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Zheng Y, Tang F, Zheng X, Na R, Li Z, Lu W, Lu C. Analysis of the genetic structure of the introduced clearhead icefish (Protosalanx chinensis) populations in northern China. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024; 104:1743-1753. [PMID: 38445748 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
When species are introduced to a new environment, they can quickly adapt to the environment and may differ from the indigenous species. The indigenous population of Protosalanx chinensis has a high level of genetic diversity, but it is unclear on the genetic diversity of the introduced populations in northeast China, which supports the major production of P. chinensis in the world. A total of 556 individuals of P. chinensis were collected during 2016-2021, from Lianhuan Lake (LHL), Xingkai Lake (XK), and Shuifeng Reservoir (SF), and one population was collected from the indigenous Taihu Lake (TH). Overall, 36 haplotypes were detected, and the genetic differences in P. chinensis populations within and between river basins were investigated. The nucleotide diversity (π) of the populations ranged from 0.0005 to 0.0032, and the haplotype diversity (Hd) ranged from 0.455 to 0.890, with the highest genetic diversity in the TH population, followed by the SF population, and lower genetic diversity in the XK and LHL populations. The analysis of the genetic differentiation index (Fst) and the genetic distance between populations showed that there was significant genetic differentiation between the TH population and the other populations. More sampling points have been set up in LHL for further analysis; the Dalong Lake (DL) and the Xiaolong Lake (XL) populations were far from the other populations within the LHL population. In this study, we didn't find a correlation between population size, stability, and genetic diversity, and the ecological measures of management should be decisive to the population dynamics. These results provide a basis for the rational utilization and effective management of P. chinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in Heilongjiang River Basin, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Fishery Resources and Environment, Fuyuan, China
| | - Fujiang Tang
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in Heilongjiang River Basin, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Fishery Resources and Environment, Fuyuan, China
| | - Xianhu Zheng
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in Heilongjiang River Basin, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongbin Na
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in Heilongjiang River Basin, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in Heilongjiang River Basin, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Fishery Resources and Environment, Fuyuan, China
| | - Wanqiao Lu
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in Heilongjiang River Basin, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Fishery Resources and Environment, Fuyuan, China
| | - Cuiyun Lu
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in Heilongjiang River Basin, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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Sequeira F, Aguilar FF, Madeira FM, Teixeira J, Crespo E, Ferrand N, Rebelo R. What can genetics tell us about the history of a human-mediated introduction of the golden-striped salamander south of its native range? EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-022-01628-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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Wiens BJ, Combe FJ, Dickerson B, Divine LM, Padula VM, Sage GK, Talbot SL, Hope AG. Genetic drift drives rapid speciation of an Arctic insular endemic shrew (Sorex pribilofensis). Mol Ecol 2022; 31:5231-5248. [PMID: 35972323 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Episodes of Quaternary environmental change shaped the genomes of extant species, influencing their response to contemporary environments, which are changing rapidly. Island endemics are among the most vulnerable to such change, accounting for a disproportionate number of recent extinctions. To prevent extinctions and conserve island biodiversity it is vital to combine knowledge of species' ecologies with their complex evolutionary histories. The Bering Sea has a history of cyclical island isolation and reconnection, coupled with modern rates of climate change that exceed global averages. The endangered Pribilof Island shrew (Sorex pribilofensis) is endemic to St. Paul Island, Alaska, which was isolated from mainland Beringia ~14,000 years ago by rising sea levels. Using ~11,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms, 17 microsatellites and mitochondrial sequence data, we test predictions about the evolutionary processes driving shrew speciation across Beringia. Our data show considerable differentiation of S. pribilofensis from mainland sibling species, relative to levels of divergence between mainland shrews. We also find a genome-wide loss of diversity and extremely low Ne for S. pribilofensis. We then show that intraspecific genetic diversity is significantly related to interspecific divergence, and that differentiation between S. pribilofensis and other Beringian shrews is highest across loci that are fixed in S. pribilofensis, indicating that strong drift has driven differentiation of this island species. Our findings show that drift as a consequence of Arctic climate cycling can rapidly reshape insular biodiversity. Arctic island species that lack genomic diversity and have evolved in response to past climate may have limited ability to respond to modern environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben J Wiens
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Fraser J Combe
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | | | - Lauren M Divine
- Aleut Community of St. Paul Island, Ecosystem Conservation Office, St. Paul, Alaska, USA
| | - Veronica M Padula
- Aleut Community of St. Paul Island, Ecosystem Conservation Office, St. Paul, Alaska, USA
| | - George K Sage
- Far Northwestern Institute of Art and Science, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
| | - Sandra L Talbot
- Far Northwestern Institute of Art and Science, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
| | - Andrew G Hope
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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Polymorphisms of the Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene Affect Body Conformation Traits in Chinese Dabieshan Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12131601. [PMID: 35804502 PMCID: PMC9265053 DOI: 10.3390/ani12131601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to expose the polymorphisms of the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor gene in Chinese Dabieshan cattle, evaluate its effect on body conformation traits, and find potential molecular markers in Chinese cattle. The GHRHR structure and the phylogenetic tree were analyzed using bioinformatics software. The polymorphism of the GHRHR gene in 486 female cattle was genotyped by PCR-RFLP and DNA sequencing, and the association between SNPs and body conformation traits of Chinese Dabieshan cattle was analyzed by one-way ANOVA in SPSS software. GHRHR was often conserved in nine species, and its sequence of cattle was closest to sheep and goats. Six polymorphic SNPs were identified, g.10667A > C and g.10670A > C were missense mutation. The association analysis indicated that the six SNPs significantly influenced the body conformation traits of Chinese Dabieshan cattle (p < 0.05). Six haplotypes were identified and Hap1 (-CAACGA-) had the highest frequency (36.10%). The Hap3/5 (-GCCCCCGGAAGG-) exhibited a significantly greater wither height (WH), hip height (HH), heart girth (HG), and hip width (HW) (p < 0.05). Overall, the polymorphisms of GHRHR affected the body conformation traits of Chinese Dabieshan cattle, and the GHRHR gene could be used as a molecular marker in Dabieshan cattle breeding programs.
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Rial RV, Canellas F, Akaârir M, Rubiño JA, Barceló P, Martín A, Gamundí A, Nicolau MC. The Birth of the Mammalian Sleep. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050734. [PMID: 35625462 PMCID: PMC9138988 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Mammals evolved from reptiles as a consequence of an evolutionary bottleneck. Some diurnal reptiles extended their activity, first to twilight and then to the entire dark time. This forced the change of the visual system. Pursuing maximal sensitivity, they abandoned the filters protecting the eyes against the dangerous diurnal light, which, in turn, forced immobility in lightproof burrows during light time. This was the birth of the mammalian sleep. Then, the Cretacic-Paleogene extinction of dinosaurs leaved free the diurnal niche and allowed the expansion of a few early mammals to diurnal life and the high variability of sleep traits. On the other hand, we propose that the idling rest is a state showing homeostatic regulation. Therefore, the difference between behavioral rest and wakeful idling is rather low: both show quiescence, raised sensory thresholds, reversibility, specific sleeping-resting sites and body positions, it is a pleasing state, and both are dependent of circadian and homeostatic regulation. Indeed, the most important difference is the unconsciousness of sleep and the consciousness of wakeful idling. Thus, we propose that sleep is a mere upgrade of the wakeful rest, and both may have the same function: guaranteeing rest during a part of the daily cycle. Abstract Mammals evolved from small-sized reptiles that developed endothermic metabolism. This allowed filling the nocturnal niche. They traded-off visual acuity for sensitivity but became defenseless against the dangerous daylight. To avoid such danger, they rested with closed eyes in lightproof burrows during light-time. This was the birth of the mammalian sleep, the main finding of this report. Improved audition and olfaction counterweighed the visual impairments and facilitated the cortical development. This process is called “The Nocturnal Evolutionary Bottleneck”. Pre-mammals were nocturnal until the Cretacic-Paleogene extinction of dinosaurs. Some early mammals returned to diurnal activity, and this allowed the high variability in sleeping patterns observed today. The traits of Waking Idleness are almost identical to those of behavioral sleep, including homeostatic regulation. This is another important finding of this report. In summary, behavioral sleep seems to be an upgrade of Waking Idleness Indeed, the trait that never fails to show is quiescence. We conclude that the main function of sleep consists in guaranteeing it during a part of the daily cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén V. Rial
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-971-173-147; Fax: +34-971-173-184
| | - Francesca Canellas
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Mourad Akaârir
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - José A. Rubiño
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Pere Barceló
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Aida Martín
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Antoni Gamundí
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - M. Cristina Nicolau
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
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Zhao S, Jin H, Xu L, Jia Y. Genetic variants of the growth differentiation factor 8 affect body conformation traits in Chinese Dabieshan cattle. Anim Biosci 2021; 35:517-526. [PMID: 34530508 PMCID: PMC8902205 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8) gene plays a key role in bone formation, resorption, and skeletal muscle development in mammals. Here, we studied the genetic variants of GDF8 and their contribution to body conformation traits in Chinese Dabieshan cattle. Methods Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the bovine GDF8 gene by DNA sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis, motif analysis, and genetic diversity analysis were conducted using bioinformatics software. Association analysis between five SNPs, haplotype combinations, and body conformation traits was conducted in 380 individuals. Results The GDF8 was highly conserved in seven species, and the GDF8 sequence of cattle was most similar to the sequences of sheep and goat based on the phylogenetic analysis. The motif analysis showed that there were 12 significant motifs in GDF8. Genetic diversity analysis indicated that the polymorphism information content of the five studied SNPs was within 0.25 to 0.5. Haplotype analysis revealed a total of 12 different haplotypes and those with a frequency of <0.05 were excluded. Linkage disequilibrium analysis showed a strong linkage (r2>0.330) between the following SNPs: g.5070C>A, g.5076T>C, and g.5148A>C. Association analysis indicated these five SNPs were associated with some of the body conformation traits (p<0.05), and the animals with haplotype combination H1H1 (-GGGG CCTTAA-) had greater wither height, hip height, heart girth, abdominal girth, and pin bone width than the other (p<0.05) Dabieshan cattle. Conclusion Overall, our results indicate that the genetic variants of GDF8 affected the body conformation traits of Chinese Dabieshan cattle, and the GDF8 gene could make a strong candidate gene in Dabieshan cattle breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanping Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Hai Jin
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yutang Jia
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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Errbii M, Keilwagen J, Hoff KJ, Steffen R, Altmüller J, Oettler J, Schrader L. Transposable elements and introgression introduce genetic variation in the invasive ant Cardiocondyla obscurior. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:6211-6228. [PMID: 34324751 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduced populations of invasive organisms have to cope with novel environmental challenges, while having reduced genetic variation caused by founder effects. The mechanisms associated with this "genetic paradox of invasive species" has received considerable attention, yet few studies have examined the genomic architecture of invasive species. Populations of the heart node ant Cardiocondyla obscurior belong to two distinct lineages, a New World lineage so far only found in Latin America and a more globally distributed Old World lineage. In the present study, we use population genomic approaches to compare populations of the two lineages with apparent divergent invasive potential. We find that the strong genetic differentiation of the two lineages began at least 40,000 generations ago and that activity of transposable elements (TEs) has contributed significantly to the divergence of both lineages, possibly linked to the very unusual genomic distribution of TEs in this species. Furthermore, we show that introgression from the Old World lineage is a dominant source of genetic diversity in the New World lineage, despite the lineages' strong genetic differentiation. Our study uncovers mechanisms underlying novel genetic variation in introduced populations of C. obscurior that could contribute to the species' adaptive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Errbii
- Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jens Keilwagen
- Institute for Biosafety in Plant Biotechnology, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Katharina J Hoff
- Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Center for Functional Genomics of Microbes, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Raphael Steffen
- Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Core Facility Genomics, Berlin, Germany.,Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Oettler
- Lehrstuhl für Zoologie/Evolutionsbiologie, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Schrader
- Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Gates D, Jackson B, Schoville SD. Impacts of Fire on Butterfly Genetic Diversity and Connectivity. J Hered 2021; 112:367-376. [PMID: 34009382 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esab027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
How do novel fire regimes and a long history of fire suppression influence species genetic diversity? Genetic diversity provides the raw materials for sustaining viable populations and for allowing adaptation to novel environmental challenges, and at present, few studies address the genetic responses of animals to fire management. Here we study the genetic responses of 2 butterfly species to a landscape gradient of fire timing and severity in Yosemite National Park using a large set of genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Butterflies are important bio-indicators of invertebrate diversity and play important roles in both bottom-up and top-down ecosystem processes, and typically increase in abundance following wildfires, due to an increase in abundance of flowering plants. However, it is not clear how genetic diversity and genetic connectivity of butterflies respond to landscape change following fire, and whether fire management has positive or negative effects. We found evidence to suggest that fire increases genetic diversity and reduces isolation in 2 butterfly species, but that aspects of the fire regime (severity, extent, timing, and frequency) differ in importance depending on the ecology of the specific species. This research is the first study to address fire management impacts on genetic diversity in invertebrates, and the results will allow fire managers to predict that fire reintroduction in protected areas will generally benefit butterfly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Gates
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Breeanne Jackson
- Division of Resources Management and Science, Yosemite National Park, El Portal, CA, USA
| | - Sean D Schoville
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Gajaweera C, Kang JM, Lee DH, Lee SH, Kim YK, Wijayananda HI, Kim JJ, Ha JH, Choi BH, Lee SH. Genetic diversity and population structure of the Sapsaree, a native Korean dog breed. BMC Genet 2019; 20:66. [PMID: 31382890 PMCID: PMC6683530 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-019-0757-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Sapsaree is a breed of dog (Canis familiaris) native to Korea, which became perilously close to extinction in the mid-1980s. However, with systematic genetic conservation and restoration efforts, this breed was rescued from extinction and population sizes have been gradually increasing over the past few decades. The aim of this study was to ascertain novel information about the genetic diversity, population structure, and demographic history of the Sapsaree breed using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data. We characterized the genetic profile of the Sapsaree breed by comparison with seven foreign dog breeds with similar morphologies to estimate genetic differentiation within and among these breeds. RESULTS The results suggest that Sapsarees have higher genetic variance compared with the other breeds analyzed. The majority of the Sapsarees in this study share a discrete genetic pattern, although some individuals were slightly different, possibly as a consequence of the recent restoration process. Concordant results from analyses of linkage disequilibrium, effective population size, genetic diversity, and population structural analyses illustrate a relationship among the Sapsaree and the Tibetan breeds Tibetan terrier and Lhasa Apso, and a small genetic introgression from European breeds. The effective population size of the Sapsaree has contracted dramatically over the past generations, and is currently insufficient to maintain long-term viability of the breed's genetic diversity. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel insights regarding the genetic diversity and population structure of the native Korean dog breed Sapsaree. Our results suggest the importance of a strategic and systematic approach to ensure the genetic diversity and the authenticity of the Sapsaree breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandima Gajaweera
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka
| | - Ji Min Kang
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Ho Lee
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Lee
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Kuk Kim
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Hasini I. Wijayananda
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Joo Kim
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hong Ha
- School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41940 Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Hwan Choi
- Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Lee
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
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Genetic homogeneity in South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta: a new invasive pest to oriental region. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:350. [PMID: 30073135 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1374-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
South American tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is an important invasive pest of Tomato which invaded India and Nepal in 2014 and 2016, respectively. In the present study, samples from five localities of India and one from Nepal were used for the investigation of genetic diversity of T. absoluta by employing a fragment in the mtDNA gene-encoding cytochrome oxidase I (COI). Based on the partial COI gene, high genetic homogeneity was detected in T. absoluta populations of India and Nepal with rest of the world. Less nucleotide diversity (π 0.00137) was also detected in the populations of T. absoluta from different countries. This is first attempt to analyze molecular data for this new invasive species from India and Nepal.
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11
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12
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Zheng C, Yang F, Zeng L, Vargo EL, Xu Y. Genetic diversity and colony structure of Tapinoma melanocephalum on the islands and mainland of South China. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:5427-5440. [PMID: 29938063 PMCID: PMC6010919 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Tapinoma melanocephalum is listed as one of the most important invasive pest species in China. Information regarding the patterns of invasion and effects of geographic isolation on the population genetics of this species is largely lacking. LOCATION South China. METHODS To address this problem, we genotyped 39 colonies (two colonies were collapsed due to genetic similarity) using microsatellite markers and mitochondrial DNA sequencing to compare colony genetic structure of T. melanocephalum on the mainland and islands of South China. RESULTS An analysis of the colony genotypes showed that the genetic diversity of the mainland population was slightly higher than that of the island populations but not significantly so. However, the observed heterozygosity on Shangchuan Island (SCD) was significantly lower than that of the other colonies. We also found six haplotypes in 111 mitochondrial DNA COI sequences. The relatedness (r) value between colonies of SCD was 0.410, higher than that of the other populations. The genetic clusters among colonies were not related to geographic locations and exhibited admixture likely due to frequent human-mediated dispersal associated with trade between the mainland population and the islands. Pairwise FSTs between populations showed differentiation among mainland populations, while SCD displayed high levels of divergence (FST > 0.15) from most mainland populations. There was no significant isolation by distance among colonies. Most populations showed signs of a bottleneck effect. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that there was no significant difference in the genetic diversity among the islands and the mainland; however, the lower genetic diversity, the higher degree of genetic divergence from other colonies, and the higher relatedness among nestmates made the SCD population stand out from all the others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zheng
- Department of EntomologySouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of EntomologySouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ling Zeng
- Department of EntomologySouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Edward L. Vargo
- Department of EntomologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas
| | - Yijuan Xu
- Department of EntomologySouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
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13
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van Paridon BJ, Colwell DD, Goater CP, Gilleard JS. Population genetic analysis informs the invasion history of the emerging trematode Dicrocoelium dendriticum into Canada. Int J Parasitol 2017; 47:845-856. [PMID: 28668324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Parasite distributions are constantly changing due to climate change, local and global movement of animals and humans, as well as land use and habitat change. The trematode Dicrocoelium dendriticum is a relatively recent invader of Canada, being first reported in eastern Canada in the 1930s and western Canada in the 1970s. However, historical records are scarce and its emergence is poorly understood. The establishment of this parasite in Canada provides an interesting opportunity to explore the use of population genetic approaches to help elucidate the invasion history of a relatively recently established helminth parasite. In this study, we compare the genetic diversity and population structure of a number of D. dendriticum populations from western and eastern Canada, and compare these with much longer established European populations. Two independent genetic marker systems were used; a microsatellite marker panel and a cytochrome c oxidase 1 (cox1) mitochondrial (mt)DNA sequence marker. We found distinct differences in both genetic diversity and population structure of the different Canadian populations that provide insights into their invasion histories compared with the European populations. Two populations from British Columbia, Canada - Salt Spring and Vancouver Islands - are of low diversity, show evidence of a population bottleneck and are closely related to each other, suggesting a shared recent history of establishment. These west coast populations are otherwise most closely related to those from eastern Canada and western Europe, and in contrast are genetically divergent from those in Cypress Hills, Alberta, Canada. Although the Alberta parasite population is the most recently reported in Canada, being first identified there in the early 1990s, it was the most genetically diverse of those examined and showed a strong pattern of admixture of genotypes present in western and eastern Europe. Overall, our results are consistent with a model in which western Europe is likely the source of flukes on the east coast of Canada, which were then subsequently translocated to the west coast of Canada. The most recently reported D. dendriticum population in Canada appears to have a different history and likely has multiple origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J van Paridon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada.
| | - Douglas D Colwell
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Station, Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Cameron P Goater
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - John S Gilleard
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack W. Sites
- Department of Zoology; Brigham Young University; Provo Utah 84602
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15
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Mulley JC, Latter BDH. GENETIC VARIATION AND EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN A GROUP OF THIRTEEN SPECIES OF PENAEID PRAWNS. Evolution 2017; 34:904-916. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1980.tb04028.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/1979] [Revised: 01/08/1980] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. C. Mulley
- Department of Agricultural Genetics and Biometry; University of Sydney; 2006 Australia
| | - B. D. H. Latter
- Department of Agricultural Genetics and Biometry; University of Sydney; 2006 Australia
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16
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Bryant EH, van Dijk H, van Delden W. GENETIC VARIABILITY OF THE FACE FLY, MUSCA AUTUMNALIS
DE GEER, IN RELATION TO A POPULATION BOTTLENECK. Evolution 2017; 35:872-881. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1981.tb04950.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/1980] [Revised: 11/11/1980] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edwin H. Bryant
- Department of Biology; University of Houston; Houston Texas 77004
| | - Henk van Dijk
- Biological Center, Department of Genetics; University of Groningen; Haren (Gn) The Netherlands
| | - Wilke van Delden
- Biological Center, Department of Genetics; University of Groningen; Haren (Gn) The Netherlands
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17
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Leberg PL. EFFECTS OF POPULATION BOTTLENECKS ON GENETIC DIVERSITY AS MEASURED BY ALLOZYME ELECTROPHORESIS. Evolution 2017; 46:477-494. [PMID: 28564024 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb02053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/1991] [Accepted: 08/06/1991] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul L. Leberg
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Drawer E; Aiken SC 29802 USA
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18
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Grant WS, Ståhl G. EVOLUTION OF ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC COD: LOSS OF GENETIC VARIATION AND GENE EXPRESSION IN PACIFIC COD. Evolution 2017; 42:138-146. [PMID: 28563850 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1988.tb04114.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/1986] [Accepted: 06/08/1987] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An allozyme investigation of 41 protein-coding loci in two morphologically similar fishes, Atlantic and Pacific cod, indicates that Pacific cod experienced a severe population bottleneck that led to the loss of gene diversity and gene expression. Pacific cod possesses a significantly lesser amount of gene diversity (H = 0.032) than Atlantic cod (H = 0.125) and lacks gene expression for Me-3. Allele-frequency distributions differ between species as predicted by neutral theory: Atlantic cod has a U-shaped distribution, which is expected for populations in drift-mutation equilibrium, whereas Pacific cod has a J-shaped distribution with an excess of low-frequency alleles. This excess may be explained by the appearance of new alleles through mutation which have not yet reached intermediate frequencies through drift. The population bottleneck in Pacific cod was most likely associated with founder populations that dispersed into the Pacific Ocean after the Bering Strait opened. Under the molecular-clock hypothesis a Nei genetic distance of 0.415 (based on 41 loci) suggests that Pacific cod dispersed into the Pacific Ocean soon after the Bering Strait opened in the mid-Pliocene, 3.0 to 3.5 million years ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Stewart Grant
- Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center, NMFS, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA, 98112
| | - Gunnar Ståhl
- Department of Genetics, University of Stockholm, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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McLeod MJ, Guttman SI, Eshbaugh WH, Rayle RE. AN ELECTROPHORETIC STUDY OF EVOLUTION IN
CAPSICUM
(SOLANACEAE). Evolution 2017; 37:562-574. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1983.tb05573.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/1981] [Revised: 07/18/1982] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Charlesworth B, Lande R, Slatkin M. A NEO-DARWINIAN COMMENTARY ON MACROEVOLUTION. Evolution 2017; 36:474-498. [PMID: 28568049 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1982.tb05068.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/1981] [Revised: 10/28/1981] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Charlesworth
- Population Biology Group,-School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, England
| | - Russell Lande
- Department of Biophysics and Theoretical Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637
| | - Montgomery Slatkin
- Department of Zoology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195
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21
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Korey KA. SPECIES NUMBER, GENERATION LENGTH, AND THE MOLECULAR CLOCK. Evolution 2017; 35:139-147. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1981.tb04866.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/1979] [Revised: 05/15/1980] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A. Korey
- Department of Anthropology, Dartmouth College; Hanover New Hampshire 03755
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22
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Levin DA, Ritter K, Ellstrand NC. PROTEIN POLYMORPHISM IN THE NARROW ENDEMIC
OENOTHERA ORGANENSIS. Evolution 2017; 33:534-542. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1979.tb04708.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/1978] [Revised: 10/10/1978] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Krehe Ritter
- Department of Botany University of California Berkeley California 94720
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23
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Lessios HA, Cunningham CW. GAMETIC INCOMPATIBILITY BETWEEN SPECIES OF THE SEA URCHIN
ECHINOMETRA
ON THE TWO SIDES OF THE ISTHMUS OF PANAMA. Evolution 2017; 44:933-941. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1990.tb03815.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/1988] [Accepted: 10/26/1989] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. A. Lessios
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Box 2072 Balboa Panama
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24
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Loveless MD, Hamrick JL. GENETIC ORGANIZATION AND EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY IN TWO NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF
CIRSIUM. Evolution 2017; 42:254-265. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1988.tb04130.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/1986] [Accepted: 08/04/1987] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. D. Loveless
- Departments of Systematics and Ecology and Botany The University of Kansas Lawrence KS 66045
| | - J. L. Hamrick
- Departments of Systematics and Ecology and Botany The University of Kansas Lawrence KS 66045
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25
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Merilä J, Björklund M, Baker AJ. GENETIC POPULATION STRUCTURE AND GRADUAL NORTHWARD DECLINE OF GENETIC VARIABILITY IN THE GREENFINCH (CARDUELIS CHLORIS). Evolution 2017; 50:2548-2557. [PMID: 28565666 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1996.tb03644.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/1995] [Accepted: 04/22/1996] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juha Merilä
- Department of Zoology, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, S-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Ornithology and Laboratory of Molecular Systematics, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen's Park, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 2C6, Canada
| | - Mats Björklund
- Department of Zoology, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, S-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Allan J Baker
- Department of Ornithology and Laboratory of Molecular Systematics, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen's Park, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 2C6, Canada
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26
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Sbordoni V, Allegrucci G, Caccone A, Cesaroni D, Sbordoni MC, de Matthaeis E. GENETIC VARIABILITY AND DIVERGENCE IN CAVE POPULATIONS OF TROGLOPHILUS CAVICOLA
AND T. ANDREINII
(ORTHOPTERA, RHAPHIDOPHORIDAE). Evolution 2017; 35:226-233. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1981.tb04882.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/1979] [Revised: 07/02/1980] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Sbordoni
- Institute of Zoology; University of Roma; Rome Italy
| | - G. Allegrucci
- Institute of Zoology; University of Roma; Rome Italy
| | - A. Caccone
- Institute of Zoology; University of Roma; Rome Italy
| | - D. Cesaroni
- Institute of Zoology; University of Roma; Rome Italy
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27
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Ryman N, Reuterwall C, Nygrén K, Nygrén T. GENETIC VARIATION AND DIFFERENTIATION IN SCANDINAVIAN MOOSE (ALCES ALCES
): ARE LARGE MAMMALS MONOMORPHIC? Evolution 2017; 34:1037-1049. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1980.tb04046.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/1980] [Revised: 03/27/1980] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Ryman
- Department of Genetics; University of Stockholm; S-113 86 Stockholm Sweden
| | | | - Kaarlo Nygrén
- Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute; Game Division; Unioninkatu 45 B SF-00170 Helsinki Finland
| | - Tuire Nygrén
- Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute; Game Division; Unioninkatu 45 B SF-00170 Helsinki Finland
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28
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Motro U, Thomson G. ON HETEROZYGOSITY AND THE EFFECTIVE SIZE OF POPULATIONS SUBJECT TO SIZE CHANGES. Evolution 2017; 36:1059-1066. [PMID: 28567820 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1982.tb05474.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/1981] [Revised: 11/16/1981] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uzi Motro
- Genetics Department, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720
| | - Glenys Thomson
- Genetics Department, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720
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29
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Menken SBJ. IS THE EXTREMELY LOW HETEROZYGOSITY LEVEL INYPONOMEUTA RORELLUSCAUSED BY BOTTLENECKS? Evolution 2017; 41:630-637. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1987.tb05834.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/1985] [Accepted: 11/24/1986] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steph B. J. Menken
- Department of Botany; University of Amsterdam; Kruislaan 318 1098 SM Amsterdam The Netherlands
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30
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Cohen CS. THE EFFECTS OF CONTRASTING MODES OF FERTILIZATION ON LEVELS OF INBREEDING IN THE MARINE INVERTEBRATE GENUS
CORELLA. Evolution 2017; 50:1896-1907. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1996.tb03577.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/1994] [Accepted: 02/05/1996] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Sarah Cohen
- Friday Harbor Laboratories and Department of Zoology University of Washington 620 University Road Friday Harbor Washington 98250
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31
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Ross KG, Trager JC. SYSTEMATICS AND POPULATION GENETICS OF FIRE ANTS
(SOLENOPSIS SAEVISSIMA
COMPLEX) FROM ARGENTINA. Evolution 2017; 44:2113-2134. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1990.tb04316.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/1989] [Accepted: 04/18/1990] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth G. Ross
- Department of Entomology University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - James C. Trager
- Department of Biology University of Missouri–St. Louis St. Louis MO 63121 USA
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32
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Boileau MG, Hebert PDN. GENETIC CONSEQUENCES OF PASSIVE DISPERSAL IN POND-DWELLING COPEPODS. Evolution 2017; 45:721-733. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb04341.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/1990] [Accepted: 09/18/1990] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc G. Boileau
- University of Windsor; Department of Biological Sciences; Windsor N9B 3P4 CANADA
| | - Paul D. N. Hebert
- University of Windsor; Department of Biological Sciences; Windsor N9B 3P4 CANADA
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33
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Hedrick PW. PERSPECTIVE: HIGHLY VARIABLE LOCI AND THEIR INTERPRETATION IN EVOLUTION AND CONSERVATION. Evolution 2017; 53:313-318. [PMID: 28565409 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1999.tb03767.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 595] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/1998] [Accepted: 11/18/1998] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Although highly variable loci, such as microsatellite loci, are revolutionizing both evolutionary and conservation biology, data from these loci need to be carefully evaluated. First, because these loci often have very high within-population heterozygosity, the magnitude of differentiation measures may be quite small. For example, maximum GST values for populations with no common alleles at highly variable loci may be small and are at maximum less than the average within-population homozygosity. As a result, measures that are variation independent are recommended for highly variable loci. Second, bottlenecks or a reduction in population size can generate large genetic distances in a short time for these loci. In this case, the genetic distance may be corrected for low variation in a population and tests to detect bottlenecks are advised. Third, statistically significant differences may not reflect biologically meaningful differences both because the patterns of adaptive loci may not be correlated with highly variable loci and statistical power with these markers is so high. As an example of this latter effect, the statistical power to detect a one-generation bottleneck of different sizes for different numbers of highly variable loci is discussed. All of these concerns need to be incorporated in the utilization and interpretation of patterns of highly variable loci for both evolutionary and conservation biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip W Hedrick
- Department of Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287-1501
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34
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Levin DA. GENETIC VARIATION AND DIVERGENCE IN A DISJUNCT
PHLOX. Evolution 2017; 38:223-225. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1984.tb00275.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/1982] [Revised: 03/10/1983] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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35
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Kremer CS, Vamosi SM, Rogers SM. Watershed characteristics shape the landscape genetics of brook stickleback ( Culaea inconstans) in shallow prairie lakes. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:3067-3079. [PMID: 28480006 PMCID: PMC5415534 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigating the consequences of landscape features on population genetic patterns is increasingly important to elucidate the ecological factors governing connectivity between populations and predicting the evolutionary consequences of landscapes. Small prairie lakes in Alberta, Canada, and the brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans) that inhabit them, provide a unique aquatic system whereby populations are highly isolated from one another. These heterogeneous and extreme environments are prone to winterkills, an event whereby most of the fish die and frequent bottlenecks occur. In this study, we characterized the genetic population structure of brook stickleback among several lakes, finding that the species is hierarchically influenced by within‐lake characteristics in small‐scale watersheds. Landscape genetic analyses of the role of spatial features found support for basin characteristics associated with genetic diversity and bottlenecks in 20% of the sampled lakes. These results suggest that brook stickleback population genetic patterns may be driven, at least in part, by ecological processes that accelerate genetic drift and landscape patterns associated with reduced dispersal. Collectively, these results reinforce the potential importance of connectivity in the maintenance of genetic diversity, especially in fragmented landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory S Kremer
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
| | - Steven M Vamosi
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
| | - Sean M Rogers
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
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36
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Miura O, Kanaya G, Nakai S, Itoh H, Chiba S, Makino W, Nishimura T, Kojima S, Urabe J. Ecological and genetic impact of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami on intertidal mud snails. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44375. [PMID: 28281698 PMCID: PMC5345064 DOI: 10.1038/srep44375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural disturbances often destroy local populations and can considerably affect the genetic properties of these populations. The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami greatly damaged local populations of various coastal organisms, including the mud snail Batillaria attramentaria, which was an abundant macroinvertebrate on the tidal flats in the Tohoku region. To evaluate the impact of the tsunami on the ecology and population genetic properties of these snails, we monitored the density, shell size, and microsatellite DNA variation of B. attramentaria for more than ten years (2005–2015) throughout the disturbance event. We found that the density of snails declined immediately after the tsunami. Bayesian inference of the genetically effective population size (Ne) demonstrated that the Ne declined by 60–99% at the study sites exposed to the tsunami. However, we found that their genetic diversity was not significantly reduced after the tsunami. The maintenance of genetic diversity is essential for long-term survival of local populations, and thus, the observed genetic robustness could play a key role in the persistence of snail populations in this region which has been devastated by similar tsunamis every 500–800 years. Our findings have significant implications for understanding the sustainability of populations damaged by natural disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Miura
- Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science, Kochi University, 200 Monobe, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Gen Kanaya
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Shizuko Nakai
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, College of Bioresource Sciences Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Hajime Itoh
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8564, Japan
| | - Satoshi Chiba
- Department of Environmental Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Kawauchi 41, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0862, Japan
| | - Wataru Makino
- Division of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nishimura
- Laboratory of Aquatic Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Kojima
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8564, Japan
| | - Jotaro Urabe
- Division of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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Du Y, Zou X, Xu Y, Guo X, Li S, Zhang X, Su M, Ma J, Guo S. Microsatellite Loci Analysis Reveals Post-bottleneck Recovery of Genetic Diversity in the Tibetan Antelope. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35501. [PMID: 27739522 PMCID: PMC5064351 DOI: 10.1038/srep35501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tibetan antelope (chiru, Pantholops hodgsoni) is one of the most endangered mammals native to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The population size has rapidly declined over the last century due to illegal hunting and habitat damage. In the past 10 years, the population has reportedly been expanding due to conservation efforts. Several lines of evidence suggest that the Tibetan antelope has undergone a demographic bottleneck. However, the consequences of the bottleneck on genetic diversity and the post-bottleneck genetic recovery remain unknown. In this study, we investigate the genetic variation of 15 microsatellite loci from two Tibetan antelope populations sampled in 2003 (Pop2003) and 2013 (Pop2013). A higher level of genetic diversity (NA, 13.286; He, 0.840; PIC, 0.813; I, 2.114) was detected in Pop2013, compared to Pop2003 (NA, 12.929; He, 0.818; PIC, 0.789; I, 2.033). We observe that despite passing through the bottleneck, the Tibetan antelope retains high levels of genetic diversity. Furthermore, our results show significant or near significant increases in genetic diversity (He, PIC and I) in Pop2013 compared with Pop2003, which suggests that protection efforts did not arrive too late for the Tibetan antelope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Du
- School of Life and Geography Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Evolution and Adaptation of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810007, China
| | - Yongtao Xu
- School of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xinyi Guo
- School of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Life and Geography Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Xuze Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810001, China
| | - Mengyu Su
- School of Life and Geography Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Jianbin Ma
- School of Life and Geography Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Songchang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Evolution and Adaptation of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810007, China
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Yaro M, Munyard KA, Stear MJ, Groth DM. Molecular identification of livestock breeds: a tool for modern conservation biology. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2016; 92:993-1010. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Yaro
- School of Biomedical Sciences, CHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct, Faculty of Health Sciences; Curtin University; GPO Box U1987 Perth WA 6845 Australia
| | - Kylie A. Munyard
- School of Biomedical Sciences, CHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct, Faculty of Health Sciences; Curtin University; GPO Box U1987 Perth WA 6845 Australia
| | - Michael J. Stear
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine; University of Glasgow; Bearsden Road Glasgow G61 1QH U.K
| | - David M. Groth
- School of Biomedical Sciences, CHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct, Faculty of Health Sciences; Curtin University; GPO Box U1987 Perth WA 6845 Australia
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39
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Velo-Antón G, Zamudio KR, Cordero-Rivera A. Genetic drift and rapid evolution of viviparity in insular fire salamanders (Salamandra salamandra). Heredity (Edinb) 2012; 108:410-8. [PMID: 22086081 PMCID: PMC3313053 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2011.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Continental islands offer an excellent opportunity to investigate adaptive processes and to time microevolutionary changes that precede macroevolutionary events. We performed a population genetic study of the fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra), a species that displays unique intraspecific diversity of reproductive strategies, to address the microevolutionary processes leading to phenotypic and genetic differentiation of island, coastal and interior populations. We used eight microsatellite markers to estimate genetic diversity, population structure and demographic parameters in viviparous insular populations and ovoviviparous coastal and interior populations. Our results show considerable genetic differentiation (F(ST) range: 0.06-0.27), and no clear signs of gene flow among populations, except between the large and admixed interior populations. We find no support for island colonization by rafting or intentional/accidental anthropogenic introductions, indicating that rising sea levels were responsible for isolation of the island populations approximately 9000 years ago. Our study provides evidence of rapid genetic differentiation between island and coastal populations, and rapid evolution of viviparity driven by climatic selective pressures on island populations, geographic isolation with genetic drift, or a combination of these factors. Studies of these viviparous island populations in early stages of divergence help us better understand the microevolutionary processes involved in rapid phenotypic shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Velo-Antón
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Grupo de Ecoloxía Evolutiva e da Conservación, Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, EUET Forestal, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - K R Zamudio
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - A Cordero-Rivera
- Grupo de Ecoloxía Evolutiva e da Conservación, Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, EUET Forestal, Pontevedra, Spain
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40
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Hunley K, Bowern C, Healy M. Rejection of a serial founder effects model of genetic and linguistic coevolution. Proc Biol Sci 2012; 279:2281-8. [PMID: 22298843 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2011.2296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genetic studies attribute the negative correlation between population genetic diversity and distance from Africa to a serial founder effects (SFE) evolutionary process. A recent linguistic study concluded that a similar decay in phoneme inventories in human languages was also the product of the SFE process. However, the SFE process makes additional predictions for patterns of neutral genetic diversity, both within and between groups, that have not yet been tested on phonemic data. In this study, we describe these predictions and test them on linguistic and genetic samples. The linguistic sample consists of 725 widespread languages, which together contain 908 distinct phonemes. The genetic sample consists of 614 autosomal microsatellite loci in 100 widespread populations. All aspects of the genetic pattern are consistent with the predictions of SFE. In contrast, most of the predictions of SFE are violated for the phonemic data. We show that phoneme inventories provide information about recent contacts between languages. However, because phonemes change rapidly, they cannot provide information about more ancient evolutionary processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Hunley
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
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41
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Catastrophic floods may pave the way for increased genetic diversity in endemic artesian spring snail populations. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28645. [PMID: 22205959 PMCID: PMC3243680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of disturbance in the promotion of biological heterogeneity is widely recognised and occurs at a variety of ecological and evolutionary scales. However, within species, the impact of disturbances that decimate populations are neither predicted nor known to result in conditions that promote genetic diversity. Directly examining the population genetic consequences of catastrophic disturbances however, is rarely possible, as it requires both longitudinal genetic data sets and serendipitous timing. Our long-term study of the endemic aquatic invertebrates of the artesian spring ecosystem of arid central Australia has presented such an opportunity. Here we show a catastrophic flood event, which caused a near total population crash in an aquatic snail species (Fonscochlea accepta) endemic to this ecosystem, may have led to enhanced levels of within species genetic diversity. Analyses of individuals sampled and genotyped from the same springs sampled both pre (1988–1990) and post (1995, 2002–2006) a devastating flood event in 1992, revealed significantly higher allelic richness, reduced temporal population structuring and greater effective population sizes in nearly all post flood populations. Our results suggest that the response of individual species to disturbance and severe population bottlenecks is likely to be highly idiosyncratic and may depend on both their ecology (whether they are resilient or resistant to disturbance) and the stability of the environmental conditions (i.e. frequency and intensity of disturbances) in which they have evolved.
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42
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Charruau P, Fernandes C, Orozco-Terwengel P, Peters J, Hunter L, Ziaie H, Jourabchian A, Jowkar H, Schaller G, Ostrowski S, Vercammen P, Grange T, Schlötterer C, Kotze A, Geigl EM, Walzer C, Burger PA. Phylogeography, genetic structure and population divergence time of cheetahs in Africa and Asia: evidence for long-term geographic isolates. Mol Ecol 2011; 20:706-24. [PMID: 21214655 PMCID: PMC3531615 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04986.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) has been described as a species with low levels of genetic variation. This has been suggested to be the consequence of a demographic bottleneck 10 000–12 000 years ago (ya) and also led to the assumption that only small genetic differences exist between the described subspecies. However, analysing mitochondrial DNA and microsatellites in cheetah samples from most of the historic range of the species we found relatively deep phylogeographic breaks between some of the investigated populations, and most of the methods assessed divergence time estimates predating the postulated bottleneck. Mitochondrial DNA monophyly and overall levels of genetic differentiation support the distinctiveness of Northern-East African cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus soemmeringii). Moreover, combining archaeozoological and contemporary samples, we show that Asiatic cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) are unambiguously separated from African subspecies. Divergence time estimates from mitochondrial and nuclear data place the split between Asiatic and Southern African cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus jubatus) at 32 000–67 000 ya using an average mammalian microsatellite mutation rate and at 4700–44 000 ya employing human microsatellite mutation rates. Cheetahs are vulnerable to extinction globally and critically endangered in their Asiatic range, where the last 70–110 individuals survive only in Iran. We demonstrate that these extant Iranian cheetahs are an autochthonous monophyletic population and the last representatives of the Asiatic subspecies A. j. venaticus. We advocate that conservation strategies should consider the uncovered independent evolutionary histories of Asiatic and African cheetahs, as well as among some African subspecies. This would facilitate the dual conservation priorities of maintaining locally adapted ecotypes and genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Charruau
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Population Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
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BREKKE PATRICIA, BENNETT PETERM, SANTURE ANNAW, EWEN JOHNG. High genetic diversity in the remnant island population of hihi and the genetic consequences of re-introduction. Mol Ecol 2010; 20:29-45. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04923.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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45
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MEIMBERG HARALD, MILAN NEILF, KARATASSIOU MARIA, ESPELAND ERINK, McKAY JOHNK, RICE KEVINJ. Patterns of introduction and adaptation during the invasion of Aegilops triuncialis (Poaceae) into Californian serpentine soils. Mol Ecol 2010; 19:5308-19. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04875.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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46
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Hadziabdic D, Fitzpatrick BM, Wang X, Wadl PA, Rinehart TA, Ownley BH, Windham MT, Trigiano RN. Analysis of genetic diversity in flowering dogwood natural stands using microsatellites: the effects of dogwood anthracnose. Genetica 2010; 138:1047-57. [PMID: 20820882 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-010-9490-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2009] [Accepted: 08/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida L.) populations recently have experienced severe declines caused by dogwood anthracnose. Mortality has ranged from 48 to 98%, raising the concern that genetic diversity has been reduced significantly. Microsatellite data were used to evaluate the level and distribution of genetic variation throughout much of the native range of the tree. Genetic variation in areas affected by anthracnose was as high as or higher than areas without die-offs. We found evidence of four widespread, spatially contiguous genetic clusters. However, there was little relationship between geographic distance and genetic difference. These observations suggest that high dispersal rates and large effective population sizes have so far prevented rapid loss of genetic diversity. The effects of anthracnose on demography and community structure are likely to be far more consequential than short-term genetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hadziabdic
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, The University of Tennessee, 2431 Joe Johnson Dr, Knoxville, TN, 37996-4560, USA
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47
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Johannesson K, Panova M, Kemppainen P, André C, Rolán-Alvarez E, Butlin RK. Repeated evolution of reproductive isolation in a marine snail: unveiling mechanisms of speciation. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2010; 365:1735-47. [PMID: 20439278 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2009.0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Distinct ecotypes of the snail Littorina saxatilis, each linked to a specific shore microhabitat, form a mosaic-like pattern with narrow hybrid zones in between, over which gene flow is 10-30% of within-ecotype gene flow. Multi-locus comparisons cluster populations by geographic affinity independent of ecotype, while loci under selection group populations by ecotype. The repeated occurrence of partially reproductively isolated ecotypes and the conflicting patterns in neutral and selected genes can either be explained by separation in allopatry followed by secondary overlap and extensive introgression that homogenizes neutral differences evolved under allopatry, or by repeated evolution in parapatry, or in sympatry, with the same ecotypes appearing in each local site. Data from Spain, the UK and Sweden give stronger support for a non-allopatric model of ecotype formation than for an allopatric model. Several different non-allopatric mechanisms can, however, explain the repeated evolution of the ecotypes: (i) parallel evolution by new mutations in different populations; (ii) evolution from standing genetic variation; and (iii) evolution in concert with rapid spread of new positive mutations among populations inhabiting similar environments. These models make different predictions that can be tested using comprehensive phylogenetic information combined with candidate loci sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Johannesson
- Department of Marine Ecology-Tjärnö, University of Gothenburg, 452 96 Strömstad, Sweden.
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48
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SHIKANO TAKAHITO, SHIMADA YUKINORI, HERCZEG GÁBOR, MERILÄ JUHA. History vs. habitat type: explaining the genetic structure of European nine-spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) populations. Mol Ecol 2010; 19:1147-61. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04553.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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49
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BIEBACH IRIS, KELLER LUKASF. A strong genetic footprint of the re-introduction history of Alpine ibex (Capra ibex ibex). Mol Ecol 2009; 18:5046-58. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04420.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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50
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Moreau C, Vézina H, Yotova V, Hamon R, de Knijff P, Sinnett D, Labuda D. Genetic heterogeneity in regional populations of Quebec--parental lineages in the Gaspe Peninsula. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2009; 139:512-22. [PMID: 19226649 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Stable colonization of the Gaspe Peninsula by Europeans started in the middle of the 18th century at the time of the British conquest of New France. The earliest settlers were Acadians, escaping British deportation policies, followed by Loyalists from the US, who preferred to remain under British rule after the Declaration of Independence. In the 19th century, the developing fishing industry attracted French Canadians from the St. Lawrence Valley and newcomers from Europe including Channel Islanders from Jersey and Guernsey. We analyzed parental lineages of the self-declared descendants of these four groups of settlers by mtDNA D-loop sequencing and Y-chromosome genotyping and compared them with French, British, and Irish samples. Their representation in terms of haplotype frequency classes reveals different signatures of founder effects, such as a loss of rare haplotypes, modification of intermediate frequency haplotypes, reduction in genetic diversity (seen in Acadians), but also enrichment by admixture. Parental lineages correlate with group identity. Descendants of early settlers, Acadians and Loyalists, preserved their identity more than those of French Canadian and Channel Islander "latecomers." Although overall genetic diversity among Gaspesians is comparable with their European source populations, F(ST) analysis indicated their greater differentiation. Distinct settlement history, a limited number of founders and relative genetic isolation contributed to the regionalization of the Quebec gene pool that appears less homogenous than usually anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Moreau
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, PQ, Canada H3T 1C5
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