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Fournier BP, Bruneau MH, Toupenay S, Kerner S, Berdal A, Cormier-Daire V, Hadj-Rabia S, Coudert AE, de La Dure-Molla M. Patterns of Dental Agenesis Highlight the Nature of the Causative Mutated Genes. J Dent Res 2018; 97:1306-1316. [PMID: 29879364 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518777460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common outcome of defective dental morphogenesis in human patients is dental agenesis (absence of teeth). This may affect either the primary or permanent dentition and can range from 5 or fewer missing teeth (hypodontia), 6 or more (oligodontia), to complete absence of teeth (anodontia). Both isolated and syndromic dental agenesis have been reported to be associated with a large number of mutated genes. The aim of this review was to analyze the dental phenotypes of syndromic and nonsyndromic dental agenesis linked to gene mutations. A systematic review of the literature focusing on genes ( MSX1, PAX9, AXIN2, PITX2, WNT10A, NEMO, EDA, EDAR, EDARADD, GREMLIN2, LTBP3, LRP6, and SMOC2) known to be involved in dental agenesis was performed and included 101 articles. A meta-analysis was performed using the dental phenotypes of 522 patients. The total number and type of missing teeth were analyzed for each mutated gene. The percentages of missing teeth for each gene were compared to determine correlations between genotypes and phenotypes. Third molar agenesis was included in the clinical phenotype assessment. The findings show that isolated dental agenesis exists as part of a spectrum of syndromes for all the identified genes except PAX9 and that the pattern of dental agenesis can be useful in clinical diagnosis to identify (or narrow) the causative gene mutations. While third molar agenesis was the most frequent type of dental agenesis, affecting 70% of patients, it was described in only 30% of patients with EDA gene mutations. This study shows that the pattern of dental agenesis gives information about the mutated gene and could guide molecular diagnosis for geneticists.
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Affiliation(s)
- B P Fournier
- 1 Université Paris-Diderot, UFR d'Odontologie, Paris, France.,2 Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Orales et Dentaires, O-Rares, Hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, France.,3 Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Orale Moléculaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - M H Bruneau
- 1 Université Paris-Diderot, UFR d'Odontologie, Paris, France
| | - S Toupenay
- 1 Université Paris-Diderot, UFR d'Odontologie, Paris, France.,2 Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Orales et Dentaires, O-Rares, Hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - S Kerner
- 1 Université Paris-Diderot, UFR d'Odontologie, Paris, France.,2 Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Orales et Dentaires, O-Rares, Hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, France.,4 Département de Parodontologie; Hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - A Berdal
- 1 Université Paris-Diderot, UFR d'Odontologie, Paris, France.,2 Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Orales et Dentaires, O-Rares, Hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, France.,3 Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Orale Moléculaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - V Cormier-Daire
- 5 INSERM UMR1163, Institut IMAGINE, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,6 Département de Génétique, Centre de Référence pour les Dysplasies Osseuses.,7 Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - S Hadj-Rabia
- 7 Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,8 Département de Dermatologie; Centre national de référence des Maladies Génétiques à Expression Cutanée (MAGEC), Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - A E Coudert
- 1 Université Paris-Diderot, UFR d'Odontologie, Paris, France.,3 Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Orale Moléculaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - M de La Dure-Molla
- 1 Université Paris-Diderot, UFR d'Odontologie, Paris, France.,2 Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Orales et Dentaires, O-Rares, Hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, France.,4 Département de Parodontologie; Hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Fournier BP, Loison-Robert LS, Ferré FC, Owen GR, Larjava H, Häkkinen L, Häkkinen L. Characterisation of human gingival neural crest-derived stem cells in monolayer and neurosphere cultures. Eur Cell Mater 2016; 31:40-58. [PMID: 26728498 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v031a04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural crest (NC)-derived stem cells (NCSC) have an exceptionally wide differentiation potential, but their use in regenerative therapy has been hampered by their scarcity in adult tissues and complex isolation protocols. Human oral mucosal gingiva may provide an attractive source of these cells as it contains NC-derived cells, the tissue is easily accessible and wound healing is fast and scarless with very little morbidity. To this end, we first investigated whether NC-derived cells are retained in adult gingiva by examining 8-months-old NC-reporter Wnt1-Cre/R26RYFP mice. We then hypothesised that gingival cell NC-like phenotype can be further enhanced by floating neurosphere cultures generated from standard human gingival fibroblast (GF) and pooled CFU-F (GSC) cultures. Findings showed that NC-derived cells are retained in the gingival connective tissue of aged mice. Human GFs and GSCs expressed NC-related genes nestin, Snai1, Twist1, Pax3, Sox9 and FoxD3, and generated neurospheres. This was mediated via calcium- and connexin 43-dependent cell communication, which is similar to neurospheres formed by neural progenitors. Cells in the spheres showed significantly increased expression of NC-related genes, and down regulation of fibroblast-related type I collagen. Structurally, the neurospheres were polarised with nestin positive cells located on the outer layers underlined with an extracellular matrix rich in molecules typical to embryonic NC. Sphere-derived cells expressed significantly elevated levels of neural markers, and differentiated into Tau, neurofilament-M and GFAP-positive cells suggesting neural differentiation potential. Thus, human GF and GSC cultures may provide an efficient source of NC-derived cells via enrichment by floating sphere cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- B P Fournier
- University of British Columbia, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3
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Schmutz SM, Buchanan FC, Winkelman-Sim DC, Pawlyshyn V, Plante Y, McKinnon JJ, Fournier BP. Development of the Canadian beef reference herd for gene mapping studies. Theriogenology 2001; 55:963-72. [PMID: 11291918 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(01)00457-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A project to map quantitative trait loci (QTL), in beef cattle using a full-sib design was initiated using six Bos taurus breeds. Embryo transfer was used in a large scale, short timeframe experiment to develop this herd for gene mapping. Full-sib families allowed for genetic information to be followed through both the sire and the dam and for both parents to be slaughtered so that carcass quality data could also be obtained from both of them at close to typical slaughter ages. Repeatability of response to superovulation was significant among the 3 flushes per female. Response to superovulation was negatively correlated with backfat of the donor. Crossbred embryos were found to have higher survival than purebred embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Schmutz
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
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