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Beekman K, Beachkofsky T, Sanik E, Bennett AE. Development of Granulomatous Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Hantavirus DNA Gold Particle Vaccine 14 Years After Administration. Dermatitis 2023; 34:449-450. [PMID: 37158787 DOI: 10.1089/derm.2022.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kate Beekman
- From the USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Thomas Beachkofsky
- Dermatology Section, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Eugene Sanik
- Dermatology Section, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Adam E Bennett
- From the USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Dermatology Section, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Brazão C, Fernandes S, Correia T, Filipe P. Contact allergy to gold from a coffee cup: An unusual source of sensitization. Contact Dermatitis 2023; 89:132-134. [PMID: 37204072 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Brazão
- Dermatology and Venereology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sónia Fernandes
- Dermatology and Venereology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
- Dermatology and Venereology University Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Teresa Correia
- Dermatology and Venereology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
- Dermatology and Venereology University Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Filipe
- Dermatology and Venereology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
- Dermatology and Venereology University Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Dermatology Research Unit, iMM João Lobo Antunes, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Nowak-Gospodarowicz I, Koktysz R, Rękas M. The impact of implantation site on procedure success in patients with unresolved facial palsy treated with upper-eyelid gold weight loading. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11869. [PMID: 35831410 PMCID: PMC9279295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16169-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Loading of the upper eyelid is a well-established procedure for the correction of incomplete eyelid closure due to unresolved facial palsy. Some incurable complications are attributed to type IV hypersensivity reaction, but there is no confirmation of this hypothesis. The aim of the study was to show the impact of gold weights on eyelid tissues depending on the implantation site. Out of 94 total patients (aged 53 ± 17 years) treated from July 2009-2021, since 2014 thirty consecutive patients were randomised into one of 3 groups: the GLE group (gold weight fixed 2 mm above the eyelash line), the GUE group (gold weight fixed at the border of the tarsus and the levator aponeurosis), and the PUE group (platinum chain fixed in the same way as in the GUE group). In the cases of complications, the explanted weights were evaluated histopathologically. The outcomes were compared between groups. Incomplete eyelid closure was corrected in all patients. Serious complications were noted in 100% of patients in the GLE group and 20% in the GUE group (p < 0.0001). A slight lymphocytic reaction was observed in the GUE group. A moderate to significant lymphocytic reaction was observed in the GLE group (p < 0.001). Adverse reactions of the upper eyelid microenvironment resulting from gold weights seem to be dependent on mechanical damage to the eyelid structures, rather than on implants themselves. The site of placement of the weight in the upper eyelid may be critical for procedure success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Koktysz
- Department of Pathology, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szaserow St., 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Rękas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szaserow St., 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
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Dear K, Toholka R, Nixon R. Occupational skin disease in mining: an Australian case series. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2020; 76:504-510. [PMID: 33372583 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1857674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The mining industry has one of the highest rates of occupational disease across all industries. However, occupational skin disease (OSD) is not commonly reported in this industry, although has been estimated to affect up to 51 people per 100,000 workers, with contact dermatitis accounting for the majority of cases. It often has a poor prognosis and leads to days lost from work. There have been relatively few reports regarding the specific forms of OSD encountered by miners worldwide. We report our experience of miners attending our Occupational Dermatology Clinic and our investigations at two Australian mines. We compare our findings with other reports of OSD in the mining population. The most commonly observed skin condition was irritant contact dermatitis, but miliaria and allergic contact dermatitis were also observed. It is not surprising that most cases of OSD appear to be related to harsh working conditions and exposures to multiple skin irritants, however, specific exposures causing ACD should not be forgotten. Our findings are consistent with previous studies of OSD in miners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Dear
- Skin Health Institute - Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ryan Toholka
- Skin Health Institute - Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Rosemary Nixon
- Skin Health Institute - Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre, Carlton, VIC, Australia
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Wootton CI, Sodaly MK, Billamay SX, English JSC, Mayfong M. Patch test results in paediatric patients with atopic dermatitis in Laos. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231455. [PMID: 32287282 PMCID: PMC7156065 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dermatological services in Laos, South East Asia are limited mainly to the capital and patch testing is currently not available, so no data exists regarding the common cutaneous allergens in this population. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to document common allergens in paediatric patients with atopic dermatitis attending the allergy clinic in the capital, Vientiane. PATIENTS/MATERIALS/METHODS Fifty paediatric patients with atopic dermatitis were patch tested using TRUE Test® panels 1 to 3 (35 allergens). Readings were taken at Days 2 and 4. RESULTS Twenty-six positive patch tests were recorded on Day 4 in 15 children (30%). The most common allergens were: gold (18%), nickel (10%), formaldehyde (6%) and p-Phenylenediamine (6%). Other positive allergens were potassium dichromate (2%), cobalt dichloride (2%), Bronopol (2%), paraben mix (2%), fragrance mix 1 (2%) and neomycin (2%). The majority of the patients with positive reactions were female. CONCLUSIONS This study represents the first documented patch test results in the Lao population. It is hoped that these findings will help clinicians to advise the families of children with atopic dermatitis on common allergens to avoid and inform future work on contact dermatitis in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catriona I. Wootton
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Vientiane, Laos
- Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Mong K. Sodaly
- Allergy Clinic, Lao-Korea Childrens’ Hospital, Vientiane, Laos
| | | | | | - Mayxay Mayfong
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Vientiane, Laos
- Institute of Research and Education Development (IRED), University of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Laos
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Thyssen JP, Ahlström MG, Bruze M, Rustemeyer T, Lidén C. Metals. Contact Dermatitis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_35-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Screening for Gold Sensitization in Consecutive Eczema Patients: Prevalence, Relevance, and Sources of Exposure. Dermatitis 2019; 30:222-226. [DOI: 10.1097/der.0000000000000477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Patch Testing: Technical Details and Interpretation. Contact Dermatitis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_62-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Gold Is Precious—But a Potent Sensitizer? THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2019; 7:294-295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Echechipía S, Villarreal O, Iriarte P, Garcés M, Sala-Cunill A, Daschner A, Quiñones MD, Ferrer M, Jauregui I, Veleiro B. Are all new allergens in TRUE Test®essential for a baseline set? Contact Dermatitis 2015; 73:186-7. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pilar Iriarte
- Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol; A Coruña Spain
| | - Mar Garcés
- Hospital Cínico Universitario Lozano Blesa; Zaragoza Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Beatriz Veleiro
- Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña; A Coruña Spain
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Svedman C, Möller H, Gruvberger B, Gustavsson CG, Dahlin J, Persson L, Bruze M. Implants and contact allergy: are sensitizing metals released as haptens from coronary stents? Contact Dermatitis 2014; 71:92-7. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Halvor Möller
- Department of Occupational Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Birgitta Gruvberger
- Department of Occupational Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Carl-Gunnar Gustavsson
- Department of Cardiology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Department of Occupational Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Lena Persson
- Department of Occupational Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
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Jha A, Mhamane D, Suryawanshi A, Joshi SM, Shaikh P, Biradar N, Ogale S, Rode CV. Triple nanocomposites of CoMn2O4, Co3O4 and reduced graphene oxide for oxidation of aromatic alcohols. Catal Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cy01025b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Möller H, Svedman C, Bruze M. Nomenclature and contact allergy to nickel and gold. Contact Dermatitis 2012; 66:296-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2012.02069.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Basko-Plluska JL, Thyssen JP, Schalock PC. Cutaneous and systemic hypersensitivity reactions to metallic implants. Dermatitis 2011. [PMID: 21504692 DOI: 10.2310/6620.2011.10055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous reactions to metal implants, orthopedic or otherwise, are well documented in the literature. The first case of a dermatitis reaction over a stainless steel fracture plate was described in 1966. Most skin reactions are eczematous and allergic in nature, although urticarial, bullous, and vasculitic eruptions may occur. Also, more complex immune reactions may develop around the implants, resulting in pain, inflammation, and loosening. Nickel, cobalt, and chromium are the three most common metals that elicit both cutaneous and extracutaneous allergic reactions from chronic internal exposure. However, other metal ions as well as bone cement components can cause such hypersensitivity reactions. To complicate things, patients may also develop delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions to metals (ie, in-stent restenosis, prosthesis loosening, inflammation, pain, or allergic contact dermatitis) following the insertion of intravascular stents, dental implants, cardiac pacemakers, or implanted gynecologic devices. Despite repeated attempts by researchers and clinicians to further understand this difficult area of medicine, the association between metal sensitivity and cutaneous allergic reactions remains to be fully understood. This review provides an update of the current knowledge in this field and should be valuable to health care providers who manage patients with conditions related to this field.
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Bruze M, Lundh K, Gruvberger B, Hindsén M. Aluminium chloride hexahydrate at 2% is insufficient to trace contact allergy to aluminium. Contact Dermatitis 2008; 59:183-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2008.01394.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ekqvist S, Svedman C, Möller H, Kehler M, Pripp CM, Björk J, Gruvberger B, Holmström E, Gustavsson CG, Bruze M. High frequency of contact allergy to gold in patients with endovascular coronary stents. Br J Dermatol 2007; 157:730-8. [PMID: 17711524 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08119.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stent implantation is an effective method for treatment of atherosclerotic disease. Factors predisposing to in-stent restenosis are still largely unknown. Contact allergy to metal ions eluted from the stent has been suggested to be a risk factor. OBJECTIVES To explore whether there is a possible induction of contact allergy to metals used in stents among patients with a stainless steel stent containing nickel (Ni stent) and patients with a gold-plated stent (Au stent). METHODS Adults (n = 484) treated with coronary stent implantation participated in the study with patch testing. The study design was retrospective and cross-sectional with no assessment of contact allergy before stenting. Age- and sex-matched patch-tested patients with dermatitis (n = 447) served as controls. RESULTS Of Au-stented patients, 54 of 146 (37%) were allergic to gold compared with 85 of 447 (19%) controls (P < 0.001). Within the stented population there were no statistically significant differences in contact allergy to gold or nickel between Ni-stented and Au-stented patients. In multivariate models where other risk factors for contact allergy to gold were considered, the Au stent showed a trend towards statistical significance (odds ratio 1.43, 95% confidence interval 0.95-2.16; P = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS As the frequency of contact allergy to gold is higher in stented patients independent of stent type it suggests a previous sensitization. However, several pieces of circumstantial evidence as well as statistical analysis indicate the possibility of sensitization in the coronary vessel by the Au stent. Ni stents and Au stents should not be ruled out as risk factors for induction of contact allergy to these metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ekqvist
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
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Svedman C, Dunér K, Kehler M, Möller H, Gruvberger B, Bruze M. Lichenoid reactions to gold from dental restorations and exposure to gold through intracoronary implant of a gold-plated stent. Clin Res Cardiol 2006; 95:689-91. [PMID: 17066351 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-006-0448-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2006] [Accepted: 06/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Christiansen J, Färm G, Eid-Forest R, Anderson C, Cederbrant K, Hultman P. Interferon-γ secreted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells as a possible diagnostic marker for allergic contact dermatitis to gold. Contact Dermatitis 2006; 55:101-12. [PMID: 16930235 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2006.00908.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
10% of patch-tested patients have a positive reaction to gold. Most lack clinical symptoms, but allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to gold is increasing. In this study, 77 dermatological outpatients were divided into 3 groups depending on epicutaneous patch test outcomes: a group positive to gold (EPI+), a group negative to gold (EPI-), and a group with irritant reactions to gold (EPI-IR). Lymphocytes were stimulated in vitro with gold sodium thiosulfate. Proliferation was assessed using the lymphocyte transformation test (LTT), and cytokine secretion was assessed using a multibead array (Luminex; Linco Research Inc., St. Charles, MO, USA), in order to evaluate whether an in vitro method with high diagnostic accuracy could be devised. The EPI+ group showed a significantly increased secretion of interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, and IL-13 and also showed a significantly higher stimulation indexes for LTT, compared to the other 2 subject groups. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for all methods individually and combined, but IFN-gamma assessment alone was the most accurate method for identifying ACD to gold, with sensitivity and specificity of 81.8% and 82.1%, respectively. This method also identified 87.5% of the EPI-IR subjects as non-allergic. Therefore, assessment of secretion of IFN-gamma should be a valuable complement to patch test for diagnosing gold allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Christiansen
- Molecular and Immunological Pathology, IMK, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, and Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Orebro, Sweden
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Svedman C, Lundh T, Tillman C, Möller H, Gustavsson CG, Bruze M. Gold concentration in blood in patients with gold-plated stents. Contact Dermatitis 2006; 54:221-2. [PMID: 16650105 DOI: 10.1111/j.0105-1873.2006.0775i.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden.
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Kaur S, Eisen M, Leiger K, Injarabian K. Screening for gold allergy among dental clinic employees and patch test population. Contact Dermatitis 2006; 54:172-3. [PMID: 16524445 DOI: 10.1111/j.0105-1873.2006.0739e.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sirje Kaur
- Clinic of Dermatology Tartu University, 31 Raja St., 50417 Tartu, Estonia.
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Doyle E, Mavrikakis I, Lee EJ, Emerson R, Rainey AJ, Brittain GP. Type IV hypersensitivity reactions to upper lid gold weight implants-is patch testing necessary? Orbit 2005; 24:205-10. [PMID: 16169808 DOI: 10.1080/01676830590930706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To report two cases of allergic reaction to upper lid gold weight implants in patients with facial nerve palsy and to identify the use of pre-implantation patch testing in predicting gold hypersensitivity. METHODS One patient who had a positive family history of gold allergy and had undergone previous gold dental restoration underwent patch testing with gold sodium thiosulphate. The gold weight from the same patient was analysed using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis, which can detect surface impurities. Tissue obtained during surgery to remove the gold weight from the second patient was examined histologically. RESULTS Patch testing in the first patient gave a positive result. Analysis of the gold weight removed from the same patient confirmed 99.99% purity, and hence sensitivity to the gold itself was considered to be the cause of the inflammatory reaction. Histology of tissue taken from the eyelid of the second patient was consistent with type IV hypersensitivity. CONCLUSION A personal and family history of gold allergy should be looked for before upper eyelid gold weight implantation. Patch testing should be performed for patients where there is doubt about whether gold has been the specific cause of previous allergic reactions, for patients who have undergone previous dental restoration involving gold, or if there is a positive family history of gold allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Doyle
- Sussex Eye Hospital, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, East Sussex, U.K.
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Möller H, Ahnlide I, Gruvberger B, Bruze M. Gold trichloride and gold sodium thiosulfate as markers of contact allergy to gold. Contact Dermatitis 2005; 53:80-3. [PMID: 16033400 DOI: 10.1111/j.0105-1873.2005.00648.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The usefulness of a trivalent gold salt, gold trichloride (GTC), was evaluated as a marker of contact allergy to gold. Patients patch test-positive or patch test-negative to gold sodium thiosulfate (GSTS), 13 subjects of each, were patch tested with dilution series of GTC and equimolar concentrations of GSTS. In order to avoid false-positive and false-negative test reactions, the salts were buffered and placed on polypropene chambers. Allergic reactions were registered in 9/13 gold-allergic patients with GSTS and in 2/13 with GTC. The sum of positive reactions was 18 with GSTS and 5 with GTC. Irritant reactions were none with GSTS and 2 with GTC in the gold-allergic patients. It is concluded that GTC can elicit positive patch test reactions in patients with gold allergy but to a lesser degree when compared with GSTS. Thus, GTC cannot be recommended in patch testing, and GSTS is still the test agent of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halvor Möller
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
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Svedman C, Tillman C, Gustavsson CG, Möller H, Frennby B, Bruze M. Contact allergy to gold in patients with gold-plated intracoronary stents. Contact Dermatitis 2005; 52:192-6. [PMID: 15859991 DOI: 10.1111/j.0105-1873.2005.00522.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
An increasingly common and effective method for the treatment of atherosclerotic disease in the coronary arteries is percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and stenting. The stents are made of different metals. An increased rate of restenosis when using gold-plated stents has been shown. Contact allergy to gold is common in many countries. Recently, a study has shown an increased rate of contact allergy to nickel among patients with restenosis and a nickel-containing stent. The aims of our study were to investigate whether there was an increased rate of contact allergy to gold among patients with gold-plated stents and if this increased the risk of restenosis. 22 patients who had received a gold-plated stent were patch tested. An age- and sex-matched population of 88 patients, previously patch tested because of a suspected contact dermatitis, served as controls. In the stent group, 10/22 (45.5%) had a contact allergy to gold, in the control group 18/88 (20.5%); the difference is statistically significant (P = 0.04). There was no significant difference regarding frequency of restenosis. Our study indicates that there is a risk of sensitizing the patient when implanting a gold-plated stent. Further studies are needed to confirm these results and to evaluate whether there is an increased risk of restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden
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Tvinnereim HM, Lundekvam BF, Morken T, Berge ME, Björkman L. Allergic contact reactions to dental gold. Contact Dermatitis 2003; 48:288-9. [PMID: 12868985 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0536.2003.00099.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helene Meyer Tvinnereim
- Dental Biomaterials Adverse Reaction Unit, University of Bergen, Arstadveien 17, N-5009 Bergen, Norway.
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Ikarashi Y, Kaniwa M, Tsuchiya T. Sensitization potential of gold sodium thiosulfate in mice and guinea pigs. Biomaterials 2002; 23:4907-14. [PMID: 12361632 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(02)00250-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Since gold sodium thiosulfate (GST) has been included in a standard patch test series for diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis from gold, the incidence of patients showing positive reactions to gold is increasing. However, there were little reports on induction of gold sensitization in animals. In this study, we have examined the sensitization potential of GST using mice and guinea pigs. In the guinea pig maximization test, 2 or 6 out of 10 animals showed positive skin responses, mainly edema, by challenge with 2% or 5% GST in 50% ethanol solution, respectively. In the mouse ear swelling test, positive ear swelling (20% greater increase in ear thickness) after challenge with GST was shown in 2 out of 6 mice those previously treated with GST. Topical exposure of mice to GST in 70% dimethylsulfoxide solution induced small increases in the lymph node weight and the lymph node cell (LNC) number in the murine local lymph node assay (LLNA). A greater degree of LNC responses were observed in the sensitive mouse lymph node assay (SLNA) compared with the LLNA, but the stimulation index of total lymph node response by GST was not so high. From these results, GST was identified as a contact allergen, but the sensitization potential was not so strong. In the mouse IgE test, treatment of mice with GST resulted in a statistically significant increase in the serum IgE antibody concentration that associated with immediate-type hypersensitivity reaction. It may suggest that the sensitization responses from gold would appear not only at the contact site but also systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ikarashi
- Division of Medical Devices, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kamiyoga 1-18-1, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan.
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Jerschow E, Hostýnek JJ, Maibach HI. Allergic contact dermatitis elicitation thresholds of potent allergens in humans. Food Chem Toxicol 2001; 39:1095-108. [PMID: 11527569 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-6915(01)00059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Literature scoured for human allergenicity to individual chemicals yields a limited number of potent sensitizers, which can be classified in four categories: metals, botanicals, biocides and miscellany. Potency is defined as strong for substances eliciting eczematous reactions to patch concentrations of 500 ppm (parts per million) or less in sensitized individuals. Most data encountered stem from studies conducted on dermatology patients tested routinely for hypersensitivity; only few data have been generated by systematic serial dilution testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jerschow
- UCSF School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, 90 Medical Center Way, Surge 110, San Francisco, CA 94143-0989, USA
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Lee AY, Eun HC, Kim HO, Moon KC, Lee CH, Kim GJ, Kim SC, Ham JH. Multicenter study of the frequency of contact allergy to gold. Contact Dermatitis 2001; 45:214-6. [PMID: 11683831 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.450404.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Gold sodium thiosulfate (GSTS) is reputed to be the most reliable gold antigen, but control studies are still required. Although Koreans have more varied sources of contact with gold, such as herbal medicines with gold coatings and indwelling gold acupuncture needles, no epidemiological studies have been performed. This study examined the frequency and sources of contact allergy to gold in South Korea by a multicenter study. Patch testing with 0.5% GSTS in pet. was conducted in 255 eczema patients and 58 control subjects. Results were observed at 21 days (D) to ensure there were no undetected late reactions in 54 observed patients and 47 controls. 8 (3.1%) of the 255 patients reacted positively to GSTS, including 1 with a late reaction. 1 of the 58 controls showed a positive reaction to GSTS on D4 with a negative reaction on D14. Clinical relevance was lacking in the patients with positive reactions. Unexpectedly, the above particular sources of gold contact gave rise to few allergic reactions in our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Y Lee
- Eulji Hospital University of Medicine, Korea
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Chan YC, Ng SK, Goh CL. Positive patch-test reactions to para-phenylenediamine, their clinical relevance and the concept of clinical tolerance. Contact Dermatitis 2001; 45:217-20. [PMID: 11683832 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.450405.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
406 patients were patch tested over an 18-month period (January 1998 to June 1999) at a dermatology referral centre. 33 patients (8.1%) had a positive reaction to para-phenylenediamine (PPD). 20 patients were experiencing PPD hair dye dermatitis (present relevance, 61%), 2 were using PPD hair dyes without developing dermatitis (clinical tolerance, 6%), 4 had previously used PPD hair dyes with dermatitis in the past (past relevance, 12%), 3 had previously used PPD hair dyes without dermatitis (past exposure, 9%) and 4 had no known exposure to PPD (unknown relevance, 12%). Of the 20 patients whose test results were of present relevance, 17 avoided PPD hair dyes, resulting in total clearance of the dermatitis in all except 3, who had concurrent endogenous eczema. 3 continued using PPD hair dyes: 2 had recurrent contact dermatitis and 1 avoided dermatitis with meticulous technique. The 2 patients with clinical tolerance continued using PPD hair dyes with no dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Chan
- National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308205
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Bruze M, Condé-Salazar L, Goossens A, Kanerva L, White IR. Thoughts on sensitizers in a standard patch test series. The European Society of Contact Dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 1999; 41:241-50. [PMID: 10554056 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1999.tb06154.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Patch testing is the predominant method of establishing contact allergy. The present patch test technique is the result of a continuous process of development and improvement since its first application in the late 19th century. The perfect patch test should give no false-positive and no false-negative reactions. The ideal patch test should also cause as few adverse reactions as possible, particularly no patch test sensitization. Even though the history and examination of a patient with suspected allergic contact dermatitis will give clues to possible sensitizers, it is not sufficient to patch test only with initially suspected sensitizers; unsuspected sensitizers used for patch testing frequently turn out to be the real cause of the dermatitis. Fortunately, a small number of substances are considered to account for the majority of delayed hypersensitivity reactions. Therefore, generally 20-25 test preparations consisting of chemically defined compounds, mixes of allergens, and natural and synthetic compounds, are grouped into a standard test series. The requirements to be fulfilled by a sensitizer in a standard patch test series are discussed in this article. A procedure of investigations is proposed before a sensitizer is included in a standard series.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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