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Tazawa K, Jadhav R, Azuma MM, Fenno JC, McDonald NJ, Sasaki H. Hypochlorous acid inactivates oral pathogens and a SARS-CoV-2-surrogate. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:111. [PMID: 36803460 PMCID: PMC9938691 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02820-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Droplets and aerosols produced during dental procedures are a risk factor for microbial and viral transmission. Unlike sodium hypochlorite, hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is nontoxic to tissues but still exhibits broad microbicidal effect. HOCl solution may be applicable as a supplement to water and/or mouthwash. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of HOCl solution on common human oral pathogens and a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate MHV A59 virus, considering the dental practice environment. METHODS HOCl was generated by electrolysis of 3% hydrochloric acid. The effect of HOCl on human oral pathogens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Streptococcus intermedius, Parvimonas micra, and MHV A59 virus was studied from four perspectives: concentration; volume; presence of saliva; and storage. HOCl solution in different conditions was utilized in bactericidal and virucidal assays, and the minimum inhibitory volume ratio that is required to completely inhibit the pathogens was determined. RESULTS In the absence of saliva, the minimum inhibitory volume ratio of freshly prepared HOCl solution (45-60 ppm) was 4:1 for bacterial suspensions and 6:1 for viral suspensions. The presence of saliva increased the minimum inhibitory volume ratio to 8:1 and 7:1 for bacteria and viruses, respectively. Applying a higher concentration of HOCl solution (220 or 330 ppm) did not lead to a significant decrease in the minimum inhibitory volume ratio against S. intermedius and P. micra. The minimum inhibitory volume ratio increases in applications of HOCl solution via the dental unit water line. One week of storage of HOCl solution degraded HOCl and increased the minimum growth inhibition volume ratio. CONCLUSIONS HOCl solution (45-60 ppm) is still effective against oral pathogens and SAR-CoV-2 surrogate viruses even in the presence of saliva and after passing through the dental unit water line. This study indicates that the HOCl solution can be used as therapeutic water or mouthwash and may ultimately reduce the risk of airborne infection in dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Tazawa
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA ,grid.265073.50000 0001 1014 9130Division of Oral Health Sciences, Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rutuja Jadhav
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Mariane Maffei Azuma
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - J. Christopher Fenno
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Neville J. McDonald
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Hajime Sasaki
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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van der Sluijs E, Slot DE, Hennequin-Hoenderdos NL, Valkenburg C, van der Weijden FGA. The efficacy of an oscillating-rotating power toothbrush compared to a high-frequency sonic power toothbrush on parameters of dental plaque and gingival inflammation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Dent Hyg 2023; 21:77-94. [PMID: 35535635 PMCID: PMC10084121 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM To establish the efficacy of oscillating-rotating power toothbrush (OR-PTB) compared to high-frequency sonic power toothbrush (HFS-PTB) on improving parameters of plaque and gingival inflammation. Safety and participants' preference were secondary interests. MATERIALS AND METHODS MEDLINE-PubMed and Cochrane-CENTRAL databases were searched, up to April 2021. Inclusion criteria were (randomized)controlled clinical trials that evaluated healthy humans brushing with an OR-PTB compared to a HFS-PTB. Evaluation for a minimum of 4 weeks, of one or more of the following parameters: plaque index scores (PI), bleeding scores (BS), number of bleeding sites (NoB) and gingival index scores (GI). RESULTS Thirty two publications involving 38 comparisons were included after the independent screening. The descriptive analysis showed that in 54% of the comparisons, a significant difference in favour of the OR-PTB was found for PI, BS and GI scores. The Quigley and Hein index showed a significant difference of means (DiffM) between the end scores (DiffM 0.13, 95% CI [0.05;0.21] p < 0.001), as well as for the Rustogi-modified Navy index (DiffM 0.01, 95% CI [0.01;0.03] p = 0.002). This is in line with the meta-analysis for BS (DiffM 0.09, 95% CI [0.03;0.14] p = 0.003), for which the results were in favour of the OR-PTB and considered potentially clinically relevant. NoB showed a significant difference in favour of the OR-PTB for the end scores (DiffM 3.61, 95% CI [2.63;4.58] p < 0.00001). No difference in safety was indicated, 78% of participants preferred the OR-PTB. CONCLUSION For patients to maintain good plaque control and improve gingival health, there is a small but significant difference based on longer-term studies between OR-PTB and HFS-PTB. This difference is potentially clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline van der Sluijs
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), a joint venture between the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Else Slot
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), a joint venture between the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke Lisette Hennequin-Hoenderdos
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), a joint venture between the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cees Valkenburg
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), a joint venture between the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fridus G A van der Weijden
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), a joint venture between the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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van der Weijden F, Slot DE, van der Sluijs E, Hennequin-Hoenderdos NL. The efficacy of a rubber bristles interdental cleaner on parameters of oral soft tissue health-a systematic review. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 20:26-39. [PMID: 33630360 PMCID: PMC9292806 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to establish the efficacy of a rubber bristles interdental cleaner (RBIC) as an adjunct to toothbrushing (TB) compared to that of the adjuvant use of other interdental cleaning devices and TB alone on plaque and gingivitis parameters. Additionally, the safety aspects and panellists’ appreciation were evaluated. Materials and Methods Databases were searched for randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating plaque (PI), bleeding (BS), and gingival index (GI) scores, safety assessments, and participants’ appreciation. Extracted data were summarized in a descriptive and, if possible, a meta‐analysis. Results The search retrieved 142 unique papers; six studies with 10 comparisons were included in a descriptive analysis. Five RCTs compared RBICs with interdental brushes (IDBs), four with dental floss (DF) and one with manual TB only. No comparisons to wood sticks were retrieved. Using an RBIC resulted in no difference in plaque scores compared to DF and IDBs. For overall bleeding scores, no difference was found. Two studies analysing the accessible sites separately found RBICs to be more favourable than DF and IDBs. Conversely, one study evaluating the efficacy of RBICs compared to IDBs, according to the GI scores, showed that IDBs achieved significantly greater reduction. Moreover, RBICs caused fewer gingival abrasions and were preferred by the study participants. Conclusion Based on a descriptive and a meta‐analysis of the available literature, it is synthesized that in gingivitis patients, a weak to very weak certainty exists that a RBIC is indicated for gingivitis and plaque reduction. The evidence supports user safety and participants’ preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fridus van der Weijden
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Else Slot
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eveline van der Sluijs
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke Lisette Hennequin-Hoenderdos
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Scienfitic Office, Meander Medical Centre, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
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van der Sluijs E, Slot DE, Hennequin‐Hoenderdos NL, Valkenburg C, van der Weijden F. Dental plaque score reduction with an oscillating-rotating power toothbrush and a high-frequency sonic power toothbrush: a systematic review and meta-analysis of single-brushing exercises. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 19:78-92. [PMID: 32940391 PMCID: PMC7839525 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To establish the effect of a single-brushing exercise on dental plaque removal using an oscillating-rotating power toothbrush (OR-PTB) as compared to a high-frequency sonic power toothbrush (HFS-PTB). MATERIALS AND METHODS The MEDLINE-PubMed and Cochrane-CENTRAL databases were searched up to September 2019. The inclusion criteria contained (randomized) controlled clinical trials involving healthy adult participants brushing with an OR-PTB as compared to an HFS-PTB. Plaque index (PI) scores were evaluated after a single-brushing exercise. RESULTS A total of 15 publications were included, representing 34 comparisons, of which 8 were professional brushing exercises and 26 participant brushing exercises. The potential risk of bias was estimated to be low. In the overall descriptive analysis of 34 comparisons, 19 comparisons showed a statistically significant difference in favour of the OR-PTB and 4 in favour of the HFS-PTB. The meta-analysis using the professional brushing study design showed a significant difference of means (DiffM) in favour of the OR-PTB (PI score) (DiffM 0.19; P < .0001) (95% CI [013; 0.25]). In those studies where the participants brushed themselves, the data were inconclusive. PI scores showed no difference between the two brushes (P = .15), while one plaque index (the Rustogi Modified Navy plaque index) indicated significant favour for the OR-PTB (DiffM 0.06; P = .002) (95% CI [0.02; 0.09]). CONCLUSION Based on the estimated evidence profile, there is moderate certainty of evidence of a very small but significant beneficial effect on plaque removal after a single-brushing exercise with the OR-PTB over the HFS-PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline van der Sluijs
- Department of PeriodontologyAcademic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)The Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and The Faculty of Dentistry of the Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Else Slot
- Department of PeriodontologyAcademic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)The Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and The Faculty of Dentistry of the Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Nienke L. Hennequin‐Hoenderdos
- Department of PeriodontologyAcademic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)The Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and The Faculty of Dentistry of the Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Cees Valkenburg
- Department of PeriodontologyAcademic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)The Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and The Faculty of Dentistry of the Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- General Dentist and Clinical EpidemiologistHoevelakenThe Netherlands
| | - Fridus van der Weijden
- Department of PeriodontologyAcademic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)The Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and The Faculty of Dentistry of the Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Chow EPF, Maddaford K, Trumpour S, Fairley CK. Translating mouthwash use for gonorrhoea prevention into a public health campaign: identifying current knowledge and research gaps. Sex Health 2020; 16:433-441. [PMID: 31099331 DOI: 10.1071/sh18237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The gonorrhoea rate among gay and bisexual men who have sex with men (MSM) has been increasing rapidly in many Western countries. Furthermore, gonorrhoea is becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics and only limited options remain for treatment. Recent evidence suggests that the oropharynx may play an important role in gonorrhoea transmission. It is hypothesised that reducing the prevalence of oropharyngeal gonorrhoea will also reduce the population incidence of gonorrhoea. Mouthwash has been proposed as a novel non-antibiotic intervention to prevent oropharyngeal gonorrhoea; hence, reducing the probability of antibiotic resistance developing. However, its efficacy is yet to be confirmed by a randomised controlled trial - the findings of which will be available in 2019. If the trial shows mouthwash is effective in preventing gonorrhoea, this finding could potentially be translated into a public health campaign to increase the mouthwash use in the MSM population. This article summarises the current evidence of the effectiveness of mouthwash against gonorrhoea and discusses the potential literature gaps before implementing the mouthwash intervention at a population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric P F Chow
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, 580 Swanston Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia; and Central Clinical School, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Vic. 3004, Australia; and Corresponding author.
| | - Kate Maddaford
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, 580 Swanston Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia
| | - Sabrina Trumpour
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, 580 Swanston Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia; and Central Clinical School, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Vic. 3004, Australia
| | - Christopher K Fairley
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, 580 Swanston Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia; and Central Clinical School, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Vic. 3004, Australia
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Hennequin-Hoenderdos NL, van der Sluijs E, van der Weijden GA, Slot DE. Efficacy of a rubber bristles interdental cleaner compared to an interdental brush on dental plaque, gingival bleeding and gingival abrasion: A randomized clinical trial. Int J Dent Hyg 2017; 16:380-388. [PMID: 28952192 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the efficacy of a rubber bristles interdental cleaner (RBIC) compared to an interdental brush (IDB) in reducing gingivitis and additionally to evaluate participants' attitudes and possible side effects. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was a 2-treatment, parallel, split-mouth, examiner-blind RCT, evaluating the reversal of experimental gingivitis. In total, 42 systemically healthy volunteers were recruited that were currently non-users of interdental cleaning devices. After familiarization and prophylaxis, participants refrained from brushing mandibular teeth for 21 days, followed by 4-week product use of the assigned interdental cleaning device as adjunct to manual toothbrushing. Bleeding on marginal probing (BOMP), dental plaque index score (PI) and gingival abrasion score (GAs) were assessed in the lower jaw. RESULTS Overall, no statistically significant differences between the RBIC and IDB in reducing BOMP and PI were obtained. Analysing the sites that were accessible for the RBIC/IDB only showed that the sites treated with the RBIC had significantly less BOMP after 4 weeks (P = .009). The RBIC also caused less GAs (P => .016) and was considered more pleasurable to use by the participants (P = .0001). CONCLUSIONS In accessible sites, the RBIC, in conjunction with manual toothbrushing, was found to be more effective in reducing gingival inflammation after 4 weeks. The RBIC caused less abrasion of the gingiva and was appreciated more by the participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L Hennequin-Hoenderdos
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E van der Sluijs
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G A van der Weijden
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D E Slot
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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7
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Van der Sluijs E, Slot DE, Hennequin-Hoenderdos NL, Van Leeuwen MPC, Van der Weijden GA. Prebrushing rinse with water on plaque removal: a split-mouth design. Int J Dent Hyg 2016; 15:345-351. [PMID: 27082845 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Van der Sluijs
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - DE Slot
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - NL Hennequin-Hoenderdos
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - MPC Van Leeuwen
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - GA Van der Weijden
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
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Van Leeuwen MPC, Rosema NAM, Versteeg PA, Slot DE, Hennequin-Hoenderdos NL, Van der Weijden GA. Effectiveness of various interventions on maintenance of gingival health during 1 year - a randomized clinical trial. Int J Dent Hyg 2016; 15:e16-e27. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- MPC Van Leeuwen
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - NAM Rosema
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - PA Versteeg
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - DE Slot
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - NL Hennequin-Hoenderdos
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - GA Van der Weijden
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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Van der Weijden FA, Van der Sluijs E, Ciancio SG, Slot DE. Can Chemical Mouthwash Agents Achieve Plaque/Gingivitis Control? Dent Clin North Am 2015; 59:799-829. [PMID: 26427569 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Also note that structured abstracts are not allowed per journal style: What is the effect of a mouthwash containing various active chemical ingredients on plaque control and managing gingivitis in adults based on evidence gathered from existing systematic reviews? The summarized evidence suggests that mouthwashes containing chlorhexidine(CHX) and essential oils (EO) had a large effect supported by a strong body of evidence. Also there was strong evidence for a moderate effect of cetylpyridinium chloride(CPC). Evidence suggests that a CHX mouthwash is the first choice, the most reliable alternative is EO. No difference between CHX and EO with respect to gingivitis was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fridus A Van der Weijden
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Eveline Van der Sluijs
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian G Ciancio
- Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Dagmar E Slot
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Dixon AC. Pediatric fractures - an educational needs assessment of Canadian pediatric emergency medicine residents. Open Access Emerg Med 2015; 7:25-9. [PMID: 27147887 PMCID: PMC4806804 DOI: 10.2147/oaem.s82393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To determine the gaps in knowledge of Canadian pediatric emergency medicine residents with regards to acute fracture identification and management. Due to their predominantly medical prior training, fractures may be an area of weakness requiring a specific curriculum to meet their needs. Methods A questionnaire was developed examining comfort level and performance on knowledge based questions of trainees in the following areas: interpreting musculoskeletal X-rays; independently managing pediatric fractures, physical examination techniques, applied knowledge of fracture management, and normal development of the bony anatomy. Using modified Dillman technique the instrument was distributed to pediatric emergency medicine residents at seven Canadian sites. Results Out of 43 potential respondents, 22 (51%) responded. Of respondents, mean comfort with X-ray interpretation was 69 (62–76 95% confidence interval [CI]) while mean comfort with fracture management was only 53 (45–63 95% CI); mean comfort with physical exam of shoulder 60 (53–68 95% CI) and knee 69 (62–76 95% CI) was low. Less than half of respondents (47%; 95% CI 26%–69%) could accurately identify normal wrist development, correctly manage a supracondylar fracture (39%; 95% CI 20%–61%), or identify a medial epicondyle fracture (44%; 95% CI 24%–66%). Comfort with neurovascular status of the upper (mean 82; 95% CI 75–89) and lower limb (mean 81; 95% CI 74–87) was high. Interpretation There are significant gaps in knowledge of physical exam techniques, fracture identification and management among pediatric emergency medicine trainees. A change in our current teaching methods is required to meet this need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Dixon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Sälzer S, Slot DE, Dörfer CE, Van der Weijden GA. Comparison of triclosan and stannous fluoride dentifrices on parameters of gingival inflammation and plaque scores:a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Dent Hyg 2014; 13:1-17. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Sälzer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; School for Dental Medicine; Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - DE Slot
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - CE Dörfer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; School for Dental Medicine; Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - GA Van der Weijden
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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