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Miyabe M, Nakamura N, Saiki T, Miyabe S, Ito M, Sasajima S, Minato T, Matsubara T, Naruse K. Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharides Promote Proliferation and Migration of Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells through the MAPK/TLR4 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010125. [PMID: 36613563 PMCID: PMC9820797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a major cause of mortality worldwide. The initial change in atherosclerosis is intimal thickening due to muscle cell proliferation and migration. A correlation has been observed between periodontal disease and atherosclerosis. Here, we investigated the proliferation and migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) using Porphyromonas gingivalis-derived LPS (Pg-LPS). To elucidate intracellular signaling, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) of HASMCs were knocked down, and the role of these molecules in Pg-LPS-stimulated proliferation and migration was examined. The role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in HASMC proliferation and migration was further elucidated by MAPK inhibition. Pg-LPS stimulation increased the proliferation and migration of HASMCs and activated the TLR4/MyD88 pathway. TLR4 knockdown inhibited Pg-LPS stimulated HASMCs proliferation and migration. Pg-LPS stimulation led to the phosphorylation of P38 MAPK, JNK, and ERK, and MyD88 knockdown inhibited the phosphorylation of P38 MAPK and JNK but not ERK. P38 MAPK and SAPK/JNK inhibition did not suppress the proliferation of HASMCs upon Pg-LPS stimulation, but ERK inhibition significantly inhibited proliferation. SAPK/JNK and ERK inhibition suppressed Pg-LPS-stimulated migration of HASMCs. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Pg-LPS may promote atherosclerosis via the activation of MAPK through TLR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Miyabe
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 2-11, Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +81-52-759-2168
| | - Nobuhisa Nakamura
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 2-11, Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Saiki
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 2-11, Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University Dental Hospital, 2-11, Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyabe
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 2-11, Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan
| | - Mizuho Ito
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 2-11, Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan
| | - Sachiko Sasajima
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 2-11, Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan
| | - Tomomi Minato
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 2-11, Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aichi Gakuin University Dental Hospital, 2-11, Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Matsubara
- The Graduate Center of Human Sciences, Aichi Mizuho College, Syunko-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-0867, Japan
| | - Keiko Naruse
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 2-11, Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan
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Mei F, Xie M, Huang X, Long Y, Lu X, Wang X, Chen L. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Its Systemic Impact: Current Status. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9110944. [PMID: 33202751 PMCID: PMC7696708 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases, notably including atherosclerosis and diabetes, has been studied for several years. Porphyromonas gingivalis, a prominent component of oral microorganism communities, is the main pathogen that causes periodontitis. As a result of the extensive analysis of this organism, the evidence of its connection to systemic diseases has become more apparent over the last decade. A significant amount of research has explored the role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and adverse pregnancy outcomes, while relatively few studies have examined its contribution to respiratory diseases, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and depression. Here, we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge about Porphyromonas gingivalis and its systemic impact in an aim to inform readers of the existing epidemiological evidence and the most recent preclinical studies. Additionally, the possible mechanisms by which Porphyromonas gingivalis is involved in the onset or exacerbation of diseases, together with its effects on systemic health, are covered. Although a few results remain controversial, it is now evident that Porphyromonas gingivalis should be regarded as a modifiable factor for several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Mei
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (F.M.); (M.X.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (X.L.)
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mengru Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (F.M.); (M.X.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (X.L.)
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaofei Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (F.M.); (M.X.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (X.L.)
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yanlin Long
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (F.M.); (M.X.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (X.L.)
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (F.M.); (M.X.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (X.L.)
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (L.C.)
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (F.M.); (M.X.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (X.L.)
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (L.C.)
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Singer RH, Stoutenberg M, Feaster DJ, Cai J, Hlaing WM, Metsch LR, Salazar CR, Beaver SM, Finlayson TL, Talavera G, Gellman MD, Schneiderman N. The association of periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease risk: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. J Periodontol 2018. [PMID: 29542123 DOI: 10.1002/jper.17-0549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current evidence suggests that periodontal disease (PD) is associated with a significant increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) independent of known confounders. PD is a chronic oral disease with significant variation in prevalence demonstrated among Hispanic/Latino subgroups. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between PD and CVD risk and variations with sex, age, and Hispanic/Latino background. METHODS The sample included 7379 participants aged 30 to 74 years, from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (2008 to 2011). We assessed CVD risk by the Framingham 10-year general CVD risk score (FGRS). PD severity classification was based on calibrated measurements of gingival recession and probing depth. Multivariable sequential linear models for complex sample design assessed FGRS by PD severity, Hispanic/Latino background, and covariates. RESULTS The prevalence of moderate and severe PD combined was 46%. For women and men with severe PD, the combined prevalence of moderate and high CVD risk was 44% and 85%, respectively. The FGRS observed for women (5.1% [95% CI: 4.1%, 6.0%], p < 0.001) and men 10.8% (95% CI [9.2%, 12.3%], p < 0.001) with severe PD were 56% and 134% greater than those without PD, respectively. Dominican women and men with moderate or severe PD, aged 60 to 69 years, exhibited the greatest CVD risks (FGRS = 15.1%, 95% CI [7.8%, 22.5%]) and (FGRS = 40.2%, 95% CI [30.2%, 50.3%]), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Moderate and severe PD were associated with significant CVD risk with marked sex disparity and heterogeneity by Hispanic/Latino background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard H Singer
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL.,Nova Southeastern University, College of Dental Medicine, Ft. Lauderdale, FL
| | - Mark Stoutenberg
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL
| | - Daniel J Feaster
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL
| | - Jianwen Cai
- University of North Carolina, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Collaborate Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - WayWay M Hlaing
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL
| | - Lisa R Metsch
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Sociomedical Sciences, New York, NY
| | - Christian R Salazar
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, New York, NY
| | - Shirley M Beaver
- University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL
| | - Tracy L Finlayson
- San Diego State University, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego, CA
| | - Gregory Talavera
- San Diego State University, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego, CA
| | - Marc D Gellman
- University of Miami, Department of Psychology, Miami, FL
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Zebrafish as a new model to study effects of periodontal pathogens on cardiovascular diseases. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36023. [PMID: 27777406 PMCID: PMC5078774 DOI: 10.1038/srep36023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) is a keystone pathogen in the aetiology of chronic periodontitis. However, recent evidence suggests that the bacterium is also able to enter the bloodstream, interact with host cells and tissues, and ultimately contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here we established a novel zebrafish larvae systemic infection model showing that Pg rapidly adheres to and penetrates the zebrafish vascular endothelium causing a dose- and time-dependent mortality with associated development of pericardial oedemas and cardiac damage. The in vivo model was then used to probe the role of Pg expressed gingipain proteases using systemically delivered gingipain-deficient Pg mutants, which displayed significantly reduced zebrafish morbidity and mortality compared to wild-type bacteria. In addition, we used the zebrafish model to show efficacy of a gingipain inhibitor (KYT) on Pg-mediated systemic disease, suggesting its potential use therapeutically. Our data reveal the first real-time in vivo evidence of intracellular Pg within the endothelium of an infection model and establishes that gingipains are crucially linked to systemic disease and potentially contribute to CVD.
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Velsko IM, Chukkapalli SS, Rivera MF, Lee JY, Chen H, Zheng D, Bhattacharyya I, Gangula PR, Lucas AR, Kesavalu L. Active invasion of oral and aortic tissues by Porphyromonas gingivalis in mice causally links periodontitis and atherosclerosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97811. [PMID: 24836175 PMCID: PMC4024021 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic vascular disease is a leading cause of myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accident, and independent associations with periodontal disease (PD) are reported. PD is caused by polymicrobial infections and aggressive immune responses. Genomic DNA of Porphyromonas gingivalis, the best-studied bacterial pathogen associated with severe PD, is detected within atherosclerotic plaque. We examined causal relationships between chronic P. gingivalis oral infection, PD, and atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic ApoEnull mice. ApoEnull mice (n = 24) were orally infected with P. gingivalis for 12 and 24 weeks. PD was assessed by standard clinical measurements while the aorta was examined for atherosclerotic lesions and inflammatory markers by array. Systemic inflammatory markers serum amyloid A, nitric oxide, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein were analyzed. P. gingivalis infection elicited specific antibodies and alveolar bone loss. Fluorescent in situ hybridization detected viable P. gingivalis within oral epithelium and aorta, and genomic DNA was detected within systemic organs. Aortic plaque area was significantly increased in P. gingivalis-infected mice at 24 weeks (P<0.01). Aortic RNA and protein arrays indicated a strong Th2 response. Chronic oral infection with P. gingivalis results in a specific immune response, significant increases in oral bone resorption, aortic inflammation, viable bacteria in oral epithelium and aorta, and plaque development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina M. Velsko
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sasanka S. Chukkapalli
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mercedes F. Rivera
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ju-Youn Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry Pusan National University, Yangsan City, Republic of Korea
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Donghang Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Indraneel Bhattacharyya
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Pandu R. Gangula
- Department of Physiology, Oral Biology and Research, CWHR Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Alexandra R. Lucas
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Lakshmyya Kesavalu
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Radwan-Oczko M, Jaworski A, Duś I, Plonek T, Szulc M, Kustrzycki W. Porphyromonas gingivalis in periodontal pockets and heart valves. Virulence 2014; 5:575-80. [PMID: 24705065 PMCID: PMC4063818 DOI: 10.4161/viru.28657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence that advanced infectious chronic periodontal inflammatory disease may have an impact on general health including cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the ability of Porphyromonas gingivalis to colonize heart valves and, subsequently, to assess whether there is an association between the presence of the DNA of Porphyromonas gingivalis in periodontal pockets and in degenerated heart valves. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty patients were enrolled in the study and 31 valve specimens harvested during cardiac surgery operations were examined. All patients underwent a periodontal examination. To evaluate the periodontal status of the patients the following clinical parameters were recorded: the pocket depth, bleeding on probing (BOP) and aproximal plaque index (API). The presence of P. gingivalis in heart valve specimens and samples from periodontal pockets was analyzed using a single-step PCR method. RESULTS P. gingivalis DNA was detected in periodontal pockets of 15 patients (50%). However, the DNA of this periopathogen was found neither in the aortic nor in the mitral valve specimens. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that P. gingivalis may not have an influence on the development of the degeneration of aortic and mitral valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Radwan-Oczko
- Department of Periodontology; Unit of Oral Pathology; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksander Jaworski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Perodontics; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Irena Duś
- Department of Periodontology; Unit of Oral Pathology; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Plonek
- Department of Cardiac Surgery; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Szulc
- Department of Periodontology; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw, Poland
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Lee S, Baek D. Characteristics ofPorphyromonas gingivalislipopolysaccharide in co-culture withFusobacterium nucleatum. Mol Oral Microbiol 2013; 28:230-8. [DOI: 10.1111/omi.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.H. Lee
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology; College of Dentistry; Dankook University; Cheonan; Korea
| | - D.H. Baek
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology; College of Dentistry; Dankook University; Cheonan; Korea
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Saadi-Thiers K, Huck O, Simonis P, Tilly P, Fabre JE, Tenenbaum H, Davideau JL. Periodontal and systemic responses in various mice models of experimental periodontitis: respective roles of inflammation duration and Porphyromonas gingivalis infection. J Periodontol 2012; 84:396-406. [PMID: 22655910 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2012.110540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The great variability of periodontal and systemic responses to experimental periodontitis reflects the inherent pathogenic complexity of mice models and could limit the resulting interpretations and their extension to human diseases. This study compared the effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) infection and experimental periodontitis duration at local and systemic levels in various models. METHODS Periodontitis was induced in C57BL/6J mice by ligatures previously incubated with Pg (LIGPG group) or not (LIG group) or by oral gavage (GAV) with Pg ATCC 33277. Blood samples were taken, and mice were euthanized at different times. Periodontal tissue destruction, osteoclast number, and inflammation were assessed by histomorphometry, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase histoenzymology, and cathepsin B (CATB) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) immunochemistry. Serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay bioplex methods. RESULTS Periodontal tissue destruction and osteoclast numbers were significantly elevated in LIGPG models compared to LIG and GAV models. They increased with time with the exception of osteoclast numbers in the LIG model. CATB and MMP9 expression was related to bone destruction processes and Pg infection. The highest serum levels of IL-6 and IL-1β were observed in the LIGPG group. A decrease of IL-6 and an increase of IL-1β serum level were observed with time in LIGPG group contrary to LIG group. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that Pg infection worsened periodontal tissue destruction through specific pathogenic pathways and modified systemic response to periodontal inflammation. Furthermore, the blood cytokine response to ligature models showed their relevance for evaluating the systemic impact of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenza Saadi-Thiers
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Kojima A, Nakano K, Wada K, Takahashi H, Katayama K, Yoneda M, Higurashi T, Nomura R, Hokamura K, Muranaka Y, Matsuhashi N, Umemura K, Kamisaki Y, Nakajima A, Ooshima T. Infection of specific strains of Streptococcus mutans, oral bacteria, confers a risk of ulcerative colitis. Sci Rep 2012; 2:332. [PMID: 22451861 PMCID: PMC3312205 DOI: 10.1038/srep00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although oral bacteria-associated systemic diseases have been reported, association between Streptococcus mutans, pathogen of dental caries, and ulcerative colitis (UC) has not been reported. We investigated the effect of various S. mutans strains on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse colitis. Administration of TW295, the specific strain of S. mutans, caused aggravation of colitis; the standard strain, MT8148 did not. Localization of TW295 in hepatocytes in liver was observed. Increased expression of interferon-γ in liver was also noted, indicating that the liver is target organ for the specific strain of S. mutans-mediated aggravation of colitis. The detection frequency of the specific strains in UC patients was significantly higher than in healthy subjects. Administration of the specific strains of S. mutans isolated from patients caused aggravation of colitis. Infection with highly-virulent specific types of S. mutans might be a potential risk factor in the aggravation of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayuchi Kojima
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Huck O, Elkaim R, Davideau J, Tenenbaum H. Porphyromonas gingivalis and its lipopolysaccharide differentially regulate the expression of cathepsin B in endothelial cells. Mol Oral Microbiol 2012; 27:137-48. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2041-1014.2012.00638.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Amir J, Waite M, Tobler J, Catalfamo DL, Koutouzis T, Katz J, Wallet SM. The role of hyperglycemia in mechanisms of exacerbated inflammatory responses within the oral cavity. Cell Immunol 2011; 272:45-52. [PMID: 21996642 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2011.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Revised: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Immune modulating factors are necessary for pathogen clearance, but also contribute to host tissues damage, as those seen in periodontal diseases. Many of these responses can be exacerbated by host conditions including type 2 diabetes [T2D], where toll-like receptor 4 [TLR4] and the receptor for advanced glycated end products [RAGE] play a significant role. Here we investigate causality associated with the increase in inflammatory markers observed in periodontally diseased patients with T2D using multi-variant correlation analysis. Inflammation associated with periodontal diseases, characterized by elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, innate immune receptor expression, and cellular infiltrate was exacerbated in patients with T2D. In addition, a feed forward loop regulated by poor glycemic control was associated with a loss of mucosal barrier integrity and accumulation of innate immune receptor ligands resulting in an exacerbation of ongoing inflammation, where RAGE and TLR4 cooperated to induce responses in oral epithelial cells, which were exacerbated by hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Amir
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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Amano A. Host-parasite interactions in periodontitis: microbial pathogenicity and innate immunity. Periodontol 2000 2010; 54:9-14. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2010.00376.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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