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Stras A, Grassmann A, Van Campenhout P, Deconinck E, Vanhaecke T, Desmedt B. Analysis of preservatives and fragrances in topical medical devices: The need for more stringent regulation. Contact Dermatitis 2024; 90:594-606. [PMID: 38471795 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medical devices (MDs) have a long history of use, and come with regulatory frameworks to ensure user safety. Although topically applied MDs in the form of gels and creams might be used on damaged skin, their composition is often similar to that of cosmetic products applicable to intact skin, especially in terms of preservatives and fragrances. However, unlike cosmetics, these products are not subject to compound-specific restrictions when used in MDs. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify and quantify preservatives and fragrances in topically applied MDs and assess their safety towards the Cosmetic Regulation (EC) 1223/2009. METHOD Sixty-nine MDs available on the EU market were subjected to previously validated liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods to identify and quantify occurring preservatives and fragrances. RESULTS Findings revealed that 32% of the examined MDs did not provide comprehensive ingredient lists, leaving users uninformed about potential risks associated with product use. Furthermore, 30% of these MDs would not meet safety standards for cosmetic products and, most significantly, 13% of the analysed samples contained ingredients that are prohibited in leave-on cosmetics. CONCLUSION Results highlight the pressing demand for more stringent requirements regarding the labelling and composition of MDs to enhance patient safety. Improved regulation and transparency can mitigate potential risks associated with the use of topically applied MDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ania Stras
- Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, Elsene, Belgium
- Department In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | | | | | - Eric Deconinck
- Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, Elsene, Belgium
| | - Tamara Vanhaecke
- Department In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Bart Desmedt
- Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, Elsene, Belgium
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2
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Duchateau C, Stévigny C, De Braekeleer K, Deconinck E. Characterization of CBD oils, seized on the Belgian market, using infrared spectroscopy: Matrix identification and CBD determination, a proof of concept. Drug Test Anal 2024; 16:537-551. [PMID: 37793648 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The availability of cannabidiol (CBD) oil products has increased in recent years. No analytical controls are mandatory for these products leading to uncertainties about composition and quality. In this paper, a methodology was developed to identify the oil matrix and to estimate the CBD content in such samples, using mid-infrared and near-infrared spectroscopy. Different oils were selected based on the information labeled on products and were bought in food stores in order to create a sample set with a variety of matrices. These oils were spiked with CBD to obtain samples with CBD levels from 0% to 20%. The first part of the study was focused on the qualitative analysis of the oil matrix. A classification model, based on Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy, was build using the spiked oils to distinguish between the different oil matrices. For both spectroscopic techniques, the sensitivity, the specificity, the accuracy and the precision were equal to 100%. These models were applied to determine the oil matrix of seized samples. The second part of the study was focused on the quantitative estimation of CBD. After determination of CBD in seized samples using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, partial least square regression (PLS-R) models were built, one for each matrix in the sample set. Both techniques were able to classify unknown oily samples according to their matrix, and although only few samples were available to evaluate the PLS-R models, the approach clearly showed promising results for the estimation of the CBD content in oil samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Duchateau
- Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, RD3, Faculty of Pharmacy, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
- Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Stévigny
- Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, RD3, Faculty of Pharmacy, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kris De Braekeleer
- Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, RD3, Faculty of Pharmacy, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, RD3, Faculty of Pharmacy, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
- Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
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Drozd-Sokolowska J, Gras L, Koster L, Martino R, Salas MQ, Salmenniemi U, Zudaire T, Yañez L, Bellido M, Collin M, Kaufmann M, Kozlowski P, Poiré X, Ferra C, Sampol A, Wilson KMO, Cairoli A, Gedde-Dahl T, Deconinck E, Mirabile M, Suarez F, Raj K, Van Gelder M, Yakoub-Agha I, Tournilhac O, McLornan DP. Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia: a retrospective study on behalf of the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the EBMT. Haematologica 2024; 109:1608-1613. [PMID: 38205539 PMCID: PMC11063836 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.284359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Not available.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luuk Gras
- EBMT Statistical Unit, Leiden, the Netherlands;.
| | - Linda Koster
- EBMT Leiden Study Unit, Leiden, the Netherlands;.
| | | | - María Queralt Salas
- Hematology Department (ICHMO). Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;.
| | - Urpu Salmenniemi
- Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland;.
| | - Teresa Zudaire
- Unidad de Ensayos Clínicos de Hematología Pabellón A, bajo., Pamplona, Spain;.
| | | | - Mar Bellido
- University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands;.
| | | | | | | | - Xavier Poiré
- Cliniques Universitaires St. Luc, Brussels, Belgium;.
| | - Christelle Ferra
- ICO-Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain;.
| | - Antònia Sampol
- Hospital Son Espases, IDISBA, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain.
| | | | - Anne Cairoli
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland;.
| | | | - Eric Deconinck
- Université de Franche-Comté, CHU Besançon, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT, F-25000 Besançon, France;.
| | | | - Felipe Suarez
- Adult hematology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP.Centre Université Paris Cité, Paris, France;.
| | - Kavita Raj
- University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom;.
| | | | | | - Olivier Tournilhac
- CHU Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France;.
| | - Donal P McLornan
- University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom;.
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Crochet G, Iacoboni G, Couturier A, Bachy E, Iraola-Truchuelo J, Gastinne T, Cartron G, Fradon T, Lesne B, Kwon M, Gounot R, Martínez-Cibrian N, Castilla-Llorente C, Abrisqueta P, Guerreiro M, Sarkozy C, Aspa-Cilleruelo JM, Camus V, Guidez S, Chauchet A, Deconinck E, Bouabdallah K, Bosch F, Barba P, Morschhauser F, Houot R. Efficacy of CAR T-Cell Therapy is Not Impaired by Previous Bispecific Antibody Treatment in Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Blood 2024:blood.2024024526. [PMID: 38657242 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2024024526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this retrospective study, CAR T-cells remained effective in relapsed/refractory LBCL patients after prior exposure to bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) targeting different antigens. These results are relevant to clinical practice, particularly given the increasing use of BsAbs in earlier treatment lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gloria Iacoboni
- Department of Hematology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Experimental Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Josu Iraola-Truchuelo
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital-Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Tom Fradon
- LYSARC, The Lymphoma Academic Research Organization, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Bastien Lesne
- LYSARC, The Lymphoma Academic Research Organization, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Mi Kwon
- Hospital G. Univ. Gregorio Marañon, Institute of Health Research Hospital Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eric Deconinck
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besancon, Besancon, France
| | - Krimo Bouabdallah
- Service d'Hématologie clinique et Thérapie cellulaire, PESSAC, France
| | - Francesc Bosch
- Department of Hematology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Experimental Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-1, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Barba
- Hospital Vall d'Hebron, barcelona, Spain
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Loke J, Labopin M, Craddock C, Socié G, Gedde-Dahl T, Blaise D, Forcade E, Salmenniemi U, Huynh A, Versluis J, Yakoub-Agha I, Labussière-Wallet H, Maertens J, Passweg J, Bulabois CE, Gabellier L, Mielke S, Castilla-Llorente C, Deconinck E, Brissot E, Nagler A, Ciceri F, Mohty M. Prognostic impact of number of induction courses to attain complete remission in patients with acute myeloid leukemia transplanted with either a matched sibling or human leucocyte antigen 10/10 or 9/10 unrelated donor: An Acute Leukemia Working Party European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation study. Cancer 2024. [PMID: 38581695 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For the majority of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) an allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT) in first complete remission (CR) is preferred. However, whether the number of courses required to achieve CR has a prognostic impact is unclear. It is unknown which factors remain important in patients requiring more than one course of induction to attain remission. METHODS This Acute Leukaemia Working Party study from the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation identified adults who received an allograft in first CR from either a fully matched sibling or 10/10 or 9/10 human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-matched unrelated donor (HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DR, or HLA-DQ). Univariate and multivariate analyses were undertaken to identify the prognostic impact of one or two courses of induction to attain CR. RESULTS A total of 4995 patients were included with 3839 (77%) patients attaining a CR following one course of induction chemotherapy (IND1), and 1116 patients requiring two courses (IND2) to attain CR. IND2 as compared to IND1 was a poor prognostic factor in a univariate analysis and remained so in a multivariate Cox model, resulting in an increased hazard ratio of relapse (1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-1.64; p = .0003) and of death (1.27; 95% CI, 1.09-1.47; p = .002). Adverse prognostic factors in a multivariate analysis of the outcomes of patients requiring IND2 included age, FLT3-ITD, adverse cytogenetics, and performance status. Pretransplant measurable residual disease retained a prognostic impact regardless of IND1 or IND2. CONCLUSION Initial response to chemotherapy as determined by number of courses to attain CR, retained prognostic relevance even following SCT in CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Loke
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Myriam Labopin
- Acute Leukaemia Working Party, Paris Study Office, European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Paris, France
- Hematology Department, AP-HP, Sorbonne Universités, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Charles Craddock
- Birmingham Centre for Cellular Therapy and Transplantation, Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- University of Warwick, Warwick, UK
| | - Gérard Socié
- Department of Hematology-BMT, Hopital St. Louis, Paris, France
| | - Tobias Gedde-Dahl
- Hematology Department, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet Clinic for Cancer Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Didier Blaise
- Programme de Transplantation & Therapie Cellulaire Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | - Urpu Salmenniemi
- HUCH Comprehensive Cancer Center, Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Huynh
- CHU-Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse, Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Jurjen Versluis
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Johan Maertens
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Ludovic Gabellier
- Département d`Hématologie Clinique, CHU Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France
| | - Stephan Mielke
- Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Eric Deconinck
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT, Besançon, France
- Hématologie, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Eolia Brissot
- Hematology Department, AP-HP, Sorbonne Universités, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Hematology Division, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Mohamad Mohty
- Hematology Department, AP-HP, Sorbonne Universités, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
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6
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Pemmaraju N, Deconinck E, Mehta P, Walker I, Herling M, Garnache-Ottou F, Gabarin N, Campbell CJV, Duell J, Moshe Y, Mughal T, Mohty M, Angelucci E. Recent Advances in the Biology and CD123-Directed Treatment of Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2024; 24:e130-e137. [PMID: 38267355 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is an aggressive myeloid malignancy of the dendritic cell lineage that affects patients of all ages, though the incidence appears to be highest in patients over the age of 60 years. Diagnosis is based on the presence of plasmacytoid dendritic cell precursors expressing CD123, the interleukin-3 (IL-3) receptor alpha, and a distinct histologic appearance. Timely diagnosis remains a challenge, due to lack of disease awareness and overlapping biologic and clinical features with other hematologic malignancies. Prognosis is poor with a median overall survival of 8 to 14 months, irrespective of disease presentation pattern. Historically, the principal treatment was remission induction therapy followed by a stem cell transplant (SCT) in eligible patients. However, bridging to SCT is often not achieved with induction chemotherapy regimens. The discovery that CD123 is universally expressed in BPDCN and is considered to have a pathogenetic role in its development paved the way for the successful introduction of tagraxofusp, a recombinant human IL-3 fused to a truncated diphtheria toxin payload, as an initial treatment for BPDCN. Tagraxofusp was approved in 2018 by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients aged 2 years and older with newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory BPDCN, and by the European Medicines Agency in 2021 for first-line treatment of adults. The advent of tagraxofusp has opened a new era of precision oncology in the treatment of BPDCN. Herein, we present an overview of BPDCN biology, its diagnosis, and treatment options, illustrated by clinical cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Pemmaraju
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Department of Hematology, CHU Besançon, Besançon Cedex, France; INSERM, UMR1098 RIGHT, Franche-Comté University, Établissement Français du Sang, Besançon, France
| | - Priyanka Mehta
- Department of Haematology, University Hospitals of Bristol and Weston, NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Irwin Walker
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Juravinski Hospital and Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marco Herling
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, and Hemostaseology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Francine Garnache-Ottou
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France; Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Laboratoire d'Hématologie et d'Immunologie Régional, Besançon, France
| | - Nadia Gabarin
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Clinton J V Campbell
- Juravinski Hospital and Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Johannes Duell
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II des Universitätsklinikums, Zentrum Innere Medizin (ZIM), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Yakir Moshe
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tariq Mughal
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Consultant to Stemline Therapeutics Inc, New York, NY
| | - Mohamad Mohty
- Department of Hematology and Cellular Therapy, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Emanuele Angelucci
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
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Caillet A, Simonet‐Boissard M, Forcade E, Robin M, Rubio M, Couturier M, Srour M, Maillard N, Devillier R, Huynh A, Bourhis J, Simand C, Chantepie S, Boisson C, Kroemer M, Deconinck E, Berceanu A. IDALLO study: A retrospective multicenter study of the SFGM-TC evaluating the efficacy and safety of ivosidenib in relapsed IDH1-mutated AML after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Hemasphere 2024; 8:e44. [PMID: 38469458 PMCID: PMC10925725 DOI: 10.1002/hem3.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Caillet
- Hematology Department, Hôpital Jean MinjozCHU BesançonBesançonFrance
| | | | - Edouard Forcade
- Hematology Department, Hôpital Haut‐LévêqueCHU BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Marie Robin
- Hematology DepartmentHôpital Saint‐LouisParisFrance
| | | | | | - Micha Srour
- Hematology Department, CHU de LilleUniversity of LilleLilleFrance
| | | | | | - Anne Huynh
- Hematology DepartmentIUCT OncopoleToulouseFrance
| | | | | | | | - Cyril Boisson
- Methodological and Quality of Life in Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Besançon, Franche‐Comté University, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche‐Comté, UMR 1098Interactions Hôte‐Greffon‐Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et GéniqueBesançonFrance
| | - Marie Kroemer
- Pharmacy Department, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, Bourgogne Franche Comté, UMR 1098Interactions Hôte‐Greffon‐Tumeur/Inginérie Cellulaire et GéniqueBesançonFrance
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Hematology DepartmentCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de BesanconBesançonFrance
| | - Ana Berceanu
- Hematology Department, Hôpital Jean MinjozCHU BesançonBesançonFrance
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Deconinck E, Lievens S, Canfyn M, Van Campenhout P, Debehault L, Gremaux L, Balcaen M. Full Characterisation of Heroin Samples Using Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Calibration. Molecules 2024; 29:1116. [PMID: 38474628 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The analysis of heroin samples, before use in the protected environment of user centra, could be a supplementary service in the context of harm reduction. Infrared spectroscopy hyphenated with multivariate calibration could be a valuable asset in this context, and therefore 125 heroin samples were collected directly from users and analysed with classical chromatographic techniques. Further, Mid-Infrared spectra were collected for all samples, to be used in Partial Least Squares (PLS) modelling, in order to obtain qualitative and quantitative models based on real live samples. The approach showed that it was possible to identify and quantify heroin in the samples based on the collected spectral data and PLS modelling. These models were able to identify heroin correctly for 96% of the samples of the external test set with precision, specificity and sensitivity values of 100.0, 75.0 and 95.5%, respectively. For regression, a root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.04 was obtained, pointing at good predictive properties. Furthermore, during mass spectrometric screening, 10 different adulterants and impurities were encountered. Using the spectral data to model the presence of each of these resulted in performant models for seven of them. All models showed promising correct-classification rates (between 92 and 96%) and good values for sensitivity, specificity and precision. For codeine and morphine, the models were not satisfactory, probably due to the low concentration of these impurities as a consequence of acetylation. For methacetin, the approach failed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Deconinck
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sybrien Lievens
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- VUB, Faculty of Sciences and Bio-Engineering, Department Chemistry, Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael Canfyn
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter Van Campenhout
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Loic Debehault
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lies Gremaux
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Epidemiology and Public Health, Service Lifestyle and Chronic Diseases, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Margot Balcaen
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Epidemiology and Public Health, Service Lifestyle and Chronic Diseases, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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9
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Desmedt B, Van Campenhout P, Deconinck E. A systematic review of analytical methodologies capable of analysing phytocannabinoids in cosmetics. Drug Test Anal 2024. [PMID: 38229238 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
As cannabidiol (CBD) is not considered to be a drug and because of its potential health claims, it is an interesting compound that is often found in cosmetics. However, the safety of CBD, as well as the presence of trace amounts of other phytocannabinoids, including the psychoactive substance ∆9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), is still being debated. A robust analytical technique capable of analysing cosmetic products and determining their phytocannabinoid content will be crucial in assessing the safety of these products. This systematic review aims to highlight the current analytical tools that could be used to analyse phytocannabinoids in cosmetics. The ideal method would be able to analyse high levels of CBD in combination with trace levels of THC and their acids. The method should provide good recoveries and accuracies in a variety of matrices while providing information on up-coming phytocannabinoids such as cannabichromene (CBC), cannabigerol (CBG) and cannabinol (CBN). The systematic review approach was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses method. The research focused on studies published from January 2010 to December 2022 in PubMed and Scopus. A total of 15 datasets met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were tabulated to allow easy comparison. Although some of the reviewed methods can handle multiple matrices and provide satisfactory recoveries, this review process did not identify an ideal method. The most suitable methods either could not quantify phytocannabinoid acids or were not sensitive enough to quantify trace levels of psychoactive phytocannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Desmedt
- Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter Van Campenhout
- Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
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Desmedt B, Verleysen E, Demaegdt H, van Campenhout P, van Miert E, Deconinck E. The use of nitrous oxide whippets as a recreational drug: Hidden health risks. Drug Test Anal 2024; 16:99-104. [PMID: 37173289 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Whipped cream canisters, also known as nitrous oxide whippets, are traditionally used in the culinary arts to prepare food foams. In recent years, however, these gas canisters have been cracked open and inhaled to produce a "legal" high. Users of these whippets have reported the presence of an oily residue containing metallic particles. This contamination was investigated using liquid chromatography-, gas chromatography- and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The particulate matter was also analyzed by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The presence of cyclohexyl isothiocyanate was confirmed at a maximum concentration of 67 μg per whippet. ICP-MS and ICP-OES analysis revealed the presence of mainly iron and zinc, but also, traces of aluminum, chromium, cobalt, nickel, and lead were found. STEM-EDX analysis confirmed the presence of nano-sized particles containing iron and zinc. When simulating inhalation, using the multiple path particle dosimetry model, it was confirmed that these nano-sized particles can reach the deeper parts of the lungs. Most users assume that inhaling a food-grade nitrous oxide whippet for a "legal" high poses no risks. However, this research shows that users are exposed to cyclohexyl isothiocyanate, a substance classified as a respiratory sensitizer. The presence of zinc in the particulate matter could potentially be linked to lung lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Desmedt
- Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eveline Verleysen
- EM-Unit, Service Trace Elements and Nanomaterials, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Sciensano, Uccle, Belgium
| | - Heidi Demaegdt
- Trace Elements Unit, Service Trace Elements and Nanomaterials, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Sciensano, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Peter van Campenhout
- Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Erik van Miert
- Risk Assessment Unit, Risk and Health Impact Assessment Service, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
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11
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Vanhee C, Jacobs B, Kamugisha A, Canfyn M, Van Der Meersch H, Ceyssens B, Deconinck E, Van Hoorde K, Willocx M. Substandard and falsified ivermectin tablets obtained for self-medication during the COVID-19 pandemic as a source of potential harm. Drug Test Anal 2023. [PMID: 38043940 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
In 2019, a global viral pandemic, due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, broke out. Soon after, the search for a vaccine and/or antiviral medicine began. One of the candidate antiviral medicines tested was ivermectin. Although several health authorities warned the public against the use of this medicine outside clinical trials, the drug was widely used at the end of 2020 and in 2021. Simultaneously, several reports started to emerge demonstrating serious adverse effects after self-medicating with ivermectin. It stands to reason that the self-administration of substandard or falsified (SF) medicines bearing harmful quality deficiencies have contributed to this phenomenon. In order to have a better view on the nature of these harmful quality deficiencies, SF ivermectin samples, intercepted in large quantities by the Belgian regulatory agencies during the period 2021-2022, were analyzed in our official medicines control laboratory. None of the samples (n = 19) were compliant to the quality criteria applicable to medicinal products. These SF products either suffered from a systematic underdosing of the active pharmaceutical ingredient or were severely contaminated with bacteria, two of which were contaminated with known pathogens that cause gastrointestinal illness upon oral intake. In addition to the direct risks of self-medicating with such a product, the improper usage and dosage of ivermectin medication might also facilitate ivermectin tolerance or resistance in parasites. This may have detrimental consequences on a global scale, certainly as the number of newly developed active pharmaceutical ingredients that can safely be used to combat parasites is rather scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Vanhee
- Service Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bram Jacobs
- Service of Foodborne Pathogen, Scientific Direction of Infectious Diseases in Humans, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Angélique Kamugisha
- Service Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael Canfyn
- Service Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Bart Ceyssens
- Federal Agency for Medicine and Health Care Products, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Service Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Koenraad Van Hoorde
- Service of Foodborne Pathogen, Scientific Direction of Infectious Diseases in Humans, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie Willocx
- Service Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
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12
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Deconinck E, Raimondo M, Borioni A, Grange Y, Rebière H, Mihailova A, Bøyum O, Maurin JK, Pioruńska-Sędłak K, Olsen LS, Acevska J, Brezovska K, Rundlöf T, Portela MJ, Meieranz S, Miquel M, Bertrand M. Clustering of Tadalafil API Samples According to their Manufacturer in the Context of API Falsification Detection. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:2834-2842. [PMID: 37220827 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the results of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) fingerprint study, organised by the General European Official Medicines Control Laboratory Network (GEON), on tadalafil. A classical market surveillance study, evaluating compliance to the European Pharmacopoeia, was combined with a fingerprint study, the latter to obtain characteristic data for the different manufacturers, allowing the network laboratories to conduct authenticity tests for future samples, as well as to detect substandard and falsified samples. In total, 46 tadalafil API samples from 13 different manufacturers were collected. For all samples fingerprint data was collected through analysis of impurities and residual solvents, mass spectrometric screening, X-ray powder diffraction and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). Chemometric analysis revealed that all manufacturers could be characterised based on the impurity, residual solvent and 1H-NMR data. Future suspicious samples in the network will therefore be analysed with these techniques in order to attribute the sample to one of the manufacturers. If the sample cannot be attributed, a more profound investigation will be necessary to reveal the origin of the sample. In cases where the suspect sample is claimed to be from one of the manufacturers included in this study, analysis can be limited to the test distinguishing that manufacturer.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Deconinck
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - M Raimondo
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Chemical Medicines Unit, viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Borioni
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Chemical Medicines Unit, viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Y Grange
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety (ANSM), Laboratory Controls Division, 635 Rue de la Garenne, F-34740, Vendargues, France
| | - H Rebière
- French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety (ANSM), Laboratory Controls Division, 635 Rue de la Garenne, F-34740, Vendargues, France
| | - A Mihailova
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; Norwegian Medicines Agency, Grensesvingen 26, NO-0663, Oslo, Norway
| | - O Bøyum
- Norwegian Medicines Agency, Grensesvingen 26, NO-0663, Oslo, Norway
| | - J K Maurin
- National Medicines Institute, 30/34 Chelmska str., 00-725, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Pioruńska-Sędłak
- National Medicines Institute, 30/34 Chelmska str., 00-725, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Stengelshøj Olsen
- Danish Medicines Agency, Medicines Control and Inspection Division, Axel Heides Gade 1, 2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - J Acevska
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; Center for Drug Quality Control, Institute of applied chemistry and pharmaceutical analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Majka Tereza 47, POB 36, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - K Brezovska
- Center for Drug Quality Control, Institute of applied chemistry and pharmaceutical analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Majka Tereza 47, POB 36, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - T Rundlöf
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; Swedish Medical Products Agency, Laboratory, Box 26, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 42, SE-751 03, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M J Portela
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; INFARMED - Autoridade Nacional do Medicamento e Produtos de Saúde, I.P. Parque de Saúde de Lisboa - Avenida do Brasil, 53, 1749-004, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S Meieranz
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; Landeslabor Berlin-Brandenburg - Institut für Lebensmittel, Arzneimittel, Tierseuchen und Umwelt, Rudower Chaussee 39, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Miquel
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - M Bertrand
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France
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Marcelis Q, Deconinck E, Rogiers V, Vanhaecke T, Desmedt B. Applicability of the DPRA on mixture testing: challenges and opportunities. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:2453-2461. [PMID: 37414884 PMCID: PMC10404183 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03551-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The in chemico direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA) is validated to assess protein reactivity of chemical compounds, relating to the molecular initiating event of skin sensitization induction. According to OECD TG 442C, the DPRA is technically applicable to test multi-constituent substances and mixtures of known composition, even though limited experimental data are publicly available. First, we assessed the DPRA's predictive capability for individual substances, but at concentrations other than the recommended 100 mM, i.e., based on the LLNA EC3 concentration (Experiment A). Next, the applicability of the DPRA to test unknown mixtures was assessed (Experiment B). Here, the complexity of unknown mixtures was reduced to mixtures containing either two known skin sensitizers with varying potencies, or a combination of a skin sensitizer with a non-skin sensitizer, or multiple non-sensitizers. Experiments A and B revealed that one extremely potent sensitizer (oxazolone) was incorrectly classified as a non-sensitizer when tested at its low EC3 concentration of 0.4 mM instead of the suggested molar excess conditions of 100 mM (Experiments A). For binary mixtures tested in experiments B, the DPRA was able to distinguish all skin sensitizers and the strongest skin sensitizer in the mixture was determinant for the overall peptide depletion of a sensitizer. In conclusion, we confirmed that the DPRA test method can be used efficiently for well-known characterized mixtures. However, when deviating from the recommended testing concentration of 100 mM, caution should be taken in case of negative results, limiting the DPRA's applicability for mixtures of unknown composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinten Marcelis
- In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), VUB, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Jette, Belgium.
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Medicines and Medicinal Health Products, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Elsene, Belgium
| | - Vera Rogiers
- In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), VUB, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Jette, Belgium
| | - Tamara Vanhaecke
- In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), VUB, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Jette, Belgium
| | - Bart Desmedt
- Medicines and Medicinal Health Products, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Elsene, Belgium
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Rodier C, Kanagaratnam L, Morland D, Herbin A, Durand A, Chauchet A, Choquet S, Colin P, Casasnovas RO, Deconinck E, Godard F, Delmer A, Rossi C, Durot E. Risk Factors of Progression in Low-tumor Burden Follicular Lymphoma Initially Managed by Watch and Wait in the Era of PET and Rituximab. Hemasphere 2023; 7:e861. [PMID: 37125257 PMCID: PMC10146112 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients (pts) with asymptomatic low-burden follicular lymphoma (FL) are usually observed at diagnosis. Time to lymphoma treatment (TLT) initiation can however be very heterogeneous and risk factors of progression are poorly studied. Our study evaluated 201 pts with grade 1-3a low-tumor burden FL diagnosed in four French centers between 2010 and 2020 and managed by a watch and wait strategy in real-life settings. After a median follow-up of 4.8 years, the median TLT was 4.2 years (95% confidence interval, 3.1-5.5). On multivariate analysis, elevated lactate dehydrogenase (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.2; P = 0.02), more than 4 nodal areas involved (HR = 1.7; P = 0.02) and more than 1 extranodal involvement (HR = 2.7; P = 0.01) were identified as independent predictors of TLT. The median TLT was 5.8 years for pts with no risk factor, 2.4 years for 1 risk factor, and 1.3 years for >1 risk factors (P < 0.01). In a subanalysis of 75 pts staged with positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT), total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) ≥14 cm3 and standardized Dmax (reflecting tumor dissemination) >0.32 m-1 were also associated with shorter TLT (HR = 3.4; P = 0.004 and HR = 2.4; P = 0.007, respectively). In multivariate models combining PET-CT parameters and clinical variables, TMTV remained independent predictor of shorter TLT. These simple parameters could help to identify FL patients initially observed at higher risk of early progression. The role of PET-CT (extranodal sites and PET metrics) in low-burden FL appears promising and warrants further assessment in large cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrielle Rodier
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Reims, Hôpital Robert Debré, Reims, France
- UFR Médecine, Reims, France
| | - Lukshe Kanagaratnam
- Department of Research and Innovation, University Hospital of Reims, Hôpital Robert Debré, Reims, France
| | - David Morland
- Médecine Nucléaire, Institut Godinot, Laboratoire de Biophysique, UFR de Médecine, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, and CReSTIC (Centre de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication), EA 3804, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Adélie Herbin
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital F. Mitterrand and Inserm UMR 1231, Dijon, France
| | - Amandine Durand
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital F. Mitterrand and Inserm UMR 1231, Dijon, France
| | - Adrien Chauchet
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Besançon, France
| | - Sylvain Choquet
- Department of Hematology, APHP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Colin
- Department of Oncology, Clinique Courlancy, Reims, France
| | - René Olivier Casasnovas
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital F. Mitterrand and Inserm UMR 1231, Dijon, France
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Besançon, France
| | - François Godard
- Médecine Nucléaire, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Alain Delmer
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Reims, Hôpital Robert Debré, Reims, France
- UFR Médecine, Reims, France
| | - Cédric Rossi
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital F. Mitterrand and Inserm UMR 1231, Dijon, France
| | - Eric Durot
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Reims, Hôpital Robert Debré, Reims, France
- UFR Médecine, Reims, France
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15
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Gagelmann N, Eikema DJ, Koster L, Netelenbos T, McDonald A, Stoppa AM, Fenk R, Anagnostopoulos A, van Gorkom G, Deconinck E, Bulabois CE, Delforge M, Bunjes D, Arcese W, Reményi P, Itälä-Remes M, Thurner L, Bolaman AZ, Nabil Y, Lund J, Labussière-Wallet H, Hayden PJ, Beksac M, Schönland S, Yakoub-Agha I. Impact of newly diagnosed extramedullary myeloma on outcome after first autograft followed by maintenance: A CMWP-EBMT study. Eur J Haematol 2023. [PMID: 37082839 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No adequate data exist on the impact of multiple myeloma (MM) with extramedullary disease (EMD) after autograft and maintenance therapy. METHODS We identified 808 patients with newly diagnosed MM who received first autograft, of whom 107 had EMD (83 paraskeletal and 24 organ involvement), and who had been reported to the EBMT registry December 2018. Distribution according to type of involvement was similar between the treatment groups (p = .69). For EMD, 46 (40%) received thalidomide, 59 (51%) lenalidomide, and 11 (10%) bortezomib. RESULTS The median follow-up from maintenance start was 44 months. Three-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 52% (48%-57%) for no EMD, 56% (44%-69%) for paraskeletal involvement, and 45% (22%-68%) for organ involvement (p = .146). Early PFS (within first year) appeared to be significantly worse for organ involvement (hazard ratio, 3.40), while no significant influence was found after first year from maintenance start. Three-year overall survival (OS) was 81% (77%-84%), 88% (80%-96%), and 68% (47%-89%; p = .064), respectively. With thalidomide as reference, lenalidomide was significantly associated with better PFS and OS, whereas bortezomib appeared to improve outcome specifically in EMD. CONCLUSION Lenalidomide maintenance is standard of care for MM without EMD, whereas extramedullary organ involvement remains a significant risk factor for worse outcome, especially for early events after maintenance start.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Gagelmann
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dirk-Jan Eikema
- Department of Statistics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Andrew McDonald
- Alberts Cellular Therapy, Pretoria East Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Roland Fenk
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Gwendolyn van Gorkom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Clinical Hematology, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Claude-Eric Bulabois
- Service d'Hematologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes-Universite Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Donald Bunjes
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - William Arcese
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Péter Reményi
- St. István and St. László Hospital of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maija Itälä-Remes
- Turku University Hospital, Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Turku, Finland
| | - Lorenz Thurner
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ali Zahit Bolaman
- Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Yafour Nabil
- Établissement hospitalier et universitaire, Service d'hématologie et de thérapie cellulaire, Université d'Oran 1, Ahmed Ben Bella, faculté de médecine, Oran, Algeria
| | - Johan Lund
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska Institute & University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Patrick J Hayden
- Department of Haematology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Stefan Schönland
- Medical Department V, Amyloidosis Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha
- INSERM U1286, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille LIRIC, Lille, France
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16
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Ranjan S, Adams E, Deconinck E. Multidimensional Chromatographic Fingerprinting Combined with Chemometrics for the Identification of Regulated Plants in Suspicious Plant Food Supplements. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083632. [PMID: 37110870 PMCID: PMC10146433 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The popularity of plant food supplements has seen explosive growth all over the world, making them susceptible to adulteration and fraud. This necessitates a screening approach for the detection of regulated plants in plant food supplements, which are usually composed of complex plant mixtures, thus making the approach not so straightforward. This paper aims to tackle this problem by developing a multidimensional chromatographic fingerprinting method aided by chemometrics. To render more specificity to the chromatogram, a multidimensional fingerprint (absorbance × wavelength × retention time) was considered. This was achieved by selecting several wavelengths through a correlation analysis. The data were recorded using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with diode array detection (DAD). Chemometric modelling was performed by partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) through (a) binary modelling and (b) multiclass modelling. The correct classification rates (ccr%) by cross-validation, modelling, and external test set validation were satisfactory for both approaches, but upon further comparison, binary models were preferred. As a proof of concept, the models were applied to twelve samples for the detection of four regulated plants. Overall, it was revealed that the combination of multidimensional fingerprinting data with chemometrics was feasible for the identification of regulated plants in complex botanical matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Ranjan
- Section of Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erwin Adams
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Section of Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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17
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Barhdadi S, Courselle P, Deconinck E, Vanhee C. The analysis of cannabinoids in e-cigarette liquids using LC-HRAM-MS and LC-UV. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 230:115394. [PMID: 37062207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The use of cannabidiol or CBD products has skyrocketed in the last five years due to the alleged therapeutic benefits, a low potential for abuse and lack of the typical psychoactive effects associated with the use of cannabis products containing high levels of ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC). In Belgium, CBD-containing e-liquids with a total THC content lower than 0.2% (w/w) are currently legal. In order to verify the compliance of the different CBD-containing e-cigarette liquids that are available to the Belgian population, a method was developed for screening of 17 cannabinoids and to quantify the major cannabinoids such as CBD, CBDA, ∆9-THC and ∆9-THCA. The latter was fully validated using the 'total error' approach, applying accuracy profiles and conforming to ISO17025. None of the analysed samples exceeded the legal limit for the total amount of ∆9-THC present. However, of the 20 CBD-liquids investigated in this study, only 30% of the samples contained an amount of CBD that was within 10% deviation of the label claim. Moreover, the CBD e-liquids labelled "full/broad spectrum" consisted of several minor alkaloids in comparison to the "classic" CBD e-liquids where the acidic forms of the cannabinoids were not present. Currently, no legislation is available for the regulation of CBD e-liquids, however these results indicate that quality controls are pertinent especially concerning the discrepancy in CBD label accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Barhdadi
- Department of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Medicines and Healthcare Products, Sciensano, J. Wytsmansstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Patricia Courselle
- Department of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Medicines and Healthcare Products, Sciensano, J. Wytsmansstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Department of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Medicines and Healthcare Products, Sciensano, J. Wytsmansstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Celine Vanhee
- Department of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Medicines and Healthcare Products, Sciensano, J. Wytsmansstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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18
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Balcaen M, Ventura M, Gil C, Luf A, Martins D, Cunha M, Tögel-Lins K, Wolf D, Blanckaert P, Deconinck E. Challenges in Drug Surveillance: Strengthening the Analysis of New Psychoactive Substances by Harmonizing Drug Checking Services in Proficiency Testing. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:4628. [PMID: 36901637 PMCID: PMC10002093 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug checking is a proven harm reduction strategy and provides real-time information on the market of new psychoactive substances (NPS). It combines chemical analysis of samples with direct engagement with people who use drugs (PWUD), giving the ability to increase preparedness and responsiveness towards NPS. Next to that, it supports rapid identification of potential unwitting consumption. However, NPS cause a toxicological battle for the researchers, as factors such as the unpredictability and quick shift of the market complicate the detection. METHODS To evaluate challenges posed towards drug checking services, proficiency testing was set up to evaluate existing analytical techniques and investigate the capability to correctly identify circulating NPS. Twenty blind substances, covering the most common categories of substances, were analyzed according to the existing protocols of the existing drug checking services, including several analytical methods such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography with diode array detector (LC-DAD). RESULTS The proficiency test scores range from 80 to 97.5% accuracy. The most common issues and errors are mainly unidentified compounds, presumably due to no up-to-date libraries, and/ or confusion between structural isomers, such as 3- and 4-chloroethcathinone, or structural analogs, such as MIPLA (N-methyl-N-isopropyl lysergamide) and LSD (D-lysergic acid diethylamide). CONCLUSIONS The participating drug checking services have access to adequate analytical tools to provide feedback to drug users and provide up-to-date information on NPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Balcaen
- Unit Illicit Drugs, Lifestyle and Chronic Diseases, Scientific Direction Epidemiology, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mireia Ventura
- Energy Control, Associació Benestar i Desenvolupament, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Gil
- Energy Control, Associació Benestar i Desenvolupament, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anton Luf
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Mar Cunha
- Kosmicare, 1170-283 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Danny Wolf
- Legal-high-Inhaltsstoffe, 60439 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Peter Blanckaert
- Unit Illicit Drugs, Lifestyle and Chronic Diseases, Scientific Direction Epidemiology, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Service Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Sciensano, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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19
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Deconinck E, Canfyn M, Duchateau C, De Braekeleer K. Response to letter to the editor: "Comments on 'discrepancies between validated GC-FID and UHPLC-DAD methods for the analysis of Δ-9-THC and CBD in dried hemp flowers'". Drug Test Anal 2023; 15:247-249. [PMID: 36270970 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Deconinck
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, Brussels, Belgium.,Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis & Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michaël Canfyn
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Duchateau
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, Brussels, Belgium.,Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis & Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kris De Braekeleer
- Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis & Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
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20
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Deconinck E, Ranjan S. Chromatographic fingerprinting for the detection of herbal adulteration and herbal fraud in plant food supplements. Maced Pharm Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2022.68.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Deconinck
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Section Medicines and Health Products,Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Surbhi Ranjan
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, O&N2, PB 923, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
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21
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Herling M, Deconinck E, Anant M, Manteigas D, Riggi M, Mughal T, Angelucci E. MPN-467 Findings From an Observational, Multicenter, Retrospective Analysis of Patients With Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm Treated With Tagraxofusp in the European Expanded Access Program. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2022; 22 Suppl 2:S338. [PMID: 36164010 DOI: 10.1016/s2152-2650(22)01461-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN), an aggressive hematologic malignancy with poor prognosis, is characterized by clonal expansion of plasmacytoid dendritic tumor cells expressing specific markers including the interleukin-3 receptor alpha (CD123). Tagraxofusp (TAG) is a CD123-targeted therapy approved by the FDA and EMA. A global expanded access program (EAP) was implemented prior to TAG's EMA authorization to provide access to patients in real-world practice. OBJECTIVE Main objectives were rates of complete response and incidence/severity of capillary leak syndrome (CLS). Key secondary objectives included rate of patients bridged to transplantation, survival, safety, number of cycles administered. DESIGN Non-interventional, retrospective analysis of BPDCN patients enrolled in the European EAP from 08.2019-12.2021. SETTING 57 European centers (Germany, France, Italy, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Spain, Austria). PATIENTS 76 adult (median age 64 years, range 21-85 years) and 4 pediatric patients with BPDCN confirmed by hematopathology with established marker panels (including CD123). INTERVENTIONS TAG 12 mcg/kg was administered intravenously once daily on days 1-5 (up to day 10 allowed) of a 21-day cycle. Hospitalization was required for the first cycle (subsequent cycles allowed outpatient administration). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Review of case report forms and individual records of patients who met criteria for TAG prior to regulatory approval. RESULTS Most patients were male (78%), representing real-world distribution. Sixty-three patients received TAG first-line and 17 patients as second/or further line of treatment. The median number of cycles was 2.5 (range 1-8) in first-line and 2.6 (range 1-13) in second-line/further, respectively. No deaths due to CLS were reported. Adverse events (AEs) mainly occurred in cycle 1, with similar rates and severity in older vs younger patients. Analysis is ongoing; data on safety, efficacy, transplantation, and time-related parameters will be reported. CONCLUSIONS The is the largest retrospective analysis of real-world clinical practice outside of a clinical trial in BPDCN patients treated with TAG. Adherence to the EAP and multidisciplinary training is thought to have positively affected prevention and management of CLS and other grade 3-4 AEs. These preliminary results confirm the feasibility and safety of TAG, including in elderly patients, with manageable safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Herling
- University Hospital Leipzig, Department of Hematology, Cell Therapy, and Hemostaseology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Regional University Hospital of Besancon, Besancon, France
| | | | - David Manteigas
- Cmed (Clinical Research Services), Broadlands Business Campus, West Sussex, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tariq Mughal
- Stemline Therapeutics Inc, New York, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Emanuele Angelucci
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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22
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Marcelis Q, Gatzios A, Deconinck E, Rogiers V, Desmedt B, Vanhaecke T. Quantitative risk assessment of allergens leaching from menstrual hygiene products. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 135:105260. [PMID: 36067853 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) often associated with the topical use of perfumed products, remains one of the most common chronic skin disorders in Western countries. Since labelling of scented menstrual hygiene products (MHPs) is not mandatory, women might be unknowingly exposed to allergens. Given that vaginal mucosae lack the vital barrier function of the skin, skin allergens can easily penetrate and become systemically available and hence women may experience adverse effects in the anogenital region. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate whether women using scented MHPs are at risk of sensitization and hence developing ACD. Hereto, a Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) is performed on four well-known skin sensitizing chemicals (α-isomethyl ionone, benzyl salicylate, hexyl cinnamaldehyde and heliotropine) that were previously found leaching from five different scented MHPs including tampons and sanitary pads. The amounts of heliotropine, leached by one of the investigated tampons, exceeded acceptable exposure levels determined with the QRA and could induce sensitization. In addition, although no sensitization is expected for the other three compounds, an allergenic reaction might be provoked in women who are already sensitized. Labelling of allergens on scented MHPs would therefore help consumers to prevent adverse effects linked to ACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinten Marcelis
- Department In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Jette, Belgium.
| | - Alexandra Gatzios
- Department In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Jette, Belgium.
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Medicines and Medicinal Health Products, Sciensano, Julliette Weytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Elsene, Belgium.
| | - Vera Rogiers
- Department In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Jette, Belgium
| | - Bart Desmedt
- Medicines and Medicinal Health Products, Sciensano, Julliette Weytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Elsene, Belgium.
| | - Tamara Vanhaecke
- Department In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Jette, Belgium.
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23
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Poussard M, Angelot-Delettre F, Deconinck E. Conventional Therapeutics in BPDCN Patients-Do They Still Have a Place in the Era of Targeted Therapies? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3767. [PMID: 35954431 PMCID: PMC9367503 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
No benchmark treatment exists for blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN). Since the malignancy is chemo-sensitive, chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains an effective treatment. However, relapses frequently occur with the development of resistance. New options arising with the development of therapies targeting signaling pathways and epigenetic dysregulation have shown promising results. In this review, we focus on conventional therapies used to treat BPDCN and the novel therapeutic approaches that guide us toward the future management of BPDCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Poussard
- RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, UMR1098, EFS BFC, INSERM, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France; (M.P.); (F.A.-D.)
| | - Fanny Angelot-Delettre
- RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, UMR1098, EFS BFC, INSERM, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France; (M.P.); (F.A.-D.)
- Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Laboratoire d’Immuno-Hématologie, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Eric Deconinck
- RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, UMR1098, EFS BFC, INSERM, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France; (M.P.); (F.A.-D.)
- Service d’Hématologie, CHRU Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
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24
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De Leersnijder C, Duchateau C, De Braekeleer K, Deconinck E. Relative response factors and multiple regression models in liquid chromatography to quantify low-dosed components using alternative standards-proof of concept: total Δ9-THC content in cannabis flowers using CBD as reference. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:6507-6520. [PMID: 35788421 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04208-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A classical quantitative analysis in liquid chromatography is performed using either a one-point calibration or a calibration line, prepared using a reference standard of the compound(s) of interest. However, in some cases, adequate reference standards may be very expensive, rare to obtain, or have limited shelf-life properties. Also, in herbal matrices, multiple compounds could be necessary to be quantified, needing a whole series of different (related) reference standards. In these cases, the use of relative response (sometimes called relative correction factors) factors (RRFs) towards reference standards, different of the compound to be quantified, gained attraction. This study performed a comparison of the use of RRFs and linear relative response factor models (LRRFM) for the quantification of targeted low-dosed compounds using an alternative standard, since it is known that classical RRFs often fail in lower concentration ranges. For this purpose, the determination of the total Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC + Δ9-THC-A) content in dried cannabis flowers, using UHPLC-DAD, was used as a case study. A chromatographic method was implemented and validated, and the use of classical calibration lines, classical RRF, and the LRRFM was applied and compared, with special focus on the concentration around 0.2% (w/w) total Δ9-THC, the legal limit (in most European countries) in these products. Results showed that the newly presented and validated LRRFM approach outperformed the classical RRFs, especially in the low-concentration ranges and that concentrations obtained with the LRRFM were in accordance with the interpolation results obtained with a calibration line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric De Leersnijder
- ULB- Faculty of Pharmacy - RD3 - Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit - Bld Triomphe, Campus Plaine, CP 205/6 - B - 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Sciensano - Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks - Medicines and health products, Rue Juliette Wytsmanstraat, 14 - 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Duchateau
- ULB- Faculty of Pharmacy - RD3 - Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit - Bld Triomphe, Campus Plaine, CP 205/6 - B - 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Sciensano - Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks - Medicines and health products, Rue Juliette Wytsmanstraat, 14 - 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kris De Braekeleer
- ULB- Faculty of Pharmacy - RD3 - Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit - Bld Triomphe, Campus Plaine, CP 205/6 - B - 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric Deconinck
- ULB- Faculty of Pharmacy - RD3 - Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit - Bld Triomphe, Campus Plaine, CP 205/6 - B - 1050, Brussels, Belgium. .,Sciensano - Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks - Medicines and health products, Rue Juliette Wytsmanstraat, 14 - 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
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25
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Trad R, Warda W, Alcazer V, Neto da Rocha M, Berceanu A, Nicod C, Haderbache R, Roussel X, Desbrosses Y, Daguindau E, Renosi F, Roumier C, Bouquet L, Biichle S, Guiot M, Seffar E, Caillot D, Depil S, Robinet E, Salma Y, Deconinck E, Deschamps M, Ferrand C. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells targeting IL-1RAP: a promising new cellular immunotherapy to treat acute myeloid leukemia. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-004222. [PMID: 35803613 PMCID: PMC9272123 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a very difficult disease to cure due to the persistence of leukemic stem cells (LSCs), which are resistant to different lines of chemotherapy and are the basis of refractory/relapsed (R/R) disease in 80% of patients with AML not receiving allogeneic transplantation. Methods In this study, we showed that the interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAP) protein is overexpressed on the cell surface of LSCs in all subtypes of AML and confirmed it as an interesting and promising target in AML compared with the most common potential AML targets, since it is not expressed by the normal hematopoietic stem cell. After establishing the proof of concept for the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells targeting IL-1RAP in chronic myeloid leukemia, we hypothesized that third-generation IL-1RAP CAR T-cells could eliminate AML LSCs, where the medical need is not covered. Results We first demonstrated that IL-1RAP CAR T-cells can be produced from AML T-cells at the time of diagnosis and at relapse. In vitro and in vivo, we showed the effectiveness of IL-1RAP CAR T-cells against AML cell lines expressing different levels of IL-1RAP and the cytotoxicity of autologous IL-1RAP CAR T-cells against primary cells from patients with AML at diagnosis or at relapse. In patient-derived relapsed AML xenograft models, we confirmed that IL-1RAP CAR T-cells are able to circulate in peripheral blood and to migrate in the bone marrow and spleen, are cytotoxic against primary AML cells and increased overall survival. Conclusion In conclusion, our preclinical results suggest that IL-1RAP CAR T-based adoptive therapy could be a promising strategy in AML treatment and it warrants the clinical investigation of this CAR T-cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Trad
- TIMC, EFSBFC, INSERM UMR1098 RIGHT,UFC, Besancon, France
| | - Walid Warda
- TIMC, EFSBFC, INSERM UMR1098 RIGHT,UFC, Besancon, France.,CanCell Therapeutics, Besancon, France
| | | | - Mathieu Neto da Rocha
- TIMC, EFSBFC, INSERM UMR1098 RIGHT,UFC, Besancon, France.,CanCell Therapeutics, Besancon, France
| | - Ana Berceanu
- Clinical Hematology, C.H. Univ Jean Minjoz, Besancon, France
| | | | | | - Xavier Roussel
- Clinical Hematology, C.H. Univ Jean Minjoz, Besancon, France
| | | | | | - Florain Renosi
- TIMC, EFSBFC, INSERM UMR1098 RIGHT,UFC, Besancon, France
| | | | - Lucie Bouquet
- TIMC, EFSBFC, INSERM UMR1098 RIGHT,UFC, Besancon, France
| | - Sabeha Biichle
- TIMC, EFSBFC, INSERM UMR1098 RIGHT,UFC, Besancon, France
| | - Melanie Guiot
- TIMC, EFSBFC, INSERM UMR1098 RIGHT,UFC, Besancon, France
| | - Evan Seffar
- TIMC, EFSBFC, INSERM UMR1098 RIGHT,UFC, Besancon, France
| | - Denis Caillot
- Clinical Hematology, CHU François Mitterrand, Dijon, France
| | | | | | - Yahya Salma
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Clinical Hematology, C.H. Univ Jean Minjoz, Besancon, France
| | - Marina Deschamps
- TIMC, EFSBFC, INSERM UMR1098 RIGHT,UFC, Besancon, France.,CanCell Therapeutics, Besancon, France
| | - Christophe Ferrand
- TIMC, EFSBFC, INSERM UMR1098 RIGHT,UFC, Besancon, France .,CanCell Therapeutics, Besancon, France
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26
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Ruggeri A, de Wreede LC, Müller CR, Crivello P, Bonneville EF, Petersdorf EW, Socié G, Dubois V, Niittyvuopio R, Peräsaari J, Yakoub-Agha I, Cornelissen JJ, Wieten L, Gedde-Dahl T, Forcade E, Crawley CR, Marsh SG, Gandemer V, Tholouli E, Bulabois CE, Huynh A, Choi G, Deconinck E, Itäla-Remes M, Lenhoff S, Bengtsson M, Johansson JE, van Gorkom G, Hoogenboom JD, Vago L, Rocha V, Bonini C, Chabannon C, Fleischhauer K. Integrating biological HLA-DPB1 mismatch models to predict survival after unrelated hematopoietic cell transplantation. Haematologica 2022; 108:645-652. [PMID: 35546480 PMCID: PMC9890035 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.280055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Ruggeri
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Milan, Italy,Cellular Therapy and Immunobiology Working Party of the EBMT, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Pietro Crivello
- Institute for Experimental Cellular Therapy, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Juha Peräsaari
- Clinical Laboratory Services, Histocompatibility Testing, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Lotte Wieten
- Transplantation Immunology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Steven G.E. Marsh
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute and UCL Cancer Institute, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Anne Huynh
- CHU - Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Goda Choi
- University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Mats Bengtsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Luca Vago
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Milan, Italy,Cellular Therapy and Immunobiology Working Party of the EBMT, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Vanderson Rocha
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31) of the Service of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Chiara Bonini
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Milan, Italy,Cellular Therapy and Immunobiology Working Party of the EBMT, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Chabannon
- Cellular Therapy and Immunobiology Working Party of the EBMT, Leiden, the Netherlands,Institut PaoliCalmettes, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques en Biothérapie, Université d'Aix-Marseille, Inserm CBT 1409, Marseille, France
| | - Katharina Fleischhauer
- Cellular Therapy and Immunobiology Working Party of the EBMT, Leiden, The Netherlands; Institute for Experimental Cellular Therapy, University Hospital Essen, Essen.
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27
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Moraes GR, Pasquier F, Marzac C, Deconinck E, Damanti CC, Leroy G, El-Khoury M, El Nemer W, Kiladjian JJ, Raslova H, Najman A, Vainchenker W, Marty C, Bellanné-Chantelot C, Plo I. An inherited gain-of-function risk allele in EPOR predisposes to familial JAK2 V617F myeloproliferative neoplasms. Br J Haematol 2022; 198:131-136. [PMID: 35355248 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are mainly sporadic but inherited variants have been associated with higher risk development. Here, we identified an EPOR variant (EPORP488S ) in a large family diagnosed with JAK2V617F -positive polycythaemia vera (PV) or essential thrombocytosis (ET). We investigated its functional impact on JAK2V617F clonal amplification in patients and found that the variant allele fraction (VAF) was low in PV progenitors but increase strongly in mature cells. Moreover, we observed that EPORP488S alone induced a constitutive phosphorylation of STAT5 in cell lines or primary cells. Overall, this study points for searching inherited-risk alleles affecting the JAK2/STAT pathway in MPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela Rabadan Moraes
- INSERM, UMR1287, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,INSERM UMR1287, Gustave Roussy, Université de Paris, Villejuif, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Florence Pasquier
- INSERM, UMR1287, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR1287, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Christophe Marzac
- INSERM, UMR1287, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,INSERM UMR1287, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Département d'Hématologie, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Département d'Hématologie, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Carlotta Caterina Damanti
- INSERM, UMR1287, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,INSERM UMR1287, Gustave Roussy, Université de Paris, Villejuif, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Gwendoline Leroy
- Département de Génétique Médicale, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Mira El-Khoury
- INSERM, UMR1287, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,INSERM UMR1287, Gustave Roussy, Université de Paris, Villejuif, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Wassim El Nemer
- Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,UMR_S1134, BIGR, Inserm, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang PACA-Corse, Marseille, France.,EFS, CNRS, ADES, 'Biologie des Groupes Sanguins', Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Hana Raslova
- INSERM, UMR1287, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,INSERM UMR1287, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Albert Najman
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et de Thérapie Cellulaire, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - William Vainchenker
- INSERM, UMR1287, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR1287, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Caroline Marty
- INSERM, UMR1287, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR1287, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Christine Bellanné-Chantelot
- INSERM, UMR1287, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Département de Génétique Médicale, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Plo
- INSERM, UMR1287, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR1287, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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Onida F, Sbianchi G, Radujkovic A, Sockel K, Kröger N, Sierra J, Socié G, Cornelissen J, Poiré X, Raida L, Bourhis JH, Finke J, Passweg J, Salmenniemi U, Schouten HC, Beguin Y, Martin S, Deconinck E, Ganser A, Zver S, Lioure B, Rohini R, Koster L, Hayden P, Iacobelli S, Robin M, Yakoub-Agha I. Prognostic value of a new clinically-based classification system in patients with CMML undergoing allogeneic HCT: a retrospective analysis of the EBMT-CMWP. Bone Marrow Transplant 2022; 57:896-902. [PMID: 35352038 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-021-01555-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recently a new three-group clinical classification was reported by an International Consortium to stratify CMML patients with regard to prognosis. The groups were defined as follows: (1) Myelodysplastic (MD)-CMML: WBC ≤ 10 × 109/l, circulating immature myeloid cells (IMC) = 0, no splenomegaly; (2) MD/MP (overlap)-CMML: WBC 10-20 × 109/l or WBC ≤ 10 × 109/l but IMC > 0 and/or splenomegaly; (3) Myeloproliferative (MP)-CMML: WBC > 20 × 109/l. By analysing EBMT Registry patients who underwent allo-HCT for CMML between 1997 and 2016, we aimed to determine the impact of this classification on transplantation outcome and to make a comparison with the conventional WHO classification (CMML-0/CMML-1/CMML-2). Patient grouping was based on the data registered at time of transplantation, with IMC replaced by peripheral blasts. Among 151 patients included in the analysis, 38% were classified as MD-CMML, 42% as MD/MP-CMML and 20% as MP-CMML. With a median survival of 17 months in the whole series, MD-CMML patients were distinguished as a low-risk group with higher CR rate at transplant and a longer post-transplant 2-year progression-free survival in comparison to others (44.5% vs 33.5%, respectively), whereas the WHO classification was superior in identifying high-risk patients (CMML-2) with inferior survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Onida
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico-University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | - Katja Sockel
- University Hospital Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Jorge Sierra
- Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Xavier Poiré
- Cliniques Universitaires St. Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luděk Raida
- Department of Hemato-Oncology-Faculty Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jean Henri Bourhis
- Gustave Roussy, Institut de Cancérologie, Val-de-Marne, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Yves Beguin
- CHU of Liege and University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Samo Zver
- University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Linda Koster
- EBMT Data Office Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Hayden
- Department of Haematology, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
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29
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Desmedt B, Vanhamme M, Deconinck E. The purity of tattoo inks, screening substances of high concern. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 129:105123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Rebiere H, Grange Y, Deconinck E, Courselle P, Acevska J, Brezovska K, Maurin J, Rundlöf T, Portela MJ, Olsen LS, Offerlé C, Bertrand M. European fingerprint study on omeprazole drug substances using a multi analytical approach and chemometrics as a tool for the discrimination of manufacturing sources. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 208:114444. [PMID: 34773838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Like drug products, Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) are subject to substandard and falsification issues, which represent a threat to patient health. In order to monitor the quality of drug substances and prevent the use of non-compliant APIs, Official Medicine Control Laboratories work together in a European network developing coordinated strategies and programmes. The API working group proposed a market surveillance study on omeprazole and omeprazole magnesium with the objectives of controlling the pharmaceutical quality of samples, checking compliance with the monographs of the European Pharmacopoeia, and collecting analytical fingerprints that could be further used to differentiate manufacturing sources for future authenticity investigations. The study described in this article reports the analysis carried out by 7 European laboratories on 28 samples from 11 manufacturers with 5 analytical techniques (related substances with HPLC, residual solvents with GC-MS, near infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffractometry). The large amount of resulting analytical data were centralized and treated with two chemometric methods: Principal Component Analysis and Hierarchical Clustering Analysis. Data were analyzed separately and in combination (data fusion), allowing us to conclude that NMR and XRPD were suitable to differentiate samples originating from 9 out of 11 manufacturers. Analytical fingerprints associated with chemometrics were demonstrated to be a valuable methodology to discriminate manufacturers of omeprazole and omeprazole magnesium APIs and detect future substandard and falsified APIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rebiere
- French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety, ANSM, Laboratory Controls Division, 635 Rue de la Garenne, 34740 Vendargues, France.
| | - Y Grange
- French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety, ANSM, Laboratory Controls Division, 635 Rue de la Garenne, 34740 Vendargues, France; Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Working Group, GEON, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - E Deconinck
- Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Working Group, GEON, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081 Strasbourg, France; Sciensano, Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Courselle
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Acevska
- Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Working Group, GEON, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081 Strasbourg, France; Center for Drug Quality Control, Institute of applied chemistry and pharmaceutical analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Majka Tereza 47, POB 36, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - K Brezovska
- Center for Drug Quality Control, Institute of applied chemistry and pharmaceutical analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Majka Tereza 47, POB 36, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - J Maurin
- Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Working Group, GEON, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081 Strasbourg, France; National Medicines Institute, Falsified Medicines and Medical Devices Department, 30/34 Chelmska str., 00-725 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Rundlöf
- Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Working Group, GEON, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081 Strasbourg, France; Swedish Medical Products Agency, Laboratory, Box 26, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 42, SE-751 03 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M J Portela
- Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Working Group, GEON, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081 Strasbourg, France; Infarmed - National Authority of Medicines and Health Products, I.P., Parque de Saúde de Lisboa - Avenida do Brasil 53, 1749-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L S Olsen
- Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Working Group, GEON, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081 Strasbourg, France; Danish Medicines Agency, Medicines Control and Inspection Division, Axel Heides Gade 1, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - C Offerlé
- Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Working Group, GEON, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - M Bertrand
- Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Working Group, GEON, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081 Strasbourg, France
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Deconinck E, Courselle P, Raimondo M, Grange Y, Rebière H, Mihailova A, Bøyum O, Maurin JK, Pioruńska-Sędłak K, Olsen LS, Acevska J, Brezovska K, Rundlöf T, Portela MJ, Bertrand M. GEONs API fingerprint project: Selection of analytical techniques for clustering of sildenafil citrate API samples. Talanta 2021; 239:123123. [PMID: 34942486 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Through its Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Working Group (API-WG) the General European Official Medicines Control Laboratory (OMCL) Network (GEON), co-ordinated by the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare (EDQM), regularly organises market surveillance studies for specific APIs for conformity to their monograph in the European Pharmacopoeia. During the past years some studies were combined with a fingerprint study of the APIs. The idea is to obtain a fingerprint for each manufacturer of the API under investigation, allowing the OMCL network to identify future samples as well as to detect substandard and falsified APIs. This paper reports the results of the latest fingerprint study, organised on sildenafil citrate API samples. Seventy-nine samples from 14 different manufacturers were collected throughout the Network. Fingerprint data was collected through Mid-Infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, liquid chromatography for related substances, gas chromatography for residual solvents, X-ray diffraction and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Chemometrics applied to the collected data showed that all manufacturers could be discriminated based on the data of only three of these tests, i.e. gas chromatography for residual solvents, X-ray diffraction and proton NMR. Suspicious API samples for sildenafil citrate will therefore be analysed in the future with the selected techniques in order to link the sample to a manufacturer or demonstrate the absence of such link. If the sample cannot be attributed to one of the manufacturers, further analysis and research on provenance and identity will be required. Of course, if the suspected sample claims to originate from one of the manufacturers included in the study, analysis can be limited to the test distinguishing this manufacturer.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Deconinck
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 Allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - P Courselle
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Raimondo
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 Allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Chemical Medicines Unit, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Y Grange
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 Allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety, Laboratory Controls Division, 635 Rue de la Garenne, 34740, Vendargues, France
| | - H Rebière
- French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety, Laboratory Controls Division, 635 Rue de la Garenne, 34740, Vendargues, France
| | - A Mihailova
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 Allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; Norwegian Medicines Agency, Grensesvingen 26, NO-0663, Oslo, Norway
| | - O Bøyum
- Norwegian Medicines Agency, Grensesvingen 26, NO-0663, Oslo, Norway
| | - J K Maurin
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 Allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; National Medicines Institute, 30/34 Chelmska Str., 00-725, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Pioruńska-Sędłak
- National Medicines Institute, 30/34 Chelmska Str., 00-725, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Stengelshøj Olsen
- Danish Medicines Agency, Medicines Control and Inspection Division, Axel Heides Gade 1, 2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - J Acevska
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 Allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; Center for Drug Quality Control, Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Ss.Cyril and Methodius, Majka Tereza 47, POB 36, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North-Macedonia
| | - K Brezovska
- Center for Drug Quality Control, Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Ss.Cyril and Methodius, Majka Tereza 47, POB 36, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North-Macedonia
| | - T Rundlöf
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 Allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; Swedish Medical Products Agency, Laboratory, Box 26, Dag Hammarskjölds Väg 42, SE-751 03, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M J Portela
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 Allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France; INFARMED, Autoridade Nacional Do Medicamento e Produtos de Saúde, I.P. Parque de Saúde de Lisboa, Avenida Do Brasil, 531749-004, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Bertrand
- OMCL Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM - Council of Europe, 7 Allée Kastner, CS 30026, F-67081, Strasbourg, France
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Duchateau C, Canfyn M, Desmedt B, Kauffmann JM, Stévigny C, De Braekeleer K, Deconinck E. CBD oils on the Belgian market: A validated MRM GC-MS/MS method for routine quality control using QuEChERS sample clean up. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 205:114344. [PMID: 34492452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Quality control of CBD oils on the Belgium market showed that the CBD content not always corresponds to the label claim. There is a pressing need to develop new analytical methods specifically developed to the assay of such oily samples. Analytical issues are, however, encountered for routine analyses due to the matrix complexity, high cost of cannabinoid standards and low Δ9-THC concentrations. An oily matrix could cause technical damages to analytical instruments and reduce the lifetime of the chromatographic columns. This paper proposes a procedure combining a sample cleanup by QuEChERS, removing the oily matrix, followed by a validated MRM GC-MS/MS method for the routine analysis of CBD oil samples. Eighteen CBD samples were selected on the Belgium market for analysis. This method allows the quantification of CBD, the legality check for the Δ9-THC content by a CBN standard and the screening of seven other cannabinoids namely CBN, CBDV, CBT, CBC, Δ8-THC, THCV and CBG. The method was validated at three concentration levels (0.5-1-2% (w/v)) for CBD and (0.05-0.1-0.2% (w/v)) for CBN. The detection limits for CBT, CBD, CBC, Δ8-THC, CBN and for the other cannabinoids of interest, were 10 and 14 ng/mL respectively. The accuracy profile values for CBD and CBN showed that the β-expectation tolerance intervals did not exceed the acceptance limits of ± 20%, meaning that 90% of future measurements will be included within this error range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Duchateau
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) - Faculty of Pharmacy, RD3, Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, Boulevard du Triomphe, Campus Plaine, CP 205/6, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Sciensano, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Medicines and Health Products, Rue Juliette Wytsmanstraat, 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michaël Canfyn
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Medicines and Health Products, Rue Juliette Wytsmanstraat, 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Desmedt
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Medicines and Health Products, Rue Juliette Wytsmanstraat, 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Michel Kauffmann
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) - Faculty of Pharmacy, RD3, Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, Boulevard du Triomphe, Campus Plaine, CP 205/6, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Stévigny
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) - Faculty of Pharmacy, RD3, Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, Boulevard du Triomphe, Campus Plaine, CP 205/6, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kris De Braekeleer
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) - Faculty of Pharmacy, RD3, Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, Boulevard du Triomphe, Campus Plaine, CP 205/6, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) - Faculty of Pharmacy, RD3, Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, Boulevard du Triomphe, Campus Plaine, CP 205/6, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Sciensano, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Medicines and Health Products, Rue Juliette Wytsmanstraat, 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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33
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Guilhot F, Rigal-Huguet F, Guilhot J, Guerci-Bresler AP, Maloisel F, Rea D, Coiteux V, Gardembas M, Berthou C, Vekhoff A, Jourdan E, Berger M, Fouillard L, Alexis M, Legros L, Rousselot P, Delmer A, Lenain P, Escoffre Barbe M, Gyan E, Bulabois CE, Dubruille V, Joly B, Pollet B, Cony-Makhoul P, Johnson-Ansah H, Mercier M, Caillot D, Charbonnier A, Kiladjian JJ, Chapiro J, Penot A, Dorvaux V, Vaida I, Santagostino A, Roy L, Zerazhi H, Deconinck E, Maisonneuve H, Plantier I, Lebon D, Arkam Y, Cambier N, Ghomari K, Miclea JM, Glaisner S, Cayuela JM, Chomel JC, Muller M, Lhermitte L, Delord M, Preudhomme C, Etienne G, Mahon FX, Nicolini FE. Long-term outcome of imatinib 400 mg compared to imatinib 600 mg or imatinib 400 mg daily in combination with cytarabine or pegylated interferon alpha 2a for chronic myeloid leukaemia: results from the French SPIRIT phase III randomised trial. Leukemia 2021; 35:2332-2345. [PMID: 33483613 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-01117-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The STI571 prospective randomised trial (SPIRIT) French trial is a four-arm study comparing imatinib (IM) 400 mg versus IM 600 mg, IM 400 mg + cytarabine (AraC), and IM 400 mg + pegylated interferon alpha2a (PegIFN-α2a) for the front-line treatment of chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Long-term analyses included overall and progression-free survival, molecular responses to treatment, and severe adverse events. Starting in 2003, the trial included 787 evaluable patients. The median overall follow-up of the patients was 13.5 years (range 3 months to 16.7 years). Based on intention-to-treat analyses, at 15 years, overall and progression-free survival were similar across arms: 85%, 83%, 80%, and 82% and 84%, 87%, 79%, and 79% for the IM 400 mg (N = 223), IM 600 mg (N = 171), IM 400 mg + AraC (N = 172), and IM 400 mg + PegIFN-α2a (N = 221) arms, respectively. The rate of major molecular response at 12 months and deep molecular response (MR4) over time were significantly higher with the combination IM 400 mg + PegIFN-α2a than with IM 400 mg: p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0035, respectively. Progression to advanced phases and secondary malignancies were the most frequent causes of death. Toxicity was the main reason for stopping AraC or PegIFN-α2a treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Delphine Rea
- Department of Hematology, Hopital Saint-Louis, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Coiteux
- Clinical Hematology Department, Hospital Claude Huriez, CHRU, Lille, France
| | | | | | - Anne Vekhoff
- Clinical Hematology Department, Hospital St Antoine, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Eric Jourdan
- Hématologie Clinique, Institut de Cancérologie du Gard, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Marc Berger
- Hematologie Biologique, CHU Estaing, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | | | - Magda Alexis
- Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Grand Hôpital de l'EST Francilien, Meaux, France
| | - Laurence Legros
- Department of Haematology, Hopital Paul Brousse, AP-HP, INSERM UMRS-MD1197, Villejuif, France
| | - Philippe Rousselot
- Hematology Department, Division of Innovative Therapies, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Versailles and Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Alain Delmer
- Clinical Hematology Department, CHU, Reims, France
| | - Pascal Lenain
- Clinical Hematology Department, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | | | - Emmanuel Gyan
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | | | | | - Bertrand Joly
- Hématologie Clinique, CH Sud Francilien, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Bertrand Pollet
- Hématologie Clinique, CH Boulogne sur mer, Boulogne sur mer, France
| | | | | | - Melanie Mercier
- Service d'Dématologie Médecine Interne Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Bretagne Atlantique Vannes, Vannes, France
| | - Denis Caillot
- Hématologie Clinique, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Aude Charbonnier
- Clinical Hematology Department, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jacques Chapiro
- Service Hématologie Clinique, Hopitaux Civiles de Colmar, Colmar, France
| | - Amélie Penot
- Service Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, CHU Limoges, Limoges, France
| | | | - Iona Vaida
- Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier René-Dubois, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | | | - Lydia Roy
- Clinical Hematology Department, Hop Henri Mondor, APHP, UPEC, Créteil, France
| | - Hacene Zerazhi
- Service Oncologie Médicale et Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Henri Duffaut, Avignon, France
| | | | | | | | - Delphine Lebon
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique CHU Amiens-Picardie, Amiens-Picardie, France
| | - Yazid Arkam
- Service d'Hématologie GHR Mulhouse, Mulhouse, France
| | | | - Kamel Ghomari
- Service d'Hématologie-Oncologie CH Beauvais, Beauvais, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Marc Muller
- Laboratoire de Génétique, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Ludovic Lhermitte
- Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Marc Delord
- Clinical Research Department, Hôpital André Mignot, Versailles, France
| | | | - Gabriel Etienne
- Clinical Hematology Department, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
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Blanckaert P, Balcaen M, Vanhee C, Risseeuw M, Canfyn M, Desmedt B, Van Calenbergh S, Deconinck E. Analytical characterization of "etonitazepyne," a new pyrrolidinyl-containing 2-benzylbenzimidazole opioid sold online. Drug Test Anal 2021; 13:1627-1634. [PMID: 34145779 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports on the identification and full chemical characterization of the substance colloquially called "etonitazepyne" or "N-pyrrolidino etonitazene" (2-(4-ethoxybenzyl)-5-nitro-1-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole), a potent NPS opioid of the 5-nitrobenzimidazole class. Identification of etonitazepyne was performed, on a sample purchased during routine monitoring of the drug market, using GC-MS, HRAM LC-MS/MS, 1 H NMR, and FTIR. The chromatographic data, together with the FTIR data, indicated the presence of a highly pure compound and already indicated a benzimidazole structure. The specific benzimidazole regio-isomer was confirmed using 1 H NMR spectroscopy, resulting in the unambiguous identification of etonitazepyne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Blanckaert
- Belgian Early Warning System Drugs, Lifestyle and Chronic Diseases, Scientific Direction Epidemiology, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Margot Balcaen
- Belgian Early Warning System Drugs, Lifestyle and Chronic Diseases, Scientific Direction Epidemiology, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Vanhee
- Laboratory for Medicines and Health Care Products, Scientific Direction of Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martijn Risseeuw
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michaël Canfyn
- Laboratory for Medicines and Health Care Products, Scientific Direction of Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Desmedt
- Laboratory for Medicines and Health Care Products, Scientific Direction of Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge Van Calenbergh
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Laboratory for Medicines and Health Care Products, Scientific Direction of Physical and Chemical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
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Barhdadi S, Canfyn M, El Merabety S, Courselle P, Rogiers V, Vanhaecke T, Deconinck E. Development of a “Freeze-Pour” Sample Preparation Method for the GC Analysis of Semivolatile Flavouring Chemicals Present in E-cigarette Refill Liquids. LCGC Eur 2021. [DOI: 10.56530/lcgc.eu.nf5078t7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
During the past decade, e-cigarettes have become increasingly popular. To guarantee their safe use and to comply with the notification requirements of the EU Tobacco Product Directive, the EU member state regulatory authorities need information about the exact composition of the e-liquids and their emissions. However, one of the challenges encountered during the analysis of e-liquids is the presence of the highly abundant e-liquid matrix components propylene glycol and glycerol. In this study, headspace gas chromatography (HS-GC) analysis is presented as an excellent method for the analysis of high volatile components in e-liquids. For the analysis of semivolatile ingredients, an additional sample preparation step is proposed based on a liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) followed by a freeze-out of the matrix components. The developed method was successfully validated in accordance with the validation requirements of ICH guidelines for the quantification of four flavourings with a potential health concern for e-cigarette users.
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36
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Solano M, Daguindau E, Faure C, Loriod P, Pain C, Maes AC, Marguet P, Kroemer M, Rumpler A, Fontan J, Deconinck E, Limat S, Clairet AL. Oral therapy adherence and satisfaction in patients with multiple myeloma. Ann Hematol 2021; 100:1803-1813. [PMID: 33938996 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-021-04543-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The transition to oral therapies in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) offers potential benefits to patients; however, they must self-manage their medication and adherence plays an important role in patient care. It has been shown that patient satisfaction with their medication has a strong positive correlation with adherence in chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to estimate adherence rate of oral antimyeloma therapies and to identify risk factors for medication non-adherence. This observational, prospective, and multicentre survey based on a self-report questionnaire enrolled MM patients with at least 3 months of oral therapy. The 6-item Girerd scale and the medication possession ratio (MPR) were used for measuring medication adherence and the SATMED-Q® questionnaire was used for measuring satisfaction. An analysis of risk factors for non-adherence to oral therapy was performed using univariate analysis. A total of 101 patients participated in the survey, yielding a response rate of 87%. The prevalence of adherence to oral antimyeloma therapy was estimated at 51.5% using the Girerd questionnaire. According to the MPR, adherence was evaluated at 96% (i.e. MPR ≥ 0.80). Both methods combined, adherence was estimated at 50.5%. One risk factor for medication non-adherence was identified: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status > 2 (p = 0.007). One predictive factor for high medication adherence was identified: high satisfaction with treatment (p = 0.01). Identifying patients at higher risk for non-adherence allows clinical pharmacists to personalise therapeutic information and education and to improve the quality of healthcare overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Solano
- Pharmacy Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France.
| | - Etienne Daguindau
- Hematology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France.,Interaction Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire Et Génique, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR 1098, Besançon, France
| | - Cyril Faure
- Internal Medicine Department, Groupe Hospitalier de La Haute-Saône, Hospital of Haute Saone, Vesoul, France
| | - Pierre Loriod
- Hematology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Coline Pain
- Pharmacy Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Anne-Cécile Maes
- Internal Medicine Department, Groupe Hospitalier de La Haute-Saône, Hospital of Haute Saone, Vesoul, France
| | - Pauline Marguet
- Pharmacy Department, Centre Hospitalier Général Louis Pasteur, Hospital of Dole, Dole, France
| | - Marie Kroemer
- Pharmacy Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France.,Interaction Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire Et Génique, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR 1098, Besançon, France
| | - Anne Rumpler
- Hematology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Jean Fontan
- Hematology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Hematology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France.,Interaction Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire Et Génique, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR 1098, Besançon, France
| | - Samuel Limat
- Pharmacy Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France.,Interaction Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire Et Génique, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR 1098, Besançon, France
| | - Anne-Laure Clairet
- Pharmacy Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France.,Interaction Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire Et Génique, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR 1098, Besançon, France
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Kharfan-Dabaja MA, Labopin M, Brissot E, Kroger N, Finke J, Ciceri F, Deconinck E, Blaise D, Chevallier P, Gramatzki M, Ganser A, Stelljes M, Edinger M, Savani B, Ruggeri A, Sanz J, Nagler A, Mohty M. Second allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation using HLA-matched unrelated versus T-cell replete haploidentical donor and survival in relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2021; 193:592-601. [PMID: 33838047 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Optimal donor choice for a second allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplant (allo-HCT) in relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) remains unknown. We compared overall survival (OS) using registry data from the Acute Leukemia Working Party (ALWP) of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) involving 455 adults who received a second allo-HCT from a human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-matched unrelated (MUD) (n = 320) or a haploidentical (n = 135) donor. Eligibility criteria required adults aged ≥18 years who received a second allo-HCT for treating AML relapse between 2005 and 2019. The primary end-point was OS. There was no statistically significant difference in the median (interquartile range) age between the groups, MUD 46 (35-58) versus haploidentical 44 (33-53) years (P = 0·07). The median OS was not different between the MUD and the haploidentical groups (10 vs. 11 months, P = 0·57). Similarly, the 2-year OS was 31% for the MUD and 29% for the haploidentical donor groups. The OS was worse if the procedure was performed with active AML [hazard ratio (HR) 1·42, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·07-1·89; P = 0·02]. Conversely, a longer time from first allo-HCT to relapse (>13·2 months) was associated with better OS (HR 0·50, 95% CI 0·37-0·69; P < 0·0001). The results of the present analysis limit the ability to recommend one donor type over another when considering a second allo-HCT for relapsed AML. Our findings highlight that best OS is achieved when receiving the second allo-HCT in complete remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Kharfan-Dabaja
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Myriam Labopin
- Department of Hematology, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Sorbonne University and INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France
| | - Eolia Brissot
- Department of Hematology, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Sorbonne University and INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France
| | - Nicolaus Kroger
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Centre, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Finke
- Department of Medicine I, Hematology, Oncology, Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Ospedale San Raffaele s.r.l., Haematology and BMT, Milan, Italy
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Service d'Hématologie, Centre hopitalier universitaire Besancon, Besancon, France
| | - Didier Blaise
- Institut Paoli Calmettes, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CRCM, Marseille, France
| | - Patrice Chevallier
- Department of D'Hematologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Martin Gramatzki
- División of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Arnold Ganser
- Department of Haematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Stelljes
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Matthias Edinger
- Department of Hematology and Oncology and RCI, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bipin Savani
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Annalisa Ruggeri
- Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Jaime Sanz
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avinguda Fernando Abril Martorell, Valencia, Spain
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,Acute Leukemia Working Party (ALWP) of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) Office, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Mohamad Mohty
- Department of Hematology, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Sorbonne University and INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France.,Acute Leukemia Working Party (ALWP) of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) Office, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
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38
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Chevallier P, Berceanu A, Peterlin P, Garnier A, Le Bourgeois A, Imbert BM, Daguindau E, Mahé B, Dubruille V, Blin N, Touzeau C, Gastinne T, Lok A, Tessoulin B, Vantyghem S, Desbrosses Y, Bressollette C, Duquesne A, Eveillard M, Le Bris Y, Dormoy A, Malugani C, Deconinck E, Moreau P, Le Gouill S, Béné MC, Guillaume T. Grade 2 acute GVHD is a factor of good prognosis in patients receiving peripheral blood stem cells haplo-transplant with post-transplant cyclophosphamide. Acta Oncol 2021; 60:466-474. [PMID: 33112687 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2020.1837947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) on survivals for patients receiving a haploidentical allogeneic stem-cell transplant (Allo-SCT) with peripheral blood stem-cells (PBSC) complemented by post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCY) is ill-known. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study included 131 patients who received a PBSC haplograft in order to precise the impact of acute GVHD on outcomes. There were 78 males and 53 females and the median age for the whole cohort was 59 years (range: 20-71). Thirty-five patients were allografted for a lymphoid disease and 96 for a myeloid malignancy, including 67 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). RESULTS The cumulative incidence (CI) of day 100 grade 2-4 and 3-4 acute GVHD was 43.4 + 4.6% and 16.7 + 3.4%, respectively. The 2-year CI of moderate/severe chronic GVHD was 10.1 + 2.8%. The only factor affecting the occurrence of GVHD was GVHD prophylaxis. Indeed, CI of day 100 grade 2-4 (but not grade 3-4) acute GVHD was significantly reduced when adding anti-thymoglobulin (ATG) to PTCY. However, in multivariate analysis, grade 2 acute GVHD was significantly associated with better disease-free (HR: 0.36; 95%CI: 0.19-0.69, p = .002) and overall (HR: 0.35; 95%CI: 0.1-0.70, p = .003) survivals. The same results were observed when considering only AML patients. CONCLUSION Acute grade 2 GVHD is a factor of good prognosis after PBSC haplotransplant with PTCY. Further and larger studies are needed to clarify the complex question of GVHD prophylaxis in the setting of haplo-transplant, especially that of combining ATG and PTCY.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alice Garnier
- Hematology Department, CHU Hotel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | | | | | | | - Béatrice Mahé
- Hematology Department, CHU Hotel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | | | - Nicolas Blin
- Hematology Department, CHU Hotel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Anne Lok
- Hematology Department, CHU Hotel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Alix Duquesne
- Cellular Engineering Unit, EFS Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France
| | | | - Yannick Le Bris
- Hematology/Biology Department, CHU Hotel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Anne Dormoy
- EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | | | - Eric Deconinck
- Hematology Department, CHU, Besançon, France
- Université de Franche-Comté, Inserm UMR1098 RIGHT, Besançon, France
| | | | | | - Marie C. Béné
- Hematology/Biology Department, CHU Hotel-Dieu, Nantes, France
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39
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Barhdadi S, Moens G, Canfyn M, Vanhee C, Desmedt B, Courselle P, Rogiers V, Vanhaecke T, Deconinck E. Impact of the Revised European Tobacco Product Directive on the Quality of E-cigarette Refill Liquids in Belgium. Nicotine Tob Res 2021; 23:227-234. [PMID: 31993641 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since its introduction, the e-cigarette has become a commonly used consumer product. In this study, we investigate whether regulatory changes had an impact on the quality of refill liquids (e-liquids) available on the Belgian market through analysis of their chemical composition. Hence, the nicotine concentration accuracy was investigated in samples before, during and after the implementation of the revised Tobacco Product Directive (TPD) as an indicator of good manufacturing practices. This is, however, not enough to assure the quality. Therefore, extra criteria were also assessed based on TPD requirements. METHODS By using in-house validated methods, a total of 246 e-liquids purchased prior (2013-2015), during (2016) and after (2017-2018) the implementation of the TPD revisions, were analyzed for the presence of nicotine, nicotine-related impurities, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), caffeine and taurine, and the flavors diacetyl and acetylpropionyl. RESULTS Although not all manufacturers managed to produce and label their products accurately, nicotine labeling discrepancies have decreased over time. Moreover, also the number of e-liquids, containing high-risk VOCs (10% in 2016 vs. none of the samples in 2017-2018), caffeine (16% in 2017 vs. 5% in 2018), and diacetyl and acetylpropionyl (50% in 2017 vs. 27% in 2018 of sweet-flavored samples) diminished over time. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that the overall quality of the e-liquids has improved after the implementation of the revised TPD. However, the results also show that periodic quality control might be required to ensure further compliance to the TPD. IMPLICATIONS This study clearly demonstrates that the implementation of the revised TPD has improved the quality of the e-liquids on the Belgian market. However, there are still e-liquids that are not in agreement with the TPD due to nicotine concentration label discrepancies, presence of e-liquid impurities and controversial flavors diacetyl and acetylpropionyl or the additive caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Barhdadi
- Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicines and Pharmacy, Department In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Goedele Moens
- Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael Canfyn
- Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Celine Vanhee
- Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Desmedt
- Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patricia Courselle
- Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vera Rogiers
- Faculty of Medicines and Pharmacy, Department In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tamara Vanhaecke
- Faculty of Medicines and Pharmacy, Department In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
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40
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Cannaert A, Hulpia F, Risseeuw M, Van Uytfanghe K, Deconinck E, Van Calenbergh S, Blanckaert P, Stove C. Report on a New Opioid NPS: Chemical and In Vitro Functional Characterization of a Structural Isomer of the MT-45 Derivative Diphenpipenol. J Anal Toxicol 2021; 45:134-140. [PMID: 32514558 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkaa066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the identification and full characterization of a novel non-fentanyl opioid sourced online, which is a member of the 1-substituted-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine derivatives related to MT-45, is reported. The sample was sold under the name "diphenpipenol," (3-[2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-phenylethyl]phenol), although extensive NMR analysis showed that the product obtained was actually a diphenpipenol structural isomer, (2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1,2-diphenylethanol). Liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry identified an exact mass for the protonated molecule of m/z 389.2264, with two prominent fragment ions (m/z 91.0567 and 150.0937), which were not reported in earlier literature describing MT-45 derivatives. The chemical characterization was finalized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detector and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses. This product is a clear example of the trend that new non-fentanyl opioids are reappearing on the recreational drug market to escape the recent changes in (inter)national legislation concerning fentanyl analogues. Although in this particular case, the product's potency and efficacy were relatively low, other new non-fentanyl opioids might possess stronger potencies and therefore pose greater health risks for ignorant users. The fact that the product was sold under the wrong name further demonstrates the well-known problematic issue of a mismatch between the adverted and true identity, confirming the irregularities of the online new psychoactive substances market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies Cannaert
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fabian Hulpia
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martijn Risseeuw
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katleen Van Uytfanghe
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Section of Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 9050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge Van Calenbergh
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Blanckaert
- Belgian Early Warning System Drugs, Substance Use and Related Disorders, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 9050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Stove
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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41
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Santoro N, Mauff K, Devillier R, Castagna L, Gülbas Z, Diez-Martin JL, Bermúdez A, Arroyo CH, Deconinck E, Sierra J, Abecasis M, Ozdogu H, Mico MC, Rocha V, Guyotat D, Chalandon Y, Forcade E, Martin H, Saccardi R, Giebel S, Di Ianni M, Hoogenboom J, de Wreede LC, Ruggeri A, Chabannon C. DONOR Lymphocyte Infusions after Haploidentical STEM Cell Transplantation with Ptcy: A Study on Behalf of the Ctiwp of the EBMT. Transplant Cell Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-6367(21)00246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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42
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Poussard M, Philippe L, Fredon M, Bôle‐Richard E, Biichle S, Renosi F, Perrin S, Kroemer M, Limat S, Bonnefoy F, Daguindau E, Deconinck E, Gruson B, Saas P, Adotévi O, Garnache‐Ottou F, Angelot‐Delettre F. BPDCN: When polychemotherapy does not compromise allogeneic CD123 CAR‐T cell cytotoxicity. eJHaem 2021; 2:125-130. [PMID: 35846081 PMCID: PMC9176134 DOI: 10.1002/jha2.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare hematological malignancy with poor prognosis and no treatment consensus. Combining chemotherapy and immunotherapy is a promising strategy to enhance therapeutic effect. Before combining these therapies, the influence of one on the other has to be explored. We set up a model to test the combination of polychemotherapy ‐ named methotrexate, idarubicine, dexamethasone, and L‐asparaginase (MIDA) ‐ and CD123 CAR‐T cell therapy. We showed that CD123 CAR‐T cells exert the same effect on BPDCN models alone, or after MIDA regimen. These data support a preclinical rationale to use immunotherapy after a treatment with polychemotherapy for BPDCN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Poussard
- INSERM EFS BFC UMR1098 RIGHT Interactions Greffon‐Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique Univ. Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
| | - Laure Philippe
- Service d'hématologie CH Annecy Genevois Metz‐Tessy France
| | - Maxime Fredon
- INSERM EFS BFC UMR1098 RIGHT Interactions Greffon‐Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique Univ. Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
| | - Elodie Bôle‐Richard
- INSERM EFS BFC UMR1098 RIGHT Interactions Greffon‐Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique Univ. Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
| | - Sabeha Biichle
- INSERM EFS BFC UMR1098 RIGHT Interactions Greffon‐Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique Univ. Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
| | - Florian Renosi
- INSERM EFS BFC UMR1098 RIGHT Interactions Greffon‐Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique Univ. Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
| | - Sophie Perrin
- Pharmacy Department,CHRU Besançon University Hospital of Besançon Besançon France
| | - Marie Kroemer
- Pharmacy Department,CHRU Besançon University Hospital of Besançon Besançon France
| | - Samuel Limat
- Pharmacy Department,CHRU Besançon University Hospital of Besançon Besançon France
| | - Francis Bonnefoy
- INSERM EFS BFC UMR1098 RIGHT Interactions Greffon‐Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique Univ. Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
| | - Etienne Daguindau
- INSERM EFS BFC UMR1098 RIGHT Interactions Greffon‐Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique Univ. Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
- Service d'hématologie CHRU Besançon Besançon France
| | - Eric Deconinck
- INSERM EFS BFC UMR1098 RIGHT Interactions Greffon‐Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique Univ. Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
- Service d'hématologie CHRU Besançon Besançon France
| | | | - Philippe Saas
- INSERM EFS BFC UMR1098 RIGHT Interactions Greffon‐Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique Univ. Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
| | - Olivier Adotévi
- INSERM EFS BFC UMR1098 RIGHT Interactions Greffon‐Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique Univ. Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
- Service d'oncologie médicale CHRU Besançon Besançon France
| | - Francine Garnache‐Ottou
- INSERM EFS BFC UMR1098 RIGHT Interactions Greffon‐Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique Univ. Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
- Laboratoire d'hématologie Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
| | - Fanny Angelot‐Delettre
- INSERM EFS BFC UMR1098 RIGHT Interactions Greffon‐Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique Univ. Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
- Laboratoire d'Immuno‐hématologie Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
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Cesaro S, Tridello G, Knelange NS, Blijlevens N, Martin M, Snowden JA, Malladi R, Ljungman P, Deconinck E, Gedde-Dahl T, Byrne J, Xhaard A, Chevallier P, Maertens J, Zuckerman T, Lioure B, Petersen E, Cornelissen JJ, Arcese W, Blaise D, Milpied N, Cahn JY, Aljurf M, de Wreede L, Mauro M, de la Camara R, Averbuch D, Mikulska M, Styczynski J. Impact of early candidemia on the long-term outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant in non-leukemic patients: an outcome analysis on behalf of IDWP-EBMT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2021; 56:1563-1572. [PMID: 33514919 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-021-01212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the incidence and outcome of early candidemia after hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The analysis included all first HSCTs performed from 2000 to 2015 in adult and pediatric patients with a non-leukemic disease and recorded in the EBMT registry. Overall survival (OS), non-relapse mortality (NRM), and relapse mortality (RM) were evaluated. Candidemia was diagnosed in 420 of 49,852 patients at a median time of 17 days post HSCT (range 0-100), the cumulative incidence being 0.85%. In 65.5% of episodes, candidemia occurred by day 30 after HSCT. The mortality rate by day 7 was 6.2%, whereas 100-day NRM was higher (HR 3.47, p < 0.0001), and 100-day OS was lower (HR 3.22, p < 0.0001) than that of patients without candidemia. After a median follow-up of 4.3 years, 5-year OS, NRM, and RM for patients with and without candidemia were 50.5% vs. 60.8%, p < 0.0001, 28.2% vs.18.8%, p < 0.0001, and 25.3% vs. 27.2%, p = 0.4, respectively. In conclusion, in non-leukemic transplant patients, the occurrence of an early episode of candidemia is rare but it is still associated with a negative effect on the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Cesaro
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Gloria Tridello
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | | - John A Snowden
- Department of Haematology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ram Malladi
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Per Ljungman
- Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Jennifer Byrne
- Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Bruno Lioure
- Techniciens d'Etude Clinique suivi de patients greffes, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eefke Petersen
- University Medical Centre Regensburg, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - William Arcese
- Hematopoietic Stem cell Transplant Unit, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Didier Blaise
- Programme de Transplantation &Therapie Cellulaire, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jean Yves Cahn
- CHU Grenoble Alpes-Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Mahmoud Aljurf
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Margherita Mauro
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Diana Averbuch
- 5Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Jan Styczynski
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Collegium Medicum UMK Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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44
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Bellanger AP, Tatoyan N, Monnot T, Deconinck E, Scherer E, Montange D, Bichard D, Millon L, Gbaguidi-Haore H, Berceanu A. Investigating the impact of posaconazole prophylaxis on systematic fungal screening using galactomannan antigen, Aspergillus fumigatus qPCR, and Mucorales qPCR. J Mycol Med 2021; 31:101117. [PMID: 33610794 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2021.101117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Natacha Tatoyan
- Parasitology Mycology Department, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Tess Monnot
- Pharmacy Department, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Hematology Department, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Emeline Scherer
- Parasitology Mycology Department, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Damien Montange
- Pharmacology Department, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Damien Bichard
- Pharmacy Department, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Laurence Millon
- Parasitology Mycology Department, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | | | - Ana Berceanu
- Hematology Department, University Hospital, Besançon, France
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45
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Deconinck E, Vanhee C, Keizers P, Guinot P, Mihailova A, Syversen PV, Li-Ship G, Young S, Blazewicz A, Poplawska M, Al-Sayed JL, Stengelshøj Olsen L, El-Atma O, Leist R, Jönsson KH, Afxentiou M, Barrios MM, Diaz ID, Zemser M, Kozokin A, Hackl A, Portela MJ, Beerbaum N, Bertrand M. The occurrence of non-anatomical therapeutic chemical-international nonproprietary name molecules in suspected illegal or illegally traded health products in Europe: A retrospective and prospective study. Drug Test Anal 2021; 13:833-840. [PMID: 33453144 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The General European Official Medicines Control Laboratory (OMCL) Network (GEON), co-ordinated by the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare (EDQM), regularly organises market surveillance studies on specific categories of suspected illegal or illegally traded products. These studies are generally based on a combination of retrospective and prospective data collection over a defined period of time. This paper reports the results of the most recent study in this context with the focus on health products containing non-Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical-International Nonproprietary Name (ATC-INN) molecules. In total 1104 cases were reported by 16 countries for the period between January 2017 and the end of September 2019. The vast majority of these samples (83%) were collected from the illegal market, while only 3% originated from a legal source. For the rest of the samples, categorisation was not possible. Moreover, 69% of all the reported samples were presented as medicines, including sexual performance enhancers, sports performance enhancers, physical performance enhancers and cognitive enhancers or nootropic molecules that act on the central nervous system (CNS). Although the popularity of anabolics, PDE-5 inhibitors and CNS drugs in illegal products has already been reported, the study showed some new trends and challenges. Indeed, 11% of the samples contained molecules of biological origin, that is, research peptides, representing the second most reported category in this study. Furthermore, the study also clearly shows the increasing popularity of Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators and nootropics, two categories that need attention and should be further monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Deconinck
- OMCL Falsified Medicines Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM-Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.,Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Celine Vanhee
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter Keizers
- OMCL Falsified Medicines Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM-Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.,Department of Product Composition, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Pauline Guinot
- OMCL Falsified Medicines Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM-Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.,Laboratory Controls Division, French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety, Vendargues, France
| | - Albena Mihailova
- Laboratory, Division Reliable Supply, Norwegian Medicines Agency, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Vidar Syversen
- OMCL Falsified Medicines Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM-Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.,Laboratory, Division Reliable Supply, Norwegian Medicines Agency, Oslo, Norway
| | - Graziella Li-Ship
- OMCL Falsified Medicines Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM-Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.,Inspections, Enforcement and Standards Division, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, London, UK
| | - Steven Young
- Inspections, Enforcement and Standards Division, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, London, UK
| | - Agata Blazewicz
- OMCL Falsified Medicines Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM-Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.,Falsified Medicines and medical Devices Department, National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Poplawska
- Falsified Medicines and medical Devices Department, National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Lone Stengelshøj Olsen
- OMCL Falsified Medicines Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM-Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.,Medicines Control and Inspection Division, Danish Medicines Agency, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oliver El-Atma
- Medicinal Products, Chemical and Veterinary Investigation Office, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Roman Leist
- OMCL Falsified Medicines Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM-Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.,OMCL, Swissmedic, Swiss Agency for Therapeutic Products, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Karl-Henrik Jönsson
- OMCL Falsified Medicines Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM-Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.,Laboratory Department, Swedish Medical Products Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Afxentiou
- OMCL Falsified Medicines Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM-Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.,Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, State General Laboratory, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - M Mendoza Barrios
- OMCL Falsified Medicines Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM-Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.,Chemical and Pharmaceutical Division, Medicines for Human Use Department, Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Madrid, Spain
| | - I Dorronsoro Diaz
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Division, Medicines for Human Use Department, Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Zemser
- OMCL Falsified Medicines Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM-Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.,Institute of Standardization and Control of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Health Israel, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alla Kozokin
- Institute of Standardization and Control of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Health Israel, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Andreas Hackl
- OMCL Falsified Medicines Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM-Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.,Institute Assessment & Analytics, Analytics of chemical-pharmaceutical Medicinal Products, AGES-Österreichische Agentur für Gesundheit und Ernährungssicherheit GmbH, Wien, Austria
| | - Maria-Jao Portela
- OMCL Falsified Medicines Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM-Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.,Direção de Comprovação da Qualidade, INFARMED-Autoridade Nacional do Medicamento e Produtos de Saúde, I.P., Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nico Beerbaum
- Institut für Lebensmittel, Arzneimittel, Tierseuchen und Umwelt, Landeslabor Berlin-Brandenburg, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Bertrand
- OMCL Falsified Medicines Working Group, GEON Network, EDQM-Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France
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46
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Barhdadi S, Moens G, Canfyn M, Vanhee C, Desmedt B, Courselle P, Rogiers V, Vanhaecke T, Deconinck E. Corrigendum to: Impact of the Revised European Tobacco Product Directive on the Quality of E-cigarette Refill Liquids in Belgium. Nicotine Tob Res 2021; 23:235. [PMID: 32756875 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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47
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Roussel X, Daguindau E, Berceanu A, Desbrosses Y, Warda W, Neto da Rocha M, Trad R, Deconinck E, Deschamps M, Ferrand C. Acute Myeloid Leukemia: From Biology to Clinical Practices Through Development and Pre-Clinical Therapeutics. Front Oncol 2020; 10:599933. [PMID: 33363031 PMCID: PMC7757414 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.599933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have provided several insights into acute myeloid leukemia. Studies based on molecular biology have identified eight functional mutations involved in leukemogenesis, including driver and passenger mutations. Insight into Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) and assessment of cell surface markers have enabled characterization of LSCs from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Clonal evolution has been described as having an effect similar to that of microenvironment alterations. Such biological findings have enabled the development of new targeted drugs, including drug inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies with blockage functions. Some recently approved targeted drugs have resulted in new therapeutic strategies that enhance standard intensive chemotherapy regimens as well as supportive care regimens. Besides the progress made in adoptive immunotherapy, since allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation enabled the development of new T-cell transfer therapies, such as chimeric antigen receptor T-cell and transgenic TCR T-cell engineering, new promising strategies that are investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Roussel
- Inserm EFS BFC, UMR1098 RIGHT, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Etienne Daguindau
- Inserm EFS BFC, UMR1098 RIGHT, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Ana Berceanu
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Yohan Desbrosses
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Walid Warda
- Inserm EFS BFC, UMR1098 RIGHT, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | | | - Rim Trad
- Inserm EFS BFC, UMR1098 RIGHT, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Inserm EFS BFC, UMR1098 RIGHT, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Marina Deschamps
- Inserm EFS BFC, UMR1098 RIGHT, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Christophe Ferrand
- Inserm EFS BFC, UMR1098 RIGHT, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
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48
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Paviglianiti A, Labopin M, Blaise D, Socié G, Bulabois CE, Lioure B, Ceballos P, Blau IW, Guillerm G, Maertens J, Chevallier P, Huynh A, Turlure P, Deconinck E, Forcade E, Nagler A, Mohty M. Comparison of mycophenolate mofetil and calcineurin inhibitor versus calcineurin inhibitor-based graft-versus-host-disease prophylaxis for matched unrelated donor transplant in acute myeloid leukemia. A study from the ALWP of the EBMT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2020; 56:1077-1085. [PMID: 33249424 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-020-01155-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The association of Cyclosporine A (CsA) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has increased in the setting of reduced intensity conditioning (RIC). Nevertheless, the use of CsA or CsA+MMF has not been reported in a large and uniform cohort. We analyzed 497 patients with acute myeloid leukemia in complete remission (CR) who underwent matched unrelated donor (MUD) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). All patients received a fludarabine busulfan RIC regimen and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) with either CsA alone or in combination with MMF. The cumulative incidence (CI) of grade II-IV acute GvHD was 27% (95% CI 21-33%) for CsA and 33% (95% CI 27-38%) for CsA+MMF (p = 0.25). The 2-year CI of chronic GvHD was 38% (95% CI 31-45%) and 33% (95% CI 28-39%) for the CsA and the CsA+MMF group, respectively (p = 0.26). On multivariate analysis, no statistically significant differences with respect to relapse incidence (RI), non-relapse mortality (NRM), leukemia-free survival (LFS), overall survival (OS), acute and chronic GvHD were found between the two groups, also when conducting a subgroup analysis in peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) recipients. Our results support the importance of randomized trial to identify patients who could benefit from the addition of MMF in MUD HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Paviglianiti
- Sorbonne University, Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France.
| | - Myriam Labopin
- Sorbonne University, Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France
| | - Didier Blaise
- Programme de Transplantation & Thérapie Cellulaire, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Gerard Socié
- Hopital St. Louis, Department of Hematology - BMT, Paris, France
| | - Claude Eric Bulabois
- CHU Grenoble Alpes - Université Grenoble Alpes, Service d'Hématologie, Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno Lioure
- Hopital de Hautepierre, CHU de Strasbourg, Service Hématologie adulte, F-67200, Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrice Ceballos
- CHU Lapeyronie, Département d'Hématologie Clinique, Montpellier, France
| | - Igor Wolfgang Blau
- Charité Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Medizinische Klinik m. S. Hämatologie/Onkologie, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Johan Maertens
- University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Department of Hematology, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Anne Huynh
- CHU - Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse, Oncopole, I.U.C.T-O, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Turlure
- CHRU Limoges Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Limoges, France
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Hopital Jean Minjoz, Service d'Hématologie, Besancon, France
| | - Edouard Forcade
- CHU Bordeaux, Service d'hematologie et thérapie Cellulaire, F-, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Acute Leukemia Working Party Office, Paris, France
| | - Mohamad Mohty
- Sorbonne University, Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France
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49
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Deconinck E, Aït-Kaci C, Raes A, Canfyn M, Bothy JL, Duchateau C, Mees C, De Braekeleer K, Gremaux L, Blanckaert P. An infrared spectroscopic approach to characterise white powders, easily applicable in the context of drug checking, drug prevention and on-site analysis. Drug Test Anal 2020; 13:679-693. [PMID: 33197122 DOI: 10.1002/dta.2973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
More and more events, such as the summer music festivals, are considering the possibilities for implementing on-site testing of psychoactive drugs in the context of prevention and harm reduction. Although the on-site identification is already implemented by plenty of drug checking services, the required rapid quantitative dosing of the composition of illicit substances is still a missing aspect for a successful harm reduction strategy at events. In this paper, an approach is presented to identify white powders as amphetamine, cocaine, ketamine or others and to estimate the purity of the amphetamine, cocaine and ketamine samples using spectroscopic techniques hyphenated with partial least squares (PLS) modelling. For identification purposes, it was observed that mid-infrared spectroscopy hyphenated with PLS-discriminant analysis allowed the distinction between amphetamine, cocaine, ketamine and other samples and this with a correct classification rate of 93.1% for an external test set. For quantitative estimation, near-infrared spectroscopy was more performant and allowed the estimation of the dosage/purity of the amphetamine, cocaine and ketamine samples with an error of more or less 10% w/w. An easily applicable, practical and cost-effective approach for on-site characterisation of the majority of the psychoactive samples encountered in Belgian nightlife settings based on IR spectroscopy was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Deconinck
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.,RD3 Unit of Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles Campus de la Plaine, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Camille Aït-Kaci
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.,RD3 Unit of Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles Campus de la Plaine, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andries Raes
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michaël Canfyn
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Bothy
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Duchateau
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Service of Medicines and Health Products, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.,RD3 Unit of Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles Campus de la Plaine, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Corenthin Mees
- RD3 Unit of Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles Campus de la Plaine, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kris De Braekeleer
- RD3 Unit of Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles Campus de la Plaine, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lies Gremaux
- Scientific Direction Epidemiology and Public Health, Section Lifestyle and Chronic Diseases, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter Blanckaert
- Scientific Direction Epidemiology and Public Health, Section Lifestyle and Chronic Diseases, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
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Barhdadi S, Mertens B, Van Bossuyt M, Van De Maele J, Anthonissen R, Canfyn M, Courselle P, Rogiers V, Deconinck E, Vanhaecke T. Identification of flavouring substances of genotoxic concern present in e-cigarette refills. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 147:111864. [PMID: 33217530 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
E-cigarettes have become very popular, a trend that has been stimulated by the wide variety of available e-liquid flavours. Considering the large number of e-liquid flavours (>7000), there is an urgent need to establish a screening strategy to prioritize the flavouring substances of highest concern for human health. In the present study, a prioritization strategy combining analytical screening, in silico tools and literature data was developed to identify potentially genotoxic e-liquid flavourings. Based on the analysis of 129 e-liquids collected on the Belgian market, 60 flavourings with positive in silico predictions for genotoxicity were identified. By using literature data, genotoxicity was excluded for 33 of them whereas for 5, i.e. estragole, safrole, 2-furylmethylketon, 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyl-3(2H)-furanone and transhexanal, there was a clear concern for in vivo genotoxicity. A selection of 4 out of the remaining 22 flavourings was tested in two in vitro genotoxicity assays. Three out of the four tested flavourings induced gene mutations and chromosome damage in vitro, whereas equivocal results were obtained for the fourth compound. Thus, although there is a legislative framework which excludes the use of CMR compounds in e-liquids, flavourings of genotoxic concern are present and might pose a health risk for e-cigarette users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Barhdadi
- Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium; Faculty of Medicines and Pharmacy, Department of in Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Birgit Mertens
- Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Melissa Van Bossuyt
- Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium; Faculty of Medicines and Pharmacy, Department of in Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jolien Van De Maele
- Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Roel Anthonissen
- Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael Canfyn
- Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patricia Courselle
- Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vera Rogiers
- Faculty of Medicines and Pharmacy, Department of in Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tamara Vanhaecke
- Faculty of Medicines and Pharmacy, Department of in Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
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