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Moosavi H, Hajizadeh H, Mamaghani ZSZ, Rezaei F, Ahrari F. Comparison of various methods of restoring adhesion to recently bleached enamel. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:942. [PMID: 39143460 PMCID: PMC11323349 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04656-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM This study compared the effectiveness of several techniques in restoring compromised bonding to recently bleached enamel. METHODS Seventy-five healthy bovine incisors were divided into five groups (n = 15). Fifteen teeth (Group 1) remained intact, whereas 60 (Groups 2 to 5) underwent at-home bleaching with 16% carbamide peroxide. The bonding procedures were as follows: Group 1: Bonding of resin composite to unbleached enamel; Group 2: Bonding immediately after bleaching; Group 3: Application of a 10% sodium ascorbate solution for 10 min before bonding; Group 4: Enamel removal to the depth of 0.5 mm; and Group 5: Increased curing time of the bonding agent to 80 instead of 20 s. After 24 h, the specimens were subjected to micro-shear testing, and the failure mode was determined. RESULTS ANOVA revealed a significant difference in bond strength among the groups (P < 0.001). The mean bond strength was significantly lower in group 2 than in other groups (P < 0.05), which showed comparable bond strength to each other (P > 0.05). Adhesive failure was the most predominant failure type in all groups. The mixed failure occurred with a frequency of 26.7% in groups 3 and 5. The Fisher's exact test revealed a significant difference in failure modes among the groups (P = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS The three experimental procedures used in this study, including the application of 10% sodium ascorbate before bonding, enamel removal to the depth of 0.5 mm, and increasing the curing time of the bonding agent to 80 s, were effective in restoring the compromised bonding to recently bleached enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horieh Moosavi
- Department of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Heila Hajizadeh
- Department of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | | | - Farzaneh Ahrari
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Nicholas LS, Yew Christopher QE, Fei Frank LK. Conservative esthetic management of brown enamel fluorosis using combination therapy: A clinical report. J Conserv Dent 2023; 26:349-354. [PMID: 37398859 PMCID: PMC10309132 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_632_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental fluorosis is caused by ingestion of excessive fluoride during tooth development resulting in hypomineralization of the enamel and can present as white or brown intrinsic lesions. This case report describes a combination of minimally invasive techniques: microabrasion, bleaching, and resin infiltration to address brown enamel fluorosis present on the maxillary anterior teeth of a young patient. Before resin infiltration, air microabrasion was targeted at subsurface lesions located on the maxillary central and lateral incisors, and chairside bleaching was done with 37% hydrogen peroxide (Opalescence). After which, hypoplastic lesions on the buccal surfaces were etched before being treated with two sessions of resin infiltration (ICON and DMG). Following treatment, satisfactory esthetic outcomes were achieved. Accurate diagnosis, depth of lesions, and understanding the effectiveness and limitations of each technique are essential to select the appropriate type of treatment to obtain the best esthetic outcome. In conclusion, the conservative management of varying severity of dental fluorosis may require the appropriate use of combination treatment modalities, such as microabrasion, bleaching and resin infiltration, when clinically indicated, to address the treatment needs and achieve a desired outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Quek Eng Yew Christopher
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Endodontics, Operative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lee Kong Fei Frank
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Endodontics, Operative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Moosavi H, Nemati-Karimooy A, Rezaei F, Yavari Z, Ahrari F. Does the application of whitening dentifrices during at-home bleaching affect the bond strength of resin composite to dentin? BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:644. [PMID: 36572875 PMCID: PMC9793525 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02680-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to evaluate the effect of using whitening dentifrices during at-home bleaching on the shear bond strength (SBS) of resin composite to dentin, and investigate whether the increased polymerization time would improve SBS. METHODS Ninety-six bovine incisors were divided into 4 groups of 24, according to the whitening treatment applied as follows: group 1, at-home bleaching + brushing with a regular dentifrice; group 2, at-home bleaching + brushing with a whitening dentifrice containing ozone; group 3, at-home bleaching + brushing with a commercial whitening dentifrice; and group 4 (control), no whitening/brushing treatment. Each group was divided into two subgroups (n = 12) to assess the effect of curing time (20 versus 80 s) on SBS. A self-etch adhesive was bonded to dentin, and after 2-day water storage, SBS was determined. RESULTS SBS was significantly affected by the whitening treatment (P = 0.03), but increasing the curing time had no significant effect on SBS (P = 0.137). Bond strength in group 1 was comparable to the control group (P > 0.05). The specimens in group 3 displayed significantly lower SBS than either group 4 or group 1 (P > 0.05). No significant difference was observed between the SBS of group 2 compared to any other group (P > 0.05). There was no significant association between the treatment group and failure type (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The bonding interface was not negatively influenced by the at-home bleaching procedure. However, using a commercial whitening dentifrice during at-home bleaching produced a significant detrimental effect on SBS. Extending the curing time would have no beneficial effect on adhesion to a whitened dental substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horieh Moosavi
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Department of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Atefeh Nemati-Karimooy
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Department of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Yavari
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Ahrari
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Vakilabad Blvd, Mashhad, Iran
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Bauer J, Mendes RP, Cavaleiro de Macedo R, Carvalho EM, Lopes L, Grazziotin-Soares R, Lima DM, Oliveira BC. Physicochemical, Mechanical, and Esthetic Properties of the Composite Resin Manipulated with Glove Powder and Adhesive as a Modeling Liquid. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7791. [PMID: 36363382 PMCID: PMC9657255 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Composite resins with low flowability are usually handled and manipulated before insertion into the tooth preparation with gloved hands and/or using an instrument covered with a little amount of adhesive to facilitate modeling. We investigated if the modeling techniques (combined or not) affected physicochemical and esthetic properties of a composite resin. Specimens were fabricated and divided into groups according to the handling/modeling technique: Gloved-hands (composite was hand-manipulated with powdered latex gloves); Adhesive (adhesive was used in between the composite layers); Gloved-hands + Adhesive; Control (no adhesive and no touch with gloved-hands). The highest values for flexural strength (MPa), modulus of elasticity (GPa), and fracture toughness (MPa.m0.5) were obtained for Adhesive and Gloved-hands + Adhesive (p < 0.05); the lowest values were obtained for Control and Gloved-hands (p < 0.05). The Control group had the highest sorption. The Gloved-hands (p < 0.05) group had the highest solubility. Adhesive and Gloved-hands + Adhesive had a similar solubility (p > 0.05). The Control group (p < 0.05) had the lowest solubility. There was no statistical interaction between translucency vs. handling/modeling techniques and color stability vs. handling/modeling techniques. Adhesive as a modeling liquid protected the composite against sorption and solubility (if powdered gloves were used) and improved its physical/mechanical properties. Translucency and color stability were not correlated with modeling techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Bauer
- Dentistry Biomaterials Laboratory (Biomma), School of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Ruan Pinto Mendes
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (FOUSP), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Rayssa Cavaleiro de Macedo
- Dentistry Biomaterials Laboratory (Biomma), School of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Edilausson Moreno Carvalho
- School of Dentistry, University Ceuma (UNICEUMA), R. Josué Montello, 1, Renascença II, São Luis 65075-120, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Lopes
- School of Dentistry, University Ceuma (UNICEUMA), R. Josué Montello, 1, Renascença II, São Luis 65075-120, Brazil
| | - Renata Grazziotin-Soares
- Endodontics Division, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Darlon Martins Lima
- Dentistry Biomaterials Laboratory (Biomma), School of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Barbara Costa Oliveira
- School of Dentistry, University Ceuma (UNICEUMA), R. Josué Montello, 1, Renascença II, São Luis 65075-120, Brazil
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Yanık D, Er K, Kuştarci A. Shear bond strength of resin-modified glass ionomer cement bound to mineral trioxide aggregate after various disinfection protocols. AUST ENDOD J 2022; 49:159-164. [PMID: 35679483 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study compared the effects of 3 different cavity disinfection protocols (CDP) on the shear bond strength (SBS) of resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RM-GIC) to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). One hundred eighty standard holes were prepared and filled with MTA. They then divided into 3 main groups based on the chosen time intervals (15 min, 24 h, and 72 h). Main groups were divided into 3 subgroups based on the CDP [chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), ozone, laser, and control]. RM-GIC was applied on MTA after CDP for all groups. A universal testing device was then used for test and the data was statistically analysed. CHX showed significantly lower SBS values except ozone and laser than the control (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences among the time intervals. As a result, CHX decreased the bond strength between the MTA and RM-GIC while ozone and laser had no negative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Yanık
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Antalya Bilim University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Kürşat Er
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Alper Kuştarci
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Nayif MM, Otsuki M, Tagami J. Bonding performance of self-etch adhesives to enamel bleached with different peroxide concentrations. Braz Dent J 2021; 32:96-104. [PMID: 34877982 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202104046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the micro-shear bond strength (µSBS) of one and two steps self-etch adhesive systems after enamel bleaching with photo-activated bleaching systems of different hydrogen peroxide (HP) concentration. Occlusal enamel of forty intact human molars were flattened and assigned into four groups. GI Unbleached, GII, GIII, and GIV were bleached with Pyrenees (3.5% HP), GC TiON (20% HP), and Hi-Lite (35% HP) respectively. Enamel treatment with one and two steps self-etch adhesives (Clearfil S3 Bond- S3, and Clearfil SE Bond-SE) then micro-tubes were fixed on enamel and filled with AP-X composite (n=5). Bond was tested with the universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests at 5 % level of significance. The µSBS was significantly different between adhesives (F=154.46; p<0.05) and bleaching systems (F=77.33; p<0.05) with significant interaction. Specimens bonded with S3 shows a significantly lower μSBS than those bonded with SE (p<0.05) in all groups. For both adhesives the bleached groups demonstrate lower µSBS than unbleached except specimens bleached with Pyrenees and bonded with SE (p>0.05). A significant difference was observed between groups of the bleaching systems (p<0.05). Different peroxide concentrations photo-activated bleaching systems adversely affect μSBS of one and two steps self-etch adhesives. Low concentration system (Pyrenees) does not influence the bond strength of two steps adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma'an M Nayif
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Mosul University, Mosul, Iraq.,AlNoor University College, Bartella, Iraq
| | - Masayuki Otsuki
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Junji Tagami
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.,Global Center of Excellence program; International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
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Abu-Saq Al Yami A, Al Qahtani S, Shokair N, Al Ghamdi M, Al Bouni R. Effect of home and in-office bleaching systems on the nanomechanical properties of tooth enamel. Saudi Dent J 2020; 32:343-348. [PMID: 33132662 PMCID: PMC7588502 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this in vitro laboratory study was to gauge the nanomechanical properties of the tooth enamel surface using home and in-office bleaching products. Methods Thirty-six extracted lower lateral incisor teeth (sound and without caries, cracks or restorations) were selected. A silicone mould was used to affix the samples in resin after cutting away the roots. Next, the samples were indiscriminately divided into three treatment groups, i.e., 12 teeth in each study group (control, Opalescence Home, and Opalescence Boost), and treated according to their respective group procedures. Surface topography, nano-indentation, and visual analyses were performed. Data were examined statistically using one-way analysis of variance (p < 0.05). Results Both experimental bleaching products enhanced the surface roughness when compared to the samples in the control group. However, the control and Opalescence Boost groups showed insignificant differences. The lowest mean nanohardness (GPa) was observed in the Opalescence Boost group (1.56 GPa ± 0.68 GPa). In contrast, the highest mean nanohardness (GPa) was perceived in the control group (3.53 GPa ± 1.06 GPa). The modulus of elasticity was highly affected using Opalescence Boost (182.63 GPa ± 109.13 GPa) when compared to Control (322.69 GPa ± 168.24 GPa). On visual examination, pronounced roughness was observed in both the Opalescence Home and Opalescence Boost groups. Conclusion Both teeth whitening products damaged the enamel surface either by roughening the tooth surface or by affecting the nanomechanical properties. Therefore, teeth whitening products may be used, but with great caution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saleh Al Qahtani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Shokair
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al Ghamdi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roula Al Bouni
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Harrison MS, Wang Y, Frick KJ, Moniz J, Walker MP. Effects of Alpha-tocopherol Antioxidant on Dentin-composite Microtensile Bond Strength after Sodium Perborate Bleaching. J Endod 2019; 45:1053-1059. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Cadenaro M, Maravic T, Comba A, Mazzoni A, Fanfoni L, Hilton T, Ferracane J, Breschi L. The role of polymerization in adhesive dentistry. Dent Mater 2019; 35:e1-e22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Piemjai M, Lenglerdphol S. Effect of strong tooth-bleaching with 38% hydrogen peroxide on marginal seal of dental restorations using self-etch and total-etch adhesives. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2017; 30:153-159. [PMID: 29243397 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distance and/or thickness of dye penetration at enamel and cementum/dentin margins of restorations before and after vital bleaching. Class V cavities were prepared on extracted human premolars and restored with light-cured resin composite using either AQ-Bond or Single-Bond2 adhesives. Four conditions: no bleaching (control), restored before bleaching (RB), bleached and immediately restored (BIR), bleached and stored in artificial saliva for 7 days then restored (B7R), were used for each adhesive group. After soaking in basic fuchsin dye for 24 hours, all specimens were vertically sectioned through the middle of restorations to measure the distance and/or the thickness of dye penetration. No microleakage was found either on enamel and cementum/dentin margins of control group using AQ-Bond. Whereas leakage was found in the control group using Single-Bond2 and bleached groups. Statistically significant differences in leakage distance and/or thickness were found among groups at the cementum/dentin margin (P < .05). Dye could penetrate into the pulp chamber of BIR (60%) and B7R (15%) specimens. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The negative control or leakage-free group is very important when discussing the effects of bleaching on marginal seal or microleakage. Bleaching using 38% H2 O2 increases the microleakage distance and dye penetration area of cementum/dentin margin more than that of enamel margin. The bleached tooth is not a good substrate for reliable bonding and complete seal and it is also a channel for external stimuli reaching the pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morakot Piemjai
- Department of Prosthodontics, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Road, Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Spun Lenglerdphol
- Department of Prosthodontics, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Road, Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Ismail EH, Kilinc E, Hardigan PC, Rothrock JK, Thompson JY, Garcia-Godoy C. Effect of Two-minute Application of 35% Sodium Ascorbate on Composite Bond Strength following Bleaching. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017; 18:874-880. [PMID: 28989123 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to assess the effect of 35% sodium ascorbate on microtensile bond strength of dentin immediately after bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 25 sound human 3rd molars were collected. Teeth were randomly divided into five groups for different treatments: Group I [bleaching + immediate bonding (i.e., restoration)], group II (bleaching + delayed bonding), group III (bleaching + sodium ascorbate + immediate bonding), group IV (bleaching + sodium ascorbate + delayed bonding), and group V (bonding only). After bleaching, but before bonding, groups II and IV were stored for 1 week in deionized water at 37°C. All samples were bonded using OptiBoned FL (Kerr) and Filtek Supreme (3M/ESPE). Teeth were sectioned into 1 × 1 mm 2 bars, and microtensile bond strength was tested with a universal testing machine (Instron 8841) at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/minute. RESULTS Microtensile bond strength differed significantly across the five groups, with a significant reduction in microtensile bond strength observed for samples in group I relative to samples in any of the other treatment groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The application of a high concentration of sodium ascorbate for a shorter time reversed the negative effect of 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching on composite bonding strength to dentin. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The negative effects of bleaching on composite bonding can be neutralized by the application of the reversing agent sodium ascorbate thus, increasing the efficiency of clinic chair time. This is clinically relevant for those patients requiring restorative treatment immediately after in-office bleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman H Ismail
- Oral Sciences Program, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa Iowa City, IA, USA; Restorative Dentistry Division, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 801 Newton Road (N411), Iowa City, IA 52242, Phone: +13193357611, e-mail:
| | - Evren Kilinc
- Department of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Patrick C Hardigan
- Department of Public Health, College of Osteopathic Medicine Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - James K Rothrock
- Bioscience Research Center, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Jeffrey Y Thompson
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dental Medicine Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Cristina Garcia-Godoy
- Restorative Department; Director of Clinical Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale FL, USA
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12
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Maravic T, Mazzoni A, Comba A, Scotti N, Checchi V, Breschi L. How Stable is Dentin As a Substrate for Bonding? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40496-017-0149-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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13
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Zhang N, Weir MD, Romberg E, Bai Y, Xu HHK. Development of novel dental adhesive with double benefits of protein-repellent and antibacterial capabilities. Dent Mater 2015; 31:845-54. [PMID: 25990262 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Secondary caries at the tooth-restoration margins remains a main reason for restoration failure. The objectives of this study were to: (1) combine protein-repellent 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) with quaternary ammonium dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) to develop a new dental adhesive with double benefits of protein-repellent and antibacterial capabilities for the first time; and (2) investigate the effects on protein adsorption, anti-biofilm activity, and dentin bond strength. METHODS MPC and DMAHDM were incorporated into Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP) primer and adhesive. Dentin shear bond strengths were measured using extracted human molars. Protein adsorption onto the adhesive resin surfaces was determined by the micro bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method. A dental plaque microcosm biofilm model with human saliva as inoculum was used to investigate biofilm metabolic activity, colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, lactic acid production and live/dead staining of biofilms on resins. RESULTS Incorporation of 7.5% MPC and 5% DMAHDM into primer and adhesive did not adversely affect the dentin shear bond strength (p>0.1). The resin with 7.5% MPC+5% DMAHDM had protein adsorption that was nearly 20-fold less than SBMP control (p<0.05). The resin with 7.5% MPC+5% DMAHDM had much stronger antibacterial effects than using MPC or DMAHDM alone (p<0.05). Biofilm CFU counts on the resin with 7.5% MPC+5% DMAHDM were reduced by more than 4 orders of magnitude, compared to SBMP control. SIGNIFICANCE The use of double agents (protein-repellent MPC+antibacterial DMAHDM) in dental adhesive achieved much stronger inhibition of biofilms than using each agent alone. The novel protein-repellent and antibacterial bonding agent is promising to reduce biofilm/plaque buildup and reduce recurrent caries at the tooth-restoration margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Elaine Romberg
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, MD 21250, USA.
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Abed Kahnemooyi M, Ajami AA, Kimyai S, Pournaghiazar F, Savadi Oskoee S, Mhammadi Torkani MA. Effect of Sodium Ascorbate and Delayed Bonding on the Bond Strength of Silorane and Two-step Self-etch Adhesive Systems in Bleached Enamel. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2015; 8:210-7. [PMID: 25587382 PMCID: PMC4288910 DOI: 10.5681/joddd.2014.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims. Studies have shown decreased bond strength of composite resin to human and bovine bleached enamel. This study evaluated the effect of sodium ascorbate and delayed bonding on the bond strength of two adhesive systems to bleached enamel. Materials and methods. The labial surfaces of 150 sound bovine incisor teeth were abraded with abrasive paper. The teeth were randomly divided into 8 groups: A: control; B: bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide; C: bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide + sodium ascorbate gel; and D: bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide + delayed bonding. In groups A‒D, silorane adhesive system and Filtek silorane composite resin were used. In groups E‒H, the same preparation methods of groups A-D were used. Two-step self-etch Clearfil SE Bond adhesive systems and AP-X composite resin were administered. Shear bond strength of each group was measured. Two samples were prepared for each surface preparation for ultra-structural evaluation. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey test were used for data analysis at P<0.05. Results. The interaction between the adhesive system type and surface preparation protocol was significant (P=0.014), withsignificant differences in shear bond strengths in terms of the adhesive systems (P<0.01). There were significant differences in shear bond strength in terms of surface preparation techniques irrespective of the adhesive system (P<0.01). Conclusion. The results showed that bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide decreased the shear bond strength values with both adhesive systems, and a one-week delay in bonding and 10% sodium ascorbate for10 minutes restored the bond strength in both adhesive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Abed Kahnemooyi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ; Associate Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Ahmad Ajami
- Assisstant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Kimyai
- Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Pournaghiazar
- Assisstant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siavash Savadi Oskoee
- Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mhammadi Torkani
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Akın M, Ozyılmaz OY, Yavuz T, Aykent F, Bascıftcı FA. Effect of Nd:YAG Laser Bleaching and Antioxidizing Agents on the Shear Bond Strength of Brackets. Photomed Laser Surg 2013; 31:365-70. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2012.3467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Akın
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Selçuk, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ozgun Yusuf Ozyılmaz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Selçuk, Konya, Turkey
| | - Tevfik Yavuz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Selçuk, Konya, Turkey
| | - Filiz Aykent
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Selçuk, Konya, Turkey
| | - Faruk Ayhan Bascıftcı
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Selçuk, Konya, Turkey
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Khoroushi M, Saneie T. Post-bleaching application of an antioxidant on dentin bond strength of three dental adhesives. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2012; 9:46-53. [PMID: 22363363 PMCID: PMC3283978 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.92943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Antioxidizing agents have recently been suggested to compensate decreased bond strength of resin materials to bleached tooth tissues. This study compared the shear bond strength (SBS) of three different adhesives on bleached dentin immediately after bleaching, bleached/delayed for 1 week, and bleached/applied antioxidizing agent. Materials and Methods: The dentinal surfaces of 132 intact extracted molars were prepared and divided into 12 groups. The following adhesives were investigated: Optibond FL (OFL) (three-step etch-and-rinse), Optibond Solo Plus (two-step etch-and-rinse), and Optibond all-in-one (OA) (one-step self-etch) (Kerr, Orange, USA). Unbleached dentin groups (groups 1-3) were prepared as negative controls (NC). The remainder surfaces (groups 4-12) were bleached with 20% Opalescent PF (Ultradent, USA). Specimens were bonded immediately after bleaching (groups 4-6), after 1 week (groups 7-9), or after using 10% sodium ascorbate (SA) gel (groups 10-12). Subsequent to bonding of composite resin, the samples were tested for SBS and analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05). Results: Regarding control groups, OA showed the highest SBS among the studied adhesives (P<0.05). The SBS decreased for the adhesives after bleaching except for OFL. No statistically significant difference in SBS were noted when the SA and delayed bonding groups were compared with their similar NC groups (P>0.05) except the of delay bonding with OA. Conclusions: The findings suggest that bond strength of resin to bleached dentin may be affected with the adhesive system. Reduced SBS to bleached dentin can be amended by the use of SA as an antioxidizing agent. However, the amount of reversed bond strength subsequent to applying antioxidant might be related to the kind of dental adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khoroushi
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Torabinejad Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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17
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Carvalho RM, Tjäderhane L, Manso AP, Carrilho MR, Carvalho CAR. Dentin as a bonding substrate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-1546.2012.00274.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Sampaio PCP, de Almeida Júnior AA, Francisconi LF, Casas-Apayco LC, Pereira JC, Wang L, Atta MT. Effect of conventional and resin-modified glass-ionomer liner on dentin adhesive interface of Class I cavity walls after thermocycling. Oper Dent 2011; 36:403-12. [PMID: 21913841 DOI: 10.2341/09-240-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this in vitro study was to analyze the effect of glass-ionomer cement as a liner on the dentin/resin adhesive interface of lateral walls of occlusal restorations after thermocycling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Occlusal cavities were prepared in 60 human molars, divided into six groups: no liner (1 and 4); glass-ionomer cement (GIC, Ketac Molar Easymix, 3M ESPE) (2 and 5); and resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGIC, Vitrebond, 3M ESPE) (3 and 6). Resin composite (Filtek Z250, 3M ESPE) was placed after application of an adhesive system (Adper Single Bond 2, 3M ESPE) that was mixed with a fluorescent reagent (Rhodamine B) to allow confocal microscopy analysis. Specimens of groups 4, 5 and 6 were thermocycled (5°C-55°C) with a dwell time of 30 seconds for 5000 cycles. After this period, teeth were sectioned in approximately 0.8-mm slices. One slice of each tooth was randomly selected for confocal microscopy analysis. The other slices were sectioned into 0.8 mm × 0.8 mm beams, which were submitted to microtensile testing (MPa). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). RESULTS There was no detectedstatistical difference on bond strength among groups (α<0.05). Confocal microscopy analysis showed a higher mean gap size in group 4 (12.5 μm) and a higher percentage of marginal gaps in the thermocycled groups. The RMGIC liner groups showed the lowest percentage of marginal gaps. CONCLUSIONS Lining with RMGIC resulted in less gap formation at the dentin/resin adhesive interface after artificial aging. RMGIC or GIC liners did not alter the microtensile bond strength of adhesive system/resin composite to dentin on the lateral walls of Class I restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C P Sampaio
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Leonetti EDS, Rodrigues JA, Reis AF, Navarro RS, Aranha ACC, Cassoni A. Effects of Er:YAG laser irradiation on the microtensile bond strength to bleached enamel. Photomed Laser Surg 2011; 29:551-8. [PMID: 21323428 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2010.2813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different Er:YAG laser (λ = 2.94 μm) energy parameters on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and superficial morphology of bovine enamel bleached with 16% carbamide peroxide. BACKGROUND Laser irradiation could improve adhesion to bleached enamel surfaces. METHODS Sixty bovine enamel blocks (7 × 3 × 3 mm(3)) were randomly assigned to six groups according to enamel preparation procedures (n = 10): G1-bleaching and Er:YAG laser irradiation with 25.52 J/cm(2) (laser A, LA); G2-bleaching and Er:YAG laser irradiation with 4.42 J/cm(2) (laser B, LB); G3-bleaching; G4-Er:YAG laser irradiation with 25.52 J/cm(2); G5-Er:YAG laser irradiation with 4.42 J/cm(2); G6-control, no treatment. G1 to G3 were bleached for 6 h during 21 days. Afterwards, enamel surfaces in all groups were slightly abraded with 600-grit SiC papers and G1, G2, G4 and G5 were irradiated according to each protocol. Enamel blocks were then restored with an etch-and-rinse adhesive system and a 4-mm thick composite buildup was made in two increments (n = 9). After 24 h, restored blocks were serially sectioned with a cross-section area of ∼1 mm(2) at the bonded interface and tested in tension in a universal testing machine (1 mm/min). Failure mode was determined at a magnification of x100 using a stereomicroscope. One treated block of each group was selected for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. μTBS data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and no statistical differences were observed among groups. RESULTS Mean bond strengths (SD) in MPa were: G1-30.4(6.2); G2-27.9(8.5); G3-32.3(3.9); G4-23.7(5.8); G5-29.3(6.0); G6-29.1(6.1). A large number of adhesive failures was recorded for bleached and irradiated enamel surfaces. CONCLUSIONS Bleached enamel surfaces μTBS values were not significantly different from those of unbleached enamel. Even though Er:YAG laser irradiation with both parameters had no influence on μTBS for bleached and unbleached enamel, SEM analysis revealed that Er:YAG laser irradiation with 25.52 J/cm(2) should not be recommended, as enamel ablation was observed, whereas irradiation with 4.42 J/cm(2) did not promote any remarkable changes on enamel surface.
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Leonetti EDS, Rodrigues JA, Reis AF, Navarro RS, Aranha ACC, Cassoni A. Microtensile bond strength of resin composite to dentin treated with Er:YAG laser of bleached teeth. Lasers Med Sci 2010; 27:31-8. [PMID: 20859649 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-010-0838-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of Er:YAG laser (λ = 2.94 μm) on microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and superficial morphology of bovine dentin bleached with 16% carbamide peroxide. Forty bovine teeth blocks (7 × 3 × 3 mm(3)) were randomly assigned to four groups: G1- bleaching and Er:YAG irradiation with energy density of 25.56 J/cm(2) (focused mode); G2 - bleaching; G3 - no-bleaching and Er:YAG irradiation (25.56 J/cm(2)); G4 - control, non-treated. G1 and G2 were bleached with 16% carbamide peroxide for 6 h during 21 days. Afterwards, all blocks were abraded with 320 to 600-grit abrasive papers to obtain flat standardized dentin surfaces. G1 and G3 were Er:YAG irradiated. Blocks were immediately restored with 4-mm-high composite resin (Adper Single Bond 2, Z-250-3 M/ESPE). After 24 h, the restored blocks (n = 9) were serially sectioned and trimmed to an hour-glass shape of approximately 1 mm(2) at the bonded interface area, and tested in tension in a universal testing machine (1 mm/ min). Failure mode was determined at a magnification of 100× using a stereomicroscope. One block of each group was selected for scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. μTBS data was analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (α = 0.05). Mean bond strengths (SD) in MPa were: G1- 32.7 (5.9)(A); G2- 31.1 (6.3)(A); G3- 25.2 (8.3)(B); G4- 36.7 (9.9).(A) Groups with different uppercase letters were significantly different from each other (p < .05). Enamel bleaching procedure did not affect μTBS values for dentin adhesion. Er:YAG laser irradiation with 25.56 J/cm(2) prior to adhesive procedure of bleached teeth did not affect μTBS at dentin and promoted a dentin surface with no smear layer and opened dentin tubules observed under SEM. On the other hand, Er:YAG laser irradiation prior to adhesive procedure of non-bleached surface impaired μTBS compared to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo dos Santos Leonetti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Guarulhos University, Praça Teresa Cristina, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
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21
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Yazici AR, Keleş A, Tuncer D, Başeren M. Effect of prerestorative home-bleaching on microleakage of self-etch adhesives. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2010; 22:186-92. [PMID: 20590972 DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8240.2010.00335.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth bleaching has become a routine treatment due to patients' esthetic demands. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate how prerestorative home-bleaching affected microleakage of resin composite restorations bonded with etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty extracted human premolar teeth were used. The bleaching agent (10% carbamide peroxide) was applied to the buccal surface of each tooth for 6 hours a day for 2 weeks. The lingual surfaces of the same teeth received no application (control). The teeth were stored in artificial saliva. After 14 days, standardized Class V cavity preparations (2 mm high, 3 mm wide, and 2 mm deep) were made on the buccal and lingual surfaces with all margins in the enamel. They were randomly divided into five groups according to the adhesive systems: an etch-and-rinse adhesive (Single Bond [SB]), two two-step self-etch adhesives (Adper SE Plus [ASE] and One Coat [OC]), and two one-step self-etch adhesives (Adper Easy One [EO] and G-Bond [GB]). All adhesives were applied according to the manufacturers' instructions. The preparations were then restored using the same hybrid composite (Filtek Z250) in one increment and light-cured. The teeth were thermocycled (5/55 degrees C, 1,000x) and immersed in dye, then sectioned, and dye penetration was scored. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests. RESULTS Although statistically significant differences were found between the adhesive systems in the bleached teeth, no differences were observed in the control groups (non-bleached teeth). There were significant differences between SB/GB, SB/EO, SB/OC, and GB/ASE in the bleached teeth (p < 0.05). When comparing bleached and non-bleached teeth within each adhesive system, only SB and EO produced higher leakage scores when bleaching was applied. The other groups showed no difference in terms of bleaching (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Prerestorative home-bleaching had an adverse effect on microleakage of SB and EO. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The effect of prerestorative home-bleaching agents on microleakage of composite resin restorations differs according to the type of adhesive material used.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rüya Yazici
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
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22
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Gurgan S, Alpaslan T, Kiremitci A, Cakir FY, Yazici E, Gorucu J. Effect of different adhesive systems and laser treatment on the shear bond strength of bleached enamel. J Dent 2009; 37:527-34. [PMID: 19403230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2009.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2008] [Revised: 03/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Gurgan
- Hacettepe University, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sihhiye 06100, Ankara, Turkey
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Goldberg M, Grootveld M, Lynch E. Undesirable and adverse effects of tooth-whitening products: a review. Clin Oral Investig 2009; 14:1-10. [PMID: 19543926 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-009-0302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) is a powerful oxidising agent. It gives rise to agents known to be effective bleaching agents. The mechanisms of bleaching involve the degradation of the extracellular matrix and oxidation of chromophores located within enamel and dentin. However, H(2)O(2) produces also local undesirable effects on tooth structures and oral mucosa. In clinical conditions, the daily low-level doses used to produce tooth whitening never generate general acute and sub-acute toxic effects. Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity only occur at concentrations that are never reached during dental treatments. Some transient adverse effects have been reported on the oral mucosa and the digestive tract if the product is swallowed. Local effects may occur on the oral mucosa and dental tissues during whitening, namely, pulp sensitivity, cervical resorption, release of selected components of dental restorative materials, and alteration of the enamel surface. Most of the local effects are dependent of the technique and concentration of the product so far used, but as the results of bleaching obtained are not stable, repeated treatments add to the adverse effects. The informed decision to administer or not and the control of bleaching effects should stand in the hand of dental surgeons and certainly not as it appears at present, as cosmetics sold without any restriction despite the potential health hazards of peroxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Goldberg
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paris Descartes, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, Montrouge, France.
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Adebayo O, Burrow M, Tyas M. An SEM evaluation of conditioned and bonded enamel following carbamide peroxide bleaching and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) treatment. J Dent 2009; 37:297-306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2008.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2008] [Revised: 12/16/2008] [Accepted: 12/19/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Magni E, Ferrari M, Hickel R, Huth KC, Ilie N. Effect of ozone gas application on the mechanical properties of dental adhesives bonded to dentin. Dent Mater 2008; 24:1428-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2008.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2008] [Accepted: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Breschi L, Mazzoni A, Ruggeri A, Cadenaro M, Di Lenarda R, De Stefano Dorigo E. Dental adhesion review: Aging and stability of the bonded interface. Dent Mater 2008; 24:90-101. [PMID: 17442386 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2007.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 683] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2007] [Revised: 02/23/2007] [Accepted: 02/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Most of current dental adhesive systems show favorable immediate results in terms of retention and sealing of bonded interface, thereby counteracting polymerization shrinkage that affects resin-based restorative materials. Despite immediate efficacy, there are major concerns when dentin bonded interfaces are tested after aging even for short time period, i.e. 6 months. METHODS This study critically discusses the latest peer-reviewed reports related to formation, aging and stability of resin bonding, focusing on the micro and nano-phenomena related to adhesive interface degradation. RESULTS Most simplified one-step adhesives were shown to be the least durable, while three-step etch-and-rinse and two-step self-etch adhesives continue to show the highest performances, as reported in the overwhelming majority of studies. In other words, a simplification of clinical application procedures is done to the detriment of bonding efficacy. Among the different aging phenomena occurring at the dentin bonded interfaces, some are considered pivotal in degrading the hybrid layer, particularly if simplified adhesives are used. Insufficient resin impregnation of dentin, high permeability of the bonded interface, sub-optimal polymerization, phase separation and activation of endogenous collagenolytic enzymes are some of the recently reported factors that reduce the longevity of the bonded interface. SIGNIFICANCE In order to overcome these problems, recent studies indicated that (1) resin impregnation techniques should be improved, particularly for two-step etch-and-rinse adhesives; (2) the use of conventional multi-step adhesives is recommended, since they involve the use of a hydrophobic coating of nonsolvated resin; (3) extended curing time should be considered to reduce permeability and allow a better polymerization of the adhesive film; (4) proteases inhibitors as additional primer should be used to increase the stability of the collagens fibrils within the hybrid layer inhibiting the intrinsic collagenolytic activity of human dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Breschi
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Dental Sciences and Biomaterials, University of Trieste, Via Stuparich 1, Trieste, Italy.
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Effects of conditioners on microshear bond strength to enamel after carbamide peroxide bleaching and/or casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP–ACP) treatment. J Dent 2007; 35:862-70. [PMID: 17923225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2007.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2007] [Revised: 08/16/2007] [Accepted: 08/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Breschi L, Cadenaro M, Antoniolli F, Sauro S, Biasotto M, Prati C, Tay FR, Di Lenarda R. Polymerization kinetics of dental adhesives cured with LED: correlation between extent of conversion and permeability. Dent Mater 2006; 23:1066-72. [PMID: 17109951 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2006.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2005] [Revised: 03/20/2006] [Accepted: 06/22/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyze the polymerization kinetics of different adhesive films in relation to their permeability after exposure to different LED curing units. METHODS One adhesive from each class was analyzed: a three-step etch-and-rinse (OptiBond FL; Sybron-Kerr), a two-step etch-and-rinse (One-Step, Bisco), a two-step self-etch (Clearfil Protect Bond, Kuraray) and a one-step self-etch adhesive (Xeno III; Dentsply DeTrey). Adhesive films were prepared and cured with SmartLite IQ (Dentsply) or L.E. Demetron I (Demetron Kerr) up to complete curing. Polymerization kinetic curves of the tested adhesives were obtained with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In particular, total reaction time and extent of polymerization (Ep) at 20, 40 or 60s were compared. Permeability of the adhesive films was evaluated on flat dentin surfaces of human extracted teeth connected to a permeability device and statistically analyzed. RESULTS Total reaction time differed among the adhesives tested: OptiBond FL<Clearfil Protect Bond<One-Step<Xeno III with both curing units (p<0.05). At 20s OptiBond FL showed the highest Ep, while the lowest values were obtained with One-Step and Xeno III (p<0.05). E(p) increased when curing time was prolonged (40 and 60s) for all adhesives tested (p<0.05), however, on simplified adhesives, incomplete polymerization took place even after prolonged exposure intervals. An inverse correlation was found between Ep of the adhesives and their permeability using LED curing units. SIGNIFICANCE This study supports the hypothesis that, longer curing times than those recommended by the respective manufacturer decrease permeability of the bonded interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Breschi
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Dental Sciences and Biomaterials, University of Trieste, Via Stuparich 1, I-34129 Trieste, Italy.
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