1
|
Michaels BS, Ayers T, Brooks-McLaughlin J, McLaughlin RJ, Sandoval-Warren K, Schlenker C, Ronaldson L, Ardagh S. Potential for Glove Risk Amplification via Direct Physical, Chemical, and Microbiological Contamination. J Food Prot 2024; 87:100283. [PMID: 38679200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
This review focuses on the potential direct physical, chemical, and microbiological contamination from disposable gloves when utilized in food environments, inclusive of the risks posed to food products as well as worker safety. Unrecognized problems endemic to glove manufacturing were magnified during the COVID-19 pandemic due to high demand, increased focus on PPE performance, availability, supply chain instability, and labor shortages. Multiple evidence-based reports of contamination, toxicity, illness, deaths, and related regulatory action linked to contaminated gloves in food and healthcare have highlighted problems indicative of systemic glove industry shortcomings. The glove manufacturing process was diagramed with sources and pathways of contamination identified, indicating weak points with documented occurrences detailed. Numerous unsafe ingredients can introduce chemical contaminants, potentially posing risks to food and to glove users. Microbial hazards present significant challenges to overall glove safety as contaminants appear to be introduced via polluted water sources or flawed glove manufacturing processes, resulting in increased risks within food and healthcare environments. Frank and opportunistic pathogens along with food spoilage organisms can be introduced to foods and wearers. When the sources and pathways of glove-borne contamination were explored, it was found that physical failures play a pivotal role in the release of sweat build-up, liquefaction of chemical residues, and incubation of microbial contaminants from hands and gloves. Thus, with glove physical integrity issues, including punctures in new, unused gloves that can develop into significant rips and tears, not only can direct physical food contamination occur but also chemical and microbiological contamination can find their way into food. Enhanced regulatory requirements for Acceptable Quality Limits of food-grade gloves, and the establishment of appropriate bioburden standards would enhance safety in food applications. Based on the information provided, together with a false sense of security associated with glove use, the unconditional belief in glove chemical and microbiological purity may be unfounded.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barry S Michaels
- B. Michaels Group Inc., 487 West River Road, Palatka, FL 32177, USA.
| | - Troy Ayers
- Eurofins Microbiology Laboratories Inc., Des Moines, IA 50321, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Lynda Ronaldson
- Eagle Protect PBC, South Lake Tahoe, CA 96150, USA; Eagle Protect Ltd. Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Steve Ardagh
- Eagle Protect PBC, South Lake Tahoe, CA 96150, USA; Eagle Protect Ltd. Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Winiarska E, Jutel M, Zemelka-Wiacek M. The potential impact of nano- and microplastics on human health: Understanding human health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118535. [PMID: 38460665 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Plastics are used all over the world. Unfortunately, due to limited biodegradation, plastics cause a significant level of environmental pollution. The smallest recognized to date are termed nanoplastics (1 nm [nm] up to 1 μm [μm]) and microplastics (1 μm-5 mm). These nano- and microplastics can enter the human body through the respiratory system via inhalation, the digestive tract via consumption of contaminated food and water, or penetration through the skin via cosmetics and clothes contact. Bioaccumulation of plastics in the human body can potentially lead to a range of health issues, including respiratory disorders like lung cancer, asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, neurological symptoms such as fatigue and dizziness, inflammatory bowel disease and even disturbances in gut microbiota. Most studies to date have confirmed that nano- and microplastics can induce apoptosis in cells and have genotoxic and cytotoxic effects. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of plastics' actions may help extrapolate the risks to humans. The article provides a comprehensive review of articles in databases regarding the impact of nano- and microplastics on human health. The review included retrospective studies and case reports of people exposed to nanoplastics and microplastics. This research highlights the need for further research to fully understand the extent of the impact of plastics on human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Winiarska
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland; ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Norman T, Guenther J, Asante I, Adler BL. Analysis of Contact Allergens in Polyvinyl Chloride Examination Gloves in the United States. Dermatitis 2024; 35:160-166. [PMID: 37669114 DOI: 10.1089/derm.2023.0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gloves are recommended as a safe alternative for patients with rubber accelerator allergy. However, allergic contact dermatitis to other chemicals in PVC gloves has been reported. Objective: To analyze single-use PVC medical examination gloves in the United States for the presence of potential contact allergens. Methods: Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, 20 unique PVC gloves were analyzed in triplicate for 6 chemicals: benzisothiazolinone, bisphenol A, mono(2-ethylhexyl) maleate, tricresyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, and triphenyl phosphite. Results: All 20 PVC gloves contained detectable quantities of benzisothiazolinone (range, 0.001-1.48 parts per million [ppm]), bisphenol A (0.01-0.11 ppm), triphenyl phosphate (0.01-2.11 ppm), and triphenyl phosphite (0.001-0.22 ppm). Eighteen (90%) gloves contained mono(2-ethylhexyl) maleate (0.001-0.14 ppm) and 3 (15%) contained tricresyl phosphate (0.001-0.002 ppm). Conclusions: Known allergens were present in all 20 PVC gloves. However, the detected levels were mostly low and their relationship with sensitization and elicitation thresholds requires further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Norman
- From the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jana Guenther
- From the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Isaac Asante
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Brandon L Adler
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pei Y, Ren J, Zhang H, Liu QS, Hou X, Zhou Q, Jiang G. Screening Allergenic Potencies of Skin-Contact Products Using the Human-Derived THP-1 Cell Activation Test. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:291-301. [PMID: 38126320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
With the prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from the usage of skin-contact products, like wearable, skin care, and hair care products, screening their skin sensitizing potential is necessary, for the sake of alleviating the consequent public health impact. In the present study, a total of 77 skin-contact products classified by four categories, watch bands (WBs), skin care products (SCPs), hair care products (HCPs), and rubber gloves (RGs), were investigated, using an optimized in vitro assay of human cell line activation test (h-CLAT). Extracting the products using neutral artificial sweat simulated well the practical usage scenarios, and testing the extracts showed that 26 of them were allergy test positive, including nine WBs, six SCPs, two HCPs, and nine RGs. The allergenic response was mainly characterized by the induction of CD54 expression, and diverse paradigms of CD54 and CD86 levels were observed by analyzing dose-response curves, which could also be influenced by the compromised viability of the THP-1 cells. The data implicated the intricate regulation by different contributors to suspicious ingredients in the test samples. Altogether, a promising methodology for testing skin allergy potential was well established for commonly used commodities by neutral artificial sweat extraction coupled with h-CLAT screening. The findings would be of great help in tracing the potential allergens in practical products and improving their qualities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qian S Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xingwang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan430056, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sadrolvaezin A, Pezhman A, Zare I, Nasab SZ, Chamani S, Naghizadeh A, Mostafavi E. Systemic allergic contact dermatitis to palladium, platinum, and titanium: mechanisms, clinical manifestations, prevalence, and therapeutic approaches. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e386. [PMID: 37873514 PMCID: PMC10590457 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Contact dermatitis (CD) is an inflammatory skin disease of eczema that is elicited by chemicals or metal ions that have toxic effects without eliciting a T-cell response (contact elicitation) or by small reactive chemicals that modify proteins and induce innate and adaptive immune responses (contact allergens). The clinical condition is characterized by localized skin rash, pruritus, redness, swelling, and lesions, which are mainly detected by patch tests and lymphocyte stimulation. Heavy metals such as palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), and titanium (Ti) are ubiquitous in our environment. These heavy metals have shown CD effects as allergic agents. Immunological responses result from the interaction of cytokines and T cells. Occupational metal CD accounts for most cases of work-related cutaneous disorders. In this systematic review, the allergic effects of heavy metals, including Pd, Pt, and Ti, and the mechanisms, clinical manifestations, prevalence, and therapeutic approaches are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the therapeutic approaches introduced to treat CD, including corticosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors, systemic immunosuppressive agents, phototherapy, and antihistamines, can be effective in the treatment of these diseases in the future. Ultimately, the insights identified could lead to improved therapeutic and diagnostic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sadrolvaezin
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Arezou Pezhman
- School of MedicineZahedan Azad University of Medical SciencesZahedanIran
| | - Iman Zare
- Research and Development DepartmentSina Medical Biochemistry Technologies Co. Ltd.ShirazIran
| | - Shima Zahed Nasab
- Department of Life Science EngineeringFaculty of New Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Sajad Chamani
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Ali Naghizadeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
- Department of MedicineStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
The Influence of Azidated Glycerol as a New Low Temperature Stabilizer on the Colloidal Properties of Natural Rubber Latex: For Latex Marine Transportation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030698. [PMID: 36771999 PMCID: PMC9918890 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural rubber latex (NRL) is normally transported to a destination in colloid/liquid form. It requires large storage containers such as drums and the probability of latex leakage during transportation is high. This is prevalent especially when transporting latex by sea. To prevent latex spillage, the liquid form of NRL is transformed into solid/frozen latex by freezing. However, the coagulation/destabilization of NRL by freezing has been acknowledged as a problem for years. Therefore, this study proposed a new low temperature stabilizer named azidated glycerol (AG) to be incorporated in NRL liquid before the freezing process. AG was prepared by a chemical reaction of pure glycerol with sodium azide. NRL containing AG was then frozen at a temperature of -4 °C. After 24 h of freezing, the frozen latex was thawed at ambient temperature for 1 h followed by heating in a water bath at 40 °C for another 1 h. The regenerated latex was then allowed to stand at room temperature before testing. The effect of AG on the colloid properties before and after the freeze-thaw processes was studied. The production of AG was confirmed by the appearance of a peak in the range of 2160-2120 cm-1, corresponding to N=N=N stretching, confirming the introduction of an azide group into the glycerol molecule. Modifying NRL with AG did not significantly influence the TSC of latex. Increasing the AG content up to 0.4 phr resulted in an increase in MST from 699 s to 828 s. An AG content of 0.2 phr resulted in the highest anionically stabilized latex as indicated by zeta potential values of -59.63 mV (before freezing) and -56.27 mV (after thawing). It is concluded that the AG produced in this study can be used as an anti-freeze stabilizer for NRL and is suitable for latex marine transportation.
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
The recent COVID-19 pandemic requires long-term and real-life applicable antimicrobial skin protection. However, there has been no practical solution to prevent cross-infection while preserving intrinsic skin naturalness. Conventional blocking-based approaches such as gloves cannot preserve the skin sterility and modify the morphology, temperature change rate, and humidity affecting our sensation and comfort. Here, we propose a skin-attachable protection platform copper nanomesh, which prevents cross-infection while maintaining skin naturalness. Copper nanomesh composed of copper coating and interconnected polymer nanofibers kills 99.99% of bacteria and viruses within 1 and 10 min and prevents bacterial cross-infection. The thin and porous structure of the nanomesh enables natural skin-environment interaction in terms of the morphology, temperature change rate, and humidity compared to films or gloves. The functional support and advancement of our body while preserving inherent naturalness is one of the ultimate goals of bioengineering. Skin protection against infectious pathogens is an application that requires common and long-term wear without discomfort or distortion of the skin functions. However, no antimicrobial method has been introduced to prevent cross-infection while preserving intrinsic skin conditions. Here, we propose an antimicrobial skin protection platform copper nanomesh, which prevents cross-infectionmorphology, temperature change rate, and skin humidity. Copper nanomesh exhibited an inactivation rate of 99.99% for Escherichia coli bacteria and influenza virus A within 1 and 10 min, respectively. The thin and porous nanomesh allows for conformal coating on the fingertips, without significant interference with the rate of skin temperature change and humidity. Efficient cross-infection prevention and thermal transfer of copper nanomesh were demonstrated using direct on-hand experiments.
Collapse
|
8
|
Rehabilitation and Prevention of Hand Eczema. Contact Dermatitis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36335-2_71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
9
|
Aalto-Korte K. Contact Allergy to Protective Gloves. Contact Dermatitis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36335-2_74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
10
|
Brites GS, Ferreira I, Sebastião AI, Silva A, Carrascal M, Neves BM, Cruz MT. Allergic contact dermatitis: From pathophysiology to development of new preventive strategies. Pharmacol Res 2020; 162:105282. [PMID: 33161140 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
As the body's first line of defense, the skin is the organ most frequently exposed to chemicals present in personal hygiene products, household products, or materials used in the work environment. In this context, skin disorders account for more than 40 % of all occupational and work-related diseases, constituting a significant public health burden. Among skin disorders, allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is the most prevalent occupational disease and the most common form of immunotoxicity in humans. ACD is a T-cell-mediated skin inflammation resulting from the priming and expansion of allergen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The clinical condition is characterized by local skin rash, itchiness, redness, swelling, and lesions, being mainly diagnosed by the patch test. Upon ACD diagnosis, avoiding the exposure to the triggering allergen is the mainstay of treatment to prevent future flares. In cases where avoidance is not possible, the use of a standard of care interim treatments such as steroid creams or ointments, barrier creams, and moisturizers are strongly recommended to alleviate symptoms. In this review, we sought to provide the reader with an overview of the pathophysiology of ACD as well as the currently available pharmacological treatment options. Furthermore, a comprehensive outline of several preventive strategies is also provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Sousa Brites
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal; Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology - CNC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-504, Portugal
| | - Isabel Ferreira
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal; Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology - CNC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-504, Portugal
| | | | - Ana Silva
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology - CNC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-504, Portugal
| | - Mylene Carrascal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology - CNC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-504, Portugal; Tecnimede Group, Sintra, 2710-089, Portugal
| | - Bruno Miguel Neves
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Maria T Cruz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal; Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology - CNC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-504, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sonne M, Agner T, Nørreslet LB, Lund TT. The Efficacy to Prevent Irritant Hand Eczema: an Overview of the Interventional Procedures. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ALLERGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40521-020-00270-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
12
|
Lopushinsky KM, Gill N, Shea WK, Elliott JF, Straube S, Dytoc MT. Making Glove Decision Less of a White Knuckling Experience: A Systematic Review and Inventory of Glove Accelerator Contents. J Cutan Med Surg 2020; 24:386-398. [DOI: 10.1177/1203475420919398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Accelerators in medical gloves are a common cause of allergic contact dermatitis among healthcare workers. Objective A systematic review of medical and nursing literature, patch testing reports, and chemical analyses of gloves was conducted to assess accelerator contents reported in the literature and to identify accelerator-free gloves. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in OVID Medline and OVID EMBASE. Hand-searching of reference lists of articles in the field and author input generated the remainder of articles assessed. Results We present an inventory of accelerator contents of gloves and accelerator-free glove options as reported in the literature as a clinical reference tool to assist allergen-free glove selection for individuals suffering from allergic contact dermatitis due to rubber accelerators. Limitations Pertinent limitations of our review include lack of predefined study exclusion criteria and screening of the studies identified in the search by 1 review author only. Conclusion The glove inventory we provide summarizes the available literature regarding medical and surgical glove accelerator content, describing gloves both by brand and manufacturer as well as by accelerators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn M. Lopushinsky
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Navjeet Gill
- Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Whitney K. Shea
- Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
| | - John F. Elliott
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, University Dermatology Centre, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sebastian Straube
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Marlene T. Dytoc
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, University Dermatology Centre, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
An N, Pourzal S, Luccioli S, Vukmanović S. Effects of diet on skin sensitization by nickel, poison ivy, and sesquiterpene lactones. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 137:111137. [PMID: 31982450 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Skin contact or exposure to sensitizers often occurs as a consequence of occupational exposures (e.g. poison ivy in forestry), wearing jewelry (e.g. nickel), or use of cosmetics (e.g. fragrances). However, many of the known skin sensitizers or their chemical variants are also consumed orally through foods or other sources. Since oral exposure to antigenic substances can lead to tolerance, consumption of sensitizers may impact the development and potency of skin sensitization, especially if the sensitizer is consumed early in life, prior to the first skin contact. To address this issue, we have reviewed human clinical and epidemiological literature relevant to this subject and evaluated whether early oral exposures to relevant sensitizers, or their chemical variants, are associated with reduced prevalence of skin sensitization to three main allergic sensitizers - nickel, urushiols of poison ivy, and sesquiterpene lactones of chrysanthemum and other plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan An
- Cosmetics Division, Office of Cosmetics and Colors (OCAC), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA
| | - Selma Pourzal
- Cosmetics Division, Office of Cosmetics and Colors (OCAC), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA
| | - Stefano Luccioli
- Office of Compliance (OC), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA
| | - Stanislav Vukmanović
- Cosmetics Division, Office of Cosmetics and Colors (OCAC), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rehabilitation and Prevention of Hand Eczema. Contact Dermatitis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_71-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
15
|
Aalto-Korte K. Contact Allergy to Protective Gloves. Contact Dermatitis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_74-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
16
|
Nguyen PM, Dorey S, Vitrac O. The Ubiquitous Issue of Cross-Mass Transfer: Applications to Single-Use Systems. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24193467. [PMID: 31554295 PMCID: PMC6803905 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The leaching of chemicals by materials has been integrated into risk management procedures of many sectors where hygiene and safety are important, including food, medical, pharmaceutical, and biotechnological applications. The approaches focus on direct contact and do not usually address the risk of cross-mass transfer of chemicals from one item or object to another and finally to the contacting phase (e.g., culture medium, biological fluids). Overpackaging systems, as well as secondary or ternary containers, are potentially large reservoirs of non-intentionally added substances (NIAS), which can affect the final risk of contamination. This study provides a comprehensive description of the cross-mass transfer phenomena for single-use bags along the chain of value and the methodology to evaluate them numerically on laminated and assembled systems. The methodology is validated on the risk of migration i) of ϵ-caprolactam originating from the polyamide 6 internal layer of the overpackaging and ii) of nine surrogate migrants with various volatilities and polarities. The effects of imperfect contacts between items and of an air gap between them are particularly discussed and interpreted as a cutoff distance depending on the considered substance. A probabilistic description is suggested to define conservative safety-margins required to manage cross-contamination and NIAS in routine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel Dorey
- Sartorius Stedim FMT S.A.S., avenue de Jouques, CS91051, ZI des Paluds, 13781 Aubagne CEDEX, France.
| | - Olivier Vitrac
- Ingénierie Procédés Aliments, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91300 Massy, France.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dejonckheere G, Herman A, Baeck M. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by synthetic rubber gloves in healthcare workers: Sensitization to 1,3-diphenylguanidine is common. Contact Dermatitis 2019; 81:167-173. [PMID: 30891769 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The frequency of allergic contact dermatitis has significantly increased in healthcare workers since the transition from latex to synthetic rubber gloves, with 1,3-diphenylguanidine being identified as the most frequently implicated allergen. OBJECTIVES To highlight the role of 1,3-diphenylguanidine as the culprit allergen in contact allergies to synthetic rubber gloves, to propose recommendations for patch testing, and to discuss alternatives for sensitized subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patch test data from healthcare workers who developed hand dermatitis after wearing rubber gloves and who reacted positively to glove samples and rubber additives were collected from September 2010 to December 2017 in a Belgian hospital. RESULTS A total of 44 caregivers were included in this study. Patch tests showed that: (a) 84% of the study population reacted positively to carba mix; (b) 86% reacted positively to 1,3-diphenylguanidine; and (c) 13 (30%) reacted positively to thiuram mix. Half of the subjects reacted positively to gloves containing 1,3-diphenylguanidine, whereas none reacted to accelerator-free gloves. CONCLUSION The most commonly identified allergen was 1,3-diphenylguanidine, far ahead of thiurams, which were previously described as the most sensitizing accelerators. The use of 1,3-diphenylguanidine-free gloves is recommended. No subject reacted to gloves without accelerators, thus confirming their efficiency among accelerator-sensitized patients. We recommend that 1,3-diphenylguanidine be added to the European baseline series.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Dejonckheere
- Department of Dermatology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium and IREC (Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique) Pôle Pneumologie, ORL, Dermatologie, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Herman
- Department of Dermatology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium and IREC (Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique) Pôle Pneumologie, ORL, Dermatologie, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie Baeck
- Department of Dermatology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium and IREC (Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique) Pôle Pneumologie, ORL, Dermatologie, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gloves. Contact Dermatitis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_74-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
19
|
Luo X, Shi W, Yu H, Xie Z, Li K, Cui Y. Wearable Carbon Nanotube-Based Biosensors on Gloves for Lactate. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18103398. [PMID: 30314270 PMCID: PMC6210922 DOI: 10.3390/s18103398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Developing a simple and direct approach for interfacing a sensor and a target analyte is of great interest for fields such as medical diagnosis, threat detection, food quality control, and environmental monitoring. Gloves provide a unique interface for sensing applications. Here, we show for the first time the development of wearable carbon nanotube (CNT)-based amperometric biosensors painted onto gloves as a new sensing platform, used here for the determination of lactate. Three sensor types were studied, configured as: two CNT electrodes; one CNT electrode, and an Ag/AgCl electrode, and two CNT electrodes and an Ag/AgCl electrode. The sensors are constructed by painting the electrodes using CNT or Ag/AgCl inks. By immobilizing lactate oxidase onto the CNT-based working electrodes, the sensors show sensitive detections of lactate. Comparison of sensor performance shows that a combination of CNT and Ag/AgCl is necessary for highly sensitive detection. We anticipate that these findings could open exciting avenues for fundamental studies of wearable bioelectronics, as well as practical applications in fields such as healthcare and defense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Luo
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Weihua Shi
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Haoming Yu
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Zhaoyang Xie
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computing Systems, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.
| | - Kunyi Li
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yue Cui
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rozas-Muñoz E, Gamé D, Serra-Baldrich E. Allergic Contact Dermatitis by Anatomical Regions: Diagnostic Clues. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
21
|
Dermatitis de contacto alérgica por regiones anatómicas. Claves diagnósticas. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2018; 109:485-507. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
|
22
|
A case of contact dermatitis and contact urticaria syndrome due to multiple allergens observed in a professional baseball player. Allergol Int 2018; 67:417-418. [PMID: 29395964 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
23
|
Wilke A, Skudlik C, Sonsmann FK. Individualprävention beruflicher Kontaktekzeme: Schutzhandschuhe und Hautschutzempfehlungen im berufsgenossenschaftlichen Heilverfahren. DER HAUTARZT 2018; 69:449-461. [DOI: 10.1007/s00105-018-4170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
24
|
Bauer A, Rönsch H, Elsner P, Dittmar D, Bennett C, Schuttelaar MA, Lukács J, John SM, Williams HC. Interventions for preventing occupational irritant hand dermatitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 4:CD004414. [PMID: 29708265 PMCID: PMC6494486 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd004414.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational irritant hand dermatitis (OIHD) causes significant functional impairment, disruption of work, and discomfort in the working population. Different preventive measures such as protective gloves, barrier creams and moisturisers can be used, but it is not clear how effective these are. This is an update of a Cochrane review which was previously published in 2010. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of primary preventive interventions and strategies (physical and behavioural) for preventing OIHD in healthy people (who have no hand dermatitis) who work in occupations where the skin is at risk of damage due to contact with water, detergents, chemicals or other irritants, or from wearing gloves. SEARCH METHODS We updated our searches of the following databases to January 2018: the Cochrane Skin Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLlNE, and Embase. We also searched five trials registers and checked the bibliographies of included studies for further references to relevant trials. We handsearched two sets of conference proceedings. SELECTION CRITERIA We included parallel and cross-over randomised controlled trials (RCTs) which examined the effectiveness of barrier creams, moisturisers, gloves, or educational interventions compared to no intervention for the primary prevention of OIHD under field conditions. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used the standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. The primary outcomes were signs and symptoms of OIHD developed during the trials, and the frequency of treatment discontinuation due to adverse effects. MAIN RESULTS We included nine RCTs involving 2888 participants without occupational irritant hand dermatitis (OIHD) at baseline. Six studies, including 1533 participants, investigated the effects of barrier creams, moisturisers, or both. Three studies, including 1355 participants, assessed the effectiveness of skin protection education on the prevention of OIHD. No studies were eligible that investigated the effects of protective gloves. Among each type of intervention, there was heterogeneity concerning the criteria for assessing signs and symptoms of OIHD, the products, and the occupations. Selection bias, performance bias, and reporting bias were generally unclear across all studies. The risk of detection bias was low in five studies and high in one study. The risk of other biases was low in four studies and high in two studies.The eligible trials involved a variety of participants, including: metal workers exposed to cutting fluids, dye and print factory workers, gut cleaners in swine slaughterhouses, cleaners and kitchen workers, nurse apprentices, hospital employees handling irritants, and hairdressing apprentices. All studies were undertaken at the respective work places. Study duration ranged from four weeks to three years. The participants' ages ranged from 16 to 67 years.Meta-analyses for barrier creams, moisturisers, a combination of both barrier creams and moisturisers, or skin protection education showed imprecise effects favouring the intervention. Twenty-nine per cent of participants who applied barrier creams developed signs of OIHD, compared to 33% of the controls, so the risk may be slightly reduced with this measure (risk ratio (RR) 0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.72 to 1.06; 999 participants; 4 studies; low-quality evidence). However, this risk reduction may not be clinically important. There may be a clinically important protective effect with the use of moisturisers: in the intervention groups, 13% of participants developed symptoms of OIHD compared to 19% of the controls (RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.09; 507 participants; 3 studies; low-quality evidence). Likewise, there may be a clinically important protective effect from using a combination of barrier creams and moisturisers: 8% of participants in the intervention group developed signs of OIHD, compared to 13% of the controls (RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.33 to 1.42; 474 participants; 2 studies; low-quality evidence). We are uncertain whether skin protection education reduces the risk of developing signs of OIHD (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.54 to 1.08; 1355 participants; 3 studies; very low-quality evidence). Twenty-one per cent of participants who received skin protection education developed signs of OIHD, compared to 28% of the controls.None of the studies addressed the frequency of treatment discontinuation due to adverse effects of the products directly. However, in three studies of barrier creams, the reasons for withdrawal from the studies were unrelated to adverse effects. Likewise, in one study of moisturisers plus barrier creams, and in one study of skin protection education, reasons for dropout were unrelated to adverse effects. The remaining studies (one to two in each comparison) reported dropouts without stating how many of them may have been due to adverse reactions to the interventions. We judged the quality of this evidence as moderate, due to the indirectness of the results. The investigated interventions to prevent OIHD probably cause few or no serious adverse effects. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Moisturisers used alone or in combination with barrier creams may result in a clinically important protective effect, either in the long- or short-term, for the primary prevention of OIHD. Barrier creams alone may have slight protective effect, but this does not appear to be clinically important. The results for all of these comparisons were imprecise, and the low quality of the evidence means that our confidence in the effect estimates is limited. For skin protection education, the results varied substantially across the trials, the effect was imprecise, and the pooled risk reduction was not large enough to be clinically important. The very low quality of the evidence means that we are unsure as to whether skin protection education reduces the risk of developing OIHD. The interventions probably cause few or no serious adverse effects.We conclude that at present there is insufficient evidence to confidently assess the effectiveness of interventions used in the primary prevention of OIHD. This does not necessarily mean that current measures are ineffective. Even though the update of this review included larger studies of reasonable quality, there is still a need for trials which apply standardised measures for the detection of OIHD in order to determine the effectiveness of the different prevention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bauer
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University DresdenDepartment of DermatologyFetscherstr. 74DresdenGermany01307
| | - Henriette Rönsch
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University DresdenDepartment of DermatologyFetscherstr. 74DresdenGermany01307
| | - Peter Elsner
- Friedrich Schiller UniversityDepartment of Dermatology and AllergologyErfurter Strasse 35JenaGermanyD 07743
| | - Daan Dittmar
- University Medical Center GroningenDepartment of DermatologyHanzeplein 1GroningenNetherlands9713 GZ
| | - Cathy Bennett
- Coventry UniversityCentre for Innovative Research Across the Life Course (CIRAL)Richard Crossman BuildingGosford StreetCoventryUKCV1 5FB
| | | | - Judit Lukács
- University Hospital JenaDepartment of DermatologyErfurter Str. 35JenaGermany07743
| | - Swen Malte John
- University of OsnabrueckDepartment of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine, Health TheorySedanstr 115OsnabrueckGermanyDE 49069
| | - Hywel C Williams
- University of NottinghamCentre of Evidence Based DermatologyQueen's Medical CentreDerby RoadNottinghamUKNG7 2UH
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Kaiser J, Nimbarte AD, Davari D, Gopalakrishnan B, He X. Study of skin conductance and perceived discomfort of the hand/finger system under controlled atmospheric conditions. THEORETICAL ISSUES IN ERGONOMICS SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/1463922x.2016.1274453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashish D. Nimbarte
- Department of Industrial Management and Systems Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Reckling C, Engfeldt M, Bruze M. Occupational nitrile glove allergy caused by Pigment Blue 15. Contact Dermatitis 2017; 75:189-90. [PMID: 27480517 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Reckling
- Friends Dermatology Department, Kent and Canterbury Hospital, Canterbury, CT1 3NG, UK
| | - Malin Engfeldt
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital (SUS), Lund University, Malmö, 205 02, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital (SUS), Lund University, Malmö, 205 02, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hawkey S, Abdul Ghaffar S. Glove-related hand urticaria: an increasing occupational problem among healthcare workers. Br J Dermatol 2016; 174:1137-40. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Hawkey
- Department of Dermatology; Ninewells Hospital & Medical School; University of Dundee; Dundee DD1 9S U.K
| | - S. Abdul Ghaffar
- Department of Dermatology; Ninewells Hospital & Medical School; University of Dundee; Dundee DD1 9S U.K
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Caballero ML, Quirce S. Identification and practical management of latex allergy in occupational settings. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015; 11:977-92. [PMID: 26099284 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2015.1059754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Allergy to natural rubber latex (NRL) from Hevea brasiliensis is a relevant occupational health hazard. The use of gloves and products manufactured with latex and environmental allergen exposure in the work environment are risks factors for the development of occupational allergy among different job categories. Healthcare workers have been the most commonly affected, but other professions with exposure to latex products such as hairdressers, cleaners, food handlers and those making natural rubber latex (NRL) products are also at risk of developing occupational allergy. Clinical manifestations of IgE-mediated latex allergy can range from troublesome skin disorders to life-threatening systemic reactions. It is very important to identify the occupational allergic diseases in their early stages in order to implement avoidance strategies. For this purpose, the interventions for prevention should emphasize the importance of latex allergy awareness and surveillance among exposed workforces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Luisa Caballero
- Department of Allergy, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Impact of the vulcanization process on the structural characteristics and IgE recognition of two allergens, Hev b 2 and Hev b 6.02, extracted from latex surgical gloves. Mol Immunol 2015; 65:250-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
31
|
|
32
|
Hamilton RG, Scheer DI, Gruchalla R, Adkinson NF, Sampson HA. Casein-related anaphylaxis after use of an Everlast kickboxing glove. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 135:269-71. [PMID: 25218287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Hamilton
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
| | | | | | - N Franklin Adkinson
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Hugh A Sampson
- Pediatric Allergy Division, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Dianat I, Haslegrave CM, Stedmon AW. Methodology for evaluating gloves in relation to the effects on hand performance capabilities: a literature review. ERGONOMICS 2012; 55:1429-1451. [PMID: 22897425 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2012.708058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to review the literature on the methods that have been considered appropriate for evaluation of the effects of gloves on different aspects of hand performance, to make recommendations for the testing and assessment of gloves, and to identify where further research is needed to improve the evaluation protocols. Eighty-five papers meeting the criteria for inclusion were reviewed. Many studies show that gloves may have negative effects on manual dexterity, tactile sensitivity, handgrip strength, muscle activity and fatigue and comfort, while further research is needed to determine glove effects on pinch strength, forearm torque strength and range of finger and wrist movements. The review also highlights several methodological issues (including consideration of both task type and duration of glove use by workers, guidance on the selection and allocation of suitable glove(s) for particular tasks/jobs, and glove design features) that need to be considered in future research. Practitioner Summary: The relevant literature on the effects of protective gloves on different aspects of hand performance was reviewed to make recommendations for the testing and assessment of gloves, and to improve evaluation protocols. The review highlights research areas and methodological issues that need to be considered in future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Dianat
- Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Geier J, Lessmann H, Mahler V, Pohrt U, Uter W, Schnuch A. Occupational contact allergy caused by rubber gloves - nothing has changed. Contact Dermatitis 2012; 67:149-56. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2012.02139.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
35
|
Phalen RN, Wong WK. Tensile properties and integrity of clean room and low-modulus disposable nitrile gloves: a comparison of two dissimilar glove types. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 56:450-7. [PMID: 22201179 DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/mer116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The selection of disposable nitrile exam gloves is complicated by (i) the availability of several types or formulations, (ii) product variability, and (iii) an inability of common quality control tests to detect small holes in the fingers. Differences in polymer formulation (e.g. filler and plasticizer/oil content) and tensile properties are expected to account for much of the observed variability in performance. OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the tensile properties and integrity (leak failure rates) of two glove choices assumed to contain different amounts of plasticizers/oils. The primary aims were to determine if the tensile properties and integrity differed and if associations existed among these factors. Additional physical and chemical properties were evaluated. METHODS Six clean room and five low-modulus products were evaluated using the American Society for Testing and Materials Method D412 and a modified water-leak test to detect holes capable of passing a virus or chemical agent. RESULTS Significant differences in the leak failure rates and tensile properties existed between the two glove types (P ≤ 0.05). The clean room gloves were about three times more likely to have leak failures (chi-square; P = 0.001). No correlation was observed between leak failures and tensile properties. Solvent extract, an indication of added plasticizer/oil, was not associated with leak failures. However, gloves with a maximum modulus <4 MPa or area density (AD) <11 g cm(-2) were about four times less likely to leak. CONCLUSIONS On average, the low-modulus gloves were a better choice for protection against aqueous chemical or biological penetration. The observed variability between glove products indicated that glove selection cannot rely solely on glove type or manufacturer labeling. Measures of modulus and AD may aid in the selection process, in contrast with common measures of tensile strength and elongation at break.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert N Phalen
- Department of Health Science and Human Ecology, California State University San Bernardino, San Bernardino, CA 92407-2397, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Vigan M. Agents de vulcanisation et conservateurs de la batterie standard : nouvelles sources d’allergène. REVUE FRANCAISE D ALLERGOLOGIE 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reval.2011.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
37
|
Bauer A, Schmitt J, Bennett C, Coenraads PJ, Elsner P, English J, Williams HC. Interventions for preventing occupational irritant hand dermatitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010:CD004414. [PMID: 20556758 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd004414.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational irritant hand dermatitis (OIHD) is an important cause of discomfort in the working population. Different preventive measures are in place but it is not clear how effective these are. OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of interventions for preventing OIHD in healthy people who work in occupations where the skin is at risk of damage. SEARCH STRATEGY In May 2010, we searched the Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in The Cochrane Library, MEDLlNE and EMBASE. Conference proceedings, and ongoing trials registers were also searched. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) studying the effectiveness of barrier creams, moisturisers, gloves, complex educational interventions, and other interventions for the prevention of OIHD. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently assessed the trials and extracted data. MAIN RESULTS Four RCTs involving 894 participants from different occupations were included. The primary outcome was numbers of new cases.One large RCT of 708 print and dye workers compared 2 barrier creams (containing silicone or hydrocarbon) versus no intervention. Fewer workers using barrier creams developed OIHD than those who did not (39.9% versus 45%, (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.07. P = 0.11) but this was not statistically significant.In 1 RCT of 54 metal workers less developed OIHD when using an after work emollient or a barrier cream compared to no intervention. There was no statistical difference between the groups at different times of follow-up.One RCT of 111 cleaners and kitchen workers compared a moisturiser (Locobase) versus no intervention using a cross-over design. While using the moisturiser no participant developed OIHD. During the control period with no skin treatment, 19 (20.4%) out of 93 participants developed OIHD.One RCT of 21 hairdressers compared a barrier cream containing aluminium chlorohydrate (Excipial protect) versus its vehicle. No participant developed OIHD while the products were used.Only limited side-effects such as transient itching, stinging, and dryness were reported for the interventions. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Although the findings of this review were generally positive, no statistical significance was reached. We conclude that at present there is insufficient evidence for the effectiveness of most of the interventions used in the primary prevention of OIHD. This does not mean that current measures are necessarily ineffective, as the limited studies to date have been rather small and of poor quality. Larger well designed RCTs are now needed in different workplaces to establish the effectiveness of various preventative strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bauer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, Dresden, Germany, 01307
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cleenewerck MB. Gants de protection et santé au travail. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2010.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|