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Cetin E, Mazzarino M, González-Mateo GT, Kopytina V, Meran S, Fraser D, López-Cabrera M, Labéta MO, Raby AC. Calprotectin blockade inhibits long-term vascular pathology following peritoneal dialysis-associated bacterial infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1285193. [PMID: 38094743 PMCID: PMC10716465 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1285193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections and the concurrent inflammation have been associated with increased long-term cardiovascular (CV) risk. In patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD), bacterial peritonitis is a common occurrence, and each episode further increases late CV mortality risk. However, the underlying mechanism(s) remains to be elucidated before safe and efficient anti-inflammatory interventions can be developed. Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) have been shown to contribute to the acute inflammatory response to infections, but a potential role for DAMPs in mediating long-term vascular inflammation and CV risk following infection resolution in PD, has not been investigated. We found that bacterial peritonitis in mice that resolved within 24h led to CV disease-promoting systemic and vascular immune-mediated inflammatory responses that were maintained up to 28 days. These included higher blood proportions of inflammatory leukocytes displaying increased adhesion molecule expression, higher plasma cytokines levels, and increased aortic inflammatory and atherosclerosis-associated gene expression. These effects were also observed in infected nephropathic mice and amplified in mice routinely exposed to PD fluids. A peritonitis episode resulted in elevated plasma levels of the DAMP Calprotectin, both in PD patients and mice, here the increase was maintained up to 28 days. In vitro, the ability of culture supernatants from infected cells to promote key inflammatory and atherosclerosis-associated cellular responses, such as monocyte chemotaxis, and foam cell formation, was Calprotectin-dependent. In vivo, Calprotectin blockade robustly inhibited the short and long-term peripheral and vascular consequences of peritonitis, thereby demonstrating that targeting of the DAMP Calprotectin is a promising therapeutic strategy to reduce the long-lasting vascular inflammatory aftermath of an infection, notably PD-associated peritonitis, ultimately lowering CV risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Cetin
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Morgane Mazzarino
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Guadalupe T. González-Mateo
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CBMSO-CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Premium Research, S.L., Guadalajara, Spain
| | - Valeria Kopytina
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CBMSO-CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Soma Meran
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Donald Fraser
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel López-Cabrera
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CBMSO-CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario O. Labéta
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Catherine Raby
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Jha A, Nath N, Kumari A, Kumari N, Panda AK, Mishra R. Polymorphisms and haplotypes of TLR-4/9 associated with bacterial infection, gingival inflammation/recession and oral cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 241:154284. [PMID: 36563560 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression and SNPs of innate immunity genes TLR-4/9 for bacterial infection, gingival inflammation/gingival recession (GIGR), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are largely unknown. PATIENTS AND METHOD 235 specimens (120 OSCC cases, among which 85 cases with either Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum or Treponema denticola infection and GIGR) and 115 healthy controls were used to know the expression and polymorphisms (TLR-4: N1:rs10759931, N2:rs11536889, N3:rs1927911, N4:rs4986790; TLR-9: N5:rs5743836, N6:rs352140, N7:rs187084 and N8:rs352139) of TLR-4/9 by western blot, RT-PCR, and allele-specific (AS)-PCR followed by sequencing. RESULTS Increased TLR-4/9 mRNA/protein expression, bacterial infection (BI) and GIGR were associated with OSCC incidence. One of the three BI and GIGR was observed in 70.83% of OSCC cases, whereas all the HC used were free from any of these three BI/GIGR. The N3: CT-genotype (Odds Ratio hereafter as O.R.=1.811, p = 0.0338), TT-genotype (O.R.=3.094, p = 0.0124), 'T'-allele (O.R.=1.821, p = 0.003), N4: AG-genotype (O.R.=2.015, p = 0.0222) and 'G'-allele (O.R.=1.86, p = 0.018) of TLR-4 as well as the N5: CC-genotype (O.R.=3.939, p = 0.0017), 'C'-allele (O.R.=1.839, p = 0.0042), N6: AA-genotype (O.R.=2.195, p = 0.0234), 'A'-allele (O.R.=1.569, p = 0.0163), N7: TC-genotype (O.R.=2.083, p = 0.0136), CC-genotype (O.R.=2.984, p = 0.003) and 'C'-allele (O.R.=1.885, p = 0.0008) of TLR-9 were associated with increased OSCC risk. Similarly, the N2:'C'-allele (O.R.=1.615, p = 0.0382), N3: TT-genotype (O.R.=2.829, p = 0.0336), 'T'-allele (O.R.=1.742, p = 0.0115), N4: AG-genotype (O.R.=2.221, p = 0.0147) and 'G'-allele (O.R.=1.890, p = 0.0238) of TLR-4 as well as the N5: CC-genotype (O.R.=2.830, p = 0.031), N6: AA-genotype (O.R.=2.6, p = 0.0122) and 'A'-allele (O.R.=1.746, p = 0.0064), N7:CC-genotype (O.R.2.706, p = 0.0111) and 'C'-allele (O.R. 1.774, p = 0.0055) of TLR-9 were correlated with GIGR and BI. TLR-4 (N1-N2-N3-N4: A-C-T-A (O.R.=2.1, p = 0.0069) and TLR-9 (N5-N6-N7-N8: T-A-C-A (O.R.=2.019, p = 0.0263); C-A-C-A (O.R.=6.0, p = 0.0084); C-A-C-G (O.R.=4.957, p = 0.0452) haplotypes were linked with OSCC vulnerability, while the TLR-4 (N1-N2-N3-N4: G-C-C-A (O.R.=0.5752, p = 0.0131) and TLR-9 (N5-N6-N7-N8: T-G-T-A (O.R.=0.5438, p = 0.0314); T-G-T-G (O.R.=0.5241, p = 0.036) haplotypes offered protection. CONCLUSION TLR-4/9 expression, polymorphisms, and BI-induced GIGR could increase OSCC risk. This may be used in pathogenesis and oral cancer prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Jha
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu-Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi 835205, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Nidhi Nath
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu-Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi 835205, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Anjali Kumari
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu-Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi 835205, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Nidhi Kumari
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu-Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi 835205, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Aditya K Panda
- P.G. Department of Biotechnology, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur 760007, Odisha, India.
| | - Rajakishore Mishra
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu-Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi 835205, Jharkhand, India.
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Świerzko AS, Jarych D, Gajek G, Chojnacka K, Kobiela P, Kufelnicka-Babout M, Michalski M, Sobczuk K, Szala-Poździej A, Matsushita M, Mazela J, Domżalska-Popadiuk I, Kilpatrick DC, Kalinka J, Sekine H, Cedzyński M. Polymorphisms of the FCN2 Gene 3'UTR Region and Their Clinical Associations in Preterm Newborns. Front Immunol 2021; 12:741140. [PMID: 34777352 PMCID: PMC8581395 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.741140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ficolin-2 is regarded as an important innate immunity factor endowed with both lectin (carbohydrate recognition) qualities and ability to induce complement activation. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the FCN2 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) polymorphisms with ficolin-2 expression and perinatal complications in preterm neonates. The sequencing analysis allowed us to identify six 3'UTR polymorphisms with minor allele frequency (MAF) >1%: rs4521835, rs73664188, rs11103564, rs11103565, rs6537958 and rs6537959. Except for rs4521835, all adhered to Hardy-Weinberg expectations. Moreover, rs6537958 and rs6537959 were shown to be in perfect linkage disequilibrium (LD) with nine other genetic polymorphisms: rs7040372, rs7046516, rs747422, rs7847431, rs6537957, rs6537960, rs6537962, rs11462298 and rs7860507 together stretched on a distance of 1242 bp and very high LD with rs11103565. The 3'UTR region was shown to bind nuclear extract proteins. The polymorphisms at rs4521835 and rs73664188 were found to influence serum ficolin-2 concentration significantly. All polymorphisms identified create (together with exon 8 polymorphism, rs7851696) two haplotype blocks. Among 49 diplotypes (D1-D49) created from rs7851696 (G>T), rs4521835 (T>G), rs73664188 (T>C), rs11103564 (T>C), rs11103565 (G>A) and rs6537959 (T>A), twenty two occurred with frequency >1%. Two diplotypes: D13 (GTTTGT/GGTCGT) and D10 (GTTTGT/GGTCGA), were significantly more frequent among preterm neonates with early onset of infection and pneumonia, compared with newborns with no infectious complications (OR 2.69 and 2.81, respectively; both p<0.05). The minor (C) allele at rs73664188 was associated with an increased risk of very low (≤1500 g) birthweight (OR=1.95, p=0.042) but was associated with the opposite effect at rs11103564 (OR=0.11, p=0.005).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S. Świerzko
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Infections, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Łódź, Poland
| | - Dariusz Jarych
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Infections, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Łódź, Poland
| | - Gabriela Gajek
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Infections, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Łódź, Poland
| | - Karolina Chojnacka
- Department of Newborns’ Infectious Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paulina Kobiela
- Department of Neonatology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Maja Kufelnicka-Babout
- Department of Perinatology, First Chair of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Mateusz Michalski
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Infections, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Łódź, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sobczuk
- Department of Perinatology, First Chair of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szala-Poździej
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Infections, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Łódź, Poland
| | - Misao Matsushita
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Japan
| | - Jan Mazela
- Department of Newborns’ Infectious Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - David C. Kilpatrick
- Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, National Science Laboratory, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Jarosław Kalinka
- Department of Perinatology, First Chair of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Hideharu Sekine
- Department of Immunology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Maciej Cedzyński
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Infections, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Łódź, Poland
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Polymorphisms of TLR2, TLR4 and TOLLIP and tuberculosis in two independent studies. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:225758. [PMID: 32648572 PMCID: PMC7403954 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms for tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility have been researched by some studies, but few have studied multiple innate immunity genes associated with TB. Evidence suggests that the toll-like receptor 2, 4 (TLR2, TLR4) and toll interacting protein (TOLLIP) may be associated with TB susceptibility. In this self-validated study, we explored the association between common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TLR2, TLR4 and TOLLIP in the Chinese Han and Tibetan populations. A SNPscan™ method was used to genotype SNPs in the three genes. Multiple logistic regression adjusted by sex and age was used to detect the association between SNPs and TB. In TLR2, rs1898830 was associated with decreased risk against TB in the Chinese Han population, which was validated in the Tibetan population. In TLR4, rs11536889 was a protective factor for TB in the Tibetan population, but not in the Han population. Additionally, in the Tibetan population, we also found that the frequency of genotypes of TOLLIP rs11536889 differs significantly between TB patients and controls. We found rs1898830 in TLR2 was associated with TB susceptibility in both Chinese Han and Tibetan populations while rs11536889 in TLR4 and rs3750920 in TOLLIP were protective factors against TB in the Tibetan population.
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Association of TLR-2 Gene Polymorphisms with the Risk of Periodontitis: A Meta-Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:9353958. [PMID: 32831974 PMCID: PMC7429804 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9353958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is a kind of chronic infectious disease, affecting the health of billions of people. In recent years, a number of studies have shown that multiple immune gene polymorphisms are associated with the susceptibility to periodontitis, among which TLR-2 plays a critical role in periodontitis. But most of the studies reported TLR-2 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to periodontitis are not consistent. Therefore, we included all eligible studies in our study for further meta-analysis. Methods We used electronic databases, including CNKI, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases, and relevant research published through June, 2020. Selecting studies involved case-control trials. For all eligibility studies, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) are provided or can be calculated from the study data. The size of the combined effect was calculated using STATA 15.0. Results Our meta-analysis included 14 articles representing 18 case-control studies with a total of 3873 cases and 3438 control subjects. Significant association was found between periodontitis and TLR-2 rs1898830 polymorphism under the allelic model (A allele vs. G allele: p = 0.014, OR = 1.208, 95% CI: 1.039-1.406), recessive model (GG vs. GA+AA: p = 0.028, OR = 0.755, 95% CI: 0.588-0.970), and codominant model (GG VS. AA: p = 0.014, OR = 0.681, 95% CI: 0.501-0.925). In subgroup analysis, TLR-2 rs5743708 polymorphism was associated with periodontitis risk in Asians under an allelic model (G allele vs. A allele: p = 0.017, OR = 12.064, 95% CI: 1.570-92.688), dominant model (GA+AA vs.GG: p = 0.016, OR = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.010-0.620), and codominant model (GA VS. GG: p = 0.016, OR = 1.026, 95% CI: 0.821-1.282). Conclusion The TLR-2 rs1898830, rs5743708 polymorphism may be associated with susceptibility to periodontitis. In the future, genome-wide approaches and large-scale, multiethnic case-control trials are still needed.
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Li W, Cao X, He L, Meng H, Yang B, Liao Y. TLR4 polymorphisms may increase susceptibility to periodontitis in Pg-positive individuals. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7828. [PMID: 31772831 PMCID: PMC6875378 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene and the susceptibility to chronic periodontitis. Design 241 Chinese subjects from the cohort of Beijing Shijingshan Community were recruited. Buccal swab samples, the whole unstimulated saliva and periodontal clinical parameters were collected. Human DNA extracted from buccal swab samples were used for genotyping eight SNPs of the TLR4 gene (rs11536889, rs1927906, rs1927911, rs2149356, rs4986790, rs4986791, rs2737190, rs787384) by the Sequenom MassARRAY system. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) was detected from the deposition of the whole unstimulated saliva through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method based on 16S rRNA. The correlation between SNPs of TLR4 and chronic periodontitis susceptibility in the whole subjects and the patients detected with P. gingivalis was investigated. Results The variants of rs4986790 and rs4986791 were not found in 241 Chinese subjects. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the distribution of theother6 SNPs of TLR4 between groups of none/mild -periodontitis and moderate/severe-periodontitis subjects. When combined with P. gingivalis infection, rs1927911 (TT/CC+CT), rs2149356 (TT/GG+GT) and rs2737190 (GG/AA+AG) were independent risk factors of chronic periodontitis. Conclusion Three SNPs of TLR4, i.e., rs1927911 (TT/CC+CT), rs2149356 (TT/GG+GT) and rs2737190 (GG/AA+AG), were associated with moderate/severe chronic periodontitis in Chinese population infected with P. gingivalis. P. gingivalis, which interacted with TLR4 gene plays an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- Department of Periodontology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojing Cao
- Department of Periodontology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Lu He
- Department of Periodontology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Huanxin Meng
- Department of Periodontology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Bingtao Yang
- Department of Periodontology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanting Liao
- Department of Periodontology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Chang C, Lee W, Hsiao J, Ou C, Huang C, Tsai S, Chen K, Huang J, Wong T, Lai Y, Wu Y, Hsueh W, Wu S, Yen C, Chang J, Lin C, Weng Y, Yang H, Chen Y, Chang JS. Oral hygiene and the overall survival of head and neck cancer patients. Cancer Med 2019; 8:1854-1864. [PMID: 30865385 PMCID: PMC6488153 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor oral hygiene is an established risk factor of head and neck cancer (HNC); however, its role in the survival of HNC patients is unclear. This study evaluated the association between oral hygiene habits, including regular dental visits, frequency of tooth brushing, and use of dental floss, and the overall survival (OS) of HNC patients using interview data collected from 740 HNC patients. In addition, the interactions between oral hygiene and the polymorphisms of TLR2 and TLR4 on the OS of HNC patients were assessed. The analysis indicated that poor oral hygiene was significantly associated with poorer OS of HNC patients (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.38, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03‐1.86). This association was modified by a single nucleotide polymorphism, rs11536889, of TLR4. A significant association between poor oral hygiene and worse survival of HNC was observed among those with the CG or CC genotype (HR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.41‐3.82) but not among those with the GG genotype (HR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.65‐1.40). Our results suggested that poor oral hygiene is not only a risk factor but may also be a prognostic factor of HNC. Poor oral hygiene was associated with a worse survival of head and neck cancer. TLR4 affected the survival of head and neck cancer due to poor oral hygiene. Poor oral hygiene is both a risk and a prognostic factor of head and neck cancer
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan‐Chi Chang
- Department of OtolaryngologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Wei‐Ting Lee
- Department of OtolaryngologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Jenn‐Ren Hsiao
- Department of OtolaryngologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Chun‐Yen Ou
- Department of OtolaryngologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Cheng‐Chih Huang
- Department of OtolaryngologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Sen‐Tien Tsai
- Department of OtolaryngologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Ken‐Chung Chen
- Department of StomatologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Jehn‐Shyun Huang
- Department of StomatologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Tung‐Yiu Wong
- Department of StomatologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Hsuan Lai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Department of Radiation OncologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Yuan‐Hua Wu
- Department of Radiation OncologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Wei‐Ting Hsueh
- Department of Radiation OncologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Shang‐Yin Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Chia‐Jui Yen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Jang‐Yang Chang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research InstitutesTainanTaiwan
| | - Chen‐Lin Lin
- Department of NursingNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Ya‐Ling Weng
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research InstitutesTainanTaiwan
| | - Han‐Chien Yang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research InstitutesTainanTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Shan Chen
- Department of OtolaryngologyNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Jeffrey S. Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research InstitutesTainanTaiwan
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Hsiao JR, Chang CC, Lee WT, Huang CC, Ou CY, Tsai ST, Chen KC, Huang JS, Wong TY, Lai YH, Wu YH, Hsueh WT, Wu SY, Yen CJ, Chang JY, Lin CL, Weng YL, Yang HC, Chen YS, Chang JS. The interplay between oral microbiome, lifestyle factors and genetic polymorphisms in the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2019; 39:778-787. [PMID: 29668903 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor oral hygiene may lead to overgrowth of pathogenic oral bacteria, which may induce chronic inflammation to promote the oncogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study investigated the association between oral bacterial profile and OSCC risk in a case-control study of 138 OSCC cases and 151 controls (88 cases and 90 controls for the discovery group and 50 cases and 61 controls for the validation group). Oral bacterial profiles were characterized by targeted sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Three species of periodontopathogenic bacteria, Prevotella tannerae, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Prevotella intermedia, were associated with an increased OSCC risk. This association was modified by the genetic polymorphisms of TLR2 and TLR4. Use of alcohol, betel quids and cigarettes and poor oral hygiene were associated with a higher percentage of oral periodontopathogenic bacteria. The association between alcohol and periodontopathogenic bacteria was modified by the genetic polymorphism of ALDH2, with a stronger positive association observed among the ALDH2-deficient individuals. The percentage of periodontopathogenic bacteria was positively correlated with the level of salivary IL1β, an inflammatory cytokine. Overall, our results showed a positive association between periodontopathogenic bacteria and OSCC risk and this relationship may be influenced by lifestyle and genetic factors. Our results provided further biological support for the established association between poor oral hygiene and OSCC risk. This suggested that improving oral hygiene may reduce OSCC risk and should be part of a public health campaign to prevent the occurrence of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenn-Ren Hsiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Chi Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chih Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Ou
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Sen-Tien Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Ken-Chung Chen
- Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Jehn-Shyun Huang
- Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yiu Wong
- Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hua Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Hsueh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yin Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Yen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jang-Yang Chang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Lin Lin
- Department of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Weng
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chien Yang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Jeffrey S Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
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9
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Lack of association between the toll-like receptor 4 gene c.896A > G polymorphism and the predisposition to periodontal disease: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Meta Gene 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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10
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Shahi S, Zununi Vahed S, Fathi N, Sharifi S. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods: Promising molecular tools in dentistry. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:983-992. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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Uchino K, Mizuno S, Sato-Otsubo A, Nannya Y, Mizutani M, Horio T, Hanamura I, Espinoza JL, Onizuka M, Kashiwase K, Morishima Y, Fukuda T, Kodera Y, Doki N, Miyamura K, Mori T, Ogawa S, Takami A. Toll-like receptor genetic variations in bone marrow transplantation. Oncotarget 2018; 8:45670-45686. [PMID: 28484092 PMCID: PMC5542217 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Toll-like receptor family mediates the innate immune system through recognizing the molecular patterns of microorganisms and self-components and leading the synthesis of the inflammatory mediators. We retrospectively examined whether or not genetic variations in toll-like receptor 1 (rs5743551, -7202GQ>A), toll-like receptor 2 (rs7656411, 22215G>T), and toll-like receptor 4 (rs11536889, +3725G>C) affected transplant outcomes in a cohort of 365 patients who underwent unrelated HLA-matched bone marrow transplantation (for hematologic malignancies through the Japan Marrow Donor Program. Only donor toll-like receptor 4 variation significantly improved the survival outcomes. A multivariate analysis showed that the donor toll-like receptor 4 +3725G/G genotype was significantly associated with a better 5-year progression-free survival and a lower 5-year transplant-related mortality than other variations. Furthermore, the donor toll-like receptor 4 +3725G/G genotype was associated with a significantly lower incidence of fatal infections than other variations. The validation study of 502 patients confirmed that the donor toll-like receptor 4 +3725G/G genotype was associated with better survival outcomes. Toll-like receptor4 genotyping in transplant donors may therefore be a useful tool for optimizing donor selection and evaluating pretransplantation risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Uchino
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Shohei Mizuno
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Aiko Sato-Otsubo
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Nannya
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motonori Mizutani
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Horio
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Ichiro Hanamura
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - J Luis Espinoza
- Cellular Transplantation Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Makoto Onizuka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Koichi Kashiwase
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Morishima
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Fukuda
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Kodera
- Department of Promotion for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Noriko Doki
- Hematology Division, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Miyamura
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takehiko Mori
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Takami
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
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12
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Yu H, Lin M, Wang X, Wang S, Wang Z. Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphism is associated with increased susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Han Chinese patients with chronic periodontitis. J Oral Sci 2017; 58:555-560. [PMID: 28025440 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.16-0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Han Chinese patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). Six candidate SNPs of TLR4-rs10759930, rs10983755, rs11536879, rs1927907, rs11536889 and rs7873784-and 18 haplotype-tagging SNPs (tagSNPs) were genotyped in 339 patients with chronic periodontitis only (CP group), and 373 CP patients with COPD (CP with COPD group). The genotype distribution and allele frequencies of TLR4 rs1927907 among the CP (AA: 26, 8.5%, AG: 109, 35.5%, GG: 172, 56.0%) and CP with COPD (AA: 41, 12.0%, AG: 143, 41.7%, GG: 159, 46.4%) groups were significantly different (P = 0.039). After adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, and oral hygiene habits, CP patients carrying the AG polymorphism in TLR4 rs1927907 were found to be more susceptible to concomitant COPD than those carrying the GG genotype (P = 0.005, OR = 1.94, 95% CI for OR: 1.22-3.03). In conclusion, TLR4 gene polymorphism plays a role in the common pathophysiology of CP and COPD, indicating that CP patients with TLR4 gene rs1927907 polymorphism may be more susceptible to COPD.(J Oral Sci 58, 555-560, 2016).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University
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13
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Many primary and secondary studies reported the association between Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) polymorphism and periodontitis susceptibility, which mainly focused on TLR4-299A>G or TLR4-399C>T of Caucasian, however, these studies had different conclusions. The aim of this study was to reassess relative studies about TLR4 polymorphism and periodontitis susceptibility, and update meta-analysis. METHODS We searched the electronic database including CNKI (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure), PubMed, Embase, and hand searched relative studies until January 4, 2016. Two authors selected studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, assessed studies using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale case control study (NOS), and calculated the combined effect size using STATA software, version 12.0. RESULTS This meta-analysis included 18 studies, containing 2453 healthy participants and 2987 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and 462 patients with aggressive periodontitis (AP). There was a significance between TLR4C>G (rs7873784) allele and CP in Asian, and its recessive model was also significant (for C vs G: odds ratio [OR] = 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.54-0.95, I = 0%; for CC + CG vs GG: OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.49-0.89, I = 0%). However, we did not detect any significant relevance between other TLR4 polymorphism and periodontitis susceptibility in overall and subgroup analyses. The sensitive analysis showed that dropping any single studies did not affect the pooled-analysis results. Publication bias was not detected. CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis found association between TLR4C>G (rs7873784) allele and CP in Asian and it may passed on to offsprings in the form of recessiveness. However, further studies about the association between TLR4C>G (rs7873784) and CP is warranted to confirm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Han Jin
- Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical College
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University
| | - Xiao-Yan Guan
- Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical College
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Higher Education Institution, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Wen-Hong Liang
- Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical College
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Higher Education Institution, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Guo-Hui Bai
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Higher Education Institution, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jian-Guo Liu
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Higher Education Institution, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
- Correspondence: Jian-Guo Liu, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Special Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Higher Education Institution, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China (e-mail: )
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14
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Molteni M, Gemma S, Rossetti C. The Role of Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Infectious and Noninfectious Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:6978936. [PMID: 27293318 PMCID: PMC4887650 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6978936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) belongs to the family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). They are highly conserved receptors that recognize conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), thus representing the first line of defense against infections. TLR4 has been long recognized as the sensing receptor for gram-negative lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, it also binds endogenous molecules produced as a result of tissue injury. Hence, TLR4 represents a key receptor on which both infectious and noninfectious stimuli converge to induce a proinflammatory response. TLR4-mediated inflammation, triggered by exogenous or endogenous ligands, is also involved in several acute and chronic diseases, having a pivotal role as amplifier of the inflammatory response. This review focuses on the research progress about the role of TLR4 activation in infectious and noninfectious (e.g., sterile) inflammation and the effects of TLR4 signaling in some pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Molteni
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Sabrina Gemma
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Carlo Rossetti
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
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15
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Maheaswari R, Kshirsagar JT, Lavanya N. Polymerase chain reaction: A molecular diagnostic tool in periodontology. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2016; 20:128-35. [PMID: 27143822 PMCID: PMC4847456 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.176391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This review discusses the principles of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and its application as a diagnostic tool in periodontology. The relevant MEDLINE and PubMed indexed journals were searched manually and electronically by typing PCR, applications of PCR, PCR in periodontics, polymorphism studies in periodontitis, and molecular techniques in periodontology. The searches were limited to articles in English language and the articles describing PCR process and its relation to periodontology were collected and used to prepare a concise review. PCR has now become a standard diagnostic and research tool in periodontology. Various studies reveal that its sensitivity and specificity allow it as a rapid, efficient method of detecting, identifying, and quantifying organism. Different immune and inflammatory markers can be identified at the mRNA expression level, and also the determination of genetic polymorphisms, thus providing the deeper insight into the mechanisms underlying the periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Maheaswari
- Department of Periodontics, Tamil Nadu Government Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Nallasivam Lavanya
- Department of Periodontics, Tamil Nadu Government Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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16
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Han MX, Ding C, Kyung HM. Genetic polymorphisms in pattern recognition receptors and risk of periodontitis: Evidence based on 12,793 subjects. Hum Immunol 2015; 76:496-504. [PMID: 26079505 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) constitute a pivotal arm of innate immunity. Many studies investigated the association between PRRs polymorphisms and periodontitis risk, which showed inconclusive results. The aim of the meta-analysis was to evaluate the precise association between five widely-evaluated polymorphisms (CD14 -260C/T (rs2569190), Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 2408G/A (rs5743708), TLR4 896A/G (rs4986790), TLR4 1196C/T (rs4986791), mannose-binding lectin (MBL) codon 54 (rs1800450)) within the PRRs and susceptibility to either chronic (CP) or aggressive periodontitis (AgP). Overall, no significant association was found for the PRRs polymorphisms with either CP or AgP. In the subgroup analyses, TLR4 896G and 1196T alleles yielded a 32% (OR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.04-1.68) and a 37% increased CP risk (OR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.05-1.80) in Caucasians, respectively. Further stratified analyses revealed links between CD14, MBL2 polymorphisms and the severity of CP. This meta-analysis suggested that the periodontitis susceptibility was partly controlled by PRRs polymorphisms involved in the innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-xuan Han
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheng Ding
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hee-Moon Kyung
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Wang H, Wei Y, Zeng Y, Qin Y, Xiong B, Qin G, Li J, Hu D, Qiu X, Sooranna SR, Pinhu L. The association of polymorphisms of TLR4 and CD14 genes with susceptibility to sepsis in a Chinese population. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2014; 15:123. [PMID: 25394369 PMCID: PMC4411696 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-014-0123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Background Sepsis is now the leading cause of death in the non-cardiovascular intensive care unit (ICU). Recent research suggests that sepsis is likely to be due to an interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Genetic mutations of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) genes are involved in the immune and (or) inflammatory response. These may contribute to the susceptibility to sepsis in patients. This study was designed to evaluate whether the TLR4 and cluster CD14 gene polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to sepsis. Methods The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TLR4 (rs10759932, rs11536889, rs7873784, rs12377632, rs1927907, rs1153879) and CD14 (rs2569190 and rs2563298) in patients with sepsis and control subjects in the Guangxi Province were analyzed by using the polymerase chain reaction-single base extension (PCR-SBE) and DNA sequencing methods. Results The rs11536889 polymorphism in TLR4 and rs2563298 polymorphism in CD14 were significantly associated with the risk of sepsis when compared to the control group. The frequencies of rs11536889 and rs2563298 polymorphisms in the group with sepsis were higher than that in the control group (OR = 1.430, 95% CI, 1.032-1.981, P<0.05; OR = 2.454, 95% CI, 1.458-4.130, P<0.05, respectively). Followed up haplotype analysis suggested that there were two haplotypes in which increased risk factors for sepsis were indicated. Conclusions The rs11536889 polymorphism in TLR4 and rs2563298 polymorphism in CD14, and two haplotypes were associated with increased susceptibility to sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Wang
- Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533099, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Yesheng Wei
- Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533099, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Yi Zeng
- Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533099, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Yueqiu Qin
- Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533099, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Bin Xiong
- Intensive Care Unit, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Gang Qin
- Intensive Care Unit, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 323 Mingxiu East Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Jun Li
- Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533099, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Donghai Hu
- Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533099, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Xiaowen Qiu
- Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533099, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Suren R Sooranna
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, UK.
| | - Liao Pinhu
- Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533099, Guangxi, PR China.
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18
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Zhang Y, Li X. Lipopolysaccharide-regulated production of bone sialoprotein and interleukin-8 in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts: the role of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 and the MAPK pathway. J Periodontal Res 2014; 50:141-51. [PMID: 24854880 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the cell wall of periodontal pathogens is a major mediator of the inflammatory response and can enhance alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis. Bone sialoprotein is an early marker of osteoblast differentiation. The proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-8 (IL-8), induces osteoclast differentiation, maturation and maintenance of bone resorption activity. However, the effects of LPS from periodontal pathogens on the expression of bone sialoprotein and IL-8 in human osteoblasts and the mechanism of periodontal bone metabolism regulation are rather unclear. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS on the production of bone sialoprotein and IL-8 in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs), and to investigate whether toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, TLR4 and MAPKs pathways are involved in the regulation of production of bone sialoprotein and IL-8 by P. gingivalis LPS. MATERIAL AND METHODS The third-generation of hPDLFs were cultured with mineralization-inducing culture medium. After hPDLFs were treated with P. gingivalis LPS, bone sialoprotein and IL-8 mRNA expression were detected using Real time PCR. Then hPDLFs were transiently transfected with siTLR2 or siTLR4 (20 nm) or inhibited by MAPK signaling pathways inhibitors, and then bone sialoprotein and IL-8 mRNA and protein expression were also detected using Real time PCR and western blotting. RESULTS Treatments with 0.01 and 0.1 mg/L of P. gingivalis LPS for 8 h up-regulated bone sialoprotein mRNA expression, whereas 10 and 100 mg/L of P. gingivalis LPS induced a significant decrease in the expression of bone sialoprotein mRNA. In contrast, IL8 mRNA levels were increased significantly by 10 mg/L of P. gingivalis LPS. Interestingly, small interfering RNA (siRNA) knock down of the TLR2 and ERK1/2 inhibitor, PD98059, abolished the effects of P. gingivalis LPS on the bone sialoprotein mRNA level, whereas siRNA knock down of the TLR2 and p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, blocked the effect of P. gingivalis LPS on IL-8 in hPDLFs. CONCLUSION This study suggests that in hPDLFs, P. gingivalis LPS suppresses bone sialoprotein and enhances IL-8 gene and protein expression via TLR2 and ERK1/2 or the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, China
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19
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Catalani E, Amadori M, Vitali A, Lacetera N. Short communication: Lymphoproliferative response to lipopolysaccharide and incidence of infections in periparturient dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:7077-7081. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-6854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Castaño-Rodríguez N, Kaakoush NO, Goh KL, Fock KM, Mitchell HM. The role of TLR2, TLR4 and CD14 genetic polymorphisms in gastric carcinogenesis: a case-control study and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60327. [PMID: 23565226 PMCID: PMC3614925 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In addition to Helicobacter pylori infection, host genetic factors contribute to gastric cancer (GC). Recognition of H. pylori is known to involve Toll-like receptors (TLR), which subsequently leads to activation of NF-κB. Thus, the overall aim of this study was to estimate for the first time the pooled effect size of polymorphisms in TLR2, TLR4 and CD14 on GC development through a meta-analysis. Methods A case-control study comprising 284 ethnic Chinese individuals (70 non-cardia GC cases and 214 functional dyspepsia controls) was conducted for the genotyping of TLR2 -196 to -174del, CD14 -260 C/T and TLR4 rs11536889 using PCR, RT-PCR and mass spectrometry. Case-control studies of TLR2, TLR4 and CD14 polymorphisms and GC were searched up to June 2012. Pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were obtained by means of the random effects model. Results In our ethnic Chinese case-control study, the TLR4 rs11536889 C allele increased the risk of GC (OR: 1.89, 95%CI: 1.23–2.92) while the CD14 -260 T allele was protective (OR: 0.62, 95%CI: 0.42–0.91). TLR2 -196 to -174 increased the risk of GC only in H. pylori-infected individuals (OR: 3.10, 95%CI: 1.27–7.60). In the meta-analysis, TLR4 Asp299Gly showed borderline results in the general analysis (pooled OR: 1.58, 95%CI: 0.98–2.60), nevertheless, stratified analysis by ethnicity showed that the mutant allele was a definitive risk factor for GC in Western populations (pooled OR: 1.87, 95%CI: 1.31–2.65). There was a potential association between the TLR2 -196 to -174 deletion allele and GC in Japanese (pooled OR: 1.18, 95%CI: 0.96–1.45). TLR4 Thr399Ile did not provide significant results. Conclusions TLR4 rs11536889 and CD14 -260 C/T are associated with non-cardia GC in Chinese. Based on our meta-analysis, the TLR signalling pathway is involved in gastric carcinogenesis, TLR4 Asp299Gly and TLR2 -196 to -174del showing associations with GC in an ethnic-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Castaño-Rodríguez
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nadeem O. Kaakoush
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Khean-Lee Goh
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kwong Ming Fock
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hazel M. Mitchell
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Functional characterization of TLR4 +3725 G/C polymorphism and association with protection against overweight. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50992. [PMID: 23239997 PMCID: PMC3519812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Subclinical low-grade systemic inflammation has been associated with obesity, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome (MS). Recent studies have highlighted the role of gut microbiota in these disorders. The toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a key role in the innate immune response activation. We studied two polymorphisms (+3725G/C and 11350G/C) in the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of the TLR4 gene that may alter its expression and their association with metabolic disorders related to systemic inflammation. We cloned the 3′UTR into a luciferase reporter system and compared wild-type 3′UTR (WT) and +3725C variant (MUT) constructs luciferase activities. MUT construct reduced the reporter gene activity by 30% compared to WT (P = 0.0001). To evaluate the association between these polymorphisms with biochemical and clinical overweight related variables, we conducted a population cross-sectional study in 966 men of Argentine general population. Considering smoking as a confounding variable that causes systemic inflammation, we studied these possible effects in both, smokers and nonsmokers. The 11350G/C polymorphism was not detected in our sample whereas the CC genotype of +3725 polymorphism was associated with lean subjects (p = 0.011) and higher Adiponectin levels (p = 0.021). Subjects without any NCEP/ATP III MS component were associated with this genotype as well (p = 0.001). These results were strengthened in nonsmokers, in which CC genotype was associated with lean subjects (p = 0.003) and compared with G carriers showed significantly lower BMI (25.53 vs. 28.60 kg/m2; p = 0.023) and waist circumference (89.27 vs. 97.51 cm; p = 0.025). None of these associations were found in smokers. These results showed that +3725C variant has a functional effect down-regulating gene expression and it could be considered as a predictive factor against overweight, particularly in nonsmokers. Considering the role of TLR4 in inflammation, these findings would suggest that the presence of +3725C variant could predict a lower prevalence of chronic metabolic disorders.
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Reddy BH, Jayakumar ND, Akula SR, Sharma R, Kaarthikeyan G, Sankari. Analysis of association between TLR-4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile gene polymorphisms and chronic periodontitis in a sample of south Indian population. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2012; 15:366-70. [PMID: 22368361 PMCID: PMC3283934 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.92571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Accepted: 04/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To analyze the association between TLR-4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile gene polymorphisms and chronic periodontitis in a sample of south Indian population. Materials and Methods: Genomic DNA was obtained from peripheral blood of 60 patients with chronic periodontitis and 60 periodontally healthy subjects. TLR-4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile gene polymorphisms were genotyped by a polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The data were analyzed by a χ2-test and by relative risk estimation. Results: Thr399Ile alleles were found in 4% of chronic periodontitis patients and in 1% of periodontally healthy subjects. The prevalence of a Thr399Ile heterozygote was found to be 5% in the chronic periodontitis group and 1.67% in the periodontally healthy group, respectively. Homozygosity for TLR-4 Thr399Ile was seen in chronic periodontitis patients only, which was 1.67%. The TLR-4 Asp299Gly gene polymorphism was not detected in either chronic periodontitis or periodontally healthy groups. Conclusion: There is no significant association between TLR-4 Thr399Ile polymorphism and chronic periodontitis in a sample of south Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bavigadda Harish Reddy
- Department of Periodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Appannapally, Mahabubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Sato K, Yoshimura A, Kaneko T, Ukai T, Ozaki Y, Nakamura H, Li X, Matsumura H, Hara Y, Ogata Y. A single nucleotide polymorphism in 3'-untranslated region contributes to the regulation of Toll-like receptor 4 translation. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:25163-72. [PMID: 22661708 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.338426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that a single nucleotide polymorphism rs11536889 in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of TLR4 was associated with periodontitis. In this study the effects of this single nucleotide polymorphism on Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 expression were investigated. Monocytes from subjects with the C/C genotype expressed higher levels of TLR4 on their surfaces than those from subjects with the other genotypes. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from the C/C and G/C subjects secreted higher levels of IL-8 in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a TLR4 ligand, than the cells from the G/G subjects. However, there was no significant difference in TLR4 mRNA levels in PBMCs from the subjects with each genotype. After stimulation with tripalmitoylated CSK(4) (Pam(3)CSK(4)), TLR4 mRNA levels increased in PBMCs from both the C/C and G/G subjects, whereas TLR4 protein levels increased in PBMCs from the C/C but not G/G subjects. Transient transfection of a series of chimeric luciferase constructs revealed that a fragment of 3'-UTR containing rs11536889 G allele, but not C allele, suppressed luciferase activity induced by LPS or IL-6. Two microRNAs, hsa-miR-1236 and hsa-miR-642a, were predicted to bind to rs11536889 G allele. Inhibition of these microRNAs reversed the suppressed luciferase activity. These microRNA inhibitors also up-regulated endogenous TLR4 protein on THP-1 cells (the G/G genotype) after LPS stimulation. Furthermore, mutant microRNAs that bind to the C allele inhibited the luciferase activity of the construct containing the C allele. These results indicate that genetic variation of rs11536889 contributes to translational regulation of TLR4, possibly by binding to microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Sato
- Department of Periodontology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
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Richter GM, Graetz C, Pohler P, Nothnagel M, Dommisch H, Laine ML, Folwaczny M, Noack B, Eickholz P, Groessner-Schreiber B, Jepsen S, Loos BG, Schreiber S, Schaefer AS. Common genetic risk variants ofTLR2 are not associated with periodontitis in large European case-control populations. J Clin Periodontol 2012; 39:315-22. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2011.01846.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gesa M. Richter
- Christian-Albrechts-University; Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology; Kiel; Germany
| | - Christian Graetz
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology; University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein; Kiel; Germany
| | - Pia Pohler
- Charité University Medical Center, Operative Dentistry and Periodontology; Berlin; Germany
| | - Michael Nothnagel
- Christian-Albrechts-University; Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics; Kiel; Germany
| | - Henrik Dommisch
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry; University of Bonn; Bonn; Germany
| | - Marja L. Laine
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Section of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and VU University; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Mathias Folwaczny
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Periodontology; University of Munich; Munich; Germany
| | - Barbara Noack
- University Medical Center Carl Gustav Carus der Technischen Universität Dresden; Zentrum für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Poliklinik für Zahnerhaltung; Dresden; Germany
| | - Peter Eickholz
- Zentrum der Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde (Carolinum) der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main; Poliklinik für Parodontologie; Frankfurt am Main; Germany
| | - Birte Groessner-Schreiber
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology; University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein; Kiel; Germany
| | - Søren Jepsen
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry; University of Bonn; Bonn; Germany
| | - Bruno G. Loos
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Section of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and VU University; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Christian-Albrechts-University; Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology; Kiel; Germany
| | - Arne S. Schaefer
- Christian-Albrechts-University; Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology; Kiel; Germany
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Ito M, Hanaoka M, Droma Y, Kobayashi N, Yasuo M, Kitaguchi Y, Horiuchi T, Ikegawa K, Katsuyama Y, Kubo K, Ota M. The association of Toll-like receptor 4 gene polymorphisms with the development of emphysema in Japanese subjects: a case control study. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5:36. [PMID: 22251849 PMCID: PMC3333474 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The principal role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is the induction of immune responses to lipopolysaccharides. Previously, mice deficient in the TLR4 gene exhibited up-regulation of the NADPH oxidase system in the lungs. This resulted in increased oxidant generation and elastolytic activity, which led to pulmonary emphysema. It was suggested that TLR4 might maintain constitutive lung integrity by modulating oxidant generation. We investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TLR4 gene were associated with the emphysema phenotype in Japanese subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). RESULTS Seven SNPs in the TLR4 gene (rs10759930, rs1927914, rs12377632, rs2149356, rs11536889, rs7037117, and rs7045953) were genotyped with allelic discrimination assays. The frequencies of SNPs were compared between 106 patients with the emphysema phenotype of COPD and 137 healthy smokers. We found that the positivity of the individuals with the major G allele of rs11536889 was significantly less in the emphysema group than the control group (p = 0.019). The frequencies of the minor C allele and the distribution of the CC genotype as well as the frequency of the major haplotype that carried the minor C allele of rs11536889 were all significantly higher in the emphysema group than the control group (p = 0.0083, 0.019, and 0.004, respectively). Furthermore, the strength of the association of the CC genotype with the emphysema phenotype was in an odds ratio of 2.60 with 95% confidence intervals from 1.17 to 5.78. However, these significances were not apparent after adjust for age and smoking history by logistic regression. No associations were observed between the rs11536889 and the low attenuation area score, the forced expiratory volume, and the carbon monoxide diffusion capacity in the emphysema group. CONCLUSIONS The minor C allele of the rs11536889 SNP in the TLR4 gene is likely associated with the risk of developing emphysema in the Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Ito
- First Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hanaoka
- First Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yunden Droma
- First Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Nobumitsu Kobayashi
- First Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Masanori Yasuo
- First Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kitaguchi
- First Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Horiuchi
- First Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Kayoko Ikegawa
- First Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Katsuyama
- Department of Pharmacy, Shinshu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Keishi Kubo
- First Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Masao Ota
- Department of Legal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan
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Takahashi M, Chen Z, Watanabe K, Kobayashi H, Nakajima T, Kimura A, Izumi Y. Toll-like receptor 2 gene polymorphisms associated with aggressive periodontitis in Japanese. Open Dent J 2011; 5:190-4. [PMID: 22235236 PMCID: PMC3253990 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601105010190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Aggressive periodontitis is a rare and very severe periodontal disease of early onset, which is closely associated with Porphyromonas.gingivalis (P.g.) infection in the Japanese population. TLR2 encodes Toll-like receptor 2, which plays an important role in the protective response to P.g. infection. We investigated a possible association between TLR2 and aggressive periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Of 2,460 Japanese patients with periodontitis, 38 patients with aggressive periodontitis were enrolled in this study. These 38 aggressive periodontitis patients and 190 Japanese healthy controls were examined for an insertion/deletion (Ins/Del) polymorphism in exon 1, a polymorphism in intron 1 (rs7696323), and a synonymous polymorphism in exon 3 (rs3804100) in TLR2. RESULTS We found significant associations of resistance to aggressive periodontitis with the Ins allele (allele frequency in the patients versus controls, 0.540 vs. 0.676, OR=0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI); 0.34-0.92, p=0.022) and the T allele of rs3804100 (0.579 vs. 0.716, OR=0.55, 95% CI; 0.33-0.91, p=0.018), although the C allele of rs7696323 showed no significant association (0.733 vs. 0.829, OR=0.58). A permutation test of Ins/Del-rs7696323-rs3804100 haplotype revealed a significant association between Ins-C-T haplotype (0.252 vs. 0.479, p=0.0003) and resistance to aggressive periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS The TLR2 polymorphisms were suggested to confer protection against aggressive periodontitis in a Japanese population. The association should be replicated in other cohorts to further identify the responsible TLR polymorphism(s) involved in the pathogenesis of aggressive periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Takahashi
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science
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Lack of association between gene polymorphisms of Angiotensin converting enzyme, Nod-like receptor 1, Toll-like receptor 4, FAS/FASL and the presence of Helicobacter pylori-induced premalignant gastric lesions and gastric cancer in Caucasians. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2011; 12:112. [PMID: 21864388 PMCID: PMC3166912 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-12-112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Several polymorphisms of genes involved in the immunological recognition of Helicobacter pylori and regulating apoptosis and proliferation have been linked to gastric carcinogenesis, however reported data are partially conflicting. The aim of our study was to evaluate potential associations between the presence of gastric cancer (GC) and high risk atrophic gastritis (HRAG) and polymorphisms of genes encoding Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), Nod-like receptor 1 (NOD1), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and FAS/FASL. Methods Gene polymorphisms were analyzed in 574 subjects (GC: n = 114; HRAG: n = 222, controls: n = 238) of Caucasian origin. ACE I/D (rs4646994), NOD1 796G>A (rs5743336), TLR4 3725G>C (rs11536889), FAS 1377G>A (rs2234767), FAS 670A>G (rs1800682) and FASL 844T>C (rs763110) were genotyped by different PCR approaches and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results Frequencies of genotypes in our study are similar to the data reported on subjects of Caucasian ethnicity. There was a tendency for NOD1 796G/G genotype to be associated with increased risk of HRAG (62.4% vs. 54.5% in controls, p = 0.082). FAS 670G/G genotype was more frequent in HRAG when compared to controls, 23.9% and 17.2% respectively, however it failed to reach significance level (p = 0.077). We did not find any significant associations for all polymorphisms in relation to GC or HRAG. NOD1 796G>A and TLR4 3725G>C gene polymorphisms were also not associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. Conclusions ACE, NOD1, TRL4 and FAS/FASL gene polymorphisms are not linked with gastric carcinogenesis in Caucasians, and therefore they should not be considered as potential biomarkers for identifying individuals with higher risk for GC.
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Sahingur SE, Xia XJ, Gunsolley J, Schenkein HA, Genco RJ, De Nardin E. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of pattern recognition receptors and chronic periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2010; 46:184-92. [PMID: 21118416 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2010.01327.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease influenced partly by genetics. Activation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) can lead to the up-regulation of inflammatory pathways, resulting in periodontal tissue destruction. Hence, functional polymorphisms located in PRRs can explain differences in host susceptibility to periodontitis. This study investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms of PRRs including toll-like receptor (TLR)2 (G2408A), TLR4 (A896G), TLR9 (T1486C), TLR9 (T1237C) and CD14 (C260T) in patients with chronic periodontitis and in periodontally healthy subjects. METHODS One-hundred and fourteen patients with chronic periodontitis and 77 periodontally healthy subjects were genotyped using TaqMan® allelic discrimination assays. Fisher's exact test and chi-square analyses were performed to compare genotype and allele frequencies. RESULTS The frequency of subjects with the CC genotype of CD14 (C260T) (24.6% in the chronic periodontitis group vs. 13% in the periodontally healthy group) and those expressing the T allele of CD14 (C260T) (CT and TT) (75.4% in the chronic periodontitis group vs. 87% in the periodontally healthy group) was statistically different among groups (p = 0.04). Homozygocity for the C allele of the CD14 (C260T) polymorphism (CC) was associated with a two--fold increased susceptibility to periodontitis (p = 0.04; odds ratio, 2.49; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-6.26). Individuals with the CC genotype of TLR9 (T1486C) (14.9% in the chronic periodontitis group vs. 28.6% in the periodontally healthy group) and those expressing the T allele of TLR9 (T1486C) (CT and TT) (85.1% in the chronic periodontitis group vs. 71.4% in the periodontally healthy group) were also significantly differently distributed between groups without adjustment (p = 0.03). Further analysis of nonsmokers revealed a significant difference in the distribution of genotypes between groups for TLR9 (T1486C; p = 0.017) and CD14 (C260T; p = 0.03), polymorphisms again without adjustment. CONCLUSION The CC genotype of CD14 (C260T) is related to susceptibility to chronic periodontitis in Caucasians. In addition, differences observed in the distribution of TLR9 (T1486C) genotypes between groups warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Sahingur
- Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontics, Richmond, VA 23298-0566, USA.
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Li X, Kato N, Mezawa M, Li Z, Wang Z, Yang L, Sasaki Y, Kaneko T, Takai H, Yoshimura A, Ogata Y. Transcriptional regulation of bone sialoprotein gene by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide. J Cell Biochem 2010; 110:823-33. [PMID: 20564183 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major mediator of inflammatory response. Periodontopathic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS has quite different character from Escherichia coli LPS. E. coli LPS is agonist for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), whereas P. gingivalis LPS worked as antagonist for TLR4. Bone sialoprotein (BSP) is an early marker of osteoblast differentiation. To investigate the effects of P. gingivalis LPS on BSP transcription, we used rat osteoblast-like ROS17/2.8 cells. BSP mRNA levels were decreased by 0.1 microg/ml and increased by 0.01 microg/ml P. gingivalis LPS at 12 h. Results of luciferase assays showed that 0.1 microg/ml decreased and 0.01 microg/ml P. gingivalis LPS increased BSP transcription in -116 to +60 BSP construct. The effects of P. gingivalis LPS were abrogated by double mutations in cAMP response element (CRE) and FGF2 response element (FRE). Tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A, ERK1/2 inhibitor and antioxidant N-acetylcystein inhibited effects of P. gingivalis LPS. Protein kinase A inhibitor and PI3-kinase/Akt inhibitor only abolished the effect of 0.01 microg/ml P. gingivalis LPS. Furthermore, 0.1 microg/ml LPS decreased the CRE- and FRE-protein complexes formation, whereas 0.01 microg/ml P. gingivalis LPS increased the nuclear protein binding to CRE and FRE. ChIP assays revealed increased binding of CREB1, JunD, Fra2, Runx2, Dlx5, and Smad1 to a chromatin fragment containing the CRE and FRE by 0.01 microg/ml P. gingivalis LPS. These studies therefore indicated that 0.1 microg/ml suppressed, and 0.01 microg/ml P. gingivalis LPS increased BSP gene transcription mediated through CRE and FRE elements in the rat BSP gene promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Li
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
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Zhou L, Wei B, Xing C, Xie H, Yu X, Wu L, Zheng S. Polymorphism in 3'-untranslated region of toll-like receptor 4 gene is associated with protection from hepatitis B virus recurrence after liver transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2010; 13:250-8. [PMID: 20977567 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2010.00574.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) recurrence is one of the more severe complications following liver transplantation. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a key role in human immunity by recognizing various bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TLRs are thought to have an impact on the susceptibility to some pathogens. This study focused on the association between polymorphisms in the TLRs and HBV recurrence after liver transplantation in Han Chinese patients. METHODS A total of 41 tag SNPs in TLRs were detected by the snapshot technique in 125 patients with primary HBV-related diseases receiving liver transplantation in our center from 2004 to 2008. RESULTS By comparing the genetic variations and clinical data between the HBV recurrence patients and nonrecurrence patients, we found that the variant genotype of rs11536889 (TLR4) was significantly associated with HBV recurrence after liver transplantation (P = 0.040, odds ratio was 0.390, 95% confidence interval 0.159-0.957). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that polymorphism in 3'-untranslated regions of the TLR4 gene may be related to protection from HBV recurrence after liver transplantation in Han Chinese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province
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Lai PB, Zhang L, Yan SJ, Yang LY. Absence of TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile Polymorphisms in Chinese Han Population With Type 2 Diabetes. Lab Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1309/lmxolm087icxxcse] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Ford PJ, Gamonal J, Seymour GJ. Immunological differences and similarities between chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 2010; 53:111-23. [PMID: 20403108 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2010.00349.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Mikula I, Bhide M, Pastorekova S, Mikula I. Characterization of ovine TLR7 and TLR8 protein coding regions, detection of mutations and Maedi Visna virus infection. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2010; 138:51-9. [PMID: 20638136 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2010.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 06/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2, 3, 4, 7, 8 and 9 play a crucial role in the recognition of viral entities and modulation of the innate immune system. This work presents sequence analysis of ovine TLR7 and TLR8 genes, depicts novel mutations and describes frequencies of mutations in Maedi Visna infected and healthy sheep. Totally 48 samples of the breed Tsigai were analyzed for the presence of mutations. Within 20 mutations, 14 were silent whereas 6 were missense. The frequencies of missense mutations in the Maedi Visna infected compared to non-infected sheep were: Lys115Glu (P-0.766, F-test), Asn117 (P-0.380) and Lys818Arg (P-0.739). These three mutations were localized in extra LRR (lucine rich repeat) region of TLR7, while mutation Ile73Leu (P-0.498) was located within LRR2 motif. Both mutations in TLR8, Asn165Lys (P-1.0) and Tyr349His (P-0.700), were present in extra LRR region. The secondary structure analysis of ovine TLR7 and TLR8 revealed conserved LRR motif structure, however with some irregularities compared to cattle and human. Transmembrane domains of TLR7 and TLR8 showed 100% homology between sheep and cattle wherein no mutations were found. In both TLRs TIR domains were highly conserved with occurrence of 4 silent mutations. Mutations in TLR7 and TLR8 may play an important role as predisposition factor for Maedi Visna infection. Considering the sequence homology among sheep, cattle and human genes encoding TLR7 and TLR8, we predict their similar function, localization and downstream signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mikula
- Laboratory of Biomedical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho-73, Kosice, Slovakia
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Gerstenfeld LC, McLean J, Healey DS, Stapleton SN, Silkman LJ, Price C, Jepsen KJ. Genetic variation in the structural pattern of osteoclast activity during post-natal growth of mouse femora. Bone 2010; 46:1546-54. [PMID: 20178867 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2010.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2009] [Revised: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 02/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
While the spatial activity of osteoblasts has been associated with modeling of bones during development, few studies have examined if variation in the spatial activity of osteoclasts also contributes to the morphogenesis of skeletal tissues. We examined this question by histomorphometric analysis and reconstructing the three-dimensional spatial distribution of osteoclasts in the femora of three inbred strains of male mice (A/J, C57BL/6J [B6], and C3H/HeJ [C3H]) that have differing skeletal, structural, and material properties. Our data show that total osteoclast surface area and osteoclast numbers are related to the overall bone density, but not related to the development of bone diameter or overall cortical area. The analysis of the spatial distribution of the osteoclasts showed that the asymmetrical mid-diaphyseal distribution of osteoclasts in A/J and B6 compared to the more uniform distribution of these cells around the circumference in the C3H mice was consistent with the more ellipsoid shape of A/J and B6 femora compared to the more circular mid-diaphyseal shape of the femora in the C3H mice. The statistically 2- to 3-fold fewer cells on the periosteal surface in the C3H compared to either the B6 or A/J mice is also consistent with the greater cortical thickness that is seen for the C3H mice compared to either B6 or A/J strains. In vitro studies of osteoclastogenesis and the expression of numerous phenotypic properties of osteoclasts prepared from the three strains of mice showed that A/J and B6 mice developed statistically greater numbers of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) positive cells and expressed statistically higher levels of multiple mRNAs that are unique to differentiated osteoclasts than those isolated from the C3H strain. In summary, the 3D reconstructions and histomorphometric analysis suggest that genetic differences lead to spatial variation in the distribution of osteoclasts. These variations in spatial distribution of osteoclasts in turn contribute in part to the development of the structural variations of the femora that are seen in the three strains of mice. In vitro studies suggest that intrinsic genetic variation in osteoclastogenesis and their phenotypic expression may contribute to the differences in their functional activities that give rise to the unique spatial distributions of these cells in bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Gerstenfeld
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
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Lima HR, Gelani V, Fernandes AP, Gasparoto TH, Torres SA, Santos CF, Garlet GP, da Silva JS, Campanelli AP. The essential role of toll like receptor-4 in the control of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans infection in mice. J Clin Periodontol 2010; 37:248-54. [PMID: 20149215 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2009.01531.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral Gram-negative bacterium that contributes to periodontitis progression. Isolated antigens from A. actinomycetemcomitans could be activating innate immune cells through Toll-like receptors (TLRs). In this study, we evaluated the role of TLR4 in the control of A. actinomycetemcomitans infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS We examined the mechanisms that modulate the outcome of A. actinomycetemcomitans-induced periodontal disease in TLR4(-/-) mice. The production of cytokines was evaluated by ELISA. The bacterial load was determined by counting the number of colony-forming units per gram of tissue. RESULTS The results showed that TLR4-deficient mice developed less severe periodontitis after A. actinomycetemcomitans infection, characterized by significantly lower bone loss and inflammatory cell migration to periodontal tissues. However, the absence of TLR4 facilitated the A. actinomycetemcomitans dissemination. Myeloperoxidase activity was diminished in the periodontal tissue of TLR4(-/-) mice. We observed a significant reduction in the production of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin (IL)-1beta in the periodontal tissue of TLR4(-/-) mice. CONCLUSION The results of this study highlighted the role of TLR4 in controlling A. actinomycetemcomitans infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayana Ramos Lima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Gene polymorphisms in chronic periodontitis. Int J Dent 2010; 2010:324719. [PMID: 20339487 PMCID: PMC2844543 DOI: 10.1155/2010/324719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2009] [Revised: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 01/06/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to conduct a review of the literature for gene polymorphisms associated with chronic periodontitis (CP) susceptibility. A comprehensive search of the literature in English was performed using the keywords: periodontitis, periodontal disease, combined with the words genes, mutation, or polymorphism. Candidate gene polymorphism studies with a case-control design and reported genotype frequencies in CP patients were searched and reviewed. There is growing evidence that polymorphisms in the IL1, IL6, IL10, vitamin D receptor, and CD14 genes may be associated with CP in certain populations. However, carriage rates of the rare (R)-allele of any polymorphism varied considerably among studies and most of the studies appeared under-powered and did not correct for other risk factors. Larger cohorts, well-defined phenotypes, control for other risk factors, and analysis of multiple genes and polymorphisms within the same pathway are needed to get a more comprehensive insight into the contribution of gene polymorphisms in CP.
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Holla LI, Vokurka J, Hrdlickova B, Augustin P, Fassmann A. Association of Toll-like receptor 9 haplotypes with chronic periodontitis in Czech population. J Clin Periodontol 2010; 37:152-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2009.01523.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Takagi Y, Masamune A, Kume K, Satoh A, Kikuta K, Watanabe T, Satoh K, Hirota M, Shimosegawa T. Microsatellite polymorphism in intron 2 of human Toll-like receptor 2 gene is associated with susceptibility to acute pancreatitis in Japan. Hum Immunol 2009; 70:200-4. [PMID: 19280717 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2009.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the association of the polymorphisms in the Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4 genes with acute pancreatitis (AP) in Japan. The numbers of guanine-thymine [(GT)n] repeats in intron 2 of the TLR2 gene were counted in 202 unrelated patients with AP (80 with severe and 122 with mild disease) and in 286 healthy controls, using polymerase chain reaction and Genescan analysis. The alleles were divided into three subclasses: (GT)16 or less as the S allele; between (GT)17 and (GT)22 as the M allele; and (GT)23 or more as the L allele. Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms in the TLR4 gene were examined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Patients with AP had more S alleles (p < 0.001; odds ratio = 2.37; 95% confidence interval = 1.78-3.17) and fewer M alleles (p < 0.001; odds ratio = 0.40; 95% confidence interval 0.31-0.52) than did healthy controls. Genotypes SS and SL were more common, whereas MM and ML were less common in patients with AP. In subgroup analyses, the genotypes including S alleles were more common in patients with severe AP than in controls. No Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms were detected. In conclusion, microsatellite polymorphism in intron 2 of the TLR2 gene was associated with susceptibility to AP and its severity in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Takagi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Bhide MR, Mucha R, Mikula I, Kisova L, Skrabana R, Novak M, Mikula I. Novel mutations in TLR genes cause hyporesponsiveness to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection. BMC Genet 2009; 10:21. [PMID: 19470169 PMCID: PMC2705378 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-10-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2008] [Accepted: 05/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toll like receptors (TLR) play the central role in the recognition of pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Mutations in the TLR1, TLR2 and TLR4 genes may change the ability to recognize PAMPs and cause altered responsiveness to the bacterial pathogens. RESULTS The study presents association between TLR gene mutations and increased susceptibility to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infection. Novel mutations in TLR genes (TLR1- Ser150Gly and Val220Met; TLR2 - Phe670Leu) were statistically correlated with the hindrance in recognition of MAP legends. This correlation was confirmed subsequently by measuring the expression levels of cytokines (IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and IFN-gamma) in the mutant and wild type moDCs (mocyte derived dendritic cells) after challenge with MAP cell lysate or LPS. Further in silico analysis of the TLR1 and TLR4 ectodomains (ECD) revealed the polymorphic nature of the central ECD and irregularities in the central LRR (leucine rich repeat) motifs. CONCLUSION The most critical positions that may alter the pathogen recognition ability of TLR were: the 9th amino acid position in LRR motif (TLR1-LRR10) and 4th residue downstream to LRR domain (exta-LRR region of TLR4). The study describes novel mutations in the TLRs and presents their association with the MAP infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangesh R Bhide
- Laboratory of Biomedical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Komenskeho-73, Kosice, Slovakia.
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Abstract
AIM To determine whether genetic variants of the TLR4 gene are associated with either chronic or aggressive periodontitis. METHODS A systematic electronic search of literature was conducted to identify all published studies without any language restriction on the association between TLR4 and periodontal diseases, including chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis. All case-control studies evaluating the TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms in chronic or aggressive periodontitis were identified. A meta-analysis of the studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria was performed. RESULTS Seven studies comprising 744 chronic periodontitis cases and 855 controls and four studies consisting of a total of 295 aggressive periodontitis cases and 456 controls were included in the meta-analysis. In the pooled analysis, the TLR4 299Gly allele (TLR4+896 A>G) appeared to be a genetic risk factor for susceptibility to chronic periodontitis with a random effects and fixed effects odds ratio (OR) of 1.43 [95% confidence interval (CI):1.04-1.97; p=0.03]. On the other hand, the TLR4 399Ile polymorphism (TLR4+1196 C>T) showed a protective effect against aggressive periodontitis with a random effects OR of 0.29 (95% CI: 0.13-0.61; p=0.001). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the alleles 299Gly and 399Ile in TLR4 can be a potential genetic marker for periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayla Ozturk
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Hishida A, Matsuo K, Goto Y, Mitsuda Y, Hiraki A, Naito M, Wakai K, Tajima K, Hamajima N. Toll-like receptor 4 +3725 G/C polymorphism, Helicobacter pylori seropositivity, and the risk of gastric atrophy and gastric cancer in Japanese. Helicobacter 2009; 14:47-53. [PMID: 19191896 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2009.00659.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms were reported to be a risk factor of gastric carcinoma or its precursors in Caucasian and Indian population, but these polymorphisms are absent in Japanese. We investigated the associations of TLR4+3725 G/C polymorphism, another functional polymorphism of TLR4, with risk of gastric cancer and gastric atrophy in Japanese. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study subjects were 583 histologically diagnosed gastric cancer patients and age- and sex-matched 1592 control outpatients, who visited Aichi Cancer Center Hospital from 2001 to 2005. Serum anti-H. pylori IgG antibody and pepsinogens were measured to evaluate H. pylori infection and gastric atrophy, respectively. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by a logistic model. RESULTS Among the seropositive subjects, the age- and sex-adjusted OR of gastric atrophy was 1.17 (95%CI: 0.91-1.50) for G/C, 1.20 (95%CI: 0.76-1.89) for C/C, and 1.18 (95%CI: 0.93-1.49) for G/C+C/C relative to G/G genotype. The age- and sex-adjusted OR of severe gastric atrophy among H. pylori seropositive subjects was 1.43 (95%CI: 0.99-2.06) for G/C, 1.47 (95%CI: 0.76-2.88) for C/C, and 1.43 (95%CI: 1.01-2.04) for G/C+C/C. The OR of gastric cancer compared with gastric atrophy controls was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Our study found that TLR4+3725 G/C polymorphism was a risk factor of severe gastric atrophy in H. pylori seropositive Japanese. Our results underscored the significance of the variations in host innate immunity due to TLR4 polymorphism as genetic predispositions to gastric precancerous lesions in Eastern Asian populations with the same backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asahi Hishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine/Biostatistics and Medical Decision Making, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
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Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are central mediators of innate antimicrobial and inflammatory responses and play instructive roles in the development of the adaptive immune response. Thus when stimulated by certain agonists, TLRs serve as adjuvant receptors that link innate and adaptive immunity. However, when excessively activated or inadequately controlled during an infection, TLRs may contribute to immunopathology associated with inflammatory diseases, such as periodontitis. Moreover, certain microbial pathogens appear to exploit aspects of TLR signalling in ways that enhance their adaptive fitness. The diverse and important roles played by TLRs suggest that therapeutic manipulation of TLR signalling may have implications in the control of infection, attenuation of inflammation, and the development of vaccine adjuvants for the treatment of periodontitis. Successful application of TLR-based therapeutic modalities in periodontitis would require highly selective and precisely targeted intervention. This would in turn necessitate precise characterization of TLR signalling pathways in response to periodontal pathogens, as well as development of effective and specific agonists or antagonists of TLR function and signalling. This review summarizes the current status of TLR biology as it relates to periodontitis, and evaluates the potential of TLR-based approaches for host-modulation therapy in this oral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Hajishengallis
- Department of Periodontics/ Oral Health and Systemic Disease, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
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Mucha R, Bhide MR, Chakurkar EB, Novak M, Mikula I. Toll-like receptors TLR1, TLR2 and TLR4 gene mutations and natural resistance to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2008; 128:381-8. [PMID: 19131114 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2008] [Revised: 11/21/2008] [Accepted: 12/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Toll like receptors (TLRs) are a class of pattern recognition receptors belonging to the innate immune system. Mutations in the protein coding region of TLRs are associated with altered responsiveness to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). A search was performed for novel mutations in bovine TLR1, TLR2 and TLR4 genes associated with the Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infection. The work was also focused on the assessment of linkage between well known mutations in TLR genes (TLR2: Arg677Trp, Pro681His and Arg753Gln; TLR4: Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile), and the susceptibility of cattle to MAP infection. Detection of MAP infection in cattle population (n=711) was based on IS900 PCR, which revealed 22.50% (n=160) MAP positivity. Known mutations in TLR2 and TLR4 genes were not found in cattle population. A novel mutation Val220Met was associated (Odd's ratio, OR-3.459) with increased susceptibility to MAP infection. Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain of TLR2 was screened for the presence of mutations, wherein a novel Ile680Val mutation was linked with MAP infection. In silico analysis of the bovine TLR4 ectodomain (ECD) revealed the polymorphic nature of the central ECD and irregularities in the central LRR motifs. LRR11 of the TLR4 showed five missense mutations possibly linked with the increased susceptibility to MAP infection. The most critical position that may alter the pathogen recognition of TLR molecule was 4th residue downstream to LRR domain. Two such missense mutations in TLR4 (Asp299Asn downstream to LRR11, and Gly389Ser downstream to LRR15) were associated with MAP infection. Briefly, the work describes novel mutations in the bovine TLRs and presents their association with the MAP infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mucha
- Laboratory of Biomedical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Kosice, Slovakia
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Atkinson TJ. Toll-like receptors, transduction-effector pathways, and disease diversity: evidence of an immunobiological paradigm explaining all human illness? Int Rev Immunol 2008; 27:255-81. [PMID: 18574739 DOI: 10.1080/08830180801959072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-bound Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are frontline guardians in the mammalian innate immune system. They primarily function to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of invading microorganisms and on activation mount rapid, nonspecific innate responses and trigger sequential delayed specific adaptive cellular responses, which are mediated by complex signal transduction pathways involving adaptor molecules, costimulatory ligands and receptors, kinases, transcription factors, and modulated gene expression. Increasing evidence of multiple functionality and diversity suggests TLRs play critical roles in noninfective medical conditions such as cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neurologic, musculoskeletal, obstetric, renal, liver, and dermatologic diseases, allergy, autoimmunity, and tissue regeneration. The significance of TLR heterogeneity underscores the possibility for establishing a universal immunobiological model to explain all human disease. Novel immunomodulatory therapies targeting specific or multiple TLRs may in the future offer new tools to combat or eradicate pathogenesis potentially transforming the landscape of current medical treatments.
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