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Manescu (Paltanea) V, Paltanea G, Antoniac A, Gruionu LG, Robu A, Vasilescu M, Laptoiu SA, Bita AI, Popa GM, Cocosila AL, Silviu V, Porumb A. Mechanical and Computational Fluid Dynamic Models for Magnesium-Based Implants. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:830. [PMID: 38399081 PMCID: PMC10890492 DOI: 10.3390/ma17040830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Today, mechanical properties and fluid flow dynamic analysis are considered to be two of the most important steps in implant design for bone tissue engineering. The mechanical behavior is characterized by Young's modulus, which must have a value close to that of the human bone, while from the fluid dynamics point of view, the implant permeability and wall shear stress are two parameters directly linked to cell growth, adhesion, and proliferation. In this study, we proposed two simple geometries with a three-dimensional pore network dedicated to a manufacturing route based on a titanium wire waving procedure used as an intermediary step for Mg-based implant fabrication. Implant deformation under different static loads, von Mises stresses, and safety factors were investigated using finite element analysis. The implant permeability was computed based on Darcy's law following computational fluid dynamic simulations and, based on the pressure drop, was numerically estimated. It was concluded that both models exhibited a permeability close to the human trabecular bone and reduced wall shear stresses within the biological range. As a general finding, the proposed geometries could be useful in orthopedics for bone defect treatment based on numerical analyses because they mimic the trabecular bone properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Manescu (Paltanea)
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania; (V.M.); (A.R.); (M.V.); (S.A.L.)
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Gheorghe Paltanea
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Aurora Antoniac
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania; (V.M.); (A.R.); (M.V.); (S.A.L.)
| | - Lucian Gheorghe Gruionu
- Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 13 Alexandru Ioan Cuza, RO-200585 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Alina Robu
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania; (V.M.); (A.R.); (M.V.); (S.A.L.)
| | - Marius Vasilescu
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania; (V.M.); (A.R.); (M.V.); (S.A.L.)
| | - Stefan Alexandru Laptoiu
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania; (V.M.); (A.R.); (M.V.); (S.A.L.)
| | - Ana Iulia Bita
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania; (V.M.); (A.R.); (M.V.); (S.A.L.)
| | - Georgiana Maria Popa
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, RO-410073 Oradea, Romania; (G.M.P.); (A.L.C.); (V.S.)
| | - Andreea Liliana Cocosila
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, RO-410073 Oradea, Romania; (G.M.P.); (A.L.C.); (V.S.)
| | - Vlad Silviu
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, RO-410073 Oradea, Romania; (G.M.P.); (A.L.C.); (V.S.)
| | - Anca Porumb
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, RO-410073 Oradea, Romania;
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Kapat K, Kumbhakarn S, Sable R, Gondane P, Takle S, Maity P. Peptide-Based Biomaterials for Bone and Cartilage Regeneration. Biomedicines 2024; 12:313. [PMID: 38397915 PMCID: PMC10887361 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The healing of osteochondral defects (OCDs) that result from injury, osteochondritis, or osteoarthritis and bear lesions in the cartilage and bone, pain, and loss of joint function in middle- and old-age individuals presents challenges to clinical practitioners because of non-regenerative cartilage and the limitations of current therapies. Bioactive peptide-based osteochondral (OC) tissue regeneration is becoming more popular because it does not have the immunogenicity, misfolding, or denaturation problems associated with original proteins. Periodically, reviews are published on the regeneration of bone and cartilage separately; however, none of them addressed the simultaneous healing of these tissues in the complicated heterogeneous environment of the osteochondral (OC) interface. As regulators of cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, immunomodulation, and antibacterial activity, potential therapeutic strategies for OCDs utilizing bone and cartilage-specific peptides should be examined and investigated. The main goal of this review was to study how they contribute to the healing of OCDs, either alone or in conjunction with other peptides and biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kausik Kapat
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kolkata, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Sakshi Kumbhakarn
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kolkata, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Rahul Sable
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kolkata, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Prashil Gondane
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kolkata, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Shruti Takle
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kolkata, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Pritiprasanna Maity
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Zhou Y, Wang D, Yang Y. Biodegradation and Cell Behavior of a Mg-Based Composite with Mesoporous Bioglass. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6248. [PMID: 37763526 PMCID: PMC10533000 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable magnesium (Mg) and its alloys show tremendous potential as orthopedic materials. Nevertheless, the fast degradation and insufficient osteogenic properties hinder their applications. In this study, mesoporous bioglass (MBG) with an ordered branch-like structure was synthesized via a modified sol-gel method and showed a high specific surface area of 656.45 m2/g. A Mg-based composite was prepared by introducing the MBG into a Mg matrix via powder metallurgy. Degradation tests showed that the introduction of MBG increased the adsorption sites for Ca and P ions, thus promoting the formation of a Ca-P protective layer on the Mg matrix. The Ca-P protective layer became thick and dense with an increase in the immersion time, improving the protection ability of the Mg matrix, as proven by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. Meanwhile, the Mg-based composite also exhibited excellent biocompatibility and osteogenic properties. This study demonstrated the advantages of MBG in the preparation of Mg-based bone implants and validated the feasibility of improving Mg matrix corrosion resistance and enhancing osteogenesis by introducing MBG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Construction Hydraulic Robots, Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Tongling University, Tongling 244061, China;
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Construction Hydraulic Robots, Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Tongling University, Tongling 244061, China;
| | - Youwen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Construction Hydraulic Robots, Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Tongling University, Tongling 244061, China;
- Institute of Additive Manufacturing, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
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Jacob RGM, Ervolino da Silva AC, Chaushu L, Lang NP, Borges Duailibe de Deus C, Botticelli D, Rangel Garcia Júnior I. Evaluation of Two Configurations of Hydroxyapatite and Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate in Sinus Grafts with Simultaneous Implant Installation: An Experimental Study in Rabbits. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:121. [PMID: 37232771 PMCID: PMC10217008 DOI: 10.3390/dj11050121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate peri-implant bone formation in rabbits after sinus grafting mediated by hydroxyapatite and beta-tricalcium phosphate (HA + β-TCP) in granule or paste configurations, concomitant with immediate implant installation. MATERIAL & METHODS Thirty-four rabbit maxillary sinuses were grafted with HA + β-TCP, half of which were applied in a granule and half in a paste composition. Implant placement was performed simultaneously. At 7 and 40 days postoperatively, the animals were euthanized, and samples were prepared for tomographic, microtomographic, histological, histometric (hematoxylin and eosin staining, HE), and immunohistochemical (labeling of transcription factor Runx-2 [RUNX2], vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], osteocalcin [OCN], and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase [TRAP]) analysis. Implant removal torque was also measured. RESULTS On tomography, maintenance of sinus membrane integrity was observed in both the groups. Higher values of morphometric parameters evaluated by micro-CT were found in the "paste group" after seven days. At 40 days, there were no significant differences between the groups in most of the microtomographic parameters evaluated. In histological sections stained with HE, a higher percentage of newly formed bone was observed in the "granule group" after 40 days. Similar positive immunolabeling was observed for both RUNX2 and OCN in both the experimental groups. TRAP immunolabeling was similar in both groups as well. VEGF labeling increased in the "granule group", indicating a higher osteoconductive potential in this biomaterial. Similar removal torque values were observed in both groups. Thus, the two HA + β-TCP configurations showed similar healing patterns of simultaneously installed implants adjacent to sinus floor elevation. However, significantly higher bone values were observed for the "granule configuration". CONCLUSIONS The HA + β-TCP granules and paste presentations showed favorable long-term healing results, with bone formation in similar quantities and quality adjacent to the implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Garcia Mureb Jacob
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Bonifácio 1193, Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil; (R.G.M.J.); (A.C.E.d.S.); (C.B.D.d.D.); (I.R.G.J.)
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Bonifácio 1193, Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Ervolino da Silva
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Bonifácio 1193, Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil; (R.G.M.J.); (A.C.E.d.S.); (C.B.D.d.D.); (I.R.G.J.)
| | - Liat Chaushu
- Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dentistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Niklaus Peter Lang
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Berne, CH-3010 Berne, Switzerland
| | - Ciro Borges Duailibe de Deus
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Bonifácio 1193, Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil; (R.G.M.J.); (A.C.E.d.S.); (C.B.D.d.D.); (I.R.G.J.)
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Bonifácio 1193, Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Idelmo Rangel Garcia Júnior
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Bonifácio 1193, Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil; (R.G.M.J.); (A.C.E.d.S.); (C.B.D.d.D.); (I.R.G.J.)
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Ma S, Zhang Y, Li S, Li A, Li Y, Pei D. Engineering exosomes for bone defect repair. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1091360. [PMID: 36568296 PMCID: PMC9768454 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1091360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, bone defect repair is still an intractable clinical problem. Numerous treatments have been performed, but their clinical results are unsatisfactory. As a key element of cell-free therapy, exosome is becoming a promising tool of bone regeneration in recent decades, because of its promoting osteogenesis and osteogenic differentiation function in vivo and in vitro. However, low yield, weak activity, inefficient targeting ability, and unpredictable side effects of natural exosomes have limited the clinical application. To overcome the weakness, various approaches have been applied to produce engineering exosomes by regulating their production and function at present. In this review, we will focus on the engineering exosomes for bone defect repair. By summarizing the exosomal cargos affecting osteogenesis, the strategies of engineering exosomes and properties of exosome-integrated biomaterials, this work will provide novel insights into exploring advanced engineering exosome-based cell-free therapy for bone defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ye Li
- *Correspondence: Ye Li, ; Dandan Pei,
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Zhao Z, Zhang J, Yang Z, Zhao Q. Biodegradation of HA and β-TCP Ceramics Regulated by T-Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091962. [PMID: 36145710 PMCID: PMC9502083 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradability is one of the most important properties of implantable bone biomaterials, which is directly related to material bioactivity and the osteogenic effect. How foreign body giant cells (FBGC) involved in the biodegradation of bone biomaterials are regulated by the immune system is poorly understood. Hence, this study found that β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) induced more FBGCs formation in the microenvironment (p = 0.0061) accompanied by more TNFα (p = 0.0014), IFNγ (p = 0.0024), and T-cells (p = 0.0029) than hydroxyapatite (HA), resulting in better biodegradability. The final use of T-cell depletion in mice confirmed that T-cell-mediated immune responses play a decisive role in the formation of FBGCs and promote bioceramic biodegradation. This study reveals the biological mechanism of in vivo biodegradation of implantable bone tissue engineering materials from the perspective of material-immune system interaction, which complements the mechanism of T-cells’ adaptive immunity in bone immune regulation and can be used as a theoretical basis for rational optimization of implantable material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifan Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zaibo Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi 445000, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qin Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (Q.Z.)
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Omar AM, Hassan MH, Daskalakis E, Ates G, Bright CJ, Xu Z, Powell EJ, Mirihanage W, Bartolo PJDS. Geometry-Based Computational Fluid Dynamic Model for Predicting the Biological Behavior of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13030104. [PMID: 35997442 PMCID: PMC9397055 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13030104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of biocompatible and biodegradable porous scaffolds produced via additive manufacturing is one of the most common approaches in tissue engineering. The geometric design of tissue engineering scaffolds (e.g., pore size, pore shape, and pore distribution) has a significant impact on their biological behavior. Fluid flow dynamics are important for understanding blood flow through a porous structure, as they determine the transport of nutrients and oxygen to cells and the flushing of toxic waste. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of the scaffold architecture, pore size and distribution on its biological performance using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Different blood flow velocities (BFV) induce wall shear stresses (WSS) on cells. WSS values above 30 mPa are detrimental to their growth. In this study, two scaffold designs were considered: rectangular scaffolds with uniform square pores (300, 350, and 450 µm), and anatomically designed circular scaffolds with a bone-like structure and pore size gradient (476–979 µm). The anatomically designed scaffolds provided the best fluid flow conditions, suggesting a 24.21% improvement in the biological performance compared to the rectangular scaffolds. The numerical observations are aligned with those of previously reported biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla M. Omar
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (M.H.H.); (E.D.); (G.A.); (C.J.B.); (Z.X.); (E.J.P.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.O.); (P.J.D.S.B.)
| | - Mohamed H. Hassan
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (M.H.H.); (E.D.); (G.A.); (C.J.B.); (Z.X.); (E.J.P.)
| | - Evangelos Daskalakis
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (M.H.H.); (E.D.); (G.A.); (C.J.B.); (Z.X.); (E.J.P.)
| | - Gokhan Ates
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (M.H.H.); (E.D.); (G.A.); (C.J.B.); (Z.X.); (E.J.P.)
| | - Charlie J. Bright
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (M.H.H.); (E.D.); (G.A.); (C.J.B.); (Z.X.); (E.J.P.)
| | - Zhanyan Xu
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (M.H.H.); (E.D.); (G.A.); (C.J.B.); (Z.X.); (E.J.P.)
| | - Emily J. Powell
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (M.H.H.); (E.D.); (G.A.); (C.J.B.); (Z.X.); (E.J.P.)
| | - Wajira Mirihanage
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - Paulo J. D. S. Bartolo
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (M.H.H.); (E.D.); (G.A.); (C.J.B.); (Z.X.); (E.J.P.)
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Correspondence: (A.M.O.); (P.J.D.S.B.)
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Rizzo MG, Palermo N, D’Amora U, Oddo S, Guglielmino SPP, Conoci S, Szychlinska MA, Calabrese G. Multipotential Role of Growth Factor Mimetic Peptides for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137388. [PMID: 35806393 PMCID: PMC9266819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage is characterized by a poor self-healing capacity due to its aneural and avascular nature. Once injured, it undergoes a series of catabolic processes which lead to its progressive degeneration and the onset of a severe chronic disease called osteoarthritis (OA). In OA, important alterations of the morpho-functional organization occur in the cartilage extracellular matrix, involving all the nearby tissues, including the subchondral bone. Osteochondral engineering, based on a perfect combination of cells, biomaterials and biomolecules, is becoming increasingly successful for the regeneration of injured cartilage and underlying subchondral bone tissue. To this end, recently, several peptides have been explored as active molecules and enrichment motifs for the functionalization of biomaterials due to their ability to be easily chemically synthesized, as well as their tunable physico-chemical features, low immunogenicity issues and functional group modeling properties. In addition, they have shown a good aptitude to penetrate into the tissue due to their small size and stability at room temperature. In particular, growth-factor-derived peptides can play multiple functions in bone and cartilage repair, exhibiting chondrogenic/osteogenic differentiation properties. Among the most studied peptides, great attention has been paid to transforming growth factor-β and bone morphogenetic protein mimetic peptides, cell-penetrating peptides, cell-binding peptides, self-assembling peptides and extracellular matrix-derived peptides. Moreover, recently, phage display technology is emerging as a powerful selection technique for obtaining functional peptides on a large scale and at a low cost. In particular, these peptides have demonstrated advantages such as high biocompatibility; the ability to be immobilized directly on chondro- and osteoinductive nanomaterials; and improving the cell attachment, differentiation, development and regeneration of osteochondral tissue. In this context, the aim of the present review was to go through the recent literature underlining the importance of studying novel functional motifs related to growth factor mimetic peptides that could be a useful tool in osteochondral repair strategies. Moreover, the review summarizes the current knowledge of the use of phage display peptides in osteochondral tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Rizzo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.G.R.); (N.P.); (S.O.); (S.P.P.G.)
| | - Nicoletta Palermo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.G.R.); (N.P.); (S.O.); (S.P.P.G.)
| | - Ugo D’Amora
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials—National Research Council, Viale J. F. Kennedy 54, Mostra d’Oltremare, Pad. 20, 80125 Naples, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Oddo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.G.R.); (N.P.); (S.O.); (S.P.P.G.)
| | - Salvatore Pietro Paolo Guglielmino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.G.R.); (N.P.); (S.O.); (S.P.P.G.)
| | - Sabrina Conoci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.G.R.); (N.P.); (S.O.); (S.P.P.G.)
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Marta Anna Szychlinska
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Calabrese
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.G.R.); (N.P.); (S.O.); (S.P.P.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (G.C.)
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Biomaterials for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Regeneration. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123319. [PMID: 34203989 PMCID: PMC8232756 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Periodontal and peri-implant regeneration is the technique that aims to restore the damaged tissue around teeth and implants. They are surrounded by a different apparatus, and according to it, the regenerative procedure can differ for both sites. During the last century, several biomaterials and biological mediators were proposed to achieve a complete restoration of the damaged tissues with less invasiveness and a tailored approach. Based on relevant systematic reviews and articles searched on PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases, data regarding different biomaterials were extracted and summarized. Bone grafts of different origin, membranes for guided tissue regeneration, growth factors, and stem cells are currently the foundation of the routinary clinical practice. Moreover, a tailored approach, according to the patient and specific to the involved tooth or implant, is mandatory to achieve a better result and a reduction in patient morbidity and discomfort. The aim of this review is to summarize clinical findings and future developments regarding grafts, membranes, molecules, and emerging therapies. In conclusion, tissue engineering is constantly evolving; moreover, a tailor-made approach for each patient is essential to obtain a reliable result and the combination of several biomaterials is the elective choice in several conditions.
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Commercial Bone Grafts Claimed as an Alternative to Autografts: Current Trends for Clinical Applications in Orthopaedics. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123290. [PMID: 34198691 PMCID: PMC8232314 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In the last twenty years, due to an increasing medical and market demand for orthopaedic implants, several grafting options have been developed. However, when alternative bone augmentation materials mimicking autografts are searched on the market, commercially available products may be grouped into three main categories: cellular bone matrices, growth factor enhanced bone grafts, and peptide enhanced xeno-hybrid bone grafts. Firstly, to obtain data for this review, the search engines Google and Bing were employed to acquire information from reports or website portfolios of important competitors in the global bone graft market. Secondly, bibliographic databases such as Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were also employed to analyse data from preclinical/clinical studies performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of each product released on the market. Here, we discuss several products in terms of osteogenic/osteoinductive/osteoconductive properties, safety, efficacy, and side effects, as well as regulatory issues and costs. Although both positive and negative results were reported in clinical applications for each class of products, to date, peptide enhanced xeno-hybrid bone grafts may represent the best choice in terms of risk/benefit ratio. Nevertheless, more prospective and controlled studies are needed before approval for routine clinical use.
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Collagenated Porcine Heterologous Bone Grafts: Histomorphometric Evaluation of Bone Formation Using Different Physical Forms in a Rabbit Cancellous Bone Model. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051339. [PMID: 33801547 PMCID: PMC7958959 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagenated porcine-derived bone graft materials exhibit osteoconductive properties and the development of different formulations intends to enhance bone regeneration. This study aims to evaluate bone healing in a rabbit cancellous bone defect in response to grafting with different physicochemical forms of heterologous porcine bone. Twenty-six adult male New Zealand White rabbits received two critical size femoral bone defects per animal (n = 52), each randomly assigned to one of the five tested materials (Apatos, Gen-Os, mp3, Putty, and Gel 40). Animals were sacrificed at 15- and 30-days post-surgery. Qualitative and quantitative (new bone, particle and connective tissue percentages) histological analyses were performed. Histomorphometry showed statistically significant differences in all evaluated parameters between mp3 and both Putty and Gel 40 groups, regardless of the timepoint (p < 0.05). Moreover, statistical differences were observed between Apatos and both Putty (p = 0.014) and Gel 40 (p = 0.007) groups, at 30 days, in regard to particle percentage. Within each group, regarding new bone formation, mp3 showed significant differences (p = 0.028) between 15 (40.93 ± 3.49%) and 30 (52.49 ± 11.04%) days. Additionally, intragroup analysis concerning the percentage of particles revealed a significant reduction in particle occupied area from 15 to 30 days in mp3 and Gen-Os groups (p = 0.009). All mp3, Gen-Os and Apatos exhibited promising results in terms of new bone formation, thus presenting suitable alternatives to be used in bone regeneration.
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Mohanram Y, Zhang J, Tsiridis E, Yang XB. Comparing bone tissue engineering efficacy of HDPSCs, HBMSCs on 3D biomimetic ABM-P-15 scaffolds in vitro and in vivo. Cytotechnology 2020; 72:715-730. [PMID: 32820463 PMCID: PMC7548016 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-020-00414-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMSCs) has been the gold standard for bone regeneration. However, the low proliferation rate and long doubling time limited its clinical applications. This study aims to compare the bone tissue engineering efficacy of human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) with HBMSCs in 2D, and 3D anorganic bone mineral (ABM) coated with a biomimetic collagen peptide (ABM-P-15) for improving bone-forming speed and efficacy in vitro and in vivo. The multipotential of both HDPSCs and HBMSCs have been compared in vitro. The bone formation of HDPSCs on ABM-P-15 was tested using in vivo model. The osteogenic potential of the cells was confirmed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and immunohistological staining for osteogenic markers. Enhanced ALP, collagen, lipid droplet, or glycosaminoglycans production were visible in HDPSCs and HBMSCs after osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic induction. HDPSC showed stronger ALP staining compared to HBMSCs. Confocal images showed more viable HDPSCs on both ABM-P-15 and ABM scaffolds compared to HBMSCs on similar scaffolds. ABM-P-15 enhanced cell attachment/spreading/bridging formation on ABM-P-15 scaffolds and significantly increased quantitative ALP specific activities of the HDPSCs and HBMSCs. After 8 weeks in vivo implantation in diffusion chamber model, the HDPSCs on ABM-P-15 scaffolds showed extensive high organised collagenous matrix formation that was positive for COL-I and OCN compared to ABM alone. In conclusion, the HDPSCs have a higher proliferation rate and better osteogenic capacity, which indicated the potential of combining HDPSCs with ABM-P-15 scaffolds for improving bone regeneration speed and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamuna Mohanram
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Level 7, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Jingying Zhang
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Level 7, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Eleftherios Tsiridis
- Academic Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University Medical School, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Xuebin B Yang
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Level 7, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
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Liao J, Wu S, Li K, Fan Y, Dunne N, Li X. Peptide‐modified bone repair materials: Factors influencing osteogenic activity. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:1491-1512. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liao
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Powder MetallurgyCentral South University Changsha 410083 China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University Beijing 100083 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringBeihang University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Nicholas Dunne
- Centre for Medical Engineering ResearchSchool of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University Stokes Building, Collins Avenue, Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University Beijing 100083 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringBeihang University Beijing 100083 China
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Pountos I, Panteli M, Lampropoulos A, Jones E, Calori GM, Giannoudis PV. The role of peptides in bone healing and regeneration: a systematic review. BMC Med 2016; 14:103. [PMID: 27400961 PMCID: PMC4940902 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-016-0646-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering and the research surrounding peptides has expanded significantly over the last few decades. Several peptides have been shown to support and stimulate the bone healing response and have been proposed as therapeutic vehicles for clinical use. The aim of this comprehensive review is to present the clinical and experimental studies analysing the potential role of peptides for bone healing and bone regeneration. METHODS A systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines was conducted. Articles presenting peptides capable of exerting an upregulatory effect on osteoprogenitor cells and bone healing were included in the study. RESULTS Based on the available literature, a significant amount of experimental in vitro and in vivo evidence exists. Several peptides were found to upregulate the bone healing response in experimental models and could act as potential candidates for future clinical applications. However, from the available peptides that reached the level of clinical trials, the presented results are limited. CONCLUSION Further research is desirable to shed more light into the processes governing the osteoprogenitor cellular responses. With further advances in the field of biomimetic materials and scaffolds, new treatment modalities for bone repair will emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippokratis Pountos
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Michalis Panteli
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Elena Jones
- Unit of Musculoskeletal Disease, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St. James University Hospital, University of Leeds, LS9 7TF, Leeds, UK
| | - Giorgio Maria Calori
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, ISTITUTO ORTOPEDICO GAETANO PINI, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter V Giannoudis
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. .,NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, LS7 4SA Leeds, West Yorkshire, Leeds, UK.
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Giannoni P, Villa F, Cordazzo C, Zardi L, Fattori P, Quarto R, Fiorini M. Rheological properties, biocompatibility and in vivo performance of new hydrogel-based bone fillers. Biomater Sci 2016; 4:1691-1703. [DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00478d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three different heterologous substitutes for bone regeneration, manufactured with equine-derived cortical powder, cancellous chips and demineralized bone matrix granules, were compared in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Giannoni
- Stem Cell Laboratory
- Dept. of Experimental Medicine
- University of Genova
- c/o Advanced Biotechnology Centre
- 16132–Genova
| | - Federico Villa
- Stem Cell Laboratory
- Dept. of Experimental Medicine
- University of Genova
- c/o Advanced Biotechnology Centre
- 16132–Genova
| | - Cinzia Cordazzo
- Sirius-Biotech S.r.l
- c/o
- Advanced Biotechnology Centre
- 16132 Genova
- Italy
| | - Luciano Zardi
- Sirius-Biotech S.r.l
- c/o
- Advanced Biotechnology Centre
- 16132 Genova
- Italy
| | | | - Rodolfo Quarto
- Stem Cell Laboratory
- Dept. of Experimental Medicine
- University of Genova
- c/o Advanced Biotechnology Centre
- 16132–Genova
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Effects of P-15 Peptide Coated Hydroxyapatite on Tibial Defect Repair In Vivo in Normal and Osteoporotic Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:253858. [PMID: 26509146 PMCID: PMC4609767 DOI: 10.1155/2015/253858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the efficacy of anorganic bone mineral coated with P-15 peptide (ABM/P-15) on tibia defect repair longitudinally in both normal and osteoporotic rats in vivo. A paired design was used. 24 Norwegian brown rats were divided into normal and osteoporotic groups. 48 cylindrical defects were created in proximal tibias bilaterally. Defects were filled with ABM/P-15 or left empty. Osteoporotic status was assessed by microarchitectural analysis. Microarchitectural properties of proximal tibial defects were evaluated at 4 time points. 21 days after surgery, tibias were harvested for histology and histomorphometry. Significantly increased bone volume fraction, surface density, and connectivity were seen in all groups at days 14 and 21 compared with day 0. Moreover, the structure type of ABM/P-15 group was changed toward typical plate-like structure. Microarchitectural properties of ABM/P-15 treated newly formed bones at 21 days were similar in normal and osteoporotic rats. Histologically, significant bone formation was seen in all groups. Interestingly, significantly increased bone formation was seen in osteoporotic rats treated with ABM/P-15 indicating optimized healing potential. Empty defects showed lower healing potential in osteoporotic bone. In conclusion, ABM/P-15 accelerated bone regeneration in osteoporotic rats but did not enhance bone regeneration in normal rats.
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Gibbs DMR, Black CRM, Dawson JI, Oreffo ROC. A review of hydrogel use in fracture healing and bone regeneration. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014; 10:187-98. [DOI: 10.1002/term.1968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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D'Este M, Eglin D. Hydrogels in calcium phosphate moldable and injectable bone substitutes: Sticky excipients or advanced 3-D carriers? Acta Biomater 2013. [PMID: 23201020 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The combination of hydrogels and calcium phosphate particles is emerging as a well-established trend for bone substitutes. Besides acting as binders for the inorganic phase, hydrogels within these hybrid materials can modulate cell colonization physically and biologically. The influence of hydrogels on the healing process can also be exploited through their capability to deliver drugs and cells for tissue engineering approaches. The aim of this review is to collect some recent progress in this field, with an emphasis on design aspects and possible future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D'Este
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, Davos, Switzerland.
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