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Gutierrez MDLP, Huckaby AB, Yang E, Weaver KL, Hall JM, Hudson M, Dublin SR, Sen-Kilic E, Rocuskie-Marker CM, Miller SJ, Pritchett CL, Mummadisetti MP, Zhang Y, Driscoll T, Barbier M. Antibody-mediated immunological memory correlates with long-term Lyme veterinary vaccine protection in mice. Vaccine 2024:S0264-410X(24)00725-4. [PMID: 38937181 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Lyme disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, is the most common tick-borne illness in the United States. Despite the rise in Lyme disease incidence, there is no vaccine against B. burgdorferi approved for human use. Little is known about the immune correlates of protection needed to prevent Lyme disease. In this work, a mouse model was used to characterize the immune response and compare the protection provided by two USDA-approved vaccines for use in canines: Duramune (bacterin vaccine) and Vanguard crLyme (subunit vaccine composed of two outer surface proteins, OspA and OspC). C3H/HeNCrl mice were immunized with two doses of either Duramune or Vanguard, and immune responses and protection against B. burgdorferi were assessed in short (35 days) and long-term (120 days) studies. Flow cytometry, ELISPOT detection of antibody-producing cells, and antibody affinity studies were performed to identify correlates of vaccine-mediated protection. Both vaccines induced humoral responses, with high IgG titers against B. burgdorferi. However, the levels of anti-B. burgdorferi antibodies decayed over time in Vanguard-vaccinated mice. While both vaccines triggered the production of antibodies against both OspA and OspC, antibody levels against these proteins were also lower in Vanguard-vaccinated mice 120 days post-vaccination. Both vaccines only provided partial protection against B. burgdorferi at the dose used in this model. The protection provided by Duramune was superior to Vanguard 120 days post-vaccination, and was characterized by higher antibody titers, higher abundance of long-lived plasma cells, and higher avidity antibodies than Vanguard. Overall, these studies provide insights into the importance of the humoral memory response to veterinary vaccines against Lyme disease and will help inform the development of future human vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria de la Paz Gutierrez
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Annalisa B Huckaby
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Evita Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Kelly L Weaver
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Joshua M Hall
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Matthew Hudson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Spencer R Dublin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Emel Sen-Kilic
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Carleena M Rocuskie-Marker
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Sarah Jo Miller
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | | | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Timothy Driscoll
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Mariette Barbier
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA.
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Hansen ES, Johnson ME, Schell RF, Nardelli DT. CD4+ cell-derived interleukin-17 in a model of dysregulated, Borrelia-induced arthritis. Pathog Dis 2016; 74:ftw084. [PMID: 27549424 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftw084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lyme borreliosis, which is caused in the United States by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, may manifest as different arrays of signs, symptoms and severities between infected individuals. Recent studies have indicated that particularly severe forms of Lyme borreliosis in humans are associated with an increased Th17 response. Here, we hypothesized that a murine model combining the dysregulated immune response of an environment lacking interleukin-10 (IL-10) with a robust T-cell-driven inflammatory response would reflect arthritis associated with the production of IL-17 by CD4+ cells. We demonstrate that IL-10 regulates the production of IL-17 by Borrelia-primed CD4+ cells early after interaction with Lyme spirochetes in vitro and that infection of Borrelia-primed mice with B. burgdorferi leads to significant production of IL-17 that contributes to the development of severe arthritis. These results extend our previous findings by demonstrating that a dysregulated adaptive immune response to Lyme spirochetes can contribute to severe, Th17-associated arthritis. These findings may lead to therapeutic measures for individuals with particularly severe symptoms of Lyme borreliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Hansen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee WI 53211, USA
| | - Megan E Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee WI 53211, USA
| | - Ronald F Schell
- Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Dean T Nardelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee WI 53211, USA
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Kuo J, Warner TF, Munson EL, Nardelli DT, Schell RF. Arthritis is developed in Borrelia-primed and -infected mice deficient of interleukin-17. Pathog Dis 2016; 74:ftw077. [PMID: 27493062 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftw077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) has been shown to participate in the development of Lyme arthritis in experimental mice. For example, neutralization of IL-17 with antibodies inhibits induction of arthritis in Borrelia-primed and -infected C57BL/6 wild-type mice. We hypothesized that mice lacking IL-17 would fail to develop Borrelia-induced arthritis. IL-17-deficient and wild-type C57BL/6 mice were primed with heat-inactivated Borrelia and then infected with viable spirochetes 3 weeks later. No swelling or major histopathological changes of the hind paws were detected in IL-17-deficient or wild-type mice that were primed with Borrelia or infected with viable spirochetes. By contrast, IL-17-deficient and wild-type mice that were primed and subsequently infected with heterologous Borrelia developed severe swelling and histopathological changes of the hind paws. In addition, Borrelia-primed and -infected IL-17-deficient mice exhibited elevated gamma-interferon (IFN-γ) levels in sera and increased frequencies of IFN-γ-expressing lymphocytes in popliteal lymph nodes compared to Borrelia-primed and -infected wild-type mice. These results demonstrate that IL-17 is not required for development of severe pathology in response to infection with Borrelia burgdorferi, but may contribute to disease through an interaction with IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kuo
- Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Thomas F Warner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Erik L Munson
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - Dean T Nardelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - Ronald F Schell
- Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Oosting M, Buffen K, van der Meer JWM, Netea MG, Joosten LAB. Innate immunity networks during infection with Borrelia burgdorferi. Crit Rev Microbiol 2014; 42:233-44. [PMID: 24963691 DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2014.929563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The recognition of Borrelia species represents a complex process in which multiple components of the immune system are involved. In this review, we summarize the interplay between the host innate system and Borrelia spp., from the recognition by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to the induction of a complex network of proinflammatory mediators. Several PRR families are crucial for recognition of Borrelia spp., including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and Nucleotide Oligomerization Domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs). TLR-2 is crucial for the recognition of outer surface protein (Osp)A from Borrelia spp. and together with TLR8 mediates phagocytosis of the microorganism and production of type I interferons. Intracellular receptors such as TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9 on the one hand and the NLR receptor NOD2 on the other hand, represent the second major recognition system of Borrelia. PRR-dependent signals induce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 and T-helper-derived cytokines, which are thought to mediate the inflammation during Lyme disease. Understanding the regulation of host defense mechanisms against Borrelia has the potential to lead to the discovery of novel immunotherapeutic targets to improve the therapy against Lyme disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marije Oosting
- a Department of Internal Medicine , and.,b Nijmegen Institute of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity (N4i), Radboud University Medical Centre , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Kathrin Buffen
- a Department of Internal Medicine , and.,b Nijmegen Institute of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity (N4i), Radboud University Medical Centre , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Jos W M van der Meer
- a Department of Internal Medicine , and.,b Nijmegen Institute of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity (N4i), Radboud University Medical Centre , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- a Department of Internal Medicine , and.,b Nijmegen Institute of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity (N4i), Radboud University Medical Centre , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- a Department of Internal Medicine , and.,b Nijmegen Institute of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity (N4i), Radboud University Medical Centre , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
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The DBA/1 strain is a novel mouse model for experimental Borrelia burgdorferi infection. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2012; 19:1567-73. [PMID: 22855391 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00251-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lyme arthritis, caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, has similarities to rheumatoid arthritis and its experimental murine model, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Currently, no common strain exists for examination of arthritis models of Lyme arthritis and CIA, which are typically studied in C3H/HeJ and DBA/1 mice, respectively. The aim of this study was to define the characteristics of Borrelia burgdorferi infection and arthritis in the DBA/1 murine strain. Murine Lyme arthritis was induced in C3H/HeJ and DBA/1 mice by subcutaneous infection with B. burgdorferi. Tibiotarsal joints were measured during infection, and mice were sacrificed for histologic, microbiologic, and serologic analysis on days 14 and 42 postinfection. All bladder cultures obtained from C3H/HeJ and DBA/1 mice at 14 days postinfection grew Borrelia. There was no significant difference in spirochetal burdens in hearts and tibiotarsal joints at days 14 and 42 postinfection. Tibiotarsal joint swelling and histologic scoring were not significantly different between the two strains. Serologic analysis revealed increased IgG2a production in C3H/HeJ mice compared to DBA/1 mice. Analysis of 2-dimensional immunoblots revealed several specific antigens (LA7, BBA03, BBA64, BBA73, OspA, and VlsE) which were not recognized by DBA/1 sera. We conclude that the DBA/1 murine strain is a suitable model for the study of Lyme arthritis and experimental B. burgdorferi infection, allowing direct comparison between Lyme arthritis and collagen-induced arthritis. The specificity of the humoral immune response differs between the two strains, further study of which may reveal important findings about how individual strains respond to B. burgdorferi infection.
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