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Affiliation(s)
- D D'Souza
- Patna Women's College, Avila Convent, India
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Fuchs J, Ochsendorf F, Schöfer H, Milbradt R, Rübsamen-Waigmann H. Oxidative imbalance in HIV infected patients. Med Hypotheses 1991; 36:60-4. [PMID: 1766417 DOI: 10.1016/0306-9877(91)90164-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We present an outline of the complex interplay of oxidants and antioxidants in infectious diseases in general, and in particular with reference to the HIV infection, and subsequent opportunistic infections. Viral and opportunistic infections may directly or indirectly cause an imbalance in prooxidant/antioxidant mechanisms and result in generation of increased steady state concentrations of reactive oxidants. In HIV patients a prooxidant state could lead to a self-perpetuation of infection via stimulated expression of genes carrying the virus genome, and subsequently to immunosuppression, and promotion of initiated cells to neoplastic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fuchs
- Zentrum der Dermatologie und Venerologie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität, Frankfurt/M, Germany
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Chatterjee B, Ghosh PK. Constitutive heterochromatin polymorphism and chromosome damage in viral hepatitis. Mutat Res 1989; 210:49-57. [PMID: 2909870 DOI: 10.1016/0027-5107(89)90043-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The frequencies of chromosomal aberrations and sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) were scored in relation to constitutive heterochromatin in 100 patients with viral hepatitis B, 100 patients with viral hepatitis A and 100 age- and sex-matched normal controls. 23.4%, 15% and 4% of the cells showed chromosomal aberrations in patients with hepatitis B, hepatitis A and normal controls respectively. Non-random involvement of chromosomal aberrations were also noted in chromosome 1 of patients with hepatitis B and A as compared to normal controls. The frequencies of SCEs (mean +/- S.D.) were found to be 10.40 +/- 2.83 in hepatitis B and 8.70 +/- 2.34 in hepatitis A. These values were significantly higher than the SCE frequency (mean +/- S.D.) of 5.88 +/- 2.25 observed in normal controls (P less than 0.001). The intra-chromosomal distribution of SCEs revealed a relatively increased incidence of SCEs in chromosome 1 of patients with hepatitis B and A as compared to normal controls. Analysis of constitutive heterochromatin polymorphism showed chromosome 1 qh+ to be the most frequent variant in patients with hepatitis B and A as compared to normal controls. The increased involvement of C-band variant 1 qh+ in patients with hepatitis B and A as compared to normal controls may indicate that extra heterochromatin offers additional sites for viral integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Chatterjee
- Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, India
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Sherer GK, Jackson BB, Leroy EC. Chromosome breakage and sister chromatid exchange frequencies in scleroderma. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1981; 24:1409-13. [PMID: 7317118 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780241112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral lymphocytes from 3 scleroderma patients with systemic disease and from 3 normal controls were examined for frequencies of chromosomal aberration and sister chromatid exchange (SCE). Significant increases in the levels of chromosomal anomaly and SCE were found for all 3 patients. These results are discussed in terms of the diagnostic potential of SCE in scleroderma and the possible etiologic role of cytogenetic instability in this disease.
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Apelt F, Kolin-Gerresheim J, Bauchinger M. Azathioprine, a clastogen in human somatic cells? Analysis of chromosome damage and SCE in lymphocytes after exposure in vivo and in vitro. Mutat Res 1981; 88:61-72. [PMID: 6163078 DOI: 10.1016/0165-1218(81)90090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal analyses in lymphocytes of 28 patients with multiple sclerosis were carried out before, during and after Azathioprine (Aza) therapy. Only a higher incidence of gaps was found in treated patients than in a group of healthy persons but not in comparison with untreated patients. Similarly, no significant clastogenic effect was observed in vitro after short-term and long-term treatment of unstimulated and stimulated lymphocytes with concentrations of 1--100 microgram Aza per ml. Treatment of cultures with 0.0001--4.0 microgram/ml did not yield increased SCE frequencies. The absence of any significant clastogenic effect of therapeutic doses of Aza on human somatic cells is deduced from an evaluation of previously published data and from the present results.
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Chromosome-breaking agent of low molecular weight in human systemic Lypus Erythematosus. Hum Genet 1980. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00290215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Camitta BM. The role of viral infections in aplastic anemia. HAEMATOLOGY AND BLOOD TRANSFUSION 1979; 24:39-46. [PMID: 540798 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-67483-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Barinsky IF, Dementiev IV, Shvetsova TP, Ugryumov EP, Ryabova MV, Bugbee SJ, Sutnick AI, Millman I, Blumberg BS. Investigation of the nature of Australia antigen. I: The absence of biological activity of Australia antigen in human blood leukocyte culture. Arch Virol 1975; 47:193-200. [PMID: 123442 DOI: 10.1007/bf01317807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purified and concentrated preparations of Australia antigen had no stimulating effect on leukocytes of human subjects under study when tested either on DNA-polymerase activity, 3H-thymidine uptake or chromosomal alterations. Moreover, in patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver no correlation between antigenemia and chromosome aberrations in blood leukocyte cultures could be detected. On the other hand, a serum obtained from a virus hepatitis patient with Australia antigen in the blood was found to stimulate leukocyte cultures from one patient with Down's syndrome and antigenemia, one mentally retarded patient and three normal donors. This stimulating agent is obviously not associated with Australia antigen.
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Emerit I, Levy A, Housset E. Breakage factor in systemic sclerosis and protector effect of L-cysteine. HUMANGENETIK 1974; 25:221-6. [PMID: 4448453 DOI: 10.1007/bf00281430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Vormittag W, Paumgartner G. [Acute viral hepatitis, Australia antigen and chromosomes (author's transl)]. KLINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT 1973; 51:445-9. [PMID: 4753494 DOI: 10.1007/bf01467749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Mikkelsen M, Skinhoj P, Olesen H. Cytogenetical findings in children born to carriers of hepatitis-associated antigen. ACTA PATHOLOGICA ET MICROBIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA. SECTION B: MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 1973; 81:207-18. [PMID: 4520378 DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1973.tb00213.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Stefanescu DT, Moanga M, Teodorescu M, Brucher J. Chromosome abnormalities in chronic active hepatitis. J Clin Pathol 1972; 25:705-7. [PMID: 5076805 PMCID: PMC477482 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.25.8.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
An investigation on human peripheral blood lymphocyte chromosomes in chronic active hepatitis was carried out. A higher percentage of chromatid and chromosome lesions was recorded in all patients studied as compared with control groups-normal individuals, healthy subjects who had suffered from acute viral hepatitis, patients with alcoholic liver disease, and patients with mechanical jaundice due to cancer. The possible origin of these abnormalities is discussed.
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Vormittag W. [Chromosomes in acute viral hepatitis]. HUMANGENETIK 1972; 15:44-65. [PMID: 5046908 DOI: 10.1007/bf00273431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Matsaniotis N, Kiossoglou K, Maounis F, Anagnostakis D. Chromosomal aberrations in infective hepatitis. J Clin Pathol 1970; 23:553-7. [PMID: 4249440 PMCID: PMC476834 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.23.7.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Structural chromosomal aberrations, in the form of breaks, were found in a significantly higher proportion of bone marrow cells in patients with infective hepatitis than in controls. These anomalies were observed during the first and third weeks after the onset of jaundice but had subsided by the sixth week. Chromosomal aberrations did not appear to be related to the severity of infective hepatitis or to the sex or age of the patients.The distribution of chromosomal abnormalities did not appear to be random; they were observed predominantly in the A(2) and B(4-5) series. Since no abnormalities were detected in the G-group chromosomes, no evidence in support of a relationship between infective hepatitis and Down's syndrome was obtained. Numerical chromosomal aberrations were not observed, nor was any evidence obtained that mitotic activity of bone marrow cells is suppressed in patients with infective hepatitis.
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Possibility of passage of epidemic hepatitis virus from the blood serum of patients to leukocyte cultures from healthy donors. Bull Exp Biol Med 1969. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00793076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Schuler D, Hervei S, Gács G, Kirchner M, Szathmáry J. [The effect of vaccinia viruses on human chromosomes in vivo and in vitro]. HUMANGENETIK 1968; 6:55-60. [PMID: 5699894 DOI: 10.1007/bf00287154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Schlaen I, Gilliavod NV, Vazquez H. Human leukaemia and mouse mitoses. Lancet 1967; 2:892-3. [PMID: 12389561 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(67)92629-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Holzmann H, Morsches B, Sachsse W. [On the activity of folate-dependent enzymes in leukocytes in mongolism]. KLINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT 1967; 45:363-6. [PMID: 4231007 DOI: 10.1007/bf01738744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Hausen H, Lanz E. Chromosomale Aberrationen bei L-Zellen nach Vaccinia-Virus-Infektion. Med Microbiol Immunol 1966. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02123087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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AYA T, MAKINO S, HIRAYAMA A. Some Chromosomal Studies on Patients with Infectious Hepatitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1966. [DOI: 10.2183/pjab1945.42.1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takao AYA
- Zoological Institute, Hokkaido University
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