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Kang Q, Kong X, Chang J, Fang X, Kang C, Wu C, Li C, Maeda R, Jiang Z. Nano-cutting mechanism of ion implantation-modified SiC: reducing subsurface damage expansion and abrasive wear. Nanotechnology 2024. [PMID: 38579690 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad3b00] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
This study utilized ion implantation to modify the material properties of silicon carbide (SiC) to mitigate subsurface damage during SiC machining. The paper analyzed the mechanism of hydrogen ion implantation on the machining performance of SiC at the atomic scale. A molecular dynamics model of nanoscale cutting of an ion-implanted SiC workpiece using a non-rigid regular tetrakaidecahedral diamond abrasive grain was established. The study investigated the effects of ion implantation on crystal structure phase transformation, dislocation nucleation, and defect structure evolution. Results showed ion implantation modification decreased the extension depth of amorphous structures in the subsurface layer, thereby enhancing the surface and subsurface integrity of the SiC workpiece. Additionally, dislocation extension length and volume within the lattice structure were lower in the ion-implanted workpiece compared to non-implanted ones. Phase transformation, compressive pressure, and cutting stress of the lattice in the shear region per unit volume were lower in the ion-implanted workpiece than the non-implanted one. Taking the diamond abrasive grain as the research subject, the mechanism of grain wear under ion implantation was explored. Grain expansion, compression, and atomic volumetric strain wear rate were higher in the non-implanted workpiece versus implanted ones. Under shear extrusion of the SiC workpiece, dangling bonds of atoms in the diamond grain were unstable, resulting in graphitization of the diamond structure at elevated temperatures. This study established a solid theoretical and practical foundation for realizing non-destructive machining at the atomic scale, encompassing both theoretical principles and practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Kang
- Xidian University, No. 2 Taibai South Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, Xian, 710126, CHINA
| | - Xianguang Kong
- Xidian University, No. 2 Taibai South Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, Xian, 710126, CHINA
| | - Jiantao Chang
- Xidian University, No. 2 Taibai South Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, Xian, 710126, CHINA
| | - Xudong Fang
- Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Mechanical Engineering, No.28 Xianning Western Road, Xi'an, 710049, CHINA
| | - Chengwei Kang
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, CHINA
| | - Chen Wu
- Mechanical engineering, Xian Jiaotong University, xianning road NO.28, Beilin District, Xi'an City, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710049, CHINA
| | - Changsheng Li
- Xian Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, CHINA
| | - Ryutaro Maeda
- MEMS and Packaging Research Group, Xian Jiaotong University, 1-2-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-8564, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, CHINA
| | - Zhuangde Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning Westroad, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, CHINA
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Ismail MYA, Abdalla ZAY, Njoroge EG, Hlatshwayo TT, Malherbe JB, Innocent AJ, Elnour HMAM. Study of the effect of implantation temperature on the migration behaviour of Xe implanted into glassy carbon. Appl Radiat Isot 2024; 206:111239. [PMID: 38402845 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The effect of implantation temperature on the migration behaviour of xenon (Xe) implanted into glassy carbon and the effect of annealing on radiation damage retained by ion implantation were investigated. Glassy carbon substrates were implanted with 320 keV Xe+ to a fluence of 2 × 1016 cm-2. The implantation process was performed at room temperature (RT) and 100 °C Some of the as-implanted samples were isochronally annealed in vacuum at temperatures ranging from 300 °C to 700 °C in steps of 100 °C for 10 h. The as-implanted and annealed samples were characterized using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) and Raman spectroscopy. The RT implanted depth profiles indicated that the migration of Xe towards the surface of glassy carbon was accompanied by a loss of Xe ions. The samples implanted at 100 °C indicated no diffusion or loss of Xe after annealing at 300 °C. However, annealing at temperatures ranging from 400 °C to 700 °C resulted in a slight shift in the Xe profile tail-end towards the bulk of glassy carbon. The diffusion coefficients (D) in the temperature range of 300 °C-700 °C for the RT and 100 °C implanted samples, activation energies (Ea), and pre-exponential factors (Do), were extracted. The values of D ranged from (9.72 ± 0.48) × 10-21 to (1.87 ± 0.09) × 10-20 m2/s with an activation energy of (6.25 ± 0.31) × 10-5 eV for RT implanted samples, and the samples implanted at 100 °C, D ranged from (3.85 ± 0.19) × 10-21 to (6.96 ± 0.34) × 10-20 m2/s with activation energy of (4.10 ± 0.02) × 10-5 eV. The Raman analysis revealed that implantation at the RT amorphised the glassy carbon structure while the samples implanted at 100 °C showed mild damage compared to RT implantation. Annealing of the RT-implanted sample resulted in some recovery of the damaged region as a function of increasing annealing temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y A Ismail
- Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa; Department of Physics, University of Zalingei, Zalingei, 63314, Central Darfur, Sudan.
| | - Z A Y Abdalla
- Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - E G Njoroge
- Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa; ENGAGE, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - T T Hlatshwayo
- Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - J B Malherbe
- Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - A J Innocent
- Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - Huzifa M A M Elnour
- Department of Physics, University of Al Fashir, Al Fashir, 61114, North Darfur, Sudan
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Priyadarshini E, Minzar M, Pandey S, Rawat K. Biocompatible gelatin/carbon dot nanocomposite based urea sensor and the effect of nitrogen ion implantation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 675:99-105. [PMID: 37463525 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have fabricated a novel platform for sensing of urea using gelatin/carbon dots nanocomposite system. The sensor electrode was created by depositing the nanocomposite gel onto thin glass plates coated with indium tin oxide (ITO) using the drop casting technique. The behavior of these electrodes was investigated against a number of bioanalytes in the concentration range of 2-20 mM by cyclic voltammetry. The system was observed to be highly selective for urea with a sensitivity of 1.65 μA/mM/cm in the experimental linear range of 2-20 mM. Furthermore, the gelatin/CD-ITO electrode were also subjected to 50 KeV N2+ ion beam irradiation with varying fluence in the range of 1012 to 1016 ions/cm2. Sensing profile of the irradiated samples for urea suggested enhancement in sensitivity to 2 μA/mM cm2, when the ion fluence was 5 × 1015 ions/cm2. This enhancement after irradiation suggests a clear dependence of detection on the fluence of the ion beam. The observed excellent sensitivity of radiation processed nanocomposite material can be used as an enzyme-free platform for urea detection. Additionally, the CDs showed fluorescence quenching on treatment with mere 50 μM urea suggesting the high sensitivity of the platform.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohd Minzar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
| | - Kamla Rawat
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
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Hsu YH, Wang CH, Lin XD, Lin YH, Wuu DS, Horng RH. Improved electrical properties of micro light-emitting diode displays by ion implantation technology. Discov Nano 2023; 18:48. [PMID: 37382729 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03819-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Generally, the inductively coupled plasma-reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) mesa technology was used to remove p-GaN/MQWs and expose n-GaN for electrical contact in a fabricated micro light-emitting diode (μLED). In this process, the exposed sidewalls were significantly damaged which result in small-sized μLED presenting a strong size-dependent influence. Lower emission intensity was observed in the μLED chip, which can be attributed to the effect of sidewall defect during etch processing. To reduce the non-radiative recombination, the ion implantation using an As+ source to substitute the ICP-RIE mesa process was introduced in this study. The ion implantation technology was used to isolate each chip to achieve the mesa process in the μLED fabrication. Finally, the As+ implant energy was optimized at 40 keV, which exhibited excellent current-voltage characteristics, including low forward voltage (3.2 V @1 mA) and low leakage current (10-9 A@- 5 V) of InGaN blue μLEDs. The gradual multi-energy implantation process from 10 to 40 keV can further improve the electrical properties (3.1 V @1 mA) of μLEDs, and the leakage current was also maintained at 10-9 A@- 5 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Hsu
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Xinzhu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Han Wang
- Institute of Electronics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Xinzhu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Xin-Dai Lin
- Institute of Electronics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Xinzhu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Hsin Lin
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Xinzhu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Dong-Sing Wuu
- Department of Applied Materials and Optoelectronic Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, 54561, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ray-Hua Horng
- Institute of Electronics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Xinzhu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC.
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Priyadarshini E, Pandey S, Rawat K. Gold-carbon dot (Au@Cd) nanoconjugates based electrochemical sensing of cholesterol and effect of nitrogen ion implantation on sensitivity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 655:97-103. [PMID: 36934590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Serum cholesterol dysregulation is associated with prognosis and diagnosis of many diseases and effective biosensor will improvise their management. A novel electrochemical biosensor was fabricated based on gelatin-Au@CD nanoconjugate films for cholesterol detection. Initially, the surface of indium titanium oxide (ITO) coated glass was modified by drop casting of gelatin-Au@CD nanoconjugates to prepare the electrodes. Electrochemical studies for detection of bioanalytes(such as urea (U), ascorbic acid (AA), oxalic acid (OA), gallic acid (GA), cholesterol (Chox), dextrose (D), l-cysteine (Cys) and citric acid (CA)) were performed using cyclic voltammetry. The presence of nanoconjugates provided an appropriate environment for enhanced electrochemical response for cholesterol. These electrodes exhibited a linear response towards the presence of cholesterol in the linear concentration range of 2-20 mM with a correlation coefficient of 0.95, and the superior sensitivity of 1.36 μA/mM/cm2. Additionally, enhanced sensitivity (2.99 μA/mM/cm2) of nitrogen ion irradiated films up to a fluence of 1016 ions/cm2 was noticed because of morphological changes in the electrode surface brought about by irradiation. Approximately 54% enhancement was found when the ion fluence was 1016 ions/cm2. The designed nanoconjugate electrode showed excellent response towards cholesterol sensing and eliminates the requirement of any enzymes making the overall process simpler, cost-effective and allows for room temperature storage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saurabh Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
| | - Kamla Rawat
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
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Wan R, Wang X, Lei L, Hu G, Tang H, Gu H. Enhanced anti-microbial activity and osseointegration of Ta/Cu co-implanted polyetheretherketone. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 218:112719. [PMID: 35917690 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been widely applied for orthopedic and oral implants due to its excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and radiolucency. However, its bioinert and the lack of anti-microbial activity limit its application. We modified the PEEK surface with Ta/Cu co-implantation using plasma immersion ion-implantation technology. After implantation of Ta/Cu ions, the morphology and roughness of the PEEK surface were not significantly changed at micron level. We estimated the cytocompatibility, anti-microbial ability, and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) of the modified surfaces in vitro. Compared to the untreated surfaces, the Ta ion-treated surface showed improved adhesion, proliferation, ALP activity, ECM mineralization, and osteogenic gene expression of BMSCs. Further, the Cu ion-treated surface showed reduced initial adhesion and proliferation of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus in the mouse subcutaneous implant-associated infection model. According to a rat bone repair model, all Ta ion-implanted groups demonstrated improved new bone formation. In summary, Ta/Cu ion co-impanation improved anti-microbial activity and promoted osseointegration of the PEEK surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxin Wan
- Central Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Central Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Li Lei
- Central Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Guoying Hu
- Central Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Huiqing Tang
- Central Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Hanqing Gu
- Central Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China.
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Mertes F, Kneip N, Heinke R, Kieck T, Studer D, Weber F, Röttger S, Röttger A, Wendt K, Walther C. Ion implantation of 226Ra for a primary 222Rn emanation standard. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 181:110093. [PMID: 34995841 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.110093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Laser resonance ionization at the RISIKO 30 kV mass separator has been used to produce isotopically and isobarically pure and well quantified 222Rn emanation standards. Based upon laser-spectroscopic preparation studies, ion implantation into aluminum and tungsten targets has been carried out, providing overall implantation efficiencies of 40% up to 60%. The absolute implanted activity of 226Ra was determined by the technique of defined solid-angle α-particle spectrometry, where excellent energy resolution was observed. The 222Rn emanation coefficient of the produced targets was studied using α-particle and γ-ray spectrometry, and yielded results between 0.23 and 0.34, with relative uncertainty on the order of 1%. No dependence exceeding a 1% change of the emanation on humidity could be identified in the range of 15 %rH to 75 %rH, whereas there were hints of a slight correlation between the emanation and temperature. Additionally, and as expected, the emanation coefficient was found to be dependent on the target material as well as the implanted dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Mertes
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Nina Kneip
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Physik, Staudingerweg 7, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Reinhard Heinke
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Physik, Staudingerweg 7, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tom Kieck
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Physik, Staudingerweg 7, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dominik Studer
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Physik, Staudingerweg 7, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Felix Weber
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Physik, Staudingerweg 7, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Röttger
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Annette Röttger
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Klaus Wendt
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Physik, Staudingerweg 7, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Clemens Walther
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz, 30419, Hannover, Germany
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Bake A, Rahman MR, Evans PJ, Cortie M, Nancarrow M, Abrudan R, Radu F, Khaydukov Y, Causer G, Livesey KL, Callori S, Mitchell DRG, Pastuovic Z, Wang X, Cortie D. Ultra-small cobalt particles embedded in titania by ion beam synthesis: Additional datasets including electron microscopy, neutron reflectometry, modelling outputs and particle size analysis. Data Brief 2021; 40:107674. [PMID: 34917713 PMCID: PMC8668830 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This Data-in-brief article includes datasets of electron microscopy, polarised neutron reflectometry and magnetometry for ultra-small cobalt particles formed in titania thin films via ion beam synthesis. Raw data for polarised neutron reflectometry, magnetometry and the particle size distribution are included and made available on a public repository. Additional elemental maps from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) are also presented. Data were obtained using the following types of equipment: the NREX and PLATYPUS polarised neutron reflectometers; a Quantum Design Physical Property Measurement System (14 T); a JEOL JSM-6490LV SEM, and a JEOL ARM-200F scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). The data is provided as supporting evidence for the article in Applied Surface Science (A. Bake et al., Appl. Surf. Sci., vol. 570, p. 151068, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.151068), where a full discussion is given. The additional supplementary reflectometry and modelling datasets are intended to assist future scientific software development of advanced fitting algorithms for magnetization gradients in thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhakim Bake
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW 2519, Australia.,Electron Microscopy Centre, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW, 2519, Australia
| | - Md Rezoanur Rahman
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW 2519, Australia
| | - Peter J Evans
- The Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2232, Australia
| | - Michael Cortie
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | - Mitchell Nancarrow
- Electron Microscopy Centre, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW, 2519, Australia
| | - Radu Abrudan
- BESSY, Hahn-Meitner-Platz Ultra-small cobalt particles embedded 1, D-14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florin Radu
- BESSY, Hahn-Meitner-Platz Ultra-small cobalt particles embedded 1, D-14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yury Khaydukov
- Max Planck Society, Outstation at the MLZ, 85748 Garching Germany/Max Planck Institute für Festkörperforschung, Stuttgart, 70569 Germany
| | - Grace Causer
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW 2519, Australia
| | - Karen L Livesey
- The University of Newcastle, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Sara Callori
- Department of Physics, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - David R G Mitchell
- Electron Microscopy Centre, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW, 2519, Australia
| | - Zeljko Pastuovic
- The Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2232, Australia
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW 2519, Australia
| | - David Cortie
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW 2519, Australia.,The Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2232, Australia
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Lee MK, Lee H, Park C, Kang IG, Kim J, Kim HE, Jung HD, Jang TS. Accelerated biodegradation of iron-based implants via tantalum-implanted surface nanostructures. Bioact Mater 2022; 9:239-50. [PMID: 34820568 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, pure iron (Fe) has attracted significant attention as a promising biodegradable orthopedic implant material due to its excellent mechanical and biological properties. However, in physiological conditions, Fe has an extremely slow degradation rate with localized and irregular degradation, which is problematic for practical applications. In this study, we developed a novel combination of a nanostructured surface topography and galvanic reaction to achieve uniform and accelerated degradation of an Fe implant. The target-ion induced plasma sputtering (TIPS) technique was applied on the Fe implant to introduce biologically compatible and electrochemically noble tantalum (Ta) onto its surface and develop surface nano-galvanic couples. Electrochemical tests revealed that the uniformly distributed nano-galvanic corrosion cells of the TIPS-treated sample (nano Ta–Fe) led to relatively uniform and accelerated surface degradation compared to that of bare Fe. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of nano Ta–Fe remained almost constant during a long-term in vitro immersion test (~40 weeks). Biocompatibility was also assessed on surfaces of bare Fe and nano Ta–Fe using in vitro osteoblast responses through direct and indirect contact assays and an in vivo rabbit femur medullary cavity implantation model. The results revealed that nano Ta–Fe not only enhanced cell adhesion and spreading on its surface, but also exhibited no signs of cellular or tissue toxicity. These results demonstrate the immense potential of Ta-implanted surface nanostructures as an effective solution for the practical application of Fe-based orthopedic implants, ensuring long-term biosafety and clinical efficacy. The degradation rate of nanostructured Fe implants was accelerated by TIPS technique. Ta ions were accelerated strongly toward the Fe surface by TIPS process. Nano Ta–Fe showed long-term mechanical stability and accelerated degradation rate. Nanostructured Ta–Fe surface showed enhanced in vitro and in vivo cellular responses. Ta-implanted Fe is a promising material for biodegradable orthopedic implants.
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Eder K, Bhatia V, Qu J, Van Leer B, Dutka M, Cairney JM. A multi-ion plasma FIB study: Determining ion implantation depths of Xe, N, O and Ar in tungsten via atom probe tomography. Ultramicroscopy 2021; 228:113334. [PMID: 34102569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2021.113334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study atom probe tomography was used to determine the implantation depth of four different plasma FIB ion species - xenon, argon, nitrogen, and oxygen - implanted at different acceleration voltages. It was found that lowering the beam energy reduces the implantation depth, but significant implantation was still observed for N, O and Ar at beam energies as low as 2 kV. Furthermore, nitrides and oxides were observed that were formed when using N and O. Xe had the lowest implantation depth compared to Ar, N and O when using the same conditions. No Xe ions were detected in the sample prepared at 2 kV. Experimentally-determined implantation depths were compared to calculated implantation depths. The experiments exhibited deeper-than-predicted ion implantation into the microstructure, but lower-than-predicted ion concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Eder
- Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, Sydney Australia; School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney Australia.
| | - Vijay Bhatia
- Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, Sydney Australia
| | - Jiangtao Qu
- Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, Sydney Australia; School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney Australia
| | - Brandon Van Leer
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 5350 NE Dawson Creek Drive, Hillsboro OR USA
| | | | - Julie M Cairney
- Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, Sydney Australia; School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney Australia
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Brantley WA. Evolution, clinical applications, and prospects of nickel-titanium alloys for orthodontic purposes. J World Fed Orthod 2020; 9:S19-S26. [PMID: 33023727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This review article presents an evolution of the nickel-titanium wires for orthodontics, following their introduction by the pioneering studies of Andreasen. The original nonsuperelastic wires were followed by the introduction of superelastic Japanese NiTi wire by Miura and colleagues and Chinese NiTi wire by Burstone and colleagues. Subsequently, new nickel-titanium wires with true shape memory in the oral environment were introduced. Manufacturers have marketed special heat-treated wires with variable force delivery at different positions along the archwire. Ion implantation and other surface modification techniques have been used by manufacturers to reduce in vivo nickel release from the nickel-titanium wires, provide a more esthetic appearance, decrease friction, and improve corrosion resistance. The use of several research techniques to provide supporting information about the structures and transformations, mechanical properties, and clinical failure for the different types of the nickel-titanium wires are summarized. The evolution of the ADA/ISO standard for evaluation of these wires is also described. The closing section focuses on the use of surface modification and special coatings for the nickel-titanium wires, a major recent and ongoing area of active research.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Brantley
- Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
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12
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Xia C, Ma X, Zhang X, Li K, Tan J, Qiao Y, Liu X. Enhanced physicochemical and biological properties of C/Cu dual ions implanted medical titanium. Bioact Mater 2020; 5:377-386. [PMID: 32211565 PMCID: PMC7083793 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It is increasingly popular for titanium and its alloys to be utilized as the medical implants. However, their bio-inert nature and lack of antibacterial ability limit their applications. In this work, by utilizing plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (PIII&D) technology, the titanium surface was modified by C/Cu co-implantation. The mechanical property, corrosion resistance, antibacterial ability and cytocompatibility of modified samples were studied. Results indicate that after C/Cu co-implantation, copper nanoparticles were observed on the surface of titanium, and titanium carbide existed on the near surface region of titanium. The modified surface displayed good mechanical property and corrosion resistance. The Cu/C galvanic corrosion existed on the titanium surface implanted by C/Cu dual ions, and release of copper ions can be effectively controlled by the galvanic corrosion effect. Moreover, improved antibacterial performance of titanium surface can be achieved without cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaohan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Cixi Center of Biomaterials Surface Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315300, China
| | - Xianming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Kunqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ji Tan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuqin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Cixi Center of Biomaterials Surface Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315300, China
| | - Xuanyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Cixi Center of Biomaterials Surface Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315300, China
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Barysheva MM, Chkhalo NI, Drozdov MN, Mikhailenko MS, Pestov AE, Salashchenko NN, Vainer YA, Yunin PA, Zorina MV. X-ray scattering by the fused silica surface etched by low-energy Ar ions. J Xray Sci Technol 2019; 27:857-870. [PMID: 31282467 DOI: 10.3233/xst-190495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Anomalously high x-ray scattering at a wavelength of 0.154 nm by super-polished substrates of fused silica, which were etched by the argon ions with the energy of 300 eV, is detected. The scattering intensity increases monotonically with increasing of the etching depth. The effect is explained by the scattering on the volume inhomogeneities with the lateral size greater than 0.5 μm of the subsurface "damaged" layer. The concentration of volume inhomogeneities increases with the increase of the fluence of argon ions, but the concentration of implanted argon atoms in the layer quickly reaches the maximum value and then begins a trend of going down. The thickness of the "damaged" layer is approximately equal to the penetration depth of the Ar atoms and can be directly determined from the x-ray specular reflection. It is shown that the presence of volume inhomogeneities of the subsurface "damaged" layer does not affect the geometric roughness of the surface. The observed effect imposes limitations on the usage of grazing incidence x-ray optics without reflective coatings and of the diffuse x-ray scattering (DXRS) method for studying the substrate roughness. A new method that potentially enables to evaluate the applicability of the DXRS method in practice is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Barysheva
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - N I Chkhalo
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - M N Drozdov
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - M S Mikhailenko
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - A E Pestov
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - N N Salashchenko
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Y A Vainer
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - P A Yunin
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - M V Zorina
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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Kulik M, Kołodyńska D, Bayramov A, Drozdziel A, Olejniczak A, Żuk J. Dielectric functions, chemical and atomic compositions of the near surface layers of implanted GaAs by In + ions. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 198:222-231. [PMID: 29547824 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The surfaces of (100) GaAs were irradiated with In+ ions. The implanted samples were isobaric annealed at 800°C and then of dielectric function, the surface atomic concentrations of atoms and also the chemical composition of the near surface layers in these implanted semiconductor samples were obtained. The following investigation methods were used: spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), Rutherford backscattering spectrometry analyses (RBSA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) in the study of the above mentioned quantities, respectively. The change of the shape spectra of the dielectric functions at about 3.0eV phonon energy, diffusion of In+ ions as well as chemical composition changes were observed after ion implantation and the thermal treatment. Due to displacement of Ga ions from GaAs by the In+ ions the new chemical compound InAs was formed. The relative amounts Ga2O3 and As2O3 ratio increase in the native oxide layers with the fluences increase after the thermal treatment of the samples. Additionally, it was noticed that the quantities of InO2 increase with the increasing values of the irradiated ions before thermal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kulik
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, St. 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow 141980, Russia; Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Sq. 1 Maria Curie-Skłodowska, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
| | - D Kołodyńska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Sq. 2 Maria Curie-Skłodowska, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - A Bayramov
- Institute of Physics, ANAS, AZ-1143 Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - A Drozdziel
- Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Sq. 1 Maria Curie-Skłodowska, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - A Olejniczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, St. Gagarina 7, Toruń, Poland
| | - J Żuk
- Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Sq. 1 Maria Curie-Skłodowska, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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15
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Kurpaska L, Jasinski J, Wyszkowska E, Nowakowska-Langier K, Sitarz M. Influence of Ar- ion implantation on the structural and mechanical properties of zirconia as studied by Raman spectroscopy and nanoindentation techniques. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 195:184-190. [PMID: 29414577 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, structural and nanomechanical properties of zirconia polymorphs induced by ion irradiation were investigated by means of Raman spectroscopy and nanoindentation techniques. The zirconia layer have been produced by high temperature oxidation of pure zirconium at 600 °C for 5 h at normal atmospheric pressure. In order to distinguish between the internal and external parts of zirconia, the spherical metallographic sections have been prepared. The samples were irradiated at room temperature with 150 keV Ar+ ions at fluences ranging from 1 × 1015 to 1 × 1017 ions/cm2. The main objective of this study was to distinguish and confirm different structural and mechanical properties between the interface layer and fully developed scale in the internal/external part of the oxide. Conducted studies suggest that increasing ion fluence impacts Raman bands positions (especially characteristic for tetragonal phase) and increases the nanohardness and Young's modulus of individual phases. This phenomenon has been examined from the point of view of stress-induced hardening effect and classical monoclinic → tetragonal (m → t) martensitic phase transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kurpaska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, st. Andrzeja Soltana 7, 05-400 Swierk, Poland.
| | - J Jasinski
- Czestochowa University of Technology, Institute of Logistics and International Management, av. Armi Krajowej 19, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - E Wyszkowska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, st. Andrzeja Soltana 7, 05-400 Swierk, Poland
| | - K Nowakowska-Langier
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, st. Andrzeja Soltana 7, 05-400 Swierk, Poland
| | - M Sitarz
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, av. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
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Smirnov AB, Savkina RK, Udovytska RS, Gudymenko OI, Kladko VP, Korchovyi AA. Ion Beam Nanostructuring of HgCdTe Ternary Compound. Nanoscale Res Lett 2017; 12:320. [PMID: 28472869 PMCID: PMC5413464 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2093-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Systematic study of mercury cadmium telluride thin films subjected to the ion beam bombardment was carried out. The evolution of surface morphology of (111) Hg1 - x Cd x Te (x ~ 0.223) epilayers due to 100 keV B+ and Ag+ ion irradiation was studied by AFM and SEM methods. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction methods were used for the investigation of the chemical compound and structural properties of the surface and subsurface region. It was found that in the range of nanoscale, arrays of holes and mounds on Hg0.777Cd0.223Te (111) surface as well as the polycrystalline Hg1 - x Cd x Te cubic phase with alternative compound (x ~ 0.20) have been fabricated using 100 keV ion beam irradiation of the basic material. Charge transport investigation with non-stationary impedance spectroscopy method has shown that boron-implanted structures are characterized by capacity-type impedance whereas for silver-implanted structures, an inductive-type impedance (or "negative capacitance") is observed. A hybrid system, which integrates the nanostructured ternary compound (HgCdTe) with metal-oxide (Ag2O) inclusions, was fabricated by Ag+ ion bombardment. The sensitivity of such metal-oxide-semiconductor hybrid structure for sub-THz radiation was detected with NEP ~ 4.5 × 10-8 W/Hz1/2at ν ≈ 140 GHz and 296 K without amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey B. Smirnov
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 41 Prospect Nauky, Kyiv, 03028 Ukraine
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 45 Prospect Nauky, Kyiv, 03028 Ukraine
| | - Rada K. Savkina
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 41 Prospect Nauky, Kyiv, 03028 Ukraine
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 45 Prospect Nauky, Kyiv, 03028 Ukraine
| | - Ruslana S. Udovytska
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 41 Prospect Nauky, Kyiv, 03028 Ukraine
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 45 Prospect Nauky, Kyiv, 03028 Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr I. Gudymenko
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 41 Prospect Nauky, Kyiv, 03028 Ukraine
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 45 Prospect Nauky, Kyiv, 03028 Ukraine
| | - Vasyl P. Kladko
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 41 Prospect Nauky, Kyiv, 03028 Ukraine
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 45 Prospect Nauky, Kyiv, 03028 Ukraine
| | - Andrii A. Korchovyi
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 41 Prospect Nauky, Kyiv, 03028 Ukraine
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 45 Prospect Nauky, Kyiv, 03028 Ukraine
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Yu Y, Jin G, Xue Y, Wang D, Liu X, Sun J. Multifunctions of dual Zn/Mg ion co-implanted titanium on osteogenesis, angiogenesis and bacteria inhibition for dental implants. Acta Biomater 2017; 49:590-603. [PMID: 27915020 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the osseointegration and long-term survival of dental implants, it is urgent to develop a multifunctional titanium surface which would simultaneously have osteogeneic, angiogeneic and antibacterial properties. In this study, a potential dental implant material-dual Zn/Mg ion co-implanted titanium (Zn/Mg-PIII) was developed via plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII). The Zn/Mg-PIII surfaces were found to promote initial adhesion and spreading of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) via the upregulation of the gene expression of integrin α1 and integrin β1. More importantly, it was revealed that Zn/Mg-PIII could increase Zn2+ and Mg2+ concentrations in rBMSCs by promoting the influx of Zn2+ and Mg2+ and inhibiting the outflow of Zn2+, and then could enhance the transcription of Runx2 and the expression of ALP and OCN. Meanwhile, Mg2+ ions from Zn/Mg-PIII increased Mg2+ influx by upregulating the expression of MagT1 transporter in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and then stimulated the transcription of VEGF and KDR via activation of hypoxia inducing factor (HIF)-1α, thus inducing angiogenesis. In addition to this, it was discovered that zinc in Zn/Mg-PIII had certain inhibitory effects on oral anaerobic bacteria (Pg, Fn and Sm). Finally, the Zn/Mg-PIII implants were implanted in rabbit femurs for 4 and 12weeks with Zn-PIII, Mg-PIII and pure titanium as controls. Micro-CT evaluation, sequential fluorescent labeling, histological analysis and push-out test consistently demonstrated that Zn/Mg-PIII implants exhibit superior capacities for enhancing bone formation, angiogenesis and osseointegration, while consequently increasing the bonding strength at bone-implant interfaces. All these results suggest that due to the multiple functions co-produced by zinc and magnesium, rapid osseointegration and sustained biomechanical stability are enhanced by the novel Zn/Mg-PIII implants, which have the potential application in dental implantation in the future. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In order to enhance the rapid osseointegration and long-term survival of dental implants, various works on titanium surface modification have been carried out. However, only improving osteogenic activity of implants is not enough, because angiogenesis and bacteria inhibition are also very important for dental implants. In the present study, a novel dental implant material-dual Zn/Mg ion co-implanted titanium (Zn/Mg-PIII) was developed, which was found to have superior osteoinductivity, pro-angiogenic effects and inhibitory effects against oral anaerobes. Furthermore, synergistic effects of Zn/Mg ions on osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs and the possible mechanism were discovered. In addition, rapid osseointegration and sustained biomechanical stability are greatly enhanced by Zn/Mg-PIII implants, which may have the potential application in dental implantation in the future. We believe this paper may be of particular interest to the readers.
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Morozov O, Zhurba V, Neklyudov I, Mats O, Progolaieva V, Boshko V. Structural Transformations in Austenitic Stainless Steel Induced by Deuterium Implantation: Irradiation at 295 K. Nanoscale Res Lett 2016; 11:44. [PMID: 26831682 PMCID: PMC4735101 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Deuterium thermal desorption spectra were investigated on the samples of austenitic steel 18Cr10NiTi pre-implanted at 295 K with deuterium ions in the dose range from 8 × 10(14) to 2.7 × 10(18) D/cm(2). The kinetics of structural transformation development in the steel layer was traced from deuterium thermodesorption spectra as a function of deuterium concentration. Three characteristic regions with different low rates of deuterium amount desorption as the implantation dose increases were revealed: I-the linear region of low implantation doses (up to 1 × 10(17) D/cm(2)); II-the nonlinear region of medium implantation doses (1 × 10(17) to 8 × 10(17) D/cm(2)); III-the linear region of high implantation doses (8 × 10(17) to 2.7 × 10(18) D/cm(2)). During the process of deuterium ion irradiation, the coefficient of deuterium retention in steel varies in discrete steps. Each of the discrete regions of deuterium retention coefficient variation corresponds to different implanted-matter states formed during deuterium ion implantation. The low-dose region is characterized by formation of deuterium-vacancy complexes and solid-solution phase state of deuterium in the steel. The total concentration of the accumulated deuterium in this region varies between 2.5 and 3 at.%. The medium-dose region is characterized by the radiation-induced action on the steel in the presence of deuterium with the resulting formation of the energy-stable nanosized crystalline structure of steel, having a developed network of intercrystalline boundaries. The basis for this developed network of intercrystalline boundaries is provided by the amorphous state, which manifests itself in the thermodesorption spectra as a widely temperature-scale extended region of deuterium desorption (structure formation with a varying activation energy). The total concentration of the accumulated deuterium in the region of medium implantation doses makes 7 to 8 at.%. The resulting structure shows stability against the action of deuterium ion implantation. This manifests itself in a nearly complete ceasing of deuterium accumulation from a newly implanted dose (radiation-resistant structure).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Morozov
- National Science Center "Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology", 1, Akademichna St., UA-61108, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
| | - Volodymir Zhurba
- National Science Center "Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology", 1, Akademichna St., UA-61108, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Ivan Neklyudov
- National Science Center "Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology", 1, Akademichna St., UA-61108, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Mats
- National Science Center "Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology", 1, Akademichna St., UA-61108, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Viktoria Progolaieva
- National Science Center "Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology", 1, Akademichna St., UA-61108, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Valerian Boshko
- National Science Center "Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology", 1, Akademichna St., UA-61108, Kharkiv, Ukraine
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Shanthini GM, Sakthivel N, Menon R, Nabhiraj PY, Gómez-Tejedor JA, Meseguer-Dueñas JM, Gómez Ribelles JL, Krishna JBM, Kalkura SN. Surface stiffening and enhanced photoluminescence of ion implanted cellulose - polyvinyl alcohol - silica composite. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 153:619-630. [PMID: 27561534 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel Cellulose (Cel) reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-Silica (Si) composite which has good stability and in vitro degradation was prepared by lyophilization technique and implanted using N(3+) ions of energy 24keV in the fluences of 1×10(15), 5×10(15) and 1×10(16)ions/cm(2). SEM analysis revealed the formation of microstructures, and improved the surface roughness on ion implantation. In addition to these structural changes, the implantation significantly modified the luminescent, thermal and mechanical properties of the samples. The elastic modulus of the implanted samples has increased by about 50 times compared to the pristine which confirms that the stiffness of the sample surface has increased remarkably on ion implantation. The photoluminescence of the native cellulose has improved greatly due to defect site, dangling bonds and hydrogen passivation. Electric conductivity of the ion implanted samples was improved by about 25%. Hence, low energy ion implantation tunes the mechanical property, surface roughness and further induces the formation of nano structures. MG63 cells seeded onto the scaffolds reveals that with the increase in implantation fluence, the cell attachment, viability and proliferation have improved greatly compared to pristine. The enhancement of cell growth of about 59% was observed in the implanted samples compared to pristine. These properties will enable the scaffolds to be ideal for bone tissue engineering and imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Shanthini
- Crystal Growth Centre, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - N Sakthivel
- Crystal Growth Centre, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Ranjini Menon
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (VECC), Kolkata 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - P Y Nabhiraj
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (VECC), Kolkata 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - J A Gómez-Tejedor
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, CBIT, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - J M Meseguer-Dueñas
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, CBIT, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Ciber en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - J L Gómez Ribelles
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, CBIT, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Ciber en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - J B M Krishna
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700098, West Bengal, India
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Nguyen TK, Le KQ, Canimoglu A, Can N. Broadband luminescence of Cu nanoparticles fabricated in SiO2 by ion implantation. Appl Radiat Isot 2016; 115:109-112. [PMID: 27344525 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate optical properties of metal nanoparticle crystals fabricated by implanting copper (Cu) ions into single silica (SiO2) crystals with 400keV at various ion doses. The Cu implanted SiO2 (SiO2:Cu) crystal produces a broadband luminescence emission, ranging from blue to yellow, and having a blue luminescence peak at 546nm. Such anomalous luminescence emission bands suggest that the ion implantation may give rise to aggregation of Cu nanoparticles in the host matrix. The boundary element method-based modelling of a given Cu nanoparticle aggregation was employed to justify the broadband luminescence emission. Formation of Cu nanoparticles in SiO2 is predicted through their optical absorption data. The experimental results are compared with results of Mie calculations and we observe that the higher ion dose produces the larger particle size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong Khang Nguyen
- Division of Computational Physics, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Khai Q Le
- Division of Computational Physics, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Adil Canimoglu
- Nigde University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Physics Department, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Nurdogan Can
- Physics Department, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics, Muradiye-Manisa, Turkey.
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Aloysius AP, Vijayalakshmi D, Deepika, Soundararajan NK, Manohar VN, Khan N. Comparative Evaluation of Frictional Properties, Load Deflection Rate and Surface Characteristics of Different Coloured TMA Archwires - An Invitro Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 9:ZC26-9. [PMID: 26816988 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/16117.6962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During tooth movement the success of sliding mechanics is dependent upon various factors which include frictional resistance at bracket-archwire interface, surface roughness of archwire materials and elastic properties of archwires. Ion implantation techniques reduce the frictional force and allow better tooth movement clinically. AIM The main objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the frictional properties, load deflection rate and surface characteristics of Honey dew and Purple coloured (Ion implanted) TMA wires with uncoated TMA wires. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen archwire samples were divided into three groups comprising of five samples in each group namely, Group I - Uncoated TMA wires (Control), Group II - Purple coloured TMA wires and Group III- Honey dew TMA wires. Friction and load deflection rate testing were performed with the Instron Universal testing machine and the surface characteristics of the wires were evaluated before and after sliding using Scanning Electron Microscope. RESULTS The mean frictional characteristics and surface roughness for Honey dew TMA wires was lesser than Purple coloured TMA wires which was statistically significant. Both the coloured TMA wires showed low frictional characteristics and less surface roughness than uncoated TMA wires (the control). The mean load deflection rate was low for both coloured ion implanted TMA wires when compared to uncoated TMA wires which was statistically significant. CONCLUSION Coloured ion implanted TMA wires, especially Honey dew TMA wires have low friction, low load deflection rate and improved surface finish. Hence they can be used in frictionless as well as sliding mechanics, where uncoated TMA wires are inefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Devaki Vijayalakshmi
- Professor and Head, Department of Orthodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College & Hospital , Maduravoyal, Chennai, India
| | - Deepika
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Mardaselios Dental College , Kothamangalam, Kerala
| | | | - Vijaykumar Neelam Manohar
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College & Hospital , Maduravoyal, Chennai, India
| | - Nayeemullah Khan
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College & Hospital , Maduravoyal, Chennai, India
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Abstract
Dispersions of nanoscale Pb particles embedded in Si, Al, and Cu matrices have been synthesized by ion implantation and subsequent annealing. The melting transitions of the embedded Pb nanocrystals with epitaxial particle/matrix interfaces were investigated by means of in situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction. Due to different levels of lattice mismatch, the Pb nanoprecipitates experience a different elastic strain in different matrices. Further analysis on the lattice constants of the embedded Pb nanocrystals gives unambiguous evidence of the strain-related pressure effect, which is particle size and matrix dependent, on tuning of the melting behavior of the embedded Pb nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, P. O. Box 919-71, Mianyang, 621900, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongzhi Zhu
- Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, P. O. Box 919-71, Mianyang, 621900, People's Republic of China.
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Morozov O, Zhurba V, Neklyudov I, Mats O, Rud A, Chernyak N, Progolaieva V. Structural transformations in austenitic stainless steel induced by deuterium implantation: irradiation at 100 K. Nanoscale Res Lett 2015; 10:154. [PMID: 25852440 PMCID: PMC4385328 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-0852-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 10/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Deuterium thermal desorption spectra were investigated on the samples of austenitic stainless steel 18Cr10NiTi preimplanted at 100 K with deuterium ions in the dose range from 3 × 10(15) to 5 × 10(18) D/cm(2). The kinetics of structural transformation development in the implantation steel layer was traced from deuterium thermodesorption spectra as a function of implanted deuterium concentration. At saturation of austenitic stainless steel 18Cr10NiTi with deuterium by means of ion implantation, structural-phase changes take place, depending on the dose of implanted deuterium. The maximum attainable concentration of deuterium in steel is C = 1 (at.D/at.met. = 1/1). The increase in the implanted dose of deuterium is accompanied by the increase in the retained deuterium content, and as soon as the deuterium concentration attains C ≈ 0.5 the process of shear martensitic structural transformation in steel takes place. It includes the formation of bands, body-centered cubic (bcc) crystal structure, and the ferromagnetic phase. Upon reaching the deuterium concentration C > 0.5, the presence of these molecules causes shear martensitic structural transformations in the steel, which include the formation of characteristic bands, bcc crystal structure, and the ferromagnetic phase. At C ≥ 0.5, two hydride phases are formed in the steel, the decay temperatures of which are 240 and 275 K. The hydride phases are formed in the bcc structure resulting from the martensitic structural transformation in steel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Morozov
- />National Science Center “Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology”, 1, Akademichna Street, 61108 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Zhurba
- />National Science Center “Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology”, 1, Akademichna Street, 61108 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Ivan Neklyudov
- />National Science Center “Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology”, 1, Akademichna Street, 61108 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Mats
- />National Science Center “Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology”, 1, Akademichna Street, 61108 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Aleksandr Rud
- />Institute for Metal Physics of NASU, 36 Academician Vernadsky Boulevard, 03142 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Nikolay Chernyak
- />National Science Center “Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology”, 1, Akademichna Street, 61108 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Viktoria Progolaieva
- />National Science Center “Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology”, 1, Akademichna Street, 61108 Kharkiv, Ukraine
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Liu X, Cao Y, Zhao M, Deng J, Li X, Li D. The enhanced anticoagulation for graphene induced by COOH(+) ion implantation. Nanoscale Res Lett 2015; 10:14. [PMID: 25852312 PMCID: PMC4312311 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-014-0705-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Graphene may have attractive properties for some biomedical applications, but its potential adverse biological effects, in particular, possible modulation when it comes in contact with blood, require further investigation. Little is known about the influence of exposure to COOH(+)-implanted graphene (COOH(+)/graphene) interacting with red blood cells and platelets. In this paper, COOH(+)/graphene was prepared by modified Hummers' method and implanted by COOH(+) ions. The structure and surface chemical and physical properties of COOH(+)/graphene were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle measurement. Systematic evaluation of anticoagulation, including in vitro platelet adhesion assays and hemolytic assays, proved that COOH(+)/graphene has significant anticoagulation. In addition, at the dose of 5 × 10(17) ions/cm(2), COOH(+)/graphene responded best on platelet adhesion, aggregation, and platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Liu
- Energy & Materials Engineering Centre, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387 China
| | - Ye Cao
- Energy & Materials Engineering Centre, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387 China
| | - Mengli Zhao
- Energy & Materials Engineering Centre, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387 China
| | - Jianhua Deng
- Energy & Materials Engineering Centre, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387 China
| | - Xifei Li
- Energy & Materials Engineering Centre, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387 China
| | - Dejun Li
- Energy & Materials Engineering Centre, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387 China
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25
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Romanyuk B, Melnik V, Popov V, Babich V, Kladko V, Gudymenko O, Ilchenko V, Vasyliev I, Goriachko A. Structural and electrical properties of oxygen complexes in Cz and FZ silicon crystals implanted with carbon ions. Nanoscale Res Lett 2014; 9:693. [PMID: 27233647 PMCID: PMC4967622 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We present a comparative study of thermal donor (TD) center formation mechanisms as a result of carbon ion implantation into float zone (FZ-Si) and Czochralski (Cz-Si) silicon crystals. The kinetics of the TD center formation and transformation of their structure during annealing have been investigated. Also, the TD center formation takes place after additional oxygen implantation into FZ/Cz-Si, and an important role of recoil oxygen atoms (from the screen oxide) has been demonstrated for the FZ-Si case. Their concentration in the Si surface layer depends on the implantation dose and the screen oxide thickness, reaching up to values 10(18) to 10(19) cm(-3), which is comparable with the oxygen concentration in Cz-Si. These oxygen atoms can lead to additional thermal donor centers generation, especially in the FZ-Si. PACS 34.50.Dy; 61.10.-i; 68.35.Dv.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Romanyuk
- V. Lashkarev Institute of Semiconductor Physics NAS of Ukraine, 41 Prospect Nauki, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Victor Melnik
- V. Lashkarev Institute of Semiconductor Physics NAS of Ukraine, 41 Prospect Nauki, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Valentin Popov
- V. Lashkarev Institute of Semiconductor Physics NAS of Ukraine, 41 Prospect Nauki, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Vilik Babich
- V. Lashkarev Institute of Semiconductor Physics NAS of Ukraine, 41 Prospect Nauki, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Vasyl Kladko
- V. Lashkarev Institute of Semiconductor Physics NAS of Ukraine, 41 Prospect Nauki, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Olexandr Gudymenko
- V. Lashkarev Institute of Semiconductor Physics NAS of Ukraine, 41 Prospect Nauki, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Volodimir Ilchenko
- Institute of High Technologies of Kyiv National T. Shevchenko University, 2 Glushkov av, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Iegor Vasyliev
- Institute of High Technologies of Kyiv National T. Shevchenko University, 2 Glushkov av, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Andrii Goriachko
- Institute of High Technologies of Kyiv National T. Shevchenko University, 2 Glushkov av, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
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26
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Wang H, Zhu H. Size evolution of ion beam synthesized Pb nanoparticles in Al. Nanoscale Res Lett 2014; 9:346. [PMID: 25114640 PMCID: PMC4112978 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The size evolution of Pb nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by ion implantation in an epitaxial Al film has been experimentally investigated. The average radius R of Pb NPs was determined as a function of implantation fluence f. The R(f) data were analyzed using various growth models. Our observations suggest that the size evolution of Pb NPs is controlled by the diffusion-limited growth kinetics (R (2)∝f). With increasing implantation current density, the diffusion coefficient of Pb atoms in Al is evident to be enhanced. By a comparative analysis of the R(f) data, values of the diffusion coefficient of Pb in Al were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, P. O. Box 919-71, Mianyang 621900, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Zhu
- Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, P. O. Box 919-71, Mianyang 621900, People’s Republic of China
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27
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Kwon YD, Lee DW, Hong SO. Magnesium vs. machined surfaced titanium - osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation. J Adv Prosthodont 2014; 6:157-64. [PMID: 25006378 PMCID: PMC4085238 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2014.6.3.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study focused on in vitro cell differentiation and surface characteristics in a magnesium coated titanium surface implanted on using a plasma ion source. MATERIALS AND METHODS 40 commercially made pure titanium discs were prepared to produce Ti oxide machined surface (M) and Mg-incorporated Ti oxide machined surface (MM). Surface properties were analyzed using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). On each surface, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red S staining for mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells, and quantitative analysis of osteoblastic gene expression, were evaluated. Actin ring formation assay and gene expression analysis of TRAP and GAPDH performing RT-PCR were performed to characterize osteoclast differentiation on mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). RESULTS MM showed similar surface morphology and surface roughness with M, but was slightly smoother after ion implantation at the micron scale. M was more hydrophobic than MM. No significant difference between surfaces on ALP activity at 7 and 14 days were observed. Real-time PCR analyses showed similar levels of mRNA expression of the osteoblast phenotype genes; osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OCN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and collagen 1 (Col 1) in cell grown on MM at 7, 14 and 21 days. Alizarin red S staining at 21 days showed no significant difference. BMMs differentiation increased in M and MM. Actin ring formation assay and gene expression analysis of TRAP showed osteoclast differentiation to be more active on MM. CONCLUSION Both M and MM have a good effect on osteoblastic cell differentiation, but MM may speed the bone remodeling process by activating on osteoclast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Dae Kwon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Won Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ok Hong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea
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28
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Jin G, Qin H, Cao H, Qian S, Zhao Y, Peng X, Zhang X, Liu X, Chu PK. Synergistic effects of dual Zn/Ag ion implantation in osteogenic activity and antibacterial ability of titanium. Biomaterials 2014; 35:7699-713. [PMID: 24947228 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) and silver (Ag) are co-implanted into titanium by plasma immersion ion implantation. A Zn containing film with Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) possessing a wide size distribution is formed on the surface and the corrosion resistance is improved due to the micro-galvanic couples formed by the implanted Zn and Ag. Not only are the initial adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs observed from the Zn/Ag implanted Ti in vitro, but also bacteria killing is achieved both in vitro and in vivo. Electrochemical polarization and ion release measurements suggest that the excellent osteogenic activity and antibacterial ability of the Zn/Ag co-implanted titanium are related to the synergistic effect resulting from the long-range interactions of the released Zn ions and short-range interactions of the embedded Ag NPs. The Zn/Ag co-implanted titanium offers both excellent osteogenic activity and antibacterial ability and has large potential in orthopedic and dental implants.
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29
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Wang Y, Liu XP, Qin GW. Orientation relationship between α-Fe precipitate and α-Al2O3 matrix in iron-implanted sapphire. Micron 2014; 62:7-10. [PMID: 24811987 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fe ions were implanted into α-Al2O3 single crystals (sapphire) at room temperature and annealed in a reducing atmosphere. The orientation relationships (ORs) between α-Fe particles and sapphire matrix were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). All the α-Fe particles have the orientation relationship (OR) of (111)α-Fe||(0001)sapphire and [11¯0]α-Fe||[112¯0]sapphire with sapphire. This OR is predicted precisely by the coincidence of reciprocal lattice points (CRLP) method. The other OR of (110)α-Fe||(0001)sapphire and [111]α-Fe||[51¯4¯0]sapphire reported before is confirmed by the same method to be one of the secondary preferred orientation relationships in the α-Fe/sapphire system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - X P Liu
- Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - G W Qin
- Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China
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30
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Shichang L, Pengpeng Z, Shaobin G, Hongxia L, Ya L, Shengnan L. Screening of lipid high producing mutant from rhodotorula glutinis by low ion implantation and study on optimization of fermentation medium. Indian J Microbiol 2013; 53:343-51. [PMID: 24426135 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-013-0361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to obtain lipid producing strain with high-yield, the wild type stain Rhodotorula glutinis was treated by low ion implantation, and optimization of fermentation medium for higher lipid yield was carried out using mutant strain. It was found that the strain had a higher positive mutation rate when the output power was 10 keV and the dose of N(+) implantation was 80 × 2.6 × 10(13) ions/cm(2). Then a high-yield mutant strain D30 was obtained through cid-heating coupling ultrasonic method and lipid yield was 3.10 g/L. Additionally, the surface response method was used to optimize fermentation medium. The three significant factors (glucose, peptone, KH2PO4) were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimized parameters of fermentation medium were as follows: glucose 73.40 g/L, peptone 1.06 g/L and KH2PO4 3.56 g/L. Finally the fermentation characteristic of high-yield mutation strain D30 was studied, when fermentation time was 10 days, which lipid yield increased to 7.81 g/L. Fatty acid composition of the lipid was determined by GC, and the most represented fatty acids of mutant D30 were C16:0 (11.4 %), C16:1 (5.66 %), C18:1 (49.3 %), and C18:2 (27.0 %).
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31
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Shichang L, Zhaoyang Z, Shaobin G, Hongxia L, Dongdong W. Mutation-Screening in l-(+)-Lactic Acid Producing Strains by Ion Implantation. Indian J Microbiol 2011; 51:138-43. [PMID: 22654154 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-011-0161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, in order to obtain some industrial strains with high yield of l-(+)-lactic acid, the wild type strain Lactobacillus casei CICC6028 was mutated by nitrogen ions implantation. By study, it was found that the high positive mutation rate was obtained when the output power was 10 keV and the dose of N(+) implantation was 50 × 2.6 × 10(13) ions/cm(2). In addition, the initial screening methods were also studied, and it was found that the transparent halos method was unavailable, for some high yield strains of l-(+)-lactic acid were missed. Then a mutant strain which was named as N-2 was isolated, its optimum fermentation temperature was 40°C and the l-(+)-lactic acid yield was 136 g/l compared to the original strain whose optimum fermentation temperature was 34°C and l-(+)-lactic acid production was 98 g/l. Finally, High Performance Liquid Chromatography method was used to analyze the purity of l-(+)-lactic acid that was produced by the mutant N-2, and the result showed the main production of N-2 was l-(+)-lactic acid.
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32
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Kanungo P, Kögler R, Werner P, Gösele U, Skorupa W. A Novel Method to Fabricate Silicon Nanowire p-n Junctions by a Combination of Ion Implantation and in-situ Doping. Nanoscale Res Lett 2009; 5:243-6. [PMID: 20651924 PMCID: PMC2893778 DOI: 10.1007/s11671-009-9472-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel method to fabricate an axial p-n junction inside <111> oriented short vertical silicon nanowires grown by molecular beam epitaxy by combining ion implantation with in-situ doping. The lower halves of the nanowires were doped in-situ with boron (concentration ~1018cm-3), while the upper halves were doubly implanted with phosphorus to yield a uniform concentration of 2 × 1019 cm-3. Electrical measurements of individually contacted nanowires showed excellent diode characteristics and ideality factors close to 2. We think that this value of ideality factors arises out of a high rate of carrier recombination through surface states in the native oxide covering the nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratyushdas Kanungo
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany.
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