1
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Garaud L, Nusbaumer D, Marques da Cunha L, de Guttry C, Ançay L, Atherton A, Lasne E, Wedekind C. Parental kinship coefficient but not paternal coloration predicts early offspring growth in lake char. Heredity (Edinb) 2024; 132:247-256. [PMID: 38480957 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-024-00678-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The 'good genes' hypotheses of sexual selection predict that females prefer males with strong ornaments because they are in good health and vigor and can afford the costs of the ornaments. A key assumption of this concept is that male health and vigor are useful predictors of genetic quality and hence offspring performance. We tested this prediction in wild-caught lake char (Salvelinus umbla) whose breeding coloration is known to reveal aspects of male health. We first reanalyzed results from sperm competition trials in which embryos of known parenthood had been raised singly in either a stress- or non-stress environment. Paternal coloration did not correlate with any measures of offspring performance. However, offspring growth was reduced with higher kinship coefficients between the parents. To test the robustness of these first observations, we collected a new sample of wild males and females, used their gametes in a full-factorial in vitro breeding experiment, and singly raised about 3000 embryos in either a stress- or non-stress environment (stress induced by microbes). Again, paternal coloration did not predict offspring performance, while offspring growth was reduced with higher kinship between the parents. We conclude that, in lake char, the genetic benefits of mate choice would be strongest if females could recognize and avoid genetically related males, while male breeding colors may be more relevant in intra-sexual selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Garaud
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Nusbaumer
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Christian de Guttry
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Environmental Bioinformatic Group, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurie Ançay
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Audrey Atherton
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emilien Lasne
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, UMR CARRTEL, Station d'Hydrobiologie Lacustre, Thonon Cedex, France
- UMR DECOD (Ecosystem Dynamics and Sustainability), INRAE, Institut Agro, IFREMER, Rennes, France
| | - Claus Wedekind
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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2
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Yaripour S, Huuskonen H, Kipriianov PV, Kekäläinen J, Herz L, Akkanen J, Vainikka A, Janhunen M, Kortet R. Exposure of gametes to aged nano-sized plastic particles during fertilization can influence early larval development in the European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 250:106264. [PMID: 35970114 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution has been a growing environmental concern for decades, increasingly affecting both marine and freshwater ecosystems worldwide. Nano-sized plastic particles (NPs) potentially have various toxicological impacts on aquatic organisms and the ecosystem; however, less is known about their possible adverse effects on the reproductive biology and offspring traits of fishes. The present study investigated whether an acute exposure of gametes to aged NPs during fertilization affects offspring early mortality, hatching time, body size at hatching or swimming performance of larvae in a common freshwater fish, the European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus). Using a replicated full-factorial breeding design, we fertilized the eggs of seven females with the milt of seven males both under exposure medium containing aged 270 nm polystyrene NPs and under control medium. In comparison with the control group, exposure of gametes to NPs increased larval body length slightly but significantly, whereas the embryo mortality, hatching time, and larval swimming performance were not affected. Maternal identity affected significantly all the studied offspring traits while paternal identity only affected the offspring length. Our results suggest that the studied acute exposure of gametes to aged NPs might have interfered normal embryonic development by affecting larval size, but this did not seemingly compromise offspring performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Yaripour
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland.
| | - Hannu Huuskonen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Pavel Vladimirovich Kipriianov
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Jukka Kekäläinen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Lena Herz
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Jarkko Akkanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Anssi Vainikka
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Matti Janhunen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Yliopistokatu 6, Joensuu FI-80100, Finland
| | - Raine Kortet
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
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3
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Chiara V, Velando A, Kim SY. Relationships between male secondary sexual traits, physiological state and offspring viability in the three-spined stickleback. BMC Ecol Evol 2022; 22:4. [PMID: 34996346 PMCID: PMC8742421 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01958-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual signals produced by males play a central role in sexual selection, but the relationship between these traits and the quality of the bearer are often ambiguous. Secondary sexual traits may represent genetic quality of the bearer, resulting in positive relationships with physiological state, or may be costly to produce, showing trade-off with physiological state. A number of studies have explored the relationships between secondary sexual traits and other functional traits, but few have studied their fitness consequences. We studied the link between diverse physiological traits and both morphological and behavioural sexual traits and examined how their interplay influences offspring viability in the three-spined stickleback. RESULTS Male sticklebacks showing nest building and courtship behaviour were smaller than those not investing in reproductive activities. There was no evidence that the expression of red nuptial colouration and the quality of courtship behaviour of males are positively related to their metabolic rates, swim ability, oxidative damage and mtDNA copy number. However, individuals showing larger red nuptial colour areas had higher levels of oxidative DNA damage in their sperm. Male courtship behaviour and aggressiveness, but not red colour area, were good predictors of offspring hatching and survival. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that, in our study population at the southern edge of the species' distribution, sexual colouration of male sticklebacks was not a good indicator of their body state, but both courtship quality and aggressiveness during the courtship are reliable cues of their gamete quality, influencing the viability of their offspring. Thus, females that choose mates based on their courtship behaviour will have high fitness. In the study population, which represents a fast pace-of-life with high reproductive rate and short lifespan, sexual ornaments of males may not honestly signal their physiological and physical state because they invest at maximum in a single reproductive season despite high costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violette Chiara
- Grupo Ecoloxía Animal, Torre CACTI, Centro de Investigación Mariña, Campus de Vigo, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Alberto Velando
- Grupo Ecoloxía Animal, Torre CACTI, Centro de Investigación Mariña, Campus de Vigo, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Sin-Yeon Kim
- Grupo Ecoloxía Animal, Torre CACTI, Centro de Investigación Mariña, Campus de Vigo, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
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4
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Yaripour S, Huuskonen H, Rahman T, Kekäläinen J, Akkanen J, Magris M, Kipriianov PV, Kortet R. Pre-fertilization exposure of sperm to nano-sized plastic particles decreases offspring size and swimming performance in the European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118196. [PMID: 34555795 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of aquatic organisms to micro- and nano-sized plastic debris in their environment has become an alarming concern. Besides having a number of potentially harmful impacts for individual organisms, plastic particles can also influence the phenotype and performance of their offspring. We tested whether the sperm pre-fertilization exposure to nanoplastic particles could affect offspring survival, size, and swimming performance in the European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus. We exposed sperm of ten whitefish males to three concentrations (0, 100 and 10 000 pcs spermatozoa-1) of 50 nm carboxyl-coated polystyrene spheres, recorded sperm motility parameters using computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) and then fertilized the eggs of five females in all possible male-female combinations. Finally, we studied embryonic mortality, hatching time, size, and post-hatching swimming performance of the offspring. We found that highest concentration of plastic particles decreased sperm motility and offspring hatching time. Furthermore, sperm exposure to highest concentration of plastics reduced offspring body mass and impaired their swimming ability. This suggests that sperm pre-fertilization exposure to plastic pollution may decrease male fertilization potential and have important transgenerational impacts for offspring phenotype and performance. Our findings indicate that nanoplastics pollution may have significant ecological and evolutionary consequences in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Yaripour
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland.
| | - Hannu Huuskonen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Tawfiqur Rahman
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Jukka Kekäläinen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Jarkko Akkanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Martina Magris
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Pavel Vladimirovich Kipriianov
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Raine Kortet
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland
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5
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Perroud G, Nusbaumer D, de Guttry C, Wedekind C. Male sexual signaling and expected effects of hatchery-induced sperm competition vary with water depth at which whitefish are caught. Curr Zool 2021; 67:337-340. [PMID: 34616927 PMCID: PMC8488998 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Perroud
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Nusbaumer
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian de Guttry
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claus Wedekind
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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6
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Karvonen A, Beck SV, Skúlason S, Kristjánsson BK, Leblanc CA. Variation in parasite resistance of Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, between and within sympatric morphs. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:14024-14032. [PMID: 34707836 PMCID: PMC8525083 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variation in resistance against parasite infections is a predominant feature in host-parasite systems. However, mechanisms maintaining genetic polymorphism in resistance in natural host populations are generally poorly known. We explored whether differences in natural infection pressure between resource-based morphs of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) have resulted in differentiation in resistance profiles. We experimentally exposed offspring of two morphs from Lake Þingvallavatn (Iceland), the pelagic planktivorous charr ("murta") and the large benthivorous charr ("kuðungableikja"), to their common parasite, eye fluke Diplostomum baeri, infecting the eye humor. We found that there were no differences in resistance between the morphs, but clear differences among families within each morph. Moreover, we found suggestive evidence of resistance of offspring within families being positively correlated with the parasite load of the father, but not with that of the mother. Our results suggest that the inherited basis of parasite resistance in this system is likely to be related to variation among host individuals within each morph rather than ecological factors driving divergent resistance profiles at morph level. Overall, this may have implications for evolution of resistance through processes such as sexual selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anssi Karvonen
- Department of Biological and Environmental ScienceUniversity of JyvaskylaJyvaskylaFinland
| | - Samantha V. Beck
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish BiologyHólar UniversitySauðárkrókurIceland
- Galloway Fisheries TrustNewton StewartScotland
| | - Skúli Skúlason
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish BiologyHólar UniversitySauðárkrókurIceland
| | | | - Camille A. Leblanc
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish BiologyHólar UniversitySauðárkrókurIceland
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7
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Rahman MM, Siddique A, Rahman MA, Rahman SM, Asaduzzaman M, Khanom M, Khatun MM, Hasan MM. The interactive effects of paternal size and offspring feeding strategy on offspring fitness of an Indian major carp
Labeo rohita
(Hamilton, 1822). AQUACULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 51:2421-2431. [DOI: 10.1111/are.14586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Moshiur Rahman
- Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Tokyo Japan
- Fisheries & Marine Resource Technology Discipline Khulna University Khulna Bangladesh
| | - Asif Siddique
- Fisheries & Marine Resource Technology Discipline Khulna University Khulna Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ashikur Rahman
- Fisheries & Marine Resource Technology Discipline Khulna University Khulna Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Mustafizur Rahman
- Fisheries & Marine Resource Technology Discipline Khulna University Khulna Bangladesh
- Fish Resources Research Center King Faisal University Hofuf Al‐Ahsa Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Asaduzzaman
- Department of Marine Bioresource Science Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chittagong Bangladesh
| | - Momotaz Khanom
- Fisheries & Marine Resource Technology Discipline Khulna University Khulna Bangladesh
| | - Mst. Muslima Khatun
- Fisheries & Marine Resource Technology Discipline Khulna University Khulna Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mehedi Hasan
- Fisheries & Marine Resource Technology Discipline Khulna University Khulna Bangladesh
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science Faculty of Science The University of Sydney Camden NSW Australia
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8
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Kekäläinen J, Jokiniemi A, Janhunen M, Huuskonen H. Offspring phenotype is shaped by the nonsperm fraction of semen. J Evol Biol 2020; 33:584-594. [PMID: 31984576 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In a large majority of animal species, the only contribution of males to the next generation has been assumed to be their genes (sperm). However, along with sperm, seminal plasma contains a wide array of extracellular factors that have many important functions in reproduction. Yet, the potential intergenerational effects of these factors are virtually unknown. We investigated these effects in European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) by experimentally manipulating the presence and identity of seminal plasma and by fertilizing the eggs of multiple females with the manipulated and unmanipulated semen of several males in a full-factorial breeding design. The presence of both own seminal plasma and foreign seminal plasma inhibited sperm motility, and the removal of own seminal plasma decreased embryo survival. Embryos hatched significantly earlier after both semen manipulations than in control fertilizations; foreign seminal plasma also increased offspring aerobic swimming performance. Given that our experimental design allowed us to control potentially confounding sperm-mediated (sire) effects and maternal effects, our results indicate that seminal plasma may have direct intergenerational consequences for offspring phenotype and performance. This novel source of offspring phenotypic variance may provide new insights into the evolution of polyandry and mechanisms that maintain heritable variation in fitness and associated female mating preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jukka Kekäläinen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Annalaura Jokiniemi
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Matti Janhunen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Joensuu, Finland
| | - Hannu Huuskonen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
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9
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10
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Berzins LL, Dawson RD. Does experimentally altered plumage ornamentation of female passerines influence nestling quality? A test in female tree swallows. Ethology 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisha L. Berzins
- Ecosystem Science and Management Program University of Northern British Columbia Prince George British Columbia Canada
| | - Russell D. Dawson
- Ecosystem Science and Management Program University of Northern British Columbia Prince George British Columbia Canada
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11
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Lüdtke DU, Foerster K. Choosy males court both large, colourful females and less colourful but responsive females for longer. Anim Behav 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2018.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Kekäläinen J, Oskoei P, Janhunen M, Koskinen H, Kortet R, Huuskonen H. Sperm pre-fertilization thermal environment shapes offspring phenotype and performance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:jeb.181412. [PMID: 30171097 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.181412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The sperm pre-fertilization environment has recently been suggested to mediate remarkable transgenerational consequences for offspring phenotype (transgenerational plasticity, TGB), but the adaptive significance of the process has remained unclear. Here, we studied the transgenerational effects of sperm pre-fertilization thermal environment in a cold-adapted salmonid, the European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus). We used a full-factorial breeding design where the eggs of five females were fertilized with the milt of 10 males that had been pre-incubated at two different temperatures (3.5°C and 6.5°C) for 15 h prior to fertilization. Thermal manipulation did not affect sperm motility, cell size, fertilization success or embryo mortality. However, offspring that were fertilized with 6.5°C-exposed milt were smaller and had poorer swimming performance than their full-siblings that had been fertilized with the 3.5°C-exposed milt. Furthermore, the effect of milt treatment on embryo mortality varied among different females (treatment×female interaction) and male-female combinations (treatment×female×male interaction). Together, these results indicate that sperm pre-fertilization thermal environment shapes offspring phenotype and post-hatching performance and modifies both the magnitude of female (dam) effects and the compatibility of the gametes. Generally, our results suggest that short-term changes in sperm thermal conditions may have negative impact for offspring fitness. Thus, sperm thermal environment may have an important role in determining the adaptation potential of organisms to climate change. Detailed mechanism(s) behind our findings require further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jukka Kekäläinen
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Párástu Oskoei
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland.,Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Matti Janhunen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Survontie 9, FI-40500 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Heikki Koskinen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Huuhtajantie 160, FI-72210 Tervo, Finland
| | - Raine Kortet
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Hannu Huuskonen
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
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13
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Deslauriers D, Svendsen JC, Genz J, Wall AJ, Baktoft H, Enders EC, Anderson WG. Environmental calcium and variation in yolk sac size influence swimming performance in larval lake sturgeon ( Acipenser fulvescens). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:jeb.164533. [PMID: 29440358 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.164533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In many animal species, performance in the early life stages strongly affects recruitment to the adult population; however, factors that influence early life history stages are often the least understood. This is particularly relevant for lake sturgeon, Acipenser fulvescens, living in areas where environmental calcium concentrations are declining, partly due to anthropogenic activity. As calcium is important for muscle contraction and fatigue resistance, declining calcium levels could constrain swimming performance. Similarly, swimming performance could be influenced by variation in yolk sac volume, because the yolk sac is likely to affect drag forces during swimming. Testing swimming performance of larval A. fulvescens reared in four different calcium treatments spanning the range of 4-132 mg l-1 [Ca2+], this study found no treatment effects on the sprint swimming speed. A novel test of volitional swimming performance, however, revealed reduced swimming performance in the low calcium environment. Specifically, volitionally swimming larvae covered a shorter distance before swimming cessation in the low calcium environment compared with the other treatments. Moreover, sprint swimming speed in larvae with a large yolk sac was significantly slower than in larvae with a small yolk sac, regardless of body length variation. Thus, elevated maternal allocation (i.e. more yolk) was associated with reduced swimming performance. Data suggest that larvae in low calcium environments or with a large yolk sac exhibit reduced swimming performance and could be more susceptible to predation or premature downstream drift. Our study reveals how environmental factors and phenotypic variation influence locomotor performance in a larval fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Deslauriers
- University of Manitoba, Department of Biological Sciences, 369 Duff Roblin, 190 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.,Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Central & Arctic Region, Freshwater Institute, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada
| | - Jon C Svendsen
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Central & Arctic Region, Freshwater Institute, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada .,Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.,Technical University of Denmark, National Institute of Aquatic Resources (DTU-Aqua), Section for Ecosystem based Marine Management, Kemitorvet, Building 201, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Janet Genz
- University of Manitoba, Department of Biological Sciences, 369 Duff Roblin, 190 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.,University of West Georgia, Biology Department, 1601 Maple Street, Carrollton, GA 30118, USA
| | - Alex J Wall
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Central & Arctic Region, Freshwater Institute, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada
| | - Henrik Baktoft
- Technical University of Denmark, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Section for Freshwater Fisheries and Ecology, Vejlsøvej 39, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Eva C Enders
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Central & Arctic Region, Freshwater Institute, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada
| | - W Gary Anderson
- University of Manitoba, Department of Biological Sciences, 369 Duff Roblin, 190 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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14
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Fitzpatrick CL, Servedio MR. Male mate choice, male quality, and the potential for sexual selection on female traits under polygyny. Evolution 2016; 71:174-183. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney L. Fitzpatrick
- National Evolutionary Synthesis Center Chapel Hill North Carolina 27599
- Duke University, Biology Department Durham North Carolina 27708
- University of North Carolina‐Chapel Hill, Biology Department Chapel Hill North Carolina 27599
| | - Maria R. Servedio
- University of North Carolina‐Chapel Hill, Biology Department Chapel Hill North Carolina 27599
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15
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Context-dependent dynamic UV signaling in female threespine sticklebacks. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17474. [PMID: 26658986 PMCID: PMC4674694 DOI: 10.1038/srep17474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Color signals, including ultraviolet (UV) signals, are widespread throughout the animal kingdom and color changes can be influenced by reproductive and motivational state. However, studies on dynamic changes of UV signals are scarce. Three spine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) that show intraspecific UV communication were used to study dynamic UV signaling in females. Reflectance measurements were taken from the distended abdomen, which serves as signal of female fecundity and readiness to spawn for courting males, and the melanized dorsal region. Scans were taken during egg maturation as well as before and after stimulation with a male to investigate context-dependent color changes. We used a physiological model of vision to determine how females might be perceived by conspecifics and quantified chromatic contrasts among both body regions and between body regions and the background for all stages. Females showed a significant increase in abdominal UV intensity during egg maturation and in response to a courting male. Measures of chromatic contrast among body regions (abdomen vs. dorsal region) and against the background (abdomen vs. background) were also increased during egg maturation and in response to the male stimulus (abdomen vs. background). Our results provide evidence for dynamic UV signaling in females in a reproductive context.
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Kekäläinen J, Soler C, Veentaus S, Huuskonen H. Male Investments in High Quality Sperm Improve Fertilization Success, but May Have Negative Impact on Offspring Fitness in Whitefish. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137005. [PMID: 26389594 PMCID: PMC4577118 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Many ejaculate traits show remarkable variation in relation to male social status. Males in disfavoured (subordinate) mating positions often invest heavily on sperm motility but may have less available resources on traits (e.g., secondary sexual ornaments) that improve the probability of gaining matings. Although higher investments in sperm motility can increase the relative fertilization success of subordinate males, it is unclear whether status-dependent differences in sperm traits could have any consequences for offspring fitness. We tested this possibility in whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus L.) by experimentally fertilizing the eggs of 24 females with the sperm of either highly-ornamented (large breeding tubercles, dominant) or less-ornamented (small tubercles, subordinate) males (split-clutch breeding design). In comparison to highly-ornamented individuals, less-ornamented males had higher sperm motility, which fertilized the eggs more efficiently, but produced embryos with impaired hatching success. Also offspring size and body condition were lower among less-ornamented males. Furthermore, sperm motility was positively associated with the fertilization success and offspring size, but only in highly-ornamented males. Together our results indicate that male investments on highly motile (fertile) sperm is not necessarily advantageous during later offspring ontogeny and that male status-dependent differences in sperm phenotype may have important effects on offspring fitness in different life-history stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jukka Kekäläinen
- Department of Biology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Carles Soler
- Departament de Biologia Funcional i Antropologia Física, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Sami Veentaus
- Department of Biology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Hannu Huuskonen
- Department of Biology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
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Pampush JD. Selection played a role in the evolution of the human chin. J Hum Evol 2015; 82:127-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Beck ML, Hopkins WA, Hawley DM. Relationships among plumage coloration, blood selenium concentrations, and immune responses of adult and nestling tree swallows. J Exp Biol 2015; 218:3415-24. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.123794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In a number of taxa, males and females both display ornaments that may be associated with individual quality and could be reliable signals to potential mates or rivals. We examined the iridescent blue/green back and white breast of adult tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) to determine if plumage reflectance was related to adult or offspring immune responses. We simultaneously addressed the influence of blood selenium levels and the interaction between blood selenium and plumage coloration on adult and nestling immunity. Selenium is a well-known antioxidant necessary for mounting a robust immune response but its importance in wild birds remains poorly understood. In females, the brightness of white breast coloration was positively associated with bactericidal capacity, but there was no association with blood selenium. In contrast, male bactericidal capacity was associated with an interactive effect between dorsal plumage coloration and blood selenium concentrations. Males with bluer hues and greater blue chroma showed increased bactericidal capacity as blood selenium concentrations increased, while bactericidal capacity declined in greener males at higher blood selenium concentrations. In nestlings, bactericidal capacity was positively associated with nestling blood selenium concentrations and white brightness of both social parents. These results suggest that white plumage reflectance is indicative of quality in tree swallows and that greater attention should be paid to the reflectance of large white plumage patches. Additionally, the role of micronutrients, such as selenium, in mediating relationships between physiology and signals of quality, should be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Beck
- 106 Cheatham Hall, Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0321, USA
| | - William A. Hopkins
- 106 Cheatham Hall, Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0321, USA
| | - Dana M. Hawley
- 2125 Derring Hall, Department of Biology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0406, USA
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Lai YT, Kekäläinen J, Kortet R. Male Ornamentation in the European Minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) Signals Swimming Performance. Ethology 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Te Lai
- Department of Biology; University of Eastern Finland; Joensuu Finland
| | - Jukka Kekäläinen
- Department of Biology; University of Eastern Finland; Joensuu Finland
| | - Raine Kortet
- Department of Biology; University of Eastern Finland; Joensuu Finland
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Potti J, Canal D, Serrano D. Lifetime fitness and age-related female ornament signalling: evidence for survival and fecundity selection in the pied flycatcher. J Evol Biol 2013; 26:1445-57. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Potti
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology; Estación Biológica de Doñana - CSIC; Seville Spain
| | - D. Canal
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology; Estación Biológica de Doñana - CSIC; Seville Spain
| | - D. Serrano
- Department of Conservation Biology; Estación Biológica de Doñana - CSIC; Seville Spain
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Remeš V, Matysioková B. More ornamented females produce higher-quality offspring in a socially monogamous bird: an experimental study in the great tit (Parus major). Front Zool 2013; 10:14. [PMID: 23521836 PMCID: PMC3617070 DOI: 10.1186/1742-9994-10-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Animals are often conspicuously colored and explanations range from aposematism and mimicry to sexual selection. Although sexual selection explains vivid coloration in males, functional significance of vivid coloration in females of socially monogamous species remains unclear. The hypothesis of mutual mate choice predicts that more ornamented females produce offspring of higher quality. We tested this prediction in the great tit (Parus major), a small, insectivorous, socially monogamous passerine. RESULTS In both females and males we quantified three ornaments that have been hypothesized to have signaling role in this species (size of black breast stripe, carotenoid chroma of yellow breast feathers, immaculateness of the white cheek). We swapped broods between nests soon after hatching, thus separating genetic plus pre-hatching vs. post-hatching effects on offspring performance. Body mass of offspring at 14 days of age was positively related to the area of black breast stripe of genetic mothers. Immune response to a novel antigen (phytohaemagglutinin) at 14 days of age was positively related to the immaculateness of the white cheek patch of both genetic and foster mothers. CONCLUSIONS We showed that females with more elaborate ornaments produced higher-quality offspring and we discuss potential proximate mechanisms of these relationships. We conclude that as more elaborate ornaments were reliable signals of offspring quality, direct selection by male mate choice might have been responsible for the evolution and/or maintenance of these signaling traits in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimír Remeš
- Department of Zoology & Laboratory of Ornithology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17, listopadu 50, 77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Female blue tits with brighter yellow chests transfer more carotenoids to their eggs after an immune challenge. Oecologia 2013; 173:387-97. [PMID: 23512200 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-013-2617-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Female ornaments are present in many species, and it is more and more accepted that sexual or social selection may lead to their evolution. By contrast, the information conveyed by female ornaments is less well understood. Here, we investigated the links between female ornaments and maternal effects. In birds, an important maternal effect is the transmission of resources, such as carotenoids, into egg yolk. Carotenoids are pigments with antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties that are crucial for females and developing offspring. In blue tits, we evaluated whether ultraviolet (UV)/blue and yellow feather colouration signals a female's capacity to allocate carotenoids to egg yolk. Because mounting an immune response is costly and trade-offs are more detectable under harsh conditions, we challenged the immune system of females before laying and examined the carotenoid level of their eggs afterward. A positive association between feather carotenoid chroma and egg carotenoid level would be expected if yellow colouration signals basal immunity. Alternatively, if female colouration more generally reflects maternal capacity to invest in reproduction under challenging conditions, then other components of colouration (i.e. yellow brightness and UV/blue colouration) could be linked to maternal capacity to invest in eggs. No association between egg carotenoid levels and UV/blue crown colouration or female yellow chest chroma was found; the latter result suggests that yellow colouration does not signal immune capacity at laying in this species. By contrast, we found that, among females that mounted a detectable response to the vaccine, those with brighter yellow chests transmitted more carotenoids into their eggs. This result suggests yellow brightness signals maternal capacity to invest in reproduction under challenging conditions, and that male blue tits may benefit directly from choosing brighter yellow females.
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Falica BK, Higgs DM. Paternal Genetic Effects on Offspring Swimming Performance Vary with Age of Juvenile Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. Evol Biol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11692-012-9217-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Nordeide JT, Kekäläinen J, Janhunen M, Kortet R. Female ornaments revisited - are they correlated with offspring quality? J Anim Ecol 2012. [PMID: 23194443 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The evolution and signalling content of female ornamentation has remained an enduring challenge to evolutionary biologists, despite the fact that secondary sexual characters are widespread in females. While females usually invest significant amounts of their resources, including carotenoids, in offspring, all the resources allocated to elaborate ornamentation reduce resources available for other purposes. This may in turn constrain female fitness leading to dishonest female signalling. We review the literature for empirical studies on mutually ornamented species with conventional sex roles, by focusing on the association between female ornaments and quality of their offspring. We found 43 papers where 33 (77%) are bird-studies, nine (21%) are on fishes, and one (2%) is a lizard-study. Nine of these report negative, 14 non-existing, and 20 positive associations between female ornament and offspring quality. Eighteen of the bird studies (55%) show a positive association between the two traits investigated, whereas five (15%) of the studies report a negative association. The number of fish studies, although few, is skewed in the opposite direction with two (22%) and four (44%) studies supporting positive and negative association, respectively. A minority of studies on carotenoids-based ornaments reports a positive association (4 of 18 studies, or 22%) between the traits, which is low compared to studies on non-carotenoids-based ornaments (16 of 25 studies, or 64%). The above-mentioned relative large number of studies with negative association, especially common in studies on fishes and in carotenoids-based-ornaments, challenges the generality of the direct selection hypothesis to account for female fineries. This is important because this hypothesis seems to have strong support in recent literature on the topic. In the present paper, we also propose possible explanations for the observed differences between taxa and suggest directions and ideas for future research on the evolution of female ornamentation.
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Prokop ZM, Michalczyk Ł, Drobniak SM, Herdegen M, Radwan J. META-ANALYSIS SUGGESTS CHOOSY FEMALES GET SEXY SONS MORE THAN “GOOD GENES”. Evolution 2012; 66:2665-73. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01654.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Thünken T, Meuthen D, Bakker TCM, Baldauf SA. A sex-specific trade-off between mating preferences for genetic compatibility and body size in a cichlid fish with mutual mate choice. Proc Biol Sci 2012; 279:2959-64. [PMID: 22513859 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2012.0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mating preferences for genetic compatibility strictly depend on the interplay of the genotypes of potential partners and are therein fundamentally different from directional preferences for ornamental secondary sexual traits. Thus, the most compatible partner is on average not the one with most pronounced ornaments and vice versa. Hence, mating preferences may often conflict. Here, we present a solution to this problem while investigating the interplay of mating preferences for relatedness (a compatibility criterion) and large body size (an ornamental or quality trait). In previous experiments, both sexes of Pelvicachromis taeniatus, a cichlid fish with mutual mate choice, showed preferences for kin and large partners when these criteria were tested separately. In the present study, test fish were given a conflicting choice between two potential mating partners differing in relatedness as well as in body size in such a way that preferences for both criteria could not simultaneously be satisfied. We show that a sex-specific trade-off occurs between mating preferences for body size and relatedness. For females, relatedness gained greater importance than body size, whereas the opposite was true for males. We discuss the potential role of the interplay between mating preferences for relatedness and body size for the evolution of inbreeding preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Thünken
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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Salehialavi Y, Fritzsche K, Arnqvist G. The cost of mating and mutual mate choice in 2 role–reversed honey locust beetles. Behav Ecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arr097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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HUUSKONEN HANNU, KEKÄLÄINEN JUKKA, PANDA BINEET, SHIKANO TAKAHITO, KORTET RAINE. Embryonic survival and larval predator-avoidance ability in mutually ornamented whitefish. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01664.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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JANHUNEN MATTI, KEKÄLÄINEN JUKKA, KORTET RAINE, HYVÄRINEN PEKKA, PIIRONEN JORMA. No evidence for an indirect benefit from female mate preference in Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus, but female ornamentation decreases offspring viability. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01659.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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