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Hassan N, Krieg T, Kopp A, Bach AD, Kröger N. Challenges and Pitfalls of Research Designs Involving Magnesium-Based Biomaterials: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6242. [PMID: 38892430 PMCID: PMC11172609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Magnesium-based biomaterials hold remarkable promise for various clinical applications, offering advantages such as reduced stress-shielding and enhanced bone strengthening and vascular remodeling compared to traditional materials. However, ensuring the quality of preclinical research is crucial for the development of these implants. To achieve implant success, an understanding of the cellular responses post-implantation, proper model selection, and good study design are crucial. There are several challenges to reaching a safe and effective translation of laboratory findings into clinical practice. The utilization of Mg-based biomedical devices eliminates the need for biomaterial removal surgery post-healing and mitigates adverse effects associated with permanent biomaterial implantation. However, the high corrosion rate of Mg-based implants poses challenges such as unexpected degradation, structural failure, hydrogen evolution, alkalization, and cytotoxicity. The biocompatibility and degradability of materials based on magnesium have been studied by many researchers in vitro; however, evaluations addressing the impact of the material in vivo still need to be improved. Several animal models, including rats, rabbits, dogs, and pigs, have been explored to assess the potential of magnesium-based materials. Moreover, strategies such as alloying and coating have been identified to enhance the degradation rate of magnesium-based materials in vivo to transform these challenges into opportunities. This review aims to explore the utilization of Mg implants across various biomedical applications within cellular (in vitro) and animal (in vivo) models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Hassan
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Experimental Surgery, University of Aachen Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH-Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Thomas Krieg
- Translational Matrix Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Alexander D. Bach
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital Eschweiler, 52249 Eschweiler, Germany
| | - Nadja Kröger
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Experimental Surgery, University of Aachen Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH-Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital Eschweiler, 52249 Eschweiler, Germany
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Vujović S, Desnica J, Stanišić D, Ognjanović I, Stevanovic M, Rosic G. Applications of Biodegradable Magnesium-Based Materials in Reconstructive Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175529. [PMID: 36080296 PMCID: PMC9457564 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of defects in the maxillofacial region following traumatic injuries, craniofacial deformities, defects from tumor removal, or infections in the maxillofacial area represents a major challenge for surgeons. Various materials have been studied for the reconstruction of defects in the maxillofacial area. Biodegradable metals have been widely researched due to their excellent biological properties. Magnesium (Mg) and Mg-based materials have been extensively studied for tissue regeneration procedures due to biodegradability, mechanical characteristics, osteogenic capacity, biocompatibility, and antibacterial properties. The aim of this review was to analyze and discuss the applications of Mg and Mg-based materials in reconstructive oral and maxillofacial surgery in the fields of guided bone regeneration, dental implantology, fixation of facial bone fractures and soft tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Vujović
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jana Desnica
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dragana Stanišić
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Irena Ognjanović
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Momir Stevanovic
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (G.R.); Tel.: +381-641-327752 (M.S.); +381-633-92812 (G.R.)
| | - Gvozden Rosic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (G.R.); Tel.: +381-641-327752 (M.S.); +381-633-92812 (G.R.)
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Research status of biodegradable metals designed for oral and maxillofacial applications: A review. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:4186-4208. [PMID: 33997502 PMCID: PMC8099919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral and maxillofacial regions have complex anatomical structures and different tissue types, which have vital health and aesthetic functions. Biodegradable metals (BMs) is a promising bioactive materials to treat oral and maxillofacial diseases. This review summarizes the research status and future research directions of BMs for oral and maxillofacial applications. Mg-based BMs and Zn-based BMs for bone fracture fixation systems, and guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes, are discussed in detail. Zn-based BMs with a moderate degradation rate and superior mechanical properties for GBR membranes show great potential for clinical translation. Fe-based BMs have a relatively low degradation rate and insoluble degradation products, which greatly limit their application and clinical translation. Furthermore, we proposed potential future research directions for BMs in the oral and maxillofacial regions, including 3D printed BM bone scaffolds, surface modification for BMs GBR membranes, and BMs containing hydrogels for cartilage regeneration, soft tissue regeneration, and nerve regeneration. Taken together, the progress made in the development of BMs in oral and maxillofacial regions has laid a foundation for further clinical translation.
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Li X, Wang M, Zhang W, Bai Y, Liu Y, Meng J, Zhang L. A Magnesium-Incorporated Nanoporous Titanium Coating for Rapid Osseointegration. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:6593-6603. [PMID: 32982220 PMCID: PMC7490434 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s255486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is a fast and effective method to prepare nanoporous coatings with high biological activity and bonding strength. Simple micro/nano-coatings cannot fully meet the requirements of osteogenesis. To further improve the biological activity of a titanium surface, we successfully added biological magnesium (Mg2+) to a coating by micro-arc oxidation and evaluated the optimal magnesium concentration in the electrolyte, biocompatibility, cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenesis in vitro. Methods Nanoporous titanium coatings with different concentrations of magnesium were prepared by micro-arc oxidation and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The Mg2+ release ability of the magnesium-incorporated nanoporous titanium coatings was determined by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The cytotoxicity of the magnesium-incorporated nanoporous titanium coatings was detected with live/dead double-staining tests. A CCK-8 assay was employed to evaluate cell proliferation, and FITC-phalloidin was used to determine the structure of the cytoskeleton by staining β-actin. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was evaluated by alizarin red S (ARS) staining to determine the effect of the coatings on osteogenic differentiation in vitro. The mRNA expression of osteogenic differentiation-related markers was measured using qRT-PCR. Results EDS analyses revealed the successful addition of magnesium to the microporous coatings. The best magnesium concentration of the electrolyte for preparing the new coating was determined. The results showed that the nano-coatings prepared using the electrolyte with 2 g/L magnesium acetate best promoted the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Conclusion These results suggest that the new titanium metal coating with a dual effect of promoting bone morphology and supplying the biological ion Mg2+ can be beneficial for rapid osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Li
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Stomatology, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, The Xuzhou Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyi Wang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Oral Bioengineering and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Bai
- Department of Stomatology, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, The Xuzhou Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Meng
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Stomatology, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, The Xuzhou Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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He LY, Zhang XM, Liu B, Tian Y, Ma WH. Effect of magnesium ion on human osteoblast activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 49:S0100-879X2016000700604. [PMID: 27383121 PMCID: PMC4942226 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20165257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium, a promising biodegradable metal, has been reported in several studies to increase bone formation. Although there is some information regarding the concentrations of magnesium ions that affect bone remodeling at a cellular level, little is known about the effect of magnesium ions on cell gap junctions. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically investigate the effects of different concentrations of magnesium on bone cells, and further evaluate its effect on gap junctions of osteoblasts. Cultures of normal human osteoblasts were treated with magnesium ions at concentrations of 1, 2 and 3 mM, for 24, 48 and 72 h. The effects of magnesium ions on viability and function of normal human osteoblasts and on gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) in osteoblasts were investigated. Magnesium ions induced significant (P<0.05) increases in cell viability, alkaline phosphate activity and osteocalcin levels of human osteoblasts. These stimulatory actions were positively associated with the concentration of magnesium and the time of exposure. Furthermore, the GJIC of osteoblasts was significantly promoted by magnesium ions. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that magnesium ions induced the activity of osteoblasts by enhancing GJIC between cells, and influenced bone formation. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the influence of magnesium on bone remodeling and to the advance of its application in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, The Key Laboratory for Orthopedic Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - X M Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hebei National Defense Construction Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - B Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, The Key Laboratory for Orthopedic Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Y Tian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, The Key Laboratory for Orthopedic Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - W H Ma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, The Key Laboratory for Orthopedic Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
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Won S, Huh YH, Cho LR, Lee HS, Byon ES, Park CJ. Cellular Response of Human Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Titanium Surfaces Implanted with Calcium and Magnesium Ions. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 14:123-131. [PMID: 30603469 PMCID: PMC6171587 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0028-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface characteristics and cellular response to titanium surfaces that had been implanted with calcium and magnesium ions using plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (PIIID) were evaluated. Three different titanium surfaces were analyzed: a resorbable blast media (RBM) surface (blasted with hydroxyapatite grit), a calcium ion-implanted surface, and a magnesium ion-implanted surface. The surface characteristics were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface roughness testing, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured on the 3 different surfaces. Initial cell attachment was evaluated by SEM, and cell proliferation was determined using MTT assay. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to quantify osteoblastic gene expression (i.e., genes encoding RUNX2, type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin). Surface analysis did not reveal any changes in surface topography after ion implantation. AES revealed that magnesium ions were present in deeper layers than calcium ions. The calcium ion- and magnesium ion-implanted surfaces showed greater initial cell attachment. Investigation of cell proliferation revealed no significant difference among the groups. After 6 days of cultivation, the expression of RUNX2 was higher in the magnesium ion-implanted surface and the expression of osteocalcin was lower in the calcium ion-implanted surface. In conclusion, ion implantation using the PIIID technique changed the surface chemistry without changing the topography. Calcium ion- and magnesium ion-implanted surfaces showed greater initial cellular attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Won
- Department of Prosthodontics and Research Institute of Oral Science, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Jukheongil 7, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 26403 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Hyuk Huh
- Department of Prosthodontics and Research Institute of Oral Science, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Jukheongil 7, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 26403 Republic of Korea
| | - Lee-Ra Cho
- Department of Prosthodontics and Research Institute of Oral Science, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Jukheongil 7, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 26403 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Su Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Research Institute of Oral Science, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangwon-do, 26403 Republic of Korea
| | - Eung-Sun Byon
- Materials Processing Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondaero, Seongsan-gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam 51508 Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Jin Park
- Department of Prosthodontics and Research Institute of Oral Science, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Jukheongil 7, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 26403 Republic of Korea
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Song WW, Heo JH, Lee JH, Park YM, Kim YD. Osseointegration of magnesium-incorporated sand-blasted acid-etched implant in the dog mandible: Resonance frequency measurements and histomorphometric analysis. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 13:191-199. [PMID: 30603399 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-016-9126-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the bone responses of novel magnesium (Mg)-incorporated sand-blasted and acid-etched (SLA) titanium (Ti) implant in an experimental animal model. Novel Mg-incorporated SLA Ti implant was obtained via vacuum arc source ion implantation method and Mg-ions were implanted into the SLA implant surface. Control group consisted of two commercial implants; resorbable blasting media (RBM) and SLA. Twelve implants from each group were placed into the mandibles of 6 mongrel dogs. Experimental animals were divided into 2 groups of 3 animals, with 4 weeks and 8 weeks healing time points. Resonance frequency analysis was performed at the time of fixture installation, 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after installation. Bone to implant contact (BIC) measurements were assessed at the 4 and 8 weeks healing time points. The overall implant survival rate was 97.2%. The Mg-incorporated SLA Ti implants showed more rapid osseointegration than control group implants at follow-up periods of 4 weeks. Histomorphometric analysis showed a tendency for BIC% values of Mg-incorporated SLA Ti implant to be higher than that of other the implant groups. The results of this study suggest that Mg-incorporated SLA Ti implant may be effective in enhancing the bone responses by rapid osseointegration in early healing periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Wook Song
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Heo
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jeong-Han Lee
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | | | - Yong-Deok Kim
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.,3Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.,Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
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Bioactive coatings for orthopaedic implants-recent trends in development of implant coatings. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:11878-921. [PMID: 25000263 PMCID: PMC4139820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150711878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Joint replacement is a major orthopaedic procedure used to treat joint osteoarthritis. Aseptic loosening and infection are the two most significant causes of prosthetic implant failure. The ideal implant should be able to promote osteointegration, deter bacterial adhesion and minimize prosthetic infection. Recent developments in material science and cell biology have seen the development of new orthopaedic implant coatings to address these issues. Coatings consisting of bioceramics, extracellular matrix proteins, biological peptides or growth factors impart bioactivity and biocompatibility to the metallic surface of conventional orthopaedic prosthesis that promote bone ingrowth and differentiation of stem cells into osteoblasts leading to enhanced osteointegration of the implant. Furthermore, coatings such as silver, nitric oxide, antibiotics, antiseptics and antimicrobial peptides with anti-microbial properties have also been developed, which show promise in reducing bacterial adhesion and prosthetic infections. This review summarizes some of the recent developments in coatings for orthopaedic implants.
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Kwon YD, Lee DW, Hong SO. Magnesium vs. machined surfaced titanium - osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation. J Adv Prosthodont 2014; 6:157-64. [PMID: 25006378 PMCID: PMC4085238 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2014.6.3.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study focused on in vitro cell differentiation and surface characteristics in a magnesium coated titanium surface implanted on using a plasma ion source. MATERIALS AND METHODS 40 commercially made pure titanium discs were prepared to produce Ti oxide machined surface (M) and Mg-incorporated Ti oxide machined surface (MM). Surface properties were analyzed using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). On each surface, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red S staining for mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells, and quantitative analysis of osteoblastic gene expression, were evaluated. Actin ring formation assay and gene expression analysis of TRAP and GAPDH performing RT-PCR were performed to characterize osteoclast differentiation on mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). RESULTS MM showed similar surface morphology and surface roughness with M, but was slightly smoother after ion implantation at the micron scale. M was more hydrophobic than MM. No significant difference between surfaces on ALP activity at 7 and 14 days were observed. Real-time PCR analyses showed similar levels of mRNA expression of the osteoblast phenotype genes; osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OCN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and collagen 1 (Col 1) in cell grown on MM at 7, 14 and 21 days. Alizarin red S staining at 21 days showed no significant difference. BMMs differentiation increased in M and MM. Actin ring formation assay and gene expression analysis of TRAP showed osteoclast differentiation to be more active on MM. CONCLUSION Both M and MM have a good effect on osteoblastic cell differentiation, but MM may speed the bone remodeling process by activating on osteoclast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Dae Kwon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Won Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ok Hong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea
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Wang G, Li J, Zhang W, Xu L, Pan H, Wen J, Wu Q, She W, Jiao T, Liu X, Jiang X. Magnesium ion implantation on a micro/nanostructured titanium surface promotes its bioactivity and osteogenic differentiation function. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:2387-98. [PMID: 24940056 PMCID: PMC4051717 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s58357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the important ions associated with bone osseointegration, magnesium was incorporated into a micro/nanostructured titanium surface using a magnesium plasma immersion ion-implantation method. Hierarchical hybrid micro/nanostructured titanium surfaces followed by magnesium ion implantation for 30 minutes (Mg30) and hierarchical hybrid micro/nanostructured titanium surfaces followed by magnesium ion implantation for 60 minutes (Mg60) were used as test groups. The surface morphology, chemical properties, and amount of magnesium ions released were evaluated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, field-emission transmission electron microscopy, and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) were used to evaluate cell responses, including proliferation, spreading, and osteogenic differentiation on the surface of the material or in their medium extraction. Greater increases in the spreading and proliferation ability of rBMMSCs were observed on the surfaces of magnesium-implanted micro/nanostructures compared with the control plates. Furthermore, the osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) genes were upregulated on both surfaces and in their medium extractions. The enhanced cell responses were correlated with increasing concentrations of magnesium ions, indicating that the osteoblastic differentiation of rBMMSCs was stimulated through the magnesium ion function. The magnesium ion-implanted micro/nanostructured titanium surfaces could enhance the proliferation, spreading, and osteogenic differentiation activity of rBMMSCs, suggesting they have potential application in improving bone-titanium integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Oral Bioengineering Laboratory, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Oral Bioengineering Laboratory, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lianyi Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Oral Bioengineering Laboratory, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongya Pan
- Oral Bioengineering Laboratory, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Wen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Oral Bioengineering Laboratory, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianju Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Oral Bioengineering Laboratory, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjun She
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Jiao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuanyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Oral Bioengineering Laboratory, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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SAITO M, KARAKIDA T, YAMAMOTO R, NAGANO T, YAMAKOSHI Y, HAYAKAWA T, OIDA S, GOMI K. Differentiation potential of osteoblast from cultured C2C12 cells on zirconia disk. Dent Mater J 2014; 33:275-83. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2013-321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Fang J, Zhao J, Sun Y, Ma H, Yu X, Ma Y, Ni Y, Zheng L, Zhou Y. Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Properties of Zinc-ion Implantation on Titanium. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.23.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Bone regeneration by stem cell and tissue engineering in oral and maxillofacial region. Front Med 2011; 5:401-13. [PMID: 22198752 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-011-0161-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Clinical imperatives for the reconstruction of jaw bone defects or resorbed alveolar ridge require new therapies or procedures instead of autologous/allogeneic bone grafts. Regenerative medicine, based on stem cell science and tissue engineering technology, is considered as an ideal alternative strategy for bone regeneration. In this paper, we review the current choices of cell source and strategies on directing the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. The preclinical animal models for bone regeneration and the key translational points to clinical success in oral and maxillofacial region are also discussed. We propose comprehensive strategies based on stem cell and tissue engineering researches, allowing for clinical application in oral and maxillofacial region.
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