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Levy A, El-Hage W, Bennabi D, Allauze E, Bouvard A, Camus V, Courtet P, Dorey JM, Etain B, Fond G, Genty JB, Holtzmann J, Horn M, Leboyer M, Llorca PM, Meyrel M, Molière F, Nguon AS, Petrucci J, Rey R, Richieri R, Stephan F, Vaiva G, Walter M, Haffen E, Aouizerate B, Yrondi A. Occurrence of Side Effects in Treatment-Resistant Depression: Role of Clinical, Socio-Demographic and Environmental Characteristics. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:795666. [PMID: 34938218 PMCID: PMC8685450 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.795666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a disabling psychiatric condition characterized by the failure of two antidepressants (ADs). Since the occurrence of side effects (SEs) appears to be one of the main determinants of early discontinuation of pharmacological treatments contributing to a pseudo-resistance, the purpose of this study was to determine the parameters associated with the occurrence of SEs under ADs in a cohort of patients with TRD. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, multicentre study was carried out using data from the French network of Expert Centers for TRD. For the 108 patients enrolled in the study, the statistical analyses focused on the overall occurrence and on the profile of the SEs (9 categories, 32 items). Results: SEs were influenced by age and sex and were positively associated with the intensity of anxious, depressive and suicidal symptoms, a history of childhood trauma (sexual abuse, emotional abuse and neglect), and negatively associated with self-esteem, and assessment of overall functioning. Conclusion: Using variables accessible in common practice, these results fall within the dynamic of a more tailored approach to medicine that could allow, through integrated pharmacological management, the continuation of antidepressant treatments, and therefore limit the risk of therapeutic failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Levy
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale de l'adulte (Department of Psychiatry and Adult Medical Psychology), Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental (FondaMental Advanced Centre of Expertise in Resistant Depression, CHU de Toulouse (University Hospital Centre), Hôpital Purpan, ToNIC Toulouse NeuroImaging Centre, Université de Toulouse (Toulouse University), INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Wissam El-Hage
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,U1253, iBrain, CIC1415, Inserm, CHRU de Tours (Regional University Hospital Centre), Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Djamila Bennabi
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CIC-1431 INSERM, CHU de Besançon, EA 481 Neurosciences, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Etienne Allauze
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Psychiatry, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University of Clermont Auvergne, EA 7280, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alexandra Bouvard
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Pôle de Psychiatrie Générale et Universitaire (Department of General and University Academic Psychiatry Cluster), Centre de référence régional des pathologies anxieuses et de la dépression (Regional Reference Center for the Management and Treatment of Anxiety and Depressive Disorders), Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental (FondaMental Advanced Centre of Expertise in Resistant Depression), CH Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, Laboratoire Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (Integrated Nutrition and Neurobiology Laboratory) (UMR INRAE 1286), Université de Bordeaux (Bordeaux University), Bordeaux, France
| | - Vincent Camus
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,U1253, iBrain, CIC1415, Inserm, CHRU de Tours (Regional University Hospital Centre), Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Michel Dorey
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University Lyon 1, Lyon Neuroscience Research Centre, Psychiatric Disorders: from Resistance to Response ΨR2 Team, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier (Hospital Centre), Bron, France
| | - Bruno Etain
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université de Paris et AP-HP - GHU Lariboisière-Fernand Widal - Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Fond
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Pôle Psychiatrie, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU La Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Genty
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, Créteil, France Inserm, U955, Equipe 15 Psychiatrie génétique (Team 15 Genetic Psychiatry), Créteil, France AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor-A. Chenevier, Pôle de psychiatrie (Psychiatry Cluster), Créteil, France Fondation FondaMental, Fondation de Cooperation Scientifique (Scientific Cooperation Foundation), Créteil, France
| | - Jérôme Holtzmann
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (Institute of Neurosciences), Grenoble, France
| | - Mathilde Horn
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie adulte (Department of Adult Psychiatry), Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHRU de Lille, Hôpital Fontan 1, Lille, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, Créteil, France Inserm, U955, Equipe 15 Psychiatrie génétique (Team 15 Genetic Psychiatry), Créteil, France AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor-A. Chenevier, Pôle de psychiatrie (Psychiatry Cluster), Créteil, France Fondation FondaMental, Fondation de Cooperation Scientifique (Scientific Cooperation Foundation), Créteil, France
| | - Pierre-Michel Llorca
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Psychiatry, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University of Clermont Auvergne, EA 7280, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Manon Meyrel
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université de Paris et AP-HP - GHU Lariboisière-Fernand Widal - Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Molière
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Nguon
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (Institute of Neurosciences), Grenoble, France
| | - Jean Petrucci
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, Créteil, France Inserm, U955, Equipe 15 Psychiatrie génétique (Team 15 Genetic Psychiatry), Créteil, France AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor-A. Chenevier, Pôle de psychiatrie (Psychiatry Cluster), Créteil, France Fondation FondaMental, Fondation de Cooperation Scientifique (Scientific Cooperation Foundation), Créteil, France
| | - Romain Rey
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University Lyon 1, Lyon Neuroscience Research Centre, Psychiatric Disorders: from Resistance to Response ΨR2 Team, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier (Hospital Centre), Bron, France
| | - Raphaelle Richieri
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Pôle Psychiatrie, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU La Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Florian Stephan
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie Générale et de Réhabilitation Psycho Sociale 29G01 et 29G02 (University Hospital Department of General Psychiatry and Psychosocial Rehabilitation), Centre Expert Depression Résistante FondaMental, EA 7479, CHRU de Brest, Hôpital de Bohars, Brest, France
| | - Guillaume Vaiva
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie adulte (Department of Adult Psychiatry), Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHRU de Lille, Hôpital Fontan 1, Lille, France.,Centre National de Ressources et Résilience pour les psychotraumatismes (Cn2r Lille Paris), Lille, France
| | - Michel Walter
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie Générale et de Réhabilitation Psycho Sociale 29G01 et 29G02 (University Hospital Department of General Psychiatry and Psychosocial Rehabilitation), Centre Expert Depression Résistante FondaMental, EA 7479, CHRU de Brest, Hôpital de Bohars, Brest, France
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CIC-1431 INSERM, CHU de Besançon, EA 481 Neurosciences, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Bruno Aouizerate
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Pôle de Psychiatrie Générale et Universitaire (Department of General and University Academic Psychiatry Cluster), Centre de référence régional des pathologies anxieuses et de la dépression (Regional Reference Center for the Management and Treatment of Anxiety and Depressive Disorders), Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental (FondaMental Advanced Centre of Expertise in Resistant Depression), CH Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, Laboratoire Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (Integrated Nutrition and Neurobiology Laboratory) (UMR INRAE 1286), Université de Bordeaux (Bordeaux University), Bordeaux, France
| | - Antoine Yrondi
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale de l'adulte (Department of Psychiatry and Adult Medical Psychology), Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental (FondaMental Advanced Centre of Expertise in Resistant Depression, CHU de Toulouse (University Hospital Centre), Hôpital Purpan, ToNIC Toulouse NeuroImaging Centre, Université de Toulouse (Toulouse University), INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
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Perna G, Daccò S, Menotti R, Caldirola D. Antianxiety medications for the treatment of complex agoraphobia: pharmacological interventions for a behavioral condition. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2011; 7:621-37. [PMID: 22090798 PMCID: PMC3215519 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there are controversial issues (the "American view" and the "European view") regarding the construct and definition of agoraphobia (AG), this syndrome is well recognized and it is a burden in the lives of millions of people worldwide. To better clarify the role of drug therapy in AG, the authors summarized and discussed recent evidence on pharmacological treatments, based on clinical trials available from 2000, with the aim of highlighting pharmacotherapies that may improve this complex syndrome. METHODS A systematic review of the literature regarding the pharmacological treatment of AG was carried out using MEDLINE, EBSCO, and Cochrane databases, with keywords individuated by MeSH research. Only randomized, placebo-controlled studies or comparative clinical trials were included. RESULTS After selection, 25 studies were included. All the selected studies included patients with AG associated with panic disorder. Effective compounds included selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, selective noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors, and benzodiazepines. Paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram, escitalopram, and clomipramine showed the most consistent results, while fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, and imipramine showed limited efficacy. Preliminary results suggested the potential efficacy of inositol; D-cycloserine showed mixed results for its ability to improve the outcome of exposure-based cognitive behavioral therapy. More studies with the latter compounds are needed before drawing definitive conclusions. CONCLUSION No studies have been specifically oriented toward evaluating the effect of drugs on AG; in the available studies, the improvement of AG might have been the consequence of the reduction of panic attacks. Before developing a "true" psychopharmacology of AG it is crucial to clarify its definition. There may be several potential mechanisms involved, including fear-learning processes, balance system dysfunction, high light sensitivity, and impaired visuospatial abilities, but further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Perna
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, San Benedetto Hospital, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Albese con Cassano, Como, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Leonard M Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Silvia Daccò
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, San Benedetto Hospital, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Albese con Cassano, Como, Italy
| | - Roberta Menotti
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, San Benedetto Hospital, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Albese con Cassano, Como, Italy
| | - Daniela Caldirola
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, San Benedetto Hospital, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Albese con Cassano, Como, Italy
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