in a cohort of 798 patients with PUD (including 404 H. pylori-positive and 394 H. pylori-negative) and 347 H. pylori-negative controls using logistic regression and assuming the additive, recessive, and dominant genetic models. The variants of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-8 did not manifest any significant associations with the diseases. Five SNPs of the MMP-9 gene demonstrated such association. Allele G of the rs17576 MMP-9 locus conferred a higher risk for PUD (ORadj = 1.31, pperm = 0.016), haplotype AACG of loci rs17576-rs3787268-rs2250889-rs17577 of the MMP-9 gene decreased risk for PUD (ORadj = 0.17, pperm = 0.003). Also, allele C of rs3918249, allele G of rs17576 and haplotype CG of rs3918249-rs17576 of the MMP-9 gene increased risk for H. pylori-positive PUD (ORadj = 1.82, pperm = 0.002; ORadj = 1.53–1.95 pperm = 0.001–0.013 and ORadj = 1.49 pperm = 0.009 respectively). The above loci and 50 linked to them possess significant regulatory effects and may affect the alternative splicing of four genes and the expression of 17 genes in various organs and tissues related to the PUD pathogenesis.
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Schaalan M, Mohamed W, Fathy S. MiRNA-200c, MiRNA-139 and ln RNA H19; new predictors of treatment response in H-pylori- induced gastric ulcer or progression to gastric cancer. Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104442. [PMID: 32795593 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer and progression to gastric cancer could be attributed to altered inflammatory/immunological response and associated differential non-coding RNAs expression signatures. However, co-expression profiling of lncRNA-miRNAs in GU/GC patients are scarcely focused on. Therefore, in the present study the expression of H19 and related miRNAs including miR-139, and miR-200 were assayed in the plasma samples of treatment responsive GU vs nonresponsive GC patients. This study is a case-control study carried out on 130 subjects recruited from the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit in Al-Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, in Egypt. All recruited patients were diagnosed with H-pylori infection, 50 of them were gastric cancer patients (GC), with previous H-pylori induced gastric ulcer but were treatment non-respondent. Real-time PCR was performed to evaluate the expression level of serum non-coding RNA; miRNA-200c, miR-139, Ln RNA H19 in patients with peptic ulcer treatment non-respondent, who progressed to GC vs non-progressed gastric ulcer patients (GU) (n = 50), and compared to early diagnosed H-pylori-gastric ulcer patients (n = 30). The association between these miRNAs and the FGF-18/FGF-R signaling indicators of H-pylori-GC pathogenesis were then investigated. RESULTS: showed that the H19 level was significantly elevated while miR-139 and miR-200c expression were significantly down-regulated in GC patients, compared to GU participants (P < 0.01). The herein investigated ncRNAs are correlated to the disease duration with Ln H19 being significantly correlated with all inflammatory markers; TNF-α, INF-γ, TAC, MMP-9, and FGF18/FGFR2. A significant correlation was also observed between miRNA 200c and each of miRNA 139 and FGFR2. Moreover, ROC analysis revealed that miRNA 200c showed the highest AUC (0.906) and 81.2% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Moreover, the combined analysis of miRNA 200c/miRNA 139 revealed superior AUC (0.96) and 93% sensitivity and 100% specificity, than each separately. As for discriminative accuracy between stages III to IV of gastric cancer, LncRNA H19 showed the highest diagnostic accuracy (95.5%), specificity (100%), and sensitivity (90.9%). The current study demonstrated that the combination of serum miRNA 200c/miRNA 139 expression levels (down-regulation) could provide a new potential prognostic panel for GU predictive response and potential sequelae. In conclusion, LncRNA H19 and related miRNAs, miRNA 200c/miRNA 139, could serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker for early gastric cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Schaalan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical and Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Waleed Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kasr El Aini Teaching Hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Shimaa Fathy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical and Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Mohamed WA, Schaalan MF, Ramadan B. The expression profiling of circulating miR-204, miR-182, and lncRNA H19 as novel potential biomarkers for the progression of peptic ulcer to gastric cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:13464-13477. [PMID: 30945348 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of noncoding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), are implicated in the initiation and progression of gastric cancer (GC). This study is a pilot case-control study carried out on 75 subjects, 40 of them were Helicobacter pylori-gastric ulcer patients and 35 were GC patients recruited from the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit in Al-Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University in Egypt. Real-time PCR was performed to evaluate the expression level of serum miR-204, miR-182, and lncRNA H19 in patients with peptic ulcer-progressed GC vs nonprogressed peptic ulcer patients. Fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF-18)/FGF receptor 2 (FGFR2) expression and their downstream immunological and inflammatory signaling markers were assessed and their association with the addressed noncoding RNAs investigated. As regards miR-204 and miR-182, they were significantly increased (12.5 and 2.6 folds, respectively) in GU samples, compared with those of healthy control levels. The elevated levels of these miRNAs were significantly de-escalated in GC samples compared with GU and the fold decrease valued 2.2 fold for miR-204 and 1.8 folds for miR-182. On the other hand, the significant escalation in the level of lnRNA H19 in GU recorded a 16.6 fold increase and further elevation in its levels was evident in GC samples. The herein assessed miRNAs are correlated with disease duration and FGFR2 with miR-182 being significantly correlated with all inflammatory markers, TAC, INF-γ, matrix metallopeptidase 9, and FGF-18. In terms of diagnostic accuracy of assessed miRNAs (stages III to IV), the receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that serum lncRNA H19 showed the highest diagnostic accuracy (95.5%), specificity (100%), and sensitivity (90.9%), compared with miR-204 and miR-182, which showed the same specificity (60%), sensitivity (72.7%), and diagnostic accuracy (68.8%). Our findings conclude that lnRNA H19, miR-204, and miR-182 may function as novel prospective plasma biomarkers to detect GC and its progression from H. pylori-peptic ulcer, which would be helpful to improve the theranostics of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed A Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, Kasr El Aini Teaching Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona F Schaalan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Basma Ramadan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Bagheri N, Sadeghiani M, Rahimian G, Mahsa M, Shafigh M, Rafieian-kopaei M, Shirzad H. Correlation between expression of MMP-9 and MMP-3 in Helicobacter pylori infected patients with different gastroduodenal diseases. Arab J Gastroenterol 2018; 19:148-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Mechanisms of angiogenesis in microbe-regulated inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. Angiogenesis 2017; 21:1-14. [PMID: 29110215 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-017-9583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Commensal microbiota inhabit all the mucosal surfaces of the human body. It plays significant roles during homeostatic conditions, and perturbations in numbers and/or products are associated with several pathological disorders. Angiogenesis, the process of new vessel formation, promotes embryonic development and critically modulates several biological processes during adulthood. Indeed, deregulated angiogenesis can induce or augment several pathological conditions. Accumulating evidence has implicated the angiogenic process in various microbiota-associated human diseases. Herein, we critically review diseases that are regulated by microbiota and are affected by angiogenesis, aiming to provide a broad understanding of how angiogenesis is involved and how microbiota regulate angiogenesis in microbiota-associated human conditions.
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Slomiany BL, Slomiany A. Role of LPS-elicited signaling in triggering gastric mucosal inflammatory responses to H. pylori: modulatory effect of ghrelin. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 25:415-429. [PMID: 28516374 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0360-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori is a primary culprit in the etiology of gastric disease, and its cell-wall lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is recognized as a potent endotoxin responsible for triggering a pattern of the mucosal inflammatory responses. The engagement by the LPS of gastric mucosal Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) leads to initiation of signal transduction events characterized by the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, induction of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PLC)/protein kinase C (PKC)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, and up-regulation in Src/Akt. These signaling events in turn exert their influence over H. pylori-elicited excessive generation of NO and PGE2 caused by the disturbances in nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase isozyme systems, increase in epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation, and the induction in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) release. Interestingly, the extent of gastric mucosal inflammatory response to H. pylori is influenced by a peptide hormone, ghrelin, the action of which relays on the growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1a (GHS-R1a)-mediated mobilization of G-protein dependent transduction pathways. Yet, the signals triggered by TLR-4 activation as well as those arising through GHS-R1a stimulation converge at MAPK and PLC/PKC/PI3K pathways that form a key integration node for proinflammatory signals generated by H. pylori LPS as well as for those involved in modulation of inflammation by ghrelin. Hence, therapeutic targeting these signals' convergence and integration node could provide a novel and attractive opportunities for developing more effective treatments of H. pylori-related gastric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Slomiany
- Research Center, C855, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 110 Bergen Street, PO Box 1709, Newark, NJ, 07103-2400, USA
| | - A Slomiany
- Research Center, C855, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 110 Bergen Street, PO Box 1709, Newark, NJ, 07103-2400, USA.
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Proteolysis in Helicobacter pylori-Induced Gastric Cancer. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9040134. [PMID: 28398251 PMCID: PMC5408208 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9040134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent infections with the human pathogen and class-I carcinogen Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are closely associated with the development of acute and chronic gastritis, ulceration, gastric adenocarcinoma and lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) system. Disruption and depolarization of the epithelium is a hallmark of H. pylori-associated disorders and requires extensive modulation of epithelial cell surface structures. Hence, the complex network of controlled proteolysis which facilitates tissue homeostasis in healthy individuals is deregulated and crucially contributes to the induction and progression of gastric cancer through processing of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, cell surface receptors, membrane-bound cytokines, and lateral adhesion molecules. Here, we summarize the recent reports on mechanisms how H. pylori utilizes a variety of extracellular proteases, involving the proteases Hp0169 and high temperature requirement A (HtrA) of bacterial origin, and host matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs), a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). H. pylori-regulated proteases represent predictive biomarkers and attractive targets for therapeutic interventions in gastric cancer.
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Slomiany BL, Slomiany A. Helicobacter pylori-induced changes in microtubule dynamics conferred by α-tubulin phosphorylation on Ser/Tyr mediate gastric mucosal secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and its modulation by ghrelin. Inflammopharmacology 2016; 24:197-205. [PMID: 27613723 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-016-0278-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) secretion in response to proinflammatory challenge remains under a strict control of factors that affect the stability dynamics of the major cytoskeleton polymeric structures, microtubules (MTs). In this study, we report that H. pylori LPS-elicited induction gastric mucosal MMP-9 secretion is accompanied by the enhancement in MT stabilization as evidenced by the increase in α-tubulin acetylation and detyrosination while the modulatory influence of hormone, ghrelin, is associated with MT destabilization and reflected in a decrease in α-tubulin acetylation and detyrosination. Further, we reveal that the LPS-induced enhancement in MT stabilization and up-regulation in MMP-9 secretion as well as the modulatory influence of ghrelin occur with the involvement of PKCδ and SFK. The LPS effect is reflected in a marked increase in PKCδ-mediated α-tubulin phosphorylation on Ser, while the modulatory effect of ghrelin on MT dynamics and MMP-9 secretion is manifested by the SFK-dependent phosphorylation of α-tubulin on Tyr. Moreover, the changes in α-tubulin phosphorylation and MT stabilization dynamics occur in concert with the Golgi recruitment and activation of PKD2 and Arf-GEF. The findings demonstrate that the enhancement in gastric mucosal MMP-9 secretion in response to H. pylori and its modulation by ghrelin are the result of changes in MT dynamics conferred by PKCδ/SFK- mediated α-tubulin Ser/Tyr phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Slomiany
- Research Center, C875 Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 110 Bergen Street, PO Box 1709, Newark, NJ, 07103-2400, USA.
| | - A Slomiany
- Research Center, C875 Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 110 Bergen Street, PO Box 1709, Newark, NJ, 07103-2400, USA
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Role of protein kinase D2 phosphorylation on Tyr in modulation by ghrelin of Helicobacter pylori-induced up-regulation in gastric mucosal matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) secretion. Inflammopharmacology 2016; 24:119-26. [PMID: 27209313 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-016-0267-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinas-9 (MMP-9) is a glycosylated endopeptidase associated with host reaction to microbial endotoxins and also characterizes gastric mucosal inflammatory response to H. pylori infection. Here, we report on the factors involved in gastric mucosal MMP-9 secretion in response to H. pylori LPS, and the effect of hormone, ghrelin. We show that both the LPS-elicited induction in MMP-9 secretion and also the modulatory influence of ghrelin occur at the level of MMP-9 processing between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi. Further, we demonstrate that the LPS effect is associated with up-regulation in the activation of Arf1, a small GTPase of the ADP-ribosylation factor family, and the recruitment and phosphorylation of protein kinase D2 (PKD2), involved in the secretory cargo processing in the Golgi. Moreover, we reveal that the LPS-induced up-regulation in MMP-9 secretion is reflected in a marked increase in PKCδ-mediated PKD2 phosphorylation on Ser, while the modulatory effect of ghrelin is manifested by the SFK-PTKs-dependent phosphorylation of PKD2 on Tyr. Thus, our findings demonstrate the role of Arf1/PKD2 in mediation of H. pylori LPS-induced up-regulation in gastric mucosal MMP-9 secretion and suggest the modulatory mechanism of ghrelin action.
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15
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Helicobacter pylori-elicited induction in gastric mucosal matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) release involves ERK-dependent cPLA2 activation and its recruitment to the membrane-localized Rac1/p38 complex. Inflammopharmacology 2016; 24:87-95. [PMID: 26886372 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-016-0261-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of endopeptidases implicated in a wide rage of degenerative and inflammatory diseases, including Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis, and gastric and duodenal ulcer. As gastric mucosal inflammatory responses to H. pylori are characterized by the rise in MMP-9 production, as well as the induction in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Rac1 activation, we investigated the role of Rac1/MAPK in the processes associated with the release of MMP-9. We show that H. pylori LPS-elicited induction in gastric mucosal MMP-9 release is associated with MAPK, ERK and p38 activation, and occurs with the involvement of Rac1 and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2). Further, we demonstrate that the LPS-induced MMP-9 release requires ERK-mediated phosphorylation of cPLA2 on Ser(505) that is essential for its membrane localization with Rac1, and that this process necessitates p38 participation. Moreover, we reveal that the activation and membrane translocation of p38 to the Rac1-GTP complex plays a pivotal role in cPLA2-dependent enhancement in MMP-9 release. Hence, our findings provide a strong evidence for the role of ERK/cPLA2 and Rac1/p38/cPLA2 cascade in H. pylori LPS-induced up-regulation in gastric mucosal MMP-9 release.
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Ren J, Huang HJ, Gong Y, Yue S, Tang LM, Cheng SY. MicroRNA-206 suppresses gastric cancer cell growth and metastasis. Cell Biosci 2014; 4:26. [PMID: 24855559 PMCID: PMC4030529 DOI: 10.1186/2045-3701-4-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death world-wide and carries a high rate of metastatic risk. In addition to other protein-coding oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, microRNAs play an important role in gastric cancer tumorigenic progression. Here, we show that miR-206 is expressed at markedly low levels in a cohort of gastric tumors compared to their matching normal tissues, and in a number of gastric cancer cell lines. Down-regulation of miR-206 was particularly significant in tumors with lymphatic metastasis, local invasion, and advanced TNM staging. We find that forced expression of miR-206 suppressed the proliferation, colony-formation, and xenograft tumorigenesis of SCG-7901 cells, a line of gastric cancer cells. Forced expression of miR-206 also suppressed SCG-7901 cell migration and invasion, as well as metastasis in cell culture or tail-vein injected mouse models, respectively. The anti-metastatic effect of miR-206 is likely mediated by targeting metastasis regulatory genes STC2, HDAC4, KLF4, IGF1R, FRS2, SFRP1, BCL2, BDNF, and K-ras, which were drastically down-regulated by stable expression of exogenous miR-206 in SCG-7901 cells. Taken together, our results indicate that miR-206 is a tumor suppressor of gastric cancer acting at steps that regulate metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University affiliated Changzhou No. 2 Hospital, 213000 Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR. China.,Department of Developmental Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR. China
| | - Hui-Jie Huang
- Department of Developmental Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR. China
| | - Yu Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University affiliated Changzhou No. 2 Hospital, 213000 Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR. China
| | - Shen Yue
- Department of Developmental Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR. China
| | - Li-Ming Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University affiliated Changzhou No. 2 Hospital, 213000 Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR. China
| | - Steven Y Cheng
- Department of Developmental Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR. China
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Chung HW, Lim JB. Role of the tumor microenvironment in the pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:1667-1680. [PMID: 24587646 PMCID: PMC3930967 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i7.1667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric carcinoma (GC) is the 4th most prevalent cancer and has the 2nd highest cancer-related mortality rate worldwide. Despite the incidence of GC has decreased over the past few decades, it is still a serious health problem. Chronic inflammatory status of the stomach, caused by the infection of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and through the production of inflammatory mediators within the parenchyma is suspected to play an important role in the initiation and progression of GC. In this review, the correlation between chronic inflammation and H. pylori infection as an important factor for the development of GC will be discussed. Major components, including tumor-associated macrophages, lymphocytes, cancer-associated fibroblasts, angiogenic factors, cytokines, and chemokines of GC microenvironment and their mechanism of action on signaling pathways will also be discussed. Increasing our understanding of how the components of the tumor microenviroment interact with GC cells and the signaling pathways involved could help identify new therapeutic and chemopreventive targets.
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Helicobacter pylori and gastritis: the role of extracellular matrix metalloproteases, their inhibitors, and the disintegrins and metalloproteases--a systematic literature review. Dig Dis Sci 2013; 58:2777-83. [PMID: 23817928 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-013-2767-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the etiologic agent of gastritis; it has been estimated that 50 % of the world's population could be infected by this bacteria. Gastritis may progress to chronic atrophic gastritis, a condition associated with the development of gastric cancer (GC). Several matrix metalloproteases (MMP) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMP) as well as disintegrins and metalloproteases (ADAM) have been reported as being involved in gastritis. Among other processes, these protein families participate in remodeling the extracellular matrix, cell signaling, immune response, angiogenesis, inflammation and epithelial mesenchymal transition. This systematic review analyzes the scientific evidence surrounding the relationship between members of the MMP, TIMP and ADAM families and infection by H. pylori in gastritis, considering both in vitro and in vivo studies. Given the potential clinical value of certain members of the MMP, TIMP and ADAM families as molecular markers in gastritis and the association of gastritis with GC, the need for further study is highlighted.
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Li SL, Zhao JR, Ren XY, Xie JP, Ma QZ, Rong QH. Increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 associated with gastric ulcer recurrence. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:4590-4595. [PMID: 23901237 PMCID: PMC3725386 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i28.4590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To compare matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 in gastric ulcer (GU) and chronic superficial gastritis (CSG).
METHODS: This study enrolled 63 patients with GU and 25 patients with CSG. During upper gastroduodenal endoscopy, we took samples of gastric mucosa from the antrum and ulcer site from patients with GU, and samples of antral mucosa from patients with CSG. Mucosal biopsy tissues were cultured for 24 h, and the culture supernatant was measured for levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1. After receiving eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and 8 wk proton-pump inhibitor therapy for GU, follow-up endoscopy examination was performed after 6 mo and whenever severe symptoms occurred.
RESULTS: Levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 at the ulcer site or in the antrum were significantly higher in GU than CSG patients. MMP-9 levels at the ulcer site were significantly higher than in the antrum in GU patients, and had a significantly positive correlation with TIMP-1. MMP-9 levels were significantly higher in H. pylori-positive than H. pylori-negative GU and CSG patients. Levels of MMP-9 or TIMP-1 at the ulcer site were associated with the histological severity of activity and inflammation. About 57 GU patients were followed up, and seven had GU recurrence. H. pyloriinfection and MMP-9 levels were risk factors for the recurrence of GU adjusted for age and sex by multiple logistic regression analysis.
CONCLUSION: MMP-9 may perform an important function in gastric ulcer formation and recurrence.
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Cheng HC, Yang HB, Chang WL, Chen WY, Yeh YC, Sheu BS. Expressions of MMPs and TIMP-1 in gastric ulcers may differentiate H. pylori-infected from NSAID-related ulcers. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:539316. [PMID: 22645431 PMCID: PMC3353510 DOI: 10.1100/2012/539316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Two major causes of gastric ulcers are Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use. Aims. This study aimed to determine if there were different expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) between H. pylori-infected and NSAID-related ulcers. Methods. The 126 gastric ulcer patients (H. pylori infected n = 46; NSAID related n = 30; combined with two factors n = 50) provided ulcer and nonulcer tissues for assessment of MMP-3, -7, and -9 and TIMP-1 expression by immunohistochemical staining. Results. Gastric ulcer tissues had significantly higher MMP-3, -7, and -9 and TIMP-1 expressions than nonulcer tissues (P < 0.05). H. pylori-infected gastric ulcers had even higher MMP-7, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 expressions in epithelial cells than NSAID-related gastric ulcers (P < 0.05). In patients with the two combined factors, gastric ulcers expressed similar proportions of antral ulcers and MMP-7 and MMP-9 intensities to NSAID-related gastric ulcers, but lower MMP-9 and TIMP-1 than H. pylori-infected gastric ulcers (P < 0.05). Conclusions. H. pylori-infected gastric ulcers express higher MMP-7, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 than NSAID-related ulcers. In patients with the two combined factors, ulcer location and MMP-7 and MMP-9 intensities are similar to NSAID use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Chi Cheng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng Li Road, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
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Bulgari M, Sangiovanni E, Colombo E, Maschi O, Caruso D, Bosisio E, Dell'Agli M. Inhibition of neutrophil elastase and metalloprotease-9 of human adenocarcinoma gastric cells by chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) infusion. Phytother Res 2012; 26:1817-22. [PMID: 22407864 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether the antiinflammatory effect of chamomile infusion at gastric level could be ascribed to the inhibition of metalloproteinase-9 and elastase. The infusions from capitula and sifted flowers (250-1500 µg/mL) and individual flavonoids (10 µM) were tested on phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated AGS cells and human neutrophil elastase. The results indicate that the antiinflammatory activity associated with chamomile infusions from both the capitula and sifted flowers is most likely due to the inhibition of neutrophil elastase and gastric metalloproteinase-9 activity and secretion; the inhibition occurring in a concentration dependent manner. The promoter activity was inhibited as well and the decrease of metalloproteinase-9 expression was found to be associated with the inhibition of NF-kB driven transcription. The results further indicate that the flavonoid-7-glycosides, major constituents of chamomile flowers, may be responsible for the antiinflammatory action of the chamomile infusion observed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Bulgari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Sampieri CL, de la Peña S, Ochoa-Lara M, Zenteno-Cuevas R, León-Córdoba K. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in human gastric cancer and superficial gastritis. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16:1500-5. [PMID: 20333791 PMCID: PMC2846256 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i12.1500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To assess expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP2) and MMP9 in gastric cancer, superficial gastritis and normal mucosa, and to measure metalloproteinase activity.
METHODS: MMP2 and MMP9 mRNA expression was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Normalization was carried out using three different factors. Proteins were analyzed by quantitative gelatin zymography (qGZ).
RESULTS: 18S ribosomal RNA (18SRNA) was very highly expressed, while hypoxanthine ribosyltransferase-1 (HPRT-1) was moderately expressed. MMP2 was highly expressed, while MMP9 was not detected or lowly expressed in normal tissues, moderately or highly expressed in gastritis and highly expressed in cancer. Relative expression of 18SRNA and HPRT-1 showed no significant differences. Significant differences in MMP2 and MMP9 were found between cancer and normal tissue, but not between gastritis and normal tissue. Absolute quantification of MMP9 echoed this pattern, but differential expression of MMP2 proved conflictive. Analysis by qGZ indicated significant differences between cancer and normal tissue in MMP-2, total MMP-9, 250 and 110 kDa bands.
CONCLUSION: MMP9 expression is enhanced in gastric cancer compared to normal mucosa; interpretation of differential expression of MMP2 is difficult to establish.
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You YH, Song YY, Meng FL, He LH, Zhang MJ, Yan XM, Zhang JZ. Time-series gene expression profiles in AGS cells stimulated with Helicobacter pylori. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16:1385-96. [PMID: 20238406 PMCID: PMC2842531 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i11.1385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To extend the knowledge of the dynamic interaction between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and host mucosa.
METHODS: A time-series cDNA microarray was performed in order to detect the temporal gene expression profiles of human gastric epithelial adenocarcinoma cells infected with H. pylori. Six time points were selected to observe the changes in the model. A differential expression profile at each time point was obtained by comparing the microarray signal value with that of 0 h. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was subsequently performed to evaluate the data quality.
RESULTS: We found a diversity of gene expression patterns at different time points and identified a group of genes whose expression levels were significantly correlated with several important immune response and tumor related pathways.
CONCLUSION: Early infection may trigger some important pathways and may impact the outcome of the infection.
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Abstract
Biomarkers are objectively measured indicators of normal and abnormal biologic processes and may vary with therapeutic interventions. In the area of gastrointestinal diseases, biomarker research is primarily in the area of cancer biology. Little is known about biomarkers in connection with other gastrointestinal disorders. This article reviews biomarker data for nononcologic gastrointestinal processes with a focus on allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Katial
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, J329, Denver, CO 80206, USA.
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Kabir S. Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on incidence of gastric cancer in human and animal models: underlying biochemical and molecular events. Helicobacter 2009; 14:159-71. [PMID: 19702845 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2009.00677.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer remains one of the most common cancers worldwide. A strong association exists between Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk of developing noncardia gastric cancer. H. pylori eradication by antibiotic treatment is regarded as a primary chemoprevention strategy to reduce gastric cancer incidence. AIM To analyze the efficacy of H. pylori eradication in preventing gastric cancer in human and animal models, and to discuss whether biochemical, genetic, and epigenetic changes associated with H. pylori infection are reversible after curing the infection. RESULTS Several intervention trials have indicated that in some patients, H. pylori eradication leads to regression and prevents the progression of precancerous lesions. The eradication therapy reduces gastric cancer incidence in patients without any precancerous lesions at the baseline and is most effective before the development of atrophic gastritis. A few recent intervention studies in Japan have demonstrated significant prophylactic effects of eradication therapy on the development of gastric cancer, suggesting the use of eradication therapy in high-risk populations as a gastric cancer reduction strategy. However, gastric cancer may still develop despite successful eradication therapy. Studies in animal models have confirmed the use of eradication therapy at an early point of infection to prevent gastric cancer development. CONCLUSION H. pylori eradication may not completely abolish the risk of gastric cancer. However, eradication therapy may be used in high-risk populations to reduce gastric cancer incidence. It can reverse many biochemical, genetic, and epigenetic changes that H. pylori infection induces in the stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahjahan Kabir
- Academic Research and Information Management, Uppsala, Sweden.
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