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Foli LP, Hespanhol MC, Cruz KAML, Pasquini C. Miniaturized Near-Infrared spectrophotometers in forensic analytical science - a critical review. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 315:124297. [PMID: 38640625 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The advent of miniaturized NIR instruments, also known as compact, portable, or handheld, is revolutionizing how technology can be employed in forensics. In-field analysis becomes feasible and affordable with these new instruments, and a series of methods has been developed to provide the police and official agents with objective, easy-to-use, tailored, and accurate qualitative and quantitative forensic results. This work discusses the main aspects and presents a comprehensive and critical review of compact NIR spectrophotometers associated with analytical protocols to produce information on forensic matters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia P Foli
- Grupo de Análise e Educação para a Sustentabilidade, Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Maria C Hespanhol
- Grupo de Análise e Educação para a Sustentabilidade, Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Kaíque A M L Cruz
- Grupo de Análise e Educação para a Sustentabilidade, Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Celio Pasquini
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 290, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil.
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Deconinck E, Lievens S, Canfyn M, Van Campenhout P, Debehault L, Gremaux L, Balcaen M. Full Characterisation of Heroin Samples Using Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Calibration. Molecules 2024; 29:1116. [PMID: 38474628 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The analysis of heroin samples, before use in the protected environment of user centra, could be a supplementary service in the context of harm reduction. Infrared spectroscopy hyphenated with multivariate calibration could be a valuable asset in this context, and therefore 125 heroin samples were collected directly from users and analysed with classical chromatographic techniques. Further, Mid-Infrared spectra were collected for all samples, to be used in Partial Least Squares (PLS) modelling, in order to obtain qualitative and quantitative models based on real live samples. The approach showed that it was possible to identify and quantify heroin in the samples based on the collected spectral data and PLS modelling. These models were able to identify heroin correctly for 96% of the samples of the external test set with precision, specificity and sensitivity values of 100.0, 75.0 and 95.5%, respectively. For regression, a root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.04 was obtained, pointing at good predictive properties. Furthermore, during mass spectrometric screening, 10 different adulterants and impurities were encountered. Using the spectral data to model the presence of each of these resulted in performant models for seven of them. All models showed promising correct-classification rates (between 92 and 96%) and good values for sensitivity, specificity and precision. For codeine and morphine, the models were not satisfactory, probably due to the low concentration of these impurities as a consequence of acetylation. For methacetin, the approach failed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Deconinck
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sybrien Lievens
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- VUB, Faculty of Sciences and Bio-Engineering, Department Chemistry, Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael Canfyn
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter Van Campenhout
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Loic Debehault
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lies Gremaux
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Epidemiology and Public Health, Service Lifestyle and Chronic Diseases, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Margot Balcaen
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Epidemiology and Public Health, Service Lifestyle and Chronic Diseases, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Nogueira RG, Alves VD, Matias EVS, Veras G. Applications of NIR spectroscopy and chemometrics to illicit drug analysis: An example from inhalant drug screening tests. Forensic Sci Int 2021; 328:111043. [PMID: 34628103 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.111043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The "loló" stands out among the most used inhalant drugs in Brazil. This drug is a non-specific blend of organic solvents, traditionally composed of ether and chloroform. Reports in the literature and forensic practice have revealed changes in the composition profile of this drug, based on availability of acquisition. This diversity has an effect on the efficiency of the preliminary tests used to detect illicit substances in situations that require rapid response time from the criminal investigations, such as arrests in the act. Considering the diversity of volatile substances with potential use as inhalant drugs and the limited detection abilities of preliminary exams routinely used by forensic laboratories, this present work applied NIR spectroscopy associated with chemometric models to detect the presence of organic solvents in samples of "loló". Initially, the chemical profile of the seized samples was surveyed in the geographic region of study (Paraiba State, Brazilian northeast), and from the observation of the prevalent substances, classification models were produced using samples made in the laboratory and samples from real apprehensions. Then, an analysis protocol was developed, based on SIMCA models, to detect the predominant solvents in the regional composition profile (dichloromethane, trichloroethene and chloroform). The proposed analysis protocol obtained an overall accuracy of 94.7% in detecting halogenated hydrocarbons in suspect samples and 100% accuracy in characterizing the composition of samples composed exclusively of the studied halogenated hydrocarbons and their binary mixtures. Considering that the colorimetric tests used in the routine of forensic laboratories do not detect many components, the proposed method was technically and economically viable in preliminary tests for samples seized as suspicious of being "loló".
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Affiliation(s)
- Rômulo Guimarães Nogueira
- Laboratório de Química Analítica e Quimiometria, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Avenida Baraúnas, 351, 58429-500 Campina Grande, Brazil; Instituto de Polícia Científica da Paraíba, Núcleo de Laboratório Forense, Rua José Fraga dos Santos, s/n., 58200-000 Guarabira, Brazil
| | - Vitor Dantas Alves
- Laboratório de Química Analítica e Quimiometria, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Avenida Baraúnas, 351, 58429-500 Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Emilly Valeria Silva Matias
- Laboratório de Química Analítica e Quimiometria, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Avenida Baraúnas, 351, 58429-500 Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Germano Veras
- Laboratório de Química Analítica e Quimiometria, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Avenida Baraúnas, 351, 58429-500 Campina Grande, Brazil.
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Chen Y, Liu S, Yang Y, Qian Z, Wang B, An C, Liu C, Min S. On-site determination of heroin by portable near-infrared spectrometer. AUST J FORENSIC SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00450618.2019.1653370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuemeng Chen
- Drug Control Unit of Guiyang Public Security Bureau of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Drug Control Unit of Guiyang Public Security Bureau of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Drug Control Unit of Guiyang Public Security Bureau of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhenhua Qian
- Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China
| | - Binye Wang
- Drug Control Unit of Guiyang Public Security Bureau of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Chenyunyi An
- Drug Control Unit of Guiyang Public Security Bureau of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Cuimei Liu
- National Narcotics Laboratory, Drug Intelligence and Forensic Center of the Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China
| | - Shungeng Min
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Calvo NL, Maggio RM, Kaufman TS. Characterization of pharmaceutically relevant materials at the solid state employing chemometrics methods. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:538-564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhang W, Qu Z, Wang Y, Yao C, Bai X, Bian S, Zhao B. Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) for rapid determination of ginsenoside Rg1 and Re in Chinese patent medicine Naosaitong pill. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 139:184-8. [PMID: 25561297 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.11.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ginsenosides in plant samples have been extensively studied because protopanaxadiol saponins are ubiquitous in Chinese patent medicines, in which they can be used in promoting human health as the main active ingredients. A method for rapid determination of two ginsenosides (Rg1 and Re) in Naosaitong (NST) samples using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) is studied to determine the contents of ginsenoside Rg1 and Re in this work. Partial least square (PLS) regression was used for building the calibration models, and the effects of spectral preprocessing and variable selection on the models are investigated for optimization of the models. A total of 93 samples were scanned by NIRS, and also by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector to determine the contents of ginsenoside Rg1 and Re. The calibration models for Rg1 and Re had high values of the coefficient of determination (R(2)) (0.9766 and 0.9764) and low root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) (0.0136 and 0.0104), and the values of the standard error of prediction set (SEP) are 0.00764 and 0.0103, which indicate a good correlation between reference values and NIRS predicted values. The overall results show that NIRS could be applied for the rapid determination of the contents of ginsenosides in Ginseng byproducts for pharmaceuticals that develop high-quality Chinese patent medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, PR China
| | - Zhengyi Qu
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, PR China
| | - Yingping Wang
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, PR China.
| | - Chunlin Yao
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, PR China
| | - Xueyuan Bai
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, PR China.
| | - Shuai Bian
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, PR China
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
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Muro CK, Doty KC, Bueno J, Halámková L, Lednev IK. Vibrational Spectroscopy: Recent Developments to Revolutionize Forensic Science. Anal Chem 2014; 87:306-27. [DOI: 10.1021/ac504068a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire K. Muro
- Chemistry Department, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Kyle C. Doty
- Chemistry Department, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Justin Bueno
- Chemistry Department, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Lenka Halámková
- Chemistry Department, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Igor K. Lednev
- Chemistry Department, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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Zhang W, Bai XY, Wang YP, Qu ZY, Sun LX, Yao CL, Zhao B. Quantitative analysis of catalpol in chinese patent medicine Lixin pill by near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Chem Res Chin Univ 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-013-3231-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Li G, Wen ZQ. Screening soy hydrolysates for the production of a recombinant therapeutic protein in commercial cell line by combined approach of near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:2653-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4694-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Revised: 01/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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