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Cairo F, Burkhardt R. Minimal invasiveness in gingival augmentation and root coverage procedures. Periodontol 2000 2023; 91:45-64. [PMID: 36694255 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Minimally invasive surgical procedures aim at optimal wound healing, a reduction of postoperative morbidity and, thus, at increased patient satisfaction. The present article reviews the concept of minimal invasiveness in gingival augmentation and root coverage procedures, and critically discusses the influencing factors, technical and nontechnical ones, and relates them to the underlying biological mechanisms. Furthermore, the corresponding outcomes of the respective procedures are assessed and evaluated in relation to a possible impact of a minimized surgical invasiveness on the clinical, aesthetic, and patient-related results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cairo
- Head Research Unit in Periodontology and Periodontal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Rino Burkhardt
- Private Practice, Zurich, Switzerland.,Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR.,Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Design of a migration assay for human gingival fibroblasts on biodegradable magnesium surfaces. Acta Biomater 2018; 79:158-167. [PMID: 30172066 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel regenerative approach to Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) in dental surgery is based on the development of biodegradable and volume stable barrier membranes made of metallic magnesium. Currently used volume stable barrier membranes are made of titanium-reinforced PTFE or titanium-reinforced collagen membranes, both, however, are accompanied by a high incidence of wound dehiscence resulting in membrane exposure, which leads to an increased infection risk. An exposed membrane could also occur directly after insertion due to insufficient soft tissue coverage of the membrane. In both cases, fast wound margin regeneration is required. As a first step of soft-tissue regeneration, gingival fibroblasts need to migrate over the barrier membrane and close the dehiscent wound. Based on this aim, this study investigated the migration behaviour of human gingival fibroblasts on a magnesium surface. Major experimental challenges such as formation of hydrogen bubbles due to initial magnesium corrosion and non-transparent material surfaces have been addressed to allow cell adhesion and to follow cell migration. The designed scratch-based cell migration assay involved vital fluorescent cell staining on a pre-corroded magnesium membrane to simulate invivo wound dehiscence. The assay has been used to compare cell migration on pre-corroded magnesium to titanium surfaces and tissue culture plastic as control substrates. First results of this assay showed that human gingival fibroblasts migrate slower on pre-corroded magnesium compared to plastic and titanium. However, the scratch was finally closed on all materials. Compared to titanium surfaces and tissue culture plastic, the surface roughness and the surface free energy (SFE) could not explain slower cell migration on magnesium surfaces. Immunohistological investigations of cellular structure revealed, that magnesium ions increased focal adhesion at concentration of additionally 75 mM MgCl2 in cell culture medium. The use of our designed cell migration assay has shown that ionic medium alterations due to magnesium corrosion has a higher impact on the cell migration rate than surface alterations. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The design of a migration assay on non-transparent magnesium surfaces will add the option to study cell response to surface modifications, coatings and the corrosion process itself under life view conditions.
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Humic Acid Enhances Wound Healing in the Rat Palate. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:1783513. [PMID: 30154905 PMCID: PMC6092992 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1783513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Humic acid was previously shown to enhance cutaneous wound healing and show antibacterial properties; however, it has not been used for wound healing in the oral cavity. Thus, the goal of this study was the evaluation of the effect of the humic acid on the healing of excisional wounds in an experimental rat study. Materials and Methods A circular wound on mid-palatal surfaces was made on a total of 77 Wistar rats by using a 3-mm biopsy punch under anesthesia. The animals were divided into 4 groups as baseline, saline control (0.09%), chlorhexidine gluconate (0.05%), and humic acid (80 mg/kg) and were treated with these materials for 7 days. Results The rats were observed for 3 weeks in order to track the wound closure rates. Both humic acid treatment and chlorhexidine gluconate treatment resulted in statistically significant enhanced rate of wound closure compared to the saline control on both the 1st and 2nd weeks of treatment. Humic acid treatment for the wounds in the palate resulted in enhanced recovery compared to not only saline control but also chlorhexidine gluconate treatment. Conclusion In this study, humic acid was shown to enhance healing of oral wounds for the first time in the literature. These findings indicate that humic acid can be used as an alternative to current treatment methods for oral wounds.
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Pansani TN, Basso FG, Turrioni APS, Soares DG, Hebling J, de Souza Costa CA. Effects of low-level laser therapy and epidermal growth factor on the activities of gingival fibroblasts obtained from young or elderly individuals. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 32:45-52. [PMID: 27677475 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-2081-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on fibroblasts obtained from young and elderly individuals. Gingival fibroblasts from young (Y) and elderly (E) individuals were seeded in wells of 24-well plates with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing 10 % of fetal bovine serum (FBS). After 24 h, the cells were irradiated (LASERTable-InGaAsP-780 ± 3 nm, 25 mW, 3 J/cm2) or exposed to EGF (100 μM). After 72 h, cells were evaluated for viability, migration, collagen and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) synthesis, and gene expression of growth factors. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α = 5 %). Y and E fibroblasts irradiated with laser or exposed to EGF showed increased viability and collagen synthesis. Enhanced cell migration was observed for Y fibroblasts after both treatments, whereas only the LLLT stimulated migration of E cells. VEGF synthesis was higher for Y and E cells exposed to EGF, while this synthesis was reduced when E fibroblasts were irradiated. Increased gene expression of VEGF was observed only for Y and E fibroblasts treated with LLLT. Regardless of a patient's age, the LLLT and EGF applications can biostimulate gingival fibroblast functions involved in tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisa Nogueira Pansani
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara School of Dentistry, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Gonçalves Basso
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Silveira Turrioni
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University Federal Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Diana Gabriela Soares
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara School of Dentistry, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Josimeri Hebling
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara School of Dentistry, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Humaita, 1680. Centro, 14801903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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Ott LE, Sung EJ, Melvin AT, Sheats MK, Haugh JM, Adler KB, Jones SL. Fibroblast Migration Is Regulated by Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C-Kinase Substrate (MARCKS) Protein. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66512. [PMID: 23840497 PMCID: PMC3686679 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) is a ubiquitously expressed substrate of protein kinase C (PKC) that is involved in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. We hypothesized that MARCKS is involved in regulation of fibroblast migration and addressed this hypothesis by utilizing a unique reagent developed in this laboratory, the MANS peptide. The MANS peptide is a myristoylated cell permeable peptide corresponding to the first 24-amino acids of MARCKS that inhibits MARCKS function. Treatment of NIH-3T3 fibroblasts with the MANS peptide attenuated cell migration in scratch wounding assays, while a myristoylated, missense control peptide (RNS) had no effect. Neither MANS nor RNS peptide treatment altered NIH-3T3 cell proliferation within the parameters of the scratch assay. MANS peptide treatment also resulted in inhibited NIH-3T3 chemotaxis towards the chemoattractant platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), with no effect observed with RNS treatment. Live cell imaging of PDGF-BB induced chemotaxis demonstrated that MANS peptide treatment resulted in weak chemotactic fidelity compared to RNS treated cells. MANS and RNS peptides did not affect PDGF-BB induced phosphorylation of MARCKS or phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling, as measured by Akt phosphorylation. Further, no difference in cell migration was observed in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts that were transfected with MARCKS siRNAs with or without MANS peptide treatment. Genetic structure-function analysis revealed that MANS peptide-mediated attenuation of NIH-3T3 cell migration does not require the presence of the myristic acid moiety on the amino-terminus. Expression of either MANS or unmyristoylated MANS (UMANS) C-terminal EGFP fusion proteins resulted in similar levels of attenuated cell migration as observed with MANS peptide treatment. These data demonstrate that MARCKS regulates cell migration and suggests that MARCKS-mediated regulation of fibroblast migration involves the MARCKS amino-terminus. Further, this data demonstrates that MANS peptide treatment inhibits MARCKS function during fibroblast migration and that MANS mediated inhibition occurs independent of myristoylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Ott
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Eui Jae Sung
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Adam T. Melvin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Mary K. Sheats
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jason M. Haugh
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kenneth B. Adler
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Samuel L. Jones
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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de Aquino SN, Messetti AC, Bagordakis E, Martelli-Júnior H, Swerts MSO, Graner E, Coletta RD. Polymorphisms in FGF12, VCL, CX43 and VAX1 in Brazilian patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2013; 14:53. [PMID: 23679094 PMCID: PMC3660181 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-14-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is the most common orofacial birth defect with a wide range prevalence among different populations. Previous association studies with populations from Europe and Asia have identified putative susceptibility markers for NSCL/P in fibroblast growth factor 12 (FGF12), vinculin (VCL), connexin 43 (CX43) and in a region close to the ventral anterior homeobox 1 (VAX1) gene. However, there have thus far been no studies of these markers in NSCL/P Brazilian patients, and as the genetic ancestry of the Brazilian population is highly varied, the predisposition to those disease markers can be different. METHODS Herein we conducted a structured association study conditioned on the individual ancestry proportions to determine the role of 16 polymorphic markers within those genes in 300 patients with NSCL/P and 385 unaffected controls. RESULTS None of the alleles and genotypes showed association with NSCL/P, though there was a significant association of the haplotype formed by VAX1 rs10787760, rs6585429 and rs1871345 polymorphisms with NSCL/P that did not persist Bonferroni correction for multiple tests. CONCLUSIONS Our results are consistent with a lack of involvement of FGF12, VCL and CX43 variants with NSCL/P pathogenesis in Brazilian patients. Furthermore, the higher frequency of a haplotype of VAX1 with NSCL/P patients suggests a low penetrant gene for oral cleft, and warrants further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibele Nascimento de Aquino
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Camila Messetti
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elizabete Bagordakis
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hercílio Martelli-Júnior
- Stomatology Clinic, Dental School, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Center for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, Dental School, University of José Rosário Vellano, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mario Sergio Oliveira Swerts
- Center for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, Dental School, University of José Rosário Vellano, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Edgard Graner
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo D Coletta
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Häkkinen L, Larjava H, Koivisto L. Granulation tissue formation and remodeling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/etp.12008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Jin C, Ren LF, Ding HZ, Shi GS, Lin HS, Zhang F. Enhanced attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of human gingival fibroblasts on titanium surface modified with biomolecules. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2012; 100:2167-77. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Rojo LE, Villano CM, Joseph G, Schmidt B, Shulaev V, Shuman JL, Lila MA, Raskin I. Wound-healing properties of nut oil from Pouteria lucuma. J Cosmet Dermatol 2011; 9:185-95. [PMID: 20883291 DOI: 10.1111/j.1473-2165.2010.00509.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell migration, angiogenesis, inflammation, and extracellular matrix remodeling are key events in wound healing. Natural products, including fatty acids (FAs), can accelerate wound healing by modulating the aforementioned events. AIMS
This study aims to evaluate the effect of lucuma (Pouteria lucuma O Kezte) nut oil (LNO) on fibroblasts migration, angiogenesis, inflammation, bacterial and fungal growth, and wound healing. Methods GC-MS analysis of FAs methyl esters (FAMES) was used for chemical characterization of LNO. In vitro studies were carried out with LNO investigating the induction of cell migration, cytoskeleton remodeling of human fibroblasts, inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in macrophages, and antibacterial and antifungal effects. Two in vivo studies were carried out to study LNO's effect on angiogenesis and wound healing: (i) tail fin regeneration in transgenic zebrafish larvae expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in vascular endothelial cells was used to study vessel sprouting and wound healing and (ii) the closure of wounds was evaluated in CD-1 mice after topical applications of LNO-containing formulations. RESULTS Lucuma nut oil is a mixture of FAs, 99.7% of which were characterized. Major components of LNO (w/w) are linoleic acid (38.9%), oleic acid (27.9%), palmitic acid (18.6%), stearic acid (8.9%), and γ linolenic acid (2.9%). In vitro studies showed that LNO significantly promoted migration and vinculin expression in human fibroblasts. LNO decreased LPS-induced nitric oxide production and did not display significant antibacterial or antifungal effects. LNO induced tail fin regeneration in transgenic zebrafish larvae 48 h after tail fin amputation and significantly accelerated cutaneous wound closure in CD-1 mice. CONCLUSIONS Natural FAs from P. lucuma nut promote skin regeneration and, thus, may have applications in medicine and skin care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel E Rojo
- Rutgers University, Biotech Center, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Lai A, Ghaffari A, Ghahary A. Inhibitory effect of anti-aminopeptidase N/CD13 antibodies on fibroblast migration. Mol Cell Biochem 2010; 343:191-9. [PMID: 20589526 PMCID: PMC7088764 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-010-0513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2010] [Accepted: 05/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Aminopeptidase N (APN)/CD13 is a widely expressed transmembrane ectoenzyme and has been implicated in a myriad of physiological processes that are specific to cell type and tissue origin, including cancer cell metastasis, angiogenesis, cholesterol uptake, apoptosis, and cell migration. Skin cells, in particular fibroblasts have a relatively high level of APN/CD13 expression. The migratory capacity of skin cells is critical for the outcome of wound repair, as successful wound healing requires timely re-epithelialization which involves reformation of epithelium over wound surface by migrating keratinocytes. While failure of keratinocytes to undergo proper migration leads to chronic non-healing wounds, the presence of excess fibroblasts may contribute to formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of APN/CD13 in skin cell migration and explore its potential as a therapeutic target in wound healing. Our results show an elevated expression of APN/CD13 in fibroblasts on the edge of the wound compared to unwounded cells. The presence of anti-APN/CD13 antibodies WM15, 3D8, and H300 reduces the migratory activity of human dermal fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner by 42, 21, and 28%, respectively. However, the antibodies have no effect on keratinocyte migration. Further, none of the anti-APN/CD13 antibodies used in this study has any antiproliferative and cytotoxic effect on primary human keratinocytes or fibroblasts when used at 10 μg/ml in vitro. The differential inhibition on the migratory capacity of fibroblasts and keratinocytes presents an opportunity for anti-APN/CD13 antibodies to be used as a therapeutic agent for high fibroblast cellularity seen in fibroproliferative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Lai
- BC Professional Fire Fighters’ Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Jack Bell Research Center, University of British Columbia, 350-2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6 Canada
| | - Abdi Ghaffari
- BC Professional Fire Fighters’ Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Jack Bell Research Center, University of British Columbia, 350-2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6 Canada
| | - Aziz Ghahary
- BC Professional Fire Fighters’ Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Jack Bell Research Center, University of British Columbia, 350-2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6 Canada
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