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Shang T, Jiang T, Cui X, Pan Y, Feng X, Dong L, Wang H. Diverse functions of SOX9 in liver development and homeostasis and hepatobiliary diseases. Genes Dis 2024; 11:100996. [PMID: 38523677 PMCID: PMC10958229 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver is the central organ for digestion and detoxification and has unique metabolic and regenerative capacities. The hepatobiliary system originates from the foregut endoderm, in which cells undergo multiple events of cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation to form the liver parenchyma and ductal system under the hierarchical regulation of transcription factors. Studies on liver development and diseases have revealed that SRY-related high-mobility group box 9 (SOX9) plays an important role in liver embryogenesis and the progression of hepatobiliary diseases. SOX9 is not only a master regulator of cell fate determination and tissue morphogenesis, but also regulates various biological features of cancer, including cancer stemness, invasion, and drug resistance, making SOX9 a potential biomarker for tumor prognosis and progression. This review systematically summarizes the latest findings of SOX9 in hepatobiliary development, homeostasis, and disease. We also highlight the value of SOX9 as a novel biomarker and potential target for the clinical treatment of major liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyu Shang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Tianyi Jiang
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaowen Cui
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Yufei Pan
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Xiaofan Feng
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Liwei Dong
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hongyang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Laboratory of Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University & Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200438, China
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Du Y, Zhong H, Yu C, Lv Y, Yao Y, Peng Z, Lu S. Mir-142-5p inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by targeting Lhx8. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19878. [PMID: 37809754 PMCID: PMC10559276 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP), a common systemic bone metabolism disease with a high incidence rate, is a serious health risk factor. Osteogenic differentiation balance is regulated by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and plays a key role in OP occurrence and progression. Although, LIM homeobox 8 (Lhx8) has been identified to affect BMSCs osteogenic differentiation, its roles in OP and the associated mechanism remains unclear. Here, we aimed to elucidate the role and mechanism of Lhx8 in the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. BMSCs isolated from wild type and OP Sprague-Dawley rats were cultured and confirmed via flow cytometry and microscopy. Based on dual-luciferase reporter assay, BMSCs were transfected with miR-142-5p mimics and miR-NC (negative control). Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses were performed to determine the role of Lhx8 in BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. Lhx8 expression was significantly reduced in OP, whereas that of miR-142-5p, a possible Lhx8 regulator, was significantly upregulated. Dual-luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-142-5p exerted a direct targeted regulatory effect on Lhx8. Moreover, miR-142-5p mimics significantly inhibited BMSCs osteogenic differentiation as well as Lhx8 expression in vitro, indicating that miR-142-5p may be involved in BMSCs osteogenic differentiation via Lhx8 expression regulation and may serve as a potential diagnostic target for OP. Overall, these findings indicated that miR-142-5p inhibits BMSCs osteogenic differentiation by suppressing Lhx8. These may serve as a foundation for further studies on OP treatment based on miR-142-5p targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Du
- Orthopaedics Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Yunnan Provincial Center for Clinical Medicine in Spinal and Spinal Cord Disorders, Kunming, 650034, China
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Orthopaedics Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Yunnan Provincial Center for Clinical Medicine in Spinal and Spinal Cord Disorders, Kunming, 650034, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Orthopaedics Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Yunnan Provincial Center for Clinical Medicine in Spinal and Spinal Cord Disorders, Kunming, 650034, China
| | - Yan Lv
- Orthopaedics Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Yunnan Provincial Center for Clinical Medicine in Spinal and Spinal Cord Disorders, Kunming, 650034, China
- Faculty of Life science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yueyi Yao
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, 1168 Chunrongxi Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Zhi Peng
- Orthopaedics Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Yunnan Provincial Center for Clinical Medicine in Spinal and Spinal Cord Disorders, Kunming, 650034, China
| | - Sheng Lu
- Orthopaedics Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Yunnan Provincial Center for Clinical Medicine in Spinal and Spinal Cord Disorders, Kunming, 650034, China
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Remmers SJ, van der Heijden FC, de Wildt BW, Ito K, Hofmann S. Tuning the resorption-formation balance in an in vitro 3D osteoblast-osteoclast co-culture model of bone. Bone Rep 2022; 18:101646. [PMID: 36578830 PMCID: PMC9791323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2022.101646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to further improve an in vitro 3D osteoblast (OB) - osteoclast (OC) co-culture model of bone by tuning it towards states of formation, resorption, and equilibrium for their future applications in fundamental research, drug development and personalized medicine. This was achieved by varying culture medium composition and monocyte seeding density, the two external parameters that affect cell behavior the most. Monocytes were seeded at two seeding densities onto 3D silk-fibroin constructs pre-mineralized by MSC-derived OBs and were co-cultured in one of three different media (OC stimulating, Neutral and OB stimulating medium) for three weeks. Histology showed mineralized matrix after co-culture and OC markers in the OC medium group. Scanning Electron Microscopy showed large OC-like cells in the OC medium group. Micro-computed tomography showed increased formation in the OB medium group, equilibrium in the Neutral medium group and resorption in the OC medium group. Culture supernatant samples showed high early tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) release in the OC medium group, a later and lower release in the Neutral medium group, and almost no release in the OB medium group. Increased monocyte seeding density showed a less-than-proportional increase in TRAP release and resorption in OC medium, while it proportionally increased TRAP release in Neutral medium without affecting net resorption. The 3D OB-OC co-culture model was effectively used to show an excess of mineral deposition using OB medium, resorption using OC medium, or an equilibrium using Neutral medium. All three media applied to the model may have their own distinct applications in fundamental research, drug development, and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sandra Hofmann
- Corresponding author at: Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
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Wang S, Chen F, Zeng C, Gu H, Wang Z, Yu W, Wu Y, Shen H. RNA Sequencing Reveals the Expression Profiles of circRNAs and Indicates Hsa_circ_0070562 as a Pro-osteogenic Factor in Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis. Front Genet 2022; 13:947120. [PMID: 35873481 PMCID: PMC9299369 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.947120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a crucial regulatory role in a variety of human diseases. However, the roles of circRNAs in pathological osteogenesis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) remain unclear. We conducted circRNA and miRNA expression profiling of osteogenically differentiated bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) of patients with AS compared with those of healthy donors (HDs) by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Results showed that a total of 31806 circRNAs were detected in the BMSC samples, of which 418 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed (DE) with a fold change ≥2 and p value <0.05. Among these, 204 circRNAs were upregulated, and 214 were downregulated. GO and KEGG analyses demonstrated that the DE circRNAs were mainly involved in the regulation of biological processes of the cell matrix adhesion and the TGF-beta signaling pathway, which are closely related to AS. circRNA-miRNA interaction networks related to the TGF-beta signaling pathway were established. The results of qRT-PCR showed that has_circ_0070562 was significantly up-regulated in AS-MSCs. In vitro experiments showed that silencing of has_circ_0070562 weakened osteogenesis of AS-BMSCs. In conclusion, we identified numerous circRNAs that were dysregulated in AS-BMSCs compared with HD-BMSCs. Bioinformatic analyses suggested that these dysregulated circRNAs might play important functional roles in AS-BMSCs osteogenesis. Circ_0070562 functioned as a pro-ostegenic factor and might serve as a potential biomarker and a therapeutic target for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- Center for Biotherapy, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fenglei Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chenying Zeng
- Center for Biotherapy, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huimin Gu
- Center for Biotherapy, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziming Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenhui Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanfeng Wu
- Center for Biotherapy, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huiyong Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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Baek I, Bello AB, Jeon J, Arai Y, Cha BH, Kim BJ, Lee SH. Therapeutic potential of epiphyseal growth plate cells for bone regeneration in an osteoporosis model. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221116754. [PMID: 35983547 PMCID: PMC9379561 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221116754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone growth occurs in the epiphyseal growth plate (EGP) and epiphyseal growth plate cells (EGPCs) exist in EGP. EGPCs, including skeletal stem cells (SSCs), are cells that induce bone growth and development through endochondral ossification. Recently, the superiority of bone regeneration through endochondral ossification has been reported. Our study compared EGPCs with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and suggested the therapeutic potential of new bone regeneration. In this study, we analyzed the characteristics between EGPCs and BM-MSCs based on morphological characteristics and molecular profiles. EGPCs expressed chondrogenic and osteogenic markers higher than BM-MSCs. Additionally, in co-culture with BM-MSCs, EGPCs induced an increase in chondrogenic, osteogenic, and hypertrophic markers of BM-MSCs. Finally, EGPCs induced higher bone regeneration than BM-MSCs in the osteoporosis model. Overall, we suggest the possibility of EGPCs as cell therapy for effective bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inho Baek
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Alvin Bacero Bello
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Jeon
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoshie Arai
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hyun Cha
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Soo-Hong Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
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Li Y, Fu G, Gong Y, Li B, Li W, Liu D, Yang X. BMP-2 promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by enhancing mitochondrial activity. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS 2022; 22:123-131. [PMID: 35234167 PMCID: PMC8919656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become seed cells and basic elements for bone regeneration and bone tissue engineering. The aim of the present study was to investigate the roles and mechanisms of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) on osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. METHODS Primary MSCs were isolated from the femur and tibia bone of rats and then transfected with BMP-2 and PGC-1α adenovirus vectors. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red staining were used to measure osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Real-time PCR and western blot assays were performed to assess osteogenic differentiation-related proteins levels. The activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I and II and mitochondrial fluorescence intensity were used to explore mitochondria status during osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. RESULTS We found that the ability of BMP-2 overexpressed (OE) group osteogenic differentiation was significantly improved, compared with the negative control (NC) group. The results also indicated that BMP-2 can promote the activity of mitochondria. We further used the gain- and loss-of-function approaches to demonstrate that BMP-2 promotes mitochondrial activity by up-regulating PGC-1α to promote osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. CONCLUSIONS These results explored the important role of BMP-2 in the osteoblast differentiation of MSCs from a new perspective, providing a theoretical and experimental basis for bone defect and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuzhou No.1 People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Guangmin Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuzhou No.1 People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yahui Gong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuzhou No.1 People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuzhou No.1 People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuzhou No.1 People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dacheng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuzhou No.1 People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoning Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuzhou No.1 People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, China,Corresponding author: Xiaoning Yang, Department of orthopaedics, Xuzhou No.1 People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, 221000, China E-mail:
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Sohrabi M, Eftekhari Yekta B, Rezaie H, Naimi-Jamal MR, Kumar A, Cochis A, Miola M, Rimondini L. Enhancing Mechanical Properties and Biological Performances of Injectable Bioactive Glass by Gelatin and Chitosan for Bone Small Defect Repair. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120616. [PMID: 33334044 PMCID: PMC7765522 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive glass (BG) represents a promising biomaterial for bone healing; here injectable BG pastes biological properties were improved by the addition of gelatin or chitosan, as well as mechanical resistance was enhanced by adding 10 or 20 wt% 3-Glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) cross-linker. Composite pastes exhibited bioactivity as apatite formation was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) after 14 days immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF); moreover, polymers did not enhance degradability as weight loss was >10% after 30 days in physiological conditions. BG-gelatin-20 wt% GPTMS composites demonstrated the highest compressive strength (4.8 ± 0.5 MPa) in comparison with the bulk control paste made of 100% BG in water (1.9 ± 0.1 MPa). Cytocompatibility was demonstrated towards human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC), osteoblasts progenitors, and endothelial cells. The presence of 20 wt% GPTMS conferred antibacterial properties thus inhibiting the joint pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis infection. Finally, hMSC osteogenesis was successfully supported in a 3D model as demonstrated by alkaline phosphatase release and osteogenic genes expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Sohrabi
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 1684613114, Iran; (M.S.); (H.R.)
| | - Bijan Eftekhari Yekta
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 1684613114, Iran; (M.S.); (H.R.)
- Correspondence: (B.E.Y.); (L.R.)
| | - Hamidreza Rezaie
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 1684613114, Iran; (M.S.); (H.R.)
| | - Mohammad Reza Naimi-Jamal
- Department of Chemistry, Research Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Polymers, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 1684613114, Iran;
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases–CAAD, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.K.); (A.C.)
| | - Andrea Cochis
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases–CAAD, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.K.); (A.C.)
| | - Marta Miola
- Institute of Materials Engineering and Physics, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy;
| | - Lia Rimondini
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases–CAAD, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.K.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: (B.E.Y.); (L.R.)
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Protective Effects of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Insulin Secretion and Inflammation in the Treatment of Severe Acute Pancreatitis in Rats. Transplant Proc 2020; 52:333-344. [PMID: 31928780 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2019.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aims to demonstrate the protective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs) on transplanted islets and its potential therapeutic role of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from 6 male SD rats, and were identified. The Islets isolated from 20 SD rats were evenly and randomly divided into co-culture group, and basic culture group (control group), in which the islets were cultured in DMEM/F12 medium, so as to compare the insulin secretion and stimulation index. Severe AP was induced in SD rats by retrograde injection of sodium taurocholate. Ninety rats were randomly and evenly assigned into 5 groups: control group (healthy rats), SAP group, tail vein injection group, intraperitoneal injection group and combined injection (tail vein + intraperitoneal) group. Rats were sacrificed on day 1, 2, and 3. The pancreatic tissues and blood were collected. The plasma levels of IL-10, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 were determined using ELISA. Pathologic changes of the pancreas were observed using HE staining, and the positioning of DAPI labeled bmMSCs in vivo were detected. RESULTS Insulin secretion and the stimulation index of co-culture group were significantly higher than those of basic culture group (P < .05), after 7 and 14 days of culture. Inflammation, edema, hemorrhage and necrosis in each model of pancreatitis were reduced significantly in BMMSCs injection group as compared to SAP group (P < .05). Infused BMMSCs through combined injection indicated improved outcome than that of tail-vein injection or intraperitoneal injection alone. CONCLUSION Co-culture of BMMSCs with transplanted islets prolongs the survival time of islets and maintains in vitro activity. In the rat model of SAP, combined injection of BMMSCs through tail vein and intraperitoneal significantly suppresses the inflammatory reaction and alleviates pancreatic injury in rat SAP model.
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Xie ZY, Wang P, Wu YF, Shen HY. Long non-coding RNA: The functional regulator of mesenchymal stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:167-179. [PMID: 30949295 PMCID: PMC6441937 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i3.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a subset of multipotent stroma cells residing in various tissues of the body. Apart from supporting the hematopoietic stem cell niche, MSCs possess strong immunoregulatory ability and multiple differentiation potentials. These powerful capacities allow the extensive application of MSCs in clinical practice as an effective treatment for diseases. Therefore, illuminating the functional mechanism of MSCs will help to improve their curative effect and promote their clinical use. Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) is a novel class of noncoding RNA longer than 200 nt. Recently, multiple studies have demonstrated that LncRNA is widely involved in growth and development through controlling the fate of cells, including MSCs. In this review, we highlight the role of LncRNA in regulating the functions of MSCs and discuss their participation in the pathogenesis of diseases and clinical use in diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yu Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yan-Feng Wu
- Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hui-Yong Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
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10
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Song JY, Pineault KM, Wellik DM. Development, repair, and regeneration of the limb musculoskeletal system. Curr Top Dev Biol 2019; 132:451-486. [PMID: 30797517 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The limb musculoskeletal system provides a primary means for locomotion, manipulation of objects and protection for most vertebrate organisms. Intricate integration of the bone, tendon and muscle tissues are required for function. These three tissues arise largely independent of one another, but the connections formed during later development are maintained throughout life and are re-established following injury. Each of these tissues also have mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells that function in maintenance and repair. Here in, we will review the major events in the development of limb skeleton, tendon, and muscle tissues, their response to injury, and discuss current knowledge regarding resident progenitor/stem cells within each tissue that participate in development, repair, and regeneration in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Y Song
- Program in Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kyriel M Pineault
- Department of Cell & Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Deneen M Wellik
- Department of Cell & Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States.
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ZHAO XIAOE, YANG ZHENSHAN, GAO ZHEN, GE JUNBANG, WEI QIANG, MA BAOHUA. 6-Bromoindirubin-3’-oxime promotes osteogenic differentiation of canine BMSCs through inhibition of GSK3β activity and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 91:e20180459. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201920180459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Zhao XE, Yang Z, Zhang H, Yao G, Liu J, Wei Q, Ma B. Resveratrol Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Canine Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through Wnt/Beta-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Cell Reprogram 2018; 20:371-381. [DOI: 10.1089/cell.2018.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-e Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhenshan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ge Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Baohua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Le Nail LR, Brennan M, Rosset P, Deschaseaux F, Piloquet P, Pichon O, Le Caignec C, Crenn V, Layrolle P, Hérault O, De Pinieux G, Trichet V. Comparison of Tumor- and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells from Patients with High-Grade Osteosarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E707. [PMID: 29494553 PMCID: PMC5877568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is suspected to originate from dysfunctional mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC). We sought to identify OS-derived cells (OSDC) with potential cancer stem cell (CSC) properties by comparing OSDC to MSC derived from bone marrow of patients. This study included in vitro characterization with sphere forming assays, differentiation assays, cytogenetic analysis, and in vivo investigations of their tumorigenicity and tumor supportive capacities. Primary cell lines were isolated from nine high-grade OS samples. All primary cell lines demonstrated stromal cell characteristics. Compared to MSC, OSDC presented a higher ability to form sphere clones, indicating a potential CSC phenotype, and were more efficient at differentiation towards osteoblasts. None of the OSDC displayed the complex chromosome rearrangements typical of high grade OS and none of them induced tumors in immunodeficient mice. However, two OSDC demonstrated focused genomic abnormalities. Three out of seven, and six out of seven OSDC showed a supportive role on local tumor development, and on metastatic progression to the lungs, respectively, when co-injected with OS cells in nude mice. The observation of OS-associated stromal cells with rare genetic abnormalities and with the capacity to sustain tumor progression may have implications for future tumor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Romée Le Nail
- Laboratoire d'étude des sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, INSERM UMR 1238, Université de Nantes, PhyOS, 44034 Nantes CEDEX 1, France.
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours, Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique 2, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, Université de Tours, 37044 CEDEX 9 Tours, France.
| | - Meadhbh Brennan
- Laboratoire d'étude des sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, INSERM UMR 1238, Université de Nantes, PhyOS, 44034 Nantes CEDEX 1, France.
- Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Philippe Rosset
- Laboratoire d'étude des sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, INSERM UMR 1238, Université de Nantes, PhyOS, 44034 Nantes CEDEX 1, France.
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours, Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique 2, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, Université de Tours, 37044 CEDEX 9 Tours, France.
| | - Frédéric Deschaseaux
- STROMA Lab, INSERM U1031, Etablissement Français du Sang Occitanie, Université de Toulouse, 31432 Toulouse, France.
| | - Philippe Piloquet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Faculté de Médecine de Nantes, 44034 CEDEX 1 Nantes, France.
| | - Olivier Pichon
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Faculté de Médecine de Nantes, 44034 CEDEX 1 Nantes, France.
| | - Cédric Le Caignec
- Laboratoire d'étude des sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, INSERM UMR 1238, Université de Nantes, PhyOS, 44034 Nantes CEDEX 1, France.
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Faculté de Médecine de Nantes, 44034 CEDEX 1 Nantes, France.
| | - Vincent Crenn
- Laboratoire d'étude des sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, INSERM UMR 1238, Université de Nantes, PhyOS, 44034 Nantes CEDEX 1, France.
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Faculté de Médecine de Nantes, Université de Nantes, 44034 CEDEX 1 Nantes, France.
| | - Pierre Layrolle
- Laboratoire d'étude des sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, INSERM UMR 1238, Université de Nantes, PhyOS, 44034 Nantes CEDEX 1, France.
| | - Olivier Hérault
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours, Service d'Hématologie Biologique, 37044 CEDEX 9 Tours, France.
- National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) GDR 3697, 75020 Paris, France.
- National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) ERL 7001 LNOx, 37032 CEDEX 1 Tours, Université de Tours, 37044 Tours, France.
| | - Gonzague De Pinieux
- Laboratoire d'étude des sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, INSERM UMR 1238, Université de Nantes, PhyOS, 44034 Nantes CEDEX 1, France.
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours, Hôpital Trousseau, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, Université de Tours, 37044 CEDEX 9 Tours, France.
| | - Valérie Trichet
- Laboratoire d'étude des sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, INSERM UMR 1238, Université de Nantes, PhyOS, 44034 Nantes CEDEX 1, France.
- National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) GDR 3697, 75020 Paris, France.
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14
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A Novel Secretome Biotherapeutic Influences Regeneration in Critical Size Bone Defects. J Craniofac Surg 2018; 29:116-123. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000004103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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15
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Three-dimensional map of nonhematopoietic bone and bone-marrow cells and molecules. Nat Biotechnol 2017; 35:1202-1210. [PMID: 29131149 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.4006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment contains many types of cells and molecules with roles in hematopoiesis, osteogenesis, angiogenesis and metabolism. The spatial distribution of the different bone and BM cell types remains elusive, owing to technical challenges associated with bone imaging. To map nonhematopoietic cells and structures in bone and BM, we performed multicolor 3D imaging of osteoblastic, vascular, perivascular, neuronal and marrow stromal cells, and extracellular-matrix proteins in whole mouse femurs. We analyzed potential interactions between cells and molecules on the basis of colocalization of markers. Our results shed light on the markers expressed by different osteolineage cell types; the heterogeneity of vascular and perivascular cells; the neural subtypes innervating marrow and bone; the diversity of stromal cells; and the distribution of extracellular-matrix components. Our complete imaging data set is available for download and can be used in research in bone biology, hematology, vascular biology, neuroscience and extracellular-matrix biology.
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16
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Chosa N, Ishisaki A. Two novel mechanisms for maintenance of stemness in mesenchymal stem cells: SCRG1/BST1 axis and cell-cell adhesion through N-cadherin. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2017; 54:37-44. [PMID: 29629000 PMCID: PMC5884250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) retain the ability to self-renew and differentiate into mesenchymal cells. Therefore, human MSCs are suitable candidates for use in regenerative medicine and cell therapies. Upon activation by tissue damage, MSCs contribute to tissue repair through a multitude of processes such as self-renewal, migration, and differentiation. However, loss of self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation potential occurs at a high rate during cell doubling. Effective MSC therapies require the establishment of new techniques that preserve MSC multipotency after lengthy cell expansions. Here, two novel mechanisms are described for maintenance of stemness in MSCs via scrapie responsive gene 1 (SCRG1)/bone marrow stromal cell antigen-1 (BST1) ligand–receptor combination and cell–cell adhesion through N-cadherin. These two mechanisms findings provide a valuable tool for regenerative medicine and cell therapeutic methods that require the ex vivo expansion of human MSCs while maintaining native stem cell potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Chosa
- Division of Cellular Biosignal Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Akira Ishisaki
- Division of Cellular Biosignal Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
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17
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Wang Y, Feng Q, Ji C, Liu X, Li L, Luo J. RUNX3 plays an important role in mediating the BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:1991-1999. [PMID: 29039519 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) is highly capable of promoting the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) both in vitro and in vivo, the molecular mechanisms involved remain to be fully elucidated. Runt-related transcription factor (RUNX)3 is an essential regulator of osteoblast/chondrocyte maturation. However, the exact role of RUNX3 in BMP9 osteoinductive activity is unknown. In this study, we sought to investigate the functional role of RUNX3 in the BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. We found that BMP9 upregulated the endogenous expression of RUNX3 in MSCs. The overexpression or/and knockdown of RUNX3 both increased the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) a marker of BMP9-induced early osteogenic differentiation. Nevertheless, matrix mineralization, a marker of BMP9-induced late osteogenic differentiation was enhanced by the overexpression of RUNX3, whereas it was inhibited by the knockdown of RUNX3. The BMP9-induced expression of osteogenic pivotal transcription factors [inhibitor of differentiation (Id)3, distal-less homeobox 5 (DLX5) and RUNX2)] was further increased by the overexpression of RUNX3; however, it was reduced by the knockdown of RUNX3. However, the expression levels of Id1 and Id2 were both enhanced by the overexpression or/and knockdown of RUNX3. The BMP9-induced phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8 was increased with the overexpression of RUNX3, and yet was decreased with the knockdown of RUNX3. Collectively, our findings suggest that RUNX3 is an essential modulator of the BMP9-induced osteoblast lineage differentiation of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by The Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoling Feng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by The Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Caixia Ji
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by The Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by The Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by The Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jinyong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by The Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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18
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Lough D, Swanson E, Sopko NA, Madsen C, Miller D, Wang H, Guo Q, Sursala SM, Kumar AR. Regeneration of Vascularized Corticocancellous Bone and Diploic Space Using Muscle-Derived Stem Cells. Plast Reconstr Surg 2017; 139:893-905. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000003209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Gehwolf R, Wagner A, Lehner C, Bradshaw AD, Scharler C, Niestrawska JA, Holzapfel GA, Bauer HC, Tempfer H, Traweger A. Pleiotropic roles of the matricellular protein Sparc in tendon maturation and ageing. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32635. [PMID: 27586416 PMCID: PMC5009305 DOI: 10.1038/srep32635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute and chronic tendinopathies remain clinically challenging and tendons are predisposed to degeneration or injury with age. Despite the high prevalence of tendon disease in the elderly, our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying the age-dependent deterioration of tendon function remains very limited. Here, we show that Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (Sparc) expression significantly decreases in healthy-aged mouse Achilles tendons. Loss of Sparc results in tendon collagen fibrillogenesis defects and Sparc−/− tendons are less able to withstand force in comparison with their respective wild type counterparts. On the cellular level, Sparc-null and healthy-aged tendon-derived cells exhibited a more contracted phenotype and an altered actin cytoskeleton. Additionally, an elevated expression of the adipogenic marker genes PPARγ and Cebpα with a concomitant increase in lipid deposits in aged and Sparc−/− tendons was observed. In summary, we propose that Sparc levels in tendons are critical for proper collagen fibril maturation and its age-related decrease, together with a change in ECM properties favors lipid accretion in tendons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Gehwolf
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University - Spinal Cord Injury &Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Wagner
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University - Spinal Cord Injury &Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Lehner
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University - Spinal Cord Injury &Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amy D Bradshaw
- Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
| | - Cornelia Scharler
- Experimental and Clinical Cell Therapy Institute, Paracelsus Medical University Spinal Cord Injury &Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Austria
| | | | | | - Hans-Christian Bauer
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University - Spinal Cord Injury &Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Herbert Tempfer
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University - Spinal Cord Injury &Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Traweger
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University - Spinal Cord Injury &Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
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20
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Xie Z, Li J, Wang P, Li Y, Wu X, Wang S, Su H, Deng W, Liu Z, Cen S, Ouyang Y, Wu Y, Shen H. Differential Expression Profiles of Long Noncoding RNA and mRNA of Osteogenically Differentiated Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Ankylosing Spondylitis. J Rheumatol 2016; 43:1523-31. [PMID: 27182066 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.151181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We previously demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS; ASMSC) have a greater osteogenic differentiation capacity than MSC from healthy donors (HDMSC) and that this difference underlies the pathogenesis of pathological osteogenesis in AS. Here we compared expression levels of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and mRNA between osteogenically differentiated ASMSC and HDMSC and explored the precise mechanism underlying abnormal osteogenic differentiation in ASMSC. METHODS HDMSC and ASMSC were induced with osteogenic differentiation medium for 10 days. Microarray analyses were then performed to identify lncRNA and mRNA differentially expressed between HDMSC and ASMSC, which were then subjected to bioinformatics analysis and confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assays. In addition, coding-non-coding gene co-expression (CNC) networks were constructed to examine the relationships between the lncRNA and mRNA expression patterns. RESULTS A total of 520 lncRNA and 665 mRNA were differentially expressed in osteogenically differentiated ASMSC compared with HDMSC. Bioinformatics analysis revealed 64 signaling pathways with significant differences, including transforming growth factor-β signaling. qRT-PCR assays confirmed the reliability of the microarray data. The CNC network indicated that 4 differentially expressed lncRNA, including lnc-ZNF354A-1, lnc-LIN54-1, lnc-FRG2C-3, and lnc-USP50-2 may be involved in the abnormal osteogenic differentiation of ASMSC. CONCLUSION Our study characterized the differential lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles of osteogenically differentiated ASMSC and identified 4 lncRNA that may participate in the abnormal osteogenic differentiation of ASMSC. These results provide insight into the pathogenesis of pathological osteogenesis in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Xie
- From the Department of Orthopedics, and the Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China.Z. Xie, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; J. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; P. Wang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; X. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Wang, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Su, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; W. Deng, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Z. Liu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Cen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Ouyang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Shen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Jinteng Li
- From the Department of Orthopedics, and the Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China.Z. Xie, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; J. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; P. Wang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; X. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Wang, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Su, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; W. Deng, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Z. Liu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Cen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Ouyang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Shen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Peng Wang
- From the Department of Orthopedics, and the Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China.Z. Xie, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; J. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; P. Wang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; X. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Wang, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Su, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; W. Deng, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Z. Liu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Cen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Ouyang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Shen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Yuxi Li
- From the Department of Orthopedics, and the Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China.Z. Xie, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; J. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; P. Wang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; X. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Wang, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Su, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; W. Deng, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Z. Liu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Cen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Ouyang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Shen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- From the Department of Orthopedics, and the Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China.Z. Xie, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; J. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; P. Wang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; X. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Wang, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Su, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; W. Deng, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Z. Liu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Cen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Ouyang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Shen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Shan Wang
- From the Department of Orthopedics, and the Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China.Z. Xie, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; J. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; P. Wang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; X. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Wang, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Su, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; W. Deng, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Z. Liu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Cen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Ouyang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Shen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Hongjun Su
- From the Department of Orthopedics, and the Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China.Z. Xie, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; J. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; P. Wang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; X. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Wang, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Su, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; W. Deng, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Z. Liu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Cen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Ouyang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Shen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Wen Deng
- From the Department of Orthopedics, and the Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China.Z. Xie, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; J. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; P. Wang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; X. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Wang, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Su, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; W. Deng, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Z. Liu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Cen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Ouyang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Shen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- From the Department of Orthopedics, and the Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China.Z. Xie, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; J. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; P. Wang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; X. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Wang, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Su, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; W. Deng, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Z. Liu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Cen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Ouyang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Shen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Shuizhong Cen
- From the Department of Orthopedics, and the Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China.Z. Xie, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; J. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; P. Wang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; X. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Wang, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Su, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; W. Deng, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Z. Liu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Cen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Ouyang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Shen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Yi Ouyang
- From the Department of Orthopedics, and the Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China.Z. Xie, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; J. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; P. Wang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; X. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Wang, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Su, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; W. Deng, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Z. Liu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Cen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Ouyang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Shen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Yanfeng Wu
- From the Department of Orthopedics, and the Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China.Z. Xie, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; J. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; P. Wang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; X. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Wang, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Su, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; W. Deng, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Z. Liu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Cen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Ouyang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Shen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Huiyong Shen
- From the Department of Orthopedics, and the Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China.Z. Xie, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; J. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; P. Wang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Li, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; X. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Wang, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Su, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; W. Deng, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Z. Liu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; S. Cen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Ouyang, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Y. Wu, MD, Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; H. Shen, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University.
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21
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Elangovan S, Khorsand B, Do AV, Hong L, Dewerth A, Kormann M, Ross RD, Sumner DR, Allamargot C, Salem AK. Chemically modified RNA activated matrices enhance bone regeneration. J Control Release 2015; 218:22-8. [PMID: 26415855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There exists a dire need for improved therapeutics to achieve predictable bone regeneration. Gene therapy using non-viral vectors that are safe and efficient at transfecting target cells is a promising approach to overcoming the drawbacks of protein delivery of growth factors. Here, we investigated the transfection efficiency, cytotoxicity, osteogenic potential and in vivo bone regenerative capacity of chemically modified ribonucleic acid (cmRNA) (encoding BMP-2) complexed with polyethylenimine (PEI) and made comparisons with PEI complexed with conventional plasmid DNA (encoding BMP-2). The polyplexes were fabricated at an amine (N) to phosphate (P) ratio of 10 and characterized for transfection efficiency using human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). The osteogenic potential of BMSCs treated with these polyplexes was validated by determining the expression of bone-specific genes, osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase as well as through the detection of bone matrix deposition. Using a calvarial bone defect model in rats, it was shown that PEI-cmRNA (encoding BMP-2)-activated matrices promoted significantly enhanced bone regeneration compared to PEI-plasmid DNA (BMP-2)-activated matrices. Our proof of concept study suggests that scaffolds loaded with non-viral vectors harboring cmRNA encoding osteogenic proteins may be a powerful tool for stimulating bone regeneration with significant potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satheesh Elangovan
- Department of Periodontics, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA, United States.
| | - Behnoush Khorsand
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Anh-Vu Do
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Liu Hong
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Alexander Dewerth
- Department of Pediatrics I-Pediatric Infectiology and Immunology, Translational Genomics and Gene Therapy, University of Tübingen, Wilhelstr. 56, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Kormann
- Department of Pediatrics I-Pediatric Infectiology and Immunology, Translational Genomics and Gene Therapy, University of Tübingen, Wilhelstr. 56, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ryan D Ross
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - D Rick Sumner
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Chantal Allamargot
- Central Microscopy Research Facility, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Department of Periodontics, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA, United States; Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA, United States.
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22
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Su X, Liao L, Shuai Y, Jing H, Liu S, Zhou H, Liu Y, Jin Y. MiR-26a functions oppositely in osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and ADSCs depending on distinct activation and roles of Wnt and BMP signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1851. [PMID: 26247736 PMCID: PMC4558512 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) emerge as important regulators of stem cell lineage commitment and bone development. MiRNA-26a (miR-26a) is one of the important miRNAs regulating osteogenic differentiation of both bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). However, miR-26a functions oppositely in osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and ADSCs, suggesting distinct post-transcriptional regulation of tissue-specific MSC differentiation. However, the molecular basis is largely unknown. Here, we report that the function of miR-26a is largely depended on the intrinsic signaling regulation network of MSCs. Using bioinformatics and functional assay, we confirmed that miR-26a potentially targeted on GSK3β and Smad1 to regulate Wnt and BMP signaling pathway. Overall comparative analysis revealed that Wnt signaling was enhanced more potently and played a more important role than BMP signaling in osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, whereas BMP pathway was more essential for promoting osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs. The distinct activation pattern and role of signaling pathways determined that miR-26a majorly targeted on GSK3β to activate Wnt signaling for promoting osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, whereas it inhibited Smad1 to suppress BMP signaling for interfering with the osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs. Taken together, our study demonstrated that BMSCs and ADSCs applied different signaling pathway to facilitate their osteogenic differentiation, which determined the inverse function of miR-26a. The distinct transcriptional regulation and post-transcriptional regulation network suggested the intrinsic molecular differences between tissue-specific MSCs and the complexity in MSC research and MSC-based cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Su
- 1] Department of Orthodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China [2] State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China [3] Institute of Neurobiology, Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - L Liao
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China [2] Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China [3] State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Histology and pathology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Y Shuai
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China [2] Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China [3] State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Histology and pathology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - H Jing
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China [2] Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China [3] State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Histology and pathology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - S Liu
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China [2] Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China [3] State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Histology and pathology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - H Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Y Liu
- Institute of Neurobiology, Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Y Jin
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China [2] Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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23
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Jo A, Denduluri S, Zhang B, Wang Z, Yin L, Yan Z, Kang R, Shi LL, Mok J, Lee MJ, Haydon RC. The versatile functions of Sox9 in development, stem cells, and human diseases. Genes Dis 2014; 1:149-161. [PMID: 25685828 PMCID: PMC4326072 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor Sox9 was first discovered in patients with campomelic dysplasia, a haploinsufficiency disorder with skeletal deformities caused by dysregulation of Sox9 expression during chondrogenesis. Since then, its role as a cell fate determiner during embryonic development has been well characterized; Sox9 expression differentiates cells derived from all three germ layers into a large variety of specialized tissues and organs. However, recent data has shown that ectoderm- and endoderm-derived tissues continue to express Sox9 in mature organs and stem cell pools, suggesting its role in cell maintenance and specification during adult life. The versatility of Sox9 may be explained by a combination of post-transcriptional modifications, binding partners, and the tissue type in which it is expressed. Considering its importance during both development and adult life, it follows that dysregulation of Sox9 has been implicated in various congenital and acquired diseases, including fibrosis and cancer. This review provides a summary of the various roles of Sox9 in cell fate specification, stem cell biology, and related human diseases. Ultimately, understanding the mechanisms that regulate Sox9 will be crucial for developing effective therapies to treat disease caused by stem cell dysregulation or even reverse organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Jo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sahitya Denduluri
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Bosi Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zhongliang Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400046, China
| | - Liangjun Yin
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400046, China
| | - Zhengjian Yan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA ; Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400046, China
| | - Richard Kang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lewis L Shi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - James Mok
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael J Lee
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rex C Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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24
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Crisan M, Corselli M, Chen WCW, Péault B. Perivascular cells for regenerative medicine. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 16:2851-60. [PMID: 22882758 PMCID: PMC4393715 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2012.01617.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are currently the best candidate therapeutic cells for regenerative medicine related to osteoarticular, muscular, vascular and inflammatory diseases, although these cells remain heterogeneous and necessitate a better biological characterization. We and others recently described that MSC originate from two types of perivascular cells, namely pericytes and adventitial cells and contain the in situ counterpart of MSC in developing and adult human organs, which can be prospectively purified using well defined cell surface markers. Pericytes encircle endothelial cells of capillaries and microvessels and express the adhesion molecule CD146 and the PDGFRβ, but lack endothelial and haematopoietic markers such as CD34, CD31, vWF (von Willebrand factor), the ligand for Ulex europaeus 1 (UEA1) and CD45 respectively. The proteoglycan NG2 is a pericyte marker exclusively associated with the arterial system. Besides its expression in smooth muscle cells, smooth muscle actin (αSMA) is also detected in subsets of pericytes. Adventitial cells surround the largest vessels and, opposite to pericytes, are not closely associated to endothelial cells. Adventitial cells express CD34 and lack αSMA and all endothelial and haematopoietic cell markers, as for pericytes. Altogether, pericytes and adventitial perivascular cells express in situ and in culture markers of MSC and display capacities to differentiate towards osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic cell lineages. Importantly, adventitial cells can differentiate into pericyte-like cells under inductive conditions in vitro. Altogether, using purified perivascular cells instead of MSC may bring higher benefits to regenerative medicine, including the possibility, for the first time, to use these cells uncultured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Crisan
- Erasmus MC Stem Cell Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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25
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Aomatsu E, Takahashi N, Sawada S, Okubo N, Hasegawa T, Taira M, Miura H, Ishisaki A, Chosa N. Novel SCRG1/BST1 axis regulates self-renewal, migration, and osteogenic differentiation potential in mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2014; 4:3652. [PMID: 24413464 PMCID: PMC3888969 DOI: 10.1038/srep03652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) remodel or regenerate various tissues through several mechanisms. Here, we identified the hMSC-secreted protein SCRG1 and its receptor BST1 as a positive regulator of self-renewal, migration, and osteogenic differentiation. SCRG1 and BST1 gene expression decreased during osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Intriguingly, SCRG1 maintained stem cell marker expression (Oct-4 and CD271/LNGFR) and the potentials of self-renewal, migration, and osteogenic differentiation, even at high passage numbers. Thus, the novel SCRG1/BST1 axis determines the fate of hMSCs by regulating their kinetic and differentiation potentials. Our findings provide a new perspective on methods for ex vivo expansion of hMSCs that maintain native stem cell potentials for bone-forming cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Aomatsu
- 1] Division of Cellular Biosignal Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan [2] Division of Orthodontics, Department of Developmental Oral Health Science, Iwate Medical University School of Dentistry, Morioka, Iwate 020-8505, Japan
| | - Noriko Takahashi
- Division of Cellular Biosignal Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sawada
- 1] Division of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Iwate Medical University School of Dentistry, Morioka, Iwate 020-8505, Japan [2] Clinical Research Laboratory, Iwate Medical University School of Dentistry, Morioka, Iwate 020-8505, Japan
| | - Naoto Okubo
- 1] Division of Cellular Biosignal Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan [2]
| | - Tomokazu Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Masayuki Taira
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miura
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Developmental Oral Health Science, Iwate Medical University School of Dentistry, Morioka, Iwate 020-8505, Japan
| | - Akira Ishisaki
- Division of Cellular Biosignal Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Chosa
- Division of Cellular Biosignal Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
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26
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Halcsik E, Forni MF, Fujita A, Verano-Braga T, Jensen ON, Sogayar MC. New insights in osteogenic differentiation revealed by mass spectrometric assessment of phosphorylated substrates in murine skin mesenchymal cells. BMC Cell Biol 2013; 14:47. [PMID: 24148232 PMCID: PMC3819743 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-14-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bone fractures and loss represent significant costs for the public health system and often affect the patients quality of life, therefore, understanding the molecular basis for bone regeneration is essential. Cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-10 and TNFα, secreted by inflammatory cells at the lesion site, at the very beginning of the repair process, act as chemotactic factors for mesenchymal stem cells, which proliferate and differentiate into osteoblasts through the autocrine and paracrine action of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), mainly BMP-2. Although it is known that BMP-2 binds to ActRI/BMPR and activates the SMAD 1/5/8 downstream effectors, little is known about the intracellular mechanisms participating in osteoblastic differentiation. We assessed differences in the phosphorylation status of different cellular proteins upon BMP-2 osteogenic induction of isolated murine skin mesenchymal stem cells using Triplex Stable Isotope Dimethyl Labeling coupled with LC/MS. Results From 150 μg of starting material, 2,264 proteins were identified and quantified at five different time points, 235 of which are differentially phosphorylated. Kinase motif analysis showed that several substrates display phosphorylation sites for Casein Kinase, p38, CDK and JNK. Gene ontology analysis showed an increase in biological processes related with signaling and differentiation at early time points after BMP2 induction. Moreover, proteins involved in cytoskeleton rearrangement, Wnt and Ras pathways were found to be differentially phosphorylated during all timepoints studied. Conclusions Taken together, these data, allow new insights on the intracellular substrates which are phosphorylated early on during differentiation to BMP2-driven osteoblastic differentiation of skin-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mari Cleide Sogayar
- Chemistry Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Therapy Center (NUCEL/NETCEM), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil.
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Zigdon-Giladi H, Bick T, Morgan EF, Lewinson D, Machtei EE. Peripheral Blood-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells Enhance Vertical Bone Formation. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2013; 17:83-92. [DOI: 10.1111/cid.12078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Zigdon-Giladi
- Department of Periodontology; School of Graduate Dentistry; Rambam Health Care Campus; Haifa Israel
- Research Institute for Bone Repair; Rambam Health Care Campus; Haifa Israel
- The Rappaport Family Faculty of Medicine; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa Israel
| | - Tova Bick
- Research Institute for Bone Repair; Rambam Health Care Campus; Haifa Israel
| | - Elise F. Morgan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Boston University; Boston MA USA
| | - Dina Lewinson
- Research Institute for Bone Repair; Rambam Health Care Campus; Haifa Israel
| | - Eli E. Machtei
- Department of Periodontology; School of Graduate Dentistry; Rambam Health Care Campus; Haifa Israel
- The Rappaport Family Faculty of Medicine; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa Israel
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Inhibition of ERK1/2 Kinase Enhances BMP9-induced Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells*. PROG BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2013. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1206.2012.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Turan RG, Bozdag-T I, Turan CH, Ortak J, Akin I, Kische S, Schneider H, Rauchhaus M, Rehders TC, Kleinfeldt T, Belu C, Amen S, Hermann T, Yokus S, Brehm M, Steiner S, Chatterjee T, Sahin K, Nienaber CA, Ince H. Enhanced mobilization of the bone marrow-derived circulating progenitor cells by intracoronary freshly isolated bone marrow cells transplantation in patients with acute myocardial infarction. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 16:852-64. [PMID: 21707914 PMCID: PMC3822854 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01358.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous bone marrow cell transplantation (BMCs-Tx) is a promising novel option for treatment of cardiovascular disease. We analysed in a randomized controlled study the influence of the intracoronary autologous freshly isolated BMCs-Tx on the mobilization of bone marrow–derived circulating progenitor cells (BM-CPCs) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Sixty-two patients with AMI were randomized to either freshly isolated BMCs-Tx or to a control group without cell therapy. Peripheral blood (PB) concentrations of CD34/45+- and CD133/45+-circulating progenitor cells were measured by flow cytometry in 42 AMI patients with cell therapy as well as in 20 AMI patients without cell therapy as a control group on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 8 and 3, 6 as well as 12 months after AMI. Global ejection fraction (EF) and the size of infarct area were determined by left ventriculography. We observed in patients with freshly isolated BMCs-Tx at 3 and 12 months follow up a significant reduction of infarct size and increase of global EF as well as infarct wall movement velocity. The mobilization of CD34/45+ and CD133/45+ BM-CPCs significantly increased with a peak on day 7 as compared to baseline after AMI in both groups (CD34/45+: P < 0.001, CD133/45+: P < 0.001). Moreover, this significant mobilization of BM-CPCs existed 3, 6 and 12 months after cell therapy compared to day 1 after AMI. In control group, there were no significant differences of CD34/45+ and CD133/45+ BM-CPCs mobilization between day 1 and 3, 6 and 12 months after AMI. Intracoronary transplantation of autologous freshly isolated BMCs by use of point of care system in patients with AMI may enhance and prolong the mobilization of CD34/45+ and CD133/45+ BM-CPCs in PB and this might increase the regenerative potency after AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Turan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
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Churchman SM, Ponchel F, Boxall SA, Cuthbert R, Kouroupis D, Roshdy T, Giannoudis PV, Emery P, McGonagle D, Jones EA. Transcriptional profile of native CD271+ multipotential stromal cells: evidence for multiple fates, with prominent osteogenic and Wnt pathway signaling activity. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 2012; 64:2632-43. [PMID: 22378497 DOI: 10.1002/art.34434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Controversy surrounds the identity and functionality of rare bone marrow-derived multipotential stromal cells (BM-MSCs), including their differentiation capabilities, their relationship to pericytes and hematopoiesis-supporting stromal cells, and the relevance of their culture-expanded progeny in studies of skeletal biology and development of cell-based therapies. The aim of this study was to clarify the nature of candidate BM-MSCs by profiling transcripts that reflect different aspects of their putative functions in vivo. METHODS Rare, sorted BM-derived CD45(-/low) CD271(bright) (CD271) cells were analyzed using 96-gene expression arrays focused on transcripts relevant to mesenchymal-lineage differentiation (toward bone, cartilage, fat, or muscle), hematopoietic and stromal support, and molecules critical to skeletal homeostasis. These cells were compared to matched CD45+ CD271- hematopoietic-lineage cells, culture-expanded MSCs, and skin fibroblasts. When feasible, transcription was validated using flow cytometry. RESULTS CD271 cells had a transcriptional profile consistent with the multiple fates of in vivo MSCs, evident from the observed simultaneous expression of osteogenic, adipogenic, pericytic, and hematopoiesis-supporting genes (e.g., SP7 [osterix], FABP4 [fatty acid binding protein 4], ANGPT1 [angiopoietin 1], and CXCL12 [stromal cell-derived factor 1], respectively). Compared to culture-expanded MSCs and fibroblasts, CD271 cells exhibited greater transcriptional activity, particularly with respect to Wnt-related genes (>1,000-fold increased expression of FRZB [secreted frizzled-related protein 3] and WIF1 [Wnt inhibitory factor 1]). A number of transcripts were identified as novel markers of MSCs. CONCLUSION The native, BM-derived in vivo MSC population is endowed with a gene signature that is compatible with multiple functions, reflecting the topographic bone niche of these cells, and their signature is significantly different from that of culture-expanded MSCs. This indicates that studies of the biologic functions of MSCs in musculoskeletal diseases, including osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, should focus on in vivo MSCs, rather than their culture-adapted progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Churchman
- NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit and University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Bozdag-Turan I, Turan RG, Paranskaya L, Arsoy NS, Turan CH, Akin I, Kische S, Ortak J, Schneider H, Ludovicy S, Hermann T, D'Ancona G, Durdu S, Akar AR, Ince H, Nienaber CA. Correlation between the functional impairment of bone marrow-derived circulating progenitor cells and the extend of coronary artery disease. J Transl Med 2012; 10:143. [PMID: 22776510 PMCID: PMC3433309 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow-derived circulating progenitor cells (BM-CPCs) in patients with coronary heart disease are impaired with respect to number and functional activity. However, the relation between the functional activity of BM-CPCs and the number of diseased coronary arteries is yet not known. We analyzed the influence of the number of diseased coronary arteries on the functional activity of BM-CPCs in peripheral blood (PB) in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Methods The functional activity of BM-CPCs was measured by migration assay and colony forming unit in 120 patients with coronary 1 vessel (IHD1, n = 40), coronary 2 vessel (IHD2, n = 40), coronary 3 vessel disease (IHD3, n = 40) and in a control group of healthy subjects (n = 40). There was no significant difference of the total number of cardiovascular risk factors between IHD groups, beside diabetes mellitus (DM), which was significantly higher in IHD3 group compared to IHD2 and IHD1. Results The colony-forming capacity (CFU-E: p < 0.001, CFU-GM: p < 0.001) and migratory response to stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1: p < 0.001) as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF: p < 0001) of BM-CPCs were reduced in the group of patients with IHD compared to control group. The functional activity of BM-CPCs was significantly impaired in patients with IHD3 as compared to IHD1 (VEGF: p < 0.01, SDF-1: p < 0.001; CFU-E: p < 0.001, CFU-GM: p < 0.001) and to IHD2 (VEGF: p = 0.003, SDF-1: p = 0.003; CFU-E: p = 0.001, CFU-GM: p = 0.001). No significant differences were observed in functional activity of BM-CPCs between patients with IHD2 and IHD1 (VEGF: p = 0.8, SDF-1: p = 0.9; CFU-E: p = 0.1, CFU-GM: p = 0.1). Interestingly, the levels of haemoglobin AIc (HbAIc) correlated inversely with the functional activity of BM-CPCs (VEGF: p < 0.001, r = −0.8 SDF-1: p < 0.001, r = −0.8; CFU-E: p = 0.001, r = −0.7, CFU-GM: p = 0.001, r = −0.6) in IHD patients with DM. Conclusions The functional activity of BM-CPCs in PB is impaired in patients with IHD. This impairment increases with the number of diseased coronary arteries. Moreover, the regenerative capacity of BM-CPCs in ischemic tissue further declines in IHD patients with DM. Furthermore, monitoring the level of BM-CPCs in PB may provide new insights in patients with IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkay Bozdag-Turan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University hospital Rostock, Ernst Heydemann Str 6, Rostock, 18055, Germany.
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Chen HT, Lee MJ, Chen CH, Chuang SC, Chang LF, Ho ML, Hung SH, Fu YC, Wang YH, Wang HI, Wang GJ, Kang L, Chang JK. Proliferation and differentiation potential of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells isolated from elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 16:582-93. [PMID: 21545685 PMCID: PMC3822933 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01335.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging has less effect on adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) than on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), but whether the fact holds true in stem cells from elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures is unknown. In this study, ADSCs and BMSCs of the same donor were harvested and divided into two age groups. Group A consisted of 14 young patients (36.4 ± 11.8 years old), and group B consisted of eight elderly patients (71.4 ± 3.6 years old) with osteoporotic fractures. We found that the doubling time of ADSCs from both age groups was maintained below 70 hrs, while that of BMSCs increased significantly with the number of passage. When ADSCs and BMSCs from the same patient were compared, there was a significant increase in the doubling time of BMSCs in each individual from passages 3 to 6. On osteogenic induction, the level of matrix mineralization of ADSCs from group B was comparable to that of ADSCs from group A, whereas BMSCs from group B produced least amount of mineral deposits and had a lower expression level of osteogenic genes. The p21 gene expression and senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity were lower in ADSCs compared to BMSCs, which may be partly responsible for the greater proliferation and differentiation potential of ADSCs. It is concluded that the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs were less affected by age and multiple passage than BMSCs, suggesting that ADSCs may become a potentially effective therapeutic option for cell-based therapy, especially in elderly patients with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ting Chen
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Boos AM, Loew JS, Weigand A, Deschler G, Klumpp D, Arkudas A, Bleiziffer O, Gulle H, Kneser U, Horch RE, Beier JP. Engineering axially vascularized bone in the sheep arteriovenous-loop model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012; 7:654-64. [PMID: 22438065 DOI: 10.1002/term.1457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Revised: 10/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of complex bone defects in which vascular supply is insufficient is still a challenge. To overcome the limitations from autologous grafts, a sheep model has been established recently, which is characterized by the development of an independent axial vascularization of a bioartificial construct, permitting microsurgical transplantation. To engineer independently axially vascularized bone tissue in the sheep arteriovenous (AV)-loop model, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), without and in combination with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2), were harvested and directly autotransplanted in combination with β-tricalcium phosphate-hydroxyapatite (β-TCP-HA) granules into sheep in this study. After explantation after 12 weeks, histological and immunohistochemical evaluation revealed newly formed bone in both groups. An increased amount of bone area was obtained using directly autotransplanted MSCs with rhBMP-2 stimulation. Osteoblastic and osteoclastic cells were detected adjacent to the newly formed bone, revealing an active bone remodelling process. Directly autotransplanted MSCs can be found close to the β-TCP-HA granules and are contributing to bone formation. Over time, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and micro-computed tomography (μCT) imaging confirmed the dense vascularization arising from the AV-loop. This study shows de novo engineering of independently axially vascularized transplantable bone tissue in clinically significant amounts, using directly autotransplanted MSCs and rhBMP-2 stimulation in about 12 weeks in the sheep AV-loop model. This strategy of engineering vascularized transplantable bone tissue could be possibly transferred to the clinic in the future in order to augment current reconstructive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja M Boos
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
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ZHAO D, WANG J, LUO JY, LIU YL, WANG H, ZENG ZF, YUAN J. Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 Regulate Osteogenic Differentiation of C3H10T1/2 Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through p38 Kinase Pathway*. PROG BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2011. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1206.2011.00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pontikoglou C, Deschaseaux F, Sensebé L, Papadaki HA. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: biological properties and their role in hematopoiesis and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2011; 7:569-89. [PMID: 21249477 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-011-9228-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult stem cells that are present in practically all tissues as a specialized population of mural cells/pericytes that lie on the abluminal side of blood vessels. Originally identified within the bone marrow (BM) stroma, not only do they provide microenvironmental support for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), but can also differentiate into various mesodermal lineages. MSCs can easily be isolated from the BM and subsequently expand in vitro and in addition they exhibit intriguing immunomodulatory properties, thereby emerging as attractive candidates for various therapeutic applications. This review addresses the concept of BM MSCs via a hematologist's point of view. In this context it discusses the stem cell properties that have been attributed to BM MSCs, as compared to those of the prototypic hematopoietic stem cell model and then gives a brief overview of the in vitro and vivo features of the former, emphasizing on their immunoregulatory properties and their hematopoiesis-supporting role. In addition, the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of BM MSCs within the context of a defective microenvironment, such as the one characterizing Myelodysplastic Syndromes are described and the potential involvement of these cells in the pathophysiology of the disease is discussed. Finally, emerging clinical applications of BM MSCs in the field of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are reviewed and potential hazards from MSC use are outlined.
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Bustos-Valenzuela JC, Fujita A, Halcsik E, Granjeiro JM, Sogayar MC. Unveiling novel genes upregulated by both rhBMP2 and rhBMP7 during early osteoblastic transdifferentiation of C2C12 cells. BMC Res Notes 2011; 4:370. [PMID: 21943021 PMCID: PMC3196718 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-4-370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
FINDINGS We set out to analyse the gene expression profile of pre-osteoblastic C2C12 cells during osteodifferentiation induced by both rhBMP2 and rhBMP7 using DNA microarrays. Induced and repressed genes were intercepted, resulting in 1,318 induced genes and 704 repressed genes by both rhBMP2 and rhBMP7. We selected and validated, by RT-qPCR, 24 genes which were upregulated by rhBMP2 and rhBMP7; of these, 13 are related to transcription (Runx2, Dlx1, Dlx2, Dlx5, Id1, Id2, Id3, Fkhr1, Osx, Hoxc8, Glis1, Glis3 and Cfdp1), four are associated with cell signalling pathways (Lrp6, Dvl1, Ecsit and PKCδ) and seven are associated with the extracellular matrix (Ltbp2, Grn, Postn, Plod1, BMP1, Htra1 and IGFBP-rP10). The novel identified genes include: Hoxc8, Glis1, Glis3, Ecsit, PKCδ, LrP6, Dvl1, Grn, BMP1, Ltbp2, Plod1, Htra1 and IGFBP-rP10. BACKGROUND BMPs (bone morphogenetic proteins) are members of the TGFβ (transforming growth factor-β) super-family of proteins, which regulate growth and differentiation of different cell types in various tissues, and play a critical role in the differentiation of mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts. In particular, rhBMP2 and rhBMP7 promote osteoinduction in vitro and in vivo, and both proteins are therapeutically applied in orthopaedics and dentistry. CONCLUSION Using DNA microarrays and RT-qPCR, we identified both previously known and novel genes which are upregulated by rhBMP2 and rhBMP7 during the onset of osteoblastic transdifferentiation of pre-myoblastic C2C12 cells. Subsequent studies of these genes in C2C12 and mesenchymal or pre-osteoblastic cells should reveal more details about their role during this type of cellular differentiation induced by BMP2 or BMP7. These studies are relevant to better understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying osteoblastic differentiation and bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Bustos-Valenzuela
- Chemistry Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Therapy Centre (NUCEL), University of São Paulo, Avenida Prof, Lineu Prestes, 748 Bloco 9S, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
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Jones E, Yang X. Mesenchymal stem cells and bone regeneration: current status. Injury 2011; 42:562-8. [PMID: 21489533 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2011.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The enhancement of bone regeneration with biological agents including osteogenic growth factors and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is becoming a clinical reality. Many exciting findings have been obtained following MSC implantation in animal models, and the data demonstrating their clinical efficacy in humans are promising. The overwhelming majority of experimental work has been performed with MSCs "amplified"in vitro. The nature of native MSCs in skeletal tissues however, remains poorly understood. This review summarizes recent findings pertaining to the definition and characterisation of MSCs in skeletal tissues and discusses the mechanisms of their actions in regenerating of bone in vivo. In respect to traditional tissue engineering paradigm, we bring together literature showing that the ways MSCs are extracted, expanded and implanted can considerably affect bone formation outcomes. Additionally, we discuss current animal models used in MSC research and highlight recent experiments showing important contribution of the host, and not only donor MSCs, in bone tissue formation. This knowledge provides a platform for novel therapy development for bone regeneration based on pharmacologically manipulated endogenous MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Jones
- Rheumatology, Mesenchymal Stem Cell Biology Group, Academic Unit of Musculoskeletal Disease, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom.
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Deschaseaux F. Cellules souches mésenchymateuses et régénération du tissu osseux. Med Sci (Paris) 2011. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2011273278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Prockop DJ, Kota DJ, Bazhanov N, Reger RL. Evolving paradigms for repair of tissues by adult stem/progenitor cells (MSCs). J Cell Mol Med 2011; 14:2190-9. [PMID: 20716123 PMCID: PMC3489272 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01151.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we focus on the adult stem/progenitor cells that were initially isolated from bone marrow and first referred to as colony forming units-fibroblastic, then as marrow stromal cells and subsequently as either mesenchymal stem cells or multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). The current interest in MSCs and similar cells from other tissues is reflected in over 10,000 citations in PubMed at the time of this writing with 5 to 10 new publications per day. It is also reflected in over 100 registered clinical trials with MSCs or related cells (http//www.clinicaltrials.gov). As a guide to the vast literature, this review will attempt to summarize many of the publications in terms of three paradigms that have directed much of the work: an initial paradigm that the primary role of the cells was to form niches for haematopoietic stem cells (paradigm I); a second paradigm that the cells repaired tissues by engraftment and differentiation to replace injured cells (paradigm II); and the more recent paradigm that MSCs engage in cross-talk with injured tissues and thereby generate microenvironments or ‘quasi-niches’ that enhance the repair tissues (paradigm III).
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Affiliation(s)
- Darwin J Prockop
- Texas A & M Health Science Center College of Medicine Institute for Regenerative Medicine at Scott & White, Temple, TX 76502, USA.
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Prockop DJ, Kota DJ, Bazhanov N, Reger RL. Evolving paradigms for repair of tissues by adult stem/progenitor cells (MSCs). J Cell Mol Med 2011. [PMID: 20716123 DOI: 10.1111/j.15824934.2010.01151.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we focus on the adult stem/progenitor cells that were initially isolated from bone marrow and first referred to as colony forming units-fibroblastic, then as marrow stromal cells and subsequently as either mesenchymal stem cells or multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). The current interest in MSCs and similar cells from other tissues is reflected in over 10,000 citations in PubMed at the time of this writing with 5 to 10 new publications per day. It is also reflected in over 100 registered clinical trials with MSCs or related cells (http//www.clinicaltrials.gov). As a guide to the vast literature, this review will attempt to summarize many of the publications in terms of three paradigms that have directed much of the work: an initial paradigm that the primary role of the cells was to form niches for haematopoietic stem cells (paradigm I); a second paradigm that the cells repaired tissues by engraftment and differentiation to replace injured cells (paradigm II); and the more recent paradigm that MSCs engage in cross-talk with injured tissues and thereby generate microenvironments or 'quasi-niches' that enhance the repair tissues (paradigm III).
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Affiliation(s)
- Darwin J Prockop
- Texas A & M Health Science Center College of Medicine Institute for Regenerative Medicine at Scott & White, Temple, TX 76502, USA.
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Deschaseaux F, Delgado D, Pistoia V, Giuliani M, Morandi F, Durrbach A. HLA-G in organ transplantation: towards clinical applications. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:397-404. [PMID: 21103908 PMCID: PMC11114658 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0581-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
HLA-G plays a particular role during pregnancy in which its expression at the feto-maternal barrier participates into the tolerance of the allogenic foetus. HLA-G has also been demonstrated to be expressed in some transplanted patients, suggesting that it regulates the allogenic response. In vitro data indicate that HLA-G modulates NK cells, T cells, and DC maturation through its interactions with various inhibitory receptors. In this paper, we will review the data reporting the HLA-G involvement of HLA-G in human organ transplantation, then factors that can modulate HLA-G, and finally the use of HLA-G as a therapeutic tool in organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diego Delgado
- Heart Transplant Program, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Vito Pistoia
- Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology and Genetics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Massimo Giuliani
- INSERM U1014, Département de Néphrologie, Hôpital du Kremlin-Bicêtre, IFRNT, Université Paris XI, 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Fabio Morandi
- Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology and Genetics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antoine Durrbach
- INSERM U1014, Département de Néphrologie, Hôpital du Kremlin-Bicêtre, IFRNT, Université Paris XI, 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Biomolecular strategies of bone augmentation in spinal surgery. Trends Mol Med 2010; 17:215-22. [PMID: 21195666 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2010.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2010] [Revised: 11/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Autologous bone grafts and allografts are the most accepted procedures for achieving spinal fusion. Recently, breakthroughs in understanding bone biology have led to the development of novel approaches to address the clinical problem of bone regeneration in an unfavorable environment, while bypassing the drawbacks of traditional treatments, including limited availability, donor site morbidity, risk of disease transmission and reduced osteogenicity. These approaches have also been studied for their effectiveness in reaching successful spinal fusion. This review focuses on the cellular and molecular mechanisms explaining the rationale behind these methods, including bone marrow aspirate and mesenchymal stem cells, platelet-rich plasma, bone morphogenetic proteins and gene therapy, which have opened a promising perspective in the field of bone formation in spinal surgery.
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Cordonnier T, Langonné A, Sohier J, Layrolle P, Rosset P, Sensébé L, Deschaseaux F. Consistent osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells with bone morphogenetic protein 4 and low serum. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2010; 17:249-59. [PMID: 20822481 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2010.0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Providing fully mature and functional osteoblasts is challenging for bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Such cells could be obtained from multipotent bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) after induction by different osteogenic factors. However, there are some discrepancies in results, notably due to the use of sera and to the type of osteogenic factor. In this study, we compared the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow MSCs induced by dexamethasone (Dex) or bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) by assessing phenotypes in vitro and functional osteoblasts in vivo. Reducing the content of fetal calf serum from 10% to 2% significantly increased the mineral deposition and expression of osteoblastic markers during osteogenesis. In comparison to Dex condition, the addition of BMP4 greatly improved the differentiation of MSCs into fully mature osteoblasts as seen by high expression of Osterix. These results were confirmed in different supportive matrixes, plastic flasks, or biphasic calcium phosphate biomaterials. In contrast to Dex-derived osteoblasts, BMP4-derived osteoblasts from MSCs were significantly able to produce new bone in subcutis of nude mice in accordance with in vitro results. In conclusion, we describe a convenient ex vivo method to produce consistently mature functional osteoblasts from human MSCs with use of BMP4 and low serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Cordonnier
- Laboratory for Bone Resorption Physiopathology and Primary Bone Tumors Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, INSERM U957, Nantes, France
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Boos AM, Loew JS, Deschler G, Arkudas A, Bleiziffer O, Gulle H, Dragu A, Kneser U, Horch RE, Beier JP. Directly auto-transplanted mesenchymal stem cells induce bone formation in a ceramic bone substitute in an ectopic sheep model. J Cell Mol Med 2010; 15:1364-78. [PMID: 20636333 PMCID: PMC4373324 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01131.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering approaches increasingly focus on the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). In most animal transplantation models MSC are isolated and expanded before auto cell transplantation which might be critical for clinical application in the future. Hence this study compares the potential of directly auto-transplanted versus in vitro expanded MSC with or without bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to induce bone formation in a large volume ceramic bone substitute in the sheep model. MSC were isolated from bone marrow aspirates and directly auto-transplanted or expanded in vitro and characterized using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and RT-PCR analysis before subcutaneous implantation in combination with BMP-2 and β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite (β-TCP/HA) granules. Constructs were explanted after 1 to 12 weeks followed by histological and RT-PCR evaluation. Sheep MSC were CD29(+), CD44(+) and CD166(+) after selection by Ficoll gradient centrifugation, while directly auto-transplanted MSC-populations expressed CD29 and CD166 at lower levels. Both, directly auto-transplanted and expanded MSC, were constantly proliferating and had a decreasing apoptosis over time in vivo. Directly auto-transplanted MSC led to de novo bone formation in a heterotopic sheep model using a β-TCP/HA matrix comparable to the application of 60 μg/ml BMP-2 only or implantation of expanded MSC. Bone matrix proteins were up-regulated in constructs following direct auto-transplantation and in expanded MSC as well as in BMP-2 constructs. Up-regulation was detected using immunohistology methods and RT-PCR. Dense vascularization was demonstrated by CD31 immunohistology staining in all three groups. Ectopic bone could be generated using directly auto-transplanted or expanded MSC with β-TCP/HA granules alone. Hence BMP-2 stimulation might become dispensable in the future, thus providing an attractive, clinically feasible approach to bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja M Boos
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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