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Gaudreau A, Watson DW, Flannagan RS, Roy P, Shen C, Abdelmoneim A, Beavers WN, Gillies ER, El-Halfawy OM, Heinrichs DE. Mechanistic insights and in vivo efficacy of thiosemicarbazones against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Biol Chem 2024:107689. [PMID: 39159815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus poses a significant threat in both community and hospital settings due to its infective and pathogenic nature combined with its ability to resist the action of chemotherapeutic agents. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) poses a critical challenge. Metal-chelating thiosemicarbazones (TSCs) have shown promise in combating MRSA and while previous studies hinted at the antimicrobial potential of TSCs, their mechanisms of action against MRSA are still under investigation. We screened a chemical library for anti-staphylococcal compounds and identified a potent molecule named R91 that contained the NNSN structural motif found within TSCs. We identified that R91 and several structural analogs exhibited antimicrobial activity against numerous S. aureus isolates as well as other Gram-positive bacteria. RNAseq analysis revealed that R91 induces copper and oxidative stress responses. Checkerboard assays demonstrated synergy of R91 with copper, nickel, and zinc. Mutation of the SrrAB two-component regulatory system sensitizes S. aureus to R91 killing, further linking the oxidative stress response to R91 resistance. Moreover, R91 was found to induce hydrogen peroxide production, which contributed to its antimicrobial activity. Remarkably, no mutants with elevated R91 resistance were identified, despite extensive attempts. We further demonstrate that R91 can be used to effectively treat an intracellular reservoir of S. aureus in cell culture and can reduce bacterial burdens in a murine skin infection model. Combined, these data position R91 as a potent TSC effective against MRSA and other Gram-positive bacteria, with implications for future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avery Gaudreau
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David W Watson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ronald S Flannagan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paroma Roy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chenfangfei Shen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmed Abdelmoneim
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Louisiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA USA 70803
| | - William N Beavers
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, USA 70803
| | - Elizabeth R Gillies
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Omar M El-Halfawy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - David E Heinrichs
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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2
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Gulati M, Thomas JM, Ennis CL, Hernday AD, Rawat M, Nobile CJ. The bacillithiol pathway is required for biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus. Microb Pathog 2024; 191:106657. [PMID: 38649100 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that can cause infections that range from superficial skin and mucosal infections to life threatening disseminated infections. S. aureus can attach to medical devices and host tissues and form biofilms that allow the bacteria to evade the host immune system and provide protection from antimicrobial agents. To counter host-generated oxidative and nitrosative stress mechanisms that are part of the normal host responses to invading pathogens, S. aureus utilizes low molecular weight (LMW) thiols, such as bacillithiol (BSH). Additionally, S. aureus synthesizes its own nitric oxide (NO), which combined with its downstream metabolites may also protect the bacteria against specific host responses. We have previously shown that LMW thiols are required for biofilm formation in Mycobacterium smegmatis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Here, we show that the S. aureus bshC mutant strain, which is defective in the last step of the BSH pathway and lacks BSH, is impaired in biofilm formation. We also identify a possible S-nitrosobacillithiol reductase (BSNOR), similar in sequence to an S-nitrosomycothiol reductase found in M. smegmatis and show that the putative S. aureus bsnoR mutant strain has reduced levels of BSH and decreased biofilm formation. Our studies also show that NO plays an important role in biofilm formation and that acidified sodium nitrite severely reduces biofilm thickness. These studies provide insight into the roles of oxidative and nitrosative stress mechanisms on biofilm formation and indicate that BSH and NO are key players in normal biofilm formation in S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Gulati
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Jason M Thomas
- Department of Biology, California State University-Fresno, Fresno, CA, USA
| | - Craig L Ennis
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA; Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Aaron D Hernday
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA; Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Mamta Rawat
- Department of Biology, California State University-Fresno, Fresno, CA, USA.
| | - Clarissa J Nobile
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA; Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, CA, USA.
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3
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Araújo D, Silva AR, Fernandes R, Serra P, Barros MM, Campos AM, Oliveira R, Silva S, Almeida C, Castro J. Emerging Approaches for Mitigating Biofilm-Formation-Associated Infections in Farm, Wild, and Companion Animals. Pathogens 2024; 13:320. [PMID: 38668275 PMCID: PMC11054384 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13040320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The importance of addressing the problem of biofilms in farm, wild, and companion animals lies in their pervasive impact on animal health and welfare. Biofilms, as resilient communities of microorganisms, pose a persistent challenge in causing infections and complicating treatment strategies. Recognizing and understanding the importance of mitigating biofilm formation is critical to ensuring the welfare of animals in a variety of settings, from farms to the wild and companion animals. Effectively addressing this issue not only improves the overall health of individual animals, but also contributes to the broader goals of sustainable agriculture, wildlife conservation, and responsible pet ownership. This review examines the current understanding of biofilm formation in animal diseases and elucidates the complex processes involved. Recognizing the limitations of traditional antibiotic treatments, mechanisms of resistance associated with biofilms are explored. The focus is on alternative therapeutic strategies to control biofilm, with illuminating case studies providing valuable context and practical insights. In conclusion, the review highlights the importance of exploring emerging approaches to mitigate biofilm formation in animals. It consolidates existing knowledge, highlights gaps in understanding, and encourages further research to address this critical facet of animal health. The comprehensive perspective provided by this review serves as a foundation for future investigations and interventions to improve the management of biofilm-associated infections in diverse animal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Araújo
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Silva
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Rúben Fernandes
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Patrícia Serra
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Maria Margarida Barros
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- CECAV—Veterinary and Animal Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Campos
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Ricardo Oliveira
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- AliCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sónia Silva
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Carina Almeida
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- AliCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Castro
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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4
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Lima LFG, de Paula Castro V, Álvarez CMO, Ambrósio SR, Rodrigues MA, Pires RH. Assessing the efficacy of gutiferone E in photodynamic therapy for oral candidiasis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 250:112834. [PMID: 38157703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The rise in antifungal resistance and side effects of conventional treatments drive the search for innovative therapies like Photodynamic Therapy (PDT). This study explored the efficacy of PDT mediated by gutiferone, an isolated compound from red propolis, for candidiasis treatment. Multiple evaluation methods were employed, including determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) via broth microdilution, quantifying biomass using crystal violet detachment, and cell counting through total plate count. PDT mediated by gutiferone was also assessed in five groups of mice, followed by histopathological examination and agar plating of lingual tissue samples. Among the seven Candida species tested, gutiferone displayed efficacy against C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. tropicalis, with MIC values of 1000 μg/mL. In C. tropicalis biofilms, exposure to gutiferone led to a reduction of 1.61 Log10 CFU/mL. PDT mediated by gutiferone achieved an average reduction of 3.68 Log10 CFU/mL in C. tropicalis biofilm cells, underscoring its potent fungicidal activity. Histopathological analysis revealed fungal structures, such as pseudohyphae and hyphae, in infected groups (G2) and irradiated mice. In contrast, groups treated with gutiferone or subjected to gutiferone-assisted PDT (G5) exhibited only few blastoconidia. Furthermore, CFU/mL assessments in lingual tissue post-treatment demonstrated a significantly lower count (0.30 Log10 CFU/mL) in the G5 group compared to G2 (2.43 Log10 CFU/mL). These findings highlight the potential of PDT mediated by gutiferone as a promising alternative for managing denture stomatitis. Future research and clinical investigations offer the promise of validating its clinical applicability and improving outcomes in the treatment of oral candidiasis.
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Brilhante RSN, Costa ADC, de Mesquita JRL, dos Santos Araújo G, Freire RS, Nunes JVS, Nobre AFD, Fernandes MR, Rocha MFG, Pereira Neto WDA, Crouzier T, Schimpf U, Viera RS. Antifungal Activity of Chitosan against Histoplasma capsulatum in Planktonic and Biofilm Forms: A Therapeutic Strategy in the Future? J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1201. [PMID: 38132801 PMCID: PMC10744476 DOI: 10.3390/jof9121201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Histoplasmosis is a respiratory disease caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, a dimorphic fungus, with high mortality and morbidity rates, especially in immunocompromised patients. Considering the small existing therapeutic arsenal, new treatment approaches are still required. Chitosan, a linear polysaccharide obtained from partial chitin deacetylation, has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity properties. Chitosan with different deacetylation degrees and molecular weights has been explored as a potential agent against fungal pathogens. In this study, the chitosan antifungal activity against H. capsulatum was evaluated using the broth microdilution assay, obtaining minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 32 to 128 µg/mL in the filamentous phase and 8 to 64 µg/mL in the yeast phase. Chitosan combined with classical antifungal drugs showed a synergic effect, reducing chitosan's MICs by 32 times, demonstrating that there were no antagonistic interactions relating to any of the strains tested. A synergism between chitosan and amphotericin B or itraconazole was detected in the yeast-like form for all strains tested. For H. capsulatum biofilms, chitosan reduced biomass and metabolic activity by about 40% at 512 µg/mL. In conclusion, studying chitosan as a therapeutic strategy against Histoplasma capsulatum is promising, mainly considering its numerous possible applications, including its combination with other compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, School of Medicine, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Barão de Canindé, 210, Montese, Fortaleza 60425-540, CE, Brazil; (A.d.C.C.); (A.F.D.N.); (M.R.F.); (W.d.A.P.N.)
| | - Anderson da Cunha Costa
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, School of Medicine, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Barão de Canindé, 210, Montese, Fortaleza 60425-540, CE, Brazil; (A.d.C.C.); (A.F.D.N.); (M.R.F.); (W.d.A.P.N.)
| | | | - Gessica dos Santos Araújo
- Postgraduate in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Dr. Silas Munguba Avenue, 1700, Itaperi Campus, Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, Brazil; (G.d.S.A.); (M.F.G.R.)
| | - Rosemeyre Souza Freire
- Analytical Center, Department of Physics, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; (R.S.F.); (J.V.S.N.)
| | - João Victor Serra Nunes
- Analytical Center, Department of Physics, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; (R.S.F.); (J.V.S.N.)
| | - Augusto Feynman Dias Nobre
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, School of Medicine, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Barão de Canindé, 210, Montese, Fortaleza 60425-540, CE, Brazil; (A.d.C.C.); (A.F.D.N.); (M.R.F.); (W.d.A.P.N.)
| | - Mirele Rodrigues Fernandes
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, School of Medicine, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Barão de Canindé, 210, Montese, Fortaleza 60425-540, CE, Brazil; (A.d.C.C.); (A.F.D.N.); (M.R.F.); (W.d.A.P.N.)
| | - Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha
- Postgraduate in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Dr. Silas Munguba Avenue, 1700, Itaperi Campus, Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, Brazil; (G.d.S.A.); (M.F.G.R.)
| | - Waldemiro de Aquino Pereira Neto
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, School of Medicine, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Barão de Canindé, 210, Montese, Fortaleza 60425-540, CE, Brazil; (A.d.C.C.); (A.F.D.N.); (M.R.F.); (W.d.A.P.N.)
| | - Thomas Crouzier
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Glycoscience, AlbaNova University Center, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; (T.C.); (U.S.)
| | - Ulrike Schimpf
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Glycoscience, AlbaNova University Center, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; (T.C.); (U.S.)
| | - Rodrigo Silveira Viera
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60440-900, CE, Brazil;
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Gan N, Fang Y, Weng W, Jiao T, Yu W. Antibacterial effects and microarray-based molecular mechanisms of trans-cinnamaldehyde against Porphyromonas gingivalis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e23048. [PMID: 38144276 PMCID: PMC10746420 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is one of the keystone pathogenic bacteria of periodontitis and peri-implantitis. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effects and molecular mechanisms of trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC), a safe extract from natural plants, on P. gingivalis. Minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) of TC were determined, and scanning and transmission electron microscopies were used to assess the morphological changes. The overall biomass was estimated, and the metabolic activity of biofilms was determined at different TC concentrations. A microarray-based bioinformatics analysis was performed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of TC-inhibited P. gingivalis, and significant differences among groups were determined. TC showed an inhibitory effect on the proliferation and survival of planktonic P. gingivalis, of which the MIC and MBC were 39.07 μg/mL and 78.13 μg/mL, respectively. TC also significantly suppressed the formation and metabolic activity of P. gingivalis biofilm. The results of the significant pathways and gene ontology (GO) analyses revealed that TC treatment inhibited two metabolic pathways, accompanied by the downregulation of relative genes of nitrogen metabolism (NrfA, NrfH, and PG_2213) and starch and sucrose metabolism (PG_1681, PG_1682, and PG_1683). Thus, this study confirmed TC to be a natural antimicrobial agent against P. gingivalis and further demonstrated that TC suppressed the microbial activity on P. gingivalis through the disruption of physiological metabolism, which might inhibit the growth and the biofilm formation of P. gingivalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Gan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yingjing Fang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Weimin Weng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ting Jiao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Fengcheng Hospital of Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201411, China
| | - Weiqiang Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
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7
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Choi V, Rohn JL, Stoodley P, Carugo D, Stride E. Drug delivery strategies for antibiofilm therapy. Nat Rev Microbiol 2023; 21:555-572. [PMID: 37258686 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-023-00905-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Although new antibiofilm agents have been developed to prevent and eliminate pathogenic biofilms, their widespread clinical use is hindered by poor biocompatibility and bioavailability, unspecific interactions and insufficient local concentrations. The development of innovative drug delivery strategies can facilitate penetration of antimicrobials through biofilms, promote drug dispersal and synergistic bactericidal effects, and provide novel paradigms for clinical application. In this Review, we discuss the potential benefits of such emerging techniques for improving the clinical efficacy of antibiofilm agents, as well as highlighting the existing limitations and future prospects for these therapies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Choi
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jennifer L Rohn
- Department of Renal Medicine, Centre for Urological Biology, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Stoodley
- Departments of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Microbiology and Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton (nCATS) and National Biofilm Innovation Centre (NBIC), University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Dario Carugo
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eleanor Stride
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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8
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Marinas IC, Oprea E, Gaboreanu DM, Gradisteanu Pircalabioru G, Buleandra M, Nagoda E, Badea IA, Chifiriuc MC. Chemical and Biological Studies of Achillea setacea Herba Essential Oil-First Report on Some Antimicrobial and Antipathogenic Features. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020371. [PMID: 36830282 PMCID: PMC9952371 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The essential oil of Achillea setacea was isolated by hydrodistillation and characterized by GC-MS. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Achillea setacea essential oil was evaluated, as well as its biocompatibility (LDH and MTT methods). DPPH, FRAP, and CUPRAC methods were applied for antioxidant activity evaluation, while qualitative and quantitative assays (inhibition zone diameter, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum fungicidal concentration), NO release (by nitrite concentration determination), and microbial adhesion capacity to the inert substrate (the biofilm microtiter method) were used to investigate the antimicrobial potential. A total of 52 compounds were identified by GC-MS in A. setacea essential oil, representing 97.43% of the total area. The major constituents were borneol (32.97%), 1,8-cineole (14.94%), camphor (10.13%), artemisia ketone (4.70%), α-terpineol (3.23%), and γ-eudesmol (3.23%). With MICs ranging from 0.78 to 30 μg/mL, the A. setacea essential oil proved to inhibit the microbial adhesion and induce the NO release. To the best of our knowledge, the present study reports for the first time the antimicrobial activity of A. setacea EO against clinically and biotechnologically important microbial strains, such as Shigella flexneri, Listeria ivanovii, L. innocua, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida glabrata, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus nigricans, Cladosporium cladosporioides, and Alternaria alternata, demonstrating its antimicrobial applications beyond the clinical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Cristina Marinas
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Research and Development Department of S.C. Sanimed International Impex SRL, Șos. București-Giurgiu (DN5), No. 6, 087040 Călugăreni, Romania
| | - Eliza Oprea
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Bucharest, 1-3 Portocalilor Way, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-723-250-470
| | - Diana Madalina Gaboreanu
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Bucharest, 1-3 Portocalilor Way, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3rd Ilfov Street, 051157 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Buleandra
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90-92 Panduri Street, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugenia Nagoda
- Garden “D. Brandza”, University of Bucharest, 32 Sos. Cotroceni, 060114 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irinel Adriana Badea
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90-92 Panduri Street, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Research and Development Department of S.C. Sanimed International Impex SRL, Șos. București-Giurgiu (DN5), No. 6, 087040 Călugăreni, Romania
- The Romanian Academy, Biological Sciences Division, Calea Victoriei 125, 010071 Bucharest, Romania
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9
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Liu ST, Wang S, Han N, Li MY, Li J, Li YR, Jia SR, Han PP. Effects of H2O2 acclimation on the growth, polysaccharide production and tolerance performance of Nostoc flagelliforme. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.102968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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10
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Putra NE, Leeflang MA, Ducret V, Patrulea V, Fratila-Apachitei LE, Perron K, Ye H, Zhou J, Apachitei I, Zadpoor AA. Preventing Antibiotic-Resistant Infections: Additively Manufactured Porous Ti6Al4V Biofunctionalized with Ag and Fe Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13239. [PMID: 36362029 PMCID: PMC9654018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Implant-associated infections are highly challenging to treat, particularly with the emergence of multidrug-resistant microbials. Effective preventive action is desired to be at the implant site. Surface biofunctionalization of implants through Ag-doping has demonstrated potent antibacterial results. However, it may adversely affect bone regeneration at high doses. Benefiting from the potential synergistic effects, combining Ag with other antibacterial agents can substantially decrease the required Ag concentration. To date, no study has been performed on immobilizing both Ag and Fe nanoparticles (NPs) on the surface of additively manufactured porous titanium. We additively manufactured porous titanium and biofunctionalized its surface with plasma electrolytic oxidation using a Ca/P-based electrolyte containing Fe NPs, Ag NPs, and the combinations. The specimen's surface morphology featured porous TiO2 bearing Ag and Fe NPs. During immersion, Ag and Fe ions were released for up to 28 days. Antibacterial assays against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed that the specimens containing Ag NPs and Ag/Fe NPs exhibit bactericidal activity. The Ag and Fe NPs worked synergistically, even when Ag was reduced by up to three times. The biofunctionalized scaffold reduced Ag and Fe NPs, improving preosteoblasts proliferation and Ca-sensing receptor activation. In conclusion, surface biofunctionalization of porous titanium with Ag and Fe NPs is a promising strategy to prevent implant-associated infections and allow bone regeneration and, therefore, should be developed for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niko E. Putra
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marius A. Leeflang
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Verena Ducret
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Viorica Patrulea
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Lidy E. Fratila-Apachitei
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Karl Perron
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hua Ye
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Iulian Apachitei
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Amir A. Zadpoor
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
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11
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Chang AW, Dowd SE, Brackee G, Fralick JA, Vediyappan G. Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation by gurmarin, a plant-derived cyclic peptide. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1017545. [PMID: 36268224 PMCID: PMC9578378 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1017545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) is an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing various infections ranging from superficial skin infections to life-threatening severe diseases including pneumonia and sepsis. Sa produces biofilms readily on biotic and abiotic surfaces. Biofilm cells are embedded in a protective polysaccharide matrix and show an innate resistance to antibiotics, disinfectants, and clearance by host defenses. Additionally, biofilms serve as a source for systemic dissemination. Moreover, infections associated with biofilms may result in longer hospitalizations, a need for surgery, and may even result in death. Agents that inhibit the formation of biofilms and virulence without affecting bacterial growth to avoid the development of drug resistance could be useful for therapeutic purposes. In this regard, we identified and purified a small cyclic peptide, gurmarin, from a plant source that inhibited the formation of Sa biofilm under in vitro growth conditions without affecting the viability of the bacterium. The purified peptide showed a predicted molecular size of ~4.2 kDa on SDS-PAGE. Transcriptomic analysis of Sa biofilm treated with peptide showed 161 differentially affected genes at a 2-fold change, and some of them include upregulation of genes involved in oxidoreductases and downregulation of genes involved in transferases and hydrolases. To determine the inhibitory effect of the peptide against Sa biofilm formation and virulence in vivo, we used a rat-implant biofilm model. Sa infected implants with or without peptide were placed under the neck skin of rats for seven days. Implants treated with peptide showed a reduction of CFU and lack of edema and sepsis when compared to that of control animals without peptide. Taken together, gurmarin peptide blocks Sa biofilm formation in vitro and in vivo and can be further developed for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline W. Chang
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Scot E. Dowd
- MR DNA (Molecular Research), Shallowater, TX, United States
| | - Gordon Brackee
- Laboratory Animal Resources Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Joe A. Fralick
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Govindsamy Vediyappan
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Govindsamy Vediyappan,
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12
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Eco-Friendly Solution Based on Rosmarinus officinalis Hydro-Alcoholic Extract to Prevent Biodeterioration of Cultural Heritage Objects and Buildings. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911463. [PMID: 36232763 PMCID: PMC9569761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodeterioration of cultural heritage is caused by different organisms capable of inducing complex alteration processes. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Rosmarinus officinalis hydro-alcoholic extract to inhibit the growth of deteriogenic microbial strains. For this, the physico-chemical characterization of the vegetal extract by UHPLC–MS/MS, its antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity on a representative number of biodeteriogenic microbial strains, as well as the antioxidant activity determined by DPPH, CUPRAC, FRAP, TEAC methods, were performed. The extract had a total phenol content of 15.62 ± 0.97 mg GAE/mL of which approximately 8.53% were flavonoids. The polyphenolic profile included carnosic acid, carnosol, rosmarinic acid and hesperidin as major components. The extract exhibited good and wide spectrum antimicrobial activity, with low MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) values against fungal strains such as Aspergillus clavatus (MIC = 1.2 mg/mL) and bacterial strains such as Arthrobacter globiformis (MIC = 0.78 mg/mL) or Bacillus cereus (MIC = 1.56 mg/mL). The rosemary extract inhibited the adherence capacity to the inert substrate of Penicillium chrysogenum strains isolated from wooden objects or textiles and B. thuringiensis strains. A potential mechanism of R. officinalis antimicrobial activity could be represented by the release of nitric oxide (NO), a universal signalling molecule for stress management. Moreover, the treatment of microbial cultures with subinhibitory concentrations has modulated the production of microbial enzymes and organic acids involved in biodeterioration, with the effect depending on the studied microbial strain, isolation source and the tested soluble factor. This paper reports for the first time the potential of R. officinalis hydro-alcoholic extract for the development of eco-friendly solutions dedicated to the conservation/safeguarding of tangible cultural heritage.
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13
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Influence of Environmental Factors on Biofilm Formation of Staphylococci Isolated from Wastewater and Surface Water. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11101069. [PMID: 36297126 PMCID: PMC9611571 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11101069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of biofilms can negatively affect several different areas, such as the food industry, environment, and biomedical sectors. Conditions under which bacteria grow and develop, such as temperature, nutrients, and pH, among others, can largely influence biofilm production. Staphylococcus species survive in the natural environment due to their tolerance to a wide range of temperatures, dryness, dehydration, and low water activity. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the influence of external environmental factors on the formation of biofilm of staphylococci isolated from hospital wastewater and surface waters. We investigated the biofilm formation of methicillin-resistant and -susceptible S. aureus (MRSA and MSSA) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) under various temperatures, pH values, salt concentrations, glucose concentrations, and under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. CoNS had the ability to produce more biofilm biomass than MSSA and MRSA. All environmental factors studied influenced the biofilm formation of staphylococci isolates after 24 h of incubation. Higher biofilm formation was achieved at 4% of NaCl and 0.5% of glucose for MSSA and CoNS, and 1% of NaCl and 1.5% of glucose for MRSA isolates. Biofilm formation of isolates was greater at 25 °C and 37 °C than at 10 °C and 4 °C. pH values between 6 and 8 led to more robust biofilm formation than pH levels of 9 and 5. Although staphylococci are facultative anaerobes, biofilm formation was higher in the presence of oxygen. The results demonstrated that multiple environmental factors affect staphylococci biofilm formation. Different conditions affect differently the biofilm formation of MRSA, MSSA, and CoNS strains.
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14
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da Silva MA, García-Martínez JC, Páez PL, Paraje MG. Fungicidal and antibiofilm activities of gold nanoparticles on Candida tropicalis. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:1663-1676. [PMID: 36515357 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the antifungal activity of two different functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNP), those stabilized with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and those conjugated with cysteine, and their effects on the architecture of Candida tropicalis biofilms. Materials & methods: Biofilms were studied by crystal violet binding assay and scanning electron microscopy. We investigated the effects of AuNPs on reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen intermediates and enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defenses. Results/Conclusion: The fungicidal activity and cellular stress of both AuNPs affected biofilm growth through accumulation of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen intermediates. However, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-stabilized AuNPs revealed a higher redox imbalance. We correlated, for the first time, AuNP effects with the redox imbalance and alterations in the architecture of C. tropicalis biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Angel da Silva
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, X5000JJC, Argentina.,Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Joaquín Calizto García-Martínez
- Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, 02008, España
| | - Paulina Laura Páez
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Paraje
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, X5000JJC, Argentina.,Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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15
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Bacterial biofilms and their resistance mechanisms: a brief look at treatment with natural agents. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2022; 67:535-554. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-022-00955-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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3D printing polycaprolactone micro-nano copper scaffolds with a high antibacterial performance for potential sewage treatment. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/09540083211040473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Effective application of micro-nano copper particles in elimination of the pathogenic microorganisms in the water remains a challenge. In this study, an optimum structural design was adopted in mathematical models to improve the efficiency of sewage filtration, and polycaprolactone/copper scaffold (PCs) was fabricated through a 3D printing method. The result shows that the micro-nano copper particles were physically embedded into the polycaprolactone scaffolds. In addition, the antibacterial efficiency of PCs against E. coli and S. aureus was up to 100% and the antibacterial performance could be remained in sewage filtration (copper: polycaprolactone = 1:2). The results suggest that PCs is a good candidate for application in the sewage treatment.
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17
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Lakshmi SA, Prasath KG, Tamilmuhilan K, Srivathsan A, Shafreen RMB, Kasthuri T, Pandian SK. Suppression of Thiol-Dependent Antioxidant System and Stress Response in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Docosanol: Explication Through Proteome Investigation. Mol Biotechnol 2022; 64:575-589. [PMID: 35018617 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00434-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of docosanol on the protein expression profile of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Thus, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with MALDI-TOF MS technique was utilized to identify the differentially regulated proteins in the presence of docosanol. A total of 947 protein spots were identified from the intracellular proteome of both control and docosanol treated samples among which 40 spots were differentially regulated with a fold change greater than 1.0. Prominently, the thiol-dependent antioxidant system and stress response proteins are downregulated in MRSA, which are critical for survival during oxidative stress. In particular, docosanol downregulated the expression of Tpx, AhpC, BshC, BrxA, and YceI with a fold change of 1.4 (p = 0.02), 1.4 (p = 0.01), 1.6 (p = 0.002), 4.9 (p = 0.02), and 1.4 (p = 0.02), respectively. In addition, docosanol reduced the expression of proteins involved in purine metabolic pathways, biofilm growth cycle, and virulence factor production. Altogether, these findings suggest that docosanol could efficiently target the antioxidant pathway by reducing the expression of bacillithiol and stress-associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Alagu Lakshmi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
| | - Krishnan Ganesh Prasath
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu, 602117, India
| | - Kannapiran Tamilmuhilan
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
| | - Adimoolam Srivathsan
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
| | - Raja Mohamed Beema Shafreen
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Umayal Ramanathan College for Women, Alagappapuram, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
| | - Thirupathi Kasthuri
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
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18
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Polydopamine-Assisted Surface Modification of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy with Anti-Biofilm Activity for Dental Implantology Applications. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11111385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Coating the surfaces of implantable materials with various active principles to ensure inhibition of microbial adhesion, is a solution to reduce infections associated with dental implant. The aim of the study was to optimize the polydopamine films coating on the Ti-6Al-6V alloy surface in order to obtain a maximum of antimicrobial/antibiofilm efficacy and reduced cytotoxicity. Surface characterization was performed by evaluating the morphology (SEM, AFM) and structures (Solid-state 13C NMR and EPR). Antimicrobial activity was assessed by logarithmic reduction of CFU/mL, and the antibiofilm activity by reducing the adhesion of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans strains. The release of NO was observed especially for C. albicans strain, which confirms the results obtained for microbial adhesion. Among the PDA coatings, for 0.45:0.88 (KMnO4:dopamine) molar ratio the optimal compromise was obtained in terms of antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity, while the 0.1:1.5 ratio (KMnO4:dopamine) led to higher NO release and implicitly the reduction of the adhesion capacities only for C. albicans, being slightly cytotoxic but with moderate release of LDH. The proposed materials can be used to reduce the adhesion of yeast to the implantable material and thus inhibit the formation of microbial biofilms.
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19
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Lindsay SE, Lindsay HG, Kallet J, Weaver MR, Curran-Everett D, Crapo JD, Regan EA. MnTE-2-PyP disrupts Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in a novel fracture model. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:2439-2445. [PMID: 33347639 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm-associated infections in orthopedic surgery lead to worse clinical outcomes and greater morbidity and mortality. The scope of the problem encompasses infected total joints, internally fixed fractures, and implanted devices. Diagnosis is difficult. Cultures are often negative, and antibiotic treatments are ineffective. The infections resist killing by the immune system and antibiotics. The organized matrix structure of extracellular polymeric substances within the biofilm shields and protects the bacteria from identification and immune cell action. Bacteria in biofilms actively modulate their redox environment and can enhance the matrix structure by creating an oxidizing environment. We postulated that a potent redox-active metalloporphyrin MnTE-2-PyP (chemical name: manganese (II) meso-tetrakis-(N-methylpyridinium-2-yl) porphyrin) that scavenges reactive species and modulates the redox state to a reduced state, would improve the effect of antibiotic treatment for a biofilm-associated infection. An infected fracture model with a midshaft femoral osteotomy was created in C57B6 mice, internally fixed with an intramedullary 23-gauge needle and seeded with a biofilm-forming variant of Staphylococcus aureus. Animals were divided into three treatment groups: control, antibiotic alone, and combined antibioticplus MnTE-2-PyP. The combined treatment group had significantly decreased bacterial counts in harvested bone, compared with antibiotic alone. In vitro crystal violet assay of biofilm structure and corresponding nitroblue tetrazolium assay for reactive oxygen species (ROS) demonstrated that MnTE-2-PyP decreased the biofilm structure and reduced ROS in a correlated and dose-dependent manner. The biofilm structure is redox-sensitive in S. aureus and an ROS scavenger improved the effect of antibiotic therapy in model of biofilm-associated infections.
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20
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Quinteros MA, Tolosa J, García-Martínez JC, Páez PL, Paraje MG. Synergic activity of oligostyrylbenzenes with amphotericin B against Candida tropicalis biofilms. Yeast 2021; 38:634-645. [PMID: 34596268 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial drug resistance is a serious challenge in clinical settings worldwide, with biofilm formation having been associated with this problem. In the present study, the synergism of oligostyrylbenzene (OSB) compounds in combination with amphotericin B (AmB) against Candida tropicalis biofilms was investigated. In addition, the toxicity in human blood cells was determined. Synergistic combinations of OSBs and AmB were evaluated to consider future effects of OSBs in vivo. The checkerboard microdilution method was used to study the interactions of one anionic (1) and two cationic (2 and 3) OSBs with AmB. We investigated the effects of OSBs on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the levels of the reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNIs). The cellular stress affected biofilm growth through an accumulation of ROS and RNI, at synergistic concentrations of OSBs and AmB. Furthermore, significant surface topography differences were noted upon treatment with the OSB 2/AmB combination, using confocal laser scanning microscopy in conjunction with the image analysis software COMSTAT. The results revealed a low toxicity to leukocytes and red blood cells at synergistic combinations of cationic OSBs with AmB. These findings demonstrated the antibiofilm effects of OSBs and the synergism of AmB with cationic OSBs against biofilms of C. tropicalis for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa A Quinteros
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology (IMBIV), National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina.,Deparment of Microbiology, Faculty of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juan Tolosa
- Albacete Faculty of Pharmacy, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Joaquín C García-Martínez
- Albacete Faculty of Pharmacy, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Paulina L Páez
- Deparment of Microbiology, Faculty of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Research and Development Unit in Pharmaceutical Technology (UNITEFA), National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María G Paraje
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology (IMBIV), National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina.,Deparment of Microbiology, Faculty of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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21
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Quinteros MA, Galera ILD, Tolosa J, García-Martínez JC, Páez PL, Paraje MG. Novel antifungal activity of oligostyrylbenzenes compounds on Candida tropicalis biofilms. Med Mycol 2021; 59:244-252. [PMID: 32539092 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaa046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As sessile cells of fungal biofilms are at least 500-fold more resistant to antifungal drugs than their planktonic counterparts, there is a requirement for new antifungal agents. Olygostyrylbenzenes (OSBs) are the first generation of poly(phenylene)vinylene dendrimers with a gram-positive antibacterial activity. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of four OSBs (1, 2, 3, and 4) on planktonic cells and biofilms of Candida tropicalis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the planktonic population and the sessile minimum inhibitory concentrations (SMIC) were determined. Biofilm eradication was studied by crystal violet stain and light microscopy (LM), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was also utilized in conjunction with the image analysis software COMSTAT. Although all the OSBs studied had antifungal activity, the cationic OSBs were more effective than the anionic ones. A significant reduction of biofilms was observed at MIC and supraMIC50 (50 times higher than MIC) for compound 2, and at supraMIC50 with compound 3. Alterations in surface topography and the three-dimensional architecture of the biofilms were evident with LM and CLSM. The LM analysis revealed that the C. tropicalis strain produced a striking biofilm with oval blastospores, pseudohyphae, and true hyphae. CLSM images showed that a decrease occurred in the thickness of the mature biofilms treated with the OSBs at the most effective concentration for each one. The results obtained by microscopy were supported by those of the COMSTAT program. Our results revealed an antibiofilm activity, with compound 2 being a potential candidate for the treatment of C. tropicalis infections. LAY SUMMARY This study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of four OSBs (1, 2, 3, and 4) on planktonic cells and biofilms of Candida tropicalis. Our results revealed an antibiofilm activity, with compound 2 being a potential candidate for the treatment of C. tropicalis infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa A Quinteros
- IMBIV - CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina.,Departamento de Cs. Farmacéuticas, Fac. de Cs. Químicas, Univ. Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.,Cátedra de Microbiología, Fac. de Cs. Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Univ. Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ivana L D Galera
- IMBIV - CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina.,Cátedra de Microbiología, Fac. de Cs. Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Univ. Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juan Tolosa
- Fac. de Farmacia de Albacete, Centro Regional de Inv. Biomédicas, Univ. de Castilla-La Mancha, España
| | - Joaquín C García-Martínez
- Fac. de Farmacia de Albacete, Centro Regional de Inv. Biomédicas, Univ. de Castilla-La Mancha, España
| | - Paulina L Páez
- Departamento de Cs. Farmacéuticas, Fac. de Cs. Químicas, Univ. Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.,Cátedra de Microbiología, Fac. de Cs. Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Univ. Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.,UNITEFA - CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María G Paraje
- IMBIV - CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina.,Cátedra de Microbiología, Fac. de Cs. Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Univ. Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
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22
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Li T, Lu Y, Zhang H, Wang L, Beier RC, Jin Y, Wang W, Li H, Hou X. Antibacterial Activity and Membrane-Targeting Mechanism of Aloe-Emodin Against Staphylococcus epidermidis. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:621866. [PMID: 34484130 PMCID: PMC8415635 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.621866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) dwarfs the current antibiotic development and calls for the discovery of new antibacterial agents. Aloe-emodin is a plant-derived compound that holds promise to battle against these strains. This work reports the antimicrobial activity of aloe-emodin against S. epidermidis and other Gram-positive pathogenic species, manifesting minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBCs) around 4-32 and 32-128 μg/mL, respectively. For Gram-negative bacteria tested, the MICs and MBCs of aloe-emodin were 128-256 and above 1024 μg/mL, respectively. Aloe-emodin at the MBC for 4 h eradicated 96.9% of S. epidermidis cells. Aloe-emodin treatment led to deformities in the morphology of S. epidermidis cells and the destroy of the selective permeability of the cell membranes. Analysis of the transcriptional profiles of aloe-emodin-treated cells revealed changes of genes involved in sulfur metabolism, L-lysine and peptidoglycan biosynthesis, and biofilm formation. Aloe-emodin therefore can safely control Gram-positive bacterial infections and proves to target the bacterial outer membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Beijing Huafukang Bioscience Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Ross C. Beier
- Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Yajie Jin
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanrong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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23
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Host-pathogen interaction between macrophage co-cultures with Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2021; 40:2563-2574. [PMID: 34312744 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-021-04306-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to form biofilms is an important virulence factor. During the infectious process, the interaction between biofilms and immune cells is determinant; however, the properties that make biofilms resistant to the immune system are not well characterized. In order to better understand this, we evaluated the in vitro interaction of macrophages during the early stages of S. aureus biofilm formation. Biofilm formation was evaluated by crystal violet staining, light microscopy, and confocal scanning laser microscopy. Furthermore, different activation on L-arginine pathways such as nitric oxide (NO•) release and the arginase, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the total oxidative stress response (OSR), and levels of cytokine liberation, were determined. Our findings show that the interaction between biofilms and macrophages results in stimuli for catabolism of L-arginine via arginase, but not for NO•, an increase of ROS production, and activation of the non-enzymatic OSR. We also observed the production of IL-6, but not of TNFα o IL-10 in these co-cultures. These results contribute to a better understanding of host-pathogen interactions and suggest that biofilms increase resistance against immune cell mechanisms, a phenomenon that could contribute to the ability of S. aureus biofilms to establish mature biofilms.
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24
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Effects of the Quinone Oxidoreductase WrbA on Escherichia coli Biofilm Formation and Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060919. [PMID: 34204135 PMCID: PMC8229589 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of natural compounds on biofilm formation have been extensively studied, with the goal of identifying biofilm formation antagonists at sub-lethal concentrations. Salicylic and cinnamic acids are some examples of these compounds that interact with the quinone oxidoreductase WrbA, a potential biofilm modulator and an antibiofilm compound biomarker. However, WrbA’s role in biofilm development is still poorly understood. To investigate the key roles of WrbA in biofilm maturation and oxidative stress, Escherichia coli wild-type and ∆wrbA mutant strains were used. Furthermore, we reported the functional validation of WrbA as a molecular target of salicylic and cinnamic acids. The lack of WrbA did not impair planktonic growth, but rather affected the biofilm formation through a mechanism that depends on reactive oxygen species (ROS). The loss of WrbA function resulted in an ROS-sensitive phenotype that showed reductions in biofilm-dwelling cells, biofilm thickness, matrix polysaccharide content, and H2O2 tolerance. Endogenous oxidative events in the mutant strain generated a stressful condition to which the bacterium responded by increasing the catalase activity to compensate for the lack of WrbA. Cinnamic and salicylic acids inhibited the quinone oxidoreductase activity of purified recombinant WrbA. The effects of these antibiofilm molecules on WrbA function was proven for the first time.
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25
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Dotto C, Lombarte Serrat A, Ledesma M, Vay C, Ehling-Schulz M, Sordelli DO, Grunert T, Buzzola F. Salicylic acid stabilizes Staphylococcus aureus biofilm by impairing the agr quorum-sensing system. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2953. [PMID: 33536503 PMCID: PMC7858585 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82308-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SAL) has recently been shown to induce biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus and to affect the expression of virulence factors. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of SAL on the regulatory agr system and its impact on S. aureus biofilm formation. The agr quorum-sensing system, which is a central regulator in S. aureus pathogenicity, plays a pivotal role in the dispersal of S. aureus mature biofilms and contributes to the creation of new colonization sites. Here, we demonstrate that SAL impairs biofilm dispersal by interfering with agr expression. As revealed by our work, protease and surfactant molecule production is diminished, and bacterial cell autolysis is also negatively affected by SAL. Furthermore, as a consequence of SAL treatment, the S. aureus biofilm matrix revealed the lack of extracellular DNA. In silico docking and simulation of molecular dynamics provided evidence for a potential interaction of AgrA and SAL, resulting in reduced activity of the agr system. In conclusion, SAL stabilized the mature S. aureus biofilms, which may prevent bacterial cell dissemination. However, it may foster the establishment of infections locally and consequently increase bacterial persistence leading to therapeutic failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Dotto
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica (IMPaM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres" (INGEBI), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Lombarte Serrat
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica (IMPaM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín Ledesma
- Instituto de Fisiopatología y Bioquímica Clínica (INFIBIOC), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Vay
- Instituto de Fisiopatología y Bioquímica Clínica (INFIBIOC), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Monika Ehling-Schulz
- Functional Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel O Sordelli
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica (IMPaM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tom Grunert
- Functional Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fernanda Buzzola
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica (IMPaM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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26
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Resistance of detached-cells of biofilm formed by Staphylococcus aureus to ultra high pressure homogenization. Food Res Int 2021; 139:109954. [PMID: 33509506 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main pathogens contributing to foodborne outbreaks, owing in part to its ability to form biofilms on food-contact surfaces. Cells that can detach from mature biofilms are a source for microbial cross-contamination in liquid food systems. The study was to evaluate and compare the resistance of detached-cells of biofilm formed by S. aureus and planktonic cells to Ultra High Pressure Homogenization (UHPH), a non-thermal technology applied in food processing. The results showed that the survival of both detached-cells and planktonic cells was dependent upon the applied pressure ranging from 30,000 PSI to 40,000 PSI, and cycle numbers with 1 and 3. A significant difference in UHPH resistance was observed at pressures of 35,000 PSI to 40,000 PSI whereby planktonic cell numbers were reduced about 2.0 log CFU/mL compared to a 0.5 log CFU/mL reduction of detached-cells. Cell resistance was further evaluated following UHPH by measuring membrane integrity and potential, as well as observing the cells using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM images revealed more scattered exopolysaccharides in the biofilm after UHPH treatment compared to the control. Additionally, UHPH treatment resulted in planktonic cells having a greater shift to smaller cell size and a wider cell size distribution compared with detached-cells; this indicated a higher resistance of detached-cells to UHPH. This finding suggests that although UHPH has great potential application in food sterilization, the resistance of detached-cells cannot be ignored.
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27
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Naphthoquinones inhibit formation and viability of Yersinia enterocolitica biofilm. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:30. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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28
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Villa F, Secundo F, Forlani F, Cattò C, Cappitelli F. Biochemical and molecular changes of the zosteric acid-treated Escherichia coli biofilm on a mineral surface. ANN MICROBIOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s13213-020-01617-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
The main goal of the present work was to assess the effectiveness of zosteric acid (ZA) in hindering Escherichia coli biofilm formation on a mineral surface.
Methods
Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) flow system was used to probe in situ the biochemical changes induced by ZA on E. coli sessile cells growing on the zinc selenide ATR plate. Comparative proteome analysis was conducted on the sessile cells to better understand the principal molecular changes that occur on ZA-treated biofilms.
Results
The ZA treatment modified the kinetics of the biofilm development. After the ZA exposure, dramatic changes in the carbohydrates, proteins, and DNA profiles were observed over time in the ATR-FTIR spectra. These results were translated into the physiological effects such as the reduction of both the biomass and the EPS contents, the inhibition of the biofilm growth, and the promotion of the detachment. In E. coli sessile cells, the comparative proteome analysis revealed that, while the stress responses were upregulated, the pathways belonging to the DNA replication and repair were downregulated in the ZA-treated biofilms.
Conclusions
The ZA reduced the binding capability of E. coli cells onto the ZnSe crystal, hindering the firm adhesion and the subsequent biofilm development on a mineral surface. The variation of the protein patterns indicated that the ZA acted as a stress factor on the sessile cells that seemed to discourage biomass proliferation, consequently decreasing the surface colonization.
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29
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Oliveira VDC, Souza MT, Zanotto ED, Watanabe E, Coraça-Huber D. Biofilm Formation and Expression of Virulence Genes of Microorganisms Grown in Contact with a New Bioactive Glass. Pathogens 2020; 9:E927. [PMID: 33182533 PMCID: PMC7696213 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive glass F18 (BGF18), a glass containing SiO2-Na2O-K2O-MgO-CaO-P2O5, is highly effective as an osseointegration buster agent when applied as a coating in titanium implants. Biocompatibility tests using this biomaterial exhibited positive results; however, its antimicrobial activity is still under investigation. In this study we evaluated biofilm formation and expression of virulence-factor-related genes in Candida albicans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa grown on surfaces of titanium and titanium coated with BGF18. C. albicans, S. epidermidis, and P. aeruginosa biofilms were grown on specimens for 8, 24, and 48 h. After each interval, the pH was measured and the colony-forming units were counted for the biofilm recovery rates. In parallel, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions were carried out to verify the expression of virulence-factor-related genes. Our results showed that pH changes of the culture in contact with the bioactive glass were merely observed. Reduction in biofilm formation was not observed at any of the studied time. However, changes in the expression level of genes related to virulence factors were observed after 8 and 48 h of culture in BGF18. BGF18 coating did not have a clear inhibitory effect on biofilm growth but promoted the modulation of virulence factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane de Cássia Oliveira
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network—HEID, School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Bandeirantes Avenue 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, São Paulo, Brazil; (V.d.C.O.); (E.W.)
- Department of Dental Materials and Prostheses, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Café Avenue S/N, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Trevelin Souza
- Vitreous Materials Laboratory—LaMaV, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz km 235, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.T.S.); (E.D.Z.)
| | - Edgar Dutra Zanotto
- Vitreous Materials Laboratory—LaMaV, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz km 235, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil; (M.T.S.); (E.D.Z.)
| | - Evandro Watanabe
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network—HEID, School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Bandeirantes Avenue 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, São Paulo, Brazil; (V.d.C.O.); (E.W.)
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Café Avenue S/N, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora Coraça-Huber
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Experimental Orthopedics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Peter‒Mayr-Strasse 4b, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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30
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Role of Superoxide Reductase FA796 in Oxidative Stress Resistance in Filifactor alocis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9178. [PMID: 32513978 PMCID: PMC7280497 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65806-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Filifactor alocis, a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium, is now a proposed diagnostic indicator of periodontal disease. Because the stress response of this bacterium to the oxidative environment of the periodontal pocket may impact its pathogenicity, an understanding of its oxidative stress resistance strategy is vital. Interrogation of the F. alocis genome identified the HMPREF0389_00796 gene that encodes for a putative superoxide reductase (SOR) enzyme. SORs are non-heme, iron-containing enzymes that can catalyze the reduction of superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and are important in the protection against oxidative stress. In this study, we have functionally characterized the putative SOR (FA796) from F. alocis ATCC 35896. The recombinant FA796 protein, which is predicted to be a homotetramer of the 1Fe-SOR class, can reduce superoxide radicals. F. alocis FLL141 (∆FA796::ermF) was significantly more sensitive to oxygen/air exposure compared to the parent strain. Sensitivity correlated with the level of intracellular superoxide radicals. Additionally, the FA796-defective mutant had increased sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide-induced stress, was inhibited in its ability to form biofilm and had reduced survival in epithelial cells. Collectively, these results suggest that the F. alocis SOR protein is a key enzymatic scavenger of superoxide radicals and protects the bacterium from oxidative stress conditions.
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31
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Abstract
Biofilm formation on indwelling medical devices represents an exclusive evasion mechanism for many pathogenic bacteria to establish chronic infections. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major bacterial pathogens that are able to induce both animal and human infections. The continued emergence of multiple drug-resistant S. aureus, especially methicillin-resistant S. aureus, is problematic due to limited treatment options. Biofilm formation by S. aureus complicates the treatment of methicillin-resistant S. aureus infections. Therefore, elucidating the mechanisms of biofilm formation in this pathogen is important for the development of alternative therapeutic strategies. Various environmental and genetic factors contribute to biofilm formation. In this review, we address the environmental factors and discuss how they affect biofilm formation by S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Shanghai Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Shanghai, China
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Jiang Zhang
- Shanghai Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinduo Ji
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
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32
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Arce Miranda JE, Baronetti JL, Sotomayor CE, Paraje MG. Oxidative and nitrosative stress responses during macrophage-Candida albicans biofilm interaction. Med Mycol 2019; 57:101-113. [PMID: 29294039 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myx143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is an important source of device-associated infection because of its capacity for biofilm formation. This yeast has the ability to form biofilms which favors the persistence of the infection. Furthermore, the innate immune response has a critical role in the control of these infections and macrophages (Mø) are vital to this process. An important fungicidal mechanism employed by Mø involves the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI). The interaction between biofilms and these immune cells, and the contribution of oxidative and nitrosative stress, that is determinant to the course of the infection, remains elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate this interaction. To this purpose, two models of Mø-biofilms contact, early (model 1) and mature (model 2) biofilms, were used; and the production of ROS, RNI and the oxidative stress response (OSR) were evaluated. We found that the presence of Mø decreased the biofilm formation at an early stage and increased the production of ROS and RNI, with activation of ORS (enzymatic and nonenzymatic). On the other hand, the interaction between mature biofilms and Mø resulted in an increasing biofilm formation, with low levels of RNI and ROS production and decrease of OSR. Dynamic interactions between Mø and fungal biofilms were also clearly evident from images obtained by confocal scanning laser microscopy. The prooxidant-antioxidant balance was different depending of C. albicans biofilms stages and likely acts as a signal over their formation in presence of Mø. These results may contribute to a better understanding of the immune-pathogenesis of C. albicans biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio E Arce Miranda
- IMBIV-National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - José L Baronetti
- IMBIV-National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Claudia E Sotomayor
- CIBICI-National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M Gabriela Paraje
- IMBIV-National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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33
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Wang Y, Yi L, Zhang J, Sun L, Wen W, Zhang C, Wang S. Functional analysis of superoxide dismutase ofSalmonellatyphimurium in serum resistance and biofilm formation. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:1526-1533. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang China
| | - L. Yi
- College of Life Science; Luoyang Normal University; Luoyang China
| | - J. Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang China
| | - L. Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang China
| | - W. Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang China
| | - C. Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang China
| | - S. Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shanghai China
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34
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The antioxidant activity of a prenyl flavonoid alters its antifungal toxicity on Candida albicans biofilms. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 114:285-291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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35
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Preparation, characterization and toxicity evaluation of amphotericin B loaded MPEG-PCL micelles and its application for buccal tablets. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:7357-7370. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8463-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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36
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Aloe-emodin inhibits Staphylococcus aureus biofilms and extracellular protein production at the initial adhesion stage of biofilm development. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:6671-6681. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8403-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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37
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Yin S, Jiang B, Huang G, Gong Y, You B, Yang Z, Chen Y, Chen J, Yuan Z, Li M, Hu F, Zhao Y, Peng Y. Burn Serum Increases Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Formation via Oxidative Stress. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1191. [PMID: 28702016 PMCID: PMC5487419 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen isolated from burn patients that can form biofilms on burn wounds and implanted deep vein catheters, which often leads to refractory infections or even biofilm-related sepsis. As biofilm formation is usually regulated by environmental conditions, we hypothesized that serum composition may be altered after burn injury, potentially affecting the ability of infecting bacteria to form biofilms. As predicted, we observed that serum from burn-injured rats increases biofilm formation by S. aureus and also induces bacterial aggregation and adherence to human fibronectin and fibrinogen. Analysis of potential regulatory factors revealed that exposure to burn serum decreases expression of the quorum-sensing agr system and increases mRNA levels of some biofilm inducers such as sarA and icaA. In addition, we also observed that burn serum imposes oxidative stress and increases expression of key oxidoreductase genes (sodA, sodM, katA, and ahpC) in S. aureus. Importantly, the ability of burn serum to enhance biofilm formation and bacterial cell aggregation can be abrogated by treatment with an antioxidant. Taken together, these findings indicate that burn serum increases S. aureus biofilm formation via elevated oxidative stress, and may lead to novel strategies to control biofilm formation and infection in burn patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Bei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Guangtao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Yali Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Bo You
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Zichen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Microbiology, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Fuquan Hu
- Department of Microbiology, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Yizhi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China
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Pieta L, Escudero FLG, Jacobus AP, Cheiran KP, Gross J, Moya MLE, Soares GLG, Margis R, Frazzon APG, Frazzon J. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of Listeria monocytogenes reveals upregulation of stress genes and downregulation of virulence genes in response to essential oil extracted from Baccharis psiadioides. ANN MICROBIOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-017-1277-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Marioni J, Arce JE, Cabrera JL, Paraje MG, Núñez Montoya SC. Reduction of Candida tropicalis biofilm by photoactivation of a Heterophyllaea pustulata extract. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2791-2801. [PMID: 27256704 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1183683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Biofilm formation is an important problem, since this growth mode confers resistance to drugs usually used in therapeutics. OBJECTIVE In vitro antifungal activity of extracts obtained from Heterophyllaea pustulata Hook f. (Rubiaceae) were studied against Candida tropicalis biofilms, evaluating the effect of irradiation and the oxidative and nitrosative stresses as possible mechanisms of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hexane, benzene, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts were evaluated at three concentrations (0.2, 0.1 and 0.05 mg/mL) over mature biofilm, under darkness and irradiation. After 48 h of incubation, biofilm quantitation was performed by the O'Toole and Kolter method. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by nitro-blue tetrazolium (NBT) reaction and reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI) by the Griess reagent. Superoxide dismutase activation (SOD, NBT assay) and total antioxidant system (FRAP test) were studied. RESULTS Only the benzene extract at 0.2 mg/mL reduced the biofilms formation. The slight decrease achieved in darkness (17.06 ± 2.80% reduction) was increased by light action (39.31 ± 3.50% reduction), clearly observing a photostimulation. This great reduction was confirmed by confocal microscopy. In darkness, biofilm reduction was mediated by an increase in RNI, whereas under irradiation, the ROS action was most important. Although no SOD activation was observed, a strong stimulation of the total antioxidant system was detected. HPLC analysis established a high content of several anthraquinones in this extract. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Biofilm reduction by benzene extract was mainly mediated by oxidative stress triggered under light action, confirming a photodynamic sensitization, which could be attributed to its high content of photosensitizing anthraquinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Marioni
- a IMBIV-CONICET, Departamento De Farmacia, Facultad De Ciencias Químicas , Universidad Nacional De Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
- b IMBIV-CONICET , Cátedra De Microbiología, Facultad De Ciencias Exactas Físicas Y Naturales . Universidad Nacional De Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Julio E Arce
- b IMBIV-CONICET , Cátedra De Microbiología, Facultad De Ciencias Exactas Físicas Y Naturales . Universidad Nacional De Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - José L Cabrera
- a IMBIV-CONICET, Departamento De Farmacia, Facultad De Ciencias Químicas , Universidad Nacional De Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - María G Paraje
- b IMBIV-CONICET , Cátedra De Microbiología, Facultad De Ciencias Exactas Físicas Y Naturales . Universidad Nacional De Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Susana C Núñez Montoya
- a IMBIV-CONICET, Departamento De Farmacia, Facultad De Ciencias Químicas , Universidad Nacional De Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
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Marioni J, da Silva MA, Cabrera JL, Montoya SCN, Paraje MG. The anthraquinones rubiadin and its 1-methyl ether isolated from Heterophyllaea pustulata reduces Candida tropicalis biofilms formation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1321-1328. [PMID: 27765351 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Candida tropicalis is increasingly becoming among the most commonly isolated pathogens causing fungal infections with an important biofilm-forming capacity. PURPOSE This study addresses the antifungal effect of rubiadin (AQ1) and rubiadin 1-methyl ether (AQ2), two photosensitizing anthraquinones (AQs) isolated from Heterophyllaea pustulata, against C. tropicalis biofilms, by studying the cellular stress and antioxidant response in two experimental conditions: darkness and irradiation. The combination with Amphotericin B (AmB) was assayed to evaluate the synergic effect. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS Biofilms of clinical isolates and reference strain of Candida tropicalis were treated with AQs (AQ1 or AQ2) and/or AmB, and the biofilms depletion was studied by crystal violet and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). The oxidant metabolites production and the response of antioxidant defense system were also evaluated under dark and irradiation conditions, being the light a trigger for photo-activation of the AQs. The Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) were detected by the reduction of Nitro Blue Tetrazolium test, and Reactive Nitrogen Intermediates (RNI) by the Griess assay. ROS accumulation was also detected inside biofilms by using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe, which was visualized by CSLM. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the total antioxidant capacity of biofilms were measured by spectrophotometric methods. The minimun inhibitory concentration for sessile cells (SMIC) was determined for each AQs and AmB. The fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) was calculated for the combinations of each AQ with AmB by the checkerboard microdilution method. RESULTS Biofilm reduction of both strains was more effective with AQ1 than with AQ2. The antifungal effect was mediated by an oxidative and nitrosative stress under irradiation, with a significant accumulation of endogenous ROS detected by CSLM and an increase in the SOD activity. Thus, the prooxidant-antioxidant balance was altered especially by AQ1. The best synergic combination with AmB was also obtained with AQ1 (80.5%) (FICI=0.74). CONCLUSION Under irradiation, the oxidative stress was the predominant effect, altering the prooxidant-antioxidant balance, which may be the cause of the irreversible cell injury in the biofilm. Our results showed synergism of these natural AQs with AmB. Therefore, the photosensitizing AQ1 could be an alternative for the Candida infections treatment, which deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Marioni
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina. Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Angel da Silva
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina. Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - José Luis Cabrera
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina. Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Susana C Núñez Montoya
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina. Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Paraje
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina. Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Kakuda S, Ninomiya M, Tanaka K, Koketsu M. Synthesis of Pterocarpan Derivatives and their Inhibitory Effects against Microbial Growth and Biofilms. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Syuko Kakuda
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering; Gifu University; 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1193 Japan
| | - Masayuki Ninomiya
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering; Gifu University; 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1193 Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering; Gifu University; 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1193 Japan
| | - Kaori Tanaka
- Division of Anaerobe Research, Life Science Research Center; Gifu University; 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1194 Japan
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medicinal Information Sciences; Gifu University; 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1194 Japan
| | - Mamoru Koketsu
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering; Gifu University; 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1193 Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering; Gifu University; 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1193 Japan
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Quinteros MA, Cano Aristizábal V, Dalmasso PR, Paraje MG, Páez PL. Oxidative stress generation of silver nanoparticles in three bacterial genera and its relationship with the antimicrobial activity. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 36:216-223. [PMID: 27530963 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a condition caused by the high intracellular concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that includes superoxide anion radicals, hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide. Nanoparticles could cause rapid generation of free radicals by redox reactions. ROS can react directly with membrane lipids, proteins and DNA and are normally scavenged by antioxidants that are capable of neutralizing; however, elevated concentrations of ROS in bacterial cells can result in oxidative stress. The aim of this work was contribute to the knowledge of action mechanism of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and their relation to the generation of oxidative stress in bacteria. We demonstrated that Ag-NPs generated oxidative stress in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa mediated by the increment of ROS and this increase correlated with a better antimicrobial activity. On the other hand, we showed that the oxidative stress caused by the Ag-NPs biosynthesized was associated to a variation in the level of reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI). Oxidative stress in bacteria can result from disruption of the electronic transport chain due to the high affinity of Ag-NPs for the cell membrane. This imbalance in the oxidative stress was evidentiated by a macromolecular oxidation at level of DNA, lipids and proteins in E. coli exposed to Ag-NPs. The formation of ROS and RNI by Ag-NPs may also be considered to explain the bacterial death.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Quinteros
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Dto. Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - V Cano Aristizábal
- Dto. Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - P R Dalmasso
- CITSE, INBIONATEC, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, RN 9, Km 1125, 4206 Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - M G Paraje
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - P L Páez
- Dto. Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina; Unidad de Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
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Dworniczek E, Plesch G, Seniuk A, Adamski R, Michal R, Čaplovičová M. Photo-catalytic inactivation of an Enterococcus biofilm: the anti-microbial effect of sulphated and europium-doped titanium dioxide nanopowders. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2016; 363:fnw051. [PMID: 26940291 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnw051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The control and prevention of biofilm-related infections is an important public healthcare issue. Given the increasing antibiotic resistance among bacteria and fungi that cause serious infections in humans, promotion of new strategies combating microorganisms has been essential. One attractive approach to inactivate microorganisms is the use of semiconductor photo-catalysis, which has become the subject of extensive research. In this study, the bactericidal properties of four photo-catalysts, TiO₂, TiO₂-S, TiO₂-Eu and TiO₂-Eu-S, were investigated against established 24, 48, 72 and 96 h biofilms of Enterococcus The exposure of biofilms to the catalysts induced the production of superoxide radical anions. The best photo-catalytic inactivation was achieved with the TiO₂-Eu-S and TiO₂-S nanopowders and 24 h biofilms. Transmission electron microscopy images showed significant changes in the structure of the biofilm cells following photo-inactivation. The results suggest that doping with europium and modifying the surface with sulphate groups enhanced the bactericidal activity of the TiO₂ nanoparticles against enterococcal biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Dworniczek
- Department of Microbiology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Gustav Plesch
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alicja Seniuk
- Department of Microbiology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ryszard Adamski
- Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wrocław, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Róbert Michal
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Čaplovičová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Feldman M, Ginsburg I, Al-Quntar A, Steinberg D. Thiazolidinedione-8 Alters Symbiotic Relationship in C. albicans-S. mutans Dual Species Biofilm. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:140. [PMID: 26904013 PMCID: PMC4748032 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The small molecule, thiazolidinedione-8 (S-8) was shown to impair biofilm formation of various microbial pathogens, including the fungus Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans. Previously, we have evaluated the specific molecular mode of S-8 action against C. albicans biofilm-associated pathogenicity. In this study we investigated the influence of S-8 on dual species, C. albicans-S. mutans biofilm. We show that in the presence of S-8 a reduction of the co-species biofilm formation occurred with a major effect on C. albicans. Biofilm biomass and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production were significantly reduced by S-8. Moreover, the agent caused oxidative stress associated with a strong induction of reactive oxygen species and hydrogen peroxide uptake inhibition by a mixed biofilm. In addition, S-8 altered symbiotic relationship between these species by a complex mechanism. Streptococcal genes associated with quorum sensing (QS) (comDE and luxS), EPS production (gtfBCD and gbpB), as well as genes related to protection against oxidative stress (nox and sodA) were markedly upregulated by S-8. In contrast, fungal genes related to hyphae formation (hwp1), adhesion (als3), hydrophobicity (csh1), and oxidative stress response (sod1, sod2, and cat1) were downregulated in the presence of S-8. In addition, ywp1 gene associated with yeast form of C. albicans was induced by S-8, which is correlated with appearance of mostly yeast cells in S-8 treated dual species biofilms. We concluded that S-8 disturbs symbiotic balance between C. albicans and S. mutans in dual species biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Feldman
- Biofilm Research Laboratory, Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Isaac Ginsburg
- Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Abed Al-Quntar
- Biofilm Research Laboratory, Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem, Israel; Institute of Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem, Israel
| | - Doron Steinberg
- Biofilm Research Laboratory, Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel
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Martínez SR, Miana GE, Albesa I, Mazzieri MR, Becerra MC. Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity and Reactive Species Generation of N-Benzenesulfonyl Derivatives of Heterocycles. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:135-41. [PMID: 26833442 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c15-00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two N-benzenesulfonyl (BS) derivatives of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (THQ) were designed, prepared, and screened for antibacterial activity. This approach was based on combining the two privileged structures, BS and THQ, which are known to be active. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of BS-THQ and its analogue 4-NH2BS-THQ, and to investigate the roles of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species in their lethality. Both showed bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) ATCC 43300, with transmission electron microscopy revealing a disturbed membrane architecture. Furthermore, an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in strains treated with BS-THQ with respect to the control was detected when fluorescent microscopy and spectrophotometric techniques were used. The analogue 4-NH2BS-THQ demonstrated a broader spectrum of activity than BS-THQ, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 100 µg/mL against reference strains of S. aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The assayed compounds represent promising structures for the development of new synthetic classes of antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Romina Martínez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
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Martínez SR, Rocca DM, Aiassa V, Becerra MC. Linezolid as an eradication agent against assembled methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19670e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) biofilms eradicated by linezolid.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. R. Martínez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV)
- CONICET
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Córdoba
- Argentina
| | - D. M. Rocca
- Departamento de Farmacia
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Córdoba
- Argentina
| | - V. Aiassa
- Departamento de Farmacia
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Córdoba
- Argentina
| | - M. C. Becerra
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV)
- CONICET
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Córdoba
- Argentina
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Peralta MA, da Silva MA, Ortega MG, Cabrera JL, Paraje MG. Antifungal activity of a prenylated flavonoid from Dalea elegans against Candida albicans biofilms. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 22:975-980. [PMID: 26407939 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The continuing emergence of infections with antifungal resistant Candida strains requires a constant search for new antifungal drugs, with the plant kingdom being an important source of chemical structures. PURPOSE The present study investigated the antifungal effect of 2',4'-dihydroxy-5'-(1''',1'''-dimethylallyl)-8-prenylpinocembrin (8PP, formerly 6PP), a natural prenylflavonoid, on Candida albicans biofilms, and compared this with an azole antifungal (fluconazole) by studying the cellular stress and antioxidant response. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS The fluconazole sensitive (SCa) and azole-resistant (RCa) C. albicans strains were used, with biofilm formation being studied using crystal violet (CV) and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). The minimal inhibitory concentration for sessile cells (SMIC) was defined as the concentration of antifungal that caused a 50% (SMIC 50) and 80% (SMIC 80) reduction of treated biofilms. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by the reduction of nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT), and reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI) were determined by the Griess assay. The activities of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) antioxidant enzymes and the total antioxidant capacity of the biofilms were measured by spectrophotometric methods. ROS accumulation was also detected inside biofilms by using the fluorogenic dye 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), which was visualized by CSLM. RESULTS The SCa and RCa biofilms were strongly inhibited by 8PP at 100 µM (SMIC 80). We observed that cellular stress affected biofilms growth, resulting in an increase of ROS and also of reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI), with SOD and CAT being increased significantly in the presence of 8PP. The basal level of the biofilm total antioxidant capacity was higher in RCa than SCa. Moreover, in SCa, the total antioxidant capacity rose considerably in the presence of both 8PP and fluconazole. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that 8PP may be useful for the treatment of biofilm-related Candida infections, through an accumulation of endogenous ROS and RNI that can induce an adaptive response based on a coordinated increase in antioxidant defenses. 8PP may also have a therapeutic potential in C. albicans infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Andrea Peralta
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Angel da Silva
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Cátedra de Microbiología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Ortega
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - José Luis Cabrera
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Paraje
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Cátedra de Microbiología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Angel Villegas N, Baronetti J, Albesa I, Etcheverría A, Becerra MC, Padola NL, Paraje MG. Effect of antibiotics on cellular stress generated in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 and non-O157 biofilms. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:1692-700. [PMID: 26130220 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are important food-borne pathogens, with the main virulence factor of this bacterium being its capacity to secrete Shiga toxins (Stxs). Therefore, the use of certain antibiotics for the treatment of this infection, which induces the liberation of Stxs, is controversial. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are also involved in the pathogenesis of different diseases. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of antibiotics on biofilms of STEC and the relationships between cellular stress and the release of Stx. To this end, biofilms of reference and clinical strains were treated with antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, fosfomycin and rifaximin) and the production of oxidants, the antioxidant defense system and toxin release were evaluated. Ciprofloxacin altered the prooxidant-antioxidant balance, with a decrease of oxidant metabolites and an increase of superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, being associated with high-levels of Stx production. Furthermore, inhibition of oxidative stress by exogenous antioxidants was correlated with a reduction in the liberation of Stx, indicating the participation of this phenomenon in the release of this toxin. In contrast, fosfomycin and rifaximin produced less alteration with a minimal production of Stx. Our data show that treatment of biofilm-STEC with these antibiotics induces oxidative stress-mediated release of Stx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Angel Villegas
- IMBIV-CONICET y Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - José Baronetti
- IMBIV-CONICET y Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Inés Albesa
- IMBIV-CONICET y Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Analía Etcheverría
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica y Biotecnología, Dpto. SAMP, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina
| | - M Cecilia Becerra
- IMBIV-CONICET y Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Nora L Padola
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica y Biotecnología, Dpto. SAMP, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina
| | - M Gabriela Paraje
- IMBIV-CONICET y Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.
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Bui LMG, Turnidge JD, Kidd SP. The induction of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation or Small Colony Variants is a strain-specific response to host-generated chemical stresses. Microbes Infect 2014; 17:77-82. [PMID: 25284682 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is extremely versatile. It has a capacity to persist within its host by switching to the alternative lifestyles of biofilm or Small Colony Variants (SCV). The induction of this switch has been presumed to be in response to stressed conditions, however the environmental basis has not been thoroughly investigated. We assessed the response of numerous strains to chemicals that are present in human host. There were some that induced a biofilm or SCV phenotype and indeed some inducing both lifestyles. This result illustrates the diversity within a population and a strain-specific adaptation to the presence of host-generated stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long M G Bui
- Research Centre for Infectious Disease, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - John D Turnidge
- SA Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Stephen P Kidd
- Research Centre for Infectious Disease, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
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50
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Abdallah M, Chataigne G, Ferreira-Theret P, Benoliel C, Drider D, Dhulster P, Chihib NE. Effect of growth temperature, surface type and incubation time on the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms to disinfectants. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:2597-607. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5479-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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