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Alqahtani KA, Jacobs R, Da Costa Senior O, Politis C, Shaheen E. Recommendations to minimize tooth root remodeling in patients undergoing maxillary osteotomies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13686. [PMID: 38871741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to report root remodeling/resorption percentages of maxillary teeth following the different maxillary osteotomies; i.e. one-piece, two-pieces, three-pieces Le Fort I, surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE). The possibility of relationships between root remodeling and various patient- and/or treatment-related factors were further investigated. A total of 110 patients (1075 teeth) who underwent combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery were studied retrospectively. The sample size was divided into: 30 patients in one-piece Le Fort I group, 30 patients in multi-pieces Le Fort I group, 20 patients in SARPE group and 30 patients in orthodontic group. Preoperative and 1 year postoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were obtained. A validated and automated method for evaluating root remodeling and resorption in three dimensions (3D) was applied. SARPE group showed the highest percentage of root remodeling. Spearman correlation coefficient revealed a positive relationship between maxillary advancement and root remodeling, with more advancement contributing to more root remodeling. On the other hand, the orthodontic group showed a negative correlation with age indicating increased root remodeling in younger patients. Based on the reported results of linear, volumetric and morphological changes of the root after 1 year, clinical recommendations were provided in the form of decision tree flowchart and tables. These recommendations can serve as a valuable resource for surgeons in estimating and managing root remodeling and resorption associated with different maxillary surgical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Ayidh Alqahtani
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Oliver Da Costa Senior
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Constantinus Politis
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eman Shaheen
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Morell GFC, Chen K, Flores-Mir C. 3D reconstruction of lower anterior teeth from CBCT images: automatic segmentation with manual refinements. Dental Press J Orthod 2023; 28:e232249. [PMID: 37466507 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.28.3.e232249.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a well-detailed and reproducible tooth segmentation method, when quantifying tooth volumetric measurements is needed. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was an in vitro study in which lower incisors and canines of five patients were 3D reconstructed by means of an automatic segmentation with manual refinements process. All the images were obtained using a 0.3-mm voxel size CBCT imaging. The software utilized was the ITK-SNAP®. The primary outcomes were the intra-rater and inter-rater reliabilities and the respective measurement errors. RESULTS The intra-rater reliability was excellent, with a mean measurement error of 4.16%. The inter-rater reliability was good, with a mean measurement error of 7.11%. Accuracy assessment was not possible, as the assessed teeth were not extracted. CONCLUSIONS Although the described method is reliable, tooth volumetric error measurements may become significant, depending on the assessed situation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin Chen
- Private practice (Edmonton, Alberta, Canada)
| | - Carlos Flores-Mir
- University of Alberta, College of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry (Edmonton, Alberta, Canada)
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Alqahtani KA, Jacobs R, Shujaat S, Politis C, Shaheen E. Automated three-dimensional quantification of external root resorption following combined orthodontic-orthognathic surgical treatment. A validation study. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2023; 124:101289. [PMID: 36122841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Three-dimensional (3D) quantitative assessment of external root resorption (ERR) following combined orthodontic-orthognathic surgical treatment is vital for ensuring an optimal long-term tooth prognosis. In this era, lack of evidence exists applying automated 3D approaches for assessing ERR. Therefore, this study aimed to validate a protocol for 3D quantification of ERR on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images following combined orthodontic-orthognathic surgical treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty patients who underwent combined orthodontic-orthognathic surgical treatment were recruited. Each patient had CBCT scans acquired with NewTom VGi evo (NewTom) at three time-points i.e., 4-weeks prior to surgery (T0), 1-week (T1) and 1-year after surgery (T2). Patients were divided into two groups, group A (surgical Le Fort I osteotomy group: 10 patients) and group B (orthodontic group without maxillary surgical intervention: 10 patients). Root resorption was assessed by measuring length and volumetric changes of maxillary premolar to premolar teeth (central and lateral incisors, canines, 1st and 2nd premolars= 10 teeth) at T0-T1 and T0-T2 time intervals in both groups. The protocol consisted of convolutional neural network based segmentation followed by surface-based superimposition and automated 3D analysis. RESULTS The intra-observer intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was found to be excellent (1.0) with an average error of 0 mm and 0 mm3 for assessing root length and volume, respectively. The entire protocol took 56.8 ± 7 s for quantifying ERR. Both group of patients showed negligible changes in length and volumetric ratio at T0-T1 time-interval. Furthermore, group A had lower ERR ratio with decreased root volume and length compared to group B at T0-T2 time-interval. CONCLUSIONS The proposed protocol was found to be time efficient, accurate and reliable for 3D quantification of ERR on CBCT images. It could act as a viable automated option for assessing ERR. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The automated protocol could provide a time efficient method to allow a reliable and accurate 3D follow up root resorption after orthognathic and orthodontic treatment procedures. These new insights could allow clinicians to implement strategies for minimizing the risk of root resorption and to further enhance treatment predictability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Ayidh Alqahtani
- OMFS IMPATH research group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH research group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sohaib Shujaat
- OMFS IMPATH research group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Constantinus Politis
- OMFS IMPATH research group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eman Shaheen
- OMFS IMPATH research group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Wang M, Fan J, Wang A, Jin X, Zhang Z, Hu X, Liu L, Zhao Y, Li Y. Effect of local application of bone morphogenetic protein -2 on experimental tooth movement and biological remodeling in rats. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1111857. [PMID: 37143931 PMCID: PMC10151543 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1111857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study attempts to detect the potential effects of local bone morphogenetic protein -2 (BMP-2) on orthodontic tooth movement and periodontal tissue remodeling. Methods: Forty adult SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: blank control group, unilateral injection of BMP-2 on the pressure side or tension side of orthodontic teeth and bilateral injection of BMP-2. Their maxillary first molar was moved by a 30 g constant force closed coil spring. 60 μL of BMP-2 with a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL was injected into each part at a time. In addition, three rats were selected as healthy control rats without any intervention. Fluorescent labeled BMP-2 was used to observe the distribution of exogenous BMP-2 in tissues. Micro-CT was used to measure the microscopic parameters of tooth displacement, trabecular bone and root absorption volume. Three different histological methods were used to observe the changes of tissue remodeling, and then the number of osteoclasts and the content of collagen fibers were calculated. Results: Compared with the blank control group, BMP-2 injection reduced the movement distance and increased the collagen fiber content and bone mass (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in tooth movement distance, BV/TV ratio and BMD between injection sites in unilateral injection group (p > 0.05). In the case of bilateral injection of BMP-2, the osteogenesis is enhanced. Unilateral injection of BMP-2 did not promote root resorption, but double injection showed root resorption (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Our study does show that the osteogenesis of BMP-2 is dose-dependent rather than site-dependent when a certain amount of BMP-2 is applied around orthodontic teeth. Local application of BMP-2 around orthodontic teeth in an appropriate way can enhance bone mass and tooth anchorage without increasing the risk of root absorption volume. However, high levels of BMP-2 may cause aggressive root resorption. These findings are of great significance, that is, BMP-2 is an effective target for regulating orthodontic tooth movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiadong Fan
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Aoao Wang
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Jin
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenbao Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiantong Hu
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Le Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Le Liu, ; Yantao Zhao, ; Yanfeng Li,
| | - Yantao Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Orthopedics Implants, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Le Liu, ; Yantao Zhao, ; Yanfeng Li,
| | - Yanfeng Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Le Liu, ; Yantao Zhao, ; Yanfeng Li,
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Al-Saqi RK, Athanasiou AE, Makrygiannakis MA, Kaklamanos EG. Are asthma and allergy associated with increased root resorption following orthodontic treatment? A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285309. [PMID: 37141232 PMCID: PMC10159203 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to systematically investigate the available evidence from human studies regarding the association of asthma and/or allergy with EARR. MATERIALS AND METHODS Unrestricted searches in 6 databases and manual searching were performed up to May 2022. We looked for data on EARR after orthodontic treatment in patients with/without asthma or allergy. Relevant data were extracted, and the risk of bias was assessed. An exploratory synthesis was carried out using the random effects model, and the overall quality of the evidence was assessed with the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. RESULTS From the initially retrieved records, nine studies met the inclusion criteria (three cohort and six case-control). Overall, increased EARR was observed in the individuals with allergies in their medical history (Standardised Mean Difference [SMD]: 0.42, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.19 to 0.64). No difference in EARR development was observed among individuals with or without a medical history of asthma (SMD: 0.20, 95% CI: -0.06 to 0.46). The quality of available evidence, excluding studies at high risk, was rated as moderate for the exposure to allergy, and low for the exposure to asthma. CONCLUSION Increased EARR was noted in individuals with allergies compared to the control group, while no difference was observed for individuals with asthma. Until more data become available, good practice would suggest that it is important to identify patients with asthma or allergy and consider the possible implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Kais Al-Saqi
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Athanasios E Athanasiou
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Dentistry, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Miltiadis A Makrygiannakis
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios G Kaklamanos
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Dentistry, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Comparative Evaluation of Orthodontically-Induced Root Resorption Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Orthopantomogram (OPG) During En-Masse Retraction of Maxillary Anterior Teeth. Cureus 2022; 14:e31219. [PMID: 36505118 PMCID: PMC9729711 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Orthodontically induced apical root resorption is an inescapable consequence of fixed orthodontics. This root resorption causes post-orthodontic complications in some treated cases. To avoid these complications proper diagnosis of the site and amount of resorption is important. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic ability of Orthopantomogram (OPG) and Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in detecting apical root resorption after en-masse retraction of maxillary anterior teeth in a sample of Saudi Arabian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study sample comprised of 30 patients diagnosed with bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion. The treatment plan involved extraction of all first premolars followed by en-masse retraction of the anterior teeth. OPG images were obtained at the beginning of treatment and after the end of the retraction phase and a CBCT image were also obtained for the same patient at the same centre other than orthodontic reason like implant placement, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) problems, sleep apnea, etc. after orthodontic treatment completion. The scoring system of Levander and Malmgren was used to assess the degree and severity of root resorption in the maxillary incisors. Dalhbergs error and coefficient of reliability (ICC) were used to calculate the correlation between the two sets of readings. Pearson chi-square test was used to compare the difference in root resorption between OPG and CBCT images. A P-value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS No resorption was observed in 39.2% and 16.6% of incisors with OPG and CBCT respectively. Mild resorption was observed in 50% and 66.7% of incisors with OPG and CBCT respectively. Moderate resorption was found in 10% and 15% of incisors with OPG and CBCT respectively. Severe root resorption was found in 0.8% and 1.7% of incisors with OPG and CBCT respectively. Statistically, significant differences were found in both methods of evaluation in all grades of root resorption for all the maxillary incisors (P<0.05). CONCLUSION OPG had consistently underestimated the amount of orthodontically induced apical root resorption when compared to CBCT. OPG is only useful for the primary evaluation of root resorption. CBCT can be used as an adjunct diagnostic tool on a case-to-case basis in patients with moderate to severe root resorption to manage post-orthodontic treatment complications.
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Nayyer N, Tripathi T, Ganesh G, Rai P. Impact of photobiomodulation on external root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement in humans – A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2022; 12:469-480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Pereira ABN, Almeida R, Artese F, Dardengo C, Quintão C, Carvalho F. External root resorption evaluated by CBCT 3D models superimposition. Dental Press J Orthod 2022; 27:e2219315. [PMID: 35703613 PMCID: PMC9191854 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.27.2.e2219315.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The literature reports the association of external root resorption (ERR) with orthodontic movement. In cases of premolars extractions, orthodontic movement of anterior teeth is usually quite expressive, which are precisely the most susceptible teeth to suffer from ERR. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the root morphology of maxillary canines and incisors in patients submitted to four premolar extraction and orthodontic retraction of the anterior teeth, by means of 3D surface models superimposition and mapping. Methods: The sample consisted of six adult patients, five female and one male, with a mean age of 23.5 ± 6.5 years, who underwent orthodontic treatment. All patients presented bimaxillary dental protrusion, with indication of maxillary and mandibular first premolar extractions, followed by the retraction of anterior teeth and space closure. Cone beam CT scans were performed before the beginning of the treatment (T0) and right after space closure (T1). 3D models were built at both times and superimposed to identify the root changes for the given period. Results: All average differences were close to zero and, even when evaluating the extreme values, the observed changes were always smaller than the accuracy of the CBCT. Conclusion: A mild resorption trend was observed, although it was not clinically significant, with values lower than the tomography accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz N Pereira
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Ortodontia (Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil)
| | - Rhita Almeida
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Ortodontia (Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil)
| | - Flavia Artese
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Ortodontia (Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil)
| | - Camila Dardengo
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Ortodontia (Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil)
| | - Cátia Quintão
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Ortodontia (Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil)
| | - Felipe Carvalho
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Ortodontia (Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil)
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Smorthit K, Little R. A novel removable appliance for canine retraction: a case report. J Orthod 2022; 49:352-358. [PMID: 35302408 DOI: 10.1177/14653125221076860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This case report outlines the use of a modified Leighton's retractor as a method for canine retraction in a patient with severe hypodontia, a history of aggressive periodontitis with tooth loss and idiopathic root resorption affecting multiple teeth. Treatment involved an upper removable appliance in combination with a lower sectional fixed appliance with the aim of improving aesthetics and function for the patient, whilst balancing the need to minimise treatment duration and modify treatment mechanics to reduce the orthodontic risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Smorthit
- Leeds Dental Institute and Chesterfield Royal Hospital, Leeds, UK
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Arana JG, Rey D, Ríos H, Álvarez MA, Cevidanes L, Ruellas AC, Aristizábal JF. Root resorption in relation to a modified piezocision technique. Angle Orthod 2022; 92:347-352. [DOI: 10.2319/121520-1009.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Objectives
To evaluate root resorption of lower incisors and canines quantitatively in a group of patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with piezocision and/or a collagen reinforcement technique with a fully resorbable three-dimensional (3D) collagen xenograft matrix compared with a control group.
Materials and Methods
The study sample of this secondary analysis consisted of 32 periodontally healthy patients with angle Class I malocclusion or mild Class II or III malocclusion and moderate irregularity index scores who underwent orthodontic treatment and had before (T0) and after treatment (T1) cone-beam computed tomography scans. Root resorption of lower incisors and canines was assessed quantitatively in the following four groups: the control group received orthodontic treatment without piezocision, experimental group 1 received orthodontic treatment with piezocision, experimental group 2 received orthodontic treatment with piezocision and a 3D collagen matrix, and experimental group 3 received orthodontic treatment with a 3D collagen matrix.
Results
An overall statistically significant decrease in root length from T0 to T1 for all groups was observed (P < .05). However, there was no significant difference among the groups in the amount of root length decrease from T0 to T1.
Conclusions
Orthodontic treatment combined with piezocision does not increase the risk of root resorption of lower incisors and canines when compared with orthodontic treatment without acceleration techniques. More studies with larger samples should be undertaken to confirm these results.
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Yilmaz H, Ozlu FC, Turk T, Darendeliler MA. The effect of 12 weeks of mechanical vibration on root resorption: a micro-CT study. Prog Orthod 2021; 22:28. [PMID: 34423388 PMCID: PMC8380592 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-021-00369-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate the effect of mechanical vibration on root resorption with or without orthodontic force application. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty patients who required maxillary premolar extractions as part of orthodontic treatment were randomly divided into two groups of 10: no-force group and force group. Using a split-mouth procedure, each patient's maxillary first premolar teeth were randomly assigned as either vibration or control side for both groups. A buccally directed vibration of 50 Hz, with an Oral-B HummingBird device, was applied to the maxillary first premolar for 10 min/day for 12 weeks. After the force application period, the maxillary first premolars were extracted and scanned with micro-computed tomography. Fiji (ImageJ), performing slice-by-slice quantitative volumetric measurements, was used for resorption crater calculation. Total crater volumes were compared with the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS The total crater volumes in the force and no-force groups were 0.476 mm3 and 0.017 mm3 on the vibration side and 0.462 mm3 and 0.031 mm3 on the control side, respectively. There was no statistical difference between the vibration and control sides (P > 0.05). There was more resorption by volume in the force group when compared to the no-force group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Mechanical vibration did not have a beneficial effect on reducing root resorption; however, force application caused significant root resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Yilmaz
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Fethiye Cakmak Ozlu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Tamer Turk
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Darendeliler
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Abellán R, Gómez C, Palma JC. Effects of Photobiomodulation on the Upper First Molar Intrusion Movement Using Mini-Screws Anchorage: A Randomized Controlled Trial. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2021; 39:518-527. [PMID: 34328794 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2020.4979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to quantify the changes obtained when the molar intrusion movement is complemented by photobiomodulation (PBM). Background: A common problem in adult patients is the super-eruption of maxillary molars caused by the loss of the antagonist tooth. Super-erupted molars impair oral rehabilitation and can cause both occlusal and functional problems. There is increasing research confirming the benefits of adjunctive PBM during orthodontic treatment. Methods: Twenty patients with indication of a maxillary first molar intrusion for oral rehabilitation were selected. Patients were randomized into two groups to receive orthodontic intrusion (control group) or the same treatment complemented by PBM (PBM group) in repeated doses (days 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 from the start of the intrusion and in each monthly follow-up) by using a low-power red laser diode (670 nm, 150 mW, 12 min around the molar). Plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD), and bleeding of probing (BOP) were assessed at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 6 months. Stereolithography models generated from an intraoral scanner were taken at 0, 3, and 6 months and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) records were taken at 0 and 6 months. Mean intrusion distance, mean intrusion velocity, and volumetric resorption were calculated. Results: Periodontal clinical assessments (PI, PD, and BOP) and mean intrusion distance or mean intrusion velocity yielded no differences (p > 0.05) between groups. However, PBM group showed lower values of all these scores during the first 3 months. Intraoral scanner and CBCT were equally effective in accurately monitoring the intrusion distance (p > 0.05). CBCT records allowed volumetric evaluation of the root resorption process, being lesser in the PBM group, but not significantly (p > 0.05). Conclusions: During orthodontic intrusion process, the adjunctive application of PBM may provide better periodontal records and lower progression of root resorption at the expense of a little lower intrusion distance and velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Abellán
- Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Gómez
- Department of Low Dimensional Systems, Surfaces and Condensed Matter, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, Spanish National Research Council, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Palma
- Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Alcin R, Malkoç S. Does mini-implant-supported rapid maxillary expansion cause less root resorption than traditional approaches? A micro-computed tomography study. Korean J Orthod 2021; 51:241-249. [PMID: 34275880 PMCID: PMC8290090 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2021.51.4.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the volume, amount, and localization of root resorption in the maxillary first premolars using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) after expansion with four different rapid maxillary expansion (RME) appliances. METHODS In total, 20 patients who required RME and extraction of the maxillary first premolars were recruited for this study. The patients were divided into four groups according to the appliance used: miniimplant- supported hybrid RME appliance, hyrax RME appliance, acrylic-bonded RME appliance, and full-coverage RME appliance. The same activation protocol (one activation daily) was implemented in all groups. For each group, the left and right maxillary first premolars were scanned using micro-CT, and each root were divided into six regions. Resorption craters in the six regions were analyzed using special CTAn software for direct volumetric measurements. Data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferroni adjustment. RESULTS The hybrid expansion appliance resulted in the lowest volume of root resorption and the smallest number of craters (p < 0.001). In terms of overall root resorption, no significant difference was found among the other groups (p > 0.05). Resorption was greater on the buccal surface than on the lingual surface in all groups except the hybrid appliance group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that all expansion appliances cause root resorption, with resorption craters generally concentrated on the buccal surface. However, the mini-implant-supported hybrid RME appliance causes lesser root resorption than do other conventional appliances.
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Quinzi V, Federici Canova F, Rizzo FA, Marzo G, Rosa M, Primozic J. Factors related to maxillary expander loss due to anchoring deciduous molars exfoliation during treatment in the mixed dentition phase. Eur J Orthod 2021; 43:332-337. [PMID: 33215659 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjaa061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to identify factors associated with maxillary expander loss due to anchoring deciduous molars exfoliation and assess the diagnostic accuracy of the upper second premolar cusp position as a prognostic factor for the exfoliation of its corresponding deciduous molar. MATERIALS/METHODS Ninety-two subjects aged 8.4 ± 1.1 years, treated with a Haas or hyrax expander, and using the same expansion protocol and deciduous teeth as anchorage were included. The position of the upper second premolar cusp, according to the half pulp chamber (HPC) line of the ipsilateral upper first permanent molar, was assessed on pre-treatment panoramic radiographs. RESULTS A significant association between anchoring deciduous molar exfoliation and the position of the upper second premolar cusp according to the HPC line (P = 0.002; odds ratio = 5.7) was seen, while there was no association with gender, age, treatment duration, and type of expander. The median survival time for an anchoring deciduous molar, when the underlying premolar cusp was touching/crossing the HPC line, was 13.0 (11.7; 14.2) months. The upper second premolar cusp position to the HPC line showed high accuracy (at least 76.11 per cent) and substantial repeatability (at least 0.7) as a prognostic factor for the corresponding second deciduous molar exfoliation. LIMITATIONS Applicability in the mixed dentition phase with fully erupted upper first permanent molars. CONCLUSIONS The probability of a second deciduous molar to be successfully used as maxillary expander anchorage for at least 16 months is above 94 per cent; when at baseline, the corresponding premolar cusp is apical to the HPC line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Quinzi
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Fiorella Alessandra Rizzo
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marzo
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Jasmina Primozic
- Department of Orthodontics and Jaw Orthopaedics, Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenija
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15
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Malkoç S, Alçin R, Uzel A. Does the rhythm and appliance type of rapid maxillary expansion have an effect on root resorption? Angle Orthod 2021; 91:293-300. [PMID: 33492378 PMCID: PMC8084455 DOI: 10.2319/052220-465.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the volume, amount, and localization of root resorption in the upper first premolars by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) after three different rapid maxillary expansion appliances and two different activation rhythms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The patients were divided into three groups; Hyrax, acrylic cap splint (ACS), and full coverage acrylic bonded (FCAB) appliances. Each group was then divided into the following two subgroups: rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and semirapid maxillary expansion (SRME). After expansion was completed, the appliances were stabilized for 12 weeks during the retention period. For each group, 10 premolars (for a total of 60 premolars) were scanned with the micro-CT (SkyScan). The reconstructed 3D images of each root sample were divided into six regions. The resorption craters on these six different root surfaces were analyzed by special CTAn (SkyScan) software for direct volumetric measurements. Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The total volume of root resorption was less with FCAB than with ACS and Hyrax (P < .001). In all groups, a greater volume of resorption was found on the buccal surface than on the lingual surface (P < .001). No significant differences were found between the RME and SRME groups (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS All expansion appliances caused root resorption in the upper first premolar teeth, but FCAB may be safer in terms of root resorption. The resorption craters were generally concentrated on the buccal surface. There was no effect of activation rhythm on root resorption.
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Ronsivalle V, Casella F, Fichera G, Bennici O, Conforte C, Lo Giudice A. Root Resorption of Maxillary Posterior Teeth after Rapid Maxillary Expansion: A Comprehensive Review of the Current Evidence from in-vitro and in-vivo Studies. Open Dent J 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210602115010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
The application of heavy forces to the dentition, as those produced during a Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME), has been associated in the literature with the development of root resorption of maxillary posterior teeth.
Objective:
The aim of the present manuscript was to report the available data from in-vitro and in-vivo studies that can elucidate the biological processes of resorption and repair of radicular cementum after RME.
Methods:
Studies evaluating the occurrence of root resorption after RME by means of histological and radiographic methodology were included. We detailed the changes of the radicular anatomy after RME and provided a synthesis of the most valuable scientific evidence showing the biological processes behind the potential modifications of radicular anatomy. Results. Loss of cementum material and reduction of radicular volumes were seen after rapid maxillary expansion. A small radicular volumetric recovery of anchored teeth occurred after the retention period; this reparative phenomenon was caused by cementum deposition without the reattachment of periodontal fibers, supporting the detrimental effects associated with RR.
Conclusion:Retention period and the timing of radiographic examination could influence the extension of radicular resorption detected after RME since root resorption and cementum repair may occur at the same time at this stage.
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17
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Keller A, Heller L, Baumert U, Claussen C, Bamidis EP, Wichelhaus A. Physical behavior of pre-strained thermoset and thermoplastic orthodontic chains. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:792-799. [PMID: 33716276 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The physical properties of pre-strained (50% and 100%) thermoset (TSU) and thermoplastic (TPU) elastic chains of four different manufacturers (n=120) were determined after storage in different environments. The in vitro force-decay was investigated after storage in the media air, distilled water and artificial saliva at 37°C. The modified pull test was performed with a universal testing machine Model 4444 and load cell 2530-427. The initial and residual forces (after 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 24 h, 7 days, 21 days) were used to calculate the relative force. All chains show a force decay that is greatest in the first hour regardless of pre-strain or storage media. Over the entire incubation period, a significant difference between the providers was found. The paired comparisons showed no difference between the relative forces of chains made from TPU nor between the chains made from TSU. Yet, a highly significant difference between these two groups was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Keller
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University Hospital
| | - Lisa Heller
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University Hospital
| | - Uwe Baumert
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University Hospital
| | - Cora Claussen
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University Hospital
| | - Elias P Bamidis
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University Hospital
| | - Andrea Wichelhaus
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University Hospital
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Primozic J, Federici Canova F, Rizzo FA, Marzo G, Quinzi V. Diagnostic ability of the primary second molar crown-to-root length ratio and the corresponding underlying premolar position in estimating future expander anchoring teeth exfoliation. Orthod Craniofac Res 2021; 24:561-567. [PMID: 33606329 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to assess the diagnostic ability of the crown-to-root length ratio of the primary second molar and the position of the corresponding underlying premolar in estimating future anchoring teeth exfoliation during maxillary expansion. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION Fifty-four subjects (30 females, 24 males; 108 teeth) aged 8.2 ± 1.0 years that underwent palatal expansion. METHODS The upper second premolar position of the corresponding expander anchoring primary molar was determined in relation to the ipsilateral first permanent molar half-pulp chamber (HPC) line on panoramic radiographs. Subjective and objective (based on measurements) assessments of the crown-to-root length ratio of anchoring primary molars were performed. Exfoliation after the expansion was recorded over a retention period of 12 months. All the assessments were performed individually by three examiners at two 3-week-apart sessions, trained and calibrated before enrolment. The intra-/inter-examiner agreements were evaluated, and the diagnostic accuracy of the methods was calculated. RESULTS All methods exhibited almost perfect intra- and at least substantial inter-examiner agreement (Kappa >0.8 and ≥0.63, respectively). Good diagnostic accuracy was seen for the premolar position to the HPC line (0.7-0.8), while the crown-to-root length ratio methods exhibited hardly sufficient accuracy. The diagnostic agreement of the methods was fair. CONCLUSIONS When primary molars are considered as anchoring teeth for maxillary expansion, the premolar position in relation to the HPC line appears to be the most valid and reliable method for predicting their stability. Despite high repeatability values, the crown-to-root length ratio needs a cut-off point re-definition to increase its predicting ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Primozic
- Department of Orthodontics and Jaw Orthopaedics, Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana
| | | | - Fiorella Alessandra Rizzo
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marzo
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Quinzi
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Trelenberg-Stoll V, Drescher D, Wolf M, Becker K. Automated tooth segmentation as an innovative tool to assess 3D-tooth movement and root resorption in rodents. Head Face Med 2021; 17:3. [PMID: 33531044 PMCID: PMC7856769 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-020-00254-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orthodontic root resorptions are frequently investigated in small animals, and micro-computed tomography (μCT) enables volumetric comparison. Despite, due to overlapping histograms from dentine and bone, accurate quantification of root resorption is challenging. The present study aims at (i) validating a novel automated approach for tooth segmentation (ATS), (ii) to indicate that matching of contralateral teeth is eligible to assess orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and root resorption (RR), (iii) and to apply the novel approach in an animal trial performing orthodontic tooth movement. METHODS The oral apparatus of three female mice were scanned with a μCT. The first molars of each jaw and animal were segmented using ATS (test) and manually (control), and contralateral volumes were compared. Agreement in root volumes and time efficiency were assessed for method validation. In another n = 14 animals, the left first upper molar was protracted for 11 days at 0.5 N, whereas the contralateral molar served as control. Following ATS, OTM and RR were estimated. RESULTS ATS was significantly more time efficient compared to the manual approach (81% faster, P < 0.01), accurate (volume differences: - 0.01 ± 0.04 mm3), and contralateral roots had comparable volumes. Protracted molars had significantly lower root volumes (P = 0.03), whereas the amount of OTM failed to reveal linear association with RR (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Within the limits of the study, it was demonstrated that the combination of ATS and registration of contralateral jaws enables measurements of OTS and associated RR in μCT scans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dieter Drescher
- Department of Orthodontics, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Wolf
- Department of Orthodontics, Universitätsklinikum RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Becker
- Department of Orthodontics, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. .,Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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20
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Yassir YA, McIntyre GT, Bearn DR. Orthodontic treatment and root resorption: an overview of systematic reviews. Eur J Orthod 2020; 43:442-456. [PMID: 33215186 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjaa058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Root resorption can be considered the most unfortunate complication of orthodontic treatment. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the available evidence regarding orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR). SEARCH METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted for the systematic reviews investigating OIIRR published up to 24 May 2020. This was accomplished using electronic databases: MEDLINE via OVID, EMBASE, AMED (Allied and Complementary Medicine Database), PubMed, and Web of Science. Any ongoing systematic reviews were searched using Prospero and a grey literature search was undertaken using Google Scholar and OpenGrey (www.opengrey.eu/). No language restriction was applied. SELECTION CRITERIA Only studies investigating OIIRR were included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Screening, quality assessment [using the AMSTAR 2 tool (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews)], and data extraction were performed by two authors independently. Information was categorized and narratively synthesized for the key findings from moderate and high-quality reviews. RESULTS A total of 2033 potentially eligible studies were identified. After excluding the non-relevant studies, 28 systematic reviews were included. Of which, 20 systematic reviews (71.5%) were of moderate and high-quality level of evidence. The incidence and severity of OIIRR increase with the fixed appliance, especially with heavy force, intrusion, torqueing movements, increased treatment duration, and treatment with extractions or with long apical displacement (particularly for maxillary incisors). There was insufficient evidence regarding most other treatment- and patient-related factors on OIIRR. Following all precautionary measures, pausing treatment and regular monitoring benefits patients with OIIRR. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS There is a limited number of high-quality studies in terms of OIIRR. The influence of fixed appliance on root resorption was noted; however, the cause and effect relationship between OIIRR and orthodontic biomechanics has not been confirmed. Avoiding heavy, continuous forces and a greater amount of apical displacement over a long duration of treatment is recommended. Precautionary measures should be carefully considered when treating patients with a high risk of OIIRR. REGISTRATION CRD42020166629.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassir A Yassir
- Orthodontic Department, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq.,Orthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Grant T McIntyre
- Orthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, UK
| | - David R Bearn
- Orthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, UK
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21
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Makrygiannakis MA, Kaklamanos EG, Athanasiou AE. Effects of systemic medication on root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review of animal studies. Eur J Orthod 2020; 41:346-359. [PMID: 29992228 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjy048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Theoretically, root resorption could be modulated by any medication taken that exhibits possible effects on the implicated molecular pathways. OBJECTIVES To systematically investigate and appraise the quality of the available evidence from animal studies, regarding the effect of commonly prescribed systemic medication on root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement. SEARCH METHODS Search without restrictions in eight databases (PubMed, Central, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Arab World Research Source, ClinicalTrials.gov, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global) and hand searching until April 2018 took place. One author developed detailed search strategies for each database that were based on the PubMed strategy and adapted accordingly. SELECTION CRITERIA Controlled studies investigating the effect of systemic medications on root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Following study retrieval and selection, relevant data were extracted and the risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE's Risk of Bias Tool. RESULTS Twenty-one studies were finally identified, most of which at unclear risk of bias. Root resorption was shown to increase in Vitamin C treated animals in comparison with the control group, whereas a comparative decrease was noted after the administration of the alendronate, ibuprofen, growth hormone, low doses of meloxicam, simvastatin, lithium chloride and strontium ranelate. No difference was noted for acetaminophen, aspirin, fluoxetine, atorvastatin, misoprostol, zoledronic acid and zinc. Finally, inconsistent effects were observed after the administration of celecoxib, prednisolone and L-thyroxine. The quality of the available evidence was considered at best as low. CONCLUSIONS The pharmaceutical substances investigated were shown to exhibit variable effects on root resorption. Although the overall quality of evidence provides the clinician with a cautious perspective on the strength of the relevant recommendations, good practice would suggest that it is important to identify patients consuming medications and consider the possible implications. REGISTRATION PROSPERO (CRD42017078208).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miltiadis A Makrygiannakis
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eleftherios G Kaklamanos
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Athanasios E Athanasiou
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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22
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Meriç P, Zortuk FB, Karadede MI. Volumetric measurements of mandibular incisor root resorption following Forsus FRD EZ2 and Bionator appliance treatment using cone-beam computed tomography: A preliminary study. APOS TRENDS IN ORTHODONTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.25259/apos_7_2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives:
Root resorption is one of the frequently encountered problems in orthodontic treatments. The effects of functional appliances on root resorption have not been clearly demonstrated. The aim of this study was to compare volumetric root resorption of mandibular incisors after Bionator and Forsus appliance treatment using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Materials and Methods:
The study sample (n = 30) was selected from Class II div. 1 mandibular retrognathia patients treated with the Bionator and Forsus appliances. The first CBCT scans were taken before Bionator use and after 6 months. In the Forsus group, the first CBCT scans were taken before Forsus appliance use and after an overcorrected Class I relationship was obtained. The mean treatment time with the Forsus appliance was 5 ± 1.2 months. Mimics software was used for segmentation and volumetric measurements of mandibular incisor teeth root resorption.
Results:
In the Bionator group, statistically significant root volume loss was not found. In the Forsus group, the differences between before and after the treatment were not statistically significant for teeth 41, 31, and 32 (P > 0.05), whereas the difference was statistically significant for the lower right second incisor (P < 0.002). The percentage of volume loss (%) and root volume loss (mm3) was not statistically significant between groups.
Conclusions:
Following functional treatment with the Bionator and Forsus, statistically significant difference was not found between groups for mandibular incisor root resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamir Meriç
- Department of Orthodontics, Trakya University, Edirne,
| | | | - M. Irfan Karadede
- Department of Orthodontics, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey,
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23
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El H, Stefanovic N, Palomo JM, Palomo L. Strategies for Managing the Risk of Mucogingival Changes During Impacted Maxillary Canine Treatment. Turk J Orthod 2020; 33:123-132. [PMID: 32637194 DOI: 10.5152/turkjorthod.2020.20038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gingival recession is a frequent mucogingival defect in the adult population. It affects the esthetics and is related to hypersensitivity and a high risk of periodontal attachment loss. The connection between orthodontic treatment and periodontal health has been debated for a long time. A healthy periodontium can be preserved during safe orthodontic tooth movement even in patients with poor mucogingival anatomy. This article aimed to review the strategies around managing the risks of mucogingival and apical root changes owing to maxillary canine impaction, with a special focus on gingival recession and impacted maxillary canine treatment. Maxillary canines are the second most frequently impacted teeth after the third molars. They can be located in the labial or buccal aspect of the alveolar bone. If interceptive procedures fail, the next step is the challenging and time-consuming comprehensive orthodontic-surgical treatment. Determining the exact impacted canine location, its relation to the adjacent teeth and structures, the least invasive surgical approach, and the best path for traction are all a part of the standard diagnostic process. It has also been suggested that orthodontists should evaluate periodontal risks to achieve the best possible results. Clinical examination and cone beam computed tomography provide valuable information for the treatment plan that yields good results with a healthy periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan El
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Neda Stefanovic
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Juan Martin Palomo
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Imaging Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Leena Palomo
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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24
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Yazid F, Teh Y, Ashari A, Ariffin SHZ, Wahab RMA. Detection methods of orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR): a review. AUSTRALASIAN ORTHODONTIC JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.21307/aoj-2020-012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) is unwelcome iatrogenic damage associated with orthodontic treatment. Patients with a high risk of developing OIIRR are commonly monitored using radiographic techniques. Alternative, more sensitive methods using biological markers facilitate the early detection of OIIRR, which can minimise root surface damage and allow the timely cessation of orthodontic treatment in order to facilitate a reparative process.
Aim
The present review examines the current use of 2D and 3D radiographic techniques to detect and quantify OIIRR and, further, evaluates the latest literature on alternative detection methods of OIIRR.
Method
Published studies were searched electronically throughout PubMed, Scopus and ScienceDirect using keywords including ‘root resorption’, ‘OIIRR’, ‘radiograph’ and ‘biological markers’.
Results
The detection methods for OIIRR were divided into radiographic and biological marker methods. Orthopantomogram (OPG) and periapical radiography are currently the most widely used radiographic methods to detect and monitor OIIRR as they are readily available in most dental clinics, cost effective and have a relatively low radiation dose. However, the radiographic methods are not only subject to standardisation and magnification issues, but also require repeated radiation exposure to patients. Therefore, published research into the potential for biological markers as a safer and more sensitive alternative for the early detection of OIIRR was reviewed.
Conclusion
The result of the review highlights the potential for the use of biological markers in the early detection of OIIRR as a relatively safer and more sensitive alternative to conventional radiographic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farinawati Yazid
- * Department of Family Oral Health , Faculty of Dentistry , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Yongxian Teh
- * Department of Family Oral Health , Faculty of Dentistry , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Asma Ashari
- * Department of Family Oral Health , Faculty of Dentistry , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Shahrul Hisham Zainal Ariffin
- † School of Biosciences and Biotechnology , Faculty of Science and Technology , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab
- * Department of Family Oral Health , Faculty of Dentistry , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
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25
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Goymen M, Gulec A. Effect of photobiomodulation therapies on the root resorption associated with orthodontic forces: a pilot study using micro computed tomography. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:1431-1438. [PMID: 31773372 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03155-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of photobiomodulation therapies on root resorption compared with the placebo group. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty patients who were admitted to the Gaziantep University Faculty of Dentistry Orthodontics Department for treatment, with an indication of upper right first premolar tooth extraction were included. Before the individuals' orthodontic treatment, 0.022 slot MBT brackets and tubes were placed on the maxillary first premolar and molar. A 150-g buccal tipping force was applied to the first premolar. Cantilever spring with 0.017 × 0.025 Beta Titanium wire was used for force application. Individuals were then randomly divided into three groups. For the first group, laser application was performed with an 810-nm GaAlAs laser device at 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days to 8 J/cm2. For the second group, an LED application according to the manufacturer's instructions with an 850-nm wavelength and 20 mW/cm2 output power for 10 min per day during the experiment. For the third group, a placebo therapy was completed whereby a laser device that did not make active pulses was used. At the end of 4 weeks, the amount of root surface resorption was compared using micro-CT imaging after the extraction of the teeth. RESULTS No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of regional and total crater volumes. It was observed that photobiomodulation therapies were not different from the control group in terms of forming root resorption. CONCLUSIONS It is seen that laser and LED photobiomodulation therapies used for accelerate orthodontic tooth movement do not differ from the control group in terms of forming root resorption. CLINICAL RELEVANCE According to the results of this pilot study on this subject, which needs to be clarified with new findings in the future, LED and laser applications may not increase the risk for root resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Goymen
- Dentistry Faculty, Department of Orthodontics, Gaziantep University, 27300 Şehitkamil, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Aysegul Gulec
- Dentistry Faculty, Department of Orthodontics, Gaziantep University, 27300 Şehitkamil, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Michelogiannakis D, Al-Shammery D, Akram Z, Rossouw PE, Javed F, Romanos GE. Influence of low-level laser therapy on orthodontically-induced inflammatory root resorption. A systematic review. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 100:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ng D, Chan AK, Papadopoulou AK, Dalci O, Petocz P, Darendeliler MA. The effect of low-level laser therapy on orthodontically induced root resorption: a pilot double blind randomized controlled trial. Eur J Orthod 2019; 40:317-325. [PMID: 29016741 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjx065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background The effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on accelerating orthodontic tooth movement has been extensively studied; however, there is limited knowledge on the use of LLLT on orthodontic root resorption. Objective To investigate the effect of LLLT on orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) and to compare the difference between pulsed and continuous LLLT on OIIRR. Trial design Double-blind, single-centre 3-arm parallel split-mouth randomized controlled trial. Participants Twenty adolescent patients who required bilateral maxillary first premolar (MFP) orthodontic extractions were recruited from the Sydney Dental Hospital between October 2014 and December 2014. Intervention All MFPs were tipped buccally for 28 days to induce OIIRR. The experimental premolars (n = 20) received LLLT and the control premolars (n = 20) received placebo-laser on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, and 21. Ten experimental premolars received LLLT via continuous delivery and 10 received pulsed delivery. Laser parameter AlGaAs diode laser of 808 nm wavelength, 0.18 W power, 1.6 J per point, and duration of 9s for continuous mode and 4.5 s for pulsed mode. Outcome The difference in root resorption crater volume between LLLT and placebo-laser and continuous or pulsed laser delivery after 28 days. Randomization Randomization was computer-generated, with allocation concealment by opaque sequentially numbered sealed envelopes. Blinding The participants and operator were blinded. Results Eighty-eight patients were screened and 20 patients were randomized. Forty premolars were analysed. LLLT resulted in 23 per cent less root resorption compared to the placebo (P = 0.026). Pulsed laser delivery resulted in 5 per cent less root resorption than continuous; however, this was not statistically significant (P = 0.823). No harm was observed. Conclusion Teeth treated with LLLT had less total root resorption than placebo-laser. Furthermore, there was minimal difference between pulsed or continuous delivery of LLLT. Trial Registration Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12616000829415). Protocol The protocol was not published before trial commencement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doreen Ng
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney South West Area Health Service, Australia
| | - Ambrose K Chan
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Alexandra K Papadopoulou
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney South West Area Health Service, Australia
| | - Oyku Dalci
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney South West Area Health Service, Australia
| | - Peter Petocz
- Department of Statistics, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mehmet Ali Darendeliler
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney South West Area Health Service, Australia
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Saunders KG, Mattevi G, Donly KJ, Anthony R. Enamel Demineralization Adjacent to Orthodontic Brackets Bonded with ACTIVA BioACTIVE-RESTORATIVE. APOS TRENDS IN ORTHODONTICS 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/apos.apos_48_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
IntroductionEnamel demineralization adjacent to orthodontic brackets has been shown to be a consequence during orthodontic treatment. Fluoride-releasing resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGICs) have been shown to protect the enamel from white spot lesions, but their bond strength has been proven inadequate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate ACTIVA BioACTIVE-RESTORATIVE, a bioactive material with strength superior to RMGICs, for inhibition of enamel demineralization surrounding orthodontic brackets.Materials and MethodsFifteen human teeth were sectioned and divided into two groups. One group was the control and had orthodontic brackets bonded with Transbond XT, while the second group had orthodontic brackets bonded with ACTIVA. The teeth were varnished within 2 mm of the bracket margins and immersed in an artificial caries solution for 3 days to create carious lesions. The teeth were sectioned and viewed under polarized light microscopy for the detection of enamel demineralization adjacent to the bracket, and then, the lesion areas were measured with a computer imaging system.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference (P≤ 0.001) that ACTIVA had less enamel demineralization adjacent to the bracket when compared to the control group.ConclusionsThe results of this study have demonstrated that ACTIVA, a fluoride-releasing bioactive restorative material, inhibits demineralization of enamel adjacent to orthodontic brackets when compared to a nonfluoride-releasing control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin G. Saunders
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78223, USA
| | - Gianina Mattevi
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78223, USA
| | - Kevin J. Donly
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78223, USA
| | - Ravikumar Anthony
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78223, USA
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Puttaravuttiporn P, Wongsuwanlert M, Charoemratrote C, Leethanakul C. Volumetric evaluation of root resorption on the upper incisors using cone beam computed tomography after 1 year of orthodontic treatment in adult patients with marginal bone loss. Angle Orthod 2018; 88:710-718. [PMID: 29911905 DOI: 10.2319/121717-868.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine upper incisor root resorption, volume loss, and the relationship between root volume loss and tooth movement after 1 year of orthodontic treatment in patients with marginal bone loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 30 women (46.3 ± 5.4 years old) with moderate upper incisor bone loss who required intrusion during orthodontic treatment were recruited. Pre- and post-treatment cone beam computed tomography images were reconstructed. Upper incisors at pre- and post-treatment were superimposed; labio- and palato-apical, middle, and coronal third root volumes were assessed. Tooth movement and alveolar bone height were measured from lateral cephalometric radiographs and cone beam computed tomography. Changes in root volume/alveolar bone height were compared using paired-sample t-tests, percentage root volume loss for each tooth/segment was evaluated by one-way analysis of variance, and the relationship between percentage root loss and degree of tooth movement was assessed by linear regression. RESULTS: Mean root volume significantly decreased on the labio- and palato-apical aspects of 12 and labio-apical aspects of 21 and 22 ( P ≤ .024). Palato-apical segment volume loss was greater on lateral than central incisors ( P ≤ .016). Two-dimensional root length and cementoenamel junction-bone crest distance did not change between T0 and T1, with no significant relationship between tooth movement amount and percentage root volume loss. CONCLUSIONS: Delivery of 40 g intrusive force to the four upper incisors using a T-loop and the leveling phase lead to more apical root volume loss on lateral than central incisors. There was no relationship between extent of tooth movement and upper incisor root volume loss.
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Chan E, Dalci O, Petocz P, Papadopoulou AK, Darendeliler MA. Physical properties of root cementum: Part 26. Effects of micro-osteoperforations on orthodontic root resorption: A microcomputed tomography study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2018; 153:204-213. [PMID: 29407497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies have demonstrated the potential efficacy of micro-osteoperforations in accelerating tooth movement by amplifying the expression of inflammatory markers. The aim of this investigation was to examine the effects of micro-osteoperforations on orthodontic root resorption with microcomputed tomography. METHODS This prospective controlled clinical trial involved 20 subjects requiring extraction of the maxillary first premolars as part of their orthodontic treatment. A buccal tipping force of 150 g was applied to both premolars. Using the Propel appliance (Propel Orthodontics, San Jose, Calif), micro-osteoperforations were applied at a depth of 5 mm on the mesial and distal aspects in the midroot region of the experimental side of the first premolar root; the contralateral side served as the control. After 28 days, both premolars were extracted. The teeth were scanned under microcomputed tomography, and the volumes of root resorption craters were calculated and compared. RESULTS Premolars treated with micro-osteoperforation exhibited significantly greater average total amounts of root resorption than did the control teeth (0.576 vs 0.406 mm3). The total average volumetric root loss of premolars treated with micro-osteoperforation was 42% greater than that of the control teeth. CONCLUSIONS This 28-day trial showed that micro-osteoperforations resulted in greater orthodontic root resorption. However, these results should be verified in patients who are undergoing full-length orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Chan
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Surry Hills, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Oyku Dalci
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Surry Hills, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Petocz
- Department of Statistics, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexandra K Papadopoulou
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Surry Hills, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Ali Darendeliler
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Surry Hills, New South Wales, Australia
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Heravi F, Shafaee H, Forouzanfar A, Zarch SHH, Merati M. The effect of canine disimpaction performed with temporary anchorage devices (TADs) before comprehensive orthodontic treatment to avoid root resorption of adjacent teeth. Dental Press J Orthod 2017; 21:65-72. [PMID: 27275617 PMCID: PMC4896284 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.21.2.065-072.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the movement of impacted canines away from the roots of neighboring teeth before full-mouth bracket placement, performed by means of TADs to decrease undesired side effects on adjacent teeth. Methods: The study sample consisted of 34 palatally impacted canines, being 19 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group. In the experimental group, before placement of brackets, the impacted canine was erupted by means of miniscrews. In the control group, after initiation of comprehensive orthodontics, canine disimpaction was performed by means of a cantilever spring soldered to a palatal bar. At the end of treatment, volume of lateral incisors and canine root resorption were measured and compared by means of a CBCT-derived tridimensional model. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, bleeding on probing (BOP) and gingival index (GI) were recorded. Clinical success rate was also calculated. Results: The volume of root resorption of lateral teeth in the control group was significantly greater than in the experimental group (p < 0.001). At the end of treatment, VAS score, GI and BOP were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Based on our results, it seems that disimpaction of canines and moving them to the arch can be done successfully carried out with minimal side effects by means of skeletal anchorage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzin Heravi
- Professor, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Mashhad, Iran., Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad , Iran
| | - Hooman Shafaee
- Assistant professor, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Mashhad, Iran. , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad , Iran
| | - Ali Forouzanfar
- Assistant professor, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Dental Research Center, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Mashhad, Iran., Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad , Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseini Zarch
- Associate professor, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Dental Materials Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad, Iran., Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Dental Materials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad , Iran
| | - Mohsen Merati
- Assistant professor, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran , Iran
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de Almeida MR, Marçal ASB, Fernandes TMF, Vasconcelos JB, de Almeida RR, Nanda R. A comparative study of the effect of the intrusion arch and straight wire mechanics on incisor root resorption: A randomized, controlled trial. Angle Orthod 2017; 88:20-26. [PMID: 28985106 DOI: 10.2319/06417-424r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze and compare external apical root resorption (EARR) of maxillary incisors treated by intrusion arch or continuous archwire mechanics. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) study analyzed 28 deep bite patients in the permanent dentition who were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1, 12 patients with initial mean age of 15.1 ± 1.6 years and mean overbite of 4.6 ± 1.2 mm treated with the Connecticut intrusion arch (CIA) in the upper arch (Ortho Organizers, Carlsbad, Calif) for a mean period of 5.8 ± 1.27 months. Group 2, 16 patients with initial mean age of 22.1 ± 5.7 years and mean overbite of 4.1 ± 1.1 mm treated with conventional leveling and alignment using continuous archwire mechanics for 6.1 ± 0.81 months. The degree of EARR was detected in 112 maxillary incisors by using CBCT scans and a three-dimensional program (Dolphin 11.7, Dolphin Imaging & Management Solutions, Chatsworth, Calif). The CBCT scans were obtained before (T1) and 6 months after initiation of treatment (T2). Differences between and within groups were assessed by nonpaired and paired t-tests, respectively, with a 5% significance level. RESULTS Significant differences were found for both groups between T1 and T2 ( P < .05) indicating that EARR occurred in both groups. However, there were no significant differences when EARR was compared between group 1 (-0.76 mm) and group 2 (-0.59 mm). CONCLUSIONS The Connecticut intrusion arch did not lead to greater EARR of maxillary incisors when compared with conventional orthodontic mechanics.
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Tehranchi A, Sadighnia A, Younessian F, Abdi AH, Shirvani A. Correlation of Vitamin D status and orthodontic-induced external apical root resorption. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2017; 14:403-411. [PMID: 29238379 PMCID: PMC5713064 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.218565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adequate Vitamin D is essential for dental and skeletal health in children and adult. The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation of serum Vitamin D level with external-induced apical root resorption (EARR) following fixed orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency (defined by25-hydroxyvitamin-D) was determined in 34 patients (23.5% male; age range 12-23 years; mean age 16.63 ± 2.84) treated with fixed orthodontic treatment. Root resorption of four maxillary incisors was measured using before and after periapical radiographs (136 measured teeth) by means of a design-to-purpose software to optimize data collection. Teeth with a maximum percentage of root resorption (%EARR) were indicated as representative root resorption for each patient. A multiple linear regression model and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to assess the association of Vitamin D status and observed EARR. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The Pearson coefficient between these two variables was determined about 0.15 (P = 0.38). Regression analysis revealed that Vitamin D status of the patients demonstrated no significant statistical correlation with EARR, after adjustment of confounding variables using linear regression model (P > 0.05). Conclusion This study suggests that Vitamin D level is not among the clinical variables that are potential contributors for EARR. The prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency does not differ in patients with higher EARR. These data suggest the possibility that Vitamin D insufficiency may not contribute to the development of more apical root resorption although this remains to be confirmed by further longitudinal cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azita Tehranchi
- Preventive Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Sadighnia
- Dentofacial Deformities Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Younessian
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Amir H Abdi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Armin Shirvani
- Iranian Center of Endodontic Research, School of Medical Education, Faculty of Medical Education, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Patterson BM, Dalci O, Papadopoulou AK, Madukuri S, Mahon J, Petocz P, Spahr A, Darendeliler MA. Effect of piezocision on root resorption associated with orthodontic force: A microcomputed tomography study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2017; 151:53-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Dindaroğlu F, Doğan S. Root Resorption in Orthodontics. Turk J Orthod 2016; 29:103-108. [PMID: 30112483 DOI: 10.5152/turkjorthod.2016.16021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Root resorption has been the subject of many studies, and it can be caused by many factors such as the mechanics used during orthodontic treatment, factors related to the type and magnitude of the force, and other factors related to treatment such as the type of tooth movement and malocclusion. The clinical importance of root resorption is directly related to its detectability. Therefore, orthodontic and biological factors that may cause root resorption were evaluated using various imaging methods in present use. In this review, root resorption in orthodontics was considered from different viewpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furkan Dindaroğlu
- Department of Orthodontics, Ege University School of Dentistry, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Servet Doğan
- Department of Orthodontics, Ege University School of Dentistry, İzmir, Turkey
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Aras I, Tuncer AV. Comparison of anterior and posterior mini-implant-assisted maxillary incisor intrusion: Root resorption and treatment efficiency. Angle Orthod 2016; 86:746-752. [PMID: 26741306 PMCID: PMC8600829 DOI: 10.2319/085015-571.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare, through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), the root resorption and treatment efficiency of two different mini-implant-assisted modalities in intruding the maxillary incisors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two adults who had deep bite and elongated maxillary incisors were randomly allocated to two groups: anterior mini-implant group (AMG) and posterior mini-implant group (PMG). In the AMG, approximately 40 g of force was applied per side with elastic chains from mini-implants placed between the lateral incisors and canines and in the PMG, with beta-titanium wires from mini-implants placed between the second premolars and first molars. This study was conducted on CBCT scans taken before intrusion and after 4 months of intrusion. Data were analyzed by means of a paired t-test, independent t-test, and Pearson's correlation test. RESULTS One patient was excluded from the AMG due to mini-implant loosening. While the incisors showed a significant reduction in length and volume, this amount was greater in the AMG, especially in the central incisors (P < .05). Together with the mean intrusion rates of 0.62 and 0.39 mm/mo in the AMG and PMG respectively, the center of resistance of the incisors showed distal movement with labial tipping; these changes were greater in the PMG (P < .001). Volumetric root resorption was correlated with the amount of intrusion (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Intrusion anchoring from posterior mini-implants is preferred in cases of upright incisors, as the use of such mechanics directs the roots into the spongiosa where they undergo less root resorption and more labial tipping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isil Aras
- Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ali V. Tuncer
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Jiang F, Xia Z, Li S, Eckert G, Chen J. Mechanical environment change in root, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone in response to two canine retraction treatment strategies. Orthod Craniofac Res 2016; 18 Suppl 1:29-38. [PMID: 25865531 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the initial mechanical environment (ME) changes in root surface, periodontal ligament (PDL), and alveolar bone due to two treatment strategies, low or high moment-to-force ratio (M/F). SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis. Eighteen patients who underwent maxillary bilateral canine retraction. MATERIAL AND METHOD Finite element models of the maxillary canines from the patients were built based on their cone beam computed tomography scans. For each patient, the canine on one side had a specially designed T-loop spring with the M/F higher than the other side. Four stress invariants (1st principal/dilatational/3rd principal/von Mises stress) in the tissues were calculated. The stresses were compared with the bone mineral density (BMD) changes reported previously for linking the ME change to bone modeling/remodeling activities. The correlation was tested by the mixed-model anova. RESULTS The alveolar bone in the direction of tooth movement is primarily in tension, while the PDL is in compression; the stresses in the opposite direction have a reversed pattern. The M/F primarily affects the stress in root. Three stress invariants (1st principal/3rd principal/dilatational stress) in the tooth movement direction have moderate correlations with BMD loss. CONCLUSIONS The stress invariants may be used to characterize what the osteocytes sense when ME changes. Their distributions in the tissues are significantly different, meaning the cells experience different stimuli. The higher bone activities along the direction of tooth movement may be related to the initial volumetric increase and decrease in the alveolar bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Jiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Xu X, Zhou J, Yang F, Wei S, Dai H. Using Micro-Computed Tomography to Evaluate the Dynamics of Orthodontically Induced Root Resorption Repair in a Rat Model. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150135. [PMID: 26930605 PMCID: PMC4773112 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To observe dynamic changes in root resorption repair, tooth movement relapse and alveolar bone microstructure following the application of orthodontic force. Materials and Methods Forces of 20 g, 50 g or 100 g were delivered to the left maxillary first molars of fifteen 10-week-old rats for 14 days. Each rat was subjected to micro-computed tomography scanning at 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, 28 and 42 days after force removal. The root resorption crater volume, tooth movement relapse and alveolar bone microarchitecture were measured at each time point. Results From day 3 to day 14, the root resorption volume decreased significantly in each group. In the 20-g force group, the root resorption volume gradually stabilized after 14 days, whereas in the 50-g and 100-g force groups, it stabilized after 28 days. In all groups, tooth movement relapsed significantly from day 0 to day 14 and then remained stable. From day 3 to day 10, the 20-g group exhibited faster relapse than the 50-g and 100-g groups. In all groups, the structure model index and trabecular separation decreased slowly from day 0 to day 10 and eventually stabilized. Trabecular number increased slowly from day 0 to day 7 and then stabilized. Conclusions The initial stage of root resorption repair did not change significantly and was followed by a dramatic repair period before stabilizing. The most serious tooth movement relapse occurred immediately after the appliance was removed, and then the tooth completely returned to the original position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengxue Yang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shicheng Wei
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of 7 Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Dai
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
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Dindaroğlu F, Doğan S. Evaluation and comparison of root resorption between tooth-borne and tooth-tissue borne rapid maxillary expansion appliances: A CBCT study. Angle Orthod 2016; 86:46-52. [PMID: 25993251 PMCID: PMC8603957 DOI: 10.2319/010515-007.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare volumetric root resorption after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) between tooth-borne and tissue-borne appliances using CBCT. Repair in resorption cavities after 6 months of fixed retention was also compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS A sample of 33 subjects were randomly divided into two groups: Hyrax (n = 16) and Haas (n = 17). CBCT scans were taken 6 months before expansion, immediately after expansion, and 6 months after fixed retention. Mimics Innovation V 16.0 software was used for segmentation and volumetric measurement of 198 teeth. Bland-Altman plots, independent samples t test, repeated measures analysis of variance, and the Friedman test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Differences in root resorption after RME and repair after retention were not significant between the hyrax and Haas appliances or between male and female. Significant differences were found between preexpansion and postexpansion root volumes in the first premolars and molars--even in unattached second premolars. When the percentage of root volume loss is considered, no significant difference was found between the first premolar, second premolar, and first molar. Volumetric changes after 6 months of retention were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS More resorption was observed in the Hyrax expander group. But it was not statistically significant. Repair was observed after 6 months of retention. Heavy RME forces affected premolars and molar similarly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furkan Dindaroğlu
- Research Assistant, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Servet Doğan
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Maeda Y, Kuroda S, Ganzorig K, Wazen R, Nanci A, Tanaka E. Histomorphometric analysis of overloading on palatal tooth movement into the maxillary sinus. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015; 148:423-30. [PMID: 26321340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our objective was to evaluate the effect of overloading on the palatal movement of the maxillary molar. METHODS The maxillary first molars of male C57Bl/6 mice were moved palatally with loads of 10 or 30 g for 14 days, and the amount of tooth movement was longitudinally measured on microcomputed tomography images. Bone remodeling around the molar root with the 30-g load was evaluated at days 3, 5, 7, and 14 after the start of tooth movement using histomorphometry and immunodetection of bone-restricted interferon inducible transmembrane-like protein, a novel marker of active bone formation. RESULTS In the 10-g load group, the amount of tooth movement increased dramatically between days 5 and 7 and increased gradually thereafter. Tooth movement at days 5 and 7 was significantly lower in the 30-g-load group than in the 10-g load group; however, the total tooth movement at 14 days was similar in the 2 groups. An orthodontic load of 30 g stimulated bone formation on the sinus wall, but bone resorption on the periodontal ligament side was delayed because of hyalinization, which means that strong force application did not accelerate tooth movement. Moreover, some root resorption was induced by the excessive force. CONCLUSIONS Root penetration into the sinus and bone height reduction do not occur because new bone formation on the maxillary sinus is induced before bone resorption on the periodontal side, even though an excessive orthodontic force is applied. However, an excessive force can induce root resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Maeda
- Graduate student, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Oral Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shingo Kuroda
- Associate professor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
| | - Khaliunaa Ganzorig
- Graduate student, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Oral Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Rima Wazen
- Research associate, Laboratory for the Study of Calcified Tissues and Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Antonio Nanci
- Professor, Laboratory for the Study of Calcified Tissues and Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Eiji Tanaka
- Professor and chair, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan; distinguished adjunct professor, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Roscoe MG, Meira JBC, Cattaneo PM. Association of orthodontic force system and root resorption: A systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015; 147:610-26. [PMID: 25919107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this systematic review, we assessed the literature to determine which evidence level supports the association of orthodontic force system and root resorption. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases were searched with no restrictions on year, publication status, or language. Selection criteria included human studies conducted with fixed orthodontic appliances or aligners, with at least 10 patients and the force system well described. RESULTS A total of 259 articles were retrieved in the initial search. After the review process, 21 full-text articles met the inclusion criteria. Sample sizes ranged from 10 to 73 patients. Most articles were classified as having high evidence levels and low risks of bias. CONCLUSIONS Although a meta-analysis was not performed, from the available literature, it seems that positive correlations exist between increased force levels and increased root resorption, as well as between increased treatment time and increased root resorption. Moreover, a pause in tooth movement seems to be beneficial in reducing root resorption because it allows the resorbed cementum to heal. The absence of a control group, selection criteria of patients, and adequate examinations before and after treatment are the most common methodology flaws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina G Roscoe
- Postgraduate student, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Josete B C Meira
- Associate professor, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paolo M Cattaneo
- Associate professor, Section of Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Akyalcin S, Alexander SP, Silva RM, English JD. Evaluation of three-dimensional root surface changes and resorption following rapid maxillary expansion: a cone beam computed tomography investigation. Orthod Craniofac Res 2015; 18 Suppl 1:117-26. [DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Akyalcin
- Department of Orthodontics; School of Dentistry; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston TX USA
| | - S. P. Alexander
- Department of Orthodontics; School of Dentistry; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston TX USA
| | - R. M. Silva
- Department of Endodontics; School of Dentistry; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston TX USA
| | - J. D. English
- Department of Orthodontics; School of Dentistry; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston TX USA
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Forst D, Nijjar S, Flores-Mir C, Carey J, Secanell M, Lagravere M. Comparison of in vivo 3D cone-beam computed tomography tooth volume measurement protocols. Prog Orthod 2014; 15:69. [PMID: 25534123 PMCID: PMC4274349 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-014-0069-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study is to analyze a set of previously developed and proposed image segmentation protocols for precision in both intra- and inter-rater reliability for in vivo tooth volume measurements using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. METHODS Six 3D volume segmentation procedures were proposed and tested for intra- and inter-rater reliability to quantify maxillary first molar volumes. Ten randomly selected maxillary first molars were measured in vivo in random order three times with 10 days separation between measurements. Intra- and inter-rater agreement for all segmentation procedures was attained using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS The highest precision was for automated thresholding with manual refinements. CONCLUSIONS A tooth volume measurement protocol for CBCT images employing automated segmentation with manual human refinement on a 2D slice-by-slice basis in all three planes of space possessed excellent intra- and inter-rater reliability. Three-dimensional volume measurements of the entire tooth structure are more precise than 3D volume measurements of only the dental roots apical to the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Manuel Lagravere
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 5th Floor, 11405 - 87 Avenue NW, Edmonton T6G 1C9, Alberta, Canada.
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POLETI ML, FERNANDES TMF, PAIZ CC, RUBIRA-BULLEN IRF, CAPELOZZA ALA. Pixel value analysis for detection of simulated early external root resorption. Braz Oral Res 2014; 28:S1806-83242014000100255. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2014.vol28.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Forst D, Nijjar S, Khaled Y, Lagravere M, Flores-Mir C. Radiographic assessment of external root resorption associated with jackscrew-based maxillary expansion therapies: a systematic review. Eur J Orthod 2013; 36:576-85. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjt090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Apical root resorption: the dark side of the root. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2013; 143:492-8. [PMID: 23561410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2012.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The diagnosis of apical root resorption is usually based on routine radiographs. However, these methods are limited because the images reflect the superimposition of the whole root structure and can lead to underestimation of the extent of apical root resorption. In this study, we aimed to determine the lengths of the labial and lingual surfaces of incisors with apical root resorption and compare them with the longest radicular length obtained on sagittal images of cone-beam computed tomography, and to create a qualitative visual scale of the different patterns of apical root resorption. METHODS Eighty-two incisors with apical root resorption from 25 patients had their labial and lingual root surfaces and the longest radicular lengths determined in the sagittal plane and compared. Five orthodontists, at 2 times, classified the images of each incisor according to a visual scale developed by the authors. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the labial and lingual surfaces; however, the longest radicular length was significantly greater than the shortest surface length. The visual scale showed intraobserver agreement of 0.615 and interobserver agreements of 0.74 and 0.52 at both times, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The difference between the longest and shortest root lengths suggests that radiographic superimposition underestimates the extent of the resorption lesion. The proposed visual scale showed a frequency of agreement above 65% and a coefficient of reproducibility varying from moderate to substantial.
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Farronato G, Porro A, Galbiati G, Giannini L, Moffa M, Maspero C. Riassorbimento radicolare: Revisione della letteratura. DENTAL CADMOS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0011-8524(13)70040-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ren H, Chen J, Deng F, Zheng L, Liu X, Dong Y. Comparison of cone-beam computed tomography and periapical radiography for detecting simulated apical root resorption. Angle Orthod 2013; 83:189-195. [PMID: 22891767 PMCID: PMC8793652 DOI: 10.2319/050512-372.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2012] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the diagnostic accuracy between cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and periapical radiography for detecting simulated external apical root resorption (EARR) in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study sample consisted of 160 single-rooted premolar teeth for simulating EARR of varying degrees according to four setups: no (intact teeth), mild (cavity of 1.0 mm in diameter and depth on root surface), moderate (0.4 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.2 mm, and 1.6 mm root shortening), and severe (2.4 mm, 2.8 mm, 3.2 mm, and 3.6 mm root shortening). Two groups of radiographic images were obtained via CBCT and periapical radiography. The absence or presence and the severity for all resorption lesions were evaluated blindly by two calibrated observers. RESULTS With the CBCT method, the rates of correct classification of no, mild, moderate, and severe EARR were 96.3%, 98.8%, 41.3%, and 87.5%, respectively; with the periapical radiography method, the rates were 82.5%, 41.3%, 68.8%, and 92.5%, respectively. Highly significant differences were found between the two imaging methods for detection of mild (P < .001), moderate (P < .001), and all EARR (P < .001). For detection of all EARR, the sensitivity and specificity values were 75.8% and 96.3% for CBCT, compared with 67.5% and 82.5% for periapical radiography. CONCLUSION CBCT is a reliable diagnostic tool to detect simulated EARR, whereas periapical radiography underestimates it. However, if a periapical radiograph is already available to the diagnosis of EARR, CBCT should be used with extreme caution to avoid additional radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Ren
- Student, Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jun Chen
- Resident, Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Feng Deng
- Doctor, Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Leilei Zheng
- Department Head, Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Professor and Department Head, Department of Radiology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yanling Dong
- Student, Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
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Wang Y, He S, Guo Y, Wang S, Chen S. Accuracy of volumetric measurement of simulated root resorption lacunas based on cone beam computed tomography. Orthod Craniofac Res 2013; 16:169-76. [PMID: 23419069 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - S. He
- Department of Orthodontics; West China College of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu; China
| | - Y. Guo
- Department of Orthodontics; West China College of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu; China
| | - S. Wang
- Department of Orthodontics; West China College of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu; China
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Walker SL, Tieu LD, Flores-Mir C. Radiographic comparison of the extent of orthodontically induced external apical root resorption in vital and root-filled teeth: a systematic review. Eur J Orthod 2013; 35:796-802. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjs101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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