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Ferreira LSBP, Owatari MS, de Oliveira Nuñer AP, Lapa KR. Biofilm viability and microbial community of non-inoculated moving bed biofilm reactor in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus cultivation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130527. [PMID: 38437971 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate two moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR) without nitrifying bacteria inoculation. Biofilms and viable bacterial colonies were evaluated after 124 days. MBBR bioreactors received water from Oreochromis niloticus fish farming and water quality parameters were monitored daily. Four distinct phases with different fish stocking density were established.: phase 1 (2.40 kg m-3), phase 2 (4.95 kg m-3), phase 3 (8.71 kg m-3) and phase 4 (12.23 kg m-3). The successful maturation of the bioreactors occurred around on the 100th experimental day when the nitration rate increased to 57 % in MBBR1 and 38 % in MBBR2. 105 species were identified in the biofilms, which were grouped into 65 genera, three of which were essential: Pseudomonas (21.7 %), Nitrospira (15.1 %) and Gemmobacter (11.2 %). MBBR start-up without bacterial inoculation is time-consuming, however, strengthened by important nitrifying groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Schorcht Bracony Porto Ferreira
- Laboratory of Biology and Freshwater Fish Cultivation - LAPAD, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rodovia Francisco Thomaz dos Santos, 3532 - Armação, Florianópolis, SC CEP: 88066-260, Brazil
| | - Marco Shizuo Owatari
- Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory - AQUOS, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, Florianópolis, SC, CEP: 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Alex Pires de Oliveira Nuñer
- Laboratory of Biology and Freshwater Fish Cultivation - LAPAD, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rodovia Francisco Thomaz dos Santos, 3532 - Armação, Florianópolis, SC CEP: 88066-260, Brazil.
| | - Katt Regina Lapa
- Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory - AQUOS, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, Florianópolis, SC, CEP: 88040-900, Brazil
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2
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Yasir MW, Siddique MBA, Shabbir Z, Ullah H, Riaz L, Nisa WU, Shah AA. Biotreatment potential of co-contaminants hexavalent chromium and polychlorinated biphenyls in industrial wastewater: Individual and simultaneous prospects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146345. [PMID: 33752007 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Co-existence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in the environment due to effluent from industries has aggravated the pollution problem. Both contaminants can alter chemical interactions, processes and impair enzymatic activities in the ecosystem that results in negative impacts on aquatic and terrestrial life. Previously, research has been performed for the fate and transfer of these contaminants individually, but simultaneous removal approaches have not received much attention. Cr(VI) exists in a highly toxic form in the environment once released, whereas location of chlorine atoms in the ring determines PCBs toxicity. Lower chlorinated compounds are easily degradable whereas as high chlorinated compounds require sequential strategy for transformation. Microorganisms can develop different mechanism to detoxify both pollutants. However, occurrence of multiple contaminants in single system can alter the bioremediation efficiency of bacteria. Use of metal resistance bacterial for the degradation of organic compounds has been widely used bioaugmentation strategy. Along with that use of sorbents/bio sorbents, biosurfactants and phytoremediation approaches have already been well reported. Bioremediation strategy with dual potential to detoxify the Cr(VI) and PCBs would be a probable option for simultaneous biotreatment. Application of bioreactors and biofilms covered organic particles can be utilized as efficient bioaugmentation approach. In this review, biotreatment systems and bacterial oxidative and reductive enzymes/processes are explained and possible biotransformation pathway has been purposed for bioremediation of co-contaminated waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Wahab Yasir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Shamsabad Murree Road, Rawalpindi, 46300, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Bashir Ahmed Siddique
- Department of Environmental Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Shamsabad Murree Road, Rawalpindi, 46300, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Zunera Shabbir
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, SD 57006, USA.
| | - Habib Ullah
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Luqman Riaz
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Waqar-Un- Nisa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (SA-CIRBS), International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Pakistan
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3
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Booth SC, Turner RJ. Phylogenetic characterization of the energy taxis receptor Aer in Pseudomonas and phenotypic characterization in Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2020; 165:1331-1344. [PMID: 31639075 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemotaxis allows bacteria to sense gradients in their environment and respond by directing their swimming. Aer is a receptor that, instead of responding to a specific chemoattractant, allows bacteria to sense cellular energy levels and move towards favourable environments. In Pseudomonas, the number of apparent Aer homologues differs between the only two species it has been characterized in, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida. Here we combined bioinformatic approaches with deletional mutagenesis in Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 to further characterize Aer. It was determined that the number of Aer homologues varies between zero and four throughout the genus Pseudomonas, and they were phylogenetically classified into five subgroups. We also used sequence analysis to show that these homologous receptors differ in their HAMP signal transduction domains. Genetic analysis also indicated that some Aer homologues have likely been subject to horizontal transfer. P. pseudoalcaligenes KF707 was unique among strains for having three Aer homologues as well as the receptors CttP and McpB. Phenotypic characterization in this strain showed that the most prevalent homologue of Aer was key, but not essential, for energy taxis. This study demonstrates that energy taxis in Pseudomonas varies between species and provides a new naming convention and associated phylogenetic details for Aer chemoreceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean C Booth
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Present address: Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raymond J Turner
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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4
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Mugge RL, Lee JS, Brown TT, Hamdan LJ. Marine biofilm bacterial community response and carbon steel loss following Deepwater Horizon spill contaminant exposure. BIOFOULING 2019; 35:870-882. [PMID: 31603038 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2019.1673377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Steel marine structures provide foci of biodiversity when they develop into artificial reefs. Development begins with deposition of a biofilm. The effects of contaminants from oil spills on biofilm microbiomes, microbially-induced corrosion (MIC) and metal loss may impact preservation of marine metal structures. A microcosm experiment exposed biofilms on carbon steel disks (CSDs) to crude oil, dispersant, and dispersed oil to address their impacts on bacterial composition and metal loss and pitting. Biofilm diversity increased over time in all exposures. Community composition in dispersant and dispersed oil treatments deviated from the controls for the duration of a 12-week experiment. As biofilms matured, Pseudomonadaceae increased while Rhodobacteraceae decreased in abundance in dispersed oil treatments compared to the controls and dispersant treatments. Greatest mass loss and deepest pitting on CSDs were observed in dispersed oil treatments, suggesting impacts manifest as a consequence of increased MIC potential on carbon steel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Mugge
- Division of Coastal Sciences, School of Ocean Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs, MS, USA
| | - Jason S Lee
- Naval Research Laboratory, Stennis Space Center, Hancock, MS, USA
| | - Treva T Brown
- Naval Research Laboratory, Stennis Space Center, Hancock, MS, USA
| | - Leila J Hamdan
- Division of Coastal Sciences, School of Ocean Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs, MS, USA
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5
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Chemotaxis Towards Aromatic Compounds: Insights from Comamonas testosteroni. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112701. [PMID: 31159416 PMCID: PMC6600141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotaxis is an important physiological adaptation that allows many motile bacteria to orientate themselves for better niche adaptation. Chemotaxis is best understood in Escherichia coli. Other representative bacteria, such as Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Pseudomonas species, Helicobacter pylori, and Bacillus subtilis, also have been deeply studied and systemically summarized. These bacteria belong to α-, γ-, ε-Proteobacteria, or Firmicutes. However, β-Proteobacteria, of which many members have been identified as holding chemotactic pathways, lack a summary of chemotaxis. Comamonas testosteroni, belonging to β-Proteobacteria, grows with and chemotactically responds to a range of aromatic compounds. This paper summarizes the latest research on chemotaxis towards aromatic compounds, mainly from investigations of C. testosteroni and other Comamonas species.
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Unuofin JO, Okoh AI, Nwodo UU. Recovery of laccase-producing gammaproteobacteria from wastewater. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 21:e00320. [PMID: 30899681 PMCID: PMC6412166 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Selective enrichment was used to isolate active biodegradative bacteria. The role of chemotaxis in xenobiotic metabolism was elucidated. Wastewater mesocosms were identified as a repository for biodegradative bacteria.
Wastewater environment is a rich source of microorganisms with the capability for the degradation of malicious aromatic pollutants. Although wastewater could be regarded as both a resource and a problem, we intended to elucidate its beneficial aspect in this study sourcing for laccase-producing proteobacteria. Different wastewater samples, from selected wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), were selectively enriched with some model compounds (vanillin, lignin and potassium hydrogen phthalate) to screen out bacterial isolates that possess excellent degradation potentials. Thereafter, positive isolates were screened for the production of laccase and degradation on phenolic (guaiacol, α-naphthol and syringaldazine) and non-phenolic (ABTS; 2,2 azino-bis -(3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6 sulphonic acid) and PFC; potassium ferrocyanoferrate) substrates characteristic of laccase oxidation. Remarkable laccase producers were identified based on their 16 S rRNA sequences and their secreted enzymes were subjected to substrate specificity test, employing laccase substrates; ABTS, PFC, guaiacol, α-naphthol, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol and pyrogallol. Results showed that wastewater and selective enrichment, in tandem, produced the gammaproteobacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa DEJ16, Pseudomonas mendocina AEN16 and Stenotrophomonas maltophila BIJ16, which preferably oxidized the non-phenolic substrates. Units of extracellular laccase activity ranging between cca. 490 and cca. 600 U/mL were recorded for ABTS whereas outputs recorded from PFC catalysis ranged from cca. 320 to cca. 430 U/mL. Stenotrophomonas maltophila BIJ16 presented an unparalleled high laccase activity and had a responsive substrate specificity to aromatic and inorganic substrates, thereby suggesting its employment for in situ biodegradation studies. In conclusion, wastewater serves as an ideal milieu for the isolation of laccase producing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O Unuofin
- SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa
| | - Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa
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7
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Fedi S, Cappelletti M, Sandri F, Turner RJ, Zannoni D. Some facts about the respiratory enzymes of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 recently renamed as Pseudomonas furukawaii sp. nov., type strain KF707. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:3066-3067. [PMID: 30024361 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Kimura and co-workers (Kimura N et al. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018;68:1429-1435) recently proposed renaming the obligate aerobe Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 as Pseudomonas furukawiisp. nov. type strain KF707. Since the first quasi-complete genome sequence of KF707 was reported in 2012 (accession number: PRJNA83639) numerous reports on chemotaxis and function/composition of the respiratory redox chain of KF707 have been published, demonstrating that KF707 contains three cheA genes for aerobic motility, four cytochrome oxidases of c(c)aa3- and cbb3-type and one bd-type quinol oxidase. With this background in mind, it has been quite a surprise to read within Table 1 of the paper by Kimura et al. that strain KF707 is phenotypically characterized as cytochrome oxidase-negative. Further, Table 1 also reports that KF707 is β-galactosidase-positive, an affirmation that is not consistent with results documented in the current literature. In this present 'Letter to the Editor' we show that Kimura et al. have contradicted themselves and provided inaccurate information in respect to the respiratory phenotypic features of P. furukawii. Based on this, an official corrigendum is requested since the publication, as it is, blurs the credibility of the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Fedi
- 1Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Cappelletti
- 1Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Sandri
- 1Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Raymond J Turner
- 2Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Davide Zannoni
- 1Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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8
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Kimura N, Watanabe T, Suenaga H, Fujihara H, Futagami T, Goto M, Hanada S, Hirose J. Pseudomonas furukawaii sp. nov., a polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading bacterium isolated from biphenyl-contaminated soil in Japan. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:1429-1435. [PMID: 29595413 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Strain KF707T was isolated from a biphenyl-contaminated site in Kitakyushu, Japan. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, retrieved from the whole-genome sequence, revealed that the isolate was closely related to members of the genus Pseudomonas, sharing the highest sequence similarities with Pseudomonas balearica strain SP1402T (DSM 6083) (97.8 %). The DNA G+C chromosome and plasmid content of strain KF707T were 65.5 and 60.5 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c. Polyphasic analysis indicated that strain KF707T represents a novel species of the genus Pseudomonas, for which the name Pseudomonas furukawaii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KF707T (=DSM 10086T=NBRC 110670T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobutada Kimura
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takahito Watanabe
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
| | - Hikaru Suenaga
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Taiki Futagami
- Research Center for Fermentation Studies, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Goto
- Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food Science, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hanada
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Jun Hirose
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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9
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Sandri F, Musiani F, Selamoglu N, Daldal F, Zannoni D. Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 grown with biphenyl expresses a cytochrome caa 3 oxidase that uses cytochrome c 4 as electron donor. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:901-915. [PMID: 29427514 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Combining peroxidase activity-based heme staining (TMBZ/SDS/PAGE) with mass spectrometry analyses (Nano LC-MS/MS) of protein extracts from wild-type and appropriate mutants, we provide evidence that the polychlorinated biphenyl degrader Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 primarily expresses a caa3 -type cytochrome c oxidase (caa3 -Cox) using cytochrome (cyt) c4 as an electron donor in cells grown with biphenyl versus glucose as the sole carbon source. Homology modeling of KF707 caa3 -Cox using the three-dimensional structure of that from Thermus thermophilus highlights multiple similarities and differences between the proton channels in subunit I of the aa3 - and caa3 -Cox of Paracoccus and Thermus spp., respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the presence of a caa3 -Cox using cyt c4 as an electron donor in a Pseudomonas species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Sandri
- Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Musiani
- Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Nur Selamoglu
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fevzi Daldal
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Davide Zannoni
- Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology, University of Bologna, Italy
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10
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Biodegradation and chemotaxis of polychlorinated biphenyls, biphenyls, and their metabolites by Rhodococcus spp. Biodegradation 2017; 29:1-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-017-9809-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Sandri F, Fedi S, Cappelletti M, Calabrese FM, Turner RJ, Zannoni D. Biphenyl Modulates the Expression and Function of Respiratory Oxidases in the Polychlorinated-Biphenyls Degrader Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1223. [PMID: 28713350 PMCID: PMC5492768 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 is a soil bacterium which is known for its capacity to aerobically degrade harmful organic compounds such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) using biphenyl as co-metabolite. Here we provide the first genetic and functional analysis of the KF707 respiratory terminal oxidases in cells grown with two different carbon sources: glucose and biphenyl. We identified five terminal oxidases in KF707: two c(c)aa3 type oxidases (Caa3 and Ccaa3), two cbb3 type oxidases (Cbb31 and Cbb32), and one bd type cyanide-insensitive quinol oxidase (CIO). While the activity and expression of both Cbb31 and Cbb32 oxidases was prevalent in glucose grown cells as compared to the other oxidases, the activity and expression of the Caa3 oxidase increased considerably only when biphenyl was used as carbon source in contrast to the Cbb32 oxidase which was repressed. Further, the respiratory activity and expression of CIO was up-regulated in a Cbb31 deletion strain as compared to W.T. whereas the CIO up-regulation was not present in Cbb32 and C(c)aa3 deletion mutants. These results, together, reveal that both function and expression of cbb3 and caa3 type oxidases in KF707 are modulated by biphenyl which is the co-metabolite needed for the activation of the PCBs-degradation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Sandri
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of BolognaBologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Fedi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of BolognaBologna, Italy
| | - Martina Cappelletti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of BolognaBologna, Italy
| | - Francesco M Calabrese
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro"Bari, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro"Bari, Italy
| | - Raymond J Turner
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of CalgaryCalgary, AB, Canada
| | - Davide Zannoni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of BolognaBologna, Italy
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12
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Liu Y, Gong A, Qiu L, Li J, Li F. Effect of copper ion and soil humic acid on biodegradation of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microbiologyopen 2017; 6. [PMID: 28105780 PMCID: PMC5458450 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a good environmental microorganism capable of degrading decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE‐209). This paper studied the effect of Cu2+ and humic acid (HA) extracted from e‐waste contaminated soils on biodegradation of BDE‐209 by P. aeruginosa. The adsorption isotherms of Cu2+ on HA, the crude enzyme activity, cell surface morphology, and biodegradation pathway were also investigated. The results showed that BDE‐209 biodegradation by P. aeruginosa was inhibited at Cu2+ concentrations above 5 mg L−1, but exhibited the best effect at the condition of 40 mg L−1 Cu2+ + 3 g L−1 HA. At the condition of 40 mg L−1 Cu2+ + 3 g L−1 HA, 97.35 ± 2.33% of the initial BDE‐209 was degraded after 5 days, debromination efficiency was 72.14 ± 1.89%, crude enzyme activity reached the maximum of 0.519 ± 0.022U g−1 protein, cell surface of P. aeruginosa was smooth with normal short‐rod shapes, and biodegradation pathway mainly include debromination, hydroxylation, and cleavage of the diphenyl ether bond. It was suggested that soil HA could eliminate the toxic effect of high Cu2+ concentrations and biodegradation of BDE‐209 was improved by synergistic effect of HA and Cu2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.,Institute of Biotechnology, Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Science, Daqing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Aijun Gong
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Jingrui Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Fukai Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
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13
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Gkorezis P, Daghio M, Franzetti A, Van Hamme JD, Sillen W, Vangronsveld J. The Interaction between Plants and Bacteria in the Remediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons: An Environmental Perspective. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1836. [PMID: 27917161 PMCID: PMC5116465 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Widespread pollution of terrestrial ecosystems with petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) has generated a need for remediation and, given that many PHCs are biodegradable, bio- and phyto-remediation are often viable approaches for active and passive remediation. This review focuses on phytoremediation with particular interest on the interactions between and use of plant-associated bacteria to restore PHC polluted sites. Plant-associated bacteria include endophytic, phyllospheric, and rhizospheric bacteria, and cooperation between these bacteria and their host plants allows for greater plant survivability and treatment outcomes in contaminated sites. Bacterially driven PHC bioremediation is attributed to the presence of diverse suites of metabolic genes for aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, along with a broader suite of physiological properties including biosurfactant production, biofilm formation, chemotaxis to hydrocarbons, and flexibility in cell-surface hydrophobicity. In soils impacted by PHC contamination, microbial bioremediation generally relies on the addition of high-energy electron acceptors (e.g., oxygen) and fertilization to supply limiting nutrients (e.g., nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium) in the face of excess PHC carbon. As an alternative, the addition of plants can greatly improve bioremediation rates and outcomes as plants provide microbial habitats, improve soil porosity (thereby increasing mass transfer of substrates and electron acceptors), and exchange limiting nutrients with their microbial counterparts. In return, plant-associated microorganisms improve plant growth by reducing soil toxicity through contaminant removal, producing plant growth promoting metabolites, liberating sequestered plant nutrients from soil, fixing nitrogen, and more generally establishing the foundations of soil nutrient cycling. In a practical and applied sense, the collective action of plants and their associated microorganisms is advantageous for remediation of PHC contaminated soil in terms of overall cost and success rates for in situ implementation in a diversity of environments. Mechanistically, there remain biological unknowns that present challenges for applying bio- and phyto-remediation technologies without having a deep prior understanding of individual target sites. In this review, evidence from traditional and modern omics technologies is discussed to provide a framework for plant-microbe interactions during PHC remediation. The potential for integrating multiple molecular and computational techniques to evaluate linkages between microbial communities, plant communities and ecosystem processes is explored with an eye on improving phytoremediation of PHC contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Gkorezis
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt UniversityDiepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Matteo Daghio
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-BicoccaMilano, Italy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, KamloopsBC, Canada
| | - Andrea Franzetti
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-BicoccaMilano, Italy
| | | | - Wouter Sillen
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt UniversityDiepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt UniversityDiepenbeek, Belgium
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14
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Khoei NS, Andreolli M, Lampis S, Vallini G, Turner RJ. A comparison of the response of twoBurkholderia fungorumstrains grown as planktonic cells versus biofilm to dibenzothiophene and select polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Can J Microbiol 2016; 62:851-860. [DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2016-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In natural environments, bacteria often exist in close association with surfaces and interfaces by establishing biofilms. Here, we report on the ability of Burkholderia fungorum strains DBT1 and 95 to survive in high concentrations of hydrocarbons, and we compare their growth as a biofilm vs. planktonic cells. The 2 compounds tested were dibenzothiophene (DBT) and a mixture of naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene (5:2:1) as representative compounds of thiophenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), respectively. The results showed that both strains were able to degrade DBT and to survive in the presence of up to a 2000 mg·L−1concentration of this compound both as a biofilm and as free-living cells. Moreover, B. fungorum DBT1 showed reduced tolerance towards the mixed PAHs (2000 mg·L−1naphthalene, 800 mg·L−1phenanthrene, and 400 mg·L−1pyrene) both as a biofilm and as free-living cells. Conversely, biofilms of B. fungorum 95 enhanced resistance against these toxic compounds compared with planktonic cells (P < 0.05). Visual observation through confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that exposure of biofilms to DBT and PAHs altered their structure: high concentrations of DBT triggered an aggregation of biofilm cells. These findings provide new perspectives on the effectiveness of using DBT-degrading bacterial strains in bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Seyed Khoei
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Andreolli
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Lampis
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vallini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Raymond J. Turner
- Biofilm Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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15
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Fedi S, Barberi TT, Nappi MR, Sandri F, Booth S, Turner RJ, Attimonelli M, Cappelletti M, Zannoni D. The Role of cheA Genes in Swarming and Swimming Motility of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707. Microbes Environ 2016; 31:169-72. [PMID: 27151656 PMCID: PMC4912153 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me15164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A genome analysis of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707, a PCBs degrader and metal-resistant soil microorganism, revealed the presence of two novel gene clusters named che2 and che3, which were predicted to be involved in chemotaxis-like pathways, in addition to a che1 gene cluster. We herein report that the histidine kinase coding genes, cheA2 and cheA3, have no role in swimming or chemotaxis in P. pseudoalcaligenes KF707, in contrast to cheA1. However, the cheA1 and cheA2 genes were both necessary for cell swarming, whereas the cheA3 gene product had a negative effect on the optimal swarming phenotype of KF707 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Fedi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna
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16
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Booth SC, Weljie AM, Turner RJ. Metabolomics reveals differences of metal toxicity in cultures of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 grown on different carbon sources. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:827. [PMID: 26347721 PMCID: PMC4538868 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-contamination of metals and organic pollutants is a global problem as metals interfere with the metabolism of complex organics by bacteria. Based on a prior observation that metal tolerance was altered by the sole carbon source being used for growth, we sought to understand how metal toxicity specifically affects bacteria using an organic pollutant as their sole carbon source. To this end metabolomics was used to compare cultures of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 grown on either biphenyl (Bp) or succinate (Sc) as the sole carbon source in the presence of either aluminum (Al) or copper (Cu). Using multivariate statistical analysis it was found that the metals caused perturbations to more cellular processes in the cultures grown on Bp than those grown on Sc. Al induced many changes that were indicative of increased oxidative stress as metabolites involved in DNA damage and protection, the Krebs cycle and anti-oxidant production were altered. Cu also caused metabolic changes that were indicative of similar stress, as well as appearing to disrupt other key enzymes such as fumarase. Additionally, both metals caused the accumulation of Bp degradation intermediates indicating that they interfered with Bp metabolism. Together these results provide a basic understanding of how metal toxicity specifically affects bacteria at a biochemical level during the degradation of an organic pollutant and implicate the catabolism of this carbon source as a major factor that exacerbates metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean C Booth
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada
| | - Aalim M Weljie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada ; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Smilow Centre for Translational Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, USA
| | - Raymond J Turner
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada ; Biofilm Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada
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17
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Parales RE, Luu RA, Hughes JG, Ditty JL. Bacterial chemotaxis to xenobiotic chemicals and naturally-occurring analogs. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2015; 33:318-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Toxic metal resistance in biofilms: diversity of microbial responses and their evolution. Res Microbiol 2015; 166:764-73. [PMID: 25869223 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Since biofilms are an important issue in the fields of medicine and health, several recent microbiological studies have focused on their formation and their contribution to toxic compound resistance mechanisms. In this review, we describe how metals impact biofilm formation and resistance, and how biofilms can help cells resist toxic metals. First, the organic matrix acts as a barrier isolating the cells from many environmental stresses. Secondly, the metabolism of the cells changes, and a slowly-growing or non-growing sub-population of cells known as persisters emerges. Thirdly, in the case of multispecies biofilms, metabolic interactions are developed, allowing cells to be more persistent or to have greater capacity to survive than a single species biofilm. Finally, we discuss how the high density of the cells may promote horizontal gene transfer processes, resulting in the acquisition of new features. All these crucial mechanisms enable microorganisms to survive and colonize toxic environments, and probably accelerate ongoing evolutionary processes.
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19
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Abstract
Pseudomonads sense changes in the concentration of chemicals in their environment and exhibit a behavioral response mediated by flagella or pili coupled with a chemosensory system. The two known chemotaxis pathways, a flagella-mediated pathway and a putative pili-mediated system, are described in this review. Pseudomonas shows chemotaxis response toward a wide range of chemicals, and this review includes a summary of them organized by chemical structure. The assays used to measure positive and negative chemotaxis swimming and twitching Pseudomonas as well as improvements to those assays and new assays are also described. This review demonstrates that there is ample research and intellectual space for future investigators to elucidate the role of chemotaxis in important processes such as pathogenesis, bioremediation, and the bioprotection of plants and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca E Parales
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Tino Krell
- Department of Environmental Protection, CSIC, Estacion Experimental del Zaidin, Granada, Spain
| | - Jane E Hill
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
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20
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Krell T, Lacal J, Reyes-Darias JA, Jimenez-Sanchez C, Sungthong R, Ortega-Calvo JJ. Bioavailability of pollutants and chemotaxis. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2013; 24:451-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2012.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Secher C, Lollier M, Jézéquel K, Cornu JY, Amalric L, Lebeau T. Decontamination of a polychlorinated biphenyls-contaminated soil by phytoremediation-assisted bioaugmentation. Biodegradation 2013; 24:549-62. [PMID: 23440572 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-013-9625-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Booth SC, George IFS, Zannoni D, Cappelletti M, Duggan GE, Ceri H, Turner RJ. Effect of aluminium and copper on biofilm development of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 and P. fluorescens as a function of different media compositions. Metallomics 2013; 5:723-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c3mt20240b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Lacal J, Reyes-Darias JA, García-Fontana C, Ramos JL, Krell T. Tactic responses to pollutants and their potential to increase biodegradation efficiency. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 114:923-33. [PMID: 23163356 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A significant number of bacterial strains are able to use toxic aromatic hydrocarbons as carbon and energy sources. In a number of cases, the evolution of the corresponding degradation pathway was accompanied by the evolution of tactic behaviours either towards or away from these toxic carbon sources. Reports are reviewed which show that a chemoattraction to heterogeneously distributed aromatic pollutants increases the bioavailability of these compounds and their biodegradation efficiency. An extreme form of chemoattraction towards aromatic pollutants, termed 'hyperchemotaxis', was described for Pseudomonas putida DOT-T1E, which is based on the action of the plasmid-encoded McpT chemoreceptor. Cells with this phenotype were found of being able to approach and of establishing contact with undiluted crude oil samples. Although close McpT homologues are found on other degradation plasmids, the sequence of their ligand-binding domains does not share significant similarity with that of NahY, the other characterized chemoreceptor for aromatic hydrocarbons. This may suggest the existence of at least two families of chemoreceptors for aromatic pollutants. The use of receptor chimers comprising the ligand-binding region of McpT for biosensing purposes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lacal
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
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24
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Genome sequence of the polychlorinated-biphenyl degrader Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707. J Bacteriol 2012; 194:4426-7. [PMID: 22843571 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00722-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 is a soil polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) degrader, able to grow both planktonically and as a biofilm in the presence of various toxic metals and metalloids. Here we report the genome sequence (5,957,359 bp) of P. pseudoalcaligenes KF707, which provides insights into metabolic degradation pathways, flagellar motility, and chemotaxis.
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25
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Rai R, Ranjan M, Pradhan BB, Chatterjee S. Atypical regulation of virulence-associated functions by a diffusible signal factor in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2012; 25:789-801. [PMID: 22352717 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-11-11-0285-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the bacterial blight pathogen of rice, a secreted fatty acid signaling molecule known as diffusible signal factor (DSF) is required for virulence and growth on low-iron medium. To identify other virulence-associated traits that are regulated by DSF in this pathogen, we have performed microarray analysis of transcriptional changes between the wild type and DSF-deficient mutants of X. oryzae pv. oryzae. Expression of genes that encode secreted hydrolytic enzymes, motility, and chemotaxis functions are negatively regulated by DSF while functions involved in adhesion and biofilm formation are positively regulated. Enzymatic assays for hydrolytic enzymes as well as assays for chemotaxis, motility, attachment, and biofilm formation corroborate these findings. These results demonstrate that, in X. oryzae pv. oryzae, DSF-mediated cell-to-cell signaling coordinates transition from solitary to biofilm lifestyle by promoting expression of attachment functions and negatively regulating expression of motility functions. This is in contrast to X. campestris pv. campestris, a pathogen of crucifers, wherein the DSF system positively regulates motility functions and negatively regulates biofilm formation. These results indicate that virulence-associated functions can be regulated in a completely contrasting fashion by the same signaling system in very closely related bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikky Rai
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Nampally, Hyderabad 500001, India
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26
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Turner RJ, Borghese R, Zannoni D. Microbial processing of tellurium as a tool in biotechnology. Biotechnol Adv 2011; 30:954-63. [PMID: 21907273 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Here, we overview the most recent advances in understanding the bacterial mechanisms that stay behind the reduction of tellurium oxyanions in both planktonic cells and biofilms. This is a topic of interest for basic and applied research because microorganisms are deeply involved in the transformation of metals and metalloids in the environment. In particular, the recent observation that toxic tellurite can be precipitated either inside or outside the cells being used as electron sink to support bacterial growth, opens new perspectives for both microbial physiologists and biotechnologists. As promising nanomaterials, tellurium based nanoparticles show unique electronic and optical properties due to quantum confinement effects to be used in the area of chemistry, electronics, medicine and environmental biotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond J Turner
- Dept of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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27
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Tremaroli V, Fedi S, Tamburini S, Viti C, Tatti E, Ceri H, Turner RJ, Zannoni D. A histidine-kinase cheA gene of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligens KF707 not only has a key role in chemotaxis but also affects biofilm formation and cell metabolism. BIOFOULING 2011; 27:33-46. [PMID: 21108067 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2010.537099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A histidine-kinase cheA gene in Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 plays a central role in the regulation of metabolic responses as well as in chemotaxis. Non-chemotactic mutants harboring insertions into the cheA gene were screened for their ability to form biofilms in the Calgary biofilm device. Notably, ≥95% decrease in the number of cells attached to the polystyrene surface was observed in cheA mutants compared to the KF707 wild-type biofilm phenotype. The ability to form mature biofilms was restored to wild-type levels, providing functional copies of the KF707 cheA gene to the mutants. In addition, phenotype micro-arrays and proteomic analyses revealed that several basic metabolic activities and a few periplasmic binding proteins of cheA mutant cells differed compared to those of wild-type cells. These results are interpreted as evidence of a strong integration between chemotactic and metabolic pathways in the process of biofilm development by P. pseudoalcaligenes KF707.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Tremaroli
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biofilm Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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