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Riegl B, Walentowitz A, Sevilla C, Chango R, Jäger H. Invasive blackberry outcompetes the endemic Galapagos tree daisy Scalesia pedunculata. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 33:e2846. [PMID: 36932847 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Island florae are under threat from habitat loss and competition with introduced species worldwide. In the Galapagos Islands, the endemic tree daisy Scalesia pedunculata (Asteraceae) is the dominant tree in the cloud forest of Santa Cruz Island but suffers from competition with the invasive blackberry Rubus niveus. At the site Los Gemelos, a S. pedunculata population was monitored from 2014 to 2021 following mechanical and chemical removal of R. niveus from 17 plots and compared with 17 additional plots where R. niveus remained. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impacts of the R. niveus invasion on S. pedunculata by characterizing the effects of R. niveus removal. Parameters measured in S. pedunculata were diameter at breast height (DBH, from which annual growth rates were determined), total height, survival of individual plants, and recruitment. In the presence of R. niveus, S. pedunculata trees had smaller DBH stems and shorter asymptotic maximum heights, growth rates declined for thin trees, the mortality of larger trees was elevated, and S. pedunculata recruitment was absent. R. niveus removal resulted in DBH-ratios of S. pedunculata more frequently meeting our threshold for fast growth (1.2), trees growing significantly thicker and taller, annual mortality being lower (12.5% vs. 16.2% per year), and recruitment being successful. In the presence of R. niveus, lower survival, growth, and absent recruitment suggested that S. pedunculata could reach quasi-extinction in ~20 years. Swift and decisive management action is needed to prevent the Scalesia forest on Santa Cruz Island from disappearing in less than two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Riegl
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, 8000 N. Ocean Drive, Dania, 33004, Hollywood, Florida, USA
| | - Anna Walentowitz
- University of Bayreuth, Biogeography, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - Rafael Chango
- Galapagos National Park Directorate, Galapagos, Ecuador
| | - Heinke Jäger
- Charles Darwin Research Station, Charles Darwin Foundation, Santa Cruz, Galapagos, Ecuador
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2
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Eckberg JN, Hubbard A, Schwarz ET, Smith ET, Sanders NJ. The dominant plant species
Solidago canadensis
structures multiple trophic levels in an old‐field ecosystem. Ecosphere 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julia N. Eckberg
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Akane Hubbard
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Eva T. Schwarz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Elliott T. Smith
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Nathan J. Sanders
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
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3
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Maceda-Veiga A, Nally RM, de Sostoa A, Yen JDL. Patterns of species richness, abundance and individual-size distributions in native stream-fish assemblages invaded by exotic and translocated fishes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:155953. [PMID: 35588834 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the impacts of species introductions long has attracted the attention of ecologists yet there still is limited insight into how impacts on native assemblages vary with the degree of shared evolutionary context. Here, we used data from 535 stream-fish surveys from 15 catchments in north-eastern Spain (99,700 km2) to explore whether the relative effects on native fishes differ between fish introductions from two different ecoregions (i.e., evolutionary contexts), namely, catchments within Iberian Peninsula (i.e., 'translocated species') and catchments beyond Iberian Peninsula (i.e., 'exotic fishes'). We used hierarchical Bayesian models to relate taxon richness, abundance, and the individual-size distributions (ISDs) of native fishes to the presence, abundance, and weighted trophic level (TL) of translocated and exotic fishes, conditional on geographic and habitat covariates. Environmental covariates dominated the percentage of explained variance (≥ 65%) for all responses. Translocated fishes accounted for more of the explained variance than did exotic fishes for ISDs and abundance, but not for native fish species richness. The presence of translocated fishes was associated with lower abundance and richness of native fishes, with individuals being smaller in the presence of translocated fishes of higher TL. The presence of exotic fishes was associated with a greater abundance and richness of native fishes, with individuals generally being larger in the presence of exotic fishes. Our study suggests that translocated fishes could be as problematic as exotic fishes when angling and water transfers among catchments to deal with climate change may increase the establishment of translocated fishes. We also discuss the difficulties of using fish body size as species-blind, transferable assemblage-level trait in fish monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Integrative Zoology Lab, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat, Universitat de Barcelona (IRBio), Avda. Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ralph Mac Nally
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - Adolfo de Sostoa
- Integrative Zoology Lab, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat, Universitat de Barcelona (IRBio), Avda. Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jian D L Yen
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, VIC, Australia; Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
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4
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Morrison JA, Fertitta M, Zymaris C, diBartolo A, Akparanta C. Deer and invasive plants in suburban forests: assessing variation in deer pressure and herbivory. ECOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2021.1958535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan Fertitta
- Department of Biology, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ, USA
| | | | - Amanda diBartolo
- Department of Biology, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ, USA
| | - Chika Akparanta
- Department of Biology, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ, USA
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5
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Wei Q, Yin R, Huang J, Vogler AP, Li Y, Miao X, Kardol P. The diversity of soil mesofauna declines after bamboo invasion in subtropical China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 789:147982. [PMID: 34052488 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant invasions often act as ecosystem 'simplifiers' to simplify diversity and community structure of soil biota. However, inconsistent relationships between plant invasion and soil fauna have been found and few studies have addressed how soil fauna communities change upon plant invasions across taxa and feeding guilds. Here, we investigated the effects of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) invasion in subtropical China on soil mesofauna communities using novel high-throughput sequencing (HTS). Specifically, we analyzed the spatio-temporal dynamics of fauna diversity and feeding guilds in the litter and soil layers for three stages of moso bamboo invasion, i.e., uninvaded (secondary broadleaved forest), moderately invaded (mixed bamboo forest) and completely invaded (P. edulis forest). Overall, we found that the completely invaded bamboo forest decreased species richness and diversity of total fauna, herbivores, and microbivores consistently across different soil layers, but less so detritivores and predators. Although we did not find any interaction effects of bamboo invasion and soil layers on soil fauna diversity indices, significant interaction effects were found on the community composition, for total fauna and their feeding guilds. Specifically, the detrimental effects of bamboo invasion on the trophic structure of soil fauna communities were more profound in the litter layer than in the soil layer, suggesting that a litter layer with more diverse taxa does not mean higher resistance to plant invasion in maintaining the soil food web structure. Taken together, our findings suggest that different responses within fauna feeding guilds to plant invasion were pervasive, and a deeper soil layer may better alleviate the negative effects of pant invasion on fauna community structure. These shifts in soil biodiversity may further degrade ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Wei
- Department of Forestry Protection, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Rui Yin
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Department of Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, 06110 Halle (Saale), Germany; Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junhao Huang
- Department of Forestry Protection, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China.
| | - Alfried P Vogler
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK.; Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park Campus, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| | - Yongchun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xiaoqian Miao
- Department of Forestry Protection, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Paul Kardol
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901-83 Umeå, Sweden
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Cornelius ML, Herlihy MV, Vinyard BT, Weber DC, Greenstone MH. Parasitism and Predation on Sentinel Egg Masses of Three Stink Bug Species (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Native and Exotic Ornamental Landscapes. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:590-596. [PMID: 33522562 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated parasitism and predation on sentinel egg masses of three stink bug species, the spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris (Say), the brown stink bug, Euschistus servus (Say), and the invasive brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys (Stål), in ornamental landscapes composed of either native or exotic plants. This study also compared the species composition of parasitoids attacking two native stink bug species (P. maculiventris and E. servus) with those attacking the invasive BMSB on the same tree species in the same habitat. Overall, egg parasitism and predation were much higher on the two native stink bug species compared with BMSB, with an average parasitism rate of 20.6% for E. servus, 12.7% for P. maculiventris, and only 4.2% for H. halys and an average predation rate of 8.2% for E. servus,17.7% for P. maculiventris, and 2.3% for H. halys. Egg predation was also significantly higher on P. maculiventris than on E. servus eggs. Eight parasitoid species attacked sentinel stink bug eggs in the ornamental landscaped plots. Trissolcus euschisti (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) was the predominant parasitoid for all three stink bug species. There were no significant differences in parasitism and predation rates on any of the stink bug species between native and exotic plots. Therefore, there is no evidence that ornamental landscapes composed of native plants increased parasitism or predation rates of sentinel egg masses of two native stink bug species or the invasive BMSB, compared with those composed entirely of exotic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary L Cornelius
- Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD
| | - Megan V Herlihy
- Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD
| | - Bryan T Vinyard
- Statistics Group, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Northeast Area Office, Beltsville, MD
| | - Donald C Weber
- Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD
| | - Matthew H Greenstone
- Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD
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7
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Liu J, Xu G, Yin L, Xu X, Armitage DW, Dong T. Invasive plants exert disproportionately negative allelopathic effects on the growth and physiology of the earthworm Eisenia fetida. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 747:141534. [PMID: 32795807 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exotic invasive plants possess the capacity to disrupt and extirpate populations of native species. Native plants' increased sensitivity to invaders' allelochemicals is a mechanism by which this can occur. However, it is not clear whether and how the allelopathic effects of invasive plants affect members of the soil faunal community - particularly the important functional guild of earthworms. We used the model earthworm Eisenia fetida to investigate the responses to extracts from the widely invasive Asterids (Ageratina adenophora, Bidens pilosa, Erigeron annuus) and closely-related native species in a greenhouse experiment. We observed declines in body mass and respiration, and increases in oxidative and DNA damage biomarkers in the native earthworm E. fetida when grown under root and leaf extracts from these invasive plants. These effects were concentration-dependent, and worm growth and physiology was most negatively affected under the highest concentrations of leaf extracts. Most importantly, extracts from invasive plants caused significantly more negative effects on E. fetida than did extracts from native plant species, indicating allelopathy from invasive plants may inhibit earthworm physiological functioning. These results expand the domain of the novel weapons hypothesis to the earthworm guild and demonstrate the utility of E. fetida as a bioindicator for plant allelochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China
| | - Gang Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Lingzi Yin
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China
| | - David W Armitage
- Department of BioSciences, Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Tingfa Dong
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Biodiversity Conservation (Sichuan Province), Institute of Plant Adaptation and Utilization in Southwest Mountains, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China.
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8
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Foster JG, Ploughe LW, Akin-Fajiye M, Singh JP, Bottos E, Van Hamme J, Fraser LH. Exploring trophic effects of spotted knapweed (Centaurea stoebe L.) on arthropod diversity using DNA metabarcoding. FOOD WEBS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2020.e00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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9
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Barlow KM, Mortensen DA, Drohan PJ. Soil pH influences patterns of plant community composition after restoration with native‐based seed mixes. Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M. Barlow
- Department of Plant Science The Pennsylvania State University State College PA 16802 U.S.A
| | - David A. Mortensen
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems University of New Hampshire State College NH 03824 U.S.A
| | - Patrick J. Drohan
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management The Pennsylvania State University State College PA 16802 U.S.A
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10
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Varriano S, Patel K, Lefler L, Kirksey C, Turner A, Moran MD. Effects of Lespedeza cuneata invasion on tallgrass prairie plant and arthropod communities. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02310-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Rodríguez J, Novoa A, Cordero-Rivera A, Richardson DM, González L. Biogeographical comparison of terrestrial invertebrates and trophic feeding guilds in the native and invasive ranges of Carpobrotus edulis. NEOBIOTA 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.56.49087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant invasions impact on biodiversity by altering the composition of native communities by disrupting taxonomic and functional diversity. Non-native plants are often released from their natural enemies, which might result in a reduction of the attack of primary consumers. However, they can also be exposed to the attack of new herbivores that they might not be able to tolerate. Hence, invertebrate communities can be influenced by invasive non-native plants, which in turn modify interactions and change environmental conditions. In this study, we examined the compositional and trophic diversity of invertebrate species, comparing ecosystems with and without the plant species Carpobrotus edulis in coastal areas in its native (South Africa) and introduced (Iberian Peninsula) ranges. Results show that C. edulis has a clear impact on invertebrate communities in its non-native range, reducing their abundance in invaded areas, and particularly affecting certain trophic groups. Invasive C. edulis also alters the invertebrate diversity by not only reducing abundance but also by altering species composition. Overall, the physical dominance of C. edulis modifies the co-occurrence of invertebrate assemblages, reducing the number of trophic groups and leading to substantial effects on primary consumers. Results suggest that the lack of natural enemies might be an important driver of the expansion of C. edulis in its introduced range. Further work is needed to examine long-term changes caused by non-native plants on invertebrate assemblages and the subsequent modification of biological interactions.
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Heiselmeyer T, Boulton A, Beauchamp V. The Relationship Between Native Insects and an Invasive Grass (Oplismenus undulatifolius) in the Mid-Atlantic United States. Northeast Nat (Steuben) 2019. [DOI: 10.1656/045.026.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Heiselmeyer
- Environmental Biology, Hood College, 401 Rosemont Avenue, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - April Boulton
- Environmental Biology, Hood College, 401 Rosemont Avenue, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - Vanessa Beauchamp
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, 8000 York Road, Towson, MD 21252
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Riedl HL, Stinson L, Pejchar L, Clements WH. An introduced plant affects aquatic-derived carbon in the diets of riparian birds. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207389. [PMID: 30481226 PMCID: PMC6258477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-native plants can impact riparian ecosystem function through diverse terrestrial and aquatic pathways, with cascading effects on food webs. Invasion-mediated vegetation changes can depress terrestrial arthropod communities and alter arthropod flux across the aquatic-terrestrial interface. We investigated the effects of a non-native woody plant, Robinia neomexicana, on insect contributions to riparian songbird diets. This plant was introduced over 100 years ago to the Clear Creek drainage in northwestern Colorado (USA) from its native range, which extends into southern Colorado. We used stable isotope analysis of insects and avian feces to 1) assess whether the relative contributions of aquatic- and terrestrial-derived arthropod prey differed between reference sites and sites invaded by R. neomexicana, and 2) quantify the amount of aquatic- and terrestrial-derived resources consumed by an insectivorous songbird assemblage. Two species of insectivorous songbirds consumed more aquatic insects in invaded sites compared to reference sites. This change in terrestrial- and aquatic-derived prey in bird diets in response to a near-range plant invasion suggests that the introduction of novel species from more distant native ranges could produce similar or stronger effects. Overall, the songbird community consumed approximately 34% aquatic resources, which highlights the importance of these subsidies to riparian consumers. Our investigation of insect subsidies demonstrates how introduced species can indirectly affect food webs and provides insight into the plasticity of riparian consumer responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L. Riedl
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of Ameirca
- * E-mail:
| | - Lani Stinson
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of Ameirca
| | - Liba Pejchar
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of Ameirca
| | - William H. Clements
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of Ameirca
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14
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Linear and non-linear effects of goldenrod invasions on native pollinator and plant populations. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1874-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Haram LE, Kinney KA, Sotka EE, Byers JE. Mixed effects of an introduced ecosystem engineer on the foraging behavior and habitat selection of predators. Ecology 2018; 99:2751-2762. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linsey E. Haram
- Odum School of Ecology University of Georgia 140 E Green Street Athens Georgia 30602 USA
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center 647 Contees Wharf Road Edgewater Maryland 21037 USA
| | - Kaitlin A. Kinney
- Odum School of Ecology University of Georgia 140 E Green Street Athens Georgia 30602 USA
- School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University 2021 Coffey Road Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
| | - Erik E. Sotka
- Grice Marine Laboratory College of Charleston 205 Fort Johnson Road Charleston South Carolina 29412 USA
| | - James E. Byers
- Odum School of Ecology University of Georgia 140 E Green Street Athens Georgia 30602 USA
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Qin X, Lu Y, Peng Z, Fan S, Yao Y. Systematic Chemical Analysis Approach Reveals Superior Antioxidant Capacity via the Synergistic Effect of Flavonoid Compounds in Red Vegetative Tissues. Front Chem 2018; 6:9. [PMID: 29468147 PMCID: PMC5808280 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The flavonoid system comprises an abundance of compounds with multiple functions; however, their potential synergism in antioxidant function remains unclear. We established an approach using ever-red (RL) and ever-green leaves (GL) of crabapple cultivars during their development to determine interrelationships among flavonoid compounds. RL scored significantly better than GL in terms of the type, composition, and diversity of flavonoids than GL. Principal component analysis predicted flavonoids in RL to have positive interaction effects, and the total antioxidant capacity was significantly higher than the sum of antioxidant capacities of the individual compounds. This synergy was verified by the high antioxidant capacity in rat serum after feeding on red leaves. Our findings suggest that the synergistic effect is a result of the high transcription levels regulated by McMYBs in RL. In summary, individual flavonoids cooperate in a flavonoid system, thus producing a synergistic antioxidant effect, and the approach used herein can provide insights into the roles of flavonoids and other compounds in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shuangxi Fan
- Technology Industry Group, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environmental Improvement with Forestry Fruit Trees, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yuncong Yao
- Technology Industry Group, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environmental Improvement with Forestry Fruit Trees, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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17
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Morrison JA. Effects of white-tailed deer and invasive plants on the herb layer of suburban forests. AOB PLANTS 2017; 9:plx058. [PMID: 29218140 PMCID: PMC5710600 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plx058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lack of hunting and predators and proximity to human communities make suburban forests prone to high deer abundance and non-native plant invasions. I investigated these likely drivers of community structure in the herb layers of six suburban forests in one region of New Jersey, USA. In 223 plots I assessed the herb layer response to 2.5 years with or without deer fencing and the early stage of invasion from seed additions of Microstegium vimineum, an invasive, annual grass. Non-native plants and herbaceous native plants were affected very little by fencing or M. vimineum invasion. In contrast, across all forests the combination of deer access and M. vimineum addition had a strongly negative effect on woody native percent cover. Forests differed in overall fencing effects on woody natives; their cover was greater in fenced plots in just three forests, suggesting greater deer pressure in those forests during the experiment. The early invasion by M. vimineum was greatest in two of these same forests, but was not influenced by fencing. Multi-group structural equation modelling compared two groups of forests that differed in vegetation abundance and other characteristics. It paralleled the results above and also showed no negative influence of non-native cover on native cover, even in the forests where non-native cover was greater. It identified a positive effect of light level on herb layer plants in the forests with less vegetation, and also revealed a positive effect of soil water potential (SWP) on non-native plants in the forests with more vegetation, which had higher SWP. These suburban forests within a common region varied widely in native and non-native herb layer abundance, the early success of M. vimineum invasion and the herb layer's response to early invasion and protection from deer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet A Morrison
- Department of Biology, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ 08628, USA
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Grant PBC, Samways MJ. Use of ecoacoustics to determine biodiversity patterns across ecological gradients. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2016; 30:1320-1329. [PMID: 27113387 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The variety of local animal sounds characterizes a landscape. We used ecoacoustics to noninvasively assess the species richness of various biotopes typical of an ecofriendly forest plantation with diverse ecological gradients and both nonnative and indigenous vegetation. The reference area was an adjacent large World Heritage Site protected area (PA). All sites were in a global biodiversity hotspot. Our results showed how taxa segregated into various biotopes. We identified 65 singing species, including birds, frogs, crickets, and katydids. Large, natural, protected grassland sites in the PA had the highest mean acoustic diversity (14.1 species/site). Areas covered in nonnative timber or grass species were devoid of acoustic species. Sites grazed by native and domestic megaherbivores were fairly rich (5.1) in acoustic species but none were unique to this habitat type, where acoustic diversity was greater than in intensively managed grassland sites (0.04). Natural vegetation patches inside the plantation mosaic supported high mean acoustic diversity (indigenous forests 7.6, grasslands 8.0, wetlands 9.1), which increased as plant heterogeneity and patch size increased. Indigenous forest patches within the plantation mosaic contained a highly characteristic acoustic species assemblage, emphasizing their complementary contribution to local biodiversity. Overall, acoustic signals determined spatial biodiversity patterns and can be a useful tool for guiding conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul B C Grant
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
| | - Michael J Samways
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
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Tekiela DR, Barney JN. Co-invasion of similar invaders results in analogous ecological impact niches and no synergies. Biol Invasions 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-016-1269-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Schirmel J, Bundschuh M, Entling MH, Kowarik I, Buchholz S. Impacts of invasive plants on resident animals across ecosystems, taxa, and feeding types: a global assessment. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2016; 22:594-603. [PMID: 26390918 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
As drivers of global change, biological invasions have fundamental ecological consequences. However, it remains unclear how invasive plant effects on resident animals vary across ecosystems, animal classes, and functional groups. We performed a comprehensive meta-analysis covering 198 field and laboratory studies reporting a total of 3624 observations of invasive plant effects on animals. Invasive plants had reducing (56%) or neutral (44%) effects on animal abundance, diversity, fitness, and ecosystem function across different ecosystems, animal classes, and feeding types while we could not find any increasing effect. Most importantly, we found that invasive plants reduced overall animal abundance, diversity and fitness. However, this significant overall effect was contingent on ecosystems, taxa, and feeding types of animals. Decreasing effects of invasive plants were most evident in riparian ecosystems, possibly because frequent disturbance facilitates more intense plant invasions compared to other ecosystem types. In accordance with their immediate reliance on plants for food, invasive plant effects were strongest on herbivores. Regarding taxonomic groups, birds and insects were most strongly affected. In insects, this may be explained by their high frequency of herbivory, while birds demonstrate that invasive plant effects can also cascade up to secondary consumers. Since data on impacts of invasive plants are rather limited for many animal groups in most ecosystems, we argue for overcoming gaps in knowledge and for a more differentiated discussion on effects of invasive plant on native fauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Schirmel
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Mirco Bundschuh
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829, Landau, Germany
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7050, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin H Entling
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Ingo Kowarik
- Department of Ecology, Chair of Plant Ecology and Ecosystem Science, TU Berlin, Rothenburgstraße 12, 12165, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sascha Buchholz
- Department of Ecology, Chair of Plant Ecology and Ecosystem Science, TU Berlin, Rothenburgstraße 12, 12165, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), 14195, Berlin, Germany
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McCary MA, Mores R, Farfan MA, Wise DH. Invasive plants have different effects on trophic structure of green and brown food webs in terrestrial ecosystems: a meta-analysis. Ecol Lett 2016; 19:328-35. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. McCary
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Illinois; Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Robin Mores
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Illinois; Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Monica A. Farfan
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Illinois; Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - David H. Wise
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Illinois; Chicago IL 60607 USA
- Institute for Environmental Science and Policy; University of Illinois; Chicago IL 60612 USA
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Maceda-Veiga A, Basas H, Lanzaco G, Sala M, de Sostoa A, Serra A. Impacts of the invader giant reed (Arundo donax) on riparian habitats and ground arthropod communities. Biol Invasions 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-015-1044-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Tekiela DR, Barney JN. System-level changes following invasion caused by disruption of functional relationships among plant and soil properties. Ecosphere 2015. [DOI: 10.1890/es15-00412.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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24
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Pehle A, Schirmel J. Moss invasion in a dune ecosystem influences ground-dwelling arthropod community structure and reduces soil biological activity. Biol Invasions 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-015-0971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Leinaas HP, Bengtsson J, Janion-Scheepers C, Chown SL. Indirect effects of habitat disturbance on invasion: nutritious litter from a grazing resistant plant favors alien over native Collembola. Ecol Evol 2015; 5:3462-71. [PMID: 26380678 PMCID: PMC4569040 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological invasions are major threats to biodiversity, with impacts that may be compounded by other forms of environmental change. Observations of high density of the invasive springtail (Collembola), Hypogastrura manubrialis in heavily grazed renosterveld vegetation in the Western Cape, South Africa, raised the question of whether the invasion was favored by changes in plant litter quality associated with habitat disturbance in this vegetation type. To examine the likely mechanisms underlying the high abundance of H. manubrialis, cages with three types of naturally occurring litter with different nutrient content were placed out in the area and collected after different periods of time. Hypogastrura manubrialis was mainly found in the nutrient-rich litter of the yellowbush (Galenia africana), which responds positively to disturbance in the form of overgrazing. This suggests that invasion may have been facilitated by a positive interaction with this grazing resistant plant. By contrast, indigenous Collembola were least abundant in yellowbush litter. Negative correlations between high abundance of H. manubrialis and the abundance and diversity of other species suggest that competitive interactions might underlie low abundance of these other species at the patch level. Group behavior enables H. manubrialis to utilize efficiently this ephemeral, high quality resource, and might improve its competitive ability. The results suggest that interactions among environmental change drivers may lead to unforeseen invasion effects. H. manubrialis is not likely to be very successful in un-grazed renosterveld, but in combination with grazing, favoring the nutrient-rich yellowbush, it may become highly invasive. Field manipulations are required to fully verify these conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Petter Leinaas
- Department of Bioscience, University of Oslo PO Box 1066, 0136, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Bengtsson
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) Box 7044, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Charlene Janion-Scheepers
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1, 7602, Matieland, South Africa
| | - Steven L Chown
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia ; Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1, 7602, Matieland, South Africa
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Farrell KA, Harpole WS, Stein C, Suding KN, Borer ET. Grassland Arthropods Are Controlled by Direct and Indirect Interactions with Cattle but Are Largely Unaffected by Plant Provenance. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129823. [PMID: 26158494 PMCID: PMC4497643 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cattle grazing and invasion by non-native plant species are globally-ubiquitous changes occurring to plant communities that are likely to reverberate through whole food webs. We used a manipulative field experiment to quantify how arthropod community structure differed in native and non-native California grassland communities in the presence and absence of grazing. The arthropod community was strongly affected by cattle grazing: the biovolume of herbivorous arthropods was 79% higher in grazed than ungrazed plots, whereas the biovolume of predatory arthropods was 13% higher in ungrazed plots. In plots where non-native grasses were grazed, arthropod biovolume increased, possibly in response to increased plant productivity or increased nutritional quality of rapidly-growing annual plants. Grazing may thus affect plant biomass both through the direct removal of biomass, and through arthropod-mediated impacts. We also expected the arthropod community to differ between native and non-native plant communities; surprisingly, arthropod richness and diversity did not vary consistently between these grass community types, although arthropod abundance was slightly higher in plots with native and ungrazed grasses. These results suggest that whereas cattle grazing affects the arthropod community via direct and indirect pathways, arthropod community changes commonly associated with non-native plant invasions may not be due to the identity or dominance of the invasive species in those systems, but to accompanying changes in plant traits or functional group composition, not seen in this experiment because of the similarity of the plant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Anne Farrell
- Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - W. Stanley Harpole
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Claudia Stein
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Katharine N. Suding
- Environmental Science, Policy & Management, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth T. Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
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Patterns of Trophic-level Diversity Associated with Herbaceous Dune Vegetation Across a Primary Successional Gradient. AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST 2015. [DOI: 10.1674/amid-173-02-177-190.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Estrada JA, Flory SL. Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) invasions in the US: Mechanisms, impacts, and threats to biodiversity. Glob Ecol Conserv 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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29
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Litt AR, Cord EE, Fulbright TE, Schuster GL. Effects of invasive plants on arthropods. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2014; 28:1532-49. [PMID: 25065640 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Non-native plants have invaded nearly all ecosystems and represent a major component of global ecological change. Plant invasions frequently change the composition and structure of vegetation communities, which can alter animal communities and ecosystem processes. We reviewed 87 articles published in the peer-reviewed literature to evaluate responses of arthropod communities and functional groups to non-native invasive plants. Total abundance of arthropods decreased in 62% of studies and increased in 15%. Taxonomic richness decreased in 48% of studies and increased in 13%. Herbivorous arthropods decreased in response to plant invasions in 48% of studies and increased in 17%, likely due to direct effects of decreased plant diversity. Predaceous arthropods decreased in response to invasive plants in 44% of studies, which may reflect indirect effects due to reductions in prey. Twenty-two percent of studies documented increases in predators, which may reflect changes in vegetation structure that improved mobility, survival, or web-building for these species. Detritivores increased in 67% of studies, likely in response to increased litter and decaying vegetation; no studies documented decreased abundance in this functional group. Although many researchers have examined effects of plant invasions on arthropods, sizeable information gaps remain, specifically regarding how invasive plants influence habitat and dietary requirements. Beyond this, the ability to predict changes in arthropod populations and communities associated with plant invasions could be improved by adopting a more functional and mechanistic approach. Understanding responses of arthropods to invasive plants will critically inform conservation of virtually all biodiversity and ecological processes because so many organisms depend on arthropods as prey or for their functional roles, including pollination, seed dispersal, and decomposition. Given their short generation times and ability to respond rapidly to ecological change, arthropods may be ideal targets for restoration and conservation activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea R Litt
- Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX, 78363, U.S.A
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30
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Burkman CE, Gardiner MM. Spider assemblages within greenspaces of a deindustrialized urban landscape. Urban Ecosyst 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-014-0430-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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DeVore JL, Maerz JC. Grass invasion increases top-down pressure on an amphibian via structurally mediated effects on an intraguild predator. Ecology 2014; 95:1724-30. [PMID: 25163106 DOI: 10.1890/13-1715.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Plants serve as both basal resources and ecosystem engineers, so plant invasion may exert trophic influences on consumers both via bottom-up processes and by altering the environmental context in which trophic interactions occur. To determine how these mechanisms affect a native predator we used a mark-recapture study in eight pairs of 58-m2 field enclosures to measure the influence of Japanese stilt grass invasion on 3200 recently metamorphosed American toads. Toad survivorship was lower in invaded habitats despite abiotic effects that favor amphibians. Prey densities were also lower in invaded habitats, but growth was unaffected. Frequent spider predation events in invaded habitats led us to use factorial field cage manipulations of stilt grass and lycosid spiders to determine if invasion increases predation rates. Spiders persisted at higher densities in the presence of stilt grass, and toad survival was lowest in cages with both grass and spiders. Invasion alone did not significantly reduce toad survival. Our results demonstrate that despite prey reductions and abiotic effects, it is increased spider persistence that reduces toad survival in invaded habitats. Invasion therefore affects resident forest floor consumers by modifying trophic interactions between native species, causing structurally mediated reductions in intraguild predation rates among spiders, with cascading implications for toad survival.
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32
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Flory SL, Bauer JT. Experimental evidence for indirect facilitation among invasive plants. JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2014. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Luke Flory
- Agronomy Department; University of Florida; Gainesville FL 32611 USA
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33
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34
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Status of exotic grasses and grass-like vegetation and potential impacts on wildlife in New England. WILDLIFE SOC B 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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35
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Invasive alien plants affect grassland ant communities, colony size and foraging behaviour. Biol Invasions 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-013-0461-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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36
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Spafford R, Lortie C, Butterfield B. A systematic review of arthropod community diversity in association with invasive plants. NEOBIOTA 2013. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.16.4190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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37
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Predicting Microstegium vimineum invasion in natural plant communities of the southern Blue Ridge Mountains, USA. Biol Invasions 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-012-0361-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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38
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Rentería JL, Gardener MR, Panetta FD, Atkinson R, Crawley MJ. Possible impacts of the invasive plant Rubus niveus on the native vegetation of the Scalesia forest in the Galapagos islands. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48106. [PMID: 23118934 PMCID: PMC3485296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Originally from Asia, Rubus niveus has become one of the most widespread invasive plant species in the Galapagos Islands. It has invaded open vegetation, shrubland and forest alike. It forms dense thickets up to 4 m high, appearing to displace native vegetation, and threaten the integrity of several native communities. This study used correlation analysis between a R. niveus cover gradient and a number of biotic (vascular plant species richness, cover and vegetation structure) and abiotic (light and soil properties) parameters to help understand possible impacts in one of the last remaining fragments of the Scalesia forest in Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos. Higher cover of R. niveus was associated with significantly lower native species richness and cover, and a different forest structure. Results illustrated that 60% R. niveus cover could be considered a threshold for these impacts. We suggest that a maximum of 40% R. niveus cover could be a suitable management target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Luis Rentería
- Department of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berkshire, United Kingdom.
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40
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Tang Y, Warren RJ, Kramer TD, Bradford MA. Plant invasion impacts on arthropod abundance, diversity and feeding consistent across environmental and geographic gradients. Biol Invasions 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-012-0258-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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41
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Flory SL, Long F, Clay K. Invasive Microstegium populations consistently outperform native range populations across diverse environments. Ecology 2012; 92:2248-57. [PMID: 22352164 DOI: 10.1890/11-0363.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Plant species introduced into novel ranges may become invasive due to evolutionary change, phenotypic plasticity, or other biotic or abiotic mechanisms. Evolution of introduced populations could be the result of founder effects, drift, hybridization, or adaptation to local conditions, which could enhance the invasiveness of introduced species. However, understanding whether the success of invading populations is due to genetic differences between native and introduced populations may be obscured by origin x environment interactions. That is, studies conducted under a limited set of environmental conditions may show inconsistent results if native or introduced populations are differentially adapted to specific conditions. We tested for genetic differences between native and introduced populations, and for origin x environment interactions, between native (China) and introduced (U.S.) populations of the invasive annual grass Microstegium vimineum (stiltgrass) across 22 common gardens spanning a wide range of habitats and environmental conditions. On average, introduced populations produced 46% greater biomass and had 7.4% greater survival, and outperformed native range populations in every common garden. However, we found no evidence that introduced Microstegium exhibited greater phenotypic plasticity than native populations. Biomass of Microstegium was positively correlated with light and resident community richness and biomass across the common gardens. However, these relationships were equivalent for native and introduced populations, suggesting that the greater mean performance of introduced populations is not due to unequal responses to specific environmental parameters. Our data on performance of invasive and native populations suggest that post-introduction evolutionary changes may have enhanced the invasive potential of this species. Further, the ability of Microstegium to survive and grow across the wide variety of environmental conditions demonstrates that few habitats are immune to invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Luke Flory
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 East 3rd Street, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
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43
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Shannon S, Flory SL, Reynolds H. Competitive context alters plant-soil feedback in an experimental woodland community. Oecologia 2011; 169:235-43. [PMID: 22101382 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-011-2195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent findings on feedback between plants and soil microbial communities have improved our understanding of mechanisms underlying the success and consequences of invasions. However, additional studies to test for feedback in the presence and absence of interspecific competition, which may alter the strength or direction of feedbacks, are needed. We tested for soil microbial feedback in communities of the invasive grass Microstegium vimineum and commonly co-occurring native plant species. To incorporate competitive context, we used a factorial design with three plant treatments (M. vimineum alone, M. vimineum with the native plant community, and the native community without M. vimineum) and two soil inoculum treatments (experimentally invaded and uninvaded soil). When competing with M. vimineum, native communities were 27% more productive in invaded than uninvaded soil. In contrast, soil type did not significantly affect M. vimineum biomass or fecundity. At the community level, these results indicate a net negative soil microbial feedback when native plants and M. vimineum are grown in competitive mixture, but not when they are grown separately. Since positive, not negative, feedback is associated with dominance and invasion, our findings do not support plant-soil feedback as a driver of invasion in this species. Our results do show that the importance of soil feedback can change with competitive context. Such context-dependency implies that soil feedback may change when competitive interactions between natives and invading species shift as invasions progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Shannon
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
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Flory SL, Kleczewski N, Clay K. Ecological consequences of pathogen accumulation on an invasive grass. Ecosphere 2011. [DOI: 10.1890/es11-00191.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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45
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Greater performance of introduced vs. native range populations of Microstegium vimineum across different light environments. Basic Appl Ecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2011.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Craig S, Kannadan S, Flory SL, Seifert EK, Whitney KD, Rudgers JA. Potential for endophyte symbiosis to increase resistance of the native grass Poa alsodes to invasion by the non-native grass Microstegium vimineum. Symbiosis 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-010-0102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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47
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Mattingly WB, Flory SL. Plant architecture affects periodical cicada oviposition behavior on native and non-native hosts. OIKOS 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2010.18994.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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48
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Per capita community-level effects of an invasive grass, Microstegium vimineum, on vegetation in mesic forests in northern Mississippi (USA). Biol Invasions 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-010-9861-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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49
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Flory SL, Clay K. Non-native grass invasion suppresses forest succession. Oecologia 2010; 164:1029-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-010-1697-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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