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Mlosek RK, Malinowska SP. High-Frequency Ultrasound in the Assessment of Cellulite-Correlation between Ultrasound-Derived Measurements, Clinical Assessment, and Nürnberger-Müller Scale Scores. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1878. [PMID: 39272663 PMCID: PMC11393914 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14171878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellulite is a cosmetic defect of multifactorial etiology that affects over 90% of women worldwide. Cellulite-induced skin changes are undesirable and negatively affect self-esteem. Despite a plethora of cellulite-reducing treatments, we still lack objective tools to enable accurate diagnosis and treatment efficacy assessment. The aim of this study was to determine whether high-frequency ultrasound can be helpful in assessing cellulite and whether there is an association between ultrasound-derived measurements, parameters ascertained clinically, and cellulite assessment scale scores. METHODS The study group consisted of 114 women with cellulite in their posterior thighs, assessed using the Nürnberger-Müller scale. Two types of ultrasound devices were used in this study: a conventional scanner with a linear transducer and a skin-dedicated scanner equipped with a mechanical transducer. We used high-frequency ultrasonography to determine epidermal thickness, dermal thickness, the surface area of fat protrusions at the dermal subcutaneous junction, and the thickness and stiffness of the subcutaneous tissue (ultrasound elastography). RESULTS There was a correlation between cellulite severity and subcutaneous tissue thickness (r = 0.63), the surface area of fat protrusions at the dermal subcutaneous junction (r = 0.64), and the elastographic strain ratio (r = 0.51). An association was also demonstrated between thigh circumference and subcutaneous tissue thickness (r = 0.48). There was a significant difference in the assessed parameters between the subgroups identified by cellulite severity scores. CONCLUSIONS Ultrasound-determined surface area of fat protrusions at the dermal subcutaneous junction as well as the thickness and stiffness of the subcutaneous tissue seem useful in cellulite assessment. Thus, ultrasonography has the potential to become a common tool in aesthetic medicine and cosmetology.
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Di Guardo A, Solito C, Cantisani V, Rega F, Gargano L, Rossi G, Musolff N, Azzella G, Paolino G, Losco L, Rivieccio A, Campione E, Bianchi L, Nisticò SP, Pellacani G, Cantisani C. Clinical and Ultrasound Efficacy of Topical Hypertonic Cream (Jovita Osmocell ®) in the Treatment of Cellulite: A Prospective, Monocentric, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:781. [PMID: 38792964 PMCID: PMC11122878 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Cellulite, or edemato-fibro-sclerotic panniculopathy (EFP), is characterized by dermal and hypodermal changes leading to adipose tissue accumulation and compromised venous circulation. This study investigates the efficacy of a hypertonic cream containing concentrated sodium chloride (Jovita Osmocell®) in addressing water retention and structural alterations in adipose tissue, aiming to interrupt the cellulite formation process. Materials and Methods: A 12-week, prospective, monocentric, double-blind, placebo-controlled study enrolled 30 female subjects with grade II or III cellulite. Patients were randomized to receive hypertonic cream or a placebo. Thigh circumference, ultrasound evaluations, and standardized photographs were collected at baseline, intermediate, and endpoint visits. Adverse events were monitored. Results: After 84 days, the hypertonic cream group exhibited a significant reduction in thigh circumference compared to the placebo group (p = 0.0037). B-mode ultrasound examinations revealed significant changes in the parameters studied, such as the thickness of the subcutaneous tissue. No statistically significant changes were noticed in the placebo group. Volunteers reported the investigational product's pleasantness and good anti-cellulite activity, with no reported adverse events. Conclusions: The hypertonic cream demonstrated efficacy in reducing thigh circumference, addressing water retention and structural alterations in adipose tissue. The proposed mechanism involves osmosis, releasing accumulated fluids between fat cells, supporting drainage, and reducing inflammation. This study supports the efficacy and safety of hypertonic sodium chloride emulsions in cellulite treatment and confirms safety and user satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Di Guardo
- Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carmen Solito
- Department of Radiology, Oncology, Anatomo-Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vito Cantisani
- Department of Radiology, Oncology, Anatomo-Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Rega
- Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Gargano
- Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Rossi
- Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Noah Musolff
- Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Azzella
- Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Paolino
- Unit of Dermatology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Losco
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
| | - Antonia Rivieccio
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Campione
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Bianchi
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Steven Paul Nisticò
- Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pellacani
- Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carmen Cantisani
- Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Vergilio MM, Aiello LM, Furlan AS, Caritá AC, Azevedo JR, Bolzinger MA, Chevalier Y, Leonardi GR. In vivo evaluation of topical ascorbic acid application on skin aging by 50MHz ultrasound. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:4921-4926. [PMID: 35238148 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AA) is a powerful antioxidant capable of acting significantly both in the prevention and treatment of the skin aging process. One way to assess the in vivo efficacy of anti-aging treatments is by using the high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) skin image analysis technique, a non-invasive approach that allows for a new level of evaluating the effectiveness of dermatological and cosmetic products. The aim of the present study was to assess the performance of a topical emulsion of liquid crystalline structures containing AA using the 50 MHz HFUS skin image analysis method. Twenty-five healthy female participants between 35 and 60 years old were included, all of whom randomly applied a placebo formulation and an AA-containing formulation to each forearm, once a day, for 30 days. HFUS measurements were performed before using the products (T0), two hours later (T2h), and after 30 days of use (T30d). The analyzed parameters included total skin, dermal, and epidermal echogenicity; variation and mean thickness of total skin, the epidermis and dermis; and surface roughness. Statistical analyses were performed using the Friedman test, followed by Dunn's test for comparisons of multiple means (α=0.05). A significant increase in total skin and dermal echogenicity was observed after topical AA application. Our findings suggest that collagen synthesis significantly increased after topical therapy with AA, which was responsible for the increment in dermal echogenicity. This study showed, through the HFUS technique, that the topical use of AA promoted dermal redensification after 30 days of application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Moretti Aiello
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
| | - Andreza Sonego Furlan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
| | - Amanda Costa Caritá
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.,University of Lyon, Laboratoire d'Automatique, de Génie des Procédés et Génie Pharmaceutique (LAGEPP), CNRS, UMR 5007, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 bd 11 Novembre, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jaqueline Rezende Azevedo
- University of Lyon, Laboratoire d'Automatique, de Génie des Procédés et Génie Pharmaceutique (LAGEPP), CNRS, UMR 5007, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 bd 11 Novembre, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Marie-Alexandrine Bolzinger
- University of Lyon, Laboratoire d'Automatique, de Génie des Procédés et Génie Pharmaceutique (LAGEPP), CNRS, UMR 5007, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 bd 11 Novembre, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yves Chevalier
- University of Lyon, Laboratoire d'Automatique, de Génie des Procédés et Génie Pharmaceutique (LAGEPP), CNRS, UMR 5007, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 bd 11 Novembre, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Gislaine Ricci Leonardi
- Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil.,Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
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Tomaszewicz V, Bach AM, Tafil-Klawe M, Klawe JJ. Non-invasive evaluation techniques to efficacy of anti-cellulite treatment: the high frequency (HF) ultrasound as a useful imaging technique of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. J COSMET LASER THER 2021; 23:72-80. [PMID: 34376107 DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2021.1964537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cellulite is defined as lipodystrophy of the subcutaneous adipose tissue, is a serious problem for about 90% of women. The fight against the symptoms is a challenge for cosmetology and esthetic medicine. The most promising method of skin and subcutaneous tissue imaging appears to be the ultrasound method. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of classic and high frequency ultrasonography in monitoring the anti-cellulite treatment. The study involved 144 women at mean age of 40.01 (± 11.90) years. The women were divided into groups: due to age and due to the degree of cellulite. The study was divided into two stages: "before" treatment (stage I) and "after" treatment (stage II), to which patients reported after a monthly anti-cellulite specifics application. In the initial phase, inspection and palpation tests have been executed to determine the severity of cellulite.The Nümberger-Müller cellulite severity assessment scale has been used. All women had a thigh circumference measured at its widest point. Epidermal tests have been performed in all women in order to eliminate allergy to preparation components. Based on the study, it was observed that there was a significant reduction in the thickness of the subcutaneous tissue as a result of therapy. The reduction of thickness of the dermis after treatment may indicate improvement in microcirculation which leads to elimination of edemas. A reduction of thigh circumference, which is one of the main indicative parameters of the therapy effectiveness, has been obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violetta Tomaszewicz
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Anna Maria Bach
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Tafil-Klawe
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jacek J Klawe
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Sadowski T, Bielfeldt S, Wilhelm KP, Sukopp S, Gordon C. Objective and subjective reduction of cellulite volume using a localized vibrational massage device in a 24-week randomized intra-individual single-blind regression study. Int J Cosmet Sci 2021; 42:277-288. [PMID: 32181499 PMCID: PMC7317706 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cellulite occurs in females and is a common condition of altered connective tissue matrix and increased adipogenicity with visible dimples and orange‐peel appearance on the skins surface. Whilst advancements in methods continue to help our understanding, attempts to correct the appearance of cellulite topically have yielded limited success. Various kinds of non‐invasive body contouring methods such as whole body vibration have been reported with demonstrable visible improvements in the cellulite condition. The aim of this study was to evaluate volume reduction and improvement of the visible appearance of cellulite as judged both objectively (AEVA‐HE phase‐shift 3‐D fringe projection, macrophotography image grading) and subjectively (questionnaires) after application of a hand‐held localized vibrational device over 24‐weeks. The study was conducted on 40 healthy female volunteers who were instructed how to use the device on defined areas of cellulite of the outside and rear of the thighs (iliotibial band, and over biceps femoris region respectively). The initial 12 weeks of continuous massage application of the study were followed by a 12 week phase in which volunteers were split into 2 subgroups – one for assessment of regression effects and one for continuous application effects. AEVA (skin surface volume) measurements of cellulite‐related dimples correlated with questionnaires and visual image evaluation scoring, in that in the iliotibial region cellulite was significantly reduced at 12 weeks. In the regression subgroup cellulite returned to initial values soon after cessation of treatment, whereas in the continuous application subgroup, cellulite remained diminished. The effect of this device to reduce cellulite as observed in this study proves that continuous use of vibrational massage is beneficial to mitigate visible signs of cellulite.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sadowski
- proDERM Institute of Applied Dermatological Research GmbH, 22869, Schenefeld-Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Bielfeldt
- proDERM Institute of Applied Dermatological Research GmbH, 22869, Schenefeld-Hamburg, Germany
| | - K-P Wilhelm
- proDERM Institute of Applied Dermatological Research GmbH, 22869, Schenefeld-Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Sukopp
- Beurer GmbH, 89077, Ulm-Donau, Germany
| | - C Gordon
- CIT Research Institute, Ahornstr. 31, 70597, Stuttgart, Germany
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6
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Abstract
Cellulite is characterized by dimpled contour alterations of the skin and is present in approximately 85% to 90% of postpubertal females. Although the pathophysiology of cellulite remains to be fully elucidated, experimental evidence indicates a multifactorial process involving the number and types of fibrous septae, microvascular dysfunction, subcutaneous inflammation, decreased dermal thickness with age, and fat deposition. Cellulite is a major cosmetic concern for many women, and a number of both noninvasive (eg, massage, cosmeceuticals, laser therapy) and minimally invasive techniques (eg, subcision, collagenase injection) have been evaluated to improve the appearance of the affected skin. However, evidence for many of these treatments is limited, largely due to the lack of a validated, convenient tool for the standardized evaluation of cellulite severity. Various imaging modalities have been employed to characterize cellulite severity and the impact of treatment, but only 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional digital photography have been adequately validated. However, in many cases, imaging findings do not correlate with subjective measures of cellulite severity. A number of cellulite rating scales have been developed; some provide only a qualitative measure, whereas others do not fully capture all clinically relevant aspects of cellulite, including the perspective of the patient. There remains an unmet need for global adoption of a validated scale that can be utilized easily by clinicians and patients in clinical and research settings. We propose features that should be included in an ideal rating scale for assessment of cellulite severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Leroy Young
- Corresponding Author: Dr V. Leroy Young, Mercy Research, 901 Patients First Drive, Washington, MO 63090, USA. E-mail:
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Vergilio MM, Monteiro E Silva SA, Jales RM, Leonardi GR. High-frequency ultrasound as a scientific tool for skin imaging analysis. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:897-910. [PMID: 33905589 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasonic imaging is one of the most important diagnostic tools in clinical medicine due to its cost, availability and good correlation with pathological results. High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) is a technique used in skin science that has been little explored, especially in comparison with other sites and imaging techniques. HFUS shows real-time images of the skin layers, appendages and skin lesions in vivo and can significantly contribute to advances in skin science. This review summarizes the potential applications of HFUS in dermatology and cosmetology, with a focus on quantitative tools that can be used to assess various skin conditions. Our findings showed that HFUS imaging is a reproducible and powerful tool for the diagnosis, clinical management and therapy monitoring of skin conditions. It is also a helpful tool for assessing the performance of dermatological products. This technique may eventually become essential for evaluating the performance of dermatological and cosmetic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Massufero Vergilio
- Graduate Program in Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences - University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Silas Arandas Monteiro E Silva
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences - University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Menezes Jales
- Radiology Service of the Women´s Hospital "Prof. Dr. José Aristodemo Pinotti", Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of School of Medical Sciences of Campinas State University (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Ricci Leonardi
- Graduate Program in Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences - University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences - University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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8
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Vergilio MM, Vasques LI, Leonardi GR. Characterization of skin aging through high-frequency ultrasound imaging as a technique for evaluating the effectiveness of anti-aging products and procedures: A review. Skin Res Technol 2021; 27:966-973. [PMID: 33788312 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-frequency ultrasound skin imaging analysis (HFUS) is a non-invasive technique that allows a unique approach to the analysis of skin aging, as well as in evaluating the effectiveness of dermatological and cosmetic products, especially for skin rejuvenation. OBJECTIVE To describe the impact of skin aging and different anti-aging strategies from the perspective of high-frequency ultrasound. METHODS A bibliographic survey was carried out, selecting relevant articles that evaluated the characterization of the skin features from different points of view such as gender (male and female), age (young skin and mature skin), and ethnicity, in addition to individual variations between body regions and daily variations. RESULTS Some studies also evaluated the impact of cosmetic treatments and esthetic procedures in the skin. Parameters such as dermal thickness, echogenicity, skin texture, and subepidermal low-echogenic band (SLEB) were analyzed. It can be concluded that there is a trend, although not unanimous in the consequences of aging on the skin, being different between men and women, plus the individual nuances resulted from each one's lifestyle and exposure to the sun. CONCLUSION As for the technique, it is concluded that high-frequency ultrasound is an important evaluative alternative for dermatological studies and the effectiveness of anti-aging products and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Massufero Vergilio
- Graduate Program in Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Louise Idalgo Vasques
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Ricci Leonardi
- Graduate Program in Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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9
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Dopytalska K, Sobolewski P, Mikucka-Wituszyńska A, Gnatowski M, Szymańska E, Walecka I. Noninvasive skin imaging in esthetic medicine-Why do we need useful tools for evaluation of the esthetic procedures. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:746-754. [PMID: 32910527 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the constant development of aesthetic medicine, there is still a lack of objective methods to assess the effectiveness of antiaging treatments and their impact on the skin. Histopathological examination of the skin section provides most of the key information about the condition of the skin, but it is an invasive procedure that requires a skin biopsy, which may be associated with the formation of a scar that is considered to be an aesthetic defect. Non-invasive imaging methods of the skin like dermoscopy, skin ultrasonography and reflectance confocal microscopy may be a useful solution. AIMS AND METHODS In this systematic review, we present the possible application of noninvasive skin imaging methods in esthetic medicine. The literature search was conducted via medical database (PubMed, Google Scholar). RESULTS The research suggests the use of dermoscopy during laser therapy, for the targeted treatment of vascular lesions and appropriate adjustment of laser parameters. Skin ultrasonography, especially high-frequency ultrasonography, has been widely used in aesthetic medicine-during and after volumetric treatments and in the assessment of the effects of anti-cellulite therapies, treatments that correct discolorations and improve skin quality. Publications also highlight the importance of reflexive confocal microscopy in the evaluation of the results of anti-aging treatments using the fractional laser, moisturizing preparations or micro puncturing combined with hyaluronic acid injections. CONCLUSION Non-invasive skin imaging methods are useful tools for pre- and postoperative assessment in aesthetic medicine and their wide application may help to objectively assess the impact of anti-aging procedures on the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Dopytalska
- Dermatology Department of Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Sobolewski
- Dermatology Department of Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Elżbieta Szymańska
- Dermatology Department of Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Irena Walecka
- Dermatology Department of Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
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Carvalho CP, Costa‐Júnior JFS, Ferreira da Silva FF, D`Agostinho JG, Krüger MAV, Pereira WCDA. Using high‐resolution ultrasound imaging to characterize dermal striae in human skin. Skin Res Technol 2020; 26:465-475. [DOI: 10.1111/srt.12832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Pinto Carvalho
- Biomedical Engineering Program COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - José Francisco Silva Costa‐Júnior
- Biomedical Engineering Program COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Brazilian Air Force Academy Pirassununga Brazil
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11
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Pilch W, Nastałek M, Piotrowska A, Czerwińska-Ledwig O, Zuziak R, Maciorowska A, Golec J. The effects of a 4-week vibrotherapy programme on the reduction of adipose tissue in young women with cellulite - a pilot study. REHABILITACJA MEDYCZNA 2019. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Lipodystrophy is a common problem for modern women. So far, no fully effective therapeutic methods have been developed to eliminate this type of change. Vibration massage is a method that has not yet been studied in the prevention and elimination of lipodystrophy symptoms. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of vibrotherapy on the reduction in lipodystrophic changes. Material and method: 10 volunteers with cellulite changes at the age of 21-23 with physical activity levels described by the international IPAQ questionnaire participated in the study. All women included in the study were evaluated on the basis of 5-day nutrition analysis. Before and after 4 weeks of vibrotherapy, waist, hip and thigh circumferences were measured, and body composition was assessed using bioimpedance and dermatoscope photos were taken. Oscillating cycloidal vibration was generated by the Vitberg+ Rehabilitation Device (Nowy Sącz). Results: After the 4-week series of vibrations, the following average reduction in thigh circumference was observed (Δ1.55 cm, p = 0.002 for right thigh, Δ1.50 cm, p = 0.000 for left), hips (Δ1.25 cm, p = 0.006) and waist (Δ2.30 cm, p = 0.002). The proposed treatment series caused a reduction in body fat mass (Δ0.42 kg, p = 0.009) without affecting the body’s water content, and the analysis of dermatoscopic imaging results revealed improvement in skin perfusion. Conclusion: Oscillating-cycloidal vibration therapy can be an effective tool to alleviate lipodystrophic changes
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Pilch
- Zakład Biochemii i Podstaw Kosmetologii, AWF w Krakowie / Department of Biochemistry and Basics of Cosmetology, Faculty of Cosmetology, University of Physical Education, Cracow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Nastałek
- Zakład Kosmetologii Profesjonalnej, AWF w Krakowie / Department of Professional Cosmetology, University of Physical Education, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Piotrowska
- Zakład Biochemii i Podstaw Kosmetologii, AWF w Krakowie / Department of Biochemistry and Basics of Cosmetology, Faculty of Cosmetology, University of Physical Education, Cracow, Poland
| | - Olga Czerwińska-Ledwig
- Zakład Biochemii i Podstaw Kosmetologii, AWF w Krakowie / Department of Biochemistry and Basics of Cosmetology, Faculty of Cosmetology, University of Physical Education, Cracow, Poland
| | - Roxana Zuziak
- Zakład Biochemii i Podstaw Kosmetologii, AWF w Krakowie / Department of Biochemistry and Basics of Cosmetology, Faculty of Cosmetology, University of Physical Education, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Maciorowska
- Koło Naukowe przy Zakładzie Biochemii i Podstaw Kosmetologii, AWF w Krakowie / Science Club by Department of Biochemistry and Basics of Cosmetology, University of Physical Education in Cracow, Poland
| | - Joanna Golec
- Katedra Rehabilitacji Klinicznej, AWF w Krakowie / Department of Clinical Rehabilitation, University of Physical Education in Krakow, Poland
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12
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Arkan EF, Degertekin FL. Analysis and Design of High-Frequency 1-D CMUT Imaging Arrays in Noncollapsed Mode. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2019; 66:382-393. [PMID: 30571620 PMCID: PMC6415772 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2018.2887043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
High-frequency ultrasound imaging arrays are important for a broad range of applications, from small animal imaging to photoacoustics. Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) arrays are particularly attractive for these applications as low noise receiver electronics can be integrated for an overall improved performance. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of high-frequency CMUT arrays based on an experimentally verified CMUT array simulation tool. The results obtained on an example, a 40-MHz 1-D CMUT array for intravascular imaging, are used to obtain key design insights and tradeoffs for receive only and pulse-echo imaging. For the receiver side, thermal mechanical current noise, plane wave pressure sensitivity, and pressure noise spectrum are extracted from simulations. Using these parameters, we find that the receiver performance of CMUT arrays can be close to an ideal piston, independent of gap thickness, and applied dc bias, when coupled to low noise electronics with arrays utilizing smaller membranes performing better. For pulse-echo imaging, thermal mechanical current noise limited signal-to-noise ratio is observed to be dependent on the maximum available voltage and gap thickness. In terms of bandwidth, we find that the Bragg resonance of the array, related to the fill factor, is a significant determinant of the high frequency limit and the fluid loaded single membrane resonance determines the lower limit. Based on these results, we present design guidelines requiring only fluid loaded single membrane simulations and membrane pitch to achieve a desired pulse-echo response. We also provide a design example and discuss limitations of the approach.
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Canela VC, Crivelaro CN, Ferla LZ, Pelozo GM, Azevedo J, Liebano RE, Nogueira C, Guidi RM, Grecco C, Sant’Ana E. Synergistic effects of Combined Therapy: nonfocused ultrasound plus Aussie current for noninvasive body contouring. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2018; 11:203-212. [PMID: 29731654 PMCID: PMC5927144 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s157782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Nowadays, there are several noninvasive technologies being used for improving of body contouring. The objectives of this pilot study were to verify the effectiveness of the Heccus® device, emphasizing the synergism between nonfocused ultrasound plus Aussie current in the improvement of body contour, and to determine if the association of this therapy with whole-body vibration exercises can have additional positive effects in the results of the treatments. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Twenty healthy women aged 20-40 years participated in the study. Ten patients received Combined Therapy treatment (G1) and the other 10 participants received Combined Therapy with additional vibratory platform treatment (G2). Anthropometric and standardized photography analysis, ultrasonography, cutometry and self-adminestered questionnaires of tolerance and satisfaction levels with the treatment were used. RESULTS Compared with baseline values, reduction of fat thickness was observed by ultrasonography in the posterior thigh area in the G1 group (P<0.05) and in the buttocks (P<0.05) and the posterior thigh areas (P<0.05) in the G2. All the treated areas in both groups showed reduction in cellulite degree in the buttocks, G1 (P<0.05) and G2 (P<0.05), and in posterior thigh areas, G1 (P<0.05) and G2 (P<0.05). Optimal improvement of skin firmness (G1, P<0.0001; G2, P=0.0034) in the treated areas was observed in both groups. CONCLUSION We conclude that the synergistic effects of the Combined Therapy (nonfocused ultrasound plus Aussie current) might be a good option with noninvasive body contouring treatment for improving the aspect of the cellulite, skin firmness and localized fat. If used in association with the whole-body vibratory platform, the results can be better, especially in the treatment of localized fat. Further studies with larger sample size should be performed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Juliana Azevedo
- CDE Medical Imaging Department, Brazilian College of Radiology (CBR), Amparo, SP, Brazil
| | - Richard Eloin Liebano
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Caroline Nogueira
- Research, Development and Innovation Department, Ibramed Research Group (IRG), IBRAMED, Amparo, SP, Brazil
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata Michelini Guidi
- Research, Development and Innovation Department, Ibramed Research Group (IRG), IBRAMED, Amparo, SP, Brazil
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Clóvis Grecco
- Research, Development and Innovation Department, Ibramed Research Group (IRG), IBRAMED, Amparo, SP, Brazil
| | - Estela Sant’Ana
- Research, Development and Innovation Department, Ibramed Research Group (IRG), IBRAMED, Amparo, SP, Brazil
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Safran T, Gorsky K, Viezel-Mathieu A, Kanevsky J, Gilardino MS. The role of ultrasound technology in plastic surgery. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2018; 71:416-424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2017.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Current applications of high-frequency ultrasonography in dermatology. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2017; 34:535-542. [PMID: 29422817 PMCID: PMC5799756 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2017.72457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The era of ultrasounds in dermatology started in 1979, when pioneering use of 15 MHz by Alexander and Miller in measuring the skin thickness was introduced. Since then, some new applications of high-frequency ultrasonography (HF-USG) have emerged providing the clinicians with an extra hand in their everyday practice. The main advantages of HF-USG include the possibility of real-time imaging, measurements of morphological and physiological aspects of the skin, safety associated with the use of non-ionizing media as well as the lack of contraindications to its performance. Currently the main clinical use of HF-USG in dermatology regards preoperative assessment of the depth of invasion in melanomas and basal cell carcinomas. The ultrasound image analysis allows noninvasive follow-up of inflammatory skin diseases, like atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and may be used for monitoring effectiveness of therapy in skin lymphomas and sclerotic skin diseases.
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Sylwia M, Krzysztof MR. Efficacy of intradermal mesotherapy in cellulite reduction - Conventional and high-frequency ultrasound monitoring results. J COSMET LASER THER 2017; 19:320-324. [PMID: 28590783 DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2017.1334927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellulite affects the majority of women and is an unacceptable cosmetic defect. Therefore, effective methods for cellulite reduction are being sought. Intradermal mesotherapy is one of such methods. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of intradermal mesotherapy in cellulite reduction, using conventional and high-frequency ultrasound. METHODS Twenty-one women with cellulite underwent a series of intradermal mesotherapy procedures. The following parameters were assessed: thickness of epidermis, dermis and hypodermis, echogenicity of dermis and the surface area of serrated hypodermis-dermis junction. Furthermore, the thigh circumference was measured; body mass index and cellulite severity were assessed based on photographs using Nürnberger-Müller's scale. RESULTS Intradermal mesotherapy reduced severity of cellulite. The surface area of serrated hypodermis-dermis junction and hypodermis thickness decreased significantly as compared to baseline. Cellulite reduction was also confirmed by palpation, decreased thigh circumference and the Nürnberger-Müller's grade. There were no statistically significant changes in epidermis or dermis thickness, body weight and the BMI. CONCLUSION Intradermal mesotherapy offers effective cellulite reduction. It is a simple and safe treatment, which makes it popular. Further research in mesotherapy is essential due to a limited number of published studies. Ultrasound is a useful method to monitor intradermal mesotherapy and assess its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malinowska Sylwia
- a Private Higher School of Social Sciences , Computer Science and Medical, Life - Beauty, Private Company , Grodzisk Mazowiecki , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Mlosek Robert Krzysztof
- b Department of Diagnostic Imaging of the II Medical Faculty of the Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
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Schunck M, Zague V, Oesser S, Proksch E. Dietary Supplementation with Specific Collagen Peptides Has a Body Mass Index-Dependent Beneficial Effect on Cellulite Morphology. J Med Food 2015; 18:1340-8. [PMID: 26561784 PMCID: PMC4685482 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study, we investigated the efficacy of specific bioactive collagen peptides (BCP) on the cellulite treatment of normal and overweight women. In total, 105 women aged 24-50 years with moderate cellulite were randomized to orally receive a daily dosage of 2.5 g BCP or a placebo over 6 months. The degree of cellulite was evaluated before starting the treatment and after 3 and 6 months of intake. In addition, skin waviness, dermal density, and the length of subcutaneous borderline were assessed. BCP treatment led to a statistically significant decrease in the degree of cellulite and a reduced skin waviness on thighs (P < 0.05) in normal weight women. Moreover, dermal density was significantly improved (P < 0.05) compared to placebo. The subcutaneous borderline showed a significant shortening after BCP intake compared to the beginning of the study, indicating cellulite improvement, but the data failed to reach statistical significance compared to placebo. The efficacy of BCP treatment was also confirmed in overweight women, although the impact was less pronounced in comparison with women of normal body weight. The results of the study demonstrated that a regular ingestion of BCP over a period of 6 months led to a clear improvement of the skin appearance in women suffering from moderate cellulite. Based on the current data, it can be concluded that a long-term therapy with orally administered BCP leads to an improvement of cellulite and has a positive impact on skin health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivian Zague
- 2 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo , São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ehrhardt Proksch
- 3 Department of Dermatology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel , Kiel, Germany
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellulite is a multifactorial condition that is present in 80-90 % of post-pubertal women. Despite its high prevalence, it remains a major cosmetic concern for women. A wide range of products and treatments for cellulite reduction is available; however, no systematic review has been performed so far to evaluate the efficacy of the available treatment options for cellulite. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to provide a systematic evaluation of the scientific evidence of the efficacy of treatments for cellulite reduction. METHODS This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Only original articles in English or German reporting data on the efficacy of cellulite treatments from in vivo human studies were considered. In total, 67 articles were analyzed for the following information: therapy, presence of a control group, randomization, blinding, sample size, description of statistical methods, results, and level of evidence. RESULTS Most of the evaluated studies, including laser- and light-based modalities, radiofrequency, and others had important methodological flaws; some did not use cellulite severity as an endpoint or did not provide sufficient statistical analyses. Of the 67 studies analyzed in this review, only 19 were placebo-controlled studies with randomization. Some evidence for potential benefit was only seen for acoustic wave therapy (AWT) and the 1440 nm Nd:YAG minimally invasive laser. CONCLUSION This article provides a systematic evaluation of the scientific evidence of the efficacy of treatment for cellulite reduction. No clear evidence of good efficacy could be identified in any of the evaluated cellulite treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nils Krueger
- Rosenpark Research, Wilhelminenstraße 13, 64283, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Neil S Sadick
- Sadick Dermatology, 911 Park Avenue, New York, NY, USA
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Soares JLM, Miot HA, Sanudo A, Bagatin E. Cellulite: poor correlation between instrumental methods and photograph evaluation for severity classification. Int J Cosmet Sci 2014; 37:134-40. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. L. M. Soares
- Department of Dermatology; Federal University of Sao Paulo; UNIFESP; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - H. A. Miot
- Discipline of Dermatology; Sao Paulo State University; UNESP; Botucatu Brazil
| | - A. Sanudo
- Department of Preventive Medicine; Federal University of Sao Paulo; UNIFESP; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - E. Bagatin
- Department of Dermatology; Federal University of Sao Paulo; UNIFESP; Sao Paulo Brazil
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Savikin K, Menković N, Zdunić G, Pljevljakušić D, Spasić S, Kardum N, Konić-Ristić A. Dietary supplementation with polyphenol-rich chokeberry juice improves skin morphology in cellulite. J Med Food 2014; 17:582-7. [PMID: 24433076 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to investigate possible beneficial effects of organic chokeberry juice (OCJ) consumption in the treatment of cellulite. Twenty-nine women aged 25-48 with a cellulite grade 2 according to the Nurnberger-Muller scale were included. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured. Skin structure was analyzed by ultrasonography. All subjects consumed 100 mL of OCJ per day, during 90 days. Measurements of investigated parameters were performed at 0, 45, and 90 days of the study. A marked reduction in the subcutaneous tissue thickness was observed in all subjects, with the average reduction of 1.9 mm. The length of subcutaneous tissue fascicles (ScTFL) was reduced in 97% (28 out of 29) of subjects, with the average value of 1.18 mm. After 45 days of chokeberry juice consumption, reduction of edema was observed in 55.2% of the subjects with edema at the baseline, while at the endpoint of the study, edemas were not observed in any of the subjects involved in the study. OCJ could have beneficial effects on the cellulite condition, including the length of ScTFL, subcutaneous tissue, and dermis thickness as well as on edema reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Savikin
- 1 "Dr. Josif Pančić" Institute for Medicinal Plant Research , Belgrade, Serbia
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Yang P, Xing G, He L. Calibration of high-frequency hydrophone up to 40 MHz by heterodyne interferometer. ULTRASONICS 2014; 54:402-407. [PMID: 23932658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2013.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2013] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A calibration technique for high-frequency hydrophone utilizing a heterodyne interferometer is presented in this article. The calibration system is mainly composed of optical and signal processing modules. In the displacement measurement, a pellicle is mounted at the surface of water to avoid acousto-optical interaction. The phase modulated carrier signal is digitized and transferred to the computer, then processed by digital phase demodulation. A phase unwrapping algorithm is employed to remove ambiguity of the arctangent function and has proven effective in large displacement measurements. Pellicle displacement and voltage output of the hydrophone in focused ultrasonic field are processed by DFT to determine the amplitudes of the fundamental and harmonic components. Experiments show that the heterodyne technique can provide hydrophone calibration up to 40 MHz, with a slightly smaller sensitivity compared with the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) calibration results for most frequency ranges. Since the heterodyne technique is independent on assumptions about the geometry of the ultrasonic field and the performance of the transducer, it can be easily extended to high frequency and high power ultrasound measurement applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Division of Mechanics and Acoustics, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100013, China.
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Yoo MA, Seo YK, Ryu JH, Back JH, Koh JS. A validation study to find highly correlated parameters with visual assessment for clinical evaluation of cosmetic anti-cellulite products. Skin Res Technol 2013; 20:200-7. [PMID: 24010809 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE There has been growing interest in cellulite on parts of the body; however, no objective assessment has been specifically established. This study aims to demonstrate an optimized method by comparing the existing assessments of cellulite. METHODS In Test 1, for subjects of 20 healthy females who have cellulite, we measured volume and roughness of cellulite using fringe projection method, roughness using replica method, dermo-subcutaneous interface length and subcutaneous thickness using ultrasonography and skin temperature using infrared ray, elasticity and blood flow. In Test 2, we applied an anti-cellulite cosmetic to 28 subjects for 6 weeks and observed if they have any changes. RESULTS In Test 1, the effective parameter that is the most correlated with visual assessment was volume of skin measured using fringe projection method (r = 0.780). Dermo-subcutaneous interface length (r = 0.355) and subcutaneous thickness (r = 0.502) measured using ultrasonography followed in order. In Test 2, after applying a tested product, the correlation coefficient of volume of skin, of dermo-subcutaneous interface length and of subcutaneous thickness are 0.409 (P = 0.000), 0.275 (P = 0.016) and 0.311 (P = 0.012) respectively. CONCLUSION We conclude that visual assessment, volume of skin (cavities), dermo-subcutaneous interface length and subcutaneous thickness are optimized methods for assessing an effect of cosmetics on cellulite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ae Yoo
- Dermapro/Skin Research Center, Seoul, Korea
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Bagatin E, Miot HA, Soares JLM, Sanudo A, Afonso JPJM, de Barros Junior N, Talarico S. Long-wave infrared radiation reflected by compression stockings in the treatment of cellulite: a clinical double-blind, randomized and controlled study. Int J Cosmet Sci 2013; 35:502-9. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Bagatin
- Department of Dermatology; Federal University of São Paulo; R Borges Lagoa, 508; Sao Paulo; 04038-001; SP; Brazil
| | - H. A. Miot
- Dermatology Course; Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu; School of Medicine of Botucatu; Universidade do Estado de São Paulo - UNESP; State University of São Paulo; Campus Universitário de Rubião Jr; Botucatu; 18618-970; SP; Brazil
| | - J. L. M. Soares
- Department of Dermatology; Federal University of São Paulo; R Borges Lagoa, 508; Sao Paulo; 04038-001; SP; Brazil
| | - A. Sanudo
- Department of Dermatology; Federal University of São Paulo; R Borges Lagoa, 508; Sao Paulo; 04038-001; SP; Brazil
| | - J. P. J. M. Afonso
- Department of Dermatology; Federal University of São Paulo; R Borges Lagoa, 508; Sao Paulo; 04038-001; SP; Brazil
| | - N. de Barros Junior
- Department of Surgery; Course of Vascular Surgery; UNIFESP; R Napoleao de Barros, 715; Sao Paulo; 04024002; SP; Brazil
| | - S. Talarico
- Department of Dermatology; Federal University of São Paulo; R Borges Lagoa, 508; Sao Paulo; 04038-001; SP; Brazil
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Turati F, Pelucchi C, Marzatico F, Ferraroni M, Decarli A, Gallus S, La Vecchia C, Galeone C. Efficacy of cosmetic products in cellulite reduction: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013; 28:1-15. [PMID: 23763635 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of original articles investigating the efficacy of cosmetic products in cellulite reduction increased rapidly in the last decade; however, to our knowledge, no systematic review and meta-analysis has been performed so far. OBJECTIVE We conducted a systematic review of in vivo studies on humans adopting the PRISMA guidelines. Moreover, we used a meta-analytic approach to estimate the overall effect of cosmetic creams in cellulite treatment from controlled trials with more than 10 patients per arm, using thigh circumference reduction as the outcome measure. METHODS Medline and Embase were searched up to August 2012 to identify eligible studies. RESULTS Twenty-one original studies were included in the present systematic review. All studies were clinical trials, most of them recruited women only and 67% had an intra-patient study design. About half of the active cosmetic creams tested only contained one active ingredient among xanthenes, herbals or retinoids. The other studies tested cosmetic creams with more complex formulations and most of them included xanthenes. A total of seven controlled trials satisfied the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. The pooled mean difference of thigh circumference reduction between the treated and the controlled group was -0.46 cm (95% confidence intervals, CI: -0.85, -0.08), with significant heterogeneity between studies (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION This article provides a systematic evaluation of the scientific evidence of the efficacy of cosmetic products in cellulite reduction and supports a moderate efficacy in thigh circumference reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Turati
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
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Elhai M, Marchiol C, Renault G, Ruiz B, Fréchet M, Chiocchia G, Allanore Y. Performance of skin ultrasound to measure skin involvement in different animal models of systemic sclerosis. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2013; 39:845-852. [PMID: 23465138 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Animal models are widely used in systemic sclerosis (SSc) research. We set out to determine whether ultrasonography (US) could be used to assess skin fibrosis in two complementary SSc-models: the bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis model and the tight-skin 1 mouse model. Back skin thickness was measured using a high-frequency ultrasound dedicated to the small animal. There was no significant difference in dermal thickness measured by US between mice injected with bleomycin and those treated with NaCl. These results were inconsistent with histological analyses. Mean US hypodermal thickness was significantly higher in tight-skin 1 mice as compared with Pa/Pa control subgroup (p = 0.02). Histologic and US measures of dermal and hypodermal thicknesses in this model were well correlated (r = 0.79). The intra-observer concordance was 0.96 for hypodermal thickness. US is reliable and sensitive in detecting hypodermal thickening in the tight-skin 1 mouse model. Further larger studies are warranted to better determine the place of US in SSc-research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Elhai
- Paris Descartes University, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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The Removal of Post-sclerotherapy Pigmentation following Sclerotherapy Alone or in Combination with Crossectomy. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2012; 43:100-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mlosek RK, Woźniak W, Malinowska S, Lewandowski M, Nowicki A. The effectiveness of anticellulite treatment using tripolar radiofrequency monitored by classic and high-frequency ultrasound. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011; 26:696-703. [PMID: 21692869 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04148.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellulite affects nearly 85% of the female population. Given the size of the phenomenon, we are continuously looking for effective ways to reduce cellulite. Reliable monitoring of anticellulite treatment remains a problem. OBJECTIVE The main aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of anticellulite treatment carried out using radiofrequency (RF), which was monitored by classical and high-frequency ultrasound. METHODS Twenty-eight women underwent anticellulite treatment using RF, 17 women were in the placebo group. The therapy was monitored by classical and high-frequency ultrasound. The examinations evaluated the thickness of the epidermal echo, dermis thickness, dermis echogenicity, the length of the subcutaneous tissue bands growing into the dermis, the presence or absence of oedema, the thickness of subcutaneous tissue as well as thigh circumference and the stage of cellulite (according to the Nürnberger-Müller scale). RESULTS Cellulite was reduced in 89.286% of the women who underwent RF treatment. After the therapy, the following observations were made: a decrease in the thickness of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, an increase in echogenicity reflecting on the increase in the number of collagen fibres, decreased subcutaneous tissue growing into bands in the dermis, and the reduction of oedema. In the placebo group, no statistically significant changes of the above parameters were observed. CONCLUSION Radiofrequency enables cellulite reduction. A crucial aspect is proper monitoring of the progress of such therapy, which ultrasound allows.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Mlosek
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging of the II Medical Faculty, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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