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Satapathy T, Kishore Y, Pandey RK, Shukla SS, Bhardwaj SK, Gidwani B. Recent Advancement in Novel Wound Healing Therapies by Using Antimicrobial Peptides Derived from Humans and Amphibians. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2024; 25:587-603. [PMID: 39188211 DOI: 10.2174/0113892037288051240319052435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
The skin is the biggest organ in the human body. It is the first line of protection against invading pathogens and the starting point for the immune system. The focus of this review is on the use of amphibian-derived peptides and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the treatment of wound healing. When skin is injured, a chain reaction begins that includes inflammation, the formation of new tissue, and remodelling of existing tissue to aid in the healing process. Collaborating with non-immune cells, resident and recruited immune cells in the skin remove foreign invaders and debris, then direct the repair and regeneration of injured host tissues. Restoration of normal structure and function requires the healing of damaged tissues. However, a major issue that slows wound healing is infection. AMPs are just one type of host-defense chemicals that have developed in multicellular animals to regulate the immune response and limit microbial proliferation in response to various types of biological or physical stress. Therefore, peptides isolated from amphibians represent novel therapeutic tools and approaches for regenerating damaged skin. Peptides that speed up the healing process could be used as therapeutic lead molecules in future research into novel drugs. AMPs and amphibian-derived peptides may be endogenous mediators of wound healing and treat non-life-threatening skin and epithelial lesions. Thus, the present article was drafted with to incorporate different peptides used in wound healing, their method of preparation and routes of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trilochan Satapathy
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 493111, India
| | - Yugal Kishore
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 493111, India
| | - Ravindra Kumar Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 493111, India
| | - Shiv Shankar Shukla
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 493111, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 493111, India
| | - Beena Gidwani
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 493111, India
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2
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Raileanu M, Borlan R, Campu A, Janosi L, Turcu I, Focsan M, Bacalum M. No country for old antibiotics! Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as next-generation treatment for skin and soft tissue infection. Int J Pharm 2023:123169. [PMID: 37356506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the unprecedented rise of bacterial antibiotic resistance together with the lack of adequate therapies have made the treatment of skin infections and chronic wounds challenging, urging the scientific community to focus on the development of new and more efficient treatment strategies. In this context, there is a growing interest in the use of natural molecules with antimicrobial features, capable of supporting wound healing i.e., antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections. In this review, we give a short overview of the bacterial skin infections as well as some of the classic treatments used for topical application. We then summarize the AMPs classes, stressing the importance of the appropriate selection of the peptides based on their characteristics and physicochemical properties in order to maximize the antibacterial efficacy of the therapeutic systems against multi-drug resistant pathogens. Additionally, the present paper provides a comprehensive and rigorous assessment of the latest clinical trials investigating the efficacy of AMPs in the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections, highlighting the relevant outcomes. Seeking to obtain novel and improved compounds with synergistic activity, while also decreasing some of the known side effects of AMPs, we present two employed strategies using AMPs: (i) AMPs-conjugated nanosystems for systemic and topical drug delivery systems and (ii) antibiotics-peptide conjugates as a strategy to overcome antibiotics resistance. Finally, an important property of some of the AMPs used in wound treatment is highlighted: their ability to help in wound healing by generally promoting cell proliferation and migration, and in some cases re-epithelialization and angiogenesis among others. Thus, as the pursuit of improvement is an ongoing effort, this work presents the advances made in the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections along with their advantages and limitations, while the still remaining challenges are addressed by providing future prospects and strategies to overcome them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Raileanu
- Department of Life and Environmental Physics, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Reactorului 30, Măgurele 077125, Romania
| | - Raluca Borlan
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, Treboniu Laurian No. 42, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Campu
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, Treboniu Laurian No. 42, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lorant Janosi
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 65-103 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioan Turcu
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 65-103 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Monica Focsan
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, Treboniu Laurian No. 42, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Mihaela Bacalum
- Department of Life and Environmental Physics, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Reactorului 30, Măgurele 077125, Romania.
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Gopal D, Nagarajan H, Muthuvel B, Vetrivel U, George R, Janakiraman N. Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Peptide Targeting Human Tenon Fibroblast Cells To Modulate Fibrosis: An Integrated Empirical Approach. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2022; 5:1254-1266. [PMID: 36524010 PMCID: PMC9745891 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is the primary factor influencing the prognosis of glaucoma post-trabeculectomy surgery, an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure (IOP). Despite advancements in surgical procedures and aftercare, it continues to be a serious impediment. During the clinical intervention of scarring, fibrosis is managed by using topical application of combined antifibrotic drugs (mitomycin C). But still, scarring remains a key problem due to minimal drug penetration and nonbioavailability. In this study, we synthesized a cell-specific peptide for modulating scarring in human tenon fibroblasts undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The peptide was also conjugated with mitomycin C in order to investigate the effect of the drug conjugation on human tenon fibroblasts from the nanofiber composite system and to evaluate the fibrosis process. Peptide VRF2019 was identified using a subtractive proteomics approach, including solubility, cell penetration, and amphipathic properties. The peptide structure was determined using circular dichroism spectroscopy. The peptide and drug was conjugated using N-ethyl-N'-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC-NHS) chemistry, and the conjugation efficiency was evaluated using high-pressure liquid chromatography. The conjugated product and polycaprolactone (PCL) were electrospun to form a composite nanofiber, which was tested for cytotoxicity and drug release on human tenon fibroblast cells. The modeled VRF2019 peptide structure formed an α-helical structure with all residues spanning the allowed regions of the Ramachandran plot. Subsequent molecular dynamics simulations also demonstrated its membrane penetration potential. The peptide uptake was also studied in human tenon fibroblast cells. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry measurements confirmed peptide-drug conjugation and stability. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigation revealed the structure and size of the PCL composite nanofiber. We infer from early research that the PCL composite nanofiber matrix can greatly increase drug delivery and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Gopal
- Department
of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, No. 18/41, College Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hemavathy Nagarajan
- Centre
for Bioinformatics, Vision Research Foundation, No. 18/41, College Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bharathselvi Muthuvel
- R.S.
Mehta Jain Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vision Research Foundation, No. 18/41, College Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Umashankar Vetrivel
- ICMR−National
Institute of Traditional Medicine, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Ronnie George
- Department
of Glaucoma, Medical Research Foundation, No. 18/41, College Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Narayanan Janakiraman
- Department
of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, No. 18/41, College Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
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MAS-related G protein-coupled receptors X (MRGPRX): Orphan GPCRs with potential as targets for future drugs. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 238:108259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Rai A, Ferrão R, Palma P, Patricio T, Parreira P, Anes E, Tonda-Turo C, Martins C, Alves N, Ferreira L. Antimicrobial peptide-based materials: opportunities and challenges. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2384-2429. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02617h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The multifunctional properties of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) make them attractive candidates for the treatment of various diseases. AMPs are considered alternatives to antibiotics due to the rising number of multidrug-resistant...
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Ligands and Signaling of Mas-Related G Protein-Coupled Receptor-X2 in Mast Cell Activation. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 179:139-188. [PMID: 33479839 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor-X2 (MRGPRX2) is known as a novel receptor to activate mast cells (MCs). MRGPRX2 plays a dual role in promoting MC-dependent host defense and immunomodulation and contributing to the pathogenesis of pseudo-allergic drug reactions, pain, itching, and inflammatory diseases. In this article, we discuss the possible signaling pathways of MCs activation mediated by MRGPRX2 and summarize and classify agonists and inhibitors of MRGPRX2 in MCs activation. MRGPRX2 is a low-affinity and low-selectivity receptor, which allows it to interact with a diverse group of ligands. Diverse MRGPRX2 ligands utilize conserved residues in its transmembrane (TM) domains and carboxyl-terminus Ser/Thr residues to undergo ligand binding and G protein coupling. The coupling likely initiates phosphorylation cascades, induces Ca2+ mobilization, and causes degranulation and generation of cytokines and chemokines via MAPK and NF-κB pathways, resulting in MCs activation. Agonists of MRGPRX2 on MCs are divided into peptides (including antimicrobial peptides, neuropeptides, MC degranulating peptides, peptide hormones) and nonpeptides (including FDA-approved drugs). Inhibitors of MRGPRX2 include non-selective GPCR inhibitors, herbal extracts, small-molecule MRGPRX2 antagonists, and DNA aptamer drugs. Screening and classifying MRGPRX2 ligands and summarizing their signaling pathways would improve our understanding of MRGPRX2-mediated physiological and pathological effects on MCs.
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Patrulea V, Borchard G, Jordan O. An Update on Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) and Their Delivery Strategies for Wound Infections. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E840. [PMID: 32887353 PMCID: PMC7560145 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections occur when wound healing fails to reach the final stage of healing, which is usually hindered by the presence of different pathogens. Different topical antimicrobial agents are used to inhibit bacterial growth due to antibiotic failure in reaching the infected site, which is accompanied very often by increased drug resistance and other side effects. In this review, we focus on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), especially those with a high potential of efficacy against multidrug-resistant and biofilm-forming bacteria and fungi present in wound infections. Currently, different AMPs undergo preclinical and clinical phase to combat infection-related diseases. AMP dendrimers (AMPDs) have been mentioned as potent microbial agents. Various AMP delivery strategies that are used to combat infection and modulate the healing rate-such as polymers, scaffolds, films and wound dressings, and organic and inorganic nanoparticles-have been discussed as well. New technologies such as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein (CRISPR-Cas) are taken into consideration as potential future tools for AMP delivery in skin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viorica Patrulea
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gerrit Borchard
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Jordan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Peng J, Zhao H, Tu C, Xu Z, Ye L, Zhao L, Gu Z, Zhao D, Zhang J, Feng Z. In situ hydrogel dressing loaded with heparin and basic fibroblast growth factor for accelerating wound healing in rat. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 116:111169. [PMID: 32806292 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In order to accelerate the healing of chronic wound, a hydrogel dressing encapsulating with heparin and basic fibroblast growth factor is prepared by the Michael addition of 4-arm acrylated polyethylene glycol and dithiothreitol. As-prepared hydrogel dressing can combine the advantages of wet healing theory and exogenous growth factor supplement. Furthermore, the encapsulated heparin can play a role in diminishing inflammation and accelerating wound healing in addition to its well-known function of stabilizing basic fibroblast growth factor. In vitro release test shows the hydrogel network is able to sustainably release basic fibroblast growth factor within 10 days by the regulation of heparin, while released growth factor can significantly promote fibroblast's proliferation in vitro. Moreover, the wound healing in rat shows that as-prepared hydrogel dressing could accelerate wound healing in vivo much more effectively compared with blank hydrogel dressing and negative control. Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's Trichrome staining exhibit the formation of complete and uniform epidermis. Immunohistochemical staining exhibits heparin can help hydrogel dressing to possess low inflammation in early stage, which is beneficial for accelerating wound healing as well as preventing the production of scar tissue. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results demonstrate the exogenous bFGF in hydrogel can significantly upgrade the expressing of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-β in wound site, which indicate better angiogenesis, and better on-site cell proliferation in wound site, respectively. Those results are further demonstrated by immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. Consequently, as-prepared hydrogel dressing shows promising potential to perform better therapy efficacy in clinic for accelerating wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, China
| | - Chengzhao Tu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zeqin Xu
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Lin Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Liang Zhao
- Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, China.
| | - Zongheng Gu
- Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, China
| | - Zengguo Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, Beijing 100081, China
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9
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Nakagami H, Sugimoto K, Ishikawa T, Koshizaka M, Fujimoto T, Kiyohara E, Hayashi M, Nakagawa Y, Ando H, Terabe Y, Takami Y, Yamamoto K, Takeya Y, Takemoto M, Ebihara T, Nakamura A, Nishikawa M, Yao XJ, Hanaoka H, Yokote K, Rakugi H. Investigator-initiated clinical study of a functional peptide, SR-0379, for limb ulcers of patients with Werner syndrome as a pilot study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 19:1118-1123. [PMID: 31746528 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM An investigator-initiated clinical study was carried out to evaluate the therapeutic potency of SR-0379 for the treatment of leg ulcers in patients with Werner syndrome. METHODS A multicenter, open-label study was carried out from September 2017 to February 2018. The inclusion criteria for leg ulcers were: (i) leg ulcers in patients with Werner syndrome, diabetes or critical limb ischemia/venous stasis; and (ii) a wound size of >1 cm and <6 cm in diameter. Four individuals with Werner syndrome and diabetic ulcers, respectively, were enrolled. SR-0379 (0.1%) was sprayed on skin ulcers once per day for 4 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated by determining the rate of wound size reduction as a primary end-point at 4 weeks after the first treatment compared with the pretreatment wound size. As secondary end-points, the DESIGN-R score index, the 50% wound size reduction ratio, time to wound closure and quantification of wound bacteria were also evaluated. The safety of SR-0379 was evaluated during the study period. RESULTS The reduction rate of ulcer size treated with 0.1% SR-0379 was 22.90% (mean) in the Werner syndrome ulcers group (n = 4) and 35.70% (mean) in the diabetic ulcers group (n = 4), respectively. The DESIGN-R score decreased by 4.0 points in the Werner syndrome ulcers group and 4.3 points in the diabetic ulcers group. Two mild adverse events were reported in two patients, and causal relationships were denied in any events. CONCLUSION Treatment with SR-0379 was safe, well-tolerated, and effective for leg ulcers of both Werner syndrome and diabetes patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 1118-1123.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Nakagami
- Department of Health Development and Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Sugimoto
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishikawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaya Koshizaka
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taku Fujimoto
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiji Kiyohara
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Misa Hayashi
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukinobu Nakagawa
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ando
- Department of Cardiology, Kasukabe Chuo General Hospital, Kasukabe, Japan
| | - Yuta Terabe
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Nishi Tokushukai Hospital, Akishima, Japan
| | - Yoichi Takami
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Yamamoto
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Takeya
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.,Department of University, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Narita, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Ebihara
- Department of Dermatology, Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacy, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan.,Department of Medical Innovation, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | | | - Xiang Jing Yao
- Department of Medical Innovation, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Hideki Hanaoka
- Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiromi Rakugi
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Tenma A, Nakagami H, Tomioka H, Sakaguchi M, Ide R, Koriyama H, Hayashi H, Shimamura M, Rakugi H, Morishita R. AJP001, a novel helper T-cell epitope, induces a humoral immune response with activation of innate immunity when included in a peptide vaccine. FASEB Bioadv 2019; 1:760-772. [PMID: 32123820 PMCID: PMC6996369 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2019-00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine design requires well-tailored formulations including a T-cell epitope and adjuvants. We identified a novel cationic peptide, AJP001, which possesses a strong affinity for murine MHC class II alleles (H2-IEd and H2-IAd) and low affinity for H2-IAb. We designed an AJP001 and epitope peptide-conjugated vaccine, AJP001-angiotensin (Ang) II, which was intracutaneously administered to mice three times at 2-week intervals. Indeed, the AJP001-Ang II vaccine induced antibody production against Ang II in BALB/cA mice but not in C57BL/6 mice. To estimate the T-cell-dependent immunogenicity of the AJP001 conjugate vaccine in human cells, naïve human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were exposed to AJP001-Ang II, and T-cell proliferation was evaluated by analyzing cell division using flow cytometric measurement of carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) dye dilution. To activate the immune response, the innate immune system must be activated by adjuvant treatment. Interestingly, treatment with AJP001 induced IL-1β and IL-18 secretion via NLRP3 inflammasome activation and induced TNF-α and IL-6 production through an NF-κB-dependent pathway in human and mouse macrophages. These results suggest that AJP001 behaves as a T-cell epitope in mice and humans and is a useful tool for the formulation of peptide vaccines without the addition of adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Tenma
- Department of Health Development and MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
- FunPep CoOsakaJapan
| | - Hironori Nakagami
- Department of Health Development and MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | | | | | | | - Hiroshi Koriyama
- Department of Health Development and MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Hiroki Hayashi
- Department of Health Development and MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Munehisa Shimamura
- Department of Health Development and MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
- Department of NeurologyOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Hiromi Rakugi
- Department of Geriatric and General MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Ryuichi Morishita
- Department of Clinical Gene TherapyOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
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11
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Roy S, Ganguly A, Haque M, Ali H. Angiogenic Host Defense Peptide AG-30/5C and Bradykinin B 2 Receptor Antagonist Icatibant Are G Protein Biased Agonists for MRGPRX2 in Mast Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:1229-1238. [PMID: 30651343 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AG-30/5C is an angiogenic host defense peptide that activates human mast cells (MC) via an unknown mechanism. Using short hairpin RNA-silenced human MC line LAD2 and stably transfected RBL-2H3 cells, we demonstrate that AG-30/5C induces MC degranulation via Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2). Most G protein-coupled receptors signal via parallel and independent pathways mediated by G proteins and β-arrestins. AG-30/5C and compound 48/80 induced similar maximal MC degranulation via MRGPRX2, which was abolished by pertussis toxin. However, compound 48/80 induced a robust β-arrestin activation as determined by transcriptional activation following arrestin translocation (Tango), but AG-30/5C did not. Overnight culture of MC with compound 48/80 resulted in reduced cell surface MRGPRX2 expression, and this was associated with a significant decrease in subsequent MC degranulation in response to compound 48/80 or AG-30/5C. However, AG-30/5C pretreatment had no effect on cell surface MRGPRX2 expression or degranulation in response to compound 48/80 or AG-30/5C. Icatibant, a bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist, promotes MC degranulation via MRGPRX2 and causes pseudoallergic drug reaction. Icatibant caused MC degranulation via a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein but did not activate β-arrestin. A screen of the National Institutes of Health Clinical Collection library led to the identification of resveratrol as an inhibitor of MRGPRX2. Resveratrol inhibited compound 48/80-induced Tango and MC degranulation in response to compound 48/80, AG-30/5C, and Icatibant. This study demonstrates the novel finding that AG-30/5C and Icatibant serve as G protein-biased agonists for MRGPRX2, but compound 48/80 signals via both G protein and β-arrestin with distinct differences in receptor regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptarshi Roy
- Department of Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Anirban Ganguly
- Department of Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Maureen Haque
- Department of Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Hydar Ali
- Department of Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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12
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Andoh M, Ueno T, Kawasaki K. Tissue-dependent induction of antimicrobial peptide genes after body wall injury in house fly ( Musca domestica) larvae. Drug Discov Ther 2018; 12:355-362. [DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2018.01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minako Andoh
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
| | - Takayuki Ueno
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
| | - Kiyoshi Kawasaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
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Physician-initiated clinical study of limb ulcers treated with a functional peptide, SR-0379: from discovery to a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. NPJ Aging Mech Dis 2018; 4:2. [PMID: 29449960 PMCID: PMC5809414 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-018-0021-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
SR-0379 is a functional peptide that has wound healing effect with anti-microbial action, making it an ideal drug to prevent infection. To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of SR-0379 for the treatment of leg ulcers, a physician-initiated, phase I/IIa, first-in-patient clinical study was designed. A multi-center, double-blind, randomized clinical study was conducted from October 2015 to September 2016. The inclusion criteria for leg ulcers were (1) diabetes or critical limb ischemia and (2) wound size <6 cm in diameter. Twelve patients were randomized into four groups and administered 0.02%, 0.1%, or 0.5% SR-0379 or placebo treatment on skin ulcers once per day for 28 days. Efficiency was evaluated by determining the rate of wound size reduction as a primary endpoint at 4 weeks after the first treatment compared with the pre-treatment wound size. As a secondary endpoint, the DESIGN-R score index, time to wound closure, and the 50% wound size reduction ratio were also evaluated. The safety of SR-0379 was evaluated during the study period. In the evaluation of efficiency, the skin ulcer reduction rates at the last evaluation were 44.73% for the 0.02% SR-0379 group, 68.25% for the 0.1% group, and 71.61% for the 0.5% group, compared with 9.95% for the placebo group. Six adverse events were reported in four patients, of which one occurred in the placebo group, and causal relationships to study drugs were denied for all six events. Treatment with SR-0379 for chronic leg ulcers was safe, well tolerated, and effective. Chronic leg ulcers result in substantial impairment of patient quality of life with a socioeconomic impact both in terms of medical care and missed work days. A teams led by Hironori Nakagami at Osaka University originally identified a functional peptide, SR-0379, and evaluated the safety and efficacy of SR-0379 for the treatment of leg ulcers in a physician-initiated, first-in-patient, a multi-center, double-blind, randomized clinical study. In the evaluation of efficiency, the skin ulcer reduction rates were improved for the SR-0379 treated groups in a dose-dependent manner, compared for the placebo group with no causal adverse events. Since treatment with SR-0379 for chronic leg ulcers was safe, well tolerated, and effective in this initial clinical trial, the clinical trial on next stage will be designed toward peptide drug development.
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Zomer HD, Trentin AG. Skin wound healing in humans and mice: Challenges in translational research. J Dermatol Sci 2017; 90:3-12. [PMID: 29289417 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite the great progress in translational research concerning skin wound healing in the last few decades, no animal model fully predicts all clinical outcomes. The mouse is the most commonly used model, as it is easy to maintain and standardize, and is economically accessible. However, differences between murine and human skin repair, such as the contraction promoted by panniculus carnosus and the role of specific niches of skin stem cells, make it difficult to bridge the gap between preclinical and clinical studies. Therefore, this review highlights the particularities of each species concerning skin morphophysiology, immunology, and genetics, which is essential to properly interpret findings and translate them to medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena D Zomer
- Department of Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Andrea G Trentin
- Department of Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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15
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Gomes A, Teixeira C, Ferraz R, Prudêncio C, Gomes P. Wound-Healing Peptides for Treatment of Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Other Infected Skin Injuries. Molecules 2017; 22:E1743. [PMID: 29057807 PMCID: PMC6151519 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As the incidence of diabetes continues to increase in the western world, the prevalence of chronic wounds related to this condition continues to be a major focus of wound care research. Additionally, over 50% of chronic wounds exhibit signs and symptoms that are consistent with localized bacterial biofilms underlying severe infections that contribute to tissue destruction, delayed wound-healing and other serious complications. Most current biomedical approaches for advanced wound care aim at providing antimicrobial protection to the open wound together with a matrix scaffold (often collagen-based) to boost reestablishment of the skin tissue. Therefore, the present review is focused on the efforts that have been made over the past years to find peptides possessing wound-healing properties, towards the development of new and effective wound care treatments for diabetic foot ulcers and other skin and soft tissue infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gomes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cátia Teixeira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Ferraz
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
- Ciências Químicas e das Biomoléculas, Escola Superior de Saúde-Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, P-4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Prudêncio
- Ciências Químicas e das Biomoléculas, Escola Superior de Saúde-Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, P-4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, P-4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Paula Gomes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
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16
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Lee TW, Heo SC, Kwon YW, Park GT, Yoon JW, Kim SC, Jang IH, Kim JH. The anti-microbial peptide SR-0379 stimulates human endothelial progenitor cell-mediated repair of peripheral artery diseases. BMB Rep 2017; 50:504-509. [PMID: 28539159 PMCID: PMC5683819 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2017.50.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia is a serious disease, characterized by an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of the anti-microbial peptide SR-0379 on the stem cell-mediated therapy of ischemic diseases. The migratory and tube-forming abilities of human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were enhanced by treatment with SR-0379 in vitro. Intramuscular administration of SR-0379 into a murine ischemic hindlimb significantly enhanced blood perfusion, decreased tissue necrosis, and increased the number of blood vessels in the ischemic muscle. Moreover, co-administration of SR-0379 with EPCs stimulated blood perfusion in an ischemic hindlimb more than intramuscular injection with either SR-0379 or EPCs alone. This enhanced blood perfusion was accompanied by a significant increase in the number of CD31- and α-SMApositive blood vessels in ischemic hindlimb. These results suggest that SR-0379 is a potential drug candidate for potentiating EPC-mediated therapy of ischemic diseases. [BMB Reports 2017; 50(10): 504-509].
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Wook Lee
- Departments of Physiology, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Soon Chul Heo
- Departments of Physiology, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Yang Woo Kwon
- Departments of Physiology, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Gyu Tae Park
- Departments of Physiology, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Jung Won Yoon
- Departments of Physiology, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Seung-Chul Kim
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Il Ho Jang
- Department of Oral Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pusan National University School of Dentistry, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Departments of Physiology, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea
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Nakagami H, Yamaoka T, Hayashi M, Tanemura A, Takeya Y, Kurinami H, Sugimoto K, Nakamura A, Tomono K, Tamai K, Katayama I, Rakugi H, Kaneda Y. Physician-initiated first-in-human clinical study using a novel angiogenic peptide, AG30/5C, for patients with severe limb ulcers. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17:2150-2156. [PMID: 28488306 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM In patients with diabetes or ischemia, angiogenesis and infection control are required for chronic leg ulcers, which substantially impair patients' quality of life. We developed a novel functional peptide, named AG30/5C, with angiogenic and anti-microbial properties. Treatment with AG30/5C significantly accelerated the wound healing of full-thickness defects in mice. To evaluate the safety of AG30/5C in the treatment of leg ulcers, a physician-initiated clinical study was carried out. METHODS The first-in-human trial was designed as an open-label treatment with AG30/5C (0.1 mg/mL) given twice per day for 11 days, and with a follow-up period of 17 days. The inclusion criteria for severe skin ulcers were: (i) diabetes or critical limb ischemia; (ii) resistance to standard therapy for 1 month; and (iii) detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the skin ulcer. RESULTS Four patients were enrolled in this study, and two patients met these criteria. For the evaluation of safety, three adverse effects were reported as possibly related to AG30/5C treatment; however, these adverse effects were not severe and resolved during or after treatment. Thus, there were no safety concerns. In both patients, the size of the ulcer decreased after treatment (44.62% and 10.23% decrease), and further decreased after the follow-up period (73.85% and 10.23% decrease). The former patient was diagnosed as Werner syndrome and the skin ulcer was resistant to standard therapy; however, it was sensitive to AG30/5C treatment. CONCLUSIONS Topical treatment with AG30/5C for severe leg ulcers was safe, well tolerated and effective. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 2150-2156.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Nakagami
- Department of Health Development and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Yamaoka
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Misa Hayashi
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tanemura
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Takeya
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kurinami
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Sugimoto
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayumi Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacy, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunori Tomono
- Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsuto Tamai
- Department of Stem Cell Therapy Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ichiro Katayama
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiromi Rakugi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Kaneda
- Division of Gene Therapy Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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18
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Kiatsurayanon C, Niyonsaba F, Chieosilapatham P, Okumura K, Ikeda S, Ogawa H. Angiogenic peptide (AG)-30/5C activates human keratinocytes to produce cytokines/chemokines and to migrate and proliferate via MrgX receptors. J Dermatol Sci 2016; 83:190-9. [PMID: 27237787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to their antimicrobial activities, antimicrobial peptides, also known as host defense peptides (HDPs) activate keratinocytes; promote wound healing; and improve the skin barrier. AG-30/5C is a novel angiogenic HDP that activates various functions of fibroblasts and endothelial cells, including cytokine/chemokine production and wound healing. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether AG-30/5C activates human keratinocytes and to examine the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Production of cytokines/chemokines was assessed by ELISA. Expression of Mas-related G-protein coupled receptors X (MrgXs) in keratinocytes was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot. MAPK and NF-κB activation was analysed by Western blot. Cell migration was assessed by chemotaxis microchamber and in vitro wound closure assay, whereas cell proliferation was analysed using an XTT assay. RESULTS We found that AG-30/5C was more efficient than its parent peptide AG-30 in increasing the production of various cytokines/chemokines and promoting keratinocyte migration and proliferation. Furthermore, MrgX3 and MrgX4 receptors were constitutively expressed in keratinocytes at higher levels than MrgX1 and MrgX2, and were up-regulated upon stimulation with TLR ligands. Because MrgX3 and MrgX4 siRNAs suppressed AG-30/5C-mediated cytokine/chemokine production, keratinocyte migration and proliferation, we propose that AG-30/5C utilizes these MrgXs to stimulate keratinocytes. In addition, AG-30/5C-induced activation of keratinocytes was controlled by MAPK and NF-κB pathways, as evidenced by the inhibitory effects of ERK-, JNK-, p38- and NF-κB-specific inhibitors. Indeed, we confirmed that AG-30/5C enhanced phosphorylation of MAPKs and IκB. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide novel evidence that AG-30/5C may be a useful therapeutic agent for wound healing by activating human keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanisa Kiatsurayanon
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Dermatology, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - François Niyonsaba
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Tokyo, Japan; Faculty of International Liberal Arts, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Panjit Chieosilapatham
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ko Okumura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigaku Ikeda
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Anti-Microbial Dendrimers against Multidrug-Resistant P. aeruginosa Enhance the Angiogenic Effect of Biological Burn-wound Bandages. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22020. [PMID: 26912450 PMCID: PMC4766566 DOI: 10.1038/srep22020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa has increased progressively and impedes further regression in mortality in burn patients. Such wound infections serve as bacterial reservoir for nosocomial infections and are associated with significant morbidity and costs. Anti-microbial polycationic dendrimers G3KL and G3RL, able to kill multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa, have been previously developed. The combination of these dendrimers with a class of biological bandages made of progenitor skin cells, which secrete growth factors, could positively impact wound-healing processes. However, polycations are known to be used as anti-angiogenic agents for tumor suppression. Since, neovascularization is pivotal in the healing of deep burn-wounds, the use of anti-microbial dendrimers may thus hinder the healing processes. Surprisingly, we have seen in this study that G3KL and G3RL dendrimers can have angiogenic effects. Moreover, we have shown that a dendrimer concentration ranging between 50 and 100 μg/mL in combination with the biological bandages can suppress bacterial growth without altering cell viability up to 5 days. These results show that antimicrobial dendrimers can be used in combination with biological bandages and could potentially improve the healing process with an enhanced angiogenesis.
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An antimicrobial peptide with angiogenic properties, AG-30/5C, activates human mast cells through the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Immunol Res 2015; 64:594-603. [DOI: 10.1007/s12026-015-8759-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Tomioka H, Nakagami H, Tenma A, Saito Y, Kaga T, Kanamori T, Tamura N, Tomono K, Kaneda Y, Morishita R. Novel anti-microbial peptide SR-0379 accelerates wound healing via the PI3 kinase/Akt/mTOR pathway. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92597. [PMID: 24675668 PMCID: PMC3968008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed a novel cationic antimicrobial peptide, AG30/5C, which demonstrates angiogenic properties similar to those of LL-37 or PR39. However, improvement of its stability and cost efficacy are required for clinical application. Therefore, we examined the metabolites of AG30/5C, which provided the further optimized compound, SR-0379. SR-0379 enhanced the proliferation of human dermal fibroblast cells (NHDFs) via the PI3 kinase-Akt-mTOR pathway through integrin-mediated interactions. Furthermore SR-0379 promoted the tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in co-culture with NHDFs. This compound also displays antimicrobial activities against a number of bacteria, including drug-resistant microbes and fungi. We evaluated the effect of SR-0379 in two different would-healing models in rats, the full-thickness defects under a diabetic condition and an acutely infected wound with full-thickness defects and inoculation with Staphylococcus aureus. Treatment with SR-0379 significantly accelerated wound healing when compared to fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). The beneficial effects of SR-0379 on wound healing can be explained by enhanced angiogenesis, granulation tissue formation, proliferation of endothelial cells and fibroblasts and antimicrobial activity. These results indicate that SR-0379 may have the potential for drug development in wound repair, even under especially critical colonization conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Tomioka
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- AnGesMG, Inc., 7-7-15 Saito Bio-Incubator, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hironori Nakagami
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Epigenetics, Osaka University United Graduate School of Child Development, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiko Tenma
- AnGesMG, Inc., 7-7-15 Saito Bio-Incubator, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Saito
- AnGesMG, Inc., 7-7-15 Saito Bio-Incubator, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kaga
- AnGesMG, Inc., 7-7-15 Saito Bio-Incubator, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Nao Tamura
- AnGesMG, Inc., 7-7-15 Saito Bio-Incubator, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunori Tomono
- Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Kaneda
- Division of Gene Therapy Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, School of Child Development, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Morishita
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Ogihara T, Aoki M, Rakugi H. The role of gerontology in the era of a super-aged society. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2014; 51:16-22. [PMID: 24747491 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.51.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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