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Wietz M, Engel A, Ramondenc S, Niwano M, von Appen WJ, Priest T, von Jackowski A, Metfies K, Bienhold C, Boetius A. The Arctic summer microbiome across Fram Strait: Depth, longitude, and substrate concentrations structure microbial diversity in the euphotic zone. Environ Microbiol 2024; 26:e16568. [PMID: 38268397 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The long-term dynamics of microbial communities across geographic, hydrographic, and biogeochemical gradients in the Arctic Ocean are largely unknown. To address this, we annually sampled polar, mixed, and Atlantic water masses of the Fram Strait (2015-2019; 5-100 m depth) to assess microbiome composition, substrate concentrations, and oceanographic parameters. Longitude and water depth were the major determinants (~30%) of microbial community variability. Bacterial alpha diversity was highest in lower-photic polar waters. Community composition shifted from west to east, with the prevalence of, for example, Dadabacteriales and Thiotrichales in Arctic- and Atlantic-influenced waters, respectively. Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon peaked in the western, compared to carbohydrates in the chlorophyll-maximum of eastern Fram Strait. Interannual differences due to the time of sampling, which varied between early (June 2016/2018) and late (September 2019) phytoplankton bloom stages, illustrated that phytoplankton composition and resulting availability of labile substrates influence bacterial dynamics. We identified 10 species clusters with stable environmental correlations, representing signature populations of distinct ecosystem states. In context with published metagenomic evidence, our microbial-biogeochemical inventory of a key Arctic region establishes a benchmark to assess ecosystem dynamics and the imprint of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Wietz
- Deep-Sea Ecology and Technology, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Anja Engel
- Biological Oceanography, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
| | - Simon Ramondenc
- Deep-Sea Ecology and Technology, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Matomo Niwano
- Deep-Sea Ecology and Technology, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Wilken-Jon von Appen
- Physical Oceanography of the Polar Seas, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Taylor Priest
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anabel von Jackowski
- Biological Oceanography, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katja Metfies
- Polar Biological Oceanography, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at the University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Christina Bienhold
- Deep-Sea Ecology and Technology, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Antje Boetius
- Deep-Sea Ecology and Technology, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Namsaraev Z, Kozlova A, Tuzov F, Krylova A, Izotova A, Makarov I, Bezgreshnov A, Melnikova A, Trofimova A, Kuzmin D, Patrushev M, Toshchakov S. Biogeographic Analysis Suggests Two Types of Planktonic Prokaryote Communities in the Barents Sea. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1310. [PMID: 37887020 PMCID: PMC10604488 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The Barents Sea is one of the most rapidly changing Arctic regions, with an unprecedented sea ice decline and increase in water temperature and salinity. We have studied the diversity of prokaryotic communities using 16S metabarcoding in the western and northeastern parts of the Barents Sea along the Kola Section and the section from Novaya Zemlya to Franz Joseph Land. The hypothesis-independent clustering method revealed the existence of two distinct types of communities. The most common prokaryotic taxa were shared between two types of communities, but their relative abundance was different. It was found that the geographic location of the sampling sites explained more than 30% of the difference between communities, while no statistically significant correlation between environmental parameters and community composition was found. The representatives of the Psychrobacter, Sulfitobacter and Polaribacter genera were dominant in samples from both types of communities. The first type of community was also dominated by members of Halomonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Planococcaceae and an unclassified representative of the Alteromonadaceae family. The second type of community also had a significant proportion of Nitrincolaceae, SAR92, SAR11 Clade I, NS9, Cryomorphaceae and SUP05 representatives. The origin of these communities can be explained by the influence of environmental factors or by the different origins of water masses. This research highlights the importance of studying biogeographic patterns in the Barents Sea in comparison with those in the North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean prokaryote communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorigto Namsaraev
- Kurchatov Centre for Genome Research, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Aleksandra Kozlova
- Kurchatov Centre for Genome Research, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Fedor Tuzov
- Department of Oceanology, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- All-Russian Research Institute for Civil Defense and Emergencies, 121352 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Krylova
- Kurchatov Centre for Genome Research, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Izotova
- Kurchatov Centre for Genome Research, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Andrei Bezgreshnov
- Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, 199397 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna Melnikova
- Kurchatov Centre for Genome Research, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Trofimova
- Department of Geography and Hydrometeorology, Higher School of Natural Sciences and Technologies, Northern (Arctic) Federal University, 163002 Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Denis Kuzmin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Maksim Patrushev
- Kurchatov Centre for Genome Research, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stepan Toshchakov
- Kurchatov Centre for Genome Research, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia
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Fernández-Gómez B, Díez B, Polz MF, Arroyo JI, Alfaro FD, Marchandon G, Sanhueza C, Farías L, Trefault N, Marquet PA, Molina-Montenegro MA, Sylvander P, Snoeijs-Leijonmalm P. Bacterial community structure in a sympagic habitat expanding with global warming: brackish ice brine at 85-90 °N. THE ISME JOURNAL 2019; 13:316-333. [PMID: 30228379 PMCID: PMC6331608 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-018-0268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Larger volumes of sea ice have been thawing in the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO) during the last decades than during the past 800,000 years. Brackish brine (fed by meltwater inside the ice) is an expanding sympagic habitat in summer all over the CAO. We report for the first time the structure of bacterial communities in this brine. They are composed of psychrophilic extremophiles, many of them related to phylotypes known from Arctic and Antarctic regions. Community structure displayed strong habitat segregation between brackish ice brine (IB; salinity 2.4-9.6) and immediate sub-ice seawater (SW; salinity 33.3-34.9), expressed at all taxonomic levels (class to genus), by dominant phylotypes as well as by the rare biosphere, and with specialists dominating IB and generalists SW. The dominant phylotypes in IB were related to Candidatus Aquiluna and Flavobacterium, those in SW to Balneatrix and ZD0405, and those shared between the habitats to Halomonas, Polaribacter and Shewanella. A meta-analysis for the oligotrophic CAO showed a pattern with Flavobacteriia dominating in melt ponds, Flavobacteriia and Gammaproteobacteria in solid ice cores, Flavobacteriia, Gamma- and Betaproteobacteria, and Actinobacteria in brine, and Alphaproteobacteria in SW. Based on our results, we expect that the roles of Actinobacteria and Betaproteobacteria in the CAO will increase with global warming owing to the increased production of meltwater in summer. IB contained three times more phylotypes than SW and may act as an insurance reservoir for bacterial diversity that can act as a recruitment base when environmental conditions change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Fernández-Gómez
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Pontifical University Catholic of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- INTA-Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Beatriz Díez
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Pontifical University Catholic of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Martin F Polz
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - José Ignacio Arroyo
- Department of Ecology, Pontifical University Catholic of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando D Alfaro
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Germán Marchandon
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Pontifical University Catholic of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cynthia Sanhueza
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Pontifical University Catholic of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Laura Farías
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research, Concepción, Chile
- Department of Oceanography, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Nicole Trefault
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A Marquet
- Department of Ecology, Pontifical University Catholic of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marco A Molina-Montenegro
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Peter Sylvander
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Del Negro P, Celussi M, De Vittor C, Fonda Umani S. Rapid acclimation of microbes to changing substrate pools in epipelagic waters of an Antarctic polynya during austral summer 2003. Polar Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-017-2165-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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