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Ren J, Gan S, Zheng S, Li M, An Y, Yuan S, Gu X, Zhang L, Hou Y, Du Q, Zhang G, Shen W. Genotype-phenotype pattern analysis of pathogenic PAX9 variants in Chinese Han families with non-syndromic oligodontia. Front Genet 2023; 14:1142776. [PMID: 37056289 PMCID: PMC10086135 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1142776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-syndromic oligodontia is characterized by the absence of six or more permanent teeth, excluding third molars, and can have aesthetic, masticatory, and psychological consequences. Previous studies have shown that PAX9 is associated with autosomal dominant forms of oligodontia but the precise molecular mechanisms are still unknown.Methods: Whole-exome and Sanger sequencing were performed on a cohort of approximately 28 probands with NSO, for mutation analysis. Bioinformatic analysis was performed on the potential variants. Immunofluorescence assay, western blotting, and qPCR were used to explore the preliminary functional impact of the variant PAX9 proteins. We reviewed PAX9-related NSO articles in PubMed to analyze the genotype-phenotype correlations.Results: We identified three novel PAX9 variants in Chinese Han families: c.152G>T (p.Gly51Val), c.239delC (p.Thr82Profs*3), and c.409C>T (q.Gln137Ter). In addition, two previously reported missense variants were identified: c.140G>C (p.Arg47Pro) and c.146C>T (p.Ser49Leu) (reference sequence NM_006194.4). Structural modeling revealed that all missense variants were located in the highly conserved paired domain. The other variants led to premature termination of the protein, causing structural impairment of the PAX9 protein. Immunofluorescence assay showed abnormal subcellular localizations of the missense variants (R47P, S49L, and G51V). In human dental pulp stem cells, western blotting and qPCR showed decreased expression of PAX9 variants (c.140G>C, p.R47P, and c.152G>T, p.G51V) compared with the wild-type group at both the transcription and translation levels. A review of published papers identified 64 PAX9 variants related to NSO and found that the most dominant feature was the high incidence of missing upper second molars, first molars, second premolars, and lower second molars.Conclusion: Three novel PAX9 variants were identified in Chinese Han families with NSO. These results extend the variant spectrum of PAX9 and provide a foundation for genetic diagnosis and counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Ren
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Sifang Gan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | | | - Meikang Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yilin An
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuo Yuan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiuge Gu
- Department of Orthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Hou
- Department of Orthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qingqing Du
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guozhong Zhang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenjing Shen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Wenjing Shen,
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Grejtakova D, Gabrikova-Dojcakova D, Boronova I, Kyjovska L, Hubcejova J, Fecenkova M, Zigova M, Priganc M, Bernasovska J. WNT10A variants in relation to nonsyndromic hypodontia in eastern Slovak population. J Genet 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-018-1011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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3
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Fournier BP, Bruneau MH, Toupenay S, Kerner S, Berdal A, Cormier-Daire V, Hadj-Rabia S, Coudert AE, de La Dure-Molla M. Patterns of Dental Agenesis Highlight the Nature of the Causative Mutated Genes. J Dent Res 2018; 97:1306-1316. [PMID: 29879364 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518777460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common outcome of defective dental morphogenesis in human patients is dental agenesis (absence of teeth). This may affect either the primary or permanent dentition and can range from 5 or fewer missing teeth (hypodontia), 6 or more (oligodontia), to complete absence of teeth (anodontia). Both isolated and syndromic dental agenesis have been reported to be associated with a large number of mutated genes. The aim of this review was to analyze the dental phenotypes of syndromic and nonsyndromic dental agenesis linked to gene mutations. A systematic review of the literature focusing on genes ( MSX1, PAX9, AXIN2, PITX2, WNT10A, NEMO, EDA, EDAR, EDARADD, GREMLIN2, LTBP3, LRP6, and SMOC2) known to be involved in dental agenesis was performed and included 101 articles. A meta-analysis was performed using the dental phenotypes of 522 patients. The total number and type of missing teeth were analyzed for each mutated gene. The percentages of missing teeth for each gene were compared to determine correlations between genotypes and phenotypes. Third molar agenesis was included in the clinical phenotype assessment. The findings show that isolated dental agenesis exists as part of a spectrum of syndromes for all the identified genes except PAX9 and that the pattern of dental agenesis can be useful in clinical diagnosis to identify (or narrow) the causative gene mutations. While third molar agenesis was the most frequent type of dental agenesis, affecting 70% of patients, it was described in only 30% of patients with EDA gene mutations. This study shows that the pattern of dental agenesis gives information about the mutated gene and could guide molecular diagnosis for geneticists.
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Affiliation(s)
- B P Fournier
- 1 Université Paris-Diderot, UFR d'Odontologie, Paris, France.,2 Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Orales et Dentaires, O-Rares, Hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, France.,3 Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Orale Moléculaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - M H Bruneau
- 1 Université Paris-Diderot, UFR d'Odontologie, Paris, France
| | - S Toupenay
- 1 Université Paris-Diderot, UFR d'Odontologie, Paris, France.,2 Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Orales et Dentaires, O-Rares, Hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - S Kerner
- 1 Université Paris-Diderot, UFR d'Odontologie, Paris, France.,2 Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Orales et Dentaires, O-Rares, Hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, France.,4 Département de Parodontologie; Hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - A Berdal
- 1 Université Paris-Diderot, UFR d'Odontologie, Paris, France.,2 Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Orales et Dentaires, O-Rares, Hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, France.,3 Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Orale Moléculaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - V Cormier-Daire
- 5 INSERM UMR1163, Institut IMAGINE, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,6 Département de Génétique, Centre de Référence pour les Dysplasies Osseuses.,7 Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - S Hadj-Rabia
- 7 Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,8 Département de Dermatologie; Centre national de référence des Maladies Génétiques à Expression Cutanée (MAGEC), Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - A E Coudert
- 1 Université Paris-Diderot, UFR d'Odontologie, Paris, France.,3 Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Orale Moléculaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - M de La Dure-Molla
- 1 Université Paris-Diderot, UFR d'Odontologie, Paris, France.,2 Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Orales et Dentaires, O-Rares, Hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, France.,4 Département de Parodontologie; Hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, France
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4
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Badrov J, Gaspar G, Tadin A, Galic T, Govorko DK, Gavic L, Badrov R, Galic I. Prevalence and Characteristics of Congenitally Missing Permanent Teeth among Orthodontic Patients in Southern Croatia. Acta Stomatol Croat 2017; 51:290-299. [PMID: 29872234 PMCID: PMC5975451 DOI: 10.15644/asc51/4/3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenitally missing permanent teeth (CMPT) was recognized as a clinical and public health problem in pediatric dentistry. AIM To determine the prevalence of CMPT among orthodontic patients in Southern Croatia. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a retrospective study, we analyzed CMPT in patients from three different regions in Southern Croatia (SC). Two orthodontic practices from each region were selected and a total of 4649 records of patients aged 6 - 15 years, who were clinically examined for orthodontic treatment between 2008 and 2015, were evaluated. We excluded 219 patients and 4430 patients remained for further analysis. RESULTS There was no difference in prevalence of CMPT among regions in Southern Croatia, and the whole sample was evaluated. CMPT was found in 345(7.8%) patients. The highest proportion of CMPT was with one or two missing teeth 122 (81.9%) and 158 (80.6%), followed by those with three to five missing teeth or moderate hypodontia, 25(16.8%) and 35(17.9%), in males, and females respectively. Bilateral hypodontia of the lower second premolars and upper second incisors was more common than unilateral hypodontia. CONCLUSIONS The obtained results of high prevalence of CMPT in Southern Croatia reinforce the need for a timely diagnostics and treatment of moderate and severe cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozo Badrov
- Study of Dental Medicine, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Goran Gaspar
- Study of Dental Medicine, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Antonija Tadin
- Study of Dental Medicine, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Tea Galic
- Study of Dental Medicine, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | | | - Lidija Gavic
- Study of Dental Medicine, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Robert Badrov
- Study of Dental Medicine, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivan Galic
- Study of Dental Medicine, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- Department of Research in Biomedicine and Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
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5
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Haddaji Mastouri M, De Coster P, Zaghabani A, Jammali F, Raouahi N, Ben Salem A, Saad A, Coucke P, H'mida Ben Brahim D. Genetic study of non-syndromic tooth agenesis through the screening of paired box 9, msh homeobox 1, axin 2, and Wnt family member 10A genes: a case-series. Eur J Oral Sci 2017; 126:24-32. [PMID: 29114927 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Non-syndromic tooth agenesis (NSTA) is the most common developmental anomaly in humans. Several studies have been conducted on dental agenesis and numerous genes have been identified. However, the pathogenic mechanisms responsible for NSTA are not clearly understood. We studied a group of 28 patients with sporadic NSTA and nine patients with a family history of tooth agenesis. We focused on four genes - paired box 9 (PAX9), Wnt family member 10A (WNT10A), msh homeobox 1 (MSX1), and axin 2 (AXIN2) - using direct Sanger sequencing of the exons and intron-exon boundaries. The most prevalent variants identified in PAX9 and AXIN2 genes were analyzed using the chi-square test. The sequencing results revealed a number of variants in the AXIN2 gene, including one novel missense mutation in one patient with agenesis of a single second premolar. We also identified one variant in the AXIN2 gene as being a putative risk factor for tooth agenesis. Only one missense mutation was identified in the WNT10A gene and this mutation was found in two patients. Interestingly, WNT10A is reported as the most prevalent gene mutated in the European population with NSTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Haddaji Mastouri
- Department of Human Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Reproductive Biology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Peter De Coster
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontology and Oral Biology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Frej Jammali
- Department of Orthodontics, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Nabiha Raouahi
- Department of Orthodontics, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | | | - Ali Saad
- Department of Human Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Reproductive Biology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Paul Coucke
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dorra H'mida Ben Brahim
- Department of Human Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Reproductive Biology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
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6
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Bonczek O, Balcar V, Šerý O. PAX9
gene mutations and tooth agenesis: A review. Clin Genet 2017; 92:467-476. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Bonczek
- Laboratory of DNA Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Animal Embryology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics; The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno Czech Republic
| | - V.J. Balcar
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Bosch Institute and Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, School of medical sciences, Sydney Medical School; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - O. Šerý
- Laboratory of DNA Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Animal Embryology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics; The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno Czech Republic
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7
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Dental Age and Tooth Development in Orthodontic Patients with Agenesis of Permanent Teeth. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8683970. [PMID: 28331854 PMCID: PMC5346386 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8683970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To compare the development of permanent teeth in a group of children with the congenitally missing permanent teeth (CMPT) and corresponding nonaffected group. Methods. The formation stages of all developing permanent teeth were determined on 345 panoramic radiographs (OPTs) by the method of Haavikko (1970), and dental age was calculated. The paired samples t-test was used to compare the differences between dental age (DA) and chronological age (CA) in those with CMPT and those not affected. Spearman test was used to evaluate the correlation between DA-CA and the number of missing teeth. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare the development of the teeth adjacent to the place of the agenesis with matched pair in corresponding nonaffected group. Results. Dental age was significantly delayed in CMPT children compared to the nonaffected group (p < 0.001). The mean differences were −0.57 ± 1.20 years and −0.61 ± 1.23 years in males and females, without difference between sexes (p = 0.763). The number of missing teeth affected the delay only in females (p = 0.024). Only mesial teeth in females were significantly delayed in development when compared to the nonaffected group (p = 0.007). Conclusion. Our findings show that the development of the permanent teeth is delayed when compared to the nonaffected group of the same sex and age.
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8
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Shahid M, Balto HA, Al-Hammad N, Joshi S, Khalil HS, Somily AM, Sinjilawi NAA, Al-Ghamdi S, Faiyaz-Ul-Haque M, Dhillon VS. Mutations in MSX1, PAX9 and MMP20 genes in Saudi Arabian patients with tooth agenesis. Eur J Med Genet 2016; 59:377-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Proc P, Szczepańska J, Skiba A, Zubowska M, Fendler W, Młynarski W. Dental Anomalies as Late Adverse Effect among Young Children Treated for Cancer. Cancer Res Treat 2015; 48:658-67. [PMID: 26511809 PMCID: PMC4843721 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2015.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of dental complications in childhood cancer survivors with that of healthy control subjects, and to determine the possible influence of various factors associated with patient and treatment. Materials and Methods Sixty-one panoramic radiographs of the dentition of cancer survivors were compared with 521 radiographs of healthy patients at a similar age, between 5 and 18 years. The mean period from termination of therapy was 4.9 years (58.9±34.3 months), and 51 children (83.60%) were under age 5 when therapy began. Results Dental anomalies were found in 38 cancer survivors (62.29%) and 69 control subjects (13.24%) (p < 0.001). Agenesis of teeth was found in 19 cancer patients (31.14%) and in 48 control subjects (9.21%). Microdontic teeth were found in 22 cancer survivors (36.06%) and 15 control subjects (2.87%) (p < 0.001), whereas teeth with short roots were found in seven cancer patients (11.47%) and 15 control subjects (2.87%) (p < 0.01). Dental anomalies in cancer patients were more common in some tooth groups and were not observed in others. The frequency of dental anomalies did not show correlation with age at the beginning or termination or time of therapy. Conclusion Children under the age of 5 are in a high risk group for dental complications after anticancer treatment. Rudimentary chemotherapy has a considerable impact on the occurrence of dental anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Proc
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oncology, Hematology and Diabetology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Joanna Szczepańska
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oncology, Hematology and Diabetology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Adam Skiba
- Department of Orthodontics, Oncology, Hematology and Diabetology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Zubowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology, Hematology and Diabetology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Wojciech Fendler
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology, Hematology and Diabetology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Wojciech Młynarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology, Hematology and Diabetology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
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Šerý O, Bonczek O, Hloušková A, Černochová P, Vaněk J, Míšek I, Krejčí P, Izakovičová Hollá L. A screen of a large Czech cohort of oligodontia patients implicates a novel mutation in thePAX9gene. Eur J Oral Sci 2015; 123:65-71. [DOI: 10.1111/eos.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Šerý
- Laboratory of DNA Diagnostics; Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Animal Embryology; Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics; The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Bonczek
- Laboratory of DNA Diagnostics; Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Animal Embryology; Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics; The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Alena Hloušková
- Laboratory of DNA Diagnostics; Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Černochová
- Clinic of Stomatology; Faculty of Medicine; Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Vaněk
- Clinic of Stomatology; Faculty of Medicine; Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Míšek
- Laboratory of Animal Embryology; Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics; The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno Czech Republic
- Clinic of Stomatology; Faculty of Medicine; Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Přemysl Krejčí
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Institute of Dentistry and Oral Sciences; Palacký University; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Lydie Izakovičová Hollá
- Clinic of Stomatology; Faculty of Medicine; Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital; Brno Czech Republic
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11
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Wang J, Xu Y, Chen J, Wang F, Huang R, Wu S, Shu L, Qiu J, Yang Z, Xue J, Wang R, Zhao J, Lai W. PAX9 polymorphism and susceptibility to sporadic non-syndromic severe anodontia: a case-control study in southwest China. J Appl Oral Sci 2013; 21:256-64. [PMID: 23857653 PMCID: PMC3881902 DOI: 10.1590/1679-775720130079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our research aimed to look into the clinical traits and genetic mutations in sporadic
non-syndromic anodontia and to gain insight into the role of mutations of
PAX9, MSX1, AXIN2 and EDA in anodontia
phenotypes, especially for the PAX9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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12
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Mu YD, Xu Z, Contreras CI, McDaniel JS, Donly KJ, Chen S. Mutational analysis of AXIN2, MSX1, and PAX9 in two Mexican oligodontia families. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2013; 12:4446-58. [PMID: 24222224 DOI: 10.4238/2013.october.10.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The genes for axin inhibition protein 2 (AXIN2), msh homeobox 1 (MSX1), and paired box gene 9 (PAX9) are involved in tooth root formation and tooth development. Mutations of the AXIN2, MSX1, and PAX9 genes are associated with non-syndromic oligodontia. In this study, we investigated phenotype and AXIN2, MSX1, and PAX9 gene variations in two Mexican families with non-syndromic oligodontia. Individuals from two families underwent clinical examinations, including an intra-oral examination and panoramic radiograph. Retrospective data were reviewed, and peripheral blood samples were collected. The exons and exon-intronic boundaries of the AXIN2, MSX1, and PAX9 genes were sequenced and analyzed. Protein and messenger RNA structures were predicted using bioinformative software programs. Clinical and oral examinations revealed isolated non-syndromic oligodontia in the two Mexican families. The average number of missing teeth was 12. The sequence analysis of exons and exon-intronic regions of AXIN2, MSX1, and PAX9 revealed 11 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including seven in AXIN2, two in MSX1, and three in PAX9. One novel SNP of MSX1, c.476T>G (Leu159Arg), was found in all of the studied patients in the families. MSX1 Leu159Arg and PAX9 Ala240Pro change protein and messenger RNA structures. Our findings suggested that a combined reduction of MSX1 and PAX9 gene dosages increased the risk for oligodontia in the Mexican families, as in vivo investigation has indicated that interaction between Msx1 and Pax9 is required for tooth development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y D Mu
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, Dental School, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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13
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Klein OD, Oberoi S, Huysseune A, Hovorakova M, Peterka M, Peterkova R. Developmental disorders of the dentition: an update. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2013; 163C:318-32. [PMID: 24124058 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Dental anomalies are common congenital malformations that can occur either as isolated findings or as part of a syndrome. This review focuses on genetic causes of abnormal tooth development and the implications of these abnormalities for clinical care. As an introduction, we describe general insights into the genetics of tooth development obtained from mouse and zebrafish models. This is followed by a discussion of isolated as well as syndromic tooth agenesis, including Van der Woude syndrome (VWS), ectodermal dysplasias (EDs), oral-facial-digital (OFD) syndrome type I, Rieger syndrome, holoprosencephaly, and tooth anomalies associated with cleft lip and palate. Next, we review delayed formation and eruption of teeth, as well as abnormalities in tooth size, shape, and form. Finally, isolated and syndromic causes of supernumerary teeth are considered, including cleidocranial dysplasia and Gardner syndrome.
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Li Z, Yu M, Tian W. An inductive signalling network regulates mammalian tooth morphogenesis with implications for tooth regeneration. Cell Prolif 2013; 46:501-8. [PMID: 23952789 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequential and reciprocal epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, essential throughout such aspects of tooth morphogenesis as patterning, size and number of teeth, involves a well-ordered series of inductive and permissive signals that exert global control over cell proliferation, differentiation and organogenesis. In particular, growth factors, transcription factors and their corresponding receptors, as well as other soluble morphogens, make up a regulatory network at the molecular level that synergistically or antagonistically controls intra-/inter-cellular signal transduction during odontogenesis. This review summarizes recent advances in the study of crucial signalling pathways, for example of BMPs, Wnt, Notch, Shh and FGF, with emphasis on the potential integrated signalling network responsible for tooth formation. Our work probes into the complexity of these inductive signalling pathways to promote the understanding of tooth regeneration. Additionally, our study provides further insights into therapeutic strategies for various dental abnormalities in patterning and number, such as tooth agenesis and supernumerary teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Ruf S, Klimas D, Hönemann M, Jabir S. Genetic background of nonsyndromic oligodontia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orofac Orthop 2013; 74:295-308. [PMID: 23828301 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-013-0138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of this work was to identify all known gene mutations that have been associated with the development of nonsyndromic oligodontia. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed electronically in two databases (PubMed, Medpilot) supplemented by a hand search. Articles published up to March 2012 were considered. Search terms were combined as follows: oligodontia and genes, oligodontia and mutations, tooth agenesis and genes, and tooth agenesis and mutations. A meta-analysis of the data was conducted based on the Tooth Agenesis Code (TAC). RESULTS Seven genes are currently known to have a potential for causing nonsyndromic oligodontia. All these genes vary both in terms of number of identified mutations and in terms of number of documented patients: 33 mutations and 93 patients are on record for PAX9, 10 mutations and 51 patients for EDA, 12 mutations and 33 patients for MSX1, 6 mutations and 17 patients for AXIN2, and 1 mutation in 1 patient for EDARADD, NEMO, and KRT17 each. A total TAC score of 250 was found to have cutoff properties, as 100% of MSX1 and 80% of EDA patients exhibited TAC ≤ 250, whereas 96.9% of PAX9 and 90% of AXIN2 patients exhibited TAC >250. Furthermore, 94.3% of EDA patients but only 28.6% of MSX1 patients exhibited odd-numbered TAC scores in at least one quadrant, and 72.7% of PAX9 but none of the AXIN2 patients were found to show TAC scores of 112 in at least one quadrant. CONCLUSION In order of decreasing frequency, PAX9, EDA, MSX1, AXIN2, EDARADD, NEMO, and KRT17 are the seven genes currently known to have a potential for causing nonsyndromic oligodontia. TAC scores enabled us to identify an association between oligodontia phenotypes and genotypes in the patients covered by this meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Ruf
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Germany.
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Qin H, Xu HZ, Xuan K. Clinical and genetic evaluation of a Chinese family with isolated oligodontia. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58:1180-6. [PMID: 23731659 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oligodontia is defined as the congenital absence of 6 or more permanent teeth excluding the third molar. Tooth agenesis may be classified as syndromic/non-syndromic and as familial/sporadic. To date, more than 300 genes have been found to be involved in tooth development, but only a few of these genes, such as MSX1, PAX9 and AXIN2, are related to the condition of non-syndromic oligodontia. The objective of the present work was to investigate the disease-causing gene of non-syndromic oligodontia in a Han Chinese family and analyse the pathogenesis of mutations that result in oligodontia. DESIGN We examined all individuals of the oligodontia family by clinical and radiographic examinations. Based on the clinical manifestations, the candidate genes MSX, PAX9 and AXIN2 were selected to analyse and screen for mutations. RESULTS The clinical evaluation suggested that the family might show non-syndromic oligodontia. DNA sequencing of the MSX1 gene revealed two mutations in the two patients with oligodontia: a heterozygotic silent mutation, c.348C>T (P.Gly116=), in exon 1 and a homozygotic deletion of 11 nucleotides (c.469+56delins GCCGGGTGGGG) in the intron. However, the silent mutation and the deletion mutation were thought to be known polymorphisms (rs34165410 and rs34341187) by bioinformatics analysis. We did not detect any mutations in the PAX9 and AXIN2 genes of oligodontia patients. CONCLUSION Our finding suggests that identified polymorphisms (c.348C>T and c.469+56delins GCCGGGTGGGG) may be responsible for the oligodontia phenotype in this Chinese family, but the association requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Qin
- Department of Dentistry, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, 182 Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
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Boeira Junior BR, Echeverrigaray S. Novel missense mutation in PAX9 gene associated with familial tooth agenesis. J Oral Pathol Med 2012; 42:99-105. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2012.01193.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Mitsiadis TA, Luder HU. Genetic basis for tooth malformations: from mice to men and back again. Clin Genet 2011; 80:319-29. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01762.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Wang J, Jian F, Chen J, Wang H, Lin Y, Yang Z, Pan X, Lai W. Sequence analysis of PAX9, MSX1 and AXIN2 genes in a Chinese oligodontia family. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 56:1027-34. [PMID: 21530942 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Revised: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of our research was to look into the clinical traits and genetic mutations in nonsyndromic oligodontia in a Chinese family and to gain insight into the role of mutations of PAX9, MSX1 and AXIN2 in oligodontia phenotypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS 6 subjects from a family underwent complete oral examination, including panoramic radiographs. Retrospective data were reviewed and blood samples were collected. PCR primers for PAX9, MSX1, and AXIN2 were designed through the Oligo Primer Analysis Software. PCR products were purified and sequenced using the BigDye Terminator Kit and analysed by the 3730 DNA Analyzer. RESULTS The proband missed 4 permanent canines, 2 permanent maxillary lateral incisors, 2 permanent mandibular lateral incisors, and 2 permanent mandibular central incisors, whilst his maternal grandfather lacked only 2 permanent mandibular central incisors. Moreover, the size of some permanent teeth appeared smaller than normal values of crown width of Chinese people. Oligodontia and abnormalities of teeth were not present in other family members. Radiographic examination showed that the proband and the rest of family members retained all germs of the third molars. There was one known mutation A240P (rs4904210) of PAX9 in the coding region in the proband and the maternal family members (II-2, II-3, and II-4), which possibly contributed to structural and functional changes of proteins. No mutations were identified in MSX1 and AXIN2. CONCLUSIONS Our findings may imply that the PAX9 A240P mutation is a risk factor for oligodontia in the Chinese population. A240P is likely to be a genetic cause of oligodontia though previous literature suggested it as a polymorphism only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, PR China
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